The Bacteria in a Giant's Body--Analysis of Problems in USA Politics
预防医学常用英文单词.doc
Aabattage 屠宰abiosis 营养性衰竭abnormal exposure 异常照射abnormal odor 异常气味abridged life table 简略寿命表abscopal effect 远隔效应absolute activity 绝对活性absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute lethal concentration 绝对致死浓度absorbed dose 吸收剂量absorbed dose index 吸收剂量指数absorbed dose index rate 吸收剂量指数率absorbed dose rate 吸收剂量率absorbed nitrogen 吸收氮absorbent 吸收剂absorber 吸收管absorption 吸收（作用）absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption of radionuclide in the body 放射性核素在体内的吸收absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption rate 吸收率absorption spectrophotometry 吸收分光光度法abstract 摘要，概括abundance ratio 丰度比acalcicosis (acalcerosis) 缺钙症accelerated excretion of radionuclide from the body 放射性核素由体内的促排accelerator 加速器accelerator-based activation analysis 使用加速器的活化分析accelerator-type neutron generator 加速器型中子发生器acceptable dose 可接受的剂量，容许剂量acceptable concentration 容许浓度acceptable daily intake 每日容许摄入量acceptor 受体access time 存取时间accident 事故，意外事件accident condition 事故状态accidental exposure 事故照射accidental exposure 事故性接触accumulated dose 累积剂量accumulation 蓄积accuracy 准确度accurate diagnosis 确诊acentric fragment (terminal deleton) 无着丝点断片（末端缺失）acentric ring 无着丝点环acephalus 无头畸胎acetaldehyde 乙醛acetic aldehyde 乙醛acetic ester 醋酸酯acetone 丙酮acetyl Co-A乙酰辅酶-Aacetylcholine 乙酰胆碱acid fume 酸雾acid rain 酸雨acidosis 酸中毒acoustics 声学acrolein 丙烯醛acrylic acid 丙烯酸acrylonitrile 丙烯acta 学报，通报actinium emanation (actinon) 锕射气（An）actinium family 锕系actino-uranium family 锕铀系activable tracer 可活化示踪物activated carbon 活性炭activation 活化activation analysis 活化分析active zone 活性区activity 活性activity concentration 放射性浓度actual frequency 实际频数acute radium poisoning 急性镭中毒acute radiation injury 急性放射损伤acute radiation injury of skin 急性皮肤放射损伤acute radiation pneumonitis 急性放射型肺炎acute radiation sickness 急性放射病acute uranium poisoning 急性铀中毒acute intoxication 急性中毒acute pernicious beriberi 急性恶性脚气病adaptation 适应adaptive response 适应性反应addict 嗜好，吸毒成瘾addition reaction 加成反应additional chlorine 加氯量additive 添加物（剂）additive action 相加作用adenine 腺嘌呤adenosine 腺甙adenosine triphosphate, A TP 三磷酸腺苷adenovirus 腺病毒adenylatecyclase 腺甙酸环化酶adenylic acid 腺甙酸adequate nutrition 合理营养adjusted rate 调整率adolescence 青春期adolescent 青少年adrenal gland 肾上腺adrenal gland imaging 肾上腺显影adrenalin 肾上腺素adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH 促肾上腺皮质激素adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附作用adsorption coprecipitation 吸附共沉淀adulthood 成年时期aeration process 曝气法aerobic bacteria 需氧细菌aerosol 气溶胶aerosphere 大气圈aether (ether) 乙醚aetiology (etiology) 病因学affair 事件affinity 亲和力（性）affinity chromatography 亲和层析法aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素aflatoxin poisoning 黄曲霉毒素中毒agar 琼脂age-specific probability of dying 年龄组死亡概率agency 经办，代理（处），机构age-specific death rate (ASDR) 年龄别（组）死亡率age-specific fertility rate 年龄别生育率age-specific mortality rate 年龄别死亡率air filter 空气过滤器air kerma rate constant 空气比释动能率常数air sampling 空气取样air cleaning 空气净化air conditioning 空气调节（空调）air mass 气团air quality 大气质量Air Quality Act 大气质量法（法令，法规）air sampler 大气采样器air shower 空气淋浴air-borne transmission 空气传播aircraft disease 航空病air-dry weight 风干重量alarm 警报albedo neutron dosimeter 反照率中子剂量计albumen (albumin) 白蛋白albuminuria 蛋白尿症aldehyde 醛alimentary toxicosis 食物中毒aliquot 等份试样，可分量alkali-earths elements 硷土族元素alkali-metals elements 硷金属元素alkaline phosphatase 硷性磷酸酶alkane 烷烃，链烷alkene 烯烃，链烯allele 等位基因allergen 致敏原，变态反应原allergic reaction 变态反应allergy 变态反应allowable error 允许误差allowed transition 容许跃迁alpha decay α衰变alpha disintegration α衰变alpha fetoprotein, AFP 甲胎蛋白alpha particle α粒子alpha ray α射线alpha track α径迹alternative hypothesis 备择假设Ames test 艾姆斯试验（鼠伤寒沙门氏菌/哺乳动物肝微粒体试验）amine 胺amino acid 氨基酸amino acid pattern 氨基酸模式amino acid score 氨基酸评分amino-carboxyl complexing agent 氨羧络合剂aminoethylisothiourea, AET 氨基乙基异硫脲aminopherase 转氨酶ammonia nitrogen 氨氮ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵ammonium nitrite 亚硝酸铵anaerobe (anaerobic bacteria) 厌氧菌analysis of data 分析资料analysis of variance (ANOV A) 方差分析analysis instrumentation 仪器分析analytical chemistry of uranium 铀的分析化学anaphase 末期Anerican Board of Nuclear Medicine, ABNM 美国核医学董事会β-aminoisobutyric β氨基异丁酸aneroid (barometer) 空盆气分析aneurin 维生素B1，硫胺素aniline 苯胺animal experiment 动物实验animal foodstuff 动物性食品anion 阴离子anion exchange resin 阴离子交换树脂anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂annihilation 湮没annihilation radiation 湮没辐射annotation 注解，注释annual dose 年剂量annual limit of intake, ALI 年摄入量限值anode 阳极anode stripping voltammetry 阳极溶出伏安法anoxia 缺氧症antagonism 拮抗作用antagonistic action 拮抗作用anthracene 蒽anthraco-slicosis 煤矽肺anthrax bacillus 炭疽杆菌anthrcosis 煤肺antibody 抗体antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, ADCC 抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性anticancer agent 抗癌剂anti-corrosion 防腐antidiuretic hormone, ADH 抗利尿激素antidote 解毒剂antigen 抗原antilymphocyte serum, ALS 抗淋巴细胞血清antimony 锑antineutrino 反中微子antineutron 反中子anti-pollution measure 环境污染对策antiproton 反质子antiseptic agent 防腐剂antitoxin 抗毒素aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血apparent clinical well being 假愈期apparent digestibility 表观消化率appearance 外观appetite 食欲applicator 敷贴器apurinic/apyrimidinic site 无嘌呤/无嘧啶位点aquatic organism 水生生物aquatic plant 水生植物arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸archives 档案，文献arcsine transformation 反正弦变换area monitoring （工作）场所监测area of radiation 照射面积area scanner 面（积）扫描机argon 氩ariboflavinosis 核黄素缺乏症arithmetic mean 算术平均数，均数arm counter 手腕计数器aromatic ring 芳香环aromatics 芳香族化合物arrhythmia 心律失常arsenic poisoning 砷中毒arsenide food poisoning 砷化物食物中毒artificial radioactive source 人工辐射源artificial radioactivity 人造放射性artificial radioisotope 人工放射性同位素artificial radionuclide 人造放射性核素artificial illumination (artificial lighting) 人工照明asbestos (asbestos) 石棉asbestosis 石棉沉着病，石棉肺ascariasis 蛔虫病ascending chromatography 上行层析法ascending paper chromatography 上行纸层析法ascorbic acid 抗坏血酸ascorbic acid oxidase 抗坏血酸氧化酶asepsis 无菌法，防腐asphalt 沥青，柏油assay 测定，化验，检验assessment 评价assessment of exposure 照射评价assessment of radiation protection 辐射防护评价associate 同事，伙伴assumption 假想，设想asymmetrical interchange 不对称间互换atmospheric corrosion 大气腐蚀atmospheric dilution 大气稀释atmospheric particulates 大气微粒atmospheric pollution 大气污染atmospheric pollution index 大气污染指数atom 原子atomic bomb 原子弹Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission, ABCC 原子弹爆炸损伤调查委员会Atomic Energy Commission, AEC （美国）原子能委员会（现已取消）atomic mass number 原子质量数atomic mass unit 原子质量单位atomic medicine 原子医学，核医学atomic nuclear reaction 原子核反应atomic nucleus 原子核atomic reactor 原子反应堆atomic weapon 原子武器atomic absorption spectrophotometer 原子吸收分光光度计atomosphere 大气圈，大气，气氛atrophy 萎缩attenuation coefficient 减弱系数，衰减系数attenuator 衰减器attributable risk 归因危险度audiometry 听力测定auditory fatigue 听觉疲劳auger electron 俄歇电子authorized limit 管理限值autoclave 高压锅autocorralation function 自相关函数autocorrelation coefficient 自相关系数autoinfection 自身感染automat 自动装置automatic control自动控制automatic data processing system 自动处理数据系统automatic pipettor 自动移液器automatic sample changer 自动换样器automatic sampler-counter 自动取样计数器automatic scintillation scanner 自动闪烁扫描机automatic well counter 自动井型计数器autonomous thyroid nodule 自主性甲状腺结节autoradiogram, ARGM 放射自显影图autoradiograph 放射自显影autoradiographic lacalization of receptor 放射自显影受体显示术autoradiographic neuroanatomical tracing 放射自显影神经解剖示踪术autoradiography 放射自显影术autoradiolysis 放射自溶解availability 有效性，效力available chlorine 有效氯avalanche detector 雪崩检测器average 平均数average life time 