商务英语 unit 3
商务英语unit3课文译文及练习答案
第三章市场营销学习目标：1、了解市场营销的定义2、了解市场营销的组合策略3、掌握市场细分和市场定位的方法课文一市场营销概述大约十年以前，如果你问IBM的高层管理人员他们是做什么的，他们可能会回答：“我们销售电脑的硬件和软件。
”由于缺乏市场远见，以产品为中心的IBM 公司没有注重客户的需求。
因此，当客户需求改变的时候，IBM却没有进行相应的调整，公司的业绩也大幅度下滑。
到90年代初期，大企业的市场份额和蓝筹股价急剧下跌。
在这段经济低靡的时期，IBM进行了一场具有重大意义的改革：所有的高层管理人员在与重要客户面谈之后，将客户的问题和要求上报给公司。
其实，在计算机市场，客户不但要从公司购买电脑的硬件和软件，更重要的是他们需要购买到能解决大量信息技术问题的方案。
现在，如果你要IBM的管理人员给他们的业务下个定义，他们会告诉你：“我们为客户的任何问题提供解决方案。
”大公司营销策略的转变取得了巨大的成功。
那么，什么是市场营销呢？市场营销的定义美国市场营销协会将市场营销的定义为：计划和执行观念，商品和服务的构思，定价、促销和分销以便产生满足个人、组织和社会目标的交易的过程。
IBM的营销经理们如果想要取得好的销售成绩，他们必须要明白客户的需要就是他们的目标。
如果不遵循这一原则，他们生产出来的产品将一无是处，也无人问津。
“找到客户的需求并且尽力满足”就是市场营销的主旨，换句话说，就是要“找到一个市场，并为其服务。
”市场营销组合策略一旦确定了客户的需求，营销人员就应该尽力满足这些要求，有四点需要注意，第一，要求生产出合适的产品，这是物质基础。
要使产品能尽量接近客户的要求，企业就要通过改变现有产品类型、改进产品的特点和包装或用另一种方法来描述这个产品等方式生产出“量体裁衣”型的产品。
第二点是关于交付货物的整个体系：生产者必须及时将货物运至消费者可以购买到的地方。
第三点就是消费者可以通过广告被告知这个商品的用途，营销人员应该与客户沟通，并说服他们购买。
商务英语综合教程Unit 3 IMF at a Glance
Staff: Approximately 2,600 from 110 countries
Text
Unit 3 IMF at a Glance
Managing Director: Michel Camdessus assumed office in 1987
Unit Three
IMF at a Glance
Unit 3 IMF at a Glance
Introduction
In the summer of 1944, the United States government called for conference called United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference in history, where the Bretton Woods Agreement was reached, namely, IMF agreement. The western industrialized nations realized that foreign trade would be necessary to quickly and effectively heal the wounds of war. In order to create a calm and stable foreign exchange market, officials from forty-five nations assembled for a historic meeting at Bretton Woods New Hampshire in the United States. In our daily life, we meet various kinds of advertisements every day. They have become an important part of our lives and economy. It’s difficult to say whether ads play good or bad roles in our lives.
【商务英语课件】Unit-3--Business-Conference
Establish ground rules that permit the orderly transaction of business.
Control the discussion to ensure that it is relevant, that a few members do not monopolize the discussion, and that all members have an opportunity to be heard.
González: So, perhaps we could call our meeting to order. Before we begin, I should like to say that I hope the meeting will be constructive and have a positive outcome. The purpose is to resolve a few problems which have been caused by the recent merger of our two companies. Perhaps I could start by asking Mr. Banks for a few words? Banks: Sure. I share Sir González's hopes for a constructive meeting. I also hope that some ways will be found for working a little more closely together than we have up to now and therefore getting better results both for us at Delco and for you at Duo. Maggie: Agreed.
商务英语写作 Unit 3
Key to Activity 13 on page 43
• If you have any questions about our product,call us at 01-5692001. • Yours sincerely, • Jack Smith
Homework: P38 Activity 9
Structure of Personnel Introduction Letter
Personnel Introduction Letter: Title Salutation Body: 1.The person concerned,his/her name and job title;the reason for the trip,the time of the trip,and the length of the stay. 2.Request for hospitality,and give thanks in advance. 3.Promise to reciprocate. Complimentary close Signature and job title
• Dear Customer, • We understand that you are interested in cars/automobiles.Our latest/recent effort promises to deliver cars that are environmentally friendly.They are called fuel cellcars.They generate/produce only water and do not harm the environment. • Please look through this packet of information to find out more about the products.
