英语国家主要国情上册7.British culture and customs
英国的特色文化和风俗英语作文
英国的特色文化和风俗英语作文The Unique Culture and Customs of the United Kingdom The United Kingdom, encompassing England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, is a rich tapestry of diverse cultures and traditions. Its history, stretching back over millennia, has shaped a unique blend of customs and practices that are both charming and intriguing.One of the most recognizable aspects of British culture is the royal family, headed by the Queen. The monarchy is not just a symbol of national pride but also a significant part of the country's heritage. The Queen, along with other members of the royal family, plays an active role in national events and charities, promoting unity and harmony among the people.Another distinctive feature of British culture is its love for tea. The afternoon tea, or "tea time," is a cherished tradition where families and friends gather to enjoy a cup of tea along with sandwiches, scones, and pastries. This custom dates back to the 19th century and is still widely practiced today.Sports play a pivotal role in British culture, with football (soccer) being the most popular. The Premier League, thetop-tier football league in England, attracts millions of fansfrom around the globe. The rich history and tradition of cricket, rugby, and horse racing are also integral to the British sports landscape.The British also pride themselves on their sense of humor, which is often dry, ironic, and self-deprecating. The British comedy industry, including sitcoms, stand-up comedy, and sketch shows, has produced many legendary comedians and is renowned worldwide.The British also value their heritage and traditions, evident in the preservation of historical buildings, monuments, and museums. The country is full of castles, abbeys, and cathedrals that tell the story of its rich past.In conclusion, the United Kingdom is a cultural melting pot where history, tradition, and modernity coexist harmoniously. Its unique blend of customs, traditions, and values makes it a fascinating destination for travelers seeking to immerse themselves in a rich and diverse cultural experience.。
英国文化 英语作文
英国文化英语作文British Culture: A Rich Tapestry of Traditions and Modernity。
British culture is a diverse and evolving blend of history, tradition, and modernity. Rooted in centuries of customs, British culture has adapted and grown with the changing times, making it an intriguing subject for exploration. This essay will delve into various aspects of British culture, including its traditions, literature, arts, music, sports, and social norms, to offer a comprehensive view of what makes it unique.Traditions and Customs。
One of the defining features of British culture is its strong adherence to tradition. From royal ceremonies to the quaint customs of small villages, these traditions have helped shape the British identity. The monarchy, for instance, is a cornerstone of British culture, with eventslike the Queen's birthday, Trooping the Colour, and the Changing of the Guard attracting thousands of tourists every year. These ceremonies, with their pomp and circumstance, reflect the deep-rooted respect for history and continuity.Another notable tradition is afternoon tea, a quintessentially British custom. It's not just about tea and scones; it's an opportunity for socializing and relaxation. Many Brits enjoy taking a break in the late afternoon to enjoy a pot of tea with finger sandwiches and pastries, a ritual that has spread across the globe as a symbol of British culture.Literature and Arts。
英国人的生活习惯
(The word pub is short for public house. )
Pubs are popular social meeting places
Pubs often have two bars, one usually quieter than the other, many have a garden where people can sit in the summer. Children can go in pub gardens with their parents.
The Dress of the British
The most common image people have of a typical Englishman is a man wearing a bowler hat, reading the Times newspaper, and carrying a long unopened umbrella.
Travel by car, van or taxi is by far the most common means of transport, accounting for 85 per cent of passenger mileage in Great Britain.
Public Houses (Pubs)
The Wedding Day
It is unlucky for the groom to see the bride on the wedding day before the service. Traditionally the bride wears a white dress and the groom wears a suit (top hat and tails).
初中阶段的英语国家和文化英语知识点
初中阶段的英语国家和文化英语知识点英语作为一门全球通用的语言，学习英语不仅仅是学习语言知识，还涉及到英语国家的文化、习俗和传统。
在初中阶段，学生需要掌握一些关于英语国家和文化的基本知识点。
本文将介绍一些与英语国家和文化相关的知识点。
1. 英语国家及其地理位置英语是英国的母语，但也广泛使用于其他国家和地区。
主要的英语国家包括英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰等。
这些国家分布在不同的大陆，有着各自独特的地理环境和人文特点。
2. 主要的英语国家文化每个英语国家都有其独特的文化特点。
比如英国文化以绅士风度、茶文化和冠冕堂皇的皇室传统而闻名；美国文化以自由、多元和创新为核心；加拿大文化强调多元文化以及对自然环境的保护。
学生需要了解这些文化特点，以便更好地理解和交流。
3. 英语国家的节日和庆典不同的英语国家有自己独特的节日和庆典。
比如英国的圣诞节、复活节和万圣节；美国的独立日和感恩节；加拿大的国庆日等。
学生可以通过学习这些节日和庆典，了解当地的文化习俗和传统。
4. 英语国家的体育文化体育在英语国家有着重要的地位，不同的体育项目也与当地文化紧密相连。
例如英式足球在英国是最受欢迎的运动，美国橄榄球和篮球在美国备受热爱，加拿大的冰球是国球。
了解英语国家的体育文化，对于拓宽学生的视野和培养体育兴趣都有益处。
5. 英语国家的饮食文化饮食文化也是了解一个国家的重要方面。
英语国家的饮食文化多种多样，比如英国的英式早餐、美国的汉堡和炸鸡、加拿大的枫糖浆等。
学生可以通过学习英语国家的饮食文化，了解不同国家的饮食习俗和传统。
6. 英语国家的名人和文化艺术英语国家涌现了众多的名人和文化艺术家。
通过了解一些英语国家的重要名人和文化艺术作品，学生可以进一步了解英语国家的历史和文化成就。
比如英国的莎士比亚、美国的爱默生和卡莱尔、加拿大的贝鲁特等。
7. 英语国家的教育体系英语国家的教育体系对于学生的成长和未来发展起到重要的影响。
了解英语国家的教育体系，可以帮助学生更好地规划自己的学习和职业发展。
英语国家概况复习题(2)
广东外语外贸大学成人高等教育《英语国家概况》第二套复习题I. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for True and F for False . ( 1.5 points each , 30 points in total )1.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.2.Thatcher’s revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British economic andsocial problems.3.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labour party and theConservative Party.4.Britain is the world’s leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.5.The fishing industry provides more than 50% of Britain’s demand for fish.6.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.7.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.8.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.10.The National Curriculum in Britain is compulsory in both the state system and the independentsystem.11.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.12.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favourable chance to enter famous universities thanthose from independent schools.13.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.14.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watchingtelevision in the evening.15.The Times is the world’s oldest national newspaper.16.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.17.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, the othersare related to local customs and traditions.18.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical andtropical zones.19.The Blacks brought from Africa to America usually worked on plantations or farms in the North.20.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throught the history.Answer keys: 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. F 7. T 8. F 9.F 10. F 11. T 12. T 13. T 14. T 15. F 16. F 17. T 18. T 19. F 20. FII. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements. (2 points each, 40 points in total)1. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every ___C______ years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six2. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a ____B_______ system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party3. The polices of the Conservative Party are characterized by progmatism and ___D__________.A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism4. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it ____A_____>A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic developent5. In _____B___, the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 19486. Of the following practices, ___C______ does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions7. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except ____D_____.A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality8. Britain has devoted ____C_____ of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D. 84%9. The car industy in Britain is mostly ____A_______.A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned10. Of the following sectors in Britain, ____C______ has experienced spectacular growth since the end ofWorld War II.A. agricultureB. energy industyC. service industyD. manufacturing industy11.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by theintroduction of comprehensive schools in the _______D____.A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s12. About __ B_____ of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independentsystem.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D.8%13. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining fundsfrom all the following sources except ______B_____.A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contribution14. Of the following, ____A______ is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references15. Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “ Big Three”with theexception of ____C______.A. The TimesB. The GuardianC.The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph16. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ___A______A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messagesC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime17. The state of __A_____ is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida18 The U.S. lies in ___A_______ North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its __________ and the Pacific to its __________.A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west19. The largest river in the U.S. is ____B_______.A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River20. Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located __C______.A. in the southB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest。
英语国家概况(中英)(57页)
英语国家概况（An Overview ofEnglishSpeaking Countries）一、英国（United Kingdom）1. 地理位置：英国位于欧洲大陆的西北边缘，由大不列颠岛、北爱尔兰和若干小岛组成。
2. 首都：伦敦（London），是英国的政治、经济、文化和交通中心。
3. 官方语言：英语4. 人口：约6600万，其中英格兰占最大比例。
5. 国旗：英国国旗被称为“米字旗”，由蓝、白、红三种颜色组成。
6. 经济：英国是世界上发达国家之一，拥有强大的金融、工业和科技实力。
7. 教育体系：英国教育体系享誉世界，牛津、剑桥等世界知名学府坐落于此。
8. 文化特色：英国有着丰富的历史文化底蕴，如莎士比亚、牛顿、披头士乐队等均诞生于此。
同时，英国也是现代足球的发源地。
二、美国（United States of America）1. 地理位置：美国位于北美洲，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，南接墨西哥湾和加勒比海，北邻加拿大。
2. 首都：华盛顿特区（Washington, D.C.），是美国政治中心。
3. 官方语言：英语4. 人口：约3.3亿，是世界上第三人口大国。
5. 国旗：美国国旗被称为“星条旗”，由红、白、蓝三种颜色组成。
6. 经济：美国是全球最大的经济体，拥有强大的科技创新能力和金融市场。
7. 教育体系：美国教育资源丰富，世界顶尖大学如哈佛、斯坦福等均位于此。
8. 文化特色：美国文化多元化，涵盖了欧洲、亚洲、非洲等多种文化元素。
好莱坞电影、NBA篮球、美式足球等在全球具有广泛影响力。
三、加拿大（Canada）1. 地理位置：加拿大位于北美洲北部，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接北冰洋，南邻美国。
2. 首都：渥太华（Ottawa），是加拿大的政治中心。
3. 官方语言：英语和法语4. 人口：约3800万，是世界上面积第二大国家。
5. 国旗：加拿大国旗被称为“枫叶旗”，由红、白两色组成。
6. 经济：加拿大经济发达，资源丰富，特别是石油、天然气和矿产资源。
主要英语国家概况第4版
主要英语国家概况第4版
主要英语国家指的是以英语为官方语言且主要使用英语进行交流和教育的国家。
以下是主要英语国家的概况：
1.英国(United Kingdom)：英国是英语的发源地，也是世界上第一个大规模使用英语的国家。
英国是欧洲经济强国，拥有丰富的文化遗产和历史背景。
2.美国(United States)：美国是世界上最大的英语国家，也是全球最强大的经济实体之一。
美国是一个多元文化的国家，拥有广泛的领土和各种气候条件。
3.加拿大(Canada)：加拿大是北美洲第二大国家，也是一个双语国家，英语和法语都是其官方语言。
加拿大是一个多元文化的国家，拥有丰富的自然景观和资源。
4.澳大利亚(Australia)：澳大利亚是一个位于南太平洋的国家，也是一个英联邦国家。
澳大利亚是一个高发达的国家，拥有现代化的城市和良好的教育体系。
5.新西兰(New Zealand)：新西兰是一个位于南太平洋的国家，也
是一个英联邦国家。
新西兰拥有优美的自然风光和多元文化的社会。
6.印度(India)：印度是世界上人口第二多的国家，也是一个广泛
使用英语的国家。
英语在印度是官方语言之一，广泛用于政府、商务
和教育领域。
7.南非(South Africa)：南非是非洲最发达的国家之一，也是一
个多元文化和多语言的国家。
英语是南非的官方语言之一，广泛用于
商务和教育领域。
以上是主要英语国家的概况，每个国家都有其独特的文化和特点，同时也是全球交流和教育的重要中心。
英语国家社会与文化入门(上册)(简称国概)英国重要单元之一A_Brief_Introduction_to_the_United_Kingdom
A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom该国，我们正在研究的全称是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
这是一个什么在许多方面是一个复杂的国家复杂的名字。
大多数人都知道做些什么，因为它的庞大的海外帝国给它一个重要的国际作用，只是来到一个在未来数年年底，之后第二次世界大战。
然而，一些市民对英国知道（他们可能会呼吁干脆英国或错误，英格兰）可能不大如何最真实的英国人今天过自己的生活。
0 一方面，帝国的日子已经足够长的时间以前，只有老人记得他们的任何东西是生活中的重要性。
英国不再是一个帝国的国家，尽管其帝国的影响可能常常在遇到的各种方式，而不是在与50或更多曾是这个帝国的一部分，和国家之间的密切关系，至少它通过一个松散的维持（自愿）组织的联系称为英联邦国家。
但更重要的英国国际关系今天是欧洲联盟，其中英国1973年以来的成员，这是在考虑更有用现代英国强调它的作用作为一个欧洲国家，而不是其英联邦成员资格。
它仍然是一个相对富裕的国家，是7国集团成员的大型发达经济体。
另外一个旧帝国的作用明显成效在于弥补的英国人口本身。
从这些英联邦国家，这在20世纪50年代和60年代鼓励一些移民，已制作了其中1人在20个非欧洲种族。
他们自己或其父母或祖父母，出生在印度或巴基斯坦，加勒比国家，这些只是最常见的。
0 这将引入什么是对英国的章节关键主题：因为是大多数情况下，或所有，国家是不可能总结了一些简单的对话英国人民。
英国认为谁，很多人认为的英国绅士。
但是，这仅仅是一个旧有的从未适用于英国绝大多数人来说，没有什么真正的有效性今天。
英国是一个国家，一个单一的护照，和一个政府及对其所有的主权，但作为国家的大力顾名思义，它是由不同的元素组成。
它包括4一个国家内的部分国家：大不列颠岛是由英格兰，苏格兰和威尔士，北爱尔兰，一份关于爱尔兰邻近的岛屿省份，完成设置。
因此，在讨论英国和英国的一些考虑，必须使这些分歧，例如：一个来自苏格兰的女人不会高兴，如果我们打电话给她的英国绅士？她是苏格兰和女性，并认为她的身份从不同的男人和不同的英语。
英语国家概况(汉英对照)
英语国家概况(汉英对照)Isles consist of two large islands and several hundred small islands。
The two large XXX larger and is the home of England。
Scotland。
XXX is also part of the United Kingdom and is locatedin the northern part of XXX。
the official name of the country isthe United Kingdom of Great XXX。
due to its length。
people often refer to it as Britain。
the United Kingdom。
or simply the UK。
The UK is a country located on the island of Great Britain。
with its capital in London。
Another country。
the Republic of Ireland or simply Ireland。
is also located on the island of Ireland。
It occupies the rest of the island。
in the south。
It gained independence in 1949 and its capital is Dublin.Ⅱ.英国的地理和气候2.Geography and Climate of the UK英国位于欧洲西北部，是一个由四个国家组成的岛国。
英格兰、苏格兰和XXX占据了大不列颠岛的大部分面积，而北爱尔兰则位于爱尔兰岛的东北部。
英国地形多样，有山地、丘陵、平原、海岸等。
英国的气候温和而多雨，因为受到暖流的影响，所以冬季不会太冷，夏季也不会太热。
有关英国风俗文化的英语作文