平均寿命average life 平均寿命avidin 抗生素蛋白，抗生朊avitaminosis 维生素缺乏症avogadro number 阿伏伽德罗常数azimuthally-varying-field cyclotron 磁场按方位角度变的回旋加速器azo-reagent 偶氯试剂Bbaby cyclotron 小型回旋加速器bacillus-coli (colon-bacillus) 大肠杆菌back scattering 反向散射back-extract 反萃取background 本底，背景background count 本底（计数）background survey 本底调查bacteria-carrier 带菌者bacterial food poisoning 细菌性食物中毒bactericide 杀菌剂bag filter 布袋除尘器bar 巴（压强单位）bar graph 条图bariun poisoning 钡中毒barn 巴恩barometer 气压计barometric high 高气压barometric low 低气压barrieer effect 屏障作用barrier function of organism 机体屏障功能base excision repair 硷基切除修复basic limit 基本限值basic nuclear medicine 基础核医学basicity 碱性，碱度basophil granulocyte 嗜硷粒细胞batch processing 成批处理，批量处理battery 电池beam hardening（射线）束硬化现象beam therapy射束治疗becquerel, Bq贝可（勒尔）behaviour-metabolic law行径代谢规律benzahex 六六六（农药）benzene poisoning苯中毒benzene hexachloride (BHC) 六六六，六氯化苯benzene poisoning 苯中毒benzidine 联苯胺benzol 工业苯benzopyrene 苯并芘beriberi 脚气病berylliosis 铍中毒beta decayβ衰变beta disintigrationβ衰变beta particleβ粒子beta rayβ射线（粒子）beta ray applicatorβ线敷贴器beta spectrometerβ谱仪beta trackβ径迹betatron电子感应加速器between assay测定间（批间）分析between assay error测定间（批间）分析误差bias 偏性bibliography 文献目录，目录学biliary tract imaging胆道显影binding energy结合能binomial distribution 二项分布binucleate lymphocyte双核淋巴细胞bioaccumulation 生物蓄积，生物积累bioassay生物学检验，生物测定biochemical conversion 生物转化biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 生物需氧量biocondensation 生物富集，生物缩合biodegradation 生物降解biodosimeter生物剂量计bioelectrical activity 生物电活动bio-enrichment 生物富集biofeed-back机体（自身）反馈，生物反馈biological half-life period 生物半衰期，生物半减期biological decay生物衰变，生物排出biological decay constant生物衰变常数biological dosimeter生物剂量指示计biological effect生物效应biological half-life生物半衰期biological macromolecule生物大分子biological oxidation生物氧化biological comcentration 生物浓缩biological methylation 生物甲基化biological monitoring 生物监测biological oxidation 生物氧化biological purification 生物净化biological specimen 生物样品biological treatment 生物处理法biological value of protein 蛋白质生物学价值biomechanics生物力学biopsy 活组织检查biosphere 生物圈biotic index 生物指数biotic pollution 生物性污染biotransformation 生物转化bio-transport 生物运转birth control rate 节育率birth rate 出生率bivariate normal distribution 双变量正态分布bleaching powder 漂白粉blind method 盲法blood reaction血液反应blood brain barrier血脑屏障blood change血液变化blood lipid血脂blood pool imaging血池显影body surface radioactivity体表放射性bolus injection弹丸注射bombardment轰击，照射bone imaging骨显象bone marrow骨髓bone marrow form of acute radiation sickness骨髓型急性放射病bone marrow imaging骨髓显象bone marrow necrosis骨髓坏死bone marrow syndrome骨髓综合症bone marrow transfusion骨髓输注bone marrow transplantation骨髓移植bone necrosis骨坏死bone scanning骨扫描bone seeking nuclide亲骨性核素bone tumor骨肿瘤bone deposition 骨中沉积boron 硼botulinum toxin 肉毒毒素botulism (bolulismus) 肉毒中毒box plot 箱式图brachytherapy近距离放射治疗brain scanning 脑扫描branching decay分支衰变branching fraction分支份额break断裂breathing zone呼吸带breathing zone sampling呼吸带取样breathing zone 呼吸带bremsstrahlung韧致辐射broad beam attenuation宽束衰减broad-beam condition宽束条件broad-beam irradiation宽束辐照bromine poisoning 溴中毒bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchitis 支气管炎buffer 缓冲剂build-up factor积累因子bullosa dermatitis水泡性皮炎bureau 局，司，处，署burn-shock combined injury烧冲复合伤burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E)暴发性红系祖细胞butadiene 丁二烯butyl alcohol 丁醇byssinosis 棉尘肺Ccadmium telleride radiaion detector碲化镉（辐射）探测器cadmium disease 镉病cadmium poisoning 镉中毒cadmium pollution 镉污染caisson disease 潜函病calcification 钙化作用，骨化作用calcium 钙calcium binding protein 钙结合蛋白calculation of dose 剂量估算calibration 刻度，标定，校准calibration curve 校准曲线calibration source 校标（用）源，刻度源calibration curve 校准曲线caloric requirement 热量需要量calorie (calory) 卡（热量单位）cancer 癌症cancer due to occupation (occupational cancer) 职业性癌症capping 帽形成capture 俘获capture gamma ray 俘获γ射线carbinol 甲醇carbohydrate 碳水化合物，糖类carbohydrate metabolism 糖代谢carbolic acid (phenol) 石炭酸，苯酚carbon disulfide 二硫化碳carbon tracer 示踪碳carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon disulfide poisoning 二硫化碳中毒carbon monoxide poisoning 一氧化碳中毒carbon oxide pollution 碳氧化物污染carcinogen 致癌原，致癌物carcinogenesis 致癌作用carcinogenic dose 致癌剂量carcinogenic effect 致癌效应carcinogenic action 致癌作用carcinogenic agent 促癌因子carcinogenicity 致癌性carcinogensis 致癌作用carcinoma 癌，恶性肿瘤cardiac phase analysis 心脏相位分析法cardiac scanning 心脏扫描cardiovascular form of acute radiation sickness 心血管型急性放射病cardiovascular form of death 心血管型死亡cardiovascular nuclear medicine 心血管核医学carnitine 肉毒碱carotene (carotin) 胡萝卜素carotenoid 类胡萝卜素carrier 病原体携带者，载体case fatality rate 某病病死率case-control study 病例对照研究case-fatality 病死率case-study 个案病例调查catalase 过氧化氢酶catalysis 催化作用catalyst (catalyzer) 催化剂cataract 白内障categorical variable 分类变量category 种类，类别cathepsin 组织蛋白酶catheter semiconducter radiation detector 导管型半导体辐射探测器cathode (catelectrode) 阴极，负极cation 正离子，阳离子cation exchange resin 阳离子交换树脂cause eliminated life table 去死因寿命表cause specific mortality rate 病因别死亡率cause-effect relationship 因果关系cause-specific death rate 死因别死亡率ceiling value 上限值cell division 细胞分裂cell kinetics 细胞动力学cell loss factor 细胞丢失系数cell population 细胞群体cell proliferation 细胞增殖cell renewal system 细胞更新系统cellular effect 细胞效应censored value 截尾值census 普查，人口调查census statistics 静态人口统计centigrade thermometer 摄氏温度计central tendency 集中趋势central limit theorem 中心极限定理central nervous system syndrome 中枢神经系统综合征centrifugal dust remover 离心式除尘器centrifugal analysis 离心分析centrifugal machine 离心机cereals 谷类，谷类植物cerebral form acute radiation sickness 脑型急性放射病cerebral radionuclide angiography 放射性核素脑血管显象术cerebral scintigraphy 脑闪烁显像术ceric-sulphate dosimeter 硫酸铈剂量计chain reaction 链式反应chalone 抑素changes of blood and hemopoietic system 血液造血变化character 性能，特征character density 字符密度characteristic 特征，特性characteristic x-ray spectrum 标准伦琴射线光谱charcoal dextran 活性炭葡聚糖charged ionizing particle 带电电离粒子charged particle accelerator 带电粒子加速器charged particle activation analysis 带电粒子活化分析charged particle excited x-ray fluorescence analysis 带电粒子激发的X线荧光分析charged reader 充电读数装置check sample 对照样品check test 对照检验chemical 化学药品，化学制品chemical carcinogens 化学致癌剂chemical dosimeter 化学剂量计chemical food poisoning 化学性食物中毒chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量chemically pure 化学纯chemotherapy 化学疗法child-women ratio 儿童妇女比chimera （辐射）嵌合体chinese hamster ovary (CHO) 中国仓鼠卵巢Chinese Society of Environmental Science 中国环境科学学会Chi-square test 卡方检验，χ2检验chloride 氯化物chloride of lime 漂白粉chlorination 加氯消毒chlorine 氯chlorletnylene 氯乙烯chloroform 氯仿，三氯甲烷chloromethyl methyl ether 氯甲甲醚chlorophenotone 滴滴涕，双对氯苯基三氯乙烷cholecalciferol 维生素D3，胆钙化醇cholesterol 胆固醇cholesterol ester 胆固醇酯choline 胆碱cholinesterase 胆碱酯酶cholinesterase activity 胆碱酯酶活性chromatid 染色单体chromatid break 染色单体断裂chromatid gap 染色单体裂隙chromatid interchange 染色单体互换chromatograph 色谱仪chromatographic column 色谱吸附柱，色谱柱chromatography 色谱法，层析chromium poisoning 铬中毒chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变chromosomal abnormality 染色体异常chromosome 染色体chronic radiation dermatitis 慢性放射性皮炎chronic radiation injury 慢性放射损伤chronic radiation injury of skin 慢性皮肤放射性损伤chronic radiation pneumonitis 慢性放射性肺炎chronic radiation sickness 慢性放射病chronic effect 慢性作用chronic intoxication 慢性中毒chronic poisoning 慢性中毒chronic toxicity 慢性毒性cigarette 香烟，纸烟ciguateva toxin 雪卡毒素circle graph 圆图circular accelerator 圆形加速器circulatory disorder 循环障碍circumstance 环境，情况，细节city dweller 城市居民city planning 城市规划city sanitation 城市卫生class interval 组距class of pollution 污染等级classification 分组classification of death causes 死因分类classification of diseases 疾病分类classification of pollutant 污染物分类classified nomenclature of diseases 