2011江苏专转本阅读词汇
2011江苏专转本英语真题答案(英语专业)
2011年江苏省专转本《英语》（英语类专业）真题答案Ⅰ．阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）Ⅳ．翻译(共35分)Section A 英译汉(共5小题，每小题4分，共20分)81．印度菜可能是最辣的——有时它会让你感觉嘴里火辣辣的!但是没关系，你可以喝点上好的意大利或法国葡萄酒来减轻辣感!82．使用苹果手机的学生人数有望达到约1000人。
这是首次在日本大学大规模使用某一种手机。
83．在某些体系中，个体(消费者)当然可以讨价还价，因为价格并非事先设定的。
然而一般来说，个体(消费者)不可能改变他想要商品的价格。
84．大自然使它们适应了开放的空间。
(马)感觉到异常动静就逃之夭夭。
如果我们从它们的角度去理解，它们的行为似乎是有道理的。
85．当我们站在动物的立场并抛开人类判断与分析事物的方式，我们会看到一幅完全不同的画面(我们的理解就完全不同了)。
Section B 汉译英(共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)86．After the earthquake in Japan，people began to worry about the safety of nuclear energy．87．It was her friends’ love and trust that helped her go through the hard times．88．If I am in charge of this program，1 will make better use of the fund available．89．In spite of the great increase of the oil price，there are still many people who buy cars．90．In order to make progress in their studies，students need to learn independently instead of relying on their teachers．V．作文(满分15分)(略)二、评分参考I．阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2分，共40分)本部分为阅读理解，每小题提供四个选项，考生只能选择一项，如考生选择不止一项，即使其中有一项是正确答案，也不给分。
2011江苏省专转本英语真题-翻译部分题目与答案汇总
Section A 共5题，每小题4分，总计20分81. Indian food can be the spiciest of all---sometimes it’s so hot that it can make your mouth burn! But it’s okay because then you can drink some good Italian or French wine to reduce the burning!印度食品可能是世界上最辣的——有时候辣到你感觉嘴里都要起火了。
但是吃印度食品没有关系，因为吃完之后你可以喝一些好的意大利或法国白酒，这能减少烧灼感。
82. The number of students using the I phone is expected to reach 1.000. This is the first time a particular cell phone has been used on such a huge scale at a Japanese university. 使用iphone的学生数量有望达到1000。
这是第一次某个特定的手机能够在一所大学如此大范围的使用。
83. Due to the shortage of the material during the war, she took the opportunity to show that less can truly be more, introducing turtle-neck( 叠领) sweater and pants for women.由于战争期间物质短缺，她利用这个机会展示用更少的东西可以获得更多，她引进了叠领毛衫和女式短裤。
84. They may not trust their fellow workers and they are unable to join in any group task for fear of being laughed at or for fear of having their ideas stolen.他们有可能不相信自己的同事，他们担心被嘲笑或害怕自己的观点被剽窃，因此不能参与任何需要团队合作的任务。
2011江苏专转本英语词汇考点一览
2011 专转本英语核心备考词汇精讲
• Extent To some extent To a certain extent
To which extent On which to base
2011 专转本英语核心备考词汇精讲
• • • • • Extend 延伸, 伸展 extend a loan for three more months. 宽延三个多月的贷款 Offer On this special occasion, I, on behalf the company, would like to Extend my sincere thanks to all of you for your good corporation.
2011 专转本英语核心备考词汇精讲
• To be exact • an exact account;准确真实的报道 • • • • your exact words.你的准确用词 (weather forecast, figure, date )Accurate Precise ---previous ---precious ex
2011 专转本英语核心备考词汇精讲
• Emerge / appear/ vanish =To rise from or as if from immersion: 浮现：从或好象是从潜水下面升起： Sea mammals must emerge periodically to breathe. 海生哺乳动物必须不断地浮现出海面呼吸 Turn up Show up
2011 专转本英语核心备考词汇精讲
• Entitle To furnish with a right or claim to something: 给…权利或给…资格： Every citizen is entitled to equal protection under the law. 每个公民都有权依法受同等保护 • Available • Access
江苏省专升本英语真题2011年
江苏省专升本英语真题2011年第Ⅰ卷Part Ⅰ Reading ComprehensionDirections:There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneEveryone loves to eat! People in every country enjoy this activity, There are so many different kinds of food in the world—Chinese food, Italian food, South American food, Indian food, and many others. It's fun to eat and compare, different types of cuisine, ltalian food is sometimes very spicy, but South American food is usually much spicier. Indian food can be the spiciest of all—sometimes it's so hot that it can make your mouth burn! But that's okay because then you can drink some good Italian or French wine to reduce the burning!Some wonderful food comes from the Eastern countries. Chinese food is popular in many parts of the world. Lots of people love Chinese style vegetables because they are so crispy. Because Chinese-style vegetables are usually cooked for a much shorter time, they are crisper than American-style vegetables. In fact, they are probably the crispest cooked vegetables you can find.Some people don't like American-style food. They think it is often less tasty and sometimes less nutritious than food in other countries. Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home. They eat more "fast food", such as hamburgers, hot dogs, pizzas, canned and frozen food, for fast food takes a short time to prepare. Often, Americans feel they are too busy to spend a lot of time cooking. It's easier to pick up a pack of fried chicken on the way home from work or take the familiy out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day.Of course, in some other countries, like France, cooking is still an "art form". Some people believe that French cuisine is the best in the world. Certainly, each person has a different opinion, about which country has the tastiest food. But people in many places agree that French food is the most delicious and the best prepared.1、 The main idea of this passage is that ______.A. American food is less delicious than food in other countriesB. people in many countries prefer Chinese foodC. it's interesting to compare a variety of food in different countriesD. people enjoy different kinds of food in the world2、 We can infer from the passage that ______.A. wine makes your mouth burnB. French chefs love to be artistsC. South American food is not so spicy as Indian foodD. the most wonderful food comes from Eastern countries3、 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? ______A. French food is delicious, but not well prepared.B. Indian food has to be enjoyed with Italian or French wine.C. Chinese-style vegetable are possibly the crispest.D. American food is believed to be the most difficult to cook.4、 Americans eat a lot of "fast food" because ______.A. they believe American food is the bestB. American food contains more nutritionC. they don't like food in other countriesD. they don't think they have enough time to prepare meals5、 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? ______A. Chinese-style vegetables are often cooked for a short time.B. American food is often believed to be less tasty.C. Everyone in the world dislikes Indian food.D. People have different, opinions about French cuisine.Passage TwoIf American children have to use mosquito ringtone (静音) of cell phones at school, a university in Japan is doing the opposite: giving cell phones to students. And not just any cell phone—the iPhone 3G.According to Asiajin, about 550 students and staff members in the School of Social Informatics at Tokyo-based university Aoyama Gakuin received the iPhone 3G for free as part of their study materials.This is the result of a deal that Aoyama Gakuin signed with SoftBank, the only sales representative of the iPhone in Japan. The number of students using the iPhone is expected to reach about 1,000. This is the first time a particular cell phone has been used on such a huge scale at a Japanese university.The phone will work as a study tool for students. As