Academic Writing for Grads
研究生学术英语读写教程unit5
Unit 5: Academic WritingAcademic writing is an essential skill for graduate students. Whether it's writing research papers, essays, or dissertations, the ability to conveyplex ideas in a clear and organized manner is crucial for success in academia. In this unit, we will delve into the keyponents of academic writing, including structure, language, and style, and offer practical tips for developing your skills in this area.1. Understanding the Structure of Academic WritingAcademic writing typically follows a specific structure that includes an introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should provide background information on the topic and clearly state the purpose of the paper. The body should present evidence, arguments, and analysis to support the m本人n thesis, while the conclusion should summarize the key points and reiterate the significance of the research. Understanding and following this structure is essential for producing coherent and persuasive academic writing.2. Developing an Academic Writing StyleAcademic writing requires a formal and objective tone. This means avoiding colloquial language, personal opinions, and emotional language. Instead, focus on using clear, precise, and formal language to convey your arguments and ideas. Additionally, pay attention to the use of citations and referencing to acknowledge the sources of your information and evidence. Developing a strong academic writing style takes practice, but it is a crucial skill for graduate students to master.3. Using Language Effectively in Academic WritingIn academic writing, it is important to use language that is precise and unambiguous. Avoid vague or ambiguous language, as this can weaken the clarity and effectiveness of your writing. Additionally, pay attention to the use of transitions and cohesive devices to ensure smooth and logical connections between ideas. By using language effectively, you can enhance the coherence and flow of your academic writing.4. Incorporating Research and EvidenceAcademic writing is heavily reliant on research and evidence tosupport arguments and cl本人ms. As a graduate student, it is important to develop strong research skills and the ability to critically evaluate sources. This includes identifying reliable and credible sources, synthesizing information from multiple sources, and effectively integrating evidence into your writing. By incorporating research and evidence, you can strengthen the validity and persuasiveness of your academic writing.5. Editing and Revising Academic WritingEffective academic writing is the result of careful editing and revision. After drafting your paper, take the time to review and revise it for clarity, coherence, and organization. Pay attention to the overall structure and flow of the paper, as well as the language, style, and tone. Additionally, proofread your work for grammar, punctuation, and spelling errors. By editing and revising your academic writing, you can ensure that it meets the highest standards of clarity and accuracy.ConclusionAcademic writing is a fundamental skill for graduate students, and mastering this skill is key to success in academia. Byunderstanding the structure of academic writing, developing a formal and objective writing style, using language effectively, incorporating research and evidence, and editing and revising your work, you can produce high-quality academic writing that is clear, coherent, and persuasive. With practice and dedication, you can continue to refine your skills in academic writing and excel in your academic pursuits.。
《学术型英语写作》课件
Present the findings in a logical and coherent manual, avoiding excessive detail and focusing on key results
要点三
Experimental design
Select appropriate experimental methods based on the research question to ensure representativeness and reproducibility of the experiment.
Fundamentals of Academic English Writing
Clarity
The language used should be clear and straightforward, avoiding complex or aggressive intentions
Objectivity
目录
Academic English Writing Standards and FormatsAcademic English Writing Evaluation and Feedback
CONTENTS
Introduction
This course is designed to improve students' ability in writing English for academic purposes
Academic Writing(学术英语写作)中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年
Academic Writing（学术英语写作）中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.__________ is a very unique genre in academic context for it recalls what youhave learned.答案:Reflective writing2.__________ will contain raw data and other materials not central to the mainwork.答案:Appendix3.__________are a way of combing two sentences which have a close relationshipinto one.答案:Semicolons4.What is problem in the following statement?"Many people like large families."答案:Unspecific language5.What hedgin g language is used here to show the author’s degree ofconfidence?“One of the main functions of the pancreas is to produce hormones.”答案:Adjective6.The words “this”, “which” and “likewise” can be used as __________.答案:reference7.Read the following definition and identify the problem in it."By commercial advertisements, I mean these tricks and traps manufacturers use to advocate their products in all kinds of mass media."答案:Loaded definition with negative emotions8.Which of the following is NOT true about a paragraph developed byclassification?答案:Items from different classes can be discussed here.9.Read the following sentences and decide what kind of causal analysis thesesentences follow?"What has sparked the increasing interest in exercise? Firstly, people have gained a greater awareness of the need for physical fitness. Furthermore, the constantly improving standard of living enables Chinese people to patronize the increasing number of recreational venues. The main thing perhapscenters on the healthcare and psychological benefits exercise provides."答案:One single effect is caused by multiple causes.10.When we are planning to write an essay developed by comparison orcontrast, what should we consider as the first step?答案:Points of comparison11.Which of the following is NOT a function of the Conclusion?答案:It adds some new evidence or ideas to the essay.12.Read the following short paragraph and decide which arguing approach is used here."Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are imperfect, but they are likely to eventually become safer drivers than humans. According to data of automotive fatalities from the World Health Organization in 2018, 1.35 million humans died in car accidents, with tens of millions more injuries and disabilities (World Health Organization, 2018). Few of those deaths were the results of part failure or bad luck; the majority results from intoxication, texting while driving, and other distractions."答案:deductive13.Look at the copyright page of a book. What is the publishing house?答案: Routledge14.Look at the copyright page of a book, who is the author of the book?答案:Stephen Bailey15.In general, titles of science papers have around __________ words.答案:10-1516.When writing the Results section, we should consider the following steps__________:①summarize your findings with the relevant data②determine which results to present③present the data in an appropriate way④organize the data in order答案:②④③①17.From specific to general, a conclusion should contain: ____________,_______________, __________, _______________.①restatement of research purpose②limitation and recommendation③implications and significance④synthesis of main results答案:①④③②18.Which of the following is correct when the same author is cited for twopapers published within the same year?答案:Ellis, 2019a; Ellis, 2019b19._________ can include a general topic in the first part and a specific topic abouta distinctive feature of the study in the second part, which are oftenconnected by a colon.答案:Two-part titles20.__________ is a series of words that will often appear together.答案:Collocation21.“Replacing some of the author’s words in your text with synonyms, butmaintaining the overall structures and the vocabulary of the original” is not considered as plagiarism.答案:错误22.Academic writing is complicated.答案:错误23.In your academic writing, you should try to maximize the number of contentwords. One way to do this is to increase the number of nouns or nounphrases.答案:正确24.Many collocations in English contain function words, such as nouns, verbs,adjectives and adverbs.答案:错误25.Only transitional words, such as “because” and “thus”, can be regarded asgood transition to achieve coherence.答案:错误26.In an essay developed by comparison and contrast, the block pattern ispreferable in long writing in which there are numerous points underdiscussion.答案:错误27.When we write a conclusion for a process essay, we only need to repeat theinformation mentioned in the essay without providing any specific details.答案:正确28.An argumentative essay is an essay in which you agree with an issue andsupport it with evidence.答案:错误29. A thesis statement may state not only the author’s own point of view but a lsothe view from the other side.答案:正确30.An annotated bibliography include the list of all your sources and thesummary of the content of each source.答案:正确31.The following is an acceptable direct quotation:Gould and Brown (1991) explained that Darwin used the metaphor of thetree of life "to express the other form of interconnectedness–genealogicalrather than ecological” (p. 14).Reference:Gould, J. & Brown, A. (1991). The mating mind. Behavior Ecology,22(3),10-19.答案:正确32.Titles need to keep short and concise, and attracts the reader’s attention.答案:正确33.The abstract is the first thing you write.答案:错误34.An abstract should be fully understandable on its own to someone whohasn’t read your full paper or related sources.答案:正确35. A formal review of literature should be in the Introduction section of aresearch paper.答案:错误。
论文写作2(Academic Paper Writing)
relation of equivalence.
ST≈TT or
TT≈ST
This is an approach that has close links with
contrastive linguistics and puts language system
rather than texts on either side of the relation:
We define research broadly as a systematic investigation towards increasing the sum of knowledge. Innovation is vital if a discipline is to grow and prosper.
These models are attempts to construct images of the object of study, images that hopefully make it easier to visualize, understand and analyse. In your own research project, you might take a ready model and simply use its framework and concepts unchanged or you might adapt a given model to your own purposes. Translation Studies has traditionally used three basic types of models.