分类的疾病名称clean-up 去污clearance rate 清除率climate 气候clinical nuclear medic ine 临床核医学clinical trial 临床试验clostridium botulinum 肉毒梭状芽孢杆菌clothing monitor 衣服检测仪cluster sampling 整群抽样coagulant 凝聚剂coagulant sedimentation 混凝沉淀coagulation 混凝（作用）coagulation facteer 凝血因子coal pneumoconiosis 煤肺coal dust 煤尘coal-tar 煤焦油coating agent 敷贴剂coating method （放射自显影）涂膜法coaxial detectr 同轴探测器cobalt poisoning 钴中毒cobalt-60 therapeutic installation 钴60治疗机co-carcinogen 辅致癌物Cockcroft-Walton accelerator 高压倍加器，考-瓦二氏加速器co-crystallization and co-precipitation 共结晶共沉淀code 代码，密码coefficient 系数coefficient of dispersion 离散系数coefficient of kurtosis 峰度系数coefficient of skewness 偏度系数coefficient of variation 变异系数coefficient of product-moment correlation 积差相关系数coefficient of variation 变异系数coefficient of correlation 相关系数coefficient of lighting 采光系数coefficient of natural illumination 自然照度系数coenzyme A（C O A）辅酶Acofactor 辅助因素coherent interference 相干干涉cohort study 定群研究，队列研究cohort labelling 同类标记，同群标记cohort life table 定群寿命表，队列受命表cohort study 队列研究coincidence scanning 符合扫描coincidence technique 符合技术60Co irradiation facility 60Co辐照装置cold area 低活性区cold laboratory “冷”实验室，非放射性实验室cold lesion 冷区，冷病灶cold spot imaging 冷区显像cold sterilization 冷消毒，辐射消毒cold sterilization 冷灭菌colibacillus 大肠杆菌，大肠菌coliform group 大肠杆菌群coli-group bacteria 大肠菌群coli-group index 大肠菌指数coli-group test 大肠菌群检验coli-group titre（titer）大肠菌群值collection of data 搜集资料collective dose epuivalent 集体剂量当量collimate 准直collimator 准直器colloidal radio (active )gold 放射性胶体金colloidal suspension 胶体悬浮液coloboma 缺损colon bacillus 大肠杆菌colony 集落colony forming unit basophil, CFU-Ba 嗜碱性粒系祖细胞colony forming unit B-lymphocyte, CFU-BL B淋巴系祖细胞colony forming unit erythroid, CFU-E 红系祖细胞colony stimulating factor basophil, CSF-Ba 嗜碱粒系集落刺激因子colony stimulating factor eosinophil, CSF-Eo 嗜酸粒系集落刺激因子colony stimulating factor granulo-macrophage, CSF-GM 粒巨噬系集落刺激因子colony stimulating factor, CSF 集落刺激因子colony forming unit eosinophil, CFU-Eo 嗜酸性粒系祖细胞colony forming unit megakaryocyte, CFU-M 巨核系祖细胞colony forming unit granulomacrophage, CFU-GM 粒系巨噬系祖细胞colony forming unit T-lymphocyte, CFU-TL T淋巴系祖细胞colour autoradiography 彩色放射自显影术colour scanning 彩色扫描combinative table 组和表combined effect of poisons 毒物的联合作用combined-injury following burn-radio-shock 烧放冲复合伤combined-injury following radio-burn-shock 放烧冲复合伤combined-injury following nuclear explosion 核爆炸复合伤commentary 评论，注释commission （授权某人）代办，委托，委员会committed dose equivalent 待积剂量当量committee 委员会（较大团体）Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation, BEIR 电离辐射生物效应委员会committee of patriotic health movement 爱国卫生运动委员会community 社会，团体community health 公共卫生Comoton-Wu (Y ouxun) Effect 康普顿－吴有训效应compact accelerator 小型加速器compact cyclotron 小型回旋加速器compartmental analysis 区域分析compensation 代偿机能，赔偿（损失）compensation phase 代偿期competitive assay 竞争分析（法）competitive radioassay 竞争放射分析compiler 编辑者，汇编者complete life table 完全寿命表complete survey 全面调查，普查complete correlation 完全相关completely random design 完全随机设计complex compound 络合物complex reaction 复杂反应complexing agent 络合剂complication of radiation therapy 放射治疗并发症component 成分，组分compost 堆肥comprehensive pollution index 综合污染指数comunity intervention trial 社区干预试验concentration 浓度concrete equivalent 混凝土当量conditioned reflex 条件反射confidence interval 可信区间confidence limit 可信限confirmatory research 证实性研究confounding factor 混杂因素，干扰因素，混杂因子confounding bias 混杂偏倚congenital malformation 先天畸形constant voltage accelerator 恒定压型加速器constituent of causes of death 死因构成constituent ratio 构成比constriction 缢痕consumption 消费，消耗contact poison 触杀剂，接触毒contaminant（pollutant）污染物contamination monitoring 污染监测contamination（pollution）污染contingency table 列联表continuous labelling method 连续标记法continuous neutron activation analysis 连续中子活化分析contraceptive failure rate 避孕失败率contraceptive prevalence 避孕现用率contrast enhancement 对比度增强，造影增强contrast medium 造影剂control 对照物，控制control levels of surface contamination 污染表面的控制水平control group 对照组control of pest and disease 除害灭病controlled area 控制区convergent-beam therapy 汇聚束疗法converter 变换器，转换器coordination number 配位数（加合体）copper 铜copper plating 镀铜co-precipitation 共沉淀correction for continuity 连续性校正correction formula 校正公式correlation 相关关系correlation coefficient 相关系数corrosivity 腐蚀性corticosteroid 皮质类固醇corticosterone 皮质酮cortisol 皮质醇cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic ray 宇宙射线cost benefit analysis 代价利益分析cougulant aids 助凝剂council 政务会，议会，理事会，委员会Council on Environmental Quality（CEQ）环境质量委员会（美）councilor 理事，参赞，参议员，顾问cretinism 克汀病（先天性缺碘所致），亦称地方性呆小症criterion, criteria（pl）标准，准则critical dose rate 临界剂量率critical exposure pathway 关键照射途径critical group 关键人群组critical nuclide 关键核素critical organ 关键器官critical point 临界点critical tissue 关键组织critical transfer pathway 关键转移途径criticality accident 临界事故criticality alarm system 临界报警系统cross section 截面cross infection 交叉感染cross-linking 交联crude birth rate (CBR) 粗出生率crude death rate (CDR) 粗死亡率crude mortality rate 总死亡率crude petroleum 原油crude protein 粗蛋白crystal opacity 晶体混浊cummulative failure rate 累计失败率cumulation coefficient 蓄积系数cumulation of poisons 毒物蓄积cumulative dose 累积剂量cumulative probability 累计概率cure rate 治愈率curie 居里Curie M. S. 居里夫人current life table 现时寿命表curve fitting 曲线拟合cyanide elimination method 氰化物消除法cyanide poisoning 氰化物中毒cyano-ethylene 乙烯氰cyanosis 发绀cyclic AMP (cAMP) assay kit 环—磷酸腺苷测定试剂盒cyclobutane dimer 环丁烷二聚体cyclotron 回旋加速器cyclotron nuclear medicine 回旋加速器核医学cyclotron-produced 回旋加速器产物cyclotron-produced radiopharmaceutical 回旋加速器生产的放射性药物cysteine 半胱氨酸cystine 胱氨酸cystogram 膀胱X线象cytochrome C 细胞色素Ccytochrome oxidase 细胞色素氧化酶cytogenetics 细胞遗传学cytosine 胞核嘧啶cytotoxic injury 细胞毒性损害DD0 value D0值dacryoscintigraphy 泪道闪烁显像术daily average 一日平均daily dietary allowance 每日膳食供给量daily nutrient allowance 每日营养素供给量data cleaning 资料清理data accumulation 数据积累data processing 数据处理daughter 子体，子核，子系daughter nuclide 子体核素daughter product 子体产物day lighting 自然采光de facto 实际制de jure 法定制deacetylmethylcolchicing 去乙酰甲基秋水仙素dead time 死时间decalcification therpy 脱钙疗法decay 衰变，蜕变decay constant 衰变常数decay scheme 衰变图，衰变方式decibel（db）分贝decimal reduction time 递减时间decomposition 分解作用decompression sickness 减压病decontaminating agent 除沾染剂decontamination 除污染作用decontamination 去污decontamination factor 去污因子defibrination syndrome 脱纤维综合征deficiency disease （营养）缺乏病degeneration 变性degree of dispersion 分散度degree of freedom 自由度degree of relationship 相关程度degree of dispersion 离散程度，分散度degree of freedom 自由度degree of saturation 饱和度degree of variation 变异程度deionization 去离子作用，去电离delayed neutron 缓发中子delayed scan 延迟扫描delayed type hypersensitivity 迟发型超敏感性delayed neurotoxicity 迟发性神经毒性deletion 缺失demeton-methyl（metasystox）甲基内吸磷demography 人口统计density resolution 密度（浓度）分辨能力density-inhibited stationary phase cell culture 密集抑制的稳相细胞培养deoxypyrimidine nucleoside 脱氧嘧啶核苷deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase 脱氧核糖核酸聚合酶dependency ratio 抚养比dependent variable 应变量，因变量deposited fraction 沉积分数depth dose equivalent index 深部剂量当量指数deradiocontamination 消除放射性沾染derivative activation analysis 衍生物活化分析derived air concentration, DAC 推定空气浓度derived limit 推定限值descriptive statistics 统计描述desertification 沙漠化design 设计design of experiment 实验设计desmosome-like junction 胞桥小体样联合detection efficiency 探测效率detection limit 探测极限detector 探测器，探头detergent 去污剂determination 测定detoxification 解毒作用detriment 危害developer 显影剂developing agent 显影剂developmental standard 发育标准deviation from the mean 离均差dextran coated charcoal 葡聚糖包被活性炭diagnostic radiography X线诊断摄影术diagnostic radiology 诊断放射学diagnostic radiology specialist 放射诊断专业医师，放射诊断专家diasonograph 