it comes with the global positioning system (GPS), the university plans to use it to check student attendance. Dropping classes is a big problem in Japan, where regular attendance is an important factor in determining a student's grade. Students often fake attendance by getting classmates to answer roll calls.Now, with the iPhone 3G, the school plans to keep better tabs on (监控) its students. Students are allowed to use the phone for attendance reporting (but only if they are actually in the classroom, a fact that will be proved by the phone's GPS), lecture podcasting, and online examinations. A student can't answer the roll call using the phone from any location other than the classroom.Students can, of course, still cheat the new system by leaving their phones with fellow classmates, but this is not very likely to happen, as people tend to keep a lot of private information on their phones that they don't want to share with others.As for calling and data plans, the university covers the basic fee. The hardware itself is free, but students will have to pay when they exceed downloading limits.6、 According to the passage, American children are ______ at school.A. encouraged to use cell phonesB. not encouraged to use cell phonesC. offered a new type of free cell phonesD. allowed to use free cell phones7、 Which of the following statements is NOT true of the School of Social Informatics? ______A. Students receive the iPhone 3G for freeB. Students use the iPhone 3G as a study toolC. Students have received the iPhone 3G beforeD. Students can save private information on the iPhone 3G8、 Which of the following problems might be solved by using the iPhone 3G? ______A. Fake attendance reported by classmates.B. Failure of on-line examinations.C. Answer to roll calls at school.D. High cost of telephoning.9、 The following functions of the iPhone 3G are mentioned in the text EXCEPT ______.A. attendance reportingB. lecture podcastingC. online examinationsD. downloading payment10、 This passage is mainly about ______.A. the uses of the iPhone 3G at a Japanese universityB. the advantages of the iPhone 3G in Japanese universitiesC. the control of dropping classes in a Japanese schoolD. the use of GPS to locate students at schoolPassage ThreeCoco Chanel, a French woman, is very famous for her success in the fashion world. The life of Coco Chanel is a classic rags-to-riches story. Born in 1883, she was abandoned by her father after her mother died. She was raised by her aunts who taught her to sew and gave her the nickname Coco, which means "little pet".Starting out as a hat designer, Coco went against the fancy hats being worn at the time. "How can a brain function under those things," she wondered. Instead, she created simple, but beautiful designs which became popular with fashionable young women of Paris.Strangely enough, World War I gave her the chance to develop her idea of simple elegance from hats to clothing. Due to the shortage of material during the war, she took the opportunity to show that less can truly be more, introducing turtle-neck(叠领) sweater and pants for women.In 1923, Coco launched her line of perfumes. "A woman who does not wear perfume has no future!" she said, and women believed her. Since its first appearance, Chanel No.5 has been the world's most popular perfume, with another bottle being sold every 30 seconds. And Coco herself inspired generations of women designers and businesswomen to pursue their dreams.11、 The world famous brand "Chanel" is named after ______.A. a little animalB. a hat companyC. the nickname of a French womanD. the surname of a French girl12、 Coco had her hats ______ those of her time at the beginning of her designing.A. fancier thanB. different fromC. similar toD. more expensive than13、 According to the passage, Chanel's designs can be best described as ______A. fashionableB. luxuriousC. simple and elegantD. A and C14、 The launch of Chanel perfumes is based on the belief that ______.A. a woman who does not wear perfume has no futureB. it will be the world's most popular perfumeC. it will be sold every 30 secondsD. women are fond of all kinds of perfumes15、 Coco Chanel's success story tells us that ______.A. becoming rich is not so difficultB. women are more likely to succeedC. people can pursue their dreamsD. the poor are more likely to succeedPassage FourEveryone knows that laziness is not good. We have probably all bad lectures telling that laziness is immoral, that it is wasteful, and that lazy people will never gain anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than that, and it is often caused by more complex reasons. Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems. They may not trust their fellow workers and they are unable to join in any group task for fear of being laughed at or for fear of having their ideas stolen.These people who seem lazy may be affected by a fear of failure that prevents successful work. Some people are so busy planning great deals that they are unable to deal with "easier" work on hand. Still others are not avoiding work; strictly speaking, they are simply putting off their work.Laziness, however, can actually be helpful. Some people may look lazy while they are really thinking, planning and researching. We should all remember that great scientific discoveries happened by chance. Newton wasn't working on the farm when the apple hit him and he devised the theory of gravity. All of us would like to have someone "lazy" build the car we buy, particularly if that "laziness" were caused by the worker's taking time to check each step of his work and to do his job right. And sometimes, being "lazy"—that is, taking time off for a rest—is good for the overworked students or executives. Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the sportsman who is trying too hard or the doctor who is simply working himself overtime too many evenings in the hospital. So be careful when you want to call someone lazy. That person may be thinking, resting, or planning his or her next work.16、 The main idea of this passage is that ______.A. laziness is a bad habit that everyone wants to get rid ofB. there are advantages and disadvantages in being lazyC. laziness is the sign of very serious emotional problemsD. lazy people usually do their work more carefully17、 Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage? ______A. Laziness is a kind of mental disease.B. Laziness is more beneficial than harmful.C. Laziness cannot be explained.D. Laziness is sometimes due to a fear of failure.18、 Which of the following ideas does the passage support? ______A. Most of the time laziness is a good quality.B. Most assembly workers are lazy.C. The word "laziness" is sometimes misused.D. Most overworked people are lazy.19、 The author's attitude towards laziness is ______.A. objectiveB. subjectiveC. criticalD. humorous20、 As used ill this passage, the word "devised" (in Paragraph 2) probably means ______.A. understoodB. wroteC. createdD. provedPart Ⅱ Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are forty incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.21、 By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the world's people ______ in cities rather than in rural areas.A. are livingB. will be livingC. have livedD. will have lived22、 All flights ______ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but stay at the airport.A. had been cancelledB. were cancelledC. having been cancelledD. have been cancelled23、 The problem is believed ______ at the meeting two days ago.A. to have discussedB. to have been discussedC. being discussedD. having been discussed24、 It was so hot that they ______ the electric fan ______ all through the night.A. had; runningB. had; runC. had; ranD. had; to run25、 Some of the committee members suggested ______ a party for the visitor, but the Chairman didn't approve.A. to arrangeB. arrangeC. arrangingD. to be arranging26、—Do you regret paying five hundred dollars just for the oil painting?