• Comparative Models
The earliest theoretical model of translation was
academicwritingforgraduatestud
academicwritingforgraduatestud摘要：1.学术写作的重要性2.学术写作的特征3.学术写作的技巧和策略4.提升学术写作能力的方法正文：一、学术写作的重要性在研究生阶段，学术写作是一项必不可少的技能。
无论是撰写课程论文、毕业论文，还是发表学术研究成果，都需要运用到学术写作。
学术写作不仅可以帮助我们更好地表达观点，还可以锻炼我们的思维能力和组织能力，为我们未来的学术和职业生涯奠定基础。
二、学术写作的特征学术写作有其独特的特征，包括：1.客观性：学术写作要求我们以客观的态度对待研究对象，尽量避免主观色彩。
2.逻辑性：学术写作需要我们按照一定的逻辑顺序组织文章结构，使读者容易理解。
3.严谨性：学术写作要求我们使用准确的语言和严谨的论述，避免模糊不清的表述。
4.原创性：学术写作强调原创性，要求我们在研究过程中尽量保持独立思考，避免抄袭他人成果。
三、学术写作的技巧和策略为了提高学术写作水平，我们可以采用以下技巧和策略：1.明确写作目标：在开始写作之前，明确写作目标，有助于我们更有针对性地进行写作。
2.充分准备材料：收集和整理足够的资料，以确保文章内容充实、有说服力。
3.构建合理的文章结构：根据论文类型和主题，构建合适的文章结构，使文章条理清晰。
4.采用恰当的引用方式：正确引用文献，既可以避免抄袭，又可以增加文章的权威性。
四、提升学术写作能力的方法要想提升学术写作能力，可以从以下几个方面入手：1.多阅读：阅读优秀的学术论文和专著，学习他人的写作方法和技巧。
2.多写作：通过多写作，不断积累经验，提高自己的写作水平。
3.多修改：在写作过程中，不断修改和完善文章，以提高文章质量。
4.参加学术写作课程或研讨会：通过参加学术写作课程或研讨会，了解学术写作的最新动态和技巧，拓展自己的视野。
总之，学术写作对于研究生而言具有重要意义。
Intro to Academic Writing(适合学术英语写作、四六级考试)
Dear students,A Brief Introduction to the Course ofAcademic WritingLet me begin by informing you that your success in this course will depend a lot on the extent to which you understand this introduction; always keep it in mind, and always apply it in your writing homework assignments and other essays written under the course.A) Alternative Names for the CourseThe following alternative names that we may use for this course may help you get an idea of what this course is all about and the method, style, or approach that we are going to be using in our essays.i)Academic Essay Writingii)Research Project Writingiii)Research Methodologyiv)Thesis Writingv)Position Paper Writingvi)ArgumentationB) Some General Things to Keep in Mind aboutAcademic Writing1) Academic Writing is Different from other forms of writing.The first thing I would like you to keep in mind about Academic Writing is that, as its name suggests, it is DIFFERENT from the other forms of writing such as literature and/or fiction; including prose, poetry, play/drama etc. Unlike the other forms of writing in which the writer may just express his/her emotions and imaginations, and use any style that pleases him/her including description, narration and suspense, Academic Papers, Writings, Works, or Projects are usually based on existing social realities, issues, and facts.2) Academic Writing is not Creative Writing, and there is no fiction in it.It is worth reiterating that Academic Writing is “not Creative Writing”like fictions in which the writer can apply his/her imaginative skills and use a lot of imaginary or “made up” information. Virtually all the academic essays that you will ever write will be about and/or base on real social phenomena and issues, and not imagined ones. That is why all your essays would be based on facts, reasoning or logic, andevidences.3) In Academic Writing, we use the Research and Writing methods used in the Social Sciences.Given that virtually all the topics, issues, and phenomena to be written about in Academic Writing are social realities, I will be teaching you (and requiring you to use) the research and writing methods used in the Social Sciences, and not those “free-style”methods used in the in the Arts, including literature, and neither the simple description and narration used in the Natural Sciences. I would advice you to prepare yourselves for thinking or reasoning and writing like Social Science students. They are logical, analytical, convincing (with persuasion and evidence), and coherent in their presentations. And since their information and pieces of evidence are never based on imagination, they always acknowledge their sources through paraphrases and quotations which are further documented in their footnotes or endnotes.4) The main, if not the only writing style used in Academic Writings is that of Argumentation – It is like debating by way of writing. Having said that Academic Writing is not Creative Writing, and thus the writing style used is not “free-style”, let’s look at the style used in Academic Writing. It is called “Argumentation”. It has been mentioned above (perhaps repeatedly) that virtually all our academic essays will be based on real social topics, phenomena, and/or issues. And, as you know, virtually all social topics are controversial and thus debatable. So, Academic Writing is like Debating, though this time, it is done in writing. Every debater or academic writer must be able to begin by quickly presenting the topic and its “Problematic”or the controversy and then “making a clear or unambiguous and balanced argument”or “taking a clear or unmistakable stance”, or call it “a clear and unequivocal position”, or stating a clear thesis”. With this method of Argumentation, the writer must state his/her argument/thesis/stance/position on the issue as early as possible before using the rest of the essay to explain, substantiate, support, and/or prove that his/her argument is correct and the best. The Thesis (usually stated in the introduction or very early in the essay) is the main argument of the essay. But within the essay, the writer will use many smaller arguments to support the big or main argument. And the writer must conclude by making a summary of all such smaller arguments which he/she has used to support and prove his/her main argument as correct. –see the section on the Structure of an Academic Essay.5) An academic Writing must be an unbiased or objective and comprehensive or holistic analysis of the topic or issue under discussion.In addition to being coherent and logical, any Academic Writer that would like to be respected must do his/her best to be a neutral or unbiased and objective analyst. The academic writer must try to keep all personal emotions and sentiments out of his/her analyses. For example, he/she must not support Country X simply because he/she is a citizen or national of the country; he/she must not support the students or the school administrators simply because he/she is one of them; she must not support women simply because she is female, and he must not support the men simply because he is male. He/or she has to be rational, objective, and honest with the facts.6) The academic writer must demonstrate critical thinkingThis is connected to being comprehensive and holistic as mentioned above. But it goes beyond that. The analyses in an academic essay should not only examine all the sides of the issue, but should also critically examine the truthfulness of all assertions and claims. The academic writer must not just assume that some statement or assertion is true. There should be a reason to believe it, and such a reason should be expressed to convince the reader.7) The Academic Writing Course does not only teach you how to write short essays. It prepares you for the writing of Long Essays or Research Projects and even Social Science books, why not? In fact, the essays we will be writing in class or as homework assignments would be microcosms (or very small versions) of books. The scopes of the topics can be expanded, and the paragraphs can be turned into chapters.8) Academic writers must acknowledge the sources of any information in their writings, which is not from their personal firsthand observation and interpretation.Plagiarism or copying/stealing of information from some existing materials without acknowledging the author and source would be allowed.C) On the Structure of an Academic EssayI think it is well know to all of your that all essays have three main structural parts, which are the Introduction; the Body; and the Conclusion.(1) The Introduction of an Academic EssayI would like remind you that the most important structural part of an essay is the introduction, and it usually contains the two most important statements or sentences of an academic essay – that is, the Topic Statement and the Thesis Statements.A. The Topic Statement. This should be the very first sentence of your introduction and, therefore, the very first sentence of your whole essay or book. The topic statement should serve as “The Problematic”for your essay (research project or book). The Problematic refers to the problem(or host of problems) about some topic or issue, which urge you to write and provide a solution. The Problematic could also be some worry (or worries), some doubt(s), some confusion, and/or some controversy (or controversies) that you as a thinker and writer would like to clarify, explain, and or settle –hopefully, once and forever. The problematic should serve as the basis, the foundation, the root, the premise, the starting point, the springboard, the watershed, and/or “the reason to be” of your research project or book. After reading through the first sentence of your introduction, the reader should be able to immediately know or guess why you are writing the paper, research project, or book (or what urges you to write it). For you to feel inspired to write (or just to find your writing process interesting and worth enduring), you have to have “the problematic”–you have to have a problem to solve. Y ou have to feel that your research project or book would be useful or helpful to some people out there, and you have to show clearly, through your topic statement, who those beneficiaries are or would be. In fact there would be no need to write an Academic Essay or a Research Project if you can’t feel and show that you have a contribution to make not just to knowledge, but also to providing a solution to some existing academic or social or cultural problem(s).Talking about social problems, I would like to remind you again, that youwould be using the research methodology used in Social Sciences and not the methodology used in the Natural Sciences. So, I expect you to rely more on the style and skills of argumentation and not simple description and narration. Even though you are students of English Language, a subject that would be classified as belonging to the arts, your research projects would mainly be about socio-cultural issues and topics, virtually all of which are controversial or debatable. This is why you should use the method of argumentation and not simple narration or description.Y our topic statement should be a comprehensive, technical, and encompassing sentence that says as much as possible about the problem(s) that make the research project necessary. So I don’t expect to see a topic sentence that is made of only five words or so. Well, the topic sentence may immediately be followed by a few other sentences that help to show that the problem(s) really exist, are serious or relevant, and really deserve(s) the attention of both the researcher/writer and the readers.B. The Thesis Statement.After using the topic statement and a few supporting sentences to show the problems or controversies that form the basis or premise and reason-to-be of your paper or research project, you need to clearly state your thesis – your argument, position, point of view, belief, or opinion about the issue or controversy in question.Y our thesis statement should be followed by a brief statement or mention of the underlying assumptions, reasons, or beliefs that lead you to believe that your argument is the correct and is the best. Y ou may link your Thesis statement and your underlying assumptions or beliefs with such words or phrases like: “because”, “given that”, “considering that” etc.(2) The Body of an Academic Essay-The body of an essay is that section (after the introduction) in which the writer uses many paragraphs to make smaller arguments and/or analyze and interpret pieces of evidence in support of the main argument (the thesis) of the essay.-Each paragraph should begin with a Topic Sentence, which clearly introduces the reader to its content and purpose. The Topic Sentence (the first sentence of the paragraph) or the last sentence of the paragraph should also perform two other functions. The first is to create a sense of coherence by linking the current previous one and showing that the latter is a logical follow-up of the former. The second is to show that the information is the paragraph is relevant to the topic and especially to the main argument or thesis of the essay. The important duty of illustration or demonstrating relevance and coherence may also be performed by the last sentence of the paragraph.(3) The Conclusion of an Academic EssayAs mentioned earlier, an academic essay must end with a conclusion – a final paragraph which begins with a brief summary that serves as a reminder to the reader of the various points or arguments and main pieces of evidence that have been used to support and/or prove the case or main argument/thesis of the writer. The write r mustthen reconfirm his/her thesis (the original argument of the essay) by asserting that the just summarized points naturally and logically lead to such a stance or position on the controversial issue.- Keep in mind that the conclusion of an essay should only be one paragraph, and no new smaller arguments or claims should be made in the conclusion because there would be no more time and space to defend them. Any new points, arguments, or pieces of evidence should be introduced and discussed in paragraphs before the final and concluding one.D) The Practical Significance or Importance ofLearning the Skills of Academic WritingThis course will teach the students how to study, examine, and/or analyze all the aspects or sides of a controversial social issue or phenomenon before “taking an informed stance or position”, or “making an informed and well-considered choice or decision”, or “offering a well-informed opinion”. This is very important given that virtually all issues (even the very little ones) in our society and daily lives have many sides or aspects and thus are controversial to certain extents. But the course does not only teach you to take clever or informed stances or positions on issues, or make informed social choices or decisions, it also teaches you to defend your position, stance, or decision and to convince others that such a stance/position or decision is the best. By teaching you to make informed choices and decisions, and to defend your positions and convince others to agree with you, this course prepares you for better leadership in families, enterprises, and the government. Good leaders must be able to study controversial issues, make informed decisions or take clever stances/positions, and convince their co-workers and everyone concerned that his/her decision was the best.This course will teach you to research a topic, think critically, make an argument, organize your thoughts, and present them in a clear and forceful writing.。
Academic+Writing+for+Research+Students
Anderson(1985), for example, provides evidences of the great importance of prior knowledge in reading comprehension.
Source: Swales and Feak (2009) Academic Writing For Graduate Students. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press
Why do we write?
It’s the union card for academia You all have to suffer like earlier academics did! In the process, you will learn How to research How to write
Examples:
The present study has its significance for this researcher herself, the students and the teachers from XXXX College, or perhaps, for other researchers, students and teachers beyond this college.
An example
These questions will be addressed as the central topics in the next section.
Lastly, the end paragraph or chapter constitutes a conclusion in which you may summarise the overall points made, but obviously not every single one, as there is often never the word space to do so.