超声诊断仪dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane DDTdiet 膳食dietary survey (dietetic survey) 膳食调查dietetics 营养学，饮食学dietitian (dietician) 饮食学家，营养师difference with significance 差别有显著性diffuse distribution 弥散分布diffusion 扩散digital radiography 数控X线摄影术digital radiology 数控放射学digital scanner 数字扫描机digital scintigram 数字闪烁显像图digital subtraction angiography 减数血管造影术dilution 稀释dilution effect 稀释效应2,3-dimercaptopropanol 2，3－二巯基丙醇dimethylsulfate 硫酸二甲酯direct action 直接作用direct isotope dilution analysis 直接同位素稀释分析法，同位素正稀释法direct isotope dilution method 直接同位素稀释法，同位素正稀释法direct nuclide dilution analysis 直接核素稀释分析法，核素正稀释法direct radiation 直接辐射direct saturation analysis 直接饱和分析法direct carcinogen 直接致癌物directly ionizing particle 直接电离粒子disability 丧失功能残疾disc 圆盘，磁盘，圆盘法disc solid-phase radioimmunoassay 圆盘固相放射免疫分析法disease of natural infection focus 自然疫源性疾病disinfection of drinking water 饮水消毒disintegration 衰变disintegration constant 衰变常数disintegration curve 衰变曲线disintegration product 衰变产物disintegrations per minute 每分（钟）衰变数，衰变/分display 显示，显示器，显像disposal 处理，控制disposal of radioactive waste 放射性废物处理dissolved oxygen (DO) 溶解氧distance protection 距离防护distillate 馏出物distillation 蒸馏作用distribution 分布distribution of radionuclide within the body 放射性核素在体内的分布diuresis renogram 利尿肾图division delay 分裂延迟DNA repair DNA修复domestic sewage 生活污水，生活污物Donora smog incident 多诺拉烟雾事件dose build-up factor 剂量累积因子dose detector 剂量计dose equivalent 剂量当量dose equivalent index 剂量当量指数dose equivalent limit 剂量当量限值dose equivalent rate 剂量当量率dose equivalent commitment 剂量当量负担dose equivalent index rate 剂量当量指数率dose equivalent instrument 剂量当量仪dose limit 剂量限值dose meter 剂量计dose modifying factor 剂量修正系数dose rate 剂量率dose reduction fraction 剂量降低分数dose-effect 剂量-效应dose-effect curve 剂量-效应曲线dose-ratemeter 剂量率计，剂量率仪dose-reaction 剂量-反应dose-response 剂量-反应dose-response curve 剂量效应曲线dosimeter 剂量计double antibody radioimmunoassay 双抗体放射免疫分析法double blind test 双盲试验法double derivative isotope dilution analysis 双衍生物同位素稀释分析法double detecting scanning 双探头扫描double headed scintillation counter 双探头闪烁计数器double isotope derivative analysis 双同位素衍生物分析法double labelling 双标记double labelling tracer experiment 双标记示踪试验double nuclide (isotope) derivative analysis 双标记核素（同位素）衍生物法double strand break 双链断裂double tracer technique 双示踪法doubling dose 加倍计量doughnut sign 月晕征，轮圈征drinking water treatment 饮水处理drinking wter testing method 饮水检查法drive lead treatment 驱铅疗法drive mercury treatment 驱汞疗法dry dedusting 干式除尘dry epidermitis 干性表皮炎dual channel detection system 双道探测系统dual head scanner 双探头扫描机dual-photomultiplier scintillation counter 双光电倍增管闪烁计数器dummy source 假放射源Duncan`s new multiple range method 新复极差法，Duncan新法dust cell 尘细胞dust concentration 粉尘浓度dust dispersity 粉尘分散度dust separator 除尘器dynamic series 动态数列dynamic study 动态检查（分析）dynamics 动力学，动态dynamics of precursor-intermediate-product relationship 前身物-中间物-产物关系动力学dystrophic change 营养不良性变化dystrophy 营养不良，营养障碍Eearly nuclear radiation 早期核辐射earmuffs 耳罩，耳套earplug 耳塞echocardiogram 超声心动图echocardiography 超声心动扫描术echography 回波描记术ecological approach 生态方法ecological balance 生态平衡ecological equilibrium 生态平衡ecological system 生态系统ecology 生态学ecotoxicology 生态毒理学ectopic focus 异位（兴奋）灶edema 水肿edition 版，版本，版次editor 编者，编辑。
2021年托福试题阅读理解模拟题考点分析(卷十)
2021年托福试题阅读理解模拟题考点分析（卷十）Title：The Cambrian ExplosionThe earliest fossil evidence for eukaryotes complex organisms whose cells contain a distinct nucleus dates to only about 1.2 billion years ago. The fossil record suggests that animal evolution progressed slowly, with relatively little change seen between fossils from 1.2 billion years ago and those from a half-billion years later. But then something quite dramatic happened as can be judged by the many different animal groups that suddenly appear in the fossil record.Biologists classify animals according to their basic body plans. For example, the basic body plan shared by mammals and reptiles is fundamentally different from that of insects.Animals are grouped by body plan into what biologists call phyla. Mammals and reptiles both belong to the single phylum Chordata, which includes animals with internal skeletons. Insects, crabs, and spiders belong to the phylum Arthropoda, which contains animals with body features such as jointed legs, an external skeleton, and segmented bodies. Classifying animals into phyla is an ongoing project for biologists, but modern animals appear to comprise about 30 different phyla, each representing a different body plan.Remarkably, nearly all of these different body plans, plus a few others that have gone extinct, make their first known appearance in thegeological record during a period spanning only about 40 million years less than about 1 percent of Earth's history. This remarkable flowering of animal diversity appears to have begun about 545 million years ago, which corresponds to the start of the Cambrian period. Hence it is called the Cambrian explosion.The fact that the Cambrian explosion marks the only major diversification of body plans in the geological record presents us with two important and related questions: Why, so long after the origin of eukaryotes, did the pace of evolution suddenly accelerate dramatically at the beginning of the Cambrian, and why hasn't there been another period of similarly explosive diversification since then We can identify at least four factors that might have contributed to the Cambrian explosion. First, the oxygen level in our atmosphere may have remained well below its present level until about the time of the Cambrian explosion. Thus, the rapid diversification in animal life may have occurred at least in part because oxygen reached a critical level for the survival of larger and more energy-intensive life forms.A second factor that may have been important was the evolution of genetic complexity.As eukaryotes evolved, they developed more and more genetic variation in their DNA. Some scientists believe that the Cambrian explosion marks the point at which organisms developed certain kinds of genes (homeobox genes) that control body form and thatcould be combined in different ways, allowing the evolution of a great diversity of forms over time。
jagadish chandra bose阅读理解
jagadish chandra bose阅读理解If you were to see the Great Banyan Tree in the Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden from a distance. you could be forgiven for mistaking it for a forest. Covering more than 14.493 square meters, the tree is the widest in the world. It is so large that it covers more ground than the average Wal-Mart.No one is quite sure exactly how old the Great Banyan Tree is due to the 1ack of official records, but experts guess that the tree is at least 250 years old. The earliest references to the tree have been found in travel writing dating from the 19th century. Over the years, the tree has gone through a lot. Not only has it survived two major disasters in 1864 and 1867; but its main trunk also caught a deadly disease. And because of the disease, the main trunk of the tree needed to be removed in 1925.Despite going through such a major surgery, the Great Banyan Tree proved resilient (能复原的).This is because of thousands of aerial roots(气生根) that grow from the tee's branches and go into the ground. And that is what gives the impression of a full forest ratherthan a single tree.Taking care of this 1arge tree is so difficult that it takes a 13-member team. Not only do they make sure the tree stays healthy. but