商务英语阅读教程3UNIT3TradeDisputes
贸易争端将迎来2008贸易政策的前景，今年的严峻，虽然齐心协力，被许多商人在方法上的改变可能阻止倒退到贸易保护主义。
在美国，经济恶化的消息再加上即将举行的选举保证慢，如果有的话，在世界范围内减少贸易壁垒，增加对美国公司的市场准入进度。
在世界各地，这些底片是由恐惧不断扩大中国的出口，缺乏在世界贸易组织（WTO ）多哈谈判的政治意愿，并不愿意在没有总统的快速的贸易伙伴作出让步到美国的强化跟踪谈判授权（又名贸易促进权）。
会有因经济和政治气候和缺乏在多哈谈判取得突破的紧张局势今年。
将会有关于所采取的行动（而不是取），因为这紧张的结果分歧。
现在的问题是，他们将如何将这些分歧进行管理，以及是否导致贸易纠纷。
默认选项是在纠纷显著增加，随着美国和其贸易伙伴的焦点会导致保护主义和歧视性政策。
大多数人会从长远来看，如果失去这种情况发生。
现在的挑战是分析多边贸易体系将面临和发展战略，以限制所产生的危害，并作为垫脚石恢复进度，当全球经济和政治气候改善的困难。
从历史上看，贸易自由化努力取得成功的只有在一个健康的全球经济气候（在乌拉圭回合谈判在1990年代初建立世界贸易组织）或经济大灾难后（总协定关税与贸易，或关贸总协定，二战结束后）。
在这种时候，政府和企业专注于必要的讨价还价，以实现更大的全球自由化。
给人以这一概念得到- 的减少你的一些贸易壁垒来保护别人的减少更感兴趣的领域，你，确认和采取行动。
那些失去保护不喜欢它，但亲自由化的力量是强大的。
相反，在有问题的经济气候，怕给人占主导地位。
政客听到更多来自选民谴责收入进口（现在全球化）和就业的不利影响比他们从那些寻求给予或接受扩大市场准入做。
在美国，这种转变是明显的在2006年的国会选举。
它每天都变得更加明显，因为经济成长放缓的迹象。
两党努力制定一个一揽子计划是值得欢迎的，但他们是极不可能提高贸易政策的画面。
与此同时，对于有利于贸易的国会多数的前景是零，而且，虽然许多美国总统候选人的保护主义论调是只是说说而已，对于一个贸易型的管理，前景是不确定的，最好的。
《商务英语综合教程》 Unit (3)
● A company decides the
of employees they are looking
to hire and the
they require of these employees.
● The company tries to reach a pool of candidates through
1. candidate A. an elaborate and systematic plan of action
2. recruitment
B. any distinct time period in a sequence of events
3. strategy
C. someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor, etc.)
◆ Additional Reading E. Highlights Vocabulary Suggested Answers
Teaching Objectives
• 1. to learn positions in organizations and their corresponding qualities required;
● Using LinkedIn
●
● Interview Process
●
Matching
Please match the vocabulary on column A with the corresponding English meanings on column B.
Column A
Column B
• 2. to learn the types and steps of recruiting and hiring;
商务英语谈判unit 3 Receiving Guests
8. 吃中国餐时先上冷盘，主菜和汤随后上。 Cold dishes are starters at a Chinese dinner. Main courses and soup come later.
9. Glad you could make it today.
10. They toasted the signing of the new agreement.
11. Let’s drink to our friendships.
12. We have pleasure in inviting you to our tonight’s reception party.
Unit 3 Receiving Guests
9. 您能告诉我这是什么菜吗？这是烤鸭，是本地的特色菜。 Could you tell what this is ? It is roast duck, specialty of this region.
10. 我们都应该承认这些文化差异，尊重这些差异，以免产 生以解，这很重要。 It is important for all of us to acknowledge and respect these cultural differences in order to avoid misunderstanding.
5. 圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，进而象征着家庭团聚。 The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and by extension, family reunion.
