惠特曼的草叶生态区

惠特曼的草叶生态区Whitman' s Ecotopia in Leaves of Grass4.1 Eulogy of NatureWhitman is a poet who not only sings for the nature, but also for the city. He is infatuated with the beauty of nature. At the same time, he edits modern civilized products such as locomotives, cables, etc. He cultivated his emotions on the slopes of the new world and in the process of poetry creation. A unique view of nature and the development of the ideal way of being on earth.There is always a magic power in nature that carves out all kinds of amazing scenes. People can't help but admire her charm of enlightening the world at the same time. The four seasons of the year sing the praises of life. Spring is pregnant with the beauty of sowing hope, everything recovers, the song of birds blows away the bleary sleep curtain of the earth; it is full of vitality, flowers and plants show their heads to decorate the earth, in this perfect spring, with the hope and vitality of life restart. Summer contains the passion and vitality of life. Flowers are blooming, birds are chirping, all singing the praises of life, writing the regret of youth. Autumn spreads the beauty of harvest. Fruitful, people's laughter makes the year's efforts more worthwhile. And that winter contains pure and peaceful beauty. Snow capped, silver wrapped, the noisy and pompous world into another peaceful country.4.1.1 Meaning of “Leaves of Grass”The “Leaves of Grass” has a very important position in the history of Americanpoetry and even the entire literature. It is a world-renowned masterpiece, and it has created a new era of American national poetry. Even for English poetry as a whole, its influence can be describ ed by the word “revolution”. When the poetry of Longfellow et al. Is still following the European tradition from content to form, the author has made bold innovations in the form of poetry, created a “free verse” form of poetry, broke the traditional poetic rhythm, and broken the sentence. As the basis of the rhythm, the rhythm is free and unrestrained, the ocean is wild and unrestrained, and it has the momentum and the all-inclusive capacity.Acura democracy and freedom are the main themes of The Blade of Grass. In “Song of Freedom”, the poet solemnly declared: “I utter the most primitive password, and I send a signal of democracy.” In “Knock! Knock it! War Drums!” In this poem, the poet fully reflects the fighting spirit of the federal military and civilians in order to smash slavery and fight for democracy: “Don't negotiate, don't stop, because of others' advice, ignore the cowardly, ignore the crying or praying People; ah, the bugle is blowing so loudly.” In“For You, Democracy”, the poet wrote:“Come, I want to create a nation where the sun shines on ... For you, democracy Oh, I sing these songs in a trembling voice. ”The poet sees the United States as “ the land of democracy.”Human equality is also a concern of the Blade of Grass. In Beginnock, the poet enthusiastically wrote, “Ah. Such a theme is equal! This sacred Pinger noun!”According to the poet, in this world, nations are large and small, regardless of race, They should all be equal. “I am a member of many nations. There is no difference between the largest and the smallest.” “All men born are my brothers, all women are my sisters, and my lover.”“Leaves of Grass” also praises life and praises ordinary workers. There are two poems in “Modern Times”: “There is nothing more godly in the universe th an humanbeings. How majestic and how beautiful.” In “Song of Myself”, the poet generally expressed the image of ordinary Americans. At the beginning of the poem. The poet wrote: “I praise myself for being self-sufficient, and you should also bear what I a ssume, because every atom that belongs to me also belongs to you.” The poet regards himself as an ordinary member of the people. Acclaimed these ordinary people with enthusiasm. It is a typical feature of Romanticism to use rich imagination in his works. Whitman's imagination has its own unique features. For example, the illusion of the gunner describes the illusion of the gunner in a war, which is a scene of fierce fighting: “I hear the sound of different missiles, the short burst of rifle warheads, I see the shell explosion, resulting in clouds, and I hear the sharp sound of the cannon bullets passing by.”Since it's in the battlefield, it's bound to bleed, but the gunner said “I don't pay attention”. Even though there was a lot of noise around, the gunner heard the sound of good news accurately. The poem greatly inspired morale and called on the soldiers to drain the last drop of blood for the country. “The ox tamer”depicts a ox tamer who is good at taming bulls.“Without a bullwhip, he would jump up and down to the angry field of the little cattle fearlessly, stare at him, and the angry cattle would shake his head high and raise it.”The ox tamer is a real master. Although he is “reticent and ignorant of words”, the poet only admires and praises him. When the last lilac blooms in the courtyards, the whole chapter uses symbolic techniques to connect the lilac with President Lincoln.4.1.2 Beauty of NatureThere are a great number of lines in Whitman’S poems illustrating the beamy of nature．In the poem “I Saw in Louisiana a Live-0ak Growing”．he writes：“I saw in Louisiana a live—oak growing，All alone stood it and the moss hung down from the branches,Without any companion it grew there uttering joyous leaves of dark green,And its look, rude, unbending. lusty,made me think of myself,... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ...For all that，and thouth the live—oak glistens there in Louisiana solitary in a wide fiat space，Uttering joyous leaves all its life without a friend a lover near.”In the poem “I Saw in Louisiana a Live-0ak Growing”, Whitman is not only moved by its beauty as a tree, but also by its brave and calm quality. It bravely faces any difficulties in life and enjoys happiness with a calm mind, so it shines brilliantly in the poet's eyes. The oak was impressive, and he took one of its twigs with him for a long time to feel as much as he could.ow very well I could not.” From the description of a small tree, the beauty of nature is vividly reflected.In addition, animals often appear in his poems. He wrote for birds, insects and all the animals he met in his life. "It is not because the tortoise is nothing else that the ox is not worth shaking off its chains or stopping in the shade of the tree. / and Jay in the forest has studied its range, but its vibrato is very good for me. In the poem about animals, a special spider