they also“train" the roots to grow correctly.In Indian culture. banyan trees are among the most venerated. It is considered to be a sacred tree in various religions. For example, in Hinduism, it symbolizes longevity and represents the great God, Brahma. In Buddhism, banyan trees are also significant because it is believed that Buddha sat beneath one for 7 days.Want to see the Great Banyan Tree for yourself? The botanical garden is easily accessible by car or bus from the Kokata city center. As well as the Great Banyan Tree, you can also see a wide variety of plants from all around the world, making it an amazing journey.1、According to the article. the Great Banyan Tree_A. is the tllest tree in the worldB. is the widest tree in the worldC. is the strangest tree in the worldD. has the most branches in the world2、 What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. The tree is exactly 250 years old.B. The tree has survived many disasters.C. The government has detailed records of the tree.D. The tree was planted in another place in the 1920s.3、Which of the following best explains“venerated" in Paragraph 5?A. respected.B. recorded.C. reminded.D. relieved.4、 What is the passage mainly about?A. India's Great Banyan Tree.B. Places you can visit in India.C. A botanic garden in India.D. The protection of the Great Banyan Tree.。
2021年6月大学英语六级仔细阅读练习题附答案及解析(3)
2021年6月大学英语六级仔细阅读练习题附答案及解析(3)Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Caught in a squeeze between the health needs of aging populations on one hand and the financial crisis on the other, governments everywhere are looking for ways to slow the growth in health-care spending. Increasingly, they are looking to the generic-drugs (普通药物) industry as a savior. In November Japan's finance ministry issued a report complaining that the country's use of generics was less than a third of that in America or Britain. In the same month Canada's competition watchdog criticized the country's pharmacies for failing to pass on the savings made possible by the use of generic drugs. That greed, it reckoned, costs taxpayers nearly C$1 billion a year.Then on November 28th the European Commission issued the preliminary results of its year-long probe into drug giants in the European Union. The report reached a damning~, though provisional, conclusion: the drugs firms use a variety of unfair strategies to protect their expensive drugs by delayingthe entry of cheaper generic opponents. Though this initial report does not carry the force of law (a final report is due early next year), it has caused much controversy. Neelie Kroes, the EU's competition commissioner, says she is ready to take legal action if the evidence allows.One strategy the investigators criticize is the use of the "patent duster( 专利群)". A firm keen to defend its drug due to go off-patent may file dozens or hundreds of new patents, often of dubious merit, to confuse and terrify potential copycats and maintain its monopoly. An unnamed drugs firm once took out 1,300 patents across the EU on a single drug. The report also suggests that out-of-court settlements between makers of patented drags and generics firms may be a strategy used by the former to delay market entry by the latter.According to EU officials, such misdeeds -have delayed the arrival of generic competition and the accompanying savings. On average, rite report estimates, generics arrived seven months after a patented drug lost its protection, though where the drug was a big seller the lag was four months. The report says taxpayers paid about q 3 billion more than they would have-had the generics gone on sale immediately.But hang on a minute, Though many of the charges of badbehavior leveled at the patented-drugs industry by EU investigators may well be true, the report seems to let the generics industry off the hook(钩子) too lightly. After all, if the drugs giants stand accused, in effect, of bribing opponents to delay the launch of cheap generics, shouldn't the companies that accepted those "bribes" also share the blame?56. Why are governments around the world seeking ways to reduce their health-care spending?A) They consider the generic-drugs industry as a savior.B) They are under the double pressure of aging group and financial crisis.C) Health-care spending has accounted too large proportion.D) Health-care spending has cost taxpayers too much income.57. What can we learn from the report issued by the European Commission?A) Drug firm will use just ways to protect their drags.B) Cheaper generic drugs are easy to enter market,C) The report has come to an ultimate conclusion.D) The final report may lead to commissioner's legal action.58. The investigators seriously condemned the drug firms for__________.A) they do not let their opponents to resort to the cometB) they use clusters of patents to protect their productsC) they bribe the cheaper generic opponentsD) trey do not pass on the savings made by use of generic drugs59. On average, the genetics will be delayed to enter the market by __________.A) seven monthsB) three monthsC) four monthsD) eleven months60. Which of the following accords with the author's view?A) Charges on patented-drug industry are anything but true.B) Generics industry is a sheer victim in the competition.C) Only drug giants are to blame.D) Exclusion of generics industry from taking responsibility is questionable.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Yet with economies in free fail, managers also need up-to-date information about what is happening to their businesses, so that they can change course rapidly if necessary. Cisco, an American network-equipment giant, hasinvested over many years in the technology needed to generate such data .Frank Caideroni, the firm's CFO, says that every day its senior executives can track exactly what orders are coming in from sales teams around the world, and identify emerging trends in each region and market segment. And at the end of each month, the firm can get reliable financial results within four hours of closing its books. Most firms have to wait days or even weeks for such certainty.Admittedly, Cisco's financial results have not made happy reading recently because, in common with many other large technology companies, it has seen demand for its products decline in the downturn. In early February it announced that its fiscal second-quarter revenues of $ 9.1 billion were 7.5% lower than the same period in 2021 and that its profit had fallen by 27%, to $1.5 billion.In response to hard times, Cisco plans to cut $1 billion of costs this year by, among other things, making use of its own video-conferencing and other communications technologies to reduce the amount its executives travel. It is also using these facilities to relay information from employees on the ground to its senior managers, and to get instructions from Cisco's leaders back out to its 67,000 staff. A rapid exchangeof information and instructions is especially valuable if the company wants to alter course in stormy times.If everybody in a company can rapidly grasp what they have to do and how it is changing, they are more likely to get the job done. But some firms are reluctant to share their goals with the wider world. Unilever, a big Anglo-Dutch consumer-goods group, has decided against issuing a 2021 financial forecast to investors, arguing