Unit 3 Receiving Guests
商务英语unit3译文及答案
第三章市场营销学习目标：1、了解市场营销的定义2、了解市场营销的组合策略3、掌握市场细分和市场定位的方法课文一市场营销概述大约十年以前，如果你问IBM的高层管理人员他们是做什么的，他们可能会回答：“我们销售电脑的硬件和软件。
”由于缺乏市场远见，以产品为中心的IBM公司没有注重客户的需求。
因此，当客户需求改变的时候，IBM却没有进行相应的调整，公司的业绩也大幅度下滑。
到90年代初期，大企业的市场份额和蓝筹股价急剧下跌。
在这段经济低靡的时期，IBM 进行了一场具有重大意义的改革：所有的高层管理人员在与重要客户面谈之后，将客户的问题和要求上报给公司。
其实，在计算机市场，客户不但要从公司购买电脑的硬件和软件，更重要的是他们需要购买到能解决大量信息技术问题的方案。
现在，如果你要IBM的管理人员给他们的业务下个定义，他们会告诉你：“我们为客户的任何问题提供解决方案。
”大公司营销策略的转变取得了巨大的成功。
那么，什么是市场营销呢？市场营销的定义美国市场营销协会将市场营销的定义为：计划和执行观念，商品和服务的构思，定价、促销和分销以便产生满足个人、组织和社会目标的交易的过程。
IBM的营销经理们如果想要取得好的销售成绩，他们必须要明白客户的需要就是他们的目标。
如果不遵循这一原则，他们生产出来的产品将一无是处，也无人问津。
“找到客户的需求并且尽力满足”就是市场营销的主旨，换句话说，就是要“找到一个市场，并为其服务。
”市场营销组合策略一旦确定了客户的需求，营销人员就应该尽力满足这些要求，有四点需要注意，第一，要求生产出合适的产品，这是物质基础。
要使产品能尽量接近客户的要求，企业就要通过改变现有产品类型、改进产品的特点和包装或用另一种方法来描述这个产品等方式生产出“量体裁衣”型的产品。
第二点是关于交付货物的整个体系：生产者必须及时将货物运至消费者可以购买到的地方。
第三点就是消费者可以通过广告被告知这个商品的用途，营销人员应该与客户沟通，并说服他们购买。
商务英语Unit3
listening
4/5 To:
L Talk
et’s
Caller:
Message: Please email details of the next telephone skills courses to ……. He’s sending five people so also include details of discounts on group bookings. Message: He’s sorry but he’s postponing his booking for the seminar on the 13th. Please send dates for the next seminar and explain if the course fee can be refunded
Besides, it is also important that both are willing to share responsibilities. This will have direct impact on the success and failure of the business. With shared responsibilities, you can achieve your common objectives better and be strongly against troubles and risks.
speakitant when starting
your own business?
1.A good idea
2.Knowing your customers 3. …….
speaking
B: What is important when your
新编剑桥商务英语unit-3精选全文 (2)
Speaking: Discussing a schedule
Vocabulary: Types of business
Here are three different ways to start your own business. Work in pairs and think of one advantage and one disadvantage for each approach.
• Sale trader you are self-employed and set up the business on your own.
• Partnership you are self-employed and start the business with another person. You are both equally liable.
set up concept charge launch
branch out growth fee
But being a franchisee is unlikely to satisfy the most entrepreneurial. It doesn’t suit people who don’t want to follow the system. William Ewbank, the head of franchise sales at Domino’s Pizza, says, ‘If you’re massively entrepreneurial this isn’t for you. It’s a discipline, a club with rules. There is some independence --- our franchisees can charge their own prices although we’re strict on menu content. It’s running a business with help.’
商务英语Unit 3 参考答案
Unit 3 TravelPart I Business V ocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. This part totals 20 points, one point for each sentence.1 As someone who has _______B________ Emirates in the past year, you will have experienced our outstanding service to the Middle East.A takenB flownC byD via2 But were you aware that Emirates also flies to an extensive network of major _____A__________ all around the world?A destinationsB placesC citiesD regions3 By filling in the ______B________ questionnaire, you’ll be helping us with our research on your views as a business traveler, as well as providing an update for our database.A enclosingB enclosedC to encloseD being enclosed4 This will ______D_________ that we only send out information and offers that are relevant to you personally.A sureB reassureC assureD ensure5 I do hope you find the information in it interesting and that you take _______D_________ of our free flight offer.A pleasureB useC interestD advantage6 As a business traveler we need you to tell us about your views, requirements and habits in _______B_________ of business travel.A viewB termsC useD flight7 So by picking up a pen and filling in the attached questionnaire, you will be doing us a great _____A_______ too.A favorB helpC assistanceD facilitation8 Delta Air Lines crew suffer 100 verbal and physical ________D________ a month, while cabin crews in some airlines are seeking early retirement at 50 because of their stressful work.A flightsB fightsC beatingD assaults9 IDP is a computer software company _______D__________ in Los Angels, USA.A operatedB operatingC basingD based10 They will expect to relax, enjoy the ______C__________ of the hotel, explore thesurrounding area, and have a really good time.A facilitiesB equipmentC amenitiesD infrastructure11 Thank you for your letter of February 8 informing us _______C_____ the packingdetails.A aboutB forC ofD by12 ____C____ reply, we are now confirming the acceptance of your modes of packing.A ForB AtC InD On13 For your information, we have _____A_______ our bank to open an irrevocableletter of creditA instructedB informedC advisedD notified14 We would appreciate _____C______ if you could ship the order as scheduled.A themB youC itD whom15 We are looking forward to ____B______ the consignment in prime condition.A receivedB receivingC receiveD to receive16 We can supply all the bicycles you required ____B________ stock and arearranging shipment by M.V. Mermaid.A forB fromC toD against17 ____B_____ stipulated in our Sales Confirmation No. 593, each bicycle isenclosed in a corrugated cardboard pack.A SinceB AsC ForD Because18 We would like to remind you that the _____A_____ L/C must reach us beforeMarch10 so that we can make shipment in good time.A coveringB coverC coveredD being covered19 We are now confirming the prices ____C______ on the fax of June 15 for ourPhoenix range.A quotingB to quoteC quotedD being quoted20 We have _____D______ every possible precaution to make sure of safetransportation of our products.A preparedB givenC conductedD takenPart II Phrase TranslationDirections: Directions: There are 20 Chinese