有关英国风俗文化的英语作文British customs and culture are a fascinating blend of history, tradition, and modernity. The United Kingdom, comprising England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, each has its own distinct cultural practices, yet they share a common heritage that has been shaped by centuries of monarchy, empire, and global influence.One of the most iconic aspects of British culture is its royal family. The monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II at its helm, is a symbol of national identity and continuity. The pomp and ceremony surrounding the royals, such as the Changing of the Guard at Buckingham Palace, attract millions of visitors each year. The British also have a deep appreciation for tradition, which is evident in their love for afternoon tea, a custom that involves enjoying tea along with a variety of dainty sandwiches, scones, and pastries.The British are known for their politeness and queuing etiquette. It's rare to see pushing or shoving in lines; instead, people wait patiently and maintain a respectful distance from one another. This sense of order and decorum extends to public transportation, where silence is the norm, and loud conversations are generally frowned upon.In terms of food, British cuisine has evolved significantly from the days of its infamous "stodgy" meals. Today, it offers a diverse culinary scene with a mix oftraditional dishes like fish and chips, full English breakfast, and shepherd's pie, as well as a wide array of international cuisines due to its multicultural society.The British have a strong affinity for sports,particularly football (soccer). Matches often draw passionate crowds, and the sport is deeply ingrained in the culture. Additionally, the UK has a rich literary history, withauthors like William Shakespeare, Jane Austen, and more recently, J.K. Rowling, contributing to a love for thewritten word that is still prevalent today.Music is another area where British culture has made a significant impact globally. From the Beatles to Adele,British musicians have influenced the world with their unique sounds and styles. The UK also hosts numerous music festivals, such as Glastonbury and Reading, which are major events inthe cultural calendar.Education is highly valued in Britain, with prestigious institutions like Oxford and Cambridge Universities at the forefront of academic excellence. The British educationsystem is known for its rigorous standards and has produced numerous Nobel laureates and leaders in various fields.In conclusion, British customs and culture are a complex tapestry woven from the threads of history, tradition, and innovation. The British people's love for their heritage is matched by their openness to new ideas and cultures, makingthe UK a dynamic and vibrant place to experience.。
英语国家概况英国部分答案
Chapter One1.Blank fillings:1)England;2)Ben Nevis;3)North Sea;4)Britain;5)British;6)cotton;7)agricultural;8)Iberians;9)Birmingham;10)Liverpool2.Questions:1)To other Europeans, the best known quality of the British, and of the English in particular, is"reserve".2)The reluctance to communicate with others tends to give the impression of coldness, and it istrue that the English (except perhaps in the North) are nor noted for their generosity and hospitality. On the other hand, they are perfectly human behind their barrier of reserve, and may be quite pleased when a friendly stranger or foreigner succeeds for a time in breaking the barrier down.3)The English self-deprecation, mixed with their reserve, often produces a sort of general air ofindifference which appears to foreigners as a pose, difficult to understand and irritating.4)Along with the political campaign for home-rule there were groups who followed a moredirect method of pursuing Irish independence, engaging in guerilla or terrorist activities against British institutions and the British military forces. During the First World War and immediately after, this activity increased, sometimes brutally suppressed by British forces. 5)Y es, there are. The close long-standing relationship means that modern Wales lacks some ofthe outward signs of difference which Scotland possesses—its legal system and its education system are exactly the same as in England. Often official statistics are given for "England and Wales". However, Wales is different, and one of the key markers of that difference is the Welsh language—the old British Celtic tongue which is still in daily use.3. T erms for explanation:1) Union Jack: flag of United Kingdom: the flag of the United Kingdom, which combines the flags of England, Scotland, and Ireland.2) Lake District: region of mountains and lakes in Cumbria, northwestern England. The district extends about 50 km/30 mi from north to south and 40 km/25 mi from east to west.3) The Bible: also called the Holy Bible, the sacred book or Scriptures of Judaism and of Christianity.4) The Puritans: members of a group of Protestants in 16th- and 17th-century England and 17th-century America who believed in strict religious discipline and called for the simplification of acts of worship.5) Great Charter: document sealed by King John of England on June 15, 1215, in which he made a series of promises to his subjects that he would govern England and deal with his vassals according to the customs of feudal law (see Feudalism). Over the course of centuries, these promises have required governments in England (and in countries influenced by English tradition) to follow the law in dealing with their citizens.4. Analysis and comments:1) In the United Kingdom, the upper classes are the aristocracy and royalty, with wealth playing a less important role in class status. Many aristocratic peerages or titles have …seats‟ attached to them, with the holder of the title (e.g. Earl of Bristol) and his family being the custodians of the house, but not the owners. Many of these require high expenditures, so wealth is typically needed. Many aristocratic peerages and their homes are parts of estates, owned and run by the title holder with moneys generated by the land, rents, or other sources wealth. The middle class is the most contested of the three categories, the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the lower and upper classes. Lower class are those employed in low-paying wage jobs with very little economic security.2) It was sealed under oath by King John at Runnymede, on the bank of the River Thames near Windsor, England. Magna Carta was the first document forced onto a King of England by a group of his subjects, the feudal barons, in an attempt to limit his powers by law and protect their rights. The charter is widely known throughout the English speaking world as an important part of the protracted historical process that led to the rule of constitutional law in England and beyond.Chapter T wo1.Blank fillings:1)parliamentary democracy;2)the House of Commons, the House of Lords;3)the House of Commons;4)the Queen;5)executive;6)constitution;7)European Union (EU)；8)military equipment;9)The Lord Chancellor;10)proven guilty2.Questions:1)The contemporary foreign policy of the UK is greatly influenced by its imperial history andalso by its geopolitical traits. Perhaps the most important single factor which influences British policy-makers is its history.2)The word "parliament" comes from the verb "to parley", that is, to discuss or talk. The termwas first used officially in 1236 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and towns which the king occasionally summoned if he wanted to raise money.3)There are three major national parties: The Conservative party and the Labour party are thetwo biggest, and any general election