that it is difficult to predict what is going to happen, given the dangerous state of the world economy. "We're not just going to provide numbers for the sake of it," explains James Allison, the company's head of investor relations. Other companies that have decided not to provide annual earnings estimates for 2021 include Costco, a big American retailer, and Union Pacific, an American railway company.Some firms, such as Intel, seem to have chosen to take things quarter by quarter. The giant chipmaker(芯片制造商) said in January that it would not issue an official forecast for the first quarter of 2021 after its fourth-quarter 2021 profit decreased by 90%. Several retail chains have also stopped providing monthly sales estimates because they cannot see what the future holds. Retailers, chipmakers and firms inmany other industries may have a long wait before the economic fog finally lifts.61. What can we learn about Cisco from the passage?A) It will keep a record of the orders from sales teams.B) It cuts $1 billion cost by solely relying on its own technologies.C) Unlike other technology companies, its financial reports are encouraging.D) Only employees can use the video-conferencing to pass information.62. According to the author, the staff can perform better by__________.A) getting instructions from their senior managersB) seizing what to do at hand and what to do nextC) having a financial forecast as a goalD) sharing their goals with others63. What is important in the unstable time ff a company wants to change strategies?A) To issue company's financial reports faster.B) To obtain the up-to-date information of company's business.C) To predict what is going to happen in the future.D) To wait until the economic fog finally lifts.64. The reason Unilever plans not to issue financial forecast in 2021 lies in__________.A) its reluctance to share its goal with othersB) its rapid grasp of changes in the marketsC) the unstable economic situationD) its reduction in the cost of prediction65. What can we know about the giant chipmaker, Intel in the passage?A) It did not issue first-quarter forecast for great decrease in January.B) Inters chain store used to report sales estimates by year.C) Only retailers and chipmakers are greatly influenced.D) Intel's profit was greatly decreased in 2021's last quarter.答案解析：56．B)。
化学及化工专业词汇英语翻译
化学及化工专业词汇英语翻译18 electron rule 18 电子则abbe refractometer 阿贝折射计abbreviated analysis 简略分析abderhalden's dryer 阿布德尔哈尔登干燥器abderhalden's reaction 阿布德尔哈尔登反应abegg's rule 阿贝格规则abel closed tester 阿贝尔氏密闭实验机abel pensky tester 阿贝尔彭斯基试验器abel tester 阿贝尔试验器abelite 阿贝立特aberration 像差abies oil 松节油abietate 松香酯abietic acid 松香酸abietin 松香素abiochemistry 无生化学;无机化学ablation 消融ablution 洗净abnormal setting 反常凝结abnormality 反常abradant 磨料abrader 磨损试验机abrasion 磨耗abrasion loss 磨损量abrasion resistance 耐磨能力abrasion test 磨耗试验abrasion testing machine 磨损试验机abrasive 磨料abrasive grain 磨料颗粒abrasive industry 磨料工业abrasive paper 砂纸abrasiveness 磨损性abrasives 研磨剂abs resin abs 尸abs resins abs尸abscisic acid 阿伯喂酸absinthe oil 洋艾油absolute activity 绝对活性度absolute alcohol 无水酒精absolute calibration 绝对校准absolute configuration 绝对构型absolute dry condition 绝对干燥状态absolute dry weight 绝对干重absolute error 绝对误差absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute measurement 绝对测量absolute reaction rate 绝对反应速度absolute sensitivity 绝对灵敏度absolute specific gravity 真比重absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute unit 绝对单位absolute value 绝对值absolute viscosity 绝对粘度absolute zero 绝对零度absorbability 吸收性absorbance 吸光度absorbed dose 吸收线量absorbent 吸收剂absorbent paper 吸收纸absorber 吸收器吸收体absorbing power 吸收能力absorptiometer 吸光测定计absorptiometric analysis 吸光分析absorptiometry 吸收分光光度法absorption 吸收absorption band 吸收带absorption cell 吸收池absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption column 吸收塔absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption edge 吸收端absorption factor 吸收因子absorption heat 吸收热absorption intensity 吸收强度absorption line 吸收线absorption maximum 最大吸收absorption method 吸收法absorption oil 吸收油absorption pipet 吸收管absorption refrigerator 吸收式冷冻器absorption spectrophotometry 吸收分光光度法absorption spectrum 吸收光谱absorption tower 吸收塔absorption tube 吸收管absorptive power 吸收能力absorptivity 吸收率abukumalite 钇硅磷灰石abysmal deposit 深海沉积物abyssal deposit 深海沉积物ac polarography 交莲谱法acacia 阿拉伯屎acaricide 杀螨剂acaroid resin 禾木尸accelerant 促进剂accelerated aging 加速老化accelerated aging test 加速老化试验accelerated weathering test 加速风化试验accelerating agent 促进剂acceleration globulin 促凝血球蛋白acceleration of gravity 重力加速度accelerator 促进剂acceptor 接受体accessory constituent 副成分accetyl value number 乙酰值accidental error 偶然误差acclimatization 驯化accommodation 适应accommodation coeffieient 适应系数accumulator 蓄电池accumulator acid 蓄电池酸液accuracy 准确度acenaphthene 威杀灵acenaphthene quinone 苊醌acenaphthenone 二氢苊酮acenaphthylene 萘嵌戊烯acenocoumarol 苊香豆醇acephate 乙酰甲胺磷acetal 乙缩醛acetal phosphatide 缩醛磷脂acetal resin 缩醛尸acetaldehydase 乙醛酶acetaldehyde 乙醛acetaldehyde ammonia 乙醛合氨acetaldehyde reductase 醇脱氢酶acetaldol 3 羟基丁醛acetaldoxime 乙醛肟acetamide 乙酰胺acetamidine 乙脒acetanilide 乙酰苯胺acetarsol 乙酰胂胺acetate 醋酸盐acetate dye 醋酸染料acetate fiber 醋酸纤维acetate film 醋酸纤维胶片acetate rayon 醋酸丝acetazolamide 乙酰唑胺acetic acid 醋酸acetic acid fermentation 乙酸发酵acetic acid glacial 冰醋酸acetic aldehyde 乙醛acetic anhydride 醋酐acetic bacteria 醋酸菌acetic ester 醋酸酯acetification 醋化酌acetimeter 醋酸计acetine 醋精acetoacetanilide 乙酰乙酰替苯胺acetoacetate 乙酰醋酸盐acetoacetic acid 乙酰醋酸acetoin 醋偶姻acetol 丙酮醇acetolactic acid 乙酰乳酸acetolysis 乙酸水解acetomeroctol 醋汞辛酚acetometry 醋酸测定法acetone 丙酮acetone alcohol 丙酮醇acetone body 酮体acetone butanol fermentation 丙酮丁醇发酵acetone chloroform 三氯叔丁醇acetone cyanhydrin 丙酮合氰化氢acetone dicarboxylic acid 丙酮二羧酸acetone fermentation 丙酮发酵acetone sugar 丙酮糖acetonic acid 醋酮酸acetonitrile 乙腈acetonyl acetone 丙酮基丙酮acetophenetidin n 乙酰乙氧基苯胺acetophenone 苯乙酮acetopurpurin 乙酰替红紫acetoxime 丙酮肟acetoxyl group 乙酰氧基acetoxylation 乙酸化aceturic acid 乙酰甘氨酸acetyl bromide 乙酰溴acetyl chloride 乙酰氯acetyl hydroperoxide 过乙酸acetyl iodide 碘化乙酰acetyl ketene 二酮acetyl peroxide 过氧化乙酰acetyl propionyl 乙酰丙酰acetyl value 乙酰值acetylacetone 乙酰丙酮acetylase 乙酰酯酶acetylating agent 乙酰剂acetylation 乙酰化acetylbenzoyl peroxide 乙酰过氧化苯甲酰acetylcellulose 乙酰纤维素acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱acetylene 乙炔acetylene black 乙炔炭黑acetylene burner 乙炔燃烧器acetylene chemistry 乙炔化学acetylene chloride 乙炔基氯acetylene complex 乙炔络合物acetylene generator 乙炔发生器acetylene linkage 炔键acetylene polymer 乙炔聚合物acetylene tetrachloride 四氯乙炔acetylene welding 气焊acetylenic hydrocarbon 乙炔属烃类acetylide 乙炔化合物acetylisoeugenol 乙酰异丁子香酚acetylphenylhydrazine 乙酰苯肼acetylsalicylic acid 乙酰水杨酸acetylurea 乙酰脲achirality 非手胀achroite 无色电气石achromatic lens 消色差透镜aci form 针形acicular crystal 针状结晶acid 酸acid acceptor 受酸体acid albumin 酸蛋白acid alizarine 酸性茜素acid amide 酸胺acid ammonium sulfate 硫酸氢铵acid ammonium tartrate 酒石酸氢铵acid anhydride 酸酐acid azid 酰基叠acid azo dye 酸性偶氮染料acid base catalysis 酸碱催化acid base equilibrium 酸碱平衡acid base indicator 酸碱指示剂acid base pair 酸碱对acid base titration 酸碱滴定acid bath 酸浴acid black 酸性黑acid carbonate 酸性碳酸盐l acid 醇酸alcohol dehydrogenase 醇脱氢酶alcohol fuel 酒精燃料alcohol lamp 酒精灯alcohol of crystallization 结晶醇alcohol thermometer 酒精温度计alcohol varnish 醇溶清漆alcoholase 醇酶alcoholate 烃氧基金属alcoholic compound 醇化合物alcoholic extract 酒精提出物alcoholic fermentation 酒精发酵alcoholic potash 钾碱醇液alcoholic solution 醇溶液alcoholism 酒中毒alcoholmeter 酒精比重计alcoholometry 酒精测定alcoholysis 醇解alcosol 醇溶胶alcoxyl 烷氧aldehyde 醛aldehyde acid 