大学毕业继续深造还是工作英语作文
大学毕业继续深造还是工作英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1To Study More or Start Working? That is the Question!Hi there! My name is Tommy and I'm just a 3rd grader, but I've been thinking a lot about what I want to do after I graduate from college someday. It's a super tough decision that I'm sure all college students struggle with. On one hand, going straight into the working world and getting a job sounds exciting. But on the other hand, spending a few more years as a student to get an even higher degree could be really cool too. Let me share my thoughts with you!If I chose to start working right after college, I could finally put all that learning into action. No more endless readings, lectures, essays and exams! Instead, I'd be in the real world, solving real problems and helping real people every day. How awesome is that? I'd also get to start earning my own money. After being a poor college student for so many years, just imagine how nice it would feel to get an actual paycheck! With asteady income, I could get my own place, buy whatever I want, and be totally independent from my parents. Freedom at last!Getting work experience straight out of college would also allow me to get a head start in my career. I'll be ahead of my peers who stayed in school. With a few years of hard work under my belt, I could quickly climb up the ladder and get promotions faster than others my age. Who knows, I might even become the youngest CEO or business owner in history if I'm really dedicated! The connections and skills I gain from working would make it so much easier to achieve my dreams, compared to being stuck on a campus.However, the more I think about it, continuing my studies doesn't sound like a bad idea either. While working is important, education is powerful in its own way. By going to graduate school for a Master's or even a PhD, I could take my knowledge and expertise in my field of interest to the next level. The advanced training would make me an absolute pro at what I do. Companies would be lining up to hire someone like me because I'd have qualifications that most people don't. I'd be a very valuable employee!Staying in academia for a while longer would also surround me with the brightest minds. My professors would beworld-leading experts who could mentor me closely. Collaborating with them and other talented students on research projects could lead to new groundbreaking discoveries that really impress future employers. If I'm feeling entrepreneurial, the innovations we create could potentially turn into a successful startup too! Universities are breeding grounds for creativity that working at an ordinary company can't replicate.Not to mention, student life is just so fun and comfortable. Going to classes with friends, living in dorms, joining clubs, attending parties and sporting events - that's the life! As a professional, I'd have so many more responsibilities and way less free time. Staying in school for a few extra years means I can prolong my youthful days before becoming a full-fledged adult with a mortgage, family and all those headaches. Why rush into the real world when I can bask in the relatively low-stress university environment for as long as possible?After weighing both paths, I can see clear advantages and disadvantages to each choice. Getting started in a career provides financial freedom, work experience and the chance to start pursuing my ambitions. But additional schooling means more learning, being surrounded by brilliant people, having fun as a student and potentially making the next big breakthrough inmy field. It's honestly impossible for me to decide right now since I'm just a kid who hasn't experienced either world yet!I guess when the time comes for me to actually make this decision as a newly-graduated college student, I'll have to carefully consider my unique goals, situation and interests at that point. If my passion is becoming an academic researcher or professor, then a PhD would make total sense. But if I'm eager to become an entrepreneur or business leader, entonces going straight into the workforce is probably better. Maybe I'll even take a year off between college and grad school to try working for a bit before deciding! No matter what I choose, as long as I pursue my dreams wholeheartedly, I'm sure I'll end up being successful and happy. Isn't that what life is all about?Well, thanks for listening to my rambling thoughts! I realize this was a very adult topic for a 9-year-old like me to ponder. But hey, it's never too early to start planning for the future, right? I still have over a decade before I'll actually face this dilemma, so I've got plenty of time to make up my mind. For now, I'll just keep studying hard, having fun with my friends, and enjoying my responsibility-free childhood while it lasts!篇2Here's an essay on whether to pursue further studies or start working after college graduation, written from the perspective of an elementary school student in around 2000 words:Should I Keep Studying or Get a Job After College?Hi there! My name is Tommy, and I'm a 10-year-old kid in the 5th grade. I know what you're thinking – why is a little kid like me writing about college and jobs? Well, you see, I've been thinking a lot about my future lately, and I wanted to share my thoughts with you.You see, my big brother Joey just graduated from college last month. He's super smart and always got good grades. Now that he's done with school, he has to decide what to do next. Should he keep studying and go for a master's degree or a Ph.D.? Or should he start looking for a job and start earning money?It's a tough choice, and I've been listening to my parents and Joey talk about it a lot. They keep using big words like "career prospects," "financial stability," and "intellectual fulfillment." To be honest, I don't really understand all of those grown-up terms. But I do know one thing – Joey seems really confused and stressed out about this decision.From what I can gather, there are pros and cons to both options. If Joey keeps studying, he'll get to learn more cool stuff and become an expert in his field. Plus, people with higher degrees often get paid more money when they finally start working. But it also means spending a few more years as a broke student, living off instant noodles and scraping by with little to no income.On the other hand, if Joey gets a job right away, he'll start making money and gaining real-world experience. He could finally move out of our parents' basement and get his own place. But he might miss out on the opportunity to really dive deep into his passion and become a true master of his subject.Personally, if I were in Joey's shoes, I think I would keep studying for a little while longer. Sure, being a student can be tough, but I love learning new things, and the idea of becoming a super-smart expert sounds kind of awesome. Plus, I've seen how hard my parents work at their jobs, and the idea of having to do that right away after college seems exhausting.But then again, I'm just a kid. What do I know about the real world and all the responsibilities that come with being an adult? Maybe getting a job and starting to earn money is the moreresponsible thing to do. That way, Joey could start saving up for his own house or start a family someday.I guess the bottom line is that there's no one-size-fits-all answer. It really depends on Joey's specific goals, interests, and financial situation. Maybe he could even do both – workpart-time while continuing his studies at a slower pace. Or maybe he could take a year or two off to work and then go back to school later on.Whichever path he chooses, I just hope Joey ends up happy and fulfilled. Education is important, but so is finding a job you love and being able to support yourself and your future family. As long as he follows his heart and does what feels right for him, I'm sure he'll make the best decision.And who knows, maybe in 10 or 15 years, I'll be the one facing this same dilemma. Will I want to keep studying forever and become a crazy old professor with way too many degrees? Or will I be ready to dive into the working world and start making my mark on the world? Only time will tell, I suppose.For now, I'll just focus on being a kid – playing video games, riding my bike, and dreading the endless piles of homework my teachers keep assigning. Adulthood and all its big decisions can wait a little while longer. But I'll be sure to keep an eye on howthings go for Joey. His experience might just help me figure out my own path when the time comes.Anyway, that's my two cents on the whole studying vs. working debate. Like I said, I'm just a kid, so what do I know? But I hopemy ramblings gave you something to think about, or at least provided a few laughs along the way. If nothing else, I'm pretty sure this essay will earn me some bonus points with my English teacher! Thanks for reading, and best of luck to all you college grads out there facing this tough decision.篇3Should I Keep Going to School or Get a Job After College?Hi there! My name is Timmy and I'm 8 years old. I'm already thinking about what I'll do after college because my parents and teachers are always talking about how important it is to plan for the future. They say I need to decide if I want to keep studying and going to even more school, or if I want to get a job right after I graduate from college. It's a really big decision!My parents met in college and they both went to a lot of extra school after that before they got jobs. My dad went to medical school for like a million years to become a doctor. Mymom went to law school for a really long time too to become a lawyer. They're both really smart!Sometimes they try to convince me that I should stay in school forever like they did. My dad says "Timmy, the more education you get, the more you'll learn and the better jobs you can get. You should at least get a master's degree after college. Maybe even a PhD!"My mom says "Don't be in such a hurry to join the rat race, Timothy. Academia is a noble pursuit. Perhaps you could become a professor and make important discoveries that help mankind." Wow, helping all of humankind does sound awesome!But then other times, my parents hint that I shouldn't keep studying too much and should start working pretty quick after college. My dad mumbles things like "So much student debt...a lifelong financial burden." My mom complains "Opportunity cost...years and years without a real salary."My friend Billy's parents seem to have the opposite view from mine. They're always pressuring Billy about getting a job right after college. His dad is like "No more schooling after college, William! Time to join the workforce and start making some money." His mom says "Don't become one of those perpetual students who never grows up and gets a real job."Personally, I can see some good reasons to keep studying after college, but also some benefits to just getting a job instead. Let me break it down.Reasons to Keep Studying:You gain more knowledge and expertise in your field of study. The deeper you go, the smarter you get! My parents didn't just become a doctor and lawyer automatically. They had to work really hard in school for a very long time to learn everything they needed to know.Having an advanced degree like a masters or PhD can help you get better jobs and a higher salary. The kids at school whose parents went to the most school always seem to be the richest. They have all the cool toys!If you go into research or academia, you can make revolutionary discoveries that help people. Like Jonas Salk invented the polio vaccine and saved millions from that awful disease. Or Marie Curie advanced our understanding of radiation. How great would it be to achieve something that important?!Staying in school lets you keep learning at your own pace without the stresses of a job. No annoying boss, strict schedule, rush hour traffic, or bringing work home every night.College is the BEST! Frat parties, sports, clubs, sleeping in late, vacations...who would want to give that up so soon?Reasons to Get a Job After College:You start earning money right away instead of spending more years as a broke student. My friend Billy's parents drive a much nicer car than my parents because they've been working and making cash for way longer.By working instead of staying in school, you gain real world work experience earlier. You can start getting promotions, raises, and working your way up the corporate ladder. My dad's friend Jason stayed in college forever getting like 5 degrees and now he's way behind in his career compared to people who just went straight to the workplace.No more tests or homework! You're done being a student after college so you don't have to stress about grades, writing papers, or taking exams for the rest of your life.At a job, you're an adult making your own money to spend on fun things like games, sports篇4Should I Keep Going to School or Get a Job After College?Hi there! My name is Tommy and I'm 8 years old. I've been thinking a lot about what I want to do after I finish college. It seems like a really tough choice – do I keep studying to get an even higher degree or do I start working and making money? There are good things and bad things about both options.If I keep going to school after college, I could get a master's degree or even a PhD! How cool would it be to be called "Doctor Tommy"? I'd get to learn a whole lot more about whatever subject I'm really interested in. Maybe I'll study dinosaurs and fossils or black holes and galaxies or tiny microbes that live all around us. The professors seem to know absolutely everything!Staying in school longer does sound super hard though. I already have to do a bunch of homework and study for tests in elementary school. I can't imagine how much work it must be in college or graduate school. My older cousin Billy is getting his master's degree right now and he's always stressed out and complaining about all the reading and papers he has to write. No thank you!Another downside is that it costs a lot of money to stay in school. My parents are always talking about saving up for my college tuition. I'm sure grad school costs even more. If I work instead, I could start making my own money. Then I wouldn'thave to ask my parents for an allowance anymore. They'd be so proud that I'm being independent and responsible!On the other hand, some of the coolest jobs