is really about which of those two is going to govern.But there is a third important party, the Liberal Democrats, who usually receive up to about 20% of the votes: not enough to form a government, but enough to have a big impact on which of the other two parties does so. The Conservative Party spent most time in power4)The House of Commons.5)The party that wins most votes in general election and the leader of this winning party wouldbecome Prime Minister.3.T erms for explanation:1)Britain‟s legislature is made up of the House of Commons, the House of Lords and the kingin his constitutional role. The House of Commons has 651 elected Members of Parliament (MPs), who represent local constituencies. The center of parliamentary power is the House of Commons.2)The nonelected upper house of Parliament in the United Kingdom, made up of life peers,some hereditary peers, and some bishops.3)In British criminal trials the accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty. Trials are inopen court and the accused is represented by a lawyer. Most cases are tried before layjustices sitting without a jury. The more serious cases are tried in the higher courts before a jury of 12 (15 in Scotland) which decides guilt or innocence.4)Actions brought to court are usually tried without a jury. Higher courts deal with morecomplicated civil cases. Most judgments are for sums of money, and the costs of an action are generally paid by the losing party.5)The Lord Chancellor is the head of the judiciary branch of government.4. Analysis and comments:1) Constitutional monarchy is a form of democratic government in which a nonpolitical monarch acts as head of state within the boundaries of a constitution, whether written or unwritten.[1] While the monarch may hold formal reserve powers and while government officially takes place in the monarch‟s name, they do not set public policy or choose political leaders. Political scientist V ernon Bogdanor, paraphrasing Thomas Macaulay, has defined a constitutional monarch as "a sovereign who reigns but does not rule." This form of government differs from absolute monarchy, in which the monarch controls political decision-making and is not effectively bound by a constitutional order.2) Debates can be witnessed very commonly in House of Commons. They take place sometimes in harmony, but more times in a very heated situation. Think about if the debates necessary in House of Commons.Chapter Three1.Blank fillings:1)Banking;2)Insurance;3)service;4)manufacturing;5)North Sea;6)Margaret Thatcher;7)military;8)1970s;9)London;10)service;11)electronics2.Questions:1)By the 1880s the British economy was dominant in the world, producing one third of theworld‟s manufactured goods, half its coal and iron, half its cotton.2)But even by 1900 this was no longer the case, the UK having been overtaken by both theUnited States and Germany; and certainly from 1945 until the present, the story of the UK economy is usually thought of as one of decline.3)India, popularly known as "The Jewel in the Crown" of the British Empire, gained itsindependence in 1947.4)This has a number of consequences for British society, mainly positive, though with someindirect negative effects. On the positive side such immigrant groups bring their culture with them, which increases the variety and interest within British culture: for example, the UK, which used to have a bad reputation for food, now has a cuisine as varied as any, with Indian and Chinese restaurants in every community, as well as many other varieties in bigger cities.This variety in restaurant food has resulted in more experimentation at home, so that shops now carry a much wider variety of goods to supply the demand, and there are many TV programmes and books devoted to all kinds of different cooking. The negative side of things lies largely in the attitude of some of their white neighbours.5)While there is a growing ethnic minority middle-class, and many individual success stories,by most measures the immigrant population is worse-off economically speaking than the white population as a whole. Individuals from ethnic minorities are more likely to be unemployed; and they are under-represented in politics too, though there are now a number of black and Asian MPs. But there are also a number of small political parties in the UK with overtly racist policies.3.T erms for explanation:1)Conservative Party (Britain), oldest political party in the United Kingdom. The ConservativeParty evolved as the successor to the Tory Party in the 1830s. It is known in full as the Conservative and Unionist Party. The party‟s tenets of conservatism inclu de the continuance of monarchical parliamentary government. Until after the end of World War II in 1945 imperialism was also a major force in British conservatism. For decades Northern Ireland‟s major political party, the Ulster Unionist Organization, was an integral part of Britain‟s Conservative Party, but that relationship has eroded considerably. The Scottish Conservative and Unionist Association also is related to the larger unit but has a separate existence.2)Margaret Thatcher, born in 1925, British politician and the first woman to hold the office ofprime minister of the United Kingdom. The winner of three consecutive general elections, Thatcher served as prime minister from 1979 to 1990. She was the longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century.3)The London Stock Exchange, one of the largest exchanges in the world, has always been afocus of international trade. In 1986 it was substantially deregulated, an event known as the Big Bang in financial circles. This led to the rapid expansion of products, markets, and numbers of employees, a movement that slowed in the early 1990s but has since rebounded.4)HSBC:HSBC Holdings plc is a British multinational banking and financial servicescompany headquartered in London, England, United Kingdom. It is one of the world‟s largest banks.5)Second Industrial Revolution: The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as theTechnological Revolution, was a phase of the larger Industrial Revolution corresponding to the latter half of the 19th century until World War I. It is considered to have begun around the time of the introduction of Bessemer steel in the 1860s and culminated in early factory electrification, mass production and the production line.4. Analysis and comments:1) Town and country planning in the United Kingdom is the part of English land law which concerns land use planning. Its goal is to ensure sustainable economic development and a better environment. Each country of the United Kingdom has its own planning system that is responsible for town and country planning devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly.2) Based on the collection of history of two countries‟ economic development, a summary can be made.Chapter Four1.Blank fillings:1)owner occupation,2)semi-detached,3)Detached houses,4)Class,5)Christmas,6)Boxing Day,7)Easter egg,8)The Guardian,9)1400,10)The Broadcasting