醛酸aldehyde alcohol 醛醇aldehyde ammonia 醛氨aldehyde dehydrogenase 醛脱氢酶aldehyde resin 聚醛尸aldimine 亚胺醛aldoheptose 庚醛糖aldohexose 乙醛糖aldoketene 醛烯酮aldol 羟醛aldol condensation 醛醇缩合aldol reaction 醇醛缩合反应aldolase 醛缩酶aldolization 缩醛反应aldonic acid 醛糖酸aldopentose 戊醛糖aldose 醛糖aldosterone 醛甾酮aldotriose 丙醛糖aldox process 羰醇法aldoxime 醛肟aldrin 艾氏剂alexandrite 翠绿宝石alfin catalyst 阿尔芬催化剂alfin polymer 阿尔芬聚合物alfin polymerization 阿尔芬聚合algae 藻类algin 藻酸alginate 藻蛋白酸盐alginate fiber 藻酸纤维alginic acid 海藻酸algol blue 阿果蓝algol color 阿果染料algorithm 算法alicyclic 脂环族的alicyclic compound 脂环化合物aliesterase 脂族酯酶aliphatic 无环的aliphatic acid 脂族酸aliphatic alcohol 脂族醇aliphatic amine 脂族胺aliphatic base 脂族碱aliphatic compound 脂族化合物aliphatic ether 脂族醚aliphatic hydrocarbon 脂族烃aliphatic series 脂族系aliphatic unsaturated carboxylic acid 脂族不饱羧酸alite 阿里特alizarin 茜素alizarin blue 茜素蓝alizarin brown 茜素棕alizarin dye 茜素染料alizarin lake 茜素色淀alizarin yellow 茜黄alizarine 茜素alkali 碱alkali blue 碱性蓝alkali cellulose 碱纤维素alkali fusion 碱熔融alkali ion diode 碱离子二极管alkali lignin 碱木素alkali liquor 碱液alkali metal 碱金属alkali resistance 耐碱性alkali rock 碱性岩alkali salt 碱金属盐alkalimeter 碱量计alkalimetry 碱量滴定法alkaline accumulator 减蓄电池alkaline bath 碱浴alkaline cell 碱性电池alkaline cleaner 碱性清洗剂alkaline earth metal 碱土金属alkaline earths 碱土族alkaline hydrolysis 加碱水解alkaline reaction 碱性反应alkaline solution 碱性溶液alkaline storage battery 减蓄电池alkalinity 碱度alkalization 碱化alkaloid 生物碱alkaloid reagent 生物碱试剂alkalosis 碱中毒alkamine 氨基醇类alkane 链烷alkannin 紫草素alkanolamine 烷烃醇胺alkansulfonic acid 链烷磺酸alkene 烯烃alkine 链炔alkyd paint 醇酸涂料alkyd resin 醇酸尸alkyd resin varnish 醇酸清漆alkyl 烷基alkyl cellulose 烷基纤维素alkyl cyanide 烷基氰alkyl group 烷基alkyl halide 烷基卤alkyl sulfate 烷基硫酸盐alkyl sulfide 烷基硫alkyl sulfonic acid 烷基磺酸alkylarsine 烷基胂alkylarsonic acid 烷基胂酸alkylate 烷基化产物alkylating agent 烷化剂alkylation 烷基化alkylbenzene 烷基苯alkylbenzene sulfonate 烷基苯磺酸盐alkylene 烷撑alkylidene 次烷基alkylmagnesium halide 烷基镁化卤alkylnaphthalene 烷基萘alkyne 炔烃alkynol 炔醇allanite 褐帘石allantoic acid 尿囊酸allantoinase 尿囊素酶allantoxanic acid 尿囊毒酸allanturic acid 尿囊脲酸allelochemical 变异化学的allelochemistry 变异化学allene 丙二烯allergy 过敏反应allethrin 丙烯拟除虫菊酯allicin 蒜辣素alligator pear oil 鳄梨油allobarbital 二烯丙巴比妥allochromatic crystal 羼质色晶体allocinnamic acid 别肉桂酸alloisomerism 立体异构现象allomerism 异质同晶allophane水铝英石allophanic acid 脲基甲酸alloprene 阿洛波林allopurinol 别嘌呤醇allose 阿洛糖allosteric effect 别构效应allosteric enzyme 变构酶allosteric transition 变构转变allostery 变构性allothreonine 别苏氨酸allotrope 同素异形体allotropism 同素异形allotropy 同素异形allowable error 容许误差allowed transition 容许跃迁alloxan 阿脲alloxanic acid 阿脲酸alloxazine 咯嗪alloy 合金alloy analysis 合金分析alloy steel 合金钢allulose 阿卢糖alluvial gold 砂金allyl acetate 醋酸丙烯酯allyl alcohol 烯丙醇allyl amine 烯丙胺allyl bromide 烯丙基溴allyl chloride 烯丙基氯allyl complex 烯丙基络合物allyl compound 烯丙基化合物allyl cyanide 烯丙基腈allyl iodide 烯丙基碘allyl isothiocyanate 异硫氰酸烯丙酯allyl mercaptan 烯丙硫醇allyl resin 烯丙尸allyl sulfide 烯丙基硫allylene 丙炔allylic rearrangement 烯丙重排allylmustard oil 烯丙基芥子油allylthiourea 烯丙基硫脲almandine 铁铝榴石almandite 铁铝榴石almond oil 扁桃仁油aloe 芦荟aloin 芦荟素alpha brass 黄铜alpha cellulose 纤维素alpha counter 粒子计数器alpha iron 铁alpha naphthol 萘酚alpha position 位alpha ray spectrometer 射线能谱仪alpha rays 射线alstonine 鸡骨常山碱alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃alternating copolymer 交替共聚物alternating current 交流alternating current polarography 交莲谱alternation 交替altimeter 测高仪altitude 高度altrose 阿卓糖alum 茂alumel 镍基锰合金alumina 氧化铝alumina brick 矾土砖alumina bubble brick 泡沫矾土砖alumina cement 矾土水泥alumina fiber 氧化铝纤维alumina gel 铝凝胶alumina silica refractory 硅酸铝耐火材料aluminate 铝酸盐aluminium 铝aluminium acetate 乙酸铝aluminium alloy 铝合金aluminium ammonium sulfate 硫酸铝铵aluminium boride 硼化铝aluminium bromide 溴化铝aluminium bronze 铝青铜合金aluminium carbide 碳化铝aluminium chlorate 氯酸铝aluminium chloride 氯化铝aluminium ethylate 乙醇铝aluminium fluoride 氟化铝aluminium foil 铝箔aluminium hydroxide 氢氧化铝aluminium nitrate 硝酸铝aluminium oleate 油酸铝aluminium oxide 氧化铝aluminium plate 铝板aluminium potassium sulfate 硫酸铝钾aluminium powder 铝粉aluminium resinate 尸酸铝aluminium silicate 硅酸铝aluminium sulfate 硫酸铝aluminon 铝试剂aluminosilicate 硅铝酸盐aluminothermit process 铝热法aluminothermy 铝热法aluminum 铝alumite 茂石alumstone 茂石alundum 刚铝石alunite 茂石amalgam 汞齐amalgam cell 汞齐电池amalgam electrode 汞齐电极amalgamation 汞齐化amalgamation process 汞齐化过程amanitin 鹅膏菌素amaranth 蓝光酸性红amatol 阿马图amber 琥珀amber glass 琥珀玻璃amberite 琥珀炸药americium 镅americyl ion 镅酰离子amethopterin 氨甲喋呤amicron 次微粒amidase 酰胺酶素amidation 酰胺化amide 酰胺amide chloride 二氯代酰胺amidine 脒amidine hydrochloride 盐酸脒amidohydrolase 氨基水解酶amidone 美沙酮amination 胺化amine 胺amine formaldehyde 胺甲醛amine oxidase 胺氧化酶amino acid 氨基酸amino acid sequence 氨基酸顺序amino compound 氨基化合物amino nitrogen 氨基氮amino plastic resin 氨基塑料尸amino resins 氨基尸amino sugar 氨基糖amino terminal 氨基末端aminoacetaldehyde 氨基乙醛aminoacetone 氨基丙酮aminoalcohol 氨基醇aminobenzoic acid 氨基苯甲酸aminobutyric acid 氨基丁酸aminocaproic acid 氨基己酸aminodiborane 氨基乙硼烷aminoglutaric acid 氨基戊二酸aminoglycoside antibiotics 氨基糖苷类抗生物素aminogram 氨基图aminoisovaleric acid 氨基异戊酸aminolysis 氨基分解aminonaphthol 氨基萘酚aminonaphthol sulfonic acid 氨基萘磺酸aminopeptidase 氨基胜胨酵素aminophenol 氨基苯酚aminophenylarsonic acid 氨基苯胂酸aminophosphorylase 淀粉磷酸化酶aminophylline 氨苯碱aminopolypeptidase 氨基多胜酵素aminoprotease 氨蛋白酶aminopterin 氨基蝶呤aminopyridine 氨基吡啶aminopyrin 氨基吡啉aminoquinoline 氨基喹啉aminosalicylic acid 氨基水杨酸aminosuccinic acid 氨基琥珀酸aminosulfonic acid 氨基磺酸aminotoluene 氨基甲苯ammeter 电另ammonia 氨ammonia compressor 氨气压缩机ammonia gas 氨气ammonia poisoning 氨中毒ammonia still 氨气塔ammonia synthesis 氨合成ammonia water 氨水ammoniacal brine 氨盐水ammoniacal fermentation 氨发酵ammoniacal latex 氨胶乳ammoniameter 氨量计ammoniasoda process 氨碱法ammoniated superphosphate 含铵过磷酸钙ammoniator 氨化器ammoniometry 氨量测定法ammonite 阿芒炸药ammonium 铵ammonium acetate 乙酸铵ammonium alum 铵茂ammonium benzoate 安息香酸铵ammonium bifluoride 氟化氢铵ammonium borate 硼酸铵ammonium carbamate 氨基甲酸铵ammonium carbonate 碳酸铵ammonium chloride 氯化铵ammonium chromate 铬酸铵ammonium cyanate 氰酸铵ammonium dichromate 重铬酸铵ammonium fluoride 氟化铵ammonium formate 甲酸铵ammonium hydrogen carbonate 碳酸氢铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵ammonium iodate 碘酸铵ammonium iron sulfate 硫酸铁铵ammonium metavanadate 偏钒酸铵ammonium molybdate 钼酸铵ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵ammonium nitrate explosive 硝铵炸药ammonium nitrate fertilizer 硝铵肥料ammonium oxalate 草酸铵ammonium perchlorate 高氯酸铵ammonium persulfate 过硫酸铵ammonium phosphate 磷酸铵ammonium phosphite 亚磷酸铵ammonium phosphomolybdate 磷钼酸铵ammonium picrate 苦味酸铵ammonium polysulfide 多硫化铵ammonium rhodanide 硫氰酸铵ammonium salt 铵盐ammonium selenate 硒酸铵ammonium stearate 硬脂酸铵ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵ammonium sulfite 亚硫酸铵ammonium thiocyanate 硫氰酸铵ammonium thiosulfate 硫代硫酸铵ammonium uranate 铀酸铵ammonium vanadate 钒酸铵ammonobase 氨基金属ammonolysis 氨解ammophos 安福粉amobarbital 戊巴比妥amodiaquine 阿莫待喹amorphism 无定形amorphous carbon 无定形碳amorphous graphite 无定型石墨amorphous material 无定形材料amorphous metal 无定形金属amorphous phosphorus 无定形磷amorphous polymer 非晶态聚合物amorphous state 无定形状态amorphous sulfur 无定形硫ampere 安amperemeter 电另amperometric titration 电廖定amperometry 电廖定amphetamine 苯异丙胺amphibole 闪石amphipathic molecule 两亲水脂分子amphiphilic molecule 两亲水脂分子ampholyte 两性电解质ampholytic active agent 两性表面活性剂ampholytic surfactant 两性表面活性剂ampholytoid 两性胶体amphoteric 两性的amphoteric character 两性特征amphoteric colloid 两性胶体amphoteric compound 两性化合物amphoteric ion 两性离子amphoteric oxide 两性氧化物amphoteric resin 两性尸amphotericeledrolyte 两性电解质amplifier 放大器ampule 安瓿amygdalin 扁桃苷amyl 戊基amyl acetate 醋酸戊酯amyl alcohol 戊醇amyl bromide 