require you to go to school for a really long time. If I want to be a doctor and help sick people or be a scientist who makes amazing new discoveries, I'll probably have to get a doctoral degree. That means around 12 more years of school after high school! Yikes, I'll be as old as my dad by then. Maybe it's worth it though to have such an important job.Getting a job after college could be a nice break from academics too. I could get out and explore the "real world" that grown-ups are always talking about. I wouldn't be stuck inside reading books and writing papers all day. If I got a job, I could start traveling to new places instead of being stuck on campus. My friend Taylor's older brother works for an airline and he gets to fly for free to awesome vacation spots!There are a lot of different types of jobs I could try too. I could work at an exciting tech company, wear a suit and work at an office, or maybe get a more casual job at a store or restaurant. It would be fun to make my own money, be independent, and decide what I want to do without my parents' input. No more of them saying "Time for homework!" or "You'd better clean yourroom young man." As a working adult, I could come and go as I please.Then again, a lot of the jobs that let you do that don't pay very well. My uncle Jason works as a cashier at the grocery store and he's pretty much broke all the time from his tiny paychecks. He can't afford to go on vacations or buy very much. Lame! The highest-paying careers like being a doctor, lawyer, or CEO require you to study a ton after college from what I've heard.I could always try working for a few years before going back for further degrees too. That's what some of my older neighbors' kids did. They worked basic office jobs until they saved up enough money to pay for graduate school. That might be the best solution – getting some "real world" experience through working but also leaving the door open to become a professional with a master's or PhD later on.This is a really tough decision! No matter what though, I'll be sure to work super hard in school from now until I graduate college. That way, I'll have the best chances for getting into a good grad program or landing my dream job. Listening to my teachers, doing my homework, and acing those spelling tests is the way to go for now. I've got my whole life to make this decision!Whew, that was a lot of writing for a kid my age. I'm getting kind of tired so I'll quit here. Let me know if you have any other questions! Maybe we can discuss them over some ice cream sundaes. Yum!篇5Going to College or Getting a Job? What I'll Do After UniversityHi there! My name is Jamie and I'm 8 years old. I'm already thinking about what I'll do after I graduate from university one day. It's a super important decision that will impact my whole life!My parents and teachers always say I should continue my education as far as possible. They tell me that having a college or university degree will open up way more doors and opportunities for me in the future. With a good degree, I could get a really cool job that pays well and lets me use my brain a lot. Maybe I could be a scientist discovering new things, or an engineer building awesome machines and bridges, or a doctor helping sick people get better. All of those careers sound fun and rewarding.But then some of my older cousins and friends say I should just start working right after university so I can start making money faster. They say more school is too expensive and takes too many extra years. With a bachelor's degree, I could already get hired at a decent company and wouldn't have to go into massive debt paying tuition and living expenses for a few more years of advanced study. I could buy a car and house sooner and really be an independent adult.There are pros and cons to each path. If I do go to graduate school like getting a master's or PhD, yeah it would delay me from joining the full-time workforce and starting to truly earn big. But the payoff could be amazing - way higher lifetime earnings, prestige, ability to get into top fields, and really maxing out my potential. With more qualifications, I'd be trained to an expert level and be super employable anywhere. Doctors, lawyers, scientists, and other specialized careers pretty much require those advanced degrees nowadays.On the other hand, if I start working at 22 with just a bachelor's, I would be making real money years before my friends who go to grad school. That's more time to build up savings, get work experience, and start moving up at a company.I could take fun vacations, buy nice things, and really enjoy thatfreedom and independence earlier. And it's not like a bachelor's degree is nothing - it would still allow me to get a pretty good job and have great career options available.Hmm, it's such a tough choice! Part of me really wants to follow my passions and natural talents/interests as far as possible through academia. If I'm really gifted at something like math, science, writing, or art, why wouldn't I want to take that ability to the highest level and have the most impact? Becoming a true master in a field would be so cool and fulfilling. But then again, many successful business leaders and entrepreneurs didn't need crazy credentials beyond a bachelor's degree. If I have good real-world skills, work ethic, and people smarts, maybe I could still end up doing very well for myself without the extra initials after my name.I have a bit of time before needing to make up my mind. For now, I'll focus on doing really well in school, finding my passions and what I'm best at, and exploring different career paths. Who knows, maybe I'll decide to be an author or athlete or start my own company someday, and then none of these typicalstudy/work decisions would apply! The great thing is, I have so many possibilities ahead of me. As long as I work hard, maybemy dreams can become realities no matter which specific road I take after university. The future is awfully exciting!篇6To Go to More School or Get a Job After College?Hi there! My name is Tommy and I'm a 3rd grader. I've been thinking a lot about what I want to do when I grow up and finish college. It's a really tough decision because there are good reasons to keep studying and good reasons to start working right away. Let me tell you about some of the things I've been considering.One big advantage of continuing your education after college is that you can become a true expert in your field. If you want to be a doctor, lawyer, professor, or researcher, you pretty much have to go to even more school after your bachelor's degree. By getting a master's degree, doctorate, or professional degree, you'll learn everything there is to know about your subject. You'll be at the cutting edge and can make really important discoveries or help lots of people with your skills. Just think how cool it would be to find the cure for a disease or argue a landmark case in front of the Supreme Court! Thoseopportunities are only open to people with the most advanced degrees.Another perk of being a professional student for many more years is that you get to stay on campus and enjoy that lifestyle. As an undergrad, you likely had a lot of freedom, lived among friends, and could focus solely on learning without too many other responsibilities. By continuing on as a grad student, you get to extend that carefree time of intellectual growth andself-discovery. You'll be able to keep making amazing friendships, join clubs, go to parties, and just have fun being young without the grind of a full-time job. That sounds pretty awesome to me!On the flip side, all of that extra schooling is really expensive and means delaying your ability to start earning money for a long time. The cost of tuition, fees, books, housing, and everything else for several more years of school easily runs into the hundreds of thousands of dollars. That's a huge amount of debt to take on, especially if you're not certain about your career path. It's a massive financial risk. And even if you do have your heart set on being a doctor or lawyer, that's nearly a decade of your life where you can't buy a house, build up savings, or start a family because you're a struggling student again.There's also the opportunity cost of all those years where you can't start working and moving up the career ladder right away. If you decide against more school and take an entry-level job out of college, you'll be getting real-world work experience that students miss out on. You'll learn invaluable skills and start getting promotions, raises, and building your professional reputation. By the time a new grad finally earns their PhD a decade later, you could already be 10 years into your career and way ahead professionally and financially. Success often goes to those who get an early start.So as you can see, it's a tough call with very legitimate points on both sides. For some people, the desire to become a true expert and have those letters after their name is worth any cost. They'll feel endlessly fulfilled in their profession and love what they do. For others, the appeal of a paycheck, independence, and getting their life started sooner outweighs any extra academic achievements.Me personally, I'm really torn. Part of me would love to stay in school forever and keep learning about all the amazing things that exist in this world. An interdisciplinary PhD where I could study chemistry, astrophysics, marine biology, you name it - that would be my dream! I'm totally a nerd at heart. But then again, Ialso really want to start making money, buy a house, get a dog, and experience freedom at some point too. So maybe I'll get a bachelor's degree and then re-evaluate whether more school is necessary for the specific career I want. It's great to have options!What do you think you'll do after college? Let me know! This is a decision we'll all need to grapple with before too long. But for now, I think I'll just keep working hard in elementary school so I have the best chances to make it to college in the first place. Baby steps! Let me know what you decide when the time comes. This adult stuff sure is confusing to think about as a kid. Thanks for listening!。
学位英语作文判分
学位英语作文判分Academic Writing: The Journey to Achieving a DegreePursuing a degree is a significant milestone in an individual's academic and personal growth. For many, the process of writing an academic essay as part of the degree requirements can be both daunting and rewarding. The assessment of these essays plays a crucial role in determining the overall success of a student's academic journey. In this essay, we will delve into the intricacies of academic writing and the factors that contribute to the effective evaluation of degree-level essays.Academic writing is a unique form of expression that requires a deep understanding of the subject matter, a well-structured and organized approach, and a clear and concise communication style. The primary purpose of academic writing is to present a well-researched and well-reasoned argument that contributes to the existing body of knowledge in a particular field. This type of writing is often characterized by the use of formal language, a focus on objectivity, and a reliance on credible sources to support the claims made within the essay.One of the key aspects of academic writing is the ability to effectively structure and organize the essay. A well-structured essay typically follows a clear and logical flow, with an introduction that presents the main argument, body paragraphs that develop and support the argument, and a conclusion that summarizes the key points and draws a final conclusion. The organization of the essay is crucial in ensuring that the reader can easily follow the thread of the argument and understand the main points being made.In addition to the structure of the essay, the quality of the content is also a critical factor in the assessment of degree-level essays. Assessors are looking for evidence of a deep understanding of the subject matter, a critical analysis of the relevant literature, and a well-reasoned and well-supported argument. This requires extensive research, the ability to synthesize information from multiple sources, and a clear and coherent presentation of the key ideas.Another important aspect of academic writing is the use of appropriate language and style. Assessors are looking for essays that demonstrate a mastery of grammar, spelling, and punctuation, as well as a clear and concise writing style that is free of unnecessary jargon or ambiguity. The use of formal and academic language is also important, as it helps to convey a sense of professionalism and intellectual rigor.The assessment of degree-level essays is a complex process that involves a range of factors, including the quality of the content, the structure and organization of the essay, the use of appropriate language and style, and the overall coherence and clarity of the argument. Assessors typically use a range of criteria to evaluate the essays, such as the depth and breadth of the research, the quality of the analysis and critical thinking, the effectiveness of the argument, and the overall clarity and coherence of the writing.One of the key challenges in the assessment of degree-level essays is the need to ensure consistency and fairness across a large number of essays. Assessors must be able to apply the same set of criteria to each essay, and must be able to provide clear and constructive feedback to students on areas for improvement. This can be a time-consuming and resource-intensive process, and can require the use of specialized assessment tools and techniques.Despite these challenges, the assessment of degree-level essays remains a critical component of the academic process. By providing students with detailed feedback and guidance on their writing, assessors can help to improve the overall quality of academic writing and contribute to the development of critical thinking and research skills. Additionally, the assessment process can help to identify areas where additional support or resources may be needed, and can inform the development of curriculum and teaching strategies tobetter meet the needs of students.In conclusion, the assessment of degree-level essays is a complex and multifaceted process that requires a deep understanding of the principles of academic writing and a commitment to ensuring fairness and consistency in the evaluation of student work. By focusing on the quality of the content, the structure and organization of the essay, and the use of appropriate language and style, assessors can help to ensure that students are equipped with the skills and knowledge necessary to succeed in their academic and professional pursuits.。