Act2.Questions:1)There are, broadly speaking, four main types of home. The first kind are "flats" (orapartments), of varying size, often in modern multi-storey purpose-built buildings, though sometimes made by sub-dividing big old houses. Flats are often publicly owned. The second kind are "terraced" houses: that is, individual two-storey houses built joining on to each other at each side in a terrace or row. The second kind are "terraced" houses: that is, individual two-storey houses built joining on to each other at each side in a terrace or row; the fourth one is “detached.”2)(Open ended)3)On an average day, 90 per cent of Britons over the age of 15 read a national or local paper.And in the evening, most Britons settle down to watch some television: 96 percent of the population watch TV at least once a week, making it Britain‟s most popular leisure activity.The third most popular pastime, after watching telly and reading newspapers, is listening to the radio, an activity in which 73 per cent of the population engages in on a weekly basis. It is obvious, then, that the media are central to British leisure culture.4)British newspaper culture is unusual in the extent to which class and educational differencesare reflected in the newspapers people read. In other developed countries like Japan and the United States, newspaper reading is a mainly middle-class habit, but in Britain the "lower classes" are also regular readers.5)While officially speaking the British press is "free" from government control and censorshipand can print what it likes, there are limits to what will appear in the daily paper.3.T erms for explanation:1)Terraced houses: refer to those individual two-storey houses built joining on to each other ateach side in a terrace or row. They often have two rooms downstairs and two bedrooms upstairs, plus a small kitchen and bathroom in a projection(突出部分) at the back. These kinds of houses are most common in inner-city areas.2)Detached houses: the most desirable houses for the British people to live in. They usuallystand alone with garden on all sides separating them a little from their neighbours. It might be one-storey house, called bungalow or two. These houses are usually built in the suburban areas.3)The Christmas Pantomime: a typical British Christmas tradition. It is a comical musical playusually based on a popular traditional children‟s story. There are two ma in characters in the play: “the principal boy”, played by a young woman, and “the Dame”（滑稽老太婆角色）, played by a man. It is a play with songs and jokes which can be enjoyed by both adults and children.4)Boxing Day: a typical British tradition celebrated on the day after Christmas. People used togive Christmas gifts or money to their staff or servants on this day. And now they mostly do shopping, pay visits, enjoy eating or just relax.5)The Financial Times: The Financial Times (FT) is a British English-language internationaldaily newspaper with a special emphasis on business and economic news internationally. The paper, published by Pearson PLC in London, was founded in 1888 by James Sheridan and Horatio Bottomley, and merged with its closest rival, the Financial News (which had been founded in 1884) in 1945.4.Analysis and comments:1) The United Kingdom has one of the world‟s oldest established newspaper industries. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, as the British economy began to industrialise, as the democratic franchise was extended to larger segments of the population, and as literacy levels rose through the introduction of mass education, more and more newspapers began to appear. They began to influence British society and people‟s life. T ry to gather different types of newspaper and their functions as a further study.2) In cultural studies, media culture refers to the current western capitalist society that emerged and developed from the 20th century, under the influence of mass media. The term alludes to the overall impact and intellectual guidance exerted by the media (primarily TV, but also the press, radio and cinema), not only on public opinion but also on tastes and values.Chapter Five1. Blank fillings:1)Reading, Writing, Arithmetic2)A-level3)Flexibility4)Oxbridge5)glorious wit6)church7)math, physics, computer science and economics8)12th and 13th centuries9)Forty10)tutorial2.Questions:1)In the UK, the amount of funding each university receives is based on its size, the number ofstudents it teaches, and the research it conducts. So far, the UK has only one privately funded university, the University of Buckingham.2)The British education system is run by the state.3)Cambridge University and Oxford University.4)The goal of British education is to socialize children.5)(Open ended)3.T erms for explanation:1) middle-class man: The middle class is a class of people in the middle of a societal hierarchy. In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class. The common measures of what constitutes middle class vary significantly among cultures.2) “A-level”: A-level—is an academic qualification offered by educational bodies in the United Kingdom and the British Crown dependencies to students completing secondary or pre-university education.3) “Oxbridge”: Oxbridge is a portmanteau of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, and the term is used to refer to them collectively, often with implications of perceived superior social status. "Oxbridge" can be used as a noun referring to either or both universities or as an adjective describing them or their students.4) working-class: The working class (or lower class, labouring class, sometimes proletariat) are those employed in lower tier, subordinate jobs. These typically include blue-collar jobs, but also include large amounts of white collar and service work.5) tutorial system: At Cambridge University and Oxford University, undergraduates are taught in the tutorial system. Students are taught by faculty fellows in groups of one to three on a weekly basis. At Cambridge, these are called "supervisions" and at Oxford they are called "tutorials." One benefit of the tutorial system is that students receive direct feedback on their weekly essays or work in a small discussion setting.4.Analysis and comments:1) There are advantages in attending schools abroad. Students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures. Students can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries. Students can learn foreign languages more quickly. However, there some disadvantages. Most of the students are too young to live by themselves without any living experience. Besides, being far away from their home country, they may feel lonely and homesick. Of course the costs are much.2) Knowledge/ Discipline/ hardworking/ creativity/ imagination/…。
UK英国介绍
Prime Minister (Head of Government) David Cameron
PARLIAMENT The Supreme Legislative Body
• Upper House/House of Lords & Lower House/ House of Commons are a two chamber Senate also known as a bicameral legislative. Each having their own powers • The Queen is the third part of the Legislature