—No. I would gladly have paid ______ for it.A. twice as muchB. twice so muchC. as much twiceD. so much twice27、 ______ me most was that the young man who had lost both arms in an accident could play the piano beautifully with his feet.A. That amazedB. It amazedC. Which amazedD. What amazed28、 The team leader promised to attend the meeting ______ he arrived at the office.A. for the time beingB. the momentC. as much asD. the day29、 Bob ______ hard, otherwise he ______ this exam.A. must have worked.., would failB. mustn't have worked.., wouldn't failC. can't work.., wouldn't have failedD. can't have worked.., wouldn't have failed30、 Scarcely ______ asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.A. had she fallenB. she had fallenC. did she fallD. she fell31、 ______ man realized that the brain controlled our thinking.A. It was not until the 18th century thatB. It was the 18th century sinceC. Not until the 18th century didD. It was until the 18th century which32、 The president of the college, together with the deans, ______ planninga conference for setting a series of regulations.A. wereB. areC. isD. be33、 Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ______ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.A. in thatB. in whichC. in order thatD. in the way34、 My grandfather has a pair of ______.A. Spanish leather black bootsB. black Spanish leather hootsC. Spanish black leather bootsD. leather Spanish black boots35、 I don't think you can finish painting the fence alone in such a short time, ______?A. do IB. can youC. can't youD. won't you36、 There were ______ accidents on the road this year than last year, but this doesn't mean there is ______ need for careful driving.A. less; lessB. fewer; littleC. less; fewerD. fewer; fewer37、 Needless to say, the second list of words ______ more easily than the first one.A. can rememberB. can be rememberedC. will rememberD. be remembered38、 When I went out jogging early this morning, I found the ground wet. It ______ last night.A. might have rainedB. may have rainedC. can have rainedD. must have rained39、 The reason why I came back is ______ she would have been very angry ifI hadn't.A. thatB. becauseC. forD. that because40、 Don't come tomorrow. I'd rather you ______ next weekend.A. will comeB. cameC. to comeD. had come41、 How can a crowd ______ while a woman is being attacked and robbed?A. stand forB. stand up toC. stand byD. stand up42、 Although the financial crisis spread all over the southeastern Asian countries, the market in China remained ______ as usual.A. fixedB. freshC. firmD. steady43、 She ______ his anger though he did not say a word to her.A. understoodB. heardC. sensedD. learned44、 The government has ______ the prices of medicines for the benefit of the people.A. brought downB. went downC. closed downD. reduced down45、 In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics ______ or may give you a choice of topics to write about.A. in advanceB. ahead ofC. above allD. just right46、 ______ there is little we can do to change the weather, we can at least know what kind of weather to expect.A. WhereB. LestC. AlthoughD. Unless47、 The Browns have not ______ yet and I doubt whether they will come.A. turned inB. turned outC. turned upD. turned to48、 She will have to look for somewhere else to work, for she can't ______ such loud noise any longer.A. come up withB. catch up withC. keep up withD. put up with49、 It is reported that many automobile accidents ______ careless driving.A. attributed toB. resulted fromC. contributed toD. raised from50、 I am ______ grateful for the kindness you have shown my son.A. excessivelyB. frequentlyC. certainlyD. happily51、 The old man expects that his son will ______ the company when he retires.A. take toB. take outC. take offD. take over52、 The police asked for the ______ of the public in tracing the missing boy.A. cooperationB. combinationC. possibilityD. capacity53、 In computer programming, this model is ______ to any of the others we have ever had.A. more superiorB. the more superiorC. the most superiorD. superior54、 ______ the large amount of time devoted to English listening every day, most college students feel it hard to understand English news broadcasting.A. HoweverB. IfC. DespiteD. Even55、 I have given up trying to convince him; there is no point ______ arguing with him.A. byB. withC. forD. in56、 No one knew the man's marital status until he ______ it in the course of a conversation.A. displayedB. revealedC. exhibitedD. exposed57、 We will take a tour around Hangzhou next year ______ we have enough money.A. lestB. untilC. unlessD. provided58、 ______ the traffic jam, they would have arrived earlier.A. Except forB. But forC. Apart fromD. Instead of59、 I'll be very glad that you agree to ______ the pearl robbery in the shopping mall.A. look upB. look forC. look overD. look into60、 The mysterious guest on the show is ______ the president of our university.A. no more thanB. none other thanC. not other thanD. nobody thanPart Ⅲ ClozeDirections:There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.In any comprehension text you will find words that you don't know, You can 61 them up in a dictionary., of course, 62 it is a good idea to get 63 the habit of using a dictionary as 64 as possible, particularly if you are preparing 65 an examination. In fact, if you read the text 66 and think, it is usually possible to guess the 67 of most words that you don't know. Look 68 the context of each word—the sentence that it is 69 , and the sentences that come before and after. Look to see 70 the word is repeated 71 in the text; the more often it is 72 , the easier it is to understand.Some words 73 be guessed from looking at their 74 . But don't expect to be able to guess 75 of the new words in a text. There will be 76 that you can only get a general 77 of, and a few will be impossible. Don't 78 too much time worrying about these: the most 79 thing is to understand the text as a (an) 80 as well as possible, and one or two difficult words will not usually make much difference.61、 A. check B. look C. find D. try62、 A. since B. because C. but D. therefore63、 A. into B. by C. from D. through64、 A. frequently B. rarely C. much D. farther65、 A. in B. into C. against D. for66、 A. quickly B. really C. strictly D. carefully67、 A. meaning B. usage C. context D. function68、 A. for B. after C. at D. on69、 A. with B. between C. for D. in70、 A. if B. what C. how D. where71、 A. later B. late C. lately D. latter72、 A. appeared B. counted C. used D. shown73、 A. must B. would C. should D. can74、 A. forms B. faces C. builds D. blocks75、 A. some B. any C. many D. all76、 A. some B. little C. none D. much77、 A. model B. example C. concept D. idea78、 A. waste B. have C. use D. try79、 A. interesting B. important C. pressing D. advantageous80、 A. unity B. entire C. whole D. complete第Ⅱ卷Part Ⅳ TranslationSection ADirections:Translate the following sentences into Chinese. You may refer to the corresponding passages in Part Ⅰ.81、 Indian food can be the spiciest of all—sometimes it's so hot that it can make your mouth burn! But that's okay because then you can drink some good Italian or French wine to reduce the burning!82、 The number of students using the iPhone is expected to reach about 1,000. This is the first time a particular cell phone has been used on such a huge scale at a Japanese university.83、 Due to the shortage of material during the war, she took the opportunity to show that less can truly be more, introducing turtle-neck (叠领) sweater and pants for women.84、 They may not trust their fellow workers and they are unable to join in any group task for fear of being laughed at or for fear of having their ideas stolen.85、 Some people may look lazy while they are really thinking, planning and researching. We should all remember that great scientific discoveries happened by chance.Section BDirections:Translate the following sentences into English.86、日本地震后，人们开始担忧核能安全了。
2011江苏专转本语文真题答案
2011年江苏省专转本《大学语文》真题答案二、阅读理解（16-25题，每小题2分，共20分）三、文学作品赏析(15分)26．(300字左右)评分参考标准：一类：角度新颖，观点明确，结构严谨，语言优美流畅。
(15分～13分)二类：角度合理，观点明确，结构完整，语言通顺。
(12分～10分)三类：角度尚合理，观点尚明确，结构基本完整，语言基本通顺。
(9分～6分)四类：缺乏明确角度，内容散乱，结构不完整，语病较多。
(5分～0分)四、作文(本大题共2小题。
共l00分)27．(300字以内，30分)评分参考标准：(1)标题(2分)(2)调查报告的开头部分(14分)①调查缘由、目的(4分)②调查时间(2分)③调查对象的概况(3分)④调查的经过(方法)(5分)(3)调查报告的正文部分(13分)①调查的内容或事实(6分)②对调查的事实作分析(4分)③说明观点和结论(3分)(4)调查报告的结尾部分提出建议、办法和措施，简单进行概括。
(此项内容可有可无，有的话可适当加分)(5)调查报告的落款(1分)调查者的姓名(1分)例：关于网络语言使用情况的调查报告(提纲)(2分)调查缘由：网络时代给人们的生活带来了不小的变化，一批网络用语也随之进入人们的日常口语甚至青少年的作文中，这种现象引起了国家有关部门和一部分语言文字工作者的关注。
作为一名在校大学生，本人将对此进行调查，以显示该现象对在校大学生的影响及其深入程度，为决策部门提供参考。
(4分) 调查时间：自××日起，至××日止。
(2分)调查对象：本校在读大学生。
(3分)调查方法：设计问卷(个别访谈、BBS版抽样)等。
(4分)调查内容：选择具有代表性的网络词语50个，对其在在校大学生中的使用场合、使用频率和认同程度进行量化统计，从而预测这些网络用语的发展趋势。
(6分)调查过程：先发放问卷，然后收回，进行统计分析。
(5分)得出结论。
(3分)调查人：×××(1分)28．(800字左右，70分)评分参考标准：一类：中心突出，材料充实，结构严谨，语言流畅。
2011年专升本英语答案
2011年专升本英语真题参考答案
第一部分选择题
一．词汇与语法：1—5 A C A D A 6—10 D D C C C
二．阅读理解：11—15 C D D D C 16—20 C C C A C
21—25 B A D C B
三．英译汉：26—29 D C C D
四．完形填空：30—34 A D C A C 35—39 C A B A D
第二部分非选择题
一.词形转换
40.shortage 41. qualified 43 frequency 45 commercial
47 disobeying 49 doubtful
二．术语匹配： 50—54 D F M O J 55—59 L H E N B
三．简答题：
60、main points
61、the purpose
62、second paragraph.
63、first-hand accounts.
64、contract information
四．段落翻译：
65. 大多数的会议都有议程，以一个正式会议为例，议程文件可能会提前的被发送到每个会议参与者的手中。
而如果以一个非正式的会议为例，议程可能只是一张需要讨论处理事宜的清单。
议程的意义在于加速会议的进行并使每个人都能围绕会议重点进行相应的讨论和处理事宜。
五、应用文写作：（略）。
2011江苏专转本语文试题真题及参考答案
语言基础自测试题字音部分字音部分字音部分字音部分1 ．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是A ．绮.丽(q ǐ) 箴 .言(ji ān ) 乳臭.未干(xi ù)B ．擂.台(l âi ) 皎.洁(ji ǎo) 卷帙.浩繁(zh ì)C ．戕.害(qi ān ɡ) 璞.玉(p ǔ) 塞 .翁失马(s ài)D ．踪迹.(j ì) 姊.妹(ji ě) 载.歌载舞(z ài)2 ．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是A ．拘泥.(n ì) 标识 .(zh ì) 暴殄.天物(ti ǎn) [ 来源:]B ．匹.配(p ǐ) 戏谑.(xu â) 风光旖.旎(q í)C ．参与.(y ǔ) 弹劾 .(h ã) 审时度.势(du ï)D ．倾轧.(y à) 结束 .(s ù) 杞 .人忧天(q ǐ)3 ．下列各组词语中加点的字的读音，与所给注音全都相同的一组是XK]A ．差ch ā差.错误差.差.强人意差 .可告慰B ．解ji ě解.决押解.数不求甚解.C ．塞s â堵塞.边塞 .闭目塞.听敷衍塞.责D ．提t í提.炼提 .防提 .纲挈领耳提.面命4 ．下列词语中加点的字的读音，全都不相同的一组是A ．盐碱.箴.言呼喊.减.员增效感 .激涕零B ．阐.述弹 .药禅 .让肆无忌惮.殚.精竭虑C ．束缚.薄.荷簿 .册赤膊.上阵博.大精深D ．滇.池嗔 .怒缜 .密精卫填.海谨小慎.微5 ．下列词语中加点的字的读音不完全相同的一组是A ．远岫.刺绣 .衣袖 .秀.外慧中乳臭.未干曲.直祛 .除趋 .炎附势屈 .打成招C ．涕.泪抽屉.警惕 .风流倜.傥替 .罪羔羊D ．露.脸简陋.痔瘘 .漏.网之鱼镂 .骨铭心6 ．下列词语中加点的字的读音完全相同的一组是A ．晋.升灰烬.觐.见进 .退两难噤 .若寒蝉专转本2011 级基础班辅导大学语文B ．闪烁.硕.大回溯.媒妁 .之言数.见不鲜C ．邂.逅亵 .渎狡黠.不屑 .一顾歌台舞榭.D ．罪孽.啮.齿涅 .槃劣 .迹昭彰蹑 .手蹑脚7 ．下列各组词语中加点字的注音，完全正确的一组是A ．豆豉.怨(m án) 同仇敌忾.(k ài) 敷 .衍了事(h ū)B ．怃.然(f ǔ) 木讷.(n à) 为虎作伥 .(ch ān ɡ) 咄.咄逼人(du ō)C ．着.落(zh áo) 蛊.惑( ɡǔ) 锃.光瓦亮(ch ân ɡ) 引吭.高歌(h án ɡ)D ．骁.勇(xi āo) 要挟.(xi ã) 万马齐喑.(y īn) 洗洗涮涮. .(shu à n)8 ．下列各组词语中加点字的读音，与所给注音全都相同的一组是A ．假ji ǎ暑假.假.嗓子假.以辞色假 .模假式B ．供ɡîn ɡ口供.供.销社供.认不讳供 .不应求C ．角ji ǎo 角 .膜唱主角.钩心斗角 .凤毛麟角 .D ．冠ɡu ān 皇冠.冠.心病衣冠.楚楚冠.盖相望9 ．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是A ．泊.车(b ï) 船舶.(b ï) 粳.米( ɡěn ɡ) 心肌梗.B ．招徕.(l ái) 青睐.(l ài) 切.磋(qi ē) 雕栏玉砌.(q ì )C ．拙.劣(zhu ō) 罢黜.(ch ù) 伉.俪(h án ɡ) 引吭.高歌(k àn ɡ)D ．宿.敌(s ù) 星宿.(xi ù) 恰当.(d ān ɡ) 螳臂当.车(d àn ɡ)1 0 ．下列词语中加点的字，读音不全都相同的一组是A ．拜谒.哽咽 .液.晶弃甲曳.兵奖掖.后进B ．虔.诚乾 .坤掮 .客潜 .移默化黔 .驴技穷C ．山麓.贿赂 .辘.轳戮 .力同心碌 .碌无为D ．阡.陌悭 .吝翩跹.谦.谦君子牵 .强附会字形部分字形部分字形部分字形部分1 ．下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是A ．辨析震撼闻者乍舌门庭若市B ．仲裁渲泄嗤之以鼻意兴阑姗C ．募捐辐射易如翻掌莫衷一是D ．疏浚辟谣断章取义毋庸讳言2 ．下列词语中没有错别字的一组是A ．谱牒翻两番相辅相成逞惶逞恐新程专转本2011 级基础班辅导大学语文第一单元补充练习参考答案见 3B ．痊愈度假村遁世绝俗敷衍塞责C ．闰年莫须有恶贯满营附庸风雅D ．商榷年轻人制定宪法长备不懈3 ．下列词语中没有错别字的一组是A ．肄业掉书袋篷荜生辉仰之弥高，钻之弥艰B ．篇幅挖墙角钟南捷径流水不腐，户枢不蠹C ．缘份洽谈会察颜观色城门失火，殃及池鱼D ．糟蹋候车室优柔寡断言者无罪，闻者足戒4 ．下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是A ．遴选边缘化骨鲠在喉桃李不言，下自成蹊B ．彩排实名制张慌失措己所不欲，勿施于人C ．煤碳压轴戏口蜜腹剑兵来将挡，水来土掩D ．座谈勘误表翻云覆雨百尺5 ．下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是A ．契合哈密瓜义气用事宁为玉碎，不为瓦全B ．狭隘一柱香以逸待劳偷鸡不着失把米C ．福祉金箍咒和霭可亲礼轻情意重D ．装潢吉祥物吃里爬外口惠而实不至6 ．下列句子中有错别字的一句是A ．《亮剑》将一代革命军人大智大勇、情深义重的故事演译得淋漓尽致。
2011年江苏省专转本真题讲解
77. A. model B. example C. concept D. idea78. A. waste B. have C. use D. try79. A. interesting B. important C. pressing D. advantageous80. A. unity B. entire C. whole D. complete英语试题卷(非英语类专业)第Ⅱ卷(共50分)Part IV Translation (共35分)Section A (共5小题，每小题4分，共20分〉Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. You may refer to the corresponding passages in Part I.81. Indian food can be the spiciest of al-sometimes it's so hot that it can make your mouth burn! But that'sokay because then you can drink some good Italian or French wine to reduce the burning!82. The number of students using the iPhone is expected to reach about 1，000.This is the first time a particular cell phone has been used on such a huge scale at a Japanese university.83. Due to the shortage of material during the war，she took the opportunity to show that less can trulybe more，introducing turtle-neck (叠领) sweater and pants for women.84. They may not trust their fellow workers and they are unable to join in any group task for fear of beinglaughed at or for fear of having their ideas stolen.85. Some people may look lazy while they are really thinking，planning and researching. We should alremember that great scientific discoveries happened by chance.Section B (共5小题，每小题3分，共15分〉Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.86.日本地震后，人们开始担忧核能安全了。