phrases in this part. You are required to translate them into English and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, one point for each phrase.1 经济舱Economy Class2 商务舱Business Class3 远东Far East4 中东Middle East5 重要目的地major destinations6 免费优惠券free voucher7 抽奖prize draw8 酒店住宿hotel accommodation9 时差综合症jet lag10 商务之旅business travel11 新产品系列new collection12 全球问题a world-wide problem13 身体攻击physical assaults14 大众旅游mass travel15 安全问题safety issue16 高档区域exclusive area17 机票费air fare18 销售税sales tax19 软件公司software company20 团队建设研讨会a team-building seminarPart III Sentence TranslationDirections: There are 10 sentences in this part. You are required to translate them into Chinese and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, two points for each sentence.1.As someone who has flown Emirates in the past year, you will have experiencedour outstanding service to the Middle East.作为去年乘坐过阿联酋航空公司航班的乘客，您已经体验了我们公司中东之行的杰出服务。
商务英语unit_3_Credit_Inquiry(完成)
The structure of the reply of credit inquiry letter 1:
• 答复关于信任询问时，银行提供的资料通常会比较客观和公 正，而厂商的答复则会比较主观。因此，作出判断前，应该 以综合的意见作为评判标准。 • The content of correspondence about the reply of credit inquiry （favorable reply）is generally made up of the following parts: • Part 1: • 表明写信的目的 e.g. in reply to your letter … • Part 2: • 针对被询问公司有关各情况进行回答 e.g. the company you mentioned is…. • Part 3: • 补充注意事项 we must ask you…
2. How to do credit inquiry (1)through bank and company which have business relations with them (2)through offices abroad (3)through commercial chamber and professional offices (inquiry agency) on credit inquiry
The structure of the reply of credit inquiry letter
• 作不利答复时，必须小心谨慎，确保给出的信息准确可靠。 • The content of correspondence about the reply of credit inquiry （unfavorable reply）is generally made up of the following parts: • Part 1: • 提出建议 we must advise you to… • Part 2: • 举例证明 about a year ago… • Part 3: • 委婉解释 our enquiries reveal noting to … • Part 4: • 给出提醒 this information is … in confidence
商务英语 Unit 3
Unit 3 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENTTHEORIES RELATED TO HR MANAGEMENTHierarchy of NeedsA need is a lack of something essential, desirable, or useful. The needs theory states that people act to satisfy their needs. Maslow proposed a hierarchy of needs consisting of five levels.●Physiological Needs-----needs for food, shelter, and clothing. These needsare the most basic and therefore at the bottom of the hierarchy, but they are the ones that motivate a person to find a job and earn money to provide food, shelter, and clothing for themselves and their families.●Safety/ security Needs-----needs to feel secure, to be protected, and to avoidthe unexpected. They are generally for job security and protection from work hazards. Some of the means for satisfying these needs are senior ity provisions in labor agreements, health and safety legislation, and insurance.●Social Needs-----needs for belonging (accepted by others) and for giving andreceiving friendship and love. Informal social groups on the job / off the job help people satisfy these needs. Even formal work groups can help meet workers’ social needs.●Esteem Needs-----needs for the respect from others and for a sense ofaccomplishment and achievement. Satisfaction of these needs is reflected in feelings of self-worth. Having a job is often very important in satisfying esteem needs. Praise and recognition from managers and others in the firm contribute to the sense of self-worth.●Self-Actualization Needs-----needs for fulfillment, for living up to one’spotential, and for using one’s abilities to the utmost. The Army recruiting slogan “Be All That You Can Be” is aimed at these needs. In other cases, amanager who develops and maintains an effective department might also feel self-actualized.Theory XDouglas McG regor, one of Maslow’s students, assumed that in general people do not like to work---and that work is a natural activity. From these assumptions, he devised two theories of what motivates workers and what management styles are appropriate.Theory X assumes the following:●The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if possible.●Because people don’t like to work, they must be controlled, directed, orthreatened with punishment to get them work better.●The average person prefers to be directed, avoids responsibility, isrelatively not ambitious, and wants security above all.This view of people suggests that managers must constantly prod workers to perform and must closely control their on-the-job behavior. By assuming that employees are lazy, unmotivated, and in need of strict control, managers reinforce the conditions that make the employees that way in the first place. But managers who think workers are lazy and irresponsible may lose or frustrate the best ones.Theory YIn contrast, Theory Y is based on the following assumptions:●Work is as natural as play or rest.●The threat of punishment is not the only way to get people to work.●Workers can be positively motivated. They will try to accomplishorganizational goals if they believe they will be rewarded for doing so.2●Under proper conditions, the average person learns not only to acceptresponsibility but also to seek it.