A Book Review of Academic Writing for Graduate Students
A Book Review of Academic Writing for Graduate StudentsGraduate students will face a mass of writing lasks during studying for their chosen degrees. Naturally, the challenges that students face vary with corresponding degrees. However, they are also similar in two aspects. The first thing is that the tasks will be more complex and stricter than ever. The other one is that they need to be written “academically”.This textbook of Academic Writing for Graduate Students is designed to help people who are not native speakers of English yet are studying for graduate degrees-at both masters and doctoral levels-through or partly through the medium of English with their academic writing. This book is primarily based on teaching materials insights and findings derived from the growing number of studies of teachers at research universities in the United States. It consists of eight units. In the first six units of this textbook, the writing tasks that may be required in the earlier stages of a graduate career are discussed. Unit One presents an overview of the considerations involved in successful academic writing, with an emphasis on the concept of positioning. Units Two and Three deal with two important patterns in English expository writing: the movement from general to specific and the movement from problem to solution. Unit Four acts as a crucial link between the earlier and later units, since it deals with how to handle the discussion of data. Units Five and Six deal with writing summaries and critiques respectively. Finally, Units Seven and Eight deal with constructing a real research paper, that is, one that might be submitted for publication.As a graduate student, I suggest most graduate shtdents or teachers read it. For a student, it sonsists of much academic Ehglish knowledge and guide you to write an academic English research paper. It is well-known that academic writing is a product of many considerations: audience, purpose, organization, style, flow, and presentation.Some of us may not realize this fact deeply that the audience for most graduate students will be an instructor, who is possibly quite knowledgeable about the assigned writing topic. So that the writer's purpose is, naturally, to display familiarity, expertise, and intelligence rather than to explain knowledge. For a teacher who impart knowledge to students, it provides them with some techniques on writing and teaching experience. The common English that we have learned ever can not meet the requirements in writing an academic English writing now. All of these require us mastering more knowledge on professional writing.First and foremost, readers should understand what they want to express and how they express as pointed out in the textbook when writing an acadimic English paper.When you read an research paper, you may think that it is a simple, straightforward account of an investigation—indeed, papers are often designed to create this impression. However, we believe that such impressions are largely misleading. Writers of papers operate in a strategic manner. This is principally because such writers know that papers have to justify themselves. They need to establish that the research questions are sufficiently interesting. They need to demonstrate that the research questions are, in theory, answerable. And they need to compete against other papers for acceptance and recognition. As a result, authors are very much concerned with positioning—with showing that their studies are relevant and significant and have some new contribution to make.On the other hand, we know that different sections have thus become identified withdifferent purposes. Among them, Introduction and Discussion are important and take much time to contruct. It is widely recognized that writing introductions is slow, difficult, and troublesome for both native speakers as well as nonnative speakers. The process of writing introductions in Unit Eight can be worth learning. Most readers, including me, have no idea how to write a profect introduction and what should be written in the introduction. From this book, we have a clear outline. Some informatiuon must be written in the section. Introducing and reviewing items of previous research in the chosen area and indicating a gap in the previous research, raising a question about it, or extending previous knowledge in some way and outlining purposes or stating the nature of the present research are necessary. The section of discussion is the core of a research paper. Because it shows the writer’s working and achievement. Also the limitations of your study should be pointed outAlthough every unit deals with a point during writing an academic English paper, it does not mean that it ignore the surface features of grammar and phraseology. Each unit typically contains two or three language focus sections that step away from rhetoric in order to deal with some linguistic feature. It help readers understanding deeply the structure of a paper. At the same time, it introduces grammar. For example, Unit Two deals with definitions and Unit Five deals with assignment summary and it also discusses nominal that-clauses.It is noticed that academic English features complexity and instability. Especially at the graduate level, there are clear differences among texts typical of the arts (or humanities), the social sciences, the natural sciences, the life sciences, and those produced in professional schools such as engineering or architecture. This textbook may be suited for all graduate students. But for most students, it is a good guide.In a word, this textbook is a fairly fast-paced course taking nonnative speaker graduate students opening with a basic orientation and closing with writing an article for publication. Readers can study independently with the help of corresponding comment.。
Unit 2 Academic Writing【研究生专业英语】
Academic Writing Skills.au/tldinfo/writingskills/podcasts/nursingwritingskills09.pptgenre: a style of expressingyourself in writingWhether you’re a studentsor supervisors, academic writing skills are significant in today’sworld.EssaysReports PresentationsResearch papers Final thesisare just some examples ofdocuments written in the academic style.an analytic or interpretive literary compositionAcademic writing, when used appropriately, presents a polished and professional image.Academic writing skillsencompass:¾strong composition ¾excellent grammar¾a consistent stylistic approach[in'k ʌmp əs]include in scope [stai'listik]perfected or made shiny and smoothof or relating to style(especially in the use oflanguage) It is a learnt skill, rather thana natural ability or quality.2. What is academic writing?Academic writing refers to a particular styleof expression in academia.3. Features of Academic WritingAcademic writing in English is linear, which means it has onecentral point or theme with every part contributing to the main lineof argument, without digressions or repetitions . [dai'gre ʃən]a message that departs from the main subject[.repi'ti ʃən]ComplexityWritten language is relatively more complex than spoken language.FormalityAcademic writing is relativelyformal. In general this means that you should avoid colloquial words.PrecisionIn academic writing, facts andfigures are given precisely .ObjectivityWritten language is in generalobjective. Academic writing tends to use nouns (and adjectives), rather than verbs (and adverbs).Exp’licitnessAcademic writing is explicit about the relationships in the text.AccuracyAcademic writing uses vocabulary accurately.HedgingIn academic writing, it is necessary to make decisions about your stance on a particular subject.ResponsibilityIn academic writing you must be responsible for, and must be able to provide evidence and justification for, any claims you make.[k ə’l əʊkwi:əl] [pri’si ʒən] [pr ɪ’sa ɪsli] [,ɔbd ʒek’tiv əti] Attitude or feeling Characteristics includeEmploying the formal academic style, avoiding jargon , slang , andabbreviations a way of regarding situationsor topics etc.：position , view[p ə'spektiv]Synonyms [t əun]a characteristic language of a particular groupinformal language consisting of words and expressionsA formal toneUse of the third-person rather than first-person perspective Clear focus on the issue or topic rather than the author’s opinion Precise word choiceinvestigate conduct examine verify demonstrate eliminateCharacteristics of informal writingz the use ofcolloquialisms andjargonz writing in the first person viewz making “I”statements, making direct personal statements, andimprecise word choices.[k ə’l əukwi əliz(ə)m] slang, dialect[.impri'sais]characteristic of informal spokenlanguage or conversationJust as you probably would wear shorts and flip-flops to a wedding, there’s a time and a place for informalwriting . Informal writing is fine for diary entries, blogs, personal writing, letters or emails to close friends.The most informal writingimaginable is:z the text message, full of abbreviations such as “R U here ?”toconvey quick questions and responses. z In comparison, the most formal writing of all can be found in legal documents .[i'mæd ʒin əbl][‘pai ərit]someone who uses another person's work or ideas as if they were his own‘plagiarism Writers working on papersfor school, college application essays , scientific papers,research papers , international conference presentations , and business proposals generally employ a more formal style akin to donning a suit or dressto attend a wedding.[ə'kin]similar or related in quality or characterput clothing on one's body['d ɔni ŋ]4. Tips on academic writing ExamplesInformal writing :I think he ’s a loser .Formal writing :Macbeth’s horrific choices cause him to lose everything he holds dear :children, wife, friends, crown and king.frightening colon [ 'k əʊl ən]？The first statement is informal. The writer speaks in the first person , using the word “I”, and states an opinion . The slang term “loser ”, is used, which is inappropriate in a formal context. They also uses the contraction “he’s ”. If this were in the middle of a paragraph, it may be easier to understand towhom the author is referring.Taken as a simple statement, however, it’simpossible to know whether the writer thinks his best friend, hisdog, or a rock star is a loser !The second example uses an academic, formal style . Written in the third-person view , the sentence omits references to the writer and focuses on the issue. Strong, specific adjectives like “horrific ”convey the author’s view clearly without resorting to slang . The use of the colon creates a strong, formal feeling when properly usedhere to introduce a list .[ 'k əʊl ən]Where’s the resource ??•Library•On-line•Data bases (turn on remote access)•Lectures•Text books•Tutorials•News•Newspapers•Everywhere!!!5. Referencing and plagiarismMost plagiarism is acci’dental; either the result of not understanding what actually amounts to plagiarism, or of being poorly organized, so that we use the ideas of others without realizing that’s what we have done.Whenever the author has given somethingdistinctive to the information or its organization,cite the source.Anything that is common knowledge you need not cite: in other words, anything that is not distinctiveof a particular author.distinguishing /skills4study/studyskills/reading/referencing.aspunintendedWhat is plagiarism?Copying ofpassages/text/work/ideas/data without aproperacknowledgement ofthe author. Thisincludes otherstudents’work.['pleidʒiərizəm]Getting started•Find your time•Find your space•Discipline, self & others•Brain storming, clustering, mind mapping•Free writingtry to solve a problemby thinking intensely about it6. Practice makes perfectIntroduction•What is the question?•Global view from the broad to the narrow •Introduce the :•Who•What•When •Where •Why •How 5W+HThe topic•Why is it being asked?•Is it multi layered?•Does it invite a largely factual response?•Is it looking for a particular stance such asargue or cri’tique?[stæns] positionposturereview, assessment, commentLiterature•Is it current?•Is the author a credible source?•Is the subject relevant?•Clustering•References/endnoteBeginning•A quotation –is it relevant•A question•An opinion•An interesting fact•An irony or paradox•An a’nalogy•And anecdote['ænikdəut]story, narrative(especially a biographical one)[‘aiərəni[‘pærədɔks][ə’nælədʒi](logic) a statementthat contradicts itselfirony witty language富于机智的,诙谐的similarityBodyYour paragraphs should flow naturally into oneanother andconnections shouldbe made.Paragraphs•7-8 sentences•Each should be topic specific, preferably with an introductory sentence•Each sentence states the content/context and then some supporting example which is where the references come in.•The last sentence concludes the paragraph and forwards to the next.Transitional words•Joining words»Also, and, again, etc•Comparing words»Also, in comparison•Contracting words»Although, but, conversely, despite, even though, however•Positioning words»Above, adjacent to, below•Situation words»Before, briefly, consequently, finally, first[træn'zi ʃən əl]Conclusions•Don’t introduce anything new •Draw in the introduction •Demonstrate a conclusion•Give the essay a sense of completeness •Leave a final impression7. A comparison between non-academicand academic writingRevision1.Is writing skills vital for students ofscience and technology ?2. What is academic writing?3. Features of Academic Writing4. Tips on academic writing5. Referencing and plagiarism6. Practice makes perfect7. A comparison between non-academicand academic writing。
Academic Writing【学术论文写作】
Algorithm
Contributions (1 paragraph)
Experiment Overview
Roadmap (1 paragraph)
20
Five Main Sections
Abstract,
Keywords
Introduction Related Work (Literature Review) Preliminary (Method)
Background Topic (1-2 paragraphs) Literature Review Motivation (1 paragraph) Overview (1 paragraph)
Algorithm
Contributions (1 paragraph)
Experiment Overview
12
Algorithm Overview & Contribution
13
Algorithm Overview & Contribution
14
Contributions
New Concept New Model New Algorithm (More Efficient, Less Memory, Parallelism and etc.)