(完整word)江苏专转本英语词汇
1。
名词+aboutcomplaint about 抱怨concern about 关心,照顾doubt about （of) 对…的怀疑discussion about （of， on) 讨论information about 有关…的信息opinion about （on) 对…意见2. 名词+againstcomplaint against 控诉caution against 提防insurance against 保险precaution against 预防protection against 防护spite against 怨恨struggle against 与…斗争war against 对…的战争warning against 告诫3。
名词+foraffection for 对…的爱ambition for 有…的抱负anxiety for 焦虑，担心attraction for 吸引capacity for 做…的能力care for 关心，喜欢cause for …的起因consideration for 考虑contempt for 对…藐视cure for 治…的良药/疗法demand for 对…需求excuse for …的借口explanation for (of) 对…的解释fine for 因…而罚款longing for 渴望necessity for 对…的需求passion for 对…的酷爱preference for 偏好preparation for 准备punishment for 因…而受罚reason for …的理由regret for 因…而后悔reputation for …的名声request for 对…要求，请求requirement for …的要求，条件respect for 对…尊敬responsibility for 对…的责任substitute for …的替代品sympathy for 对…的同情talent for 有…的天赋4. 名词+fromabsence from 缺席divorce from 与…离婚，脱离retirement from 从…退休shelter from 躲避freedom from 摆脱relief from 免除，解除5。
2011年江苏专转本大学语文虚词部分
“之”（一）代词：可指代人、事、物等，通常充当句中的宾语。
例如：（1）君子疾夫舍曰"欲之"而必为之辞。
（《季氏将伐颛臾》之：指代所行之事，可译作"这样做"，分别充当"欲"和"为"的宾语）（2）七十者衣帛食肉，黎民不饥不寒，然而不王者，未之有也。
（《寡人之於国也》之：提到动词"有"之前的宾语，指代前面所说的情况。
）（3）野语有之曰。
（《庄子。
秋水》之：指代"野语"的内容，可译为"这样的话"，充当"有"的宾语。
）（4）孟尝君怪其疾也，衣冠而见之。
（《冯谖客孟尝君》之：指代冯谖，充当"见"的宾语）（5）公赐之食，食舍肉。
（《郑伯克段于鄢》之：指代颍考叔，充当"赐"的近宾语。
）用于宾语前置的结构中，复指提到动词之前的宾语。
此时原有的代词词汇意义消隐，只起提宾的语法作用。
例如：(1)野语有之曰，"闻道百，以为莫己若"者，我之谓也。
（《庄子。
秋水》我之谓：谓我。
）(2)《诗》曰："孝子不匮，永锡尔类。
"其是之谓乎？（《郑伯克段于鄢》其是之谓乎：大概说的就是这吧。
）(3)其李将军之谓乎？（《李将军列传》其李将军之谓乎：也许说的就是李将军这类人吧。
）(4)惟陈言之务去。
（《答李翊书》陈言之务去：务去陈言。
）（二）连词（结构助词）1.置于名词性偏正结构（定中结构）的修饰语和中心语之间，表示多种修饰关系，通常可译为"的"。
例如：（1）且在邦域之中矣，是社稷之臣也，何以代为？（《季氏将伐颛臾》）（2）鸡豚狗彘之畜，无失其时，七十可以食肉矣。
（《寡人之於国也》）（3）今陛下致昆山之玉，有随、和之宝，垂明月之珠，服太阿之剑，乘纤离之马，建翠凤之旗，树灵鼍之鼓。
（《谏逐客书》）2.置于主谓短句的主语后、谓语前，取消原有的句子独立性，使之变成名词性偏正结构，在更复杂的句式中充当主语、宾语、状语、定语等。
江苏专转本语文基础知识汇总
江苏专转本语文基础知识(南大专转本资料)150分 2小时——语言基础15分、现代文阅读10分、文言文阅读10分、诗歌鉴赏15分；应用文30分、材料作文70分。
客观选择25分、主观表述125分。
2001-2010：省控线227-233 230分——100-110分第一讲语言文化基础15分单复句、成语、病句、文学常识、文化常识—对作家、作品、评价、人物、主题两大块：中国古代、现当代；欧美中国古代（先秦、两汉魏晋南北朝、唐宋元、明清）先秦包含了春秋战国时代。
《诗经》，305篇，现实主义--《己亥杂诗》，305篇，浪漫主义音乐性质：风：民间地方；雅：官方正统；颂：宗教祭祀表现手法：赋、比、兴（欲言此物，先言他物）风雅颂赋比兴——诗六义儒家核心思想——仁：“己所不欲，勿施于人”司马光效仿《左传》（编年体、以年代为依据）的写法，创作了《资治通鉴》（编年体通史）。
——史书体例孔子、孟子—儒家学派，积极、入世老子、庄子—道家学派，消极、出世读书：书中自有黄金屋、颜如玉吾生涯，而知无涯，以有涯随无涯，则殆已。
婚恋：执子之手，与子偕老。
相濡以沫，不如相忘于江湖。
中国文化的二元思维：儒道合一判别原则：诸子散文：《论语》《孟子》《道德经》《庄子》《韩非子》—看属于哪个流派（子）；说理，表达观点、阐明道理历史散文：《左传》《春秋》《国语》《战国策》——叙事、记录言行事件特例：《吕氏春秋》，吕不韦，杂家，诸子散文。
1《论语》2《荀子》3《战国策》4《韩非子》《诗经》，现实主义的源头，春秋时代《离骚》，浪漫主义的源头，战国时代《左传》——春秋《战国策》——战国罹，遭遇；骚，忧愁“风骚并举”两汉魏晋南北朝《过秦论》（政论文）《吊屈原赋》是贾谊的汉赋作品。
司马相如《子虚赋》《上林赋》班固《东都赋》《西都赋》、张衡《东京赋》《西京赋》——汉大赋的代表作。
“京都大赋”，开封、洛阳。
二十四史前四史：司马迁、班固、范晔、陈寿。
《上邪》：怨妇诗；“山无棱，天地合，乃敢与君绝。
专转本英语高分常用核心词汇
专转本英语高分常用核心词汇词汇部分1江苏专转本高分常用词汇bolish vt．①废除（法律、习惯等）②取消abundance n．丰富，充裕accommodate vt．①向…提供住处（或膳宿）②容纳③使适应adjacent adj．毗连的，接近的，临近的aggravate vt．①加重，使恶化②激怒，使恼火alienate vt．与…疏远，离间allocate vt．①分配，配给②把（物质资金等）划归，把…拨给arrogant adj．傲慢的，自负的ascertain vt．查明，弄清assault n．（武力或头上的）攻击，袭击‖vt．突击，攻击／vi．动武betray vt．①背叛，出卖②辜负③泄漏，暴露bias n．①（成衣等的）斜线②偏见，癖好‖adj．& adv．斜‖vt．（常用被动语态）使有偏见，使有倾向性blink u．眨眼睛，眯着眼睛看bonus n．①额外津贴②奖金③红利bribe n．①贿赂②行贿物‖vt．向…行贿，收买brittle adj．①易碎的，脆弱的②易爆的③易损坏的，不永久的④（声音等）尖利的⑤冷淡的browse v．浏览，翻阅（书刊）capsule n．①（医）囊，胶囊②（植）蒴果，孢蒴③（空）气密小座舱，容器，特封壳cardinal adj．①基本的，根本的②深红色的‖n．①红衣主教②深红色cater vi．①供应伙食，提供娱乐节目②迎合，投合census n．①人口调查，人口普查②（人口调查得来的）统计数字‖vt．调查（地区等）的人口数字，统计…的数字chaos n．混乱，无秩序circulation n．①（货币、消息等的）流通，传播②（报刊等）发行③（血液等）循环，（空气等）流通clone n．克隆，无性繁殖‖vt．克隆（动物）cluster n．（果实、花等的）串，族；（人或物的）群，组‖vi．丛生；群集cognitive adj．认知的，识识的coincidence n．①巧合，巧事②（意见、爱好、利益等的）一致，符合compact adj．紧凑的，不巧的，袖珍的‖vt．使…压实（塞紧），使坚实，使…紧密结合compile vt．汇编，编制，编纂conception n．①思想，观念，概念②构想，设想③怀孕cylinder n．①圆柱体，圆筒②汔缸，泵体decree n．法令，政令‖vt．颁布（法令）degenerate vi．衰退，堕落，蜕化‖adj．堕落的‖n．堕落者deputy n．①副职，副手②代表，代理人dignity n．①（举止、态度等的）庄严，端庄②尊贵，高贵discriminate vi．①区别，辨别②有差别对待，歧视divert vt．①使转向，使改道②转移③转移…的注意力domain n．①（活动、思想等）领域，范围②领地，势力范围duplicate vt．①复制，复写，复印②重复‖n．完全一样的东西，复制品‖a dj．完全一样的，复制的eclipse n．①（日、月）蚀②（地位、声誉等的）消失，黯然失色‖vt．使暗淡，使失色，使…相形见绌empirical adj．①经验主义的，凭经验的②经验的，来自经验的enterprise n．①企业，公司②（艰巨或带冒险性的）事业，计划③事业心，迸取心episode n．①（许多事件中的）一个事件②（戏剧、小说等中的）插曲，情节；（连载小说中的）一工了；（连续剧的）一集escort n．①护卫者，护送者②护送，护卫，伴随‖vt．护，护送exceptional adj．①优秀的，卓越的②例外的，独特的，罕见的，异常的execution n．①死刑，处决②（计划等的）实行，（命令、职务等的）执行expire vi．①期满，到期②断气，死亡facilitate v．使…易做，使…便利；促进，有助于feeble adj．①（身体）虚弱的②（声音、力气、光线等）微弱的，无力的③无效的，无益的fixture n．①（常复数）（房屋等的）固定装置②长期固定于某地（或某项工作）的人（或物）flutter vi．①（旗子等）飘动，飘扬②拍翅，展翅而飞③（脉搏、心脏）快速跳动‖n．激动不安，紧张fossil n．化石frantic adj．①（因忿怒、痛苦或欢乐而）激动得发狂②狂暴的furious adj．①勃然大怒的，大发雷霆的②强烈的，猛烈的gigantic adj．巨大的，庞大的glamour n．①魅力，诱惑力②迷人的美，妖艳‖vt．①迷惑，迷住②使有魅力‖adj．热门的glitter vi．①（因反射而）闪闪发光②（眼睛）发亮，闪光‖n．①闪光，灿烂的光辉②（眼睛）发亮，闪光grim adj．①残酷的，冷酷无情的②严厉的，严肃的③（口语）讨厌的，糟糕的handicap n．①（身体或智力上的）缺陷②妨碍，不利条件‖vt．妨碍，使不利hostage n．人质hurl vt．①向…猛投，力掷②（向…）大声吐（恶言），大声嚷ignite v．引燃，点火，着火／vt．激起，使激动illuminate vt．①照明，照亮，使变亮②阐明immerse adj．①使沉浸于，使陷入，使专心一地②沉浸imperative adj．①必要的，迫切需要的必须服从的，命令式的‖n．必要的事，必须完成的事implicit adj．①暗含的，暗示的②（in）内隐的，固的有③无疑问的，无保留的indicative adj．表明，说明，象征的（常接of）industrious adj．勤劳的，勤奋的innovation n．①革新，创新改革，②新方法，新事物inscribe vt．写，刻，题字insulate vt．①使孤立，隔离②使绝缘，使隔热，使隔音integrate v．使合而为一，使合并，使成一体（with ,into）intensify v．加剧，加强，加紧intersection n．交叉（点），道路交叉口，十字路口。
2011年江苏省专转本考试语文科材料作文素材精粹
创新、学术、励志、激情 南大专转本语文内部材料 严禁翻印
2009年江苏省“专转本”考试语文科
材料作文素材精粹
11.刚正
“宁作沉泥玉，不作媚渚兰。”这是一切刚正之士的真实写照。
刚正，是一种可贵的民族精神，也是一种高尚的人品。做人要刚正，不看老天爷的风向，不察权贵者的脸色，秉以办事，敢说敢为。
事实论据
1、寇准敢犯龙颜
竟然拉着太宗的龙袍不准走，“联得寇准，犹文皇（唐太宗）之得魏征也。”
正由于他刚直，遭人忌恨，有民谣曰：“欲得天下好，无如召寇老。”
2
“挂到厕所！”
1941年，国民党反动派一手策划了震惊中外的“皖南事变”，他通电为新四军呼开除蒋介石的国民党党籍。
3、马一浮清高耿介
马浮，字一浮，号湛翁。现代著名学者，精通儒家经典并擅长书画。他为人清高耿介。军阀孙传芳在自任东南五省联军统帅时，曾慕名去拜访他，马一浮拒绝接见。有人惧怕孙传芳的权势，对他说：“可不可以告诉孙传芳你外出了？”马一浮断然说：“告诉他：人在家，就是不见！”弄得孙传芳下不了台。
1
2011年江苏专转本英语考试模拟题之阅读理解
【阅读理解在试卷中历来占得比重很大，共4个passage,20题，每题2分，其重要性不言自明。
不少考生对阅读理解存在着误解，简单地认为只要掌握了词汇和语法就可解决问题，因而不了解如何运用主动的阅读方法来有效地进行阅读和解答有关问题。
还有的考生对阅读理解心存恐惧，做了很多题得分仍然未能得到提高。
这些都是认识上和解题方法上的问题。
阅读每篇文章时，要先Skimming，快速通读全文，抓住中心思想和主要事实内容，不要纠缠于琐碎细节。
在获得主要论点后，可主动出击对下文进行预测。
在读完后，针对不同提问，运用scann ing的方法，快速回原文定位寻找相关信息。
对于不能直接从原文的得到的答案，则采用推断法，在准确理解的基础上，灵活运用各种逻辑推理，进行深层次理解，挖掘隐含的意义来答题。