●Most workers have a relatively high degree of imagination and creativityand are willing to help solve problems.Theory ZTheory Z is offered / developed / devised / proposed by William Ouchi, a management scholar at the University of California, Los Angeles. This theory combines the US and Japanese business practices and emphasizes:●Long-term employment●Slow career development●Moderate specialization●Group decision making●Individual responsibility●Relatively informal control over the employees●Concern for workersTheory Z has been well received, but there is not yet much evidence to support it. However, many U.S. firms---among them Delta Airlines, IBM, and P&G---do use element(s) of Theory Z.Assumption presumption SupposeCorporate / business / organization CultureBasically, organizational culture is the personality of the organization. Culture is comprised of the assumptions, values, norms and intangible signs of organization members and their behaviors. Corporate culture can be looked at as a system and is greatly influenced by top management and can change when a new CEO takes command.Corporate culture differs just as types of personality do. Researcher Jeffrey Sonnenfield identified four types of cultures. They are academy, baseball team, club, and fortress.In an academy culture, e mployees are highly skilled and tend to stay in the organization and work their way up the ranks. This culture stresses long-term career development and provides a stable environment in which employees can develop and exercise their skills. New employees attracted by this culture are typically college graduates. The organization examples are universities, hospitals, large corporations like IBM, etc.Baseball team culture seeks out talents of all ages and experiences. The emphasis of the culture is on short-term results rather than long-term commitment. Employees working in this culture are usually "free agents", much like professional athletes. They have highly prized skills and are rewarded on the basis of what they produce. They are in high demand and can rather easily get jobs elsewhere. This type of culture exists in fast-paced, high-risk organizations, such as investment banking, advertising, accounting, law firms, and software development companies, etc.To fit into the group is the most important requirement for employees in a club culture. Commitment to the company, doing things for the good of the group, is emphasized over personal achievement. Usually employees start at the bottom and stay with the organization. The organization promotes from within and highly valued seniority. Examples are the military, some law firms, etc.Commit suicide.Palace / castle / fortressCompanies with fortress culture are those that are struggling to keep afloat. Many are academies, clubs, or baseball teams that have failed and are trying to4come back. Others, including retailing and natural-resource companies, are always in a boom-or-bust cycle. Fortresses cannot promise job security or reward employees on the basis of how well they perform. Employees don't know if they'll be laid off or not. These organizations often undergo massive reorganization. Examples are savings and loans, large car companies, etc.Of course, many companies can’t be neatly classified in any one way. Many have a blend of corporate cultures. GE’s aerospace division operates more like a club; the electronics division is an academy; the home-appliance unit is fortress. Before you take your first job after graduation, carefully consider the culture of potential employers. If you are a risk taker, you will probably thrive at a baseball team company but not perform as well at an academy. On the other hand, if you are a team player who loves security, you won’t be happy with a baseball-team company.THE HUMAN RESOURCE FUNCTIONHuman-resource management is the process of planning, hiring, developing, motivating, and evaluating people in order to achieve organizational goals.HR PlanningHuman-resource managers are the ones who must determine future human-resource needs. Then they assess the skills of the firm’s existing employees to see if new people must be hired or existing ones must be retrained. Creating a strategy for meeting future human-resource needs is called human-resource planning.Job Analysis and DesignJob analysis and design is one of the essential parts of human resource planning. Human-resource planners must know what different jobs require. This information is typically assembled through a job analysis, a study of the tasks required to do a job well. This information is used to specify the essential skills, knowledge, and abilities.The tasks and responsibilities of a job are listed in a job description. The skills, knowledge, and abilities a person must have to fill a job are spelled out in a job specification. These two documents help human-resource planners find the right people for specific jobs. When General Motors built its Saturn assembly plant, it decided not to do things in the same old way. GM human-resource specialists spent thousands of hours rethinking old job designs. Job design means specifying the content of a job, the materials and equipment to be used in doing it, and its connection to other jobs. Job design helps ensure that all necessary tasks are performed by someone and that they are performed efficiently. EMPLOYEE RECRUITMENT AND SELECTIONWhen a firm creates a new position or an existing one becomes vacant, the firm starts looking for people with the needed qualifications. The two sources of job applicants are the internal and external labor markets. The internal labor market is made up of current employees; the external labor market is the pool of potential applicants outside the firm.Most companies try to fill positions beyond entry level from within the company. The internal search for job applicants usually results in some kind of reassignment. People can be promoted(upward movement), transferred (movement at the same level), or demoted (downward movement).6If qualified candidates cannot be found inside the company, the external labor market must be tapped. The external search process involves finding potential applicants, providing information