In time or advancing order Put to the bottom the methods to be compared
22
23
24
Related Work (Supplement)
Add
the head
There are plenty of covert channel methods in literature.
AcademicWriting[8]英语专业论文写作
![AcademicWriting[8]英语专业论文写作](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/242075380b4c2e3f5727634b.png)
Fiction vs. non-fiction Professional writing vs. popular writing Literary writing vs. scientific writing Technical writing vs. academic writing.
Taking notes:
Summary Paraphrase quotation
Kinds of Writing
For graduation For further education For future career For publication
“Published” can mean anything from appearance in a Journal with international circulation of hundreds of thousands of copies each issue to a graduation paper (e.g. B.A. / B.S. and M.A. / M. S. thesis or PhD Dissertation) in which only a few copies are printed to a review committee. In our case, the definition of “published” is extended to refer to a paper written to fulfill the requirements of a course. This can be considered a dress rehearsal for the writing of your BA / B.S. thesis, and ultimately for the publication of an actual paper.
高三英语学术论文单选题50题
高三英语学术论文单选题50题1. In the scientific paper on climate change, the term "mitigate" is used. What does it mean?A. AggravateB. AlleviateC. IgnoreD. Promote答案：B。
解析：mitigate意思是减轻、缓和。
A选项aggravate是加重、恶化的意思，与mitigate相反；C选项ignore是忽视，与mitigate 含义不同；D选项promote是促进、提升，也不符合mitigate的含义，只有B选项alleviate有减轻、缓和之意，与mitigate意思相近。
2. The history paper mentions "ubiquitous". Which of the following best defines it?A. RareB. CommonC. StrangeD. Specific答案：B。
解析：ubiquitous的意思是普遍存在的、无处不在的。
A选项rare表示稀少的，与ubiquitous相反；C选项strange是奇怪的，与ubiquitous含义不同；D选项specific是特定的，也不符合ubiquitous的含义，B选项common有常见的、普遍的意思，与ubiquitous相符。
3. In a literature review, "equivocal" is used. What is its meaning?A. ClearB. AmbiguousC. DirectD. Simple答案：B。
解析：equivocal意思是模棱两可的、含糊不清的。
A 选项clear是清晰的，与equivocal相反；C选项direct是直接的，不符合equivocal的含义；D选项simple是简单的，也不是equivocal的意思，B选项ambiguous有含糊不清的意思，与equivocal相同。
AcademicWritingAbstract解析
Features of the Academic Writing
? answer a specific question/questions, using a set of wellstructured, logical arguments
Main sections of academic texts
Abstract
IMRD
? Introduction
? Methods
? Results
? Discussion
? References
Abstract
? Function: provides a summary of the article or report
? Types: Informative or Descriptive
Abstract
? Informative Abstract
(50~100 words) focus on the results of the research and conclusions, generally used for humanities and social science papers or psychology essays.
? contain references to previous research
? written in an impersonal, objective style
? characterized by certain language features such as the avoidance of personal and contracted forms, a high lexical density, frequent nominalizations (noun groups) and the use of the passive voice.
academic writing exercises
1. In written work generalisations are very useful because they can be used to present complex ideas or data in a simple form which is easy to understand and remember:Large companies can offer better career opportunities.Language is an important means of communication.Compare the statements on the data in the table below.a) 56.2% of British smokers are women.b) The majority of British smokers are women.UK smokers by genderMen Women43.8% 56.2%The first sentence is more accurate, but the second, which contains a generalisation, is easier to understand. However, using generalisations does involve a loss of precision, so the writer must judge when they can be used safely, and when it is better to give the full data.2. There are two ways of making a generalisation:a) Using the plural: Computers are useful machines.b) Using the singular + definite article: The computer is a useful machine. (less common/more formal)It is better to avoid absolute phrases such as cats are cleverer than dogs. Instead use more cautious phrases such as cats tend to be cleverer than dogs or most cats are more intelligent than dogs.Write generalisations on the following topics.a) child/noise Example: Children are often noisy.b) flowers/presents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .c) city/pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .d) fresh fruit/health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e) television/important . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3. Read the following text and underline the generalisations.Li Pang is a Chinese student studying architecture in Manchester. He enjoys the style of teaching as well as the cosmopolitan lifestyle the city provides. Many international students attend British universities. Most welcome the chance to meet classmates from all over the world, and all are pleased to have the chance to improve their English. When he goes home to Shanghai, Li Pang will have a network of international contacts to support his future career.4.OvergeneralisingThis means making statements which are too simple or inaccurate. For example, using income figures from the table below, a writer might claim:People were much richer in 1999 than 20 years earlier.This ignores inflation over the period. It is more accurate to say:Average incomes in 1999 were nearly four times higher than in 1979.Changes in key economic indicators in the UK, 1979–1999Britain 1979 1989 1999Inflation rate 13.4% 7.8% 3.4%Interest rate 12% 13.7% 5.5%Unemployment 4.1% 6.1% 4.6%Average income £5,000 £11,700 £19,000Average house price £19,800 £61,500 £68,300Each of the following contain overgeneralisation. Rewrite them more accurately.a) Between 1979 and 1999, the worst period for unemployment was 1989.b) Inflation fell steadily for 20 years after 1979.c) There was a dramatic rise in house prices in these two decades.d) Interest rates peaked in 1989.5. Read the text on ‘Dreams’ and write five generalisations using the data.A recent survey on dreams, completed by over 10,000 people, found that 68% of all dreams came into the ‘anxiety’ category. Being chased was the most common dream, recorded by 72%. Dreams about falling (which signify insecurity) are also very common, being recorded by 70%.55% have dreamed about relatives and friends who have died. Many people believe that dreams can foretell the future, but only 42% have experienced this type. 28% of those surveyed have dreams about food, which seem to occur during periods of weight watching, but 23% have been pleased by dreams of finding money. Example: Anxiety seems to be the cause of most dreams.6.Phrases for introducing examples include:Many departments, for instance/for example engineering, now offer foundation courses.(note use of commas)A few courses, such as/e.g. MBA, require work experience.Many universities, particularly/especially UK ones, ask overseas students for IELTS scores. (note the focus) Some subjects are heavily oversubscribed. A case in point is medicine. (for single examples)Use suitable example phrases to complete the following sentences.a) As the climate warms, wetland species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .frogs may find their habitat reduced.b) Some animals can migrate to cooler areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .are birds, which can move easily.c) Many slow-growing plants, trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , will find it difficult to move to wetter areas.d) Certain reptiles, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . snakes, may benefit from drier and warmer summers.e) Rising sea levels may bring some advantages . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . expanding wetland areas.7. Find a suitable example for each sentence.Example: Various sectors in the economy are experiencing labour shortages.Various sectors in the economy, for instance engineering, are experiencing labour shortages.a) A number of sports have become very profitable due to the sale of television rights.b) Certain twentieth-century inventions affected the lives of most people.c) In recent years many women have made significant contributions to the political world.d) Three-year guarantees are now being offered by most car makers.e) Certain diseases are proving much harder to combat than was expected 20 years ago.f) Many musical instruments use strings to make music.g) Several mammals are currently in danger of extinction.8. Read the text below and then insert suitable examples where needed.Students who go to study abroad often experience a type of culture shock when they arrive in the new country. Customs which they took for granted in their own society may not be followed in the host country. Even everyday patterns of life may be different. When these are added to the inevitable differences which occur in every country students may at first feel confused. They may experience rapid changes of mood, or even want to return home. However, most soon make new friends and, in a relatively short period, are able to adjust to their new environment. They may even find that they prefer some aspects of their new surroundings, and forget that they are not at home for a while!9. Another small group of phrases is used when there is only one ‘example’. This is a kind of restatement:The world’s biggest software company, i.e. Microsoft, is buying a share of the cable business.Add a suitable phrase to the following sentences, from the box below, to make them clearer.a) His mother’s sister was a small but very remarkable woman.b) When the liquid reached boiling point the reaction began.c) It appears that Candlemas day was celebrated with large bonfires.d) The company’s overheads doubled last year.namely 140 degreesi.e. his auntin other words,the fixed coststhat is, February 2nd10. It is often difficult to begin writing an essay, but, especially in exams, hesitation can waste valuable time. The first few sentences need to be general but not vague, as they set the tone for the rest of the essay. The subject can be introduced by giving some background information:In recent years the internet has become an important tool of academic research.There is increasing interest in the use of wind power to produce electricity.11. Write two or three introductory sentences on one of the following topics.a) Global warmingb) The spread of Aidsc) The future of the United Nationsd) Tourism12. It is important to begin an essay with remarks that are general but also accurate and clear. Decide which of the following are suitable (essay titles in brackets):a) (Do newspapers have a future?)Newspapers are facing increased competition from other media such as television and the internet.Young people often prefer to get information from electronic sources, which can be updated more frequently.b) (Is public concern about crime justified?)Crime is increasing everywhere, and this worries many people. Nobody can agree on a solution to the problem.c) (GM foods can feed the world – discuss.)In the past twenty years genetically modified (GM) crops have become a source of major controversy.Both farmers and consumers are divided on questions of health and environmental safety.d) (Is quality being sacrificed for quantity in higher education?)It can be seen that higher education (HE) is changing throughout the world, with more students wanting to enter universities. There are many possible reasons for these changes, but the results are the same.13. Study the following essay titles. Choose two and write an opening paragraph for each in no more than five minutes per paragraph.a) Television can damage the development of children–discuss.b) Mature students get better academic results than young students – discuss.c) The greatest social change in the twentieth century was the movement of women out of the home and intothe workforce. How true is this statement?14. Find synonyms for the words and phrases in italics.a) Professor Hicks questioned the findings of the research.b) The statistics show a steady expansion in applications.c) The institute’s prediction has caused a major controversy.d) Cost seems to be the leading drawback to that system.e) They will concentrate on the first option.f) After the lecture she tried to clarify her concept.g) Three issues need to be examined.h) The framework can be retaine d but the goal needs to be altered.i) OPEC, the oil pro ducers’ cartel, is to cut production to raise global prices.j) The trend to smaller families has speeded up in the last decade.15. Identify the synonyms in this text by underlining them and linking them to the word they are substituting for.The chairma n of the UK’s food standards agency has said that a national advertising campaign is necessary to raise low levels of personal hygiene. The organisation is planning a £3m publicity programme to improve British eating habits. A survey has shown that half the population do not wash before eating, and one in five fail to wash before preparing food. There are over 6 million cases of food poisoning in this country every year, and the advertising blitz aims to cut this by 20%. This reduction, the food body believes, could be achieved by regular hand washing prior to meals.16. Rewrite the following paragraph so that instead of six short sentences there are two long and two short sentences.Worldwide, enrolments in higher education are increasing. In developed countries over half of all young people enter college. Similar trends are seen in China and South America. This growth has put financial strain on state university systems. Many countries are asking students and parents to contribute. This leads toa debate about whether students or society benefit from tertiary education.17. Rewrite this paragraph in fewer sentences.It is widely recognised that a university degree benefits the individual. A graduate can expect to find a better job with a higher salary. In the USA the average graduate will earn $1 million more in a lifetime than a non- graduate. Many governments now expect students to pay a proportion of tuition costs. It is argued that this discriminates against poorer students. Some countries give grants to students whose families have low incomes. Their education is seen to be beneficial for the nation as a whole.18. The following sentence is too long. Divide it into shorter ones.China is one developing country (but not the only one) which has imposed fees on students since 1997, but the results have been surprising: enrolments, especially in the most expensive universities, have continued to rise steeply, growing 200% overall between 1997 and 2001; it seems in this case that higher fees attract rather than discourage students, who see them as a sign of a good education, and compete more fiercely for places, leading to the result that a place at a good college can cost $8,000 per year for fees and maintenance.。