】Passage 1One of the most authoritative voices speaking to us today is, of course, the voice of the advertisers. It shouts at us from the televi sion screen and the radio loudspeakers; waves to us from every page o f the newspaper; signals to us from the roadside billboards all day a nd flashes messages us in colored lights all night.Advertising has been among England’s biggest growth industries s ince the war, Perhaps the reason is that advertising saves the manufa cturers from having to think about the customers. At the stage of des igning and developing a product, there is quite enough to think about without worrying over whether anybody will want to buy it. The desig ner is busy enough without adding customer-appeal to all his other pr oblems of man-hours and machine tolerances and stress factors. So the y just go ahead and make the thing and leave it to the advertiser to find 11 ways of making it appeal to purchasers after they have finish ed it, by pretending that it confers status, or attracts love, or sig nifies manliness.Other manufactures find advertising saves them from changing prod ucts. And manufacturers hate change. The ideal product is one which g oes on unchanged for ever,. If, therefore, for one reason or another, some alteration seems call for –how much better to change the image, the packet or the pitch made by the product, rather than go to all t he inconvenience of changing the product itself.1. Which of the following can best describes the author’s attitude t oward modern advertising?a. indifferenceb. shockedc. disapprovingd. approv ing2.According to the author, which is NOT the designer’s chief concern when he designs a product?a. stress factorsb. man-hoursc. machine tolerancesd. customer-appeal3. It is stated in the passage that those responsible for giving a p roduct customer-appeal are _______.a. customersb. designersc. advertisersd. manufacturers4. According to the author, when some changes in a product is necess ary, a manufacturer will choose to _____.a. lower the product costb. hire a better desig nerc. improve its qualityd. alter its image5. The best title for the passage might be?a. Advertising Since the Warb. Advertising and Manufacturersc. Advertising-England’s Biggest Industryd. Advertising and PurchasersPassage 2Honda Motor Co., Japan’s second largest car maker, yesterday con firmed it is to replace a defective part in about 31,000 of is popula r Accord models in China, which could potentially emit harmful gas.A spokeswoman from Guangzhou Honda, the company’s joint venture in South China’s Guangdong province, said Honda has decided to repla ce the defective part at no charge at any of its 160 authorized sales outlets until September 10.The defect centers on a rubber exhaust connector in the engine wh ich could shrink in could weather and then loosen when the car accele rates or is driven over a rough surface. The defect does not affect t he car’ s performance but could cause pollution, the speaks woman sa id, adding the recall is part of Honda’s commitment to environmental awareness. The recall covers the 2 and 2.4 liter Accord sedans built at the Guangzhou plan between January 15 and June 17 this year. Honda had announced the recall of 29,494 Accords in Japan last week, citin g a similar defect.Honda has been one of the more successful of several firms compet ing for a piece of China’ s booming car market, thanks largely to th e popularity of the Accord.Guangzhou Honda, a joint venture of Honda and Hongkong-listed Den way Motors, sold 47, 863 new and used Accords in the first seven mont hs of 2003. The defect has prompted five complaints in Japan but none so far in China, the spokeswoman said. No accident has been reported in either country. “No mechanism in China requires the recall of ca rs as it does in Japan, but Honda decided to replace the rubber conne ctor in order to provide the same service to Chinese customers.” The spokeswoman said.6. The defective part of Accord models is recalled by Honda for fear of_____.a. environmental pollutionb. road accidentsc. complaints from consumersd. popularity under threat7. Which of the following is true?a. The defect will affect the performance .b. The recall is the evidence of Honda’s commitment to usersc. Not all Accord models produced so far are on the list of recalld. The recall of 29,494 Accords was announced in Japan last week after an accident happed.8. All the following serves as a good climate for Honda’s products i n China except __________.a. a booming marketb. the popularity of the car.c. the credit Honda has enjoyedd. its low price but high quality9. Which of the following is most similar to the word “outlet”(Para.2) in meaning?a. dealerb. releasec. wayd. tunnel10. What is the best title of the passage?a. Defective Part to Be Replaced Freeb. Honda’s Commitment to Environmental Awarenessc. Both Japanese and Chinese Users Are on the same Boat.d. The Way to SuccessPassage 3Would you quit your job if you didn’t need the money? In a 1990 a poll by the Gallup Organization, many people said quitting work was an important reason to be rich. Yet, researchers find that work is o ne of the life’s chief satisfaction for people.Consider W. Berry Fowler. Started a tutoring company that became so successful he was able to sell out and retire in 1987-a multimilli onaire at 40. He bought a 50-foot cabin cruiser(游艇) and a house in Hawaii, and busied himself vacationing.But after five years of perpetual vacation. Fowler began to miss the challenges of work. So in 1992 he bought a fitness chain for chil dren and now spends 75 hours a week immersed in balance sheets (资产负载表) and staff meetings. “ My best days on the golf course weren’t half as much fun as a good day at the office,” he says.A job, studies show, is more than a paycheck. Doing something wel l can increase confidence and self-worth. When sociologist H. Ray Kap lan surveyed 139 lottery millionaires, he discovered 60 % continued w orking at least a year after they’d won. If jobs are so important, w ouldn’t salary size be a gauge job satisfaction? Americans think so.A survey conducted last year by Roper Starch Worldwide, Inc., found t hat almost 70% of the respondents said they would be happier if their families had twice as much household income. Yet studies show that j ob satisfaction comes less from how much people earn than from the ch allenge of their jobs and the control they are able to exert. Work th at doesn’t engage a person will never seem rewarding, no matter how lucrative it becomes.11. The reason why W. Berry Fowler sold out and retired in 1987 was most probably that_____.a. he considered his work too boring for him to bear any longer.b. he was eager to spend his days on the golf course.c. he had become rich enough to enjoy the rest of his life without ha ving to work.d. he was too old to work in a tutoring company.12. Studies show that __________.a. people seldom work once they millionaire.b. people derive great satisfaction from the challenges of work.c. people are bound to be happy if they receive a high salary.d. people regard difficult work as undesirable13. The word immersed (Para. 3), could best be replaced by _____.a. completely coveredb. totally exhaustedc. thoroughly soakedd. deeply absorbed14. Which of the following statements is TRUE?a. Fowler found working more enjoyable than vacationing.b. Less than half of the lottery millionaires missed the challenges o f work.c. 30% of Americans disregard salary size as important.d. Most people value their pay above anything else.15. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.a. quitting work is a reflection of the fundamental human urge to be free.b. lucrative work is the only source of human satisfaction.c. conquering tough work is a satisfying experience.d. seemingly rewarding work will never be lucrative.。
江苏专转本语文100个常用的古今异义词