TRADITIONAL BREAKFAST
• consists of eggs, bacon, sausages, fried bread, baked beans and mushrooms. Even though not many people will eat this for breakfast today, it is always served in hotels and guest houses around Britain
THE U.K
It is a country in its own right and consist of foห้องสมุดไป่ตู้r constituent countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
POPULATION As of 2010 the UK population is around 62,262,000 making it the nd largest populated country in 22 the world.
英语国家概况笔记整理
英语国家概况笔记整理英语国家概况：英语是目前世界上使用最广泛的语言之一，被称为国际语言。
以下是关于英语国家的概况。
1. 英语国家概述英语国家是指以英语作为官方语言或重要语言的国家。
主要的英语国家包括英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、爱尔兰等。
此外，英语也是许多其他国家和地区的官方语言或教育语言，如印度、菲律宾、南非等。
2. 英国英国是英语的发源地和最重要的英语国家之一。
它由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成。
英国是一个世界上最多元化和文化历史最悠久的国家之一，拥有众多的名胜古迹，如大本钟、巨石阵、伦敦塔等。
3. 美国美国是世界上最大的英语国家之一，拥有丰富的资源和多元文化。
美国是一个移民国家，人口大部分由来自不同国家的移民组成。
美国的经济实力雄厚，是世界上最大的经济体之一。
美国的主要城市有纽约、洛杉矶、芝加哥等。
4. 加拿大加拿大是世界上第二大国家，拥有广袤的土地和丰富的自然资源。
英语和法语是加拿大的两种官方语言，但英语在加拿大的大部分地区得到广泛使用。
加拿大是一个文化多元化的国家，各个城市和地区拥有不同的文化特点。
5. 澳大利亚澳大利亚位于南半球，是世界上最大的岛屿国家。
澳大利亚是一个拥有多种语言和文化的国家，但英语是其主要语言。
悉尼和墨尔本是澳大利亚最大的城市，也是该国的文化和商业中心。
6. 新西兰新西兰位于太平洋地区，是一个自然环境优美的国家。
英语是该国的官方语言，也是教育、商务和政府机构使用的主要语言。
新西兰是一个小而友好的国家，拥有丰富的户外活动和独特的文化。
7. 爱尔兰爱尔兰位于欧洲西部，是一个英语国家，英语是该国的官方语言。
爱尔兰是一个美丽而古老的国家，有着浓厚的文化和历史。
爱尔兰以其独特的音乐、文学和舞蹈而闻名，如爱尔兰民谣和著名的作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯。
8. 其他英语国家除了以上国家，英语也是印度、菲律宾、南非等许多国家和地区的官方语言或教育语言。
这些国家拥有丰富的历史和文化遗产，每个国家都有自己独特的文化和风景。
英国习俗作文英语
British Customs: A Glimpse into the Heart of the NationThe United Kingdom, a country rich in history and tradition, is renowned for its unique customs and practices. These customs, which have been passed down through generations, form an integral part of British culture and are a source of pride for the people. In this article, I will explore some of the most fascinating British customs, shedding light on the values and traditions that make the UK a distinctive and vibrant nation.One of the most enduring British customs is the tradition of afternoon tea. Originating in the 19th century, this custom involves taking a break in the afternoon to enjoy a cup of tea, accompanied by sandwiches, cakes, and scones. The afternoon tea is not just a meal; it is a social event where friends and family gather to chat and catch up over a cup of tea. This custom is deeply ingrained in British culture and is considered an essential part of the British way of life.Another British custom that is closely associated with social gatherings is the queue. The British areknown for their love of queuing, and it is considered a sign of good manners and respect to join a queue patiently without pushing or cutting in. Whether it is for buying tickets, waiting for a bus, or entering a popular restaurant, the British will form a neat and orderly queue without any fuss or complaints. This custom is a testament to the British sense of fairness and discipline.The British are also known for their love of gardens and gardening. Many British homes have beautiful gardens, and the people take great pride in maintaining them. One of the most popular gardening customs in the UK is the Chelsea Flower Show, which attracts gardeners from all over the world. This event is a celebration of horticulture and is an opportunity for gardeners to showcase their creativity and skills. The British love for gardens is also reflected in their national obsession with the weather, which is often a topic of conversation in social gatherings.The British have a deep respect for their monarchy and royal family. The Queen, who is the head of state, is a symbol of unity and continuity and is widelyrevered by the people. Royal ceremonies, such as the State Opening of Parliament and the Trooping the Color, are grand affairs that attract thousands of spectators and are broadcast live on television. The British also celebrate national holidays such as the Queen's Birthday and Remembrance Sunday with great enthusiasm and patriotism.The British are also known for their love of sports, and football is by far the most popular sport in the country. The Premier League, which is the top division of English football, is watched by millions of fans all over the world. The British passion for football is not just limited to the pitch; it extends to the terraces, where fans sing and cheer their teams with great fervor. Other popular sports in the UK include cricket, rugby, and tennis.The British have a unique sense of humor that is often expressed through satire and irony. British humor is dry and witty, and it is not afraid to poke fun at authority and tradition. The British are also known for their love of puns and wordplay, which is evident intheir literature, comedy shows, and even in everyday conversation.In conclusion, the United Kingdom is a nation that is steeped in tradition and custom. These customs, which range from the formal ceremony of the Queen's Birthday to the informal gathering of friends for afternoon tea, are an integral part of British culture and are a source of pride for the people. They reflect the values and traditions that have been passed down through generations and have helped to shape the unique character of the British nation. Whether you are visiting the UK for the first time or have been living there for years, a deeper understanding of these customs is sure to enhance your appreciation and enjoyment of this fascinating country.。
英语国家主要国情上册7.British culture and customs
9. Pentecost(圣灵降临日),是Easter后的第7 个星期天,也称为White Sunday。
10. April Fool's Day(愚人节),每年4月1日,该 节日出自于庆祝“春分点”(vernal equinox) 的来临,在4月1日受到恶作剧愚弄的人称为 “四月愚人”(April Fools)。
British culture and customs
2008/2012 奥运会开幕式和闭幕式上的伦敦 伦敦巴士、看报纸的市民……
Popular pastime in Britain : • watching telly, • reading newspaper • listening to the radio P132
British newspaper culture is unusual in the extent to which class and educational differences are reflected in the newspaper people read.
Most natiபைடு நூலகம்nal newspapers in Britain express a political opinion and people choose the newspaper that they read according to their own political beliefs.
5. One for sorrow, Two for mirth, Three for wedding, Four for birth. 看见一只喜鹊会带来坏运和悲伤，看见两只 带来好运和快乐，看见三只带来结婚的喜讯， 看见四只就有新生儿的消息。
6.If you break a mirror, you will have seven year's bad luck. 如果打破镜子，会带来７年的霉运！
英国的文化英语作文
英国的文化英语作文Title: Exploring British Culture: A Journey Through English Customs and Traditions。