about job openings, and trying to attract qualified prospects to the firm.The Employee Selection ProcessAfter people have been attracted to the firm and applied for a job, employment specialists begin the selection process.The first two stages in the selection process—the preliminary interview and the employment application form---make up the initial screening. The preliminary interview tends to be rather short, often less than fifteen minutes. It is designed to weed out obviously unqualified candidates, and it usually follows a set list of questions. Employment application forms also tend to be short.Cover letterAfter the initial screening, an applicant may be asked to take one or more employment tests. The tests may range from general intelligence and knowledge, to aptitude for the work, skill levels, work interests, or personality.Then comes the selection interview----an in-depth discussion of the applicant’s work experience, skills, and abilities, education, and personal interests. Recruiters look for dozens of characteristics among job candidates during the interview. But you might be surprised at the things that do not matter. Foreign language skills, physical fitness, and a willingness to travel are not highly regarded by most recruiters. Even a good sense of humor is not that important. “Students who try to exhibit humor in an interview usually defeat themselves”, says M. Alan Demers, employment manager of Public Service of New Hampshire.Listed below are 3 key skill areas for entry-level applicants:1. Work Survival Skills:●Implementing decisions●Cooperating / team work●Enforcing policies●Managing time●Attending to detail●Accepting responsibility●Setting and meeting deadlines2. Communication Skills●Speaking effectively●Listening attentively●Communicate effectively●Providing appropriate feedback●Negotiating●Perceiving nonverbal messages●Report ing information3. Human Relation Skills●Developing rapport●Being sensitive●Providing support for others●Counseling●Cooperating●Perceiving feelings, situations 8Listed below are the eight key skills that recruiters seek of the non-entry-level applicants. Note that the skills are listed in order, from the most to least important:●Written communication skills●Decision-making skills●Attitude toward work●Oral communication skills●Good judgment●Maturity●Well-developed work habits●Interpersonal skillsMost employers try to check applicants’ background references. They at least try to check applicants’ current employment and salary. Many request transcripts to check course taken and grade-point average. Some employers get background reports from credit-rating companies, which can provide information on indebtedness, reputation, character, and life style.Physical examination is the final step in the employee selection process. Although not all employers require it, many do. The exam can also set a baseline of the applicant’s health for future insurance or compensation claims.EMPLOYEE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENTThe human-resource department tries to match an employee with a job, but rarely is the match perfect. Thus the firm must train employees to perform their jobs well.Employee Orientation student codeOnce a person is hired, he or she can go through orientation. An employee orientation program is designed to acquaint new employees with the company. It deals with small but important matters, such as how to get a parking sticker, what the lunch hours are, policies on personal telephone calls and mail, paydays and holidays. Orientation programs at large firms are often conducted by human-resource specialists. They may include tours of the buildings, talks by department heads, videotape, presentations, and lots of printed information (student code). But the newly hired emp loyee’s supervisor still has a big responsibility for orientation. The supervisor immediate boss introduces the person to his or her new colleagues and helps familiarize the person with the workplace.Training and Development ProgramsAfter orientation, th e worker’s formal training program usually begins. The purpose of training is to enhance a person’s ability to do the job.Training can be classified broadly as either on-the-job or off-the-job training. On-the-job training takes place at the job site and tends to be directly related to the job. This training is usually handled by supervisors and co-workers. The employee who receives on-the-job training gets quick feedback. Also, on-the-job training is inexpensive; trainees produce while learning, and no expensive classrooms or learning tools are needed.Off-the-job training is often necessary to train employees away from the workplace. Popular methods for this training include classroom training, vestibule training and programmed instruction.Classroom training allows many trainees to be taught by just a few teachers. It many use lectures, films, videotapes, and other audiovisual media. For managers, classroom training might also include case studies.10。
商务英语阅读(专业篇) unit 3
Reading Practice
Text A
Concept and Development of E--Commerce
Reading Practice
Text A
Concept
Electronic commerce can be defined as the carrying out of once manual business transactions between cooperating parties using electronic means. The two main current classifications of ecommerce are business-to-business and business-to-consumer transactions. It involves more than the simple buying and selling of commodities and services - it includes such activities as share trading, ①electronic funds transfer, bills of lading, direct marketing to the consumer, and after-sales services, to mention but a few. New applications are being introduced on a daily basis.