江苏专转本语文100个常用的古今异义词A1、爱——吝啬异乎百姓之以王为爱也2、安——哪里、怎么沛公安在？燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉？B3、北——败北、失败追亡逐北4、被——通“披”被发行吟泽畔5、倍——通“背”愿伯具言臣之不敢倍德也6、本——推究抑本其成败之迹，而皆出于人欤？7、比——等到比及南郡8、鄙——①偏远地区②目光短浅◆蜀之鄙有二僧◆食肉者鄙9、俾——使俾入邑庠10、病——①困窘②缺点③担心④责备◆向吾不为斯役，则久已病矣◆人借嗤吾固陋，吾不以为病也◆君子病无能焉，不病人之不己知也◆古人以俭为美德，今人乃以俭相诟病11、薄——迫近、接近芳不得薄兮薄雾冥冥C12、察——清◆水至清则无鱼，人至察则无徒◆人又谁能以身之察察，受物之汶汶者乎？13、曾——竟◆而侯生曾无一言不辞送我.◆汝心之固，固不可彻，曾不如孀妻弱子.14、诚——确实、实在、的确臣诚知不如徐公美15、次——驻扎、停留秦伯素服郊次16、除——①台阶②任命、授予◆黎明即起，洒扫庭除◆予除右丞相兼枢密使17、存——拜访、看望、慰问而公子数存之D 18、殆——几乎、大概郦远之所见闻，殆与余同19、得——能◆沛公军霸上，未得与项羽相见◆诚不得已20、短——说别人坏话、进谗言短屈原于王21、度——估计、考虑、想度我至军中，公乃入22、多——肯定、赞赏、歌颂故传天下不足多23、盖——表示猜测、不确定的语气盖始者实繁，克终者盖寡24、故——①旧的、以前的、原来的②缘故③因此、所以◆故垒西边，人道是三国周郎赤壁◆既克，公问其故◆故木受绳则直25、固——本来、原来至于颠覆，理固宜然26、顾——①只是②难道◆顾吾念之◆顾不如蜀鄙之僧27、鼓——演奏今王鼓乐于此28、国——①首都、都城②地方◆去国怀乡◆故国神游，多情应笑我29、过——拜访、看望◆大母过余◆愿枉车骑过之H30、函——盒子买五人之脰而函之31、恨——遗憾以是知公子恨之复返也32、胡——怎么田园将芜，胡不归？33、会——适逢、刚好遇到会宾客大宴34、疾——痛恨屈原疾王听之不聪也35、既——已经、以后◆始皇既没◆既克，公问其故36、假——借假舆马者，非利足也，而致千里37、间——①间隙、空余时间、偶然②暗中、悄悄③让其他人走开，然后才说④小路◆数月之后，时时而间进◆侯生乃屏人而间语曰◆间至赵矣38、见——①被②作第一人称代词◆欲予秦，秦城恐不可得，◆徒见欺◆信而见疑，忠而被谤◆君既若见录39、就——接近、靠近金就砺则利40、厥——其思厥先祖父K 41、堪——能承受、能禁受、能忍受不堪吏人妇，岂合令郎君42、克——能克终者盖寡L 43、类——像中绘殿阁，类兰若44、怜——爱惜丈夫亦爱怜其少子乎？45、令——美好便言多令才M46、弥——①满②更加◆弥天大罪◆奉之弥繁，侵者愈急47、靡——没有靡计不施N 48、乃——竟然今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也欤P 49、畔——通“叛”Q 50、期——整期年，虽欲言，无可进者51、趣——①通“趋”②通“促”52、请——①请允许我②拜访、看望③约请◆老妇力虽衰，请从吏夜归◆公子闻之，往请◆乃请宾客，约车骑百余乘53、秋——时间诚危急存亡之秋54、却——退后、退却却秦兵三百余里R55、让——责备平原君让魏公子曰56、如——去、到◆沛公起如厕，因招樊哙出◆如白沙，道海安S57、少——责备、批评、嘲笑显王左右素习知苏秦，皆少之58、胜——①尽②能承受，胜任，禁得起③美好的◆何可胜道也哉◆不违农时，谷不可胜食也◆驴不胜怒，蹄之◆予观夫巴陵胜状，在洞庭一湖59、乘——（辆）兵车致万乘之势，序八州而朝同列60、适——到刚◆余自齐安舟行适临汝◆适彼乐土61、示——给……看◆请指示王◆适得府君书62、市——买交广市鲑珍63、视——比较视五人之死，轻重固何如哉64、私——偏爱吾妻之美我者，私我也Z65、属——连缀、连接衡少善属文66、数——①计算②数落、列举罪行③几、几个、几次◆蒙冲斗舰乃以千数◆数吕师孟叔侄为逆◆数口之家，可以无饥矣◆范增数目项王67、速——招致始速祸矣68、素——①白色②平素、平时◆素湍绿潭，回清倒影◆且相如素贱人◆素昧平生69、率——大都、全部六国互丧，率赂秦欤？70、爽——差错无毫发爽T71、徒——白白、只是、空◆哀斯墓之徒有其石也为之记◆徒以吾二人在也W72、亡——丢失、遗失◆秦无亡矢遗镞之费，而天下诸侯以困矣◆亡羊补牢◆诸侯之所亡，与战败而亡者73、微——如果没有微斯人，吾谁与归？74、委——把……交给委命下吏75、唯——希望唯大王孰（熟）计议之76、遗——送给秦遗赵王书曰77、恶——怎么天下恶乎定？X78、悉——全部、都悉埋于地79、咸——全部、都江表英豪咸归附之80、相——①表示动作只涉及一方，有指代作用②帮助、辅助◆狼不敢前，眈眈相向◆至幽暗昏惑而无物以相之81、向——从前、以前◆向吾不为斯役◆向使六国各爱其地82、谢——①谢罪、道歉②谢绝、拒绝③告诫、劝勉◆旦日不可不蚤自来谢◆项王阿母谢媒人◆闭门谢客◆多谢后世人83、信——确实闻之“一人得道，鸡犬飞升”，信乎84、幸——①希望②皇帝到……去◆教吾子与汝子，幸其成◆缦立远视，而望幸焉85、许——多余、左右一百里许86、徐——慢徐趋87、寻——不久寻病卒Y88、要——通“邀”便要还家89、易——换请以十五城易璧90、狱——案子、案件91、因——①沿袭，继续②趁机③通过，经由◆惠文、武、昭襄蒙故业，因遗策◆寿毕，请以剑舞，因击沛公于坐，杀之◆因宾客至蔺相如门谢罪92、遇——对待然公子遇臣厚Z93、再——两次秦击赵者再，李牧连却之94、贼——害、祸害◆是贼天下之人者也◆淫侈之俗日日以长，是天下之大贼也95、识——①知道、记得②标记◆汝识之乎◆封识宛然96、致——①表达②招致◆论天下事势，致殷勤之意◆一篇之中三致志焉◆不爱珍器重宝肥饶之地，以致天下之士97、诸——之、之于◆王语暴以好乐，有诸？◆投诸渤海之尾98、族——族灭族秦者秦也，非天下也99、卒——①终于、最终②死③通“猝”◆卒廷见相如◆卒而葬之◆卒起不意100、坐——①犯罪②因为◆王曰：“何坐？”曰：“坐盗。
2011年江苏省专转本语文真题详解
2011年江苏省专转本语文真题详解1．下列加下划线的字读音完全相同的一组是（）A．滇池癫狂颠簸白癜风B．晕车愠色酝酿熨斗C．籍贯慰藉嫉妒辑录D．血泊血压献血血汗2．下列没有错别字的一组是（）A．松弛精粹思辨遴选B．粗犷气概瑰宝发韧发轫C．匮乏修葺倾刻赝品D. 人情世故有恃无恐额首称庆鬼鬼祟祟1．【答案】B【解析】A项滇池Diān：素有“高原明珠”之美称的淡水湖，是昆明风景名胜的中心。
癫狂、颠簸都是diān。
白癜风diàn：皮肤生斑点后变白色的皮肤病名。
B项晕车、愠色、酝酿、熨斗都读yùn。
C项慰藉jiè:安慰、抚慰。
嫉妒jí dùD项血泊xuè、血压xuè、献血xiě、血汗xuè。
2．【答案】A【解析】B项“发韧”当为“发轫( rèn)”。
C项“倾刻”当为“顷刻(qǐng)”。
D项“额首称庆”当为“额手称庆”。
分析：识记主要考查考生对基础语知的掌握情况，体现在试卷上主要是对字音、字形等内容的考查，所考查的这些内容也是语文学习的基础，因为语文学习的所有内容都是建立在识记的基础上的，没有了对这些内容的识记，听说读写就没有了根基，语文学习就成了无本之木，无源之水。
复习时，要准确把握常见字的音、形，做到见到的会读、会读的能写、能写的知道意思。
另外，要熟读要求掌握的字词，要能够正确地识记语音，就要熟练掌握汉语拼字义（1分）3．下列加下划线的字词释义正确的一组是（）A．因循守旧（沿袭）秣马厉兵（战士）良莠不齐（狗尾草）B．镂骨铭心（刻）嘉言懿行（美好的）意兴阑珊（将尽；衰落）C．家徒四壁（仅仅）无耻谰言（吹嘘）力能扛鼎（用单手举重物）D．焚膏继晷（月影）当（应当）仁不让管窥蠡（瓢）测【答案】B【解析】A项秣马厉兵：喂饱马匹，磨快兵器。
喻指准备作战或比赛。
厉：磨（“厉”，古同“砺”）。
兵：兵器。
秣：喂养。
因循守旧：死守老一套，缺乏创新的精神。
2011年江苏省专转本语文真题详解
2011年江苏省专转本语文真题详解第一篇：2011年江苏省专转本语文真题详解2011年江苏省专转本语文真题详解1．下列加下划线的字读音完全相同的一组是（）A．滇池癫狂颠簸白癜风B．晕车愠色酝酿熨斗C．籍贯慰藉嫉妒辑录D．血泊血压献血血汗2．下列没有错别字的一组是（）A．松弛精粹思辨遴选B．粗犷气概瑰宝发韧发轫C．匮乏修葺倾刻赝品D.人情世故有恃无恐额首称庆鬼鬼祟祟 1．【答案】B 【解析】A项滇池Diān：素有“高原明珠”之美称的淡水湖，是昆明风景名胜的中心。
癫狂、颠簸都是diān。
白癜风diàn：皮肤生斑点后变白色的皮肤病名。
B项晕车、愠色、酝酿、熨斗都读yùn。
C项慰藉jiè:安慰、抚慰。
嫉妒jí dùD项血泊xuè、血压xuè、献血xiě、血汗xuè。
2．【答案】A 【解析】B项“发韧”当为“发轫(rèn)”。
C项“倾刻”当为“顷刻(qǐng)”。
D项“额首称庆”当为“额手称庆”。
分析：识记主要考查考生对基础语知的掌握情况，体现在试卷上主要是对字音、字形等内容的考查，所考查的这些内容也是语文学习的基础，因为语文学习的所有内容都是建立在识记的基础上的，没有了对这些内容的识记，听说读写就没有了根基，语文学习就成了无本之木，无源之水。
复习时，要准确把握常见字的音、形，做到见到的会读、会读的能写、能写的知道意思。
另外，要熟读要求掌握的字词，要能够正确地识记语音，就要熟练掌握汉语拼字义（1分）3．下列加下划线的字词释义正确的一组是（）A．因循守旧（沿袭）秣马厉兵（战士）良莠不齐（狗尾草）B．镂骨铭心（刻）嘉言懿行（美好的）意兴阑珊（将尽；衰落）C．家徒四壁（仅仅）无耻谰言（吹嘘）力能扛鼎（用单手举重物）D．焚膏继晷（月影）当（应当）仁不让管窥蠡（瓢）测【答案】B 【解析】A项秣马厉兵：喂饱马匹，磨快兵器。
喻指准备作战或比赛。
2011专转本英语单词详解2
词汇练习3详解1resist: vt. 抵制；反抗；克制•Our trade union has resisted theintroduction ofautomation.This special coating isdesignedto resist rust.2offended: adj. 被冒犯的；被触怒的；生气的•Clarissa looked offended.3incline: vt. 使倾向于；使有意于;•incline sb to do sth: 使某人倾向于做某事•A bad day at work mayincline you to be evenmore stubborn .sb be inclined to do sth:某人倾向于做某事seal: vt. 封；封闭；密封•The solicitor took a sealedenvelope from the folderon his desk.yield: v. 屈服；屈从•yield to:•The finance manageryielded to his critics andhalved the March budget.stiff: adj. 僵硬的；不易弯曲的；（肌肉或关节）活动时不灵活的•I went stiff with terror.•I’m too stiff to move afterthat yoga last night.solve: vt. 解决；genuine: adj. 真正的；纯正的；非伪造的；•The experts decided thatthe painting was a genuineTang Bohu.•genuine Mexican food9slide: n. 幻灯片；滑梯；发夹；govern: v. 统治；治理•to govern a nation; •People are sure that they can govern better than the politicians.govern: v. 控制；支配•There are strict rulesgoverning the killing andcooking of cats and dogs.funds: n. 经费；专款；资金•congress cut back thefunds for the program.•they have spent theirscarce fundson expensivehousing.fund: n. （用于慈善事业或其他事业的）基金；专款•a fund was set up tomaintain thebuilding.•the disaster fundfund: v. 为...提供基金；资助•the program was beingfunded both bygovernments and privateindustry.function•n. 功能•fundamental基本的；根本的•funeral•葬礼operate : v . 经营；管理•There are a lot ofmultinational companies operating inChina now .•He operatesan Afghannews service .paint•画；绘画；油漆；•tie捆；绑；系；缚•fetch•（去）拿来be fond of : 喜欢的；喜欢做的；喜爱adventure•历险；冒险•grammatical语法的guilty : adj . 犯罪的；有罪的•He was found guilty ofpassing on secret papersto a foreign power .guilty : adj . 内疚的；•They feel guilty aboutseeing her so little .spoil•损坏；宠坏；（食物）变坏•curious好奇的delicate : adj . 微妙的；棘手的；•a very delicate social and political balance•the delicate sphere of racerelationsdelicious•可口的；美味的•perfect完美的persuade: v. 说服；劝说•persuade sb；•persuade sb to do sth;persuade sb into sth;Marsha was still trying topersuade Posy to changeher mind.•They hadno difficulty inpersuading him to launch anew paper.He is the sort of man thatcould bepersuaded intoanything.recognize•认出；识别；承认•extend延伸；延长；扩大；•unexpected•出乎意料的estimate: v. 估量；估计•sb estimate sth;•sbestimate sth/sb to dosth;sb estimate that...•it is estimated that...Thehurricane causeddamage estimated at 300million pounds.overlook: vt. 俯瞰；俯视•...a room which overlookedthegarden...•...windows overlooking theplayground...overlook: vt. 忽视；忽略；看漏•They overlook theenormous risks involved...•I decided to overlook hisunkindness .ignore: vt. 不顾；不理；对...置若罔闻•Ralph ignored Jack’squestion.•The President cannotrudely ignore any head ostate who chooses tocome here.The Government ignoredhis advice...sincere: adj. (指人）诚恳的；真诚的；•He was decent, sincere, agood man.loan : n. 贷款•The government had tomake a further loan of$3.3m to save the industry.loan : v. 