Introduction:The United Kingdom, renowned for its rich history and diverse heritage, boasts a culture that is both distinctive and captivating. From its iconic landmarks to its cherished traditions, British culture reflects a tapestry woven with centuries of influence. In this essay, we delve into the essence of British culture, exploring its customs, traditions, and societal norms.1. Historical Legacy:Britain's cultural tapestry is deeply interwoven with its historical legacy. The country's storied past, marked by conquests, revolutions, and innovations, has left an indelible mark on its cultural landscape. From the Romanoccupation to the Norman conquest, each era has contributed to shaping British identity.2. Iconic Landmarks:No exploration of British culture would be complete without mentioning its iconic landmarks. From the majesty of Buckingham Palace to the timelessness of Stonehenge, these landmarks serve as enduring symbols of British heritage. Tourists from around the world flock to marvel at the architectural marvels that dot the British landscape.3. Royal Tradition:At the heart of British culture lies its fascination with royalty. The monarchy, with its pomp and pageantry, remains a central pillar of British identity. From coronations to royal weddings, the British people eagerly embrace the traditions associated with their royal family, fostering a sense of national pride and unity.4. Afternoon Tea:One of Britain's most cherished traditions is theritual of afternoon tea. Dating back to the 19th century, afternoon tea is a quintessentially British custom that celebrates the art of conversation and companionship. From delicate sandwiches to freshly baked scones, afternoon tea offers a delightful respite from the hustle and bustle of daily life.5. Sporting Heritage:Sports hold a special place in the hearts of theBritish people, serving as a source of passion and camaraderie. Whether it's the thrill of football matches at Wembley Stadium or the elegance of Wimbledon, sports play an integral role in British culture, fostering a sense of community and national pride.6. Literary Legacy:Britain's literary legacy is unparalleled, with a rich tradition of storytelling that has captivated readers forcenturies. From the works of William Shakespeare to the novels of Jane Austen, British literature offers a window into the nation's psyche, exploring themes of love, loss, and human nature.7. Music and Arts:From the timeless melodies of The Beatles to the innovative sounds of Adele, British music has influenced generations of listeners around the world. Likewise,British art, with its vibrant creativity and rich history, continues to inspire audiences far and wide, showcasing the nation's artistic prowess.8. Cultural Diversity:Despite its long history, British culture is not stagnant but continues to evolve with the changing times. The influx of immigrants from around the globe has infused British society with a rich tapestry of cultures, contributing to its diversity and vibrancy.Conclusion:In conclusion, British culture is a tapestry woven with the threads of history, tradition, and innovation. From its iconic landmarks to its cherished customs, Britain's cultural heritage continues to captivate and inspire people around the world. As we navigate the complexities of the modern world, it is essential to celebrate and preserve the essence of British culture, ensuring that its legacy endures for generations to come.。
高一英语人教版《英语国家文化》教案
高一英语人教版《英语国家文化》教案教学目标：1. 通过学习本课时，学生将了解英语国家的一些文化特点，并能够用英语进行简单的介绍和比较。
2. 提高学生的跨文化交际能力，培养学生的跨文化意识和理解能力。
3. 培养学生的听、说、读、写、译等综合语言运用能力。
教学重点：1. 掌握英语国家的一些文化特点和习俗，如英国的习惯用语、美国的感恩节等。
2. 能够用英语对不同国家的文化进行简单的比较和介绍。
教学难点：1. 学会如何用英语对不同国家的文化进行比较和介绍。
2. 学生之间的跨文化交际能力的培养。
教学准备：1. 教师准备：教案、多媒体课件、图片、英语国家文化相关资料等。
2. 学生准备：学生预习教材相关内容，准备课堂讨论。
教学过程：Step 1: Lead-in1. Greeting and warm-up:- Greet the students and ask them a general question about English-speaking countries, e.g., "What do you know about the culture of English-speaking countries?"- Allow students to share their ideas and discuss them briefly as a class.2. Introduce the topic:- Show pictures or real objects related to the culture of English-speaking countries, such as traditional food, landmarks, festivals, etc.- Briefly introduce the importance of learning about different cultures and how it can enhance our communication skills.Step 2: Presentation1. Present cultural information:- Use the multimedia courseware to present key cultural information about English-speaking countries, such as the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, etc.- Introduce aspects like language, customs, holidays, traditions, and famous landmarks.- Engage the students by asking questions related to the presented information and encourage them to share their thoughts and experiences.2. Provide additional cultural examples:- Share interesting stories or anecdotes related to the culture of English-speaking countries.- Show videos or play audio clips of native speakers discussing their culture.- Encourage students to ask questions and express their opinions on the presented cultural aspects.Step 3: Practice1. Group discussion:- Divide the class into small groups and assign each group a specific English-speaking country.- Instruct the students to discuss and compare the cultural aspects of the assigned country with their own culture.- Monitor the groups and provide assistance if needed.- After the discussion, invite representatives from each group to share their findings with the whole class.2. Role-play or presentation:- Assign students different roles or topics related to the culture of English-speaking countries.- Ask them to prepare a short role-play or presentation demonstrating their understanding of the cultural aspects they were assigned.- Provide feedback and encourage classmates to ask questions or provide comments after each performance.Step 4: Consolidation1. Reflection and summary:- Lead a class discussion on the importance of understanding different cultures and the impact it has on effective communication.- Summarize the main points covered in the lesson regarding the culture of English-speaking countries.2. Homework assignment:- Assign students a task to research and write a short essay on their favorite English-speaking country's culture, highlighting its unique aspects and why they find it interesting.- Encourage them to use appropriate language and cultural references.扩展延伸：1. 提供更多英语国家的文化案例；2. 邀请外教或英语国家的同学来分享他们的文化经验；3. 创设跨文化交流的情境，让学生进行实际交流。
英语国 家文化背景知识的介绍
英语国家文化背景知识的介绍《英语国家文化背景知识的介绍》当我们学习英语时，了解英语国家的文化背景知识是至关重要的。
这不仅能帮助我们更好地理解语言本身，还能让我们在交流中避免误解，增进与英语国家人士的沟通和理解。
英语国家主要包括英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰等。
每个国家都有其独特的文化特点和历史背景，这些因素共同塑造了它们的社会风貌和人民的价值观。
先来说说英国。
英国是一个拥有悠久历史和丰富文化遗产的国家。
它的传统文化可以追溯到古罗马时期。
英国的皇室文化是其独特的一部分，皇室成员的活动和生活常常成为媒体和公众关注的焦点。
英国的文学成就也举世闻名，从莎士比亚的戏剧到简·奥斯汀的小说，这些经典作品在世界文学史上占据着重要地位。
英国的礼仪文化也十分讲究，例如在社交场合中，人们注重穿着得体、举止优雅。
美国是一个多元文化的大熔炉。
作为一个移民国家，它融合了来自世界各地的文化元素。
美国的价值观强调个人自由、平等和追求梦想。
从好莱坞的电影到百老汇的音乐剧，美国的娱乐文化在全球范围内有着广泛的影响力。
美国的体育文化也十分发达，如篮球、橄榄球和棒球等运动深受民众喜爱。
同时，美国的科技创新文化也推动了全球的科技进步，许多知名的科技公司都诞生于此。
加拿大是一个以其美丽的自然风光和友好的人民而闻名的国家。
其文化受到了英国、法国和原住民文化的影响。
多元文化政策使得加拿大成为一个包容和和谐的社会。
加拿大的艺术和音乐领域也有着出色的表现，同时，其教育体系在国际上也备受赞誉。
澳大利亚是一个充满活力和创新的国家。
其独特的自然环境塑造了澳大利亚人的生活方式和价值观。
澳大利亚的户外运动文化十分盛行，如冲浪、徒步和露营等。
澳大利亚的原住民文化也是其宝贵的财富，他们的艺术和传统对于澳大利亚的文化多样性做出了重要贡献。
新西兰以其纯净的自然景观和悠闲的生活节奏而闻名。
毛利文化是新西兰文化的重要组成部分，毛利人的传统舞蹈、音乐和艺术形式展现了其独特的魅力。
致用英语英语国家概况14课英国的传统与习俗
Traditions and Customs in the UK
• • • • • • Food and Drinks Music and Literature Religions and Beliefs Sports and Hobbies Social Manners and Etiquettes Traditional Festivals
Traditions and Customs in the UK
• Traditional Festivals