戊基溴amyl butyrate 丁酸戊酯amyl ether 戊醚amyl formate 甲酸戊酯amyl mercaptan 戊硫醇amyl nitrite 亚硝酸戊酯amyl oleate 油酸戊酯amyl propionate 丙酸戊酯amylamine 戊胺amylase 淀粉酶amylbenzene 戊基苯amylene 戊烯amylo process 淀粉发酵法amylodextrin 淀粉糊精amyloid 淀粉状朊amylolysis 淀粉分解amylopectin 支链淀粉amylopsin 胰淀粉酶amylose 直链淀粉amytal 戊巴比妥anabasine 安纳巴松anabolism 同化酌anaerobe 厌氧微生物anaerobic glycolysis 无氧糖酵解analcime 方沸石analgesic 镇痛药analog digital conversion 模拟数字转换analog signal 模拟信号analogue 类似analogue computer 模拟计算机analysis 分析analysis line 分析线analysis with ion selective electrodes 离子选择电极分析法analyte 分析物analytic function 解析函数analytical balance 分析天平analytical chemistry 分析化学analytical extraction 分析抽出analytical method 分析法analytical reaction 分析反应analytically pure 分析纯anapaite 斜磷钙铁矿anaphoresis 阴离子电泳anatase octahedrite 锐钛矿anchor agitator 锚式搅拌器anchor stirrer 锚式搅拌器andalusite 红柱石andesite 安山岩andreasen pipet 安德烈森型吸管androsin 雄素androstane 雄烷androstendione 雄烯二酮androsterone 雄酮andrussow process 安德卢梭法anelasticity 滞弹性anemometer 风速计anemonin 白头翁脑aneroid barometer 空盒气压计anesthesin 氨基苯甲酸乙酯anesthetic 麻醉剂anethole 茴香脑aneurin 硫胺素angelica lactone 当归内酯angelica oil 当归油angiotensin 血管紧张肽angle of polarization 偏振光角angle of refraction 折射角angle of repose 休止角anglesite 硫酸铅矿angstrom 埃angular momentum 角动量anhalonine 老头掌碱anhydride 酐anhydrite 硬石膏anhydrone 无水高氯酸镁anhydrous 无水的anhydrous acid 无水酸anhydrous alcohol 无水酒精anhydrous ammonia 无水氨anhydrous salt 无水盐anileridine 氨苄哌替啶anilide 酰替苯胺aniline 苯胺aniline black 苯胺黑aniline blue 苯胺蓝aniline dye 苯胺染料aniline formaldehyde resin 苯胺甲醛尸aniline hydrochloride 盐酸苯胺aniline point 苯胺点aniline red 苯胺红aniline resin 苯胺尸aniline yellow 苯胺黄anilol 酒精苯胺混合液animal biochemistry 动物生化学animal charcoal 骨炭animal chemistry 动物化学animal dye 动物染料animal fat 动物脂animal fiber 动物纤维animal glue 动物胶animal oil 动物油anime 硬尸anion 阴离子anion active agent 阴离子表面活性剂anion exchange 阴离子交换anion exchange resin 阴离子交换尸anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂anionic polymerization 阴离子聚合anionic surfactant 阴离子表面活性剂anionoid reagent 类阴离子试剂anionotropy 阴离子移变现象anisaldehyde 茴香醛anise oil 茴香油anisic acid 茴香酸anisic alcohol 茴香醇anisidine 茴香胺anisole 茴香醚anisometric crystal 不等轴晶体anisotropic body 蛤异性体anisotropic liquid 蛤异性液体anisotropic membrane 蛤异性膜anisotropy 蛤异性anisoyl chloride 茴香酰氯anisyl acetate 醋酸茴香酯anisyl alcohol 茴香醇ankerite 铁白云石annabergite 镍华annealing 退火annealing furnace 退火窑annealing temperature 退火温度annulene 环轮烯anode 阳极anode effect 阳极效应anode process 阳极过程anode slime 阳极淀渣anodic oxidation 阳极氧化anodic polarization 阳极极化anodic reaction 阳极反应anodization 阳极化anodizing 阳极化anolyte 阳极电解液anomalous dispersion 异常弥散anomalous magnetic moment 异常磁矩anomalous skin effect 反常囚效应anomer 异头物anone 环己酮anorthoclase 钠斜微长石antagonism 拮抗酌antazoline 安他唑啉anthelmintics 驱肠虫剂anthocyan 花青素anthocyanidin 花色素anthocyanin 花色素苷anthophyllite 直闪石anthracene 蒽anthracene oil 蒽油anthracite 无烟煤anthracite duff 无烟煤粉anthralin 蒽啉anthranil 氨茴内酐anthranilate 邻氨基苯甲酸盐anthranilic acid 邻氨基苯酸anthranol 蒽酚anthranone 蒽酮anthrapurpurin 蒽红紫anthraquinone 蒽醌anthraquinone dye 蒽醌染料anthrarufin 蒽绛酚anthraxylon 结焦素anthrone 蒽酮anti allergic drug 抗过敏性药anti fouling paint 防污涂料anti tack agent 防粘剂antiacid 解酸药antiacid additive 抗酸添加剂antiager 抗老剂antiaromaticity 反芳香性antibiosis 抗生antibiotics 抗生物质antibody 抗体antibonding orbital 反键轨道anticarcinogen 抗癌物anticatalyst 抗催化剂anticathode 对阴极antichlor 脱氯剂anticholinesterase 抗胆碱酯酶剂anticoagulant 抗凝剂anticoagulating action 阻凝酌anticonvulsant 镇痉剂anticorrosion 抗腐蚀anticorrosive agent 防腐蚀剂anticorrosive paint 防腐涂料antidetonant 抗爆剂antidote 解毒剂antienzyme 抗酶antifertilizin 抗受精介体antifibrinolysin 抗纤维蛋白酶antifoamer 抗泡剂antifoaming agent 抗泡剂antifouling paint 防污漆antifreezing agent 阻冻剂antigen 抗原antihistamine 抗组胺剂antihistaminic agent 抗组胺剂antiknock agent 抗爆剂antiknock gasoline 抗爆汽油antiknocking fuel 抗爆燃料antimetabolite 抗代谢物antimonate 锑酸盐antimonial lead 锑铅antimonic acid anhydride 锑酸酐antimonide 锑化物antimonite 亚锑酸盐antimony 锑antimony chloride 氯化锑antimony electrode 锑电极antimony hydride 氢化锑antimony oxide 氧化锑antimony pentachloride 五氯化锑antimony potassium tartrate 酒石酸锑钾antimony red 锑红antimony sulfate 硫酸锑antimony sulfide 硫化锑antimony trisulfide 三硫化二锑antimony vermillon 锑朱antimony white 锑白antineuralgic 治神经痛药antinucleon 反核子antioxidant 抗氧化剂antiozonant 抗臭氧剂antiparticle 反粒子antipode 对映体antiproton 反质子antipyretic and analgesic 解热镇痛药antipyrine 安替吡啉antiscorbutic vitamin 抗坏血病维生素antiscorcher 防焦剂antiscorching agent 防焦剂antisepsis 防腐antiseptics 防腐剂antispasmodic 镇痉剂antistat 抗静电剂antistatic agent 抗静电剂antitermination factor 抗终止因素antithrombin 抗凝血酶antitoxin 抗毒素antivitamin 抗维生素apatite 磷灰石aphthitalite 硫酸钾石apiin 芹实苷apiose 洋芹糖aplysiopurpurin 海螺紫apocodeine 阿朴可特因apoenzyme 酶朊apoferritin 脱铁铁蛋白apomorphine 阿朴吗啡apoprotein 脱辅基蛋白apozymase 酒化酶原apparatus 装置apparent activation energy 表观活化能apparent density 表观密度apparent equilibrium 表观平衡apparent specific gravity 表观比重apparent viscosity 表观粘度applied chemistry 应用化学applied thermodynamics 应用热力学approximate calculation 近似计算approximate value 近似值aprotic solvent 非质子溶剂aqua ion 水合离子aqua regia 王水aquagel 水凝胶aquametry 测水法aqueous emulsion 水乳状液aqueous medium 水介质aqueous phase 水相aqueous solution 水溶液aqueous vapor 水蒸汽arabic acid 阿糖酸arabic gum 阿拉伯胶arabinose 阿拉伯糖arabitol 阿糖醇arabonic acid 阿糖酸arachic acid 花生酸arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸arachis oil 花生油aragonite 霰石aralkyl 芳烷arbutin 熊果苷arc furnace 电弧炉arc process 电弧法arc spectrum 弧光谱arch brick 拱砖archeochemistry 考古化学arecoline 槟榔素areometer 比重计areometry 比重测定法argentite 辉银矿argentometry 银量滴定argillaceous sand 粘质砂土argillite 泥质板岩arginase 精氨酸酶arginine 精氨酸argol 粗酒石argon 氩aristolochic acid 马兜铃酸arnicin 由金车苦素aroma 香味aromatic acid 芳族酸aromatic aldehyde 芳族醛aromatic amine 芳香胺aromatic compound 芳族化合物aromatic hydrocarbon 芳香烃aromatic nucleus 芳香环aromatic series 芳香系aromaticity 芳香度aromatization 芳香化aromatization reaction 芳香化反应aroylation 芳酰基化arrhenius equation 阿雷尼厄斯方程arsanilic acid 阿散酸arsenate 砷酸盐arsenazo i 偶氮胂arsenblende 雄黄arsenic 砷arsenic acid 砷酸arsenic butter 三氯化砷arsenic glass 砷玻璃arsenic hydride 砷化三氢arsenic mirror 砷镜arsenic sulfide 硫化砷arsenic trichloride 三氯化砷arsenic trioxide 三氧化二砷arsenic trisulfide 三硫化二砷arsenide 砷化物arsenite 亚砷酸盐arseno compound 偶砷化合物arsenobenzene 偶砷苯arsenometry 亚砷酸滴定法arsenopyrite 砷黄铁矿arsenous anhydride 亚砷酸酐arsine 胂arsonic acid 胂酸arsonium 氢化砷arsonium compound 胂化合物arsphenamine 胂凡纳明art glass 艺术玻璃art paper 加工印刷纸artemisin 蒿属素arthropodin 节肢蛋白artiad 偶价元素artificial abrasive 人造磨料artificial aging 人工老化artificial almond oil 人造扁桃油artificial asphalt 人造地沥青artificial atmospher 人工气氛artificial butter 人造奶油artificial camphor 人造樟脑artificial corundum 人造金刚砂artificial diamond 人造金刚石artificial dye 人造染料artificial fertilizer 人造肥料artificial fiber 人造纤维artificial intelligence 人工智能artificial lattice 人工晶格artificial leather 人造革artificial musk 人造香artificial perfume 人造香料artificial radioactivity 人工放射性artificial resin 人造尸artificial rubber 人造橡胶artificial silk 人造丝artificial stone 人造石aryl compound 芳基化合物aryl halide 芳基卤arylamine 芳基胺arylation 芳基化arylide 芳基化物aryloxy compound 芳氧基化合物arylsulphonate 芳基磺酸盐asarin 细辛脑asarone 细辛脑asbestine 滑石棉asbestos 石棉asbestos board 石棉纸板asbestos cement 石棉水泥asbestos cloth 石棉布asbestos felt 石棉毛毯asbestos fiber 石棉纤维asbestos filter 石棉滤器asbestos insulation 石棉绝热体asbestos paper 石棉纸asbestos powder 石棉粉asbestos slate 石棉板asbestos wire gauze 石棉衬网asbestos yarn 石棉丝asbolane 钴土矿asbolite 钴土矿ascaridol 驱蛔脑ascending method 上行法ascorbic acid 抗坏血酸asepsis 防腐ash 灰ash bath 灰浴ash collector 除尘器ash content 灰分含量ash ejector 灰喷射器ash pit door 灰坑门ash softening point 灰熔温度ashing 灰化ashless filter paper 无灰滤纸asparaginase 天门冬酰胺酶asparagine 天门冬酰胺aspartase 天门冬氨酸酶aspartate