什么因素促进一个成功的大学毕业生英语作文
什么因素促进一个成功的大学毕业生英语作文全文共5篇示例，供读者参考篇1What Makes a Great College Grad?Hi there! My name is Jamie and I'm going to tell you all about what it takes to be a really awesome college graduate. I've been asking a bunch of grown-ups about this and they gave me some great ideas. Being a successful college grad is super important if you want to get a good job and make lots of money. But it's not just about the money! The skills you learn in college can help you in your whole life.The first big thing that helps make someone an A+ college grad is working really hard. I know, I know, that doesn't sound like much fun. But college isn't just about goofing around and having sleepovers with your friends every night. You actually have to go to your classes, pay attention, take good notes, and study a whole lot. The grown-ups say that building strong study habits and being disciplined about your work is key. That means not leaving everything to the last minute!Another thing that's really important is getting involved on campus. That means joining some clubs or teams that you're interested in. It could be things like student government, or the drama club, or an intramural sports team. Grown-ups say this helps you develop teamwork skills, leadership abilities, and other talents that make you a well-rounded person. Plus, it's a great way to make new friends who have similar interests as you!Speaking of friends, that's another biggie when it comes to being a successful grad. You've gotta choose your friends wisely in college. Having a good group of positive, hard-working buddies can really motivate you and keep you on track. But if you hang out with people who slack off or get you into trouble, that can really derail your college experience. Your parents probably gave you this advice already, but it's worth repeating!Okay, let's talk about academics for a sec. You'll never believe what helps make an awesome college grad...going to class! Crazy, right? But grown-ups told me so many students skip lectures and fall behind. If you want to graduate at the top of your class, you've got to actually show up and absorb all that knowledge from your professors. Take advantage of their office hours too if you need extra help.Another academic tip - don't be afraid to change your major if you're not feeling it. Lots of students start off thinking they want to study one thing, and then realize part-way through that they're way more interested in something else. There's no shame in adjusting your course if it'll make you happier in the long run. Just don't wait too long to decide!Let me tell you about a few more skills that can come in handy. Grown-ups say time management is huge. You've got to carefully plan out your days to ensure you have enough time for attending classes, studying, participating in clubs, sleeping, and even having some fun once in a while. Using a calendar or schedule is very helpful for this.It's also wise to build awesome writing abilities while you're in college. Grown-ups have to do a ton of writing in the professional world - reports, emails, presentations, and more. Taking advantage of your school's writing center can giveyou a serious leg up on this invaluable skill.Public speaking is another biggie that can help you go far after graduation. Being able to clearly communicate your ideas and deliver engaging presentations will make you stand out when you start applying for jobs and climbing up the career ladder. Don't be scared to take a communications course!Last but not least, grown-ups say successful grads are always networking like crazy. That means meeting new people in your field, introducing yourself to professionals, attending career fairs and industry events. Building up a solid network of contacts can connect you to amazing internships and give you a step ahead when you're job hunting. It's never too early to start pushing out of your comfort zone and making these connections.Phew, that's a lot of advice! I definitely have a much better idea now of what it takes to be a star student and grad. Stuff like working hard, getting involved, choosing good friends, attending class, managing your time well, building communication skills, and networking. If you can nail most of those, you'll be one impressive, well-rounded, highly-prepared college graduate that all the companies will want to hire.Thanks for listening, guys! I'm off to watch some cartoons and play outside now. College can wait a few more years for me. But I'll remember all these golden tips when I get there. See ya!篇2What Makes a Good University Student? A Kid's GuideHey kids! Have you ever wondered what it takes to be a really awesome university student? You know, the kind ofstudent that professors looove and employers can't wait to hire after graduation? Well, I've been doing some research and I think I've figured out the most important things!First off, you gotta be smart. Duh, right? But I don't just mean book smart. University is about way more than just memorizing facts from textbooks. You need to be a creative thinker who can solve tricky problems in new ways. Professors want students who can connect different ideas together and see things from different angles. It's like being a detective and piecing together all the clues!Speaking of clues, university is also about being curious and asking lots of questions. The best students never just accept something as fact. They always want to know the "why" behind everything. Why do things work a certain way? Why do people believe certain ideas? Asking "why" shows you're engaged and really care about understanding deeply, not just getting a good grade.But university isn't just about using your brain powerrr. You need to be a hard worker too. Assignments, research, studying for exams - it can be a lot! Successful students have to be disciplined and determined. They set goals, make plans, and stick to their schedules. It's kinda like being a superhero - fighting offdistractions and laziness at every turn! Pow! Take that video games! Bam! No slacking off today!Of course, it's not all work and no play. One of the best parts of university is meeting new people from all over. This is where being a people person comes in handy. You gotta be able to talk to all kinds of different people, work together on projects, and make friends easily. It's like being a diplomat - building connections and finding common ground. The more people you know, the more opportunities you'll have!Speaking of opportunities, universities also wantwell-rounded students who do more than just study. Joining clubs, playing sports, volunteering, getting internships - these are all things that make you stand out. They show you have diverse interests and can manage your time wisely. It's basically like having a part-time job as a professional juggler - keeping all those balls in the air at once!Last but not least, university students need to be independent and self-motivated. Your parents and teachers can't hold your hand anymore. You have to take ownership of your education and your future. Decide what you want and go after it fearlessly! It's like being an explorer - venturing off into uncharted territory and making your own path.Wow, when you add it all up, being a stellar university student is hard work! But don't get discouraged. If you've got the brains, the drive, the people skills, the time management prowess, and the self-discipline, you'll be unstoppable. Just believe in yourself and reach for the stars!Those are my top tips for university success. What do you think, kid? Does it sound doable? Maybe someday I'll see you on campus, asking questions, joining clubs, and showing those professors what you're made of! The world better watch out for you!篇3What Makes a Super Cool College Grad?Hey guys! Today I wanna talk about something super important - college grads! You know, those older kids who just finished up their super long schooling and are ready to go get a job. Some of them are really impressive and do amazing things after college. But what makes a truly awesome college graduate? Let me break it down for you!First up, being really really smart is hugely important. The best college grads are like genius-level smart. They have to be pros at solving tough problems, understanding complicatedideas, and knowing a ton of facts about all kinds of subjects. Math, science, history, writing - you name it, they gotta be experts! That's because the hardest college classes are incredibly difficult. Only the smartest students who study like crazy can survive them.But just having a giant brain isn't enough on its own. The most successful grads also work incredibly hard. I'm talking staying up all night, writing a million papers, and always being focused on their schoolwork hard. They never slack off or goof around because they're laser-focused on getting perfect grades. That drive and discipline is super key.Another awesome trait is being a creative thinker. The best grads don't just memorize stuff, they come up with brand new ideas and inventive solutions. They approach problems from totally new angles that nobody else thinks of. Finding creative ways to tackle challenges is a huge part of getting ahead.Speaking of getting ahead, leadership is another must-have skill. Excellent college grads know how to take charge, make smart decisions, and inspire others to follow them. They're like the kid who always gets picked first for kickball teams because everyone knows they'll help their team win. Having that "IT"factor that makes people want to come along for the ride is clutch.Being well-rounded is also a big deal. Ok, so maybe you're a math genius who solves crazy equations for fun. But can you also write a beautiful poem? Give a persuasive speech? Analyze a painting's hidden meaning? The top grads are talented in all kinds of areas beyond just academics. It makes them way more interesting and unique.Adaptability and being cool under pressure are two more great qualities. The real world doesn't come with instructions, so grads have to be able to think on their feet and stay calm when stuff goes haywire. Panic-y people who freeze up don't survive very long!Last but definitely not least, successful college grads have to be good communication ninjas. I mean, what's the point of being brilliant if you can't share your ideas effectively? The greats write clearly, speak confidently, and know how to get their point across in powerful ways. Having those strong communication abilities unlocks so many doors.Phew, that's a lot of stuff! Being a truly outstanding college grad requires checking off SO many boxes. It's definitely not easyto have that perfect mixture of brains, effort, creativity, people skills, and more.But those graduates who manage to bring it all together? They're unstoppable forces ready to change the world. Companies fight over them with ultra high-paying jobs. They become the next generation of game-changing leaders, innovators, and big thinkers. Maybe there's even a Nobel Prize winner or two in the bunch!So to any kid reading this - if you want to grow up and be an absolutely legendary college grad, get ready to work harder than you ever imagined. Study like crazy, join a million clubs, do outstanding community service, and become an incrediblewell-rounded person. Only then can you reach those lofty heights!For the rest of us, we can sit back and watch those elite grads in awe as they accomplish mind-blowing feats. Either way, isn't it exciting to think about? That's the magic and promise of a truly successful college graduate! Now let's go out and chase our wildest dreams!