Christian festivals: Christmas: giving gifts & spending it with family Easter: the Resurrection of Christ Easter eggs Other festivals: New Year’s Day; Guy Fawkes Day; April Fools’ Day
Traditions and Customs in the UK
• Social Manners and Etiquettes
1、punctuality 2、invitation: respond clearly, if change, inform as far in advance as possible polite to bring a gift a thank-you note or telephone call a dinner invitation: tell any dietar food serving: “family style”; “buffet style”; “serving style” 3、personal space
英国的传统英语作文
British TraditionsEngland is a country rich in culture and history, boasting a diverse array of traditions that have been passed down through generations. These traditions, ranging from festive celebrations to unique customs, form the heart and soul of the nation.One of the most prominent British traditions is the Royal Family. The monarchy is deeply ingrained in British society, and the Royal Family plays a significant role in various cultural and ceremonial events. From the annual Trooping the Colour parade to the Christmas Day broadcast, the Royal Family's presence adds a sense of grandeur and tradition to these occasions.Another beloved British tradition is the celebration of various festivals and holidays. Christmas, for instance, is a time of joy and merriment, with families gathering to exchange gifts, enjoy a traditional Christmas dinner, and sing carols. The annual New Year's Eve celebrations in London, with the iconic Big Ben chiming in the new year, are also a major draw for tourists and locals alike.In the realm of sports, cricket is a national pastime in England. The game has a long and illustrious history, and its popularity is evident in the number of cricket grounds and clubs across the country. The annual Ashes series between England and Australia is a highly anticipated event, with fans from both countries tuning in to watch the intense rivalry unfold.Tea drinking is also a deeply ingrained British tradition. The afternoon tea, consisting of sandwiches, scones, and a variety of teas, is a time-honored custom that allows people to take a break from their busy schedules and enjoy a leisurely moment. Lastly, British literature and theatre occupy a prestigious position in the cultural landscape. From the works of Shakespeare to modern authors, English literature has a profound impact on the world. Similarly, the theatres in London, such as the West End, are renowned for theirworld-class productions and performances.In conclusion, the traditions of England are a testament to its rich history and vibrant culture. From the Royal Family to festive celebrations, sports, tea drinking, and literature, these traditions continue to shape the identity of the nation and bring joy to its people.。
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3.If you walk under a ladder, you will have bad luck. 如果从工作梯下走过，会带来坏运气
4.If a girl catches the bride‘s bouquet after a wedding, she will be the next to marry. 如果一个女孩在婚礼后接到新娘抛下的花束， 她将会是下一个步入礼堂的人
英国文化与习俗
英国的国民特性与其文化背景密切相关。 英国人性格孤僻，生活刻板，办事认真， 对外界事情不感兴趣，对新鲜事物持谨慎 态度，具有独特的冷静的幽默。
他们保守、冷漠，感情轻意不外露，即便 有很伤心的事，也常常不表现出来。
• 他们守旧，一般都热衷于墨守成规，矜持庄重。 • 一般家庭喜爱以前几代传下来的旧家俱、旧摆 设、旧钟表而炫耀于人。首都伦敦有许多“百 年老店”，而且越是著名的商店，越对原有的 式样或布置保持得越完整。
7.If you talk of the Devil, he will appear. 如果谈论恶魔，它将会出现
8.If you see a small spider, you will get a lot of money. 如果看到小蜘蛛，会带财运 。以蜘蛛来塑造” 超人”的用意不无脉络可循！毕竟蜘蛛对于英国 人来说挺亲切的． 在英国看到小蜘蛛可别急着 赶走它，英国人可是相信它是小小财神哩！
12. If a black cat crosses your path, you will have good luck. 如果黑猫经过你面前，会带来好运
13．把新鞋放在桌子上，会带来坏运气。
14．在屋内撑伞，也会带来坏运气。
Holidays and Festivals
1.How much do you know about British holidays?
• During the Industrial Revolution reforming Protestant movements such as Methodism(卫理公会派 ) took particular hold among the poor, in the north and in Wales.
2.For what these holidays are celebrated?
• The British celebrate many holidays which reflect the religious, historical, social and cultural diversity of their country. • Holidays provide an opportunity for families and friends to get together to visit, eat, exchange good wishes and enjoy each other’s company and hospitality.P154
• Today in the UK we have a multi-faith society including Baptists（浸信会教徒）, the Society of Friends (Quakers，教友派 教徒), Jews, Muslims, Hindus, and Sikh[si:k] (印度锡克教徒)
British newspaper culture is unusual in the extent to which class and educational differences are reflected in the newspaper people read.
Most national newspapers in Britain express a political opinion and people choose the newspaper that they read according to their own political beliefs.
1. New Year‘s Day(元旦),每年1月1日庆祝新的 一年开始。人们举办各种各样的新年晚会,女 王发表新年祝辞,各种教堂在除夕夜都做守岁 礼拜。
2. St. Valentine’s Day(情人节),每年2月14日,是 3世纪殉教的圣徒圣华伦泰逝世纪念日。情人 们在这一天互赠礼物,故称“情人节”。
The other kind， called the tabloids (['tæ blɔid] ), smaller in size， have more pictures， often in colour， and shorter articles， often about less important events or about the private lives of wellknow people. The Sun， for example， which is a tabloid， is the biggest-selling newspaper in Britain.
British culture and customs
2008/2012 奥运会开幕式和闭幕式上的伦敦 伦敦巴士、看报纸的市民……
Popular pastime in Britain : • watching telly, • reading newspaper • listening to the radio P132
9. Pentecost(圣灵降临日),是Easter后的第7 个星期天,也称's Day(愚人节),每年4月1日,该 节日出自于庆祝“春分点”(vernal equinox) 的来临,在4月1日受到恶作剧愚弄的人称为 “四月愚人”(April Fools)。
• The functions of the media:
1.For entertainment 2.To provide information about political and social issues, weather reports, advertising 3.For educational purposes 4.For people to express views or seek advice 5.Vital to the British political system 6. To engender a national culture
5. One for sorrow, Two for mirth, Three for wedding, Four for birth. 看见一只喜鹊会带来坏运和悲伤，看见两只 带来好运和快乐，看见三只带来结婚的喜讯， 看见四只就有新生儿的消息。
6.If you break a mirror, you will have seven year's bad luck. 如果打破镜子，会带来７年的霉运！
Superstition
1.打喷嚏 在英国如果有人打喷嚏，旁边的人会说”God bless you!”。欧洲14世纪时“黑死病”流行，死人无数，得 病的征候之一就是打喷嚏，谁要打喷嚏，就有可能染上 此病。因此打喷嚏的人会说“上帝保佑我”，别人会说 “上帝保佑你”。
2、碰碰木头 英国人（以及许多西方人）在说了一句得意的话之后会 摸摸木头，碰一下木桌或木椅，嘴里念念有辞“touch wood”或“knock on wood”。如“我五年没生过病 了”，“我这次考试一定成功”，说完碰碰木头，要不 然他会得病，或考试失败。“碰木头的起因是耶被钉在 木十字架上，所以木头代表了十字架或耶本人。摸摸木 头表示向耶感恩、求他保佑。
• The rise of Protestantism(新教,耶稣教) coincided with Henry VIII's argument with Rome. In Scotland a particularly stern form of Protestantism gained control (John Knox, Calvinism). In Ireland the settlement of Protestant English and Scots in the North imported a religious difference.
6. Easter Monday(复活节次日),是Easter的 第二天
7. Good Friday(耶稣受难日),复活节前的星 期五,教堂举行仪式纪念耶稣受难。在英国 这一天是公假,人们吃传统的热十字糕(hot cross buns)。
8. Ascension Day(耶稣升天节),是Easter第 40天之后的星期四,也称为Holy Thursday。
Religion and Beliefs
• Britain's Christian tradition is a varied one. Roman Catholicism(天主教)was the official religion until Henry VIII's dispute with the Pope over his wish to divorce Catherine of Aragon. Henry broke with Rome and declared himself the Head of the Church of England.
• 伦敦有两家邮局，一年365天昼夜营业，从不 休息，据说这是遵循英国的古老传统而保留下 来的。
英国人注意服装，穿着要因时而异。 英国人讲究穿戴，只要一出家门，就得衣冠 楚楚。
按英国商务礼俗，随时宜穿三件套式西装， 打传统保守式的领带，但是勿打条纹领带， 因为英国人会联想到那是旧“军团”或老 学校的制服领带。
3. St. Patrick‘s Day(圣帕特里克节),每年3月 17日,是悼念爱尔兰的守护神圣帕特里克 的节日。