Reading Practice
Development of E -commerce
Text A
E-commerce applications started in the early 1970s, with such innovations as ②Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT). However, the extent of the applications was limited to large corporations, financial institutions, and a few daring small business. Then came ③Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), which expanded from financial transactions to other transaction processing and enlarged the participating companies from financial institutions to manufacturers, retailers, services, and so on.
商务英语 Unit3 [武汉理工]
![商务英语 Unit3 [武汉理工]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d2da81eada38376baf1faee4.png)
Business Writing
Contracts
4. Agent must carry stocks of Manufacturer’s products for sale within the said territories and may fix the resale price thereof. 5. Agent is authorized to solicit orders for Manufacturer’s products and the sale thereof within the territories. 6. This Contract shall remain in force until terminated by either party by giving a written notice at least 90 days in advance to the other party by registered air mail. DALIAN ELECTRIC WORKS Co. LTD （Signature） POPULAR ELECTRIC APPLIANCES Co. LTD （Signature）
Text A
Cultural Awareness: an Essential Element of Doing Business Abroad
v. 危害 v. 更改 n. 裙带关系 adj. 非语言的 n. 猫头鹰 n. 开门见山 n. 难以解脱的困境 n. 斋月
4
Words and Expressions
13
Business Writing
Sample 3
Contracts
Contract No.304 Date：15th March 2000 SALES CONTRACT Messrs. International Trading Co. Pakistan. We as Seller confirm to have sold you as Buyer the following goods on the terms and conditions as stated bellow and on the back. PAYMENT：All irrevocable L/C, confirmed by the Chartered Band, Ltd INSURANCE：All risks are to be covered by us. PACKING：In export standard carton cases. DESTINATION：Pakistan. REFERENCE：Your order of 25th February, 2000 No. 512/28 SHIPPING MARK：INTERNATIONAL PAKISTAN No.1—35 BUYER INTERNATIOAL TRADING Co. SELLER ELECTRONICS WORKS LTD.
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Franchising 特许经营权：通过出让特许经营 权，那些快餐公司得以在全国推销他们的产品， 统一规格，并迅速扩大。
Reading: The Man behind McDonald’s 麦当劳餐馆的幕后人
Read the material and finish the form.
Time 1954
New Words & Expressions
validation n. （可靠性）检测 certify vt. 证明，保证 application n. 应用，运用 assurance n. 保证，担保，确信，断言 founder n. 创始人，奠基人 turnover n. 营业额 dramatically adv. 戏剧地 advertise vt. 做广告，登广告
3.2 Company performance 公司业绩
Focus 学习重点
熟悉与公司业务和业绩相关的词汇 学习掌握描述公司业绩的相关技能 练习在阅读过程中寻找具体信息 学习写公司新闻稿
New Words & Expressions
performance n. 业绩，成绩；性能 distribute vt. 配送，分发，分送 record profit 历史最高利润 vegetarian n. 素食者，adj. 素食的 organic adj. 使用有机肥料的 ingredient n. 配料，成分 nutritious adj. 有营养的 improve one’s image 改善形象
owner
scale
place
Fast food
1955 1961 Today
Answer:
Grammar: The past simple 一般过去时
The past simple is used （一般过去时用于）
To talk about actions that happened in the paswt. The time is specified, or understood from the context. （谈论发生在过去的动作。时间已点明或从上下文 可获知）
annual report 年终报告，年终终结
New Words & Expressions