篇4What Makes a Great College Grad?Hey kids! Have you ever wondered what it takes to be a really awesome college graduate? I'm going to let you in on the secrets. Being a great college grad is kind of like being a superhero – you need cool superpowers. But these aren't powers like flying or shooting laser beams from your eyes. These are special skills that will help you take on the world after college. Let me tell you about some of the most important ones!Power #1: Brainiac SmartsThis one is pretty obvious. If you want to be a stellar college grad, you gotta be really smart and know a ton of stuff. That means studying hard, paying attention in class, and asking lots of questions when you don't understand something. You'll need to master all kinds of complicated subjects like math, science, writing, and more. But don't worry, using those gigantic brains of yours will pay off big time!Power #2: Stick-To-It StrengthEven the smartest kid won't succeed in college without another very important skill – persistence! That means never giving up, even when things get tough. You have to keep on trying and pushing through when your homework is driving you nuts or when you just can't seem to grasp a difficult concept. Thebest graduates are super stubborn and determined to overcome any obstacles in their way.Power #3: People SmartsYou know how fun it is to hang out with your friends and buddies? Well, those social skills are an essential superpower for college grads too. You see, once you're done with school, you'll need to know how to communicate clearly, cooperate with others, and be a team player. Colleges want their graduates to have awesome people skills to help them get along great in the workplace and community.Power #4: Time MasteryThis one might not sound too exciting, but developing great time management abilities is truly a skill fit for a superhero. As a student, you'll constantly be juggling classes, homework, activities, work, and trying to hang with your friends too. The most successful college grads are like time wizards – they can prioritize what's important, make schedules, and use their time wisely to get it all done.Power #5: Curiosity and CreativityHere's a fun one – having a craving to always learn more and using your imagination! Graduates who are curious about theworld around them and creative innovators tend to go far. They don't just absorb information, but constantly question things and come up with new ideas too. Finding creative solutions to problems and looking at things from unique perspectives are skills that make graduates stand out.Power #6: Adaptability and ResilienceLast but not least, awesome college grads know how to adapt to change and difficult circumstances. The real world doesn't stay the same, so they have to be flexible, resourceful, and resilient. Having a positive attitude and being able to bounce back from setbacks are invaluable powers. Graduates with adaptability tend to have more success in their careers and life.So those are the essential skills that turn a regular college grad into an absolute superhero! Getting those powers takes a lot of commitment and hard work over years of study. But trust me, aiming to develop smarts, persistence, social skills, time management, curiosity, and resilience will pay off in an amazingly successful life. Just call me the College Grad Superhero Coach!篇5What Makes a Awesome College Grad?Hi there! My name is Jamie and I'm a 4th grader. My big sister just graduated from college last year. She worked really hard and did a great job! I'm so proud of her. A lot of people have been asking me what helped make my sister such a successful college graduate. So I wanted to share my thoughts on that!First off, my sister was always a really good student from a young age. She loved learning new things and was really curious about the world around her. Even as a little kid, she would ask our parents and teachers tons of questions until she understood something fully. She was never satisfied with just a surface level understanding.My parents encouraged this curiosity by taking us to museums, libraries, zoos, and teaching us about different cultures and subjects at home. We grew up in a household that really valued education. My parents made sure we did all our homework, got good grades, and put a lot of effort into our schoolwork. They also helped us develop good study habits like setting aside dedicated time for homework, taking breaks, and keeping our study spaces organized.In middle and high school, my sister pushed herself to take advanced classes in the subjects she excelled at. She was never afraid of a challenge and wasn't satisfied just coasting by. She wanted to constantly push her limits and grow. She also got involved in lots of extracurricular activities like student government, volunteering, and academic clubs. This taught her important life skills like leadership, teamwork, and time management on top of her studies.When it came time to apply to colleges, my sister was really strategic. She researched schools thoroughly and made sure to find universities that were an excellent fit for her academic interests and career goals. She crafted unique and compelling applications that allowed her true personality to shine through. All her hard work paid off when she got into her dream school!In college, my sister continued to be super focused and driven. She picked a challenging major that really interested her - Biomedical Engineering. Despite the heavy course load, she never slacked off. She went to every class, participated actively, took detailed notes, and did all the readings and assignments to the best of her ability. Whenever she struggled with a concept, she wasn't afraid to ask her professors questions or get tutoring help.At the same time, she made sure to take breaks, get enough sleep, exercise regularly, and get involved in fun extracurriculars like intramural sports. She understood that burnout was real and took care of her physical and mental health. She also made an effort to network - going to career fairs, reaching out to alumni, and getting internships in her field during the summers. This allowed her to acquire lots of professional skills and connections.By the time she graduated, my sister had completed a rigorous degree program while maintaining an excellent GPA. She also had several internships under her belt along with research experience. This made her extremely competitive in the job market. Many companies were eager to hire her after seeing her stellar academic performance and relevant experiences.So in summary, I think the biggest factors that made my sister such a successful college grad were: her lifelong love of learning, the value our parents placed on education, her willingness to work hard, her ability to find the right academic fit, her commitment to her studies, her self-care practices, and her drive to gain relevant professional experiences. With determination, passion, and balance, she was able to make the most of her college years!Those are just my thoughts as a 10-year-old though! I'm sure there are plenty of other factors as well. I just wanted to share what I observed about my awesome sister's journey. I'll be sure to follow in her footsteps when I'm older. Education is so important! Thanks for reading my essay. Let me know if you have any other questions!。
东方剑桥应用英语 学术英语写作教程
东方剑桥应用英语学术英语写作教程An Academic English Writing Guide" with over 1000 words, written entirely in English:The field of English language education has undergone a remarkable transformation in recent decades, with a growing emphasis on specialized and academic forms of the language. One such area that has gained significant attention is the teaching of academic English writing, catering to the needs of learners who seek to engage in scholarly discourse, research, and professional communication. In this context, the "Oriental Cambridge" approach to academic English writing has emerged as a comprehensive and innovative framework, drawing inspiration from the esteemed traditions of the University of Cambridge while adapting it to the unique cultural and linguistic landscapes of the East.At the heart of the Oriental Cambridge approach lies a deep appreciation for the nuances of academic writing, recognizing it as a multifaceted skill that transcends the mere mechanics of grammar and syntax. The program recognizes that effective academic writing requires not only a command of the language but also a keen understanding of the underlying rhetorical structures, theconventions of various academic genres, and the intellectual rigor demanded in the pursuit of knowledge.One of the key tenets of the Oriental Cambridge approach is the emphasis on critical thinking. Students are encouraged to approach academic writing not merely as an exercise in regurgitating information but as a dynamic process of analysis, synthesis, and the construction of original arguments. The curriculum places a strong emphasis on developing critical reading skills, enabling learners to delve deeply into scholarly sources, identify key ideas, and engage in substantive discussions and debates.The program also places a significant focus on the development of research skills, equipping students with the tools and strategies necessary to navigate the vast landscape of academic literature. From effective information-gathering techniques to the nuances of citation and referencing, the Oriental Cambridge approach ensures that learners are well-prepared to undertake rigorous academic inquiries and produce well-researched, evidence-based written work.Moreover, the Oriental Cambridge approach recognizes the importance of genre-specific writing conventions. Rather than adopting a one-size-fits-all approach, the program provides specialized instruction in the distinct rhetorical structures and stylistic considerations of various academic genres, such as research papers,literature reviews, case studies, and argumentative essays. This genre-based approach allows students to develop a versatile set of writing skills that can be applied across a range of academic and professional contexts.Integral to the Oriental Cambridge approach is the emphasis on developing a strong academic voice. Students are encouraged to move beyond the mere replication of source material and to cultivate a unique and authentic authorial presence in their writing. This involves mastering the art of academic argumentation, the judicious use of citations and references, and the skillful integration of their own ideas and perspectives into the scholarly discourse.The program also places a strong emphasis on the development of writing fluency and coherence. Through a variety of exercises, workshops, and feedback mechanisms, students are guided in refining their ability to organize their thoughts, structure their arguments, and create a seamless flow of ideas within their written work. This focus on textual cohesion and coherence is crucial in ensuring that students' academic writing is not only technically proficient but also intellectually engaging and persuasive.Furthermore, the Oriental Cambridge approach recognizes the importance of cultural awareness and sensitivity in academic writing. The program acknowledges that academic discourse is not a neutral,universal language but is instead shaped by cultural and linguistic traditions. By incorporating cross-cultural perspectives and encouraging students to draw on their own cultural backgrounds and experiences, the Oriental Cambridge approach fosters a rich and diverse academic writing landscape that celebrates the global nature of knowledge production.One of the hallmarks of the Oriental Cambridge approach is its emphasis on personalized feedback and mentorship. Rather than a one-size-fits-all approach, the program relies on a team of experienced academic writing instructors who provide targeted, individualized feedback to each student. This personalized guidance allows learners to identify their specific strengths and areas for improvement, enabling them to refine their writing skills in a supportive and nurturing environment.Moreover, the Oriental Cambridge approach recognizes the importance of ongoing professional development for both students and instructors. The program regularly organizes workshops, seminars, and conferences that bring together experts in the field of academic writing, fostering a vibrant community of practitioners and scholars who share their insights, best practices, and innovative pedagogical approaches.In conclusion, the "Oriental Cambridge" approach to academicEnglish writing represents a comprehensive and innovative framework that aims to empower learners with the skills, knowledge, and confidence necessary to thrive in the global academic landscape. By blending the esteemed traditions of the University of Cambridge with a deep understanding of the cultural and linguistic nuances of the East, this program offers a transformative educational experience that prepares students to engage in high-level scholarly discourse, conduct rigorous research, and make meaningful contributions to the advancement of knowledge.。
学术英语表作文
学术英语表作文Academic English Writing: Tips and Strategies。
Academic writing is an important aspect of educationand research. It involves writing papers, articles, reports, and other documents that are intended for publication in academic journals and other scholarly publications. Writing in academic English can be challenging for non-native speakers, but there are several strategies and tips thatcan help improve your writing skills. In this article, we will discuss some of the most effective strategies for academic English writing.1. Understand the Purpose and Audience。
Before you start writing, it is important to understand the purpose of your writing and your intended audience. Academic writing is typically intended for a scholarly audience, such as professors, researchers, and other academics. Your writing should be clear, concise, and well-organized, and should demonstrate your knowledge and expertise in the subject matter.2. Use Formal Language。
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Unit Two
Writing General-Specific Texts
Each remaining unit in this book deals with a particular kind of writing task. We have chosen to begin with a type of text sometimes called general-specific (GS) because its structure involves general-to-specific movement. There are three reasons to begin with GS texts. They are quite common in graduate student writing, they are comparatively simple, and they are often used as introductions for longer pieces of writing. You may need to produce a GS text for
a. an answer to an examination question,
b. an opening paragraph of an assignment,* or
c. a background (or scene-setting) paragraph to an analysis or
discussion.*
GS texts usually begin with one of the following:
a. a short or extended definition,
b. a contrastive or comparative definition, or
c. a generalization or purpose statement.
As their name implies, GS texts move from broad statements to narrower ones. However, they often widen out again in the final sentence. The shape is similar to that of a glass or cup (see fig. 5).
General statement
More specific
detail
Specific
detail
Broader statement
Fig. 5. Shape of GS texts
*Both b and c may also take the form of a descriptive summary (see Unit Five).
33。