caught his attention. In “A Noiseless Patient Spider”. he wrote: “a silent patient spider / I mark where it is isolated in Cape Lille / mark how to explore the vast empty environment / it launches.” Filaments, filaments, filaments, pulled from itself / never honed them, never tired to speed them up . In Whitman's eyes, there are countless poems touching animals, which are usually symbols of free exploration and calm.In a word, Whitman loves everything in nature. He writes for an oak—tree, forthe leaves, for the river, for the ocean, for colorful flowers, ..., for everthing in nature.4.2 Whitman' s Views on Ecological ExistenceWhitman perfectly combines nature with city or culture. From time to time in his poems, he weaves nature into culture, or weaves nature into culture. He realized the close relationship between the two. However, with the process of industrialization and urbanization in modern society, people began to be accustomed to using high technology and science to solve all the problems that undoubtedly separated people from nature and alienated people from nature. However, as food, clothes and sheds, nature has always played a unique role in the whole process of human civilization. People can't live without nature, just like fish can't live without water. he believes that returning to nature and realizing the harmonious relationship between civilization and nature.4.2.1 Going Back to NatureWhitman wanders in the new world, exhausted in body and mind, writing, climbing mountains and mountains, crossing rivers and rivers, wandering in grasslands and forests, wandering on the sea. In his eyes, there are some things in nature that are beautiful or charming to him. First of all, charm comes from the beauty of nature. As a child, Whitman has a special experience of close contact with nature and frequent observation of natural changes, so he can communicate with nature and perceive the beauty of nature with his keen senses. Therefore, as a poet, Whitman enjoys the profundity and profundity of nature more deeply than any other poet. He expresses his appreciation for almost everything in nature, from beautiful scenery to seasonal changes, changes in the ocean, and the living conditions of creatures in nature. He devotes himself to nature and changes his love for nature into immortalityPsalm. So he implies that nature is something beneficial to human beings; in his poems, the encouragement of returning to nature is repeated everywhere.At the same time, in the process of observing and observing nature, he thought about many important things in life and culture. It seems that all things in nature and poetic imagination are integrated into his poetry. For poet, nature is not only the place where he said to understand the profound philosophy of life, but also a source that can understand the philosophy of life, which is released in his mind Enlightening, the poet has millions of writing themes. Although nature is mysterious, poet is willing to explore its secrets and appreciate its glory. He often invites anyone to join him to enjoy the beautiful scenery and communicate with nature. In a sense, he represents everyone in his poetry.such as Whitman said, “Whoever you ale come travel with me!\Traveling with me you find what never tires!”, 'The press of my foot to the earth springs a hundred affections\Of men that live among cattle or taste of the ocean or woods.”In Whitman’s poem, he is always combined with nature, just like dust or grass, but he is still with human beings, because human beings cannot survive without nature. Nature is good for human body and mind. It embodies Whitman's call for modern people to return to nature. He agrees with nature so that people can easily forget everything. Troubles from human society, by doing so, the troubled mind will be comforted by the magic of nature.4.2.2 Advocacy of the Natural Way of ExistenceIn addition to his praise of the natural beauty, Whitman also pays close attention to the psychological state of human beings. From the spiritual dimension of human existence, he can deeply understand many poems in “Leaves of Grass”.Under the background of the crisis of the spiritual world in the 21st century, it isof far-reaching significance to explore these problems. In recent years, great changes have taken place around us. On the one hand, with the development of science and technology, productivity has been improved, and the efficiency of enterprises has been improved. At the same time, it is also constantly improving, causing serious environmental deterioration and ecological crisis. On the other hand, human beings are gradually away from it Nature, on the surface of the booming industrial and commercial world, some things begin to destroy and threaten nature and its residents. Various kinds of pollution and environmental degradation have brought different crises in different fields, which are rooted in human's greedy outlook on life and material. Driven by greedy desire, human seems to lose their sense, thus breaking the balance between the material world and the spiritual world, It leads to mental problems ranging from suicide to insanity.As for the spiritual or spiritual problems of human beings, Whitman wisely provided human beings with his idea of living in a natural way on earth. Of course, his inspiration for the balanced state of mind still comes from nature. When he travels around, he meditates at the same time so that he has people on earth, and one of the most prominent principles of such philosophy is that the natural way absorbs a large number of philosophies of life or existence.As he said:“I think I could turn and live with animals，they are so placid and self-contain’d,I stand and look at them long and long.... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ...No one kneels to another,nor to his kind that lived thousands of years ago,No one is respectable or unhappy over the whole earth.”In this poem, he wrote praises for animals and plants. They are always satisfiedwith what they have and where they are. They bravely accept the happiness and hardship in life. It seems that they know the general order of nature, usually keep a calm state of mind and never worry about anything. What modern people do in society is in sharp contrast to this philosophy of existence.In short, Whitman does not support people to live in a tense state of mind, but advocates a natural way of life. In his opinion, people should do what they are good at, keep a peaceful attitude and live a life of self satisfaction, instead of greedily pursuing many material things.。