借...给•loan sth•loan sb sthloan sth to sb•He never loaned his car toanybody.medium: n. （表现）方式；（交流）手段•I went to secondary schoolin a country where Englishis not the medium ofinstruction.media: n. 宣传工具；传播媒介（如电视、报纸和广播）•The news media are onlyinterested in bad news.•mass mediashed: v. 流（泪）；（因暴力或战争）流血•...a child shedding tearsover a broken toy...•They called for an end tothe shedding of blood .disappoint: v. 使失望•You disappoint me;i hadexpected you to behavemore responsibly.•The answer must havedisappointed him.desert:•抛弃；离弃•clarify:澄清；阐明•oppose:•反对outline: n. 提纲challenge: n. 挑战stable : adj. 稳定的•Oil prices are stable for the first time in years.•...a stable marriage...... the most politicallystable country in theregion...performance: n. 表演；演出•after the performance Iwent round to see her inherdressing room... performance: n. 工作情况；成绩；业绩•Many people are extremelydisappointed with theperformance of thisgovernment.•How is a company tomeasure its performance?performance: n. （特定场合的）表现twin: n. 双胞胎fulfill: v. 兑现；完成；履行；满足•They failed to fulfill theirpromises to revive theeconomy.•I had fulfilled many of myyouthful ambitions.interrupt: v. 打断；插嘴•sb interrupt•sb interrupt sbSorry to interrupt but ihave an urgent messagefor you...•I knew better than tointerrupt him when he wason the phone.expose : v . 使暴露；使显露；使暴露于（险境）；使遭受（危险等）•expose sth ;•His shirt was open ,exposing the blue and red lines of the tattoo on hischest .expose sbto sth ;•sb be exposed to sth ;•They had been exposed toradiation ...express :•表达•explode :爆炸•exploit :•开采；利用reflect: v . 反映；表现；显示•The choiceof school reflectsDad’s hopes for us .•Their stock prices fell to thelevels that did not reflect the true value of their assets .affect :•影响•react :反应•recognize •承认；认出withdraw : v . （军队）撤离；撤走•Resolutions were passedcalling for Israeli army to withdraw from Palestinian territory .withdraw : v . （从银行账户或储蓄账户）提取（款项）•You must present your cheque card when you withdraw any money .feedback :•反馈•departure :离开dramatic : adj . 引人注目的；突然而惊人的；急剧的；显著的；紧张刺激的；扣人心弦的；•I expect to see dramatic improvements .•Landing on the moon wasone of the most dramatic adventures of this century .ceremony: n. 典礼；仪式•wedding ceremony;•coronation ceremony;graduation ceremony;chase: v. 追赶excess: n. 超过；过量•Inflation results from an excess ofdemand oversupply .•This report shoulddiscourage us all fromeating an excess of fat.in excess of...weaken•削弱•omit省略•overcome•克服overtake•赶上；超过insurance•保险•expense花费；支出evidence•证据•favor•喜爱；偏爱•favorite最喜欢的物•fever•发烧flavor味道。
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寒假复习——阅读中最容易混淆的词汇辨析阅读中最容易混淆的词汇辨析abandon，desert，forsake，quit都含有一定的"放弃"之意abandon 指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划desert 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋eg.forsake one's wife and children遗弃妻儿;forsake bad habits 摈弃坏习惯quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指"停止" eg.quit work停止工作accessory，decoration，ornament 都含有一定的"装饰品"之意accessory [常作pl.]指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等)decoration 指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品ornament 指一般装饰品(ornament在作动词时常可和decorate互换)accomplish，complete，end，finish 都含有"完成"之意accomplish 指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果complete 指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分end 指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止finish 指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的"正确,精确"之意accurate 准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性correct 正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误delicate 精美、精细的、雅致的exact 确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差precise 精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带"吹毛求疵"的贬义accuse，charge，indict都含有一定的"指控,控告"之意accuse accuse sb. of doing sth.为…指责某人,控告某人charge charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人…achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的"获得,达到"之意achieve 强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等attain 正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地gain 指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西obtain 指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的"承认"之意acknowledge 着重”公开承认”,常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事admit 是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认(事实,错误等) concede (不情愿地)承认,(在结果确定前)承认失败confess 着重承认自己的过错或罪恶recognize 指正式承认主权、权利等affirm，assert，allege，claim都含有一定的"宣称，断言"之意affirm 断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意assert 宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称allege 宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说claim 声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,terror都含有一定的"惊恐"之意alarm 惊恐,忧虑,指突然遇到危险产生的紧张,害怕,惊慌失措的心理状态,也可指一般的担心忧虑(take/feel alarm at…因…而惊恐)dread 担忧,惧怕,多指因预料有危险和不愉快的事面临而产生的不安心情,比fear更为强烈的恐惧fear 表示恐惧最普通的用语,指遇到危险或灾难内心感到不安或发慌fright 指突然的惊恐horror 令人毛骨悚然,使人极其厌恶的恐怖(常用于强调表现出恐怖的现象或行为,而不强调引起恐怖的原因)panic 恐慌(指吃惊以后随之而来的不知所措,神经几乎失控的状态)terror 恐怖(指个人安全受到严重威胁时所产生的巨大恐惧及惊骇)alter,change,convert,modify,shift,transform,vary都含有一定的"改变"之意alter 改变,变更,指衣服等表面或局部做部分变动,而没有变成另一种事物change 改变,变更,指位置,性质,外表,形式或是数量与质量等改变.常与into连用convert 使转变,变化,一般只表示事物的外表及用途等方面发生的次要变化,而不是本质上的巨大变化,也可用于改变某人的政治观点、信仰.这个词义是其他词所没有的modify 修改,变更,较正式,常用以表示意见,计划或形式,质量方面不大的变化shift 指位置或方向的移动,改变transform 指外形或面貌的改变,彻底改变性格,性质等vary 改变,不同,有区别,变化alternative,choose,pick,select都含有一定的"选择"之意alternative adj. n. 供选择的,抉择,供选择的东西.指在两者之间进行选择,两者选一的choose 适用范围最广,指从众多的对象中挑选,这中挑选常取决于个人的意志与判断,不强调客观标准.它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的,可以是有形的或无形的.还常带有最终选定的含义,即表示选定候不再变化.pick 口头用语,指仔细地,精心地选择,含有挑剔的意思.一般指挑选有形的东西select 语气比choose重,多用于正式场合.指仔细地,审慎地精选,强调客观性,而不是主观性.所挑选的对象可以是有形或无形的,但一定是同种类的.altitude,aptitude,attitude,latitude都非常形近altitude 高度,海拔(an altitude of 20,000 meters above sea level海拔20,000米)aptitude 才能,智力,倾向,习性attitude 态度,看法latitude 纬度(longitude经度)ample, adequate, plentiful,sufficient都含有一定的"足够,丰富"之意ample 指不仅能达到应有的程度,满足需要,而且还有余,一般不修饰数量不定的名词(ample time充裕的时间;an ample basket of fruit满满一篮水果;ample space宽敞的空间)adequate 足够的,充分的,指数量和质量上复合一个特定的标准或不太高的要求plentiful 丰富的,很多的,富裕的sufficient 尤指程度上多到能满足或达到某种特殊需要,特别是精神上的需要amplify, enhance, enlarge,expand,magnify都含有一定的"扩大,提高"之意amplify 放大,扩大,增强,指放大,增强(信号等)enhance 提高,增强,指(价格,力量,吸引力,声望)等的增加,提高.enlarge 指体积,大小,范围,能力等方面的增加expand 既可指数量上或体积上的增加,也可用来之前后左右上下任何方向的扩大,也指知识的增长,生意的扩大magnify 指放大,扩大(声音,照片等)annoy,furious,indignant,irritate,provoke都含有一定的"恼怒"之意annoy 指有余被迫忍受某种不愉快甚至讨厌的事情而失去耐心或沉着(be annoyed at/by sth. be annoyed with sb. 对某人/某事很生气)furious 狂怒的(be furious with sb. be furious at/about sth对某人/某事大发雷霆)indignant 强调的是愤怒,愤慨,愤愤不平irritate 指一再打扰某人,终于使其失去耐心而发怒.provoke 激怒(人,动物),使生气(provoke sb. to do /into doing...刺激某人做某事)apparatus,appliance,equipment,facility,instrument都含有一定的"器具"之意apparatus 指"一套仪器,一套器械,装置"appliance 通常指需要动力才能操作的家用电器和装置等equipment 指"设备,装备"facility (pl.)"设备,设施",只是工作生活便利的工具和环境instrument 指精密的或科学的和艺术上使用的器具等answer,reply,respond都含有一定的"回答"之意answer 用的最广,几乎可指口头,书面乃至行动所表示的一切reply 指较为正式或经过考虑的答复,除了后面接直接宾语或以that开始的句子外,一般只用作不及物动词,后面连用to,表示回答旁人的问题(话语,信件,祝贺,攻击等)respond 一般指对紧急问题或请求作出答复,或用行动对所说或所做的事情做出反应。