share price 股票价格 proactive adj. 积极的，主动的 dedicated adj. 专注的，献身的 unique adj. 唯一的，独特的 access n. 接近（进入）的机会，接近（进入）的权利；
缺点
（1）投资者独自承担企业所有损失 （2）投资者对公司债务承担无限责 任
（3）资本金少，融资困难 （4）经营能力受投资人个人能力限 制
Partnership
（合伙公司）
优点
缺点
（1）投资人为2-25人，资本金 （1）控制权分散，每个合伙人都
较独资增加
对企业有控制权
（2）企业亏损由合伙人共担
（3） 由于合伙人多，有益于 增加客户数量和业务种类
Reading: Company profiles 公司简介
Last :英国在线预定公司是一家为 消费者提供最后一分钟购买机票、预订饭店、 假日旅游、娱乐演出入场券、餐馆定位以及送 货上门等各种各样服务的公司。公司拥有几百 万的注册客户，与万余家包括航空公司、饭店、 租车公司、娱乐场所和旅店等机构建立了长期 的合作关系。
（2）融资能力强，资本可 之于众
以很多
（3）所有权与经营权分离，
（3）股权转让容易
会产生经理人的越权问题
（4）高税收
Speaking: Presenting your company 介绍你的公司
Company name Type of company
Product/ Service offered
Background Knowledge （1） 新闻稿的“倒金字塔”结构(inverted pyramid) “倒金字塔”结构的特点就是将最重要、在最精彩的
新闻事实置于第一句/段，通常称“导语”(the lead) （2）新闻稿导语的特点 导语是龙头，导语写作是新闻稿成功的关键。导语要
入口 consolidate vt. 巩固 brochure n. 小册子 in this respect 在这个方面，在这个细节 maximum n. 最大量，最大限度，极大
Vocabulary: Verbs used to describe the activities of a company
不定式形式
run eat sleep drink have do
过去时
ran ate slept drank had did
Reading: Company profiles 公司简介
Background Knowledge
Easy jet:易捷航空公司是英国一家廉价航空公 司，也是欧洲头号低成本航空公司。该公司成 立于1995年， 由于只接受顾客通过网络订购 机票服务，没有任何中间环节，如今已成为英 国载客量第一的航空公司，其航线覆盖欧洲各 大城市和旅游度假地。
New Words & Expressions
contract n. & vt. 订合同，合同、契约 take delivery of 收货， 提取货物 merge vi. & vt. 合并 fleet 舰队 budget airline 低价航空公司 go public 上市，公开发售股票 business partner 生意伙伴，商业伙伴
New Words & Expressions
softdrink n. 软饮料；汽水 milkshake n. 奶昔 purchase vt. 买，购买 multimixer n. 多用混合器（机） exclusive distributor 独家批发商（代理商） open vi. & vt. 开设，开办，开张 expand vi. & vt. 扩大，扩张 corporation n. 公司
Do the exercises on page 28. Exercise 5.
Speaking: Presenting your company 介绍你的公司
Background Knowledge
Sole Trader/ Proprietorship 个人独资
优点
（1）经营收益由投资人独 享 （2） 组织机构简单 （3） 完全由投资人控制 （4） 税收抵
Fantasy 浪漫感：家庭式快餐店一方面要使人 感到是家外之家，一方面又要使人感到在那里 用餐是一种享受，甚至是一种冒险，一种刺激。
Fordism 福特主义：所谓福特主义，包括精密 分工，降低生产成本，节省生产时间，以及采 用自动化设备代替手工操作。快餐业的老板在 快餐制作方面，遵循美国汽车大王亨利福特流 水作业的方法，大量使用年轻的非熟练工人， 他们的活不固定，可以随时调换，从而使生产 既快又省。
entrepre’neurial adj. 企业家的
entrepreneur n. 企业家
New Words & Expressions
freelancer n. 自由职业者；自由撰稿人 millinonaire 网络百万富翁 celebrity n. 名人 Ku’wait City 科威特城（科威特首都） San Ber’nardino 圣贝纳迪诺（美国加利福尼
To talk about past states. （谈论过去的状态）
The past simple
规则动词
பைடு நூலகம்
不定式形式
talk play stop study travel prefer
过去时
talked played stopped studied travelled preferred
不规则动词
Reading: Company profiles 公司简介
The body shop: 美体小铺是一家著名的健康、 美容品连锁店， 始创于1976年，在英国开办 第一家店铺开始， 迄今为止已经在全球建立 了2，000家店铺， 在全球最杰出品牌的排列 中居于第27位。美体小铺产品采用植物、果蔬 调配而成，属纯天然产品。主要生产绿色美容 保养品和化妆品。
New Words & Expressions
banquet n. 宴会 manufacturer n. 制造业者，厂商 guarantee vt. & n. 保证，担保，担保人 symbol n. 象征，符号，记号 innovative adj. 创新的，革新的 sport utility vehicle 运动型多用途车 component n. 成分 optical instrument 光学仪器
design distribute manage market export supply manufacture
sell provide publish produce import organise
Do the exercises on page 30
Writing: Press release 新闻稿
New Words & Expressions
cosmetic n. 化妆品 inspire vt. 激发，启示， 使生灵感 philosophy n. 哲学 revolutionary adj. 革命的 raw material 原材料 supplier n. 供应者，厂商 ethical adj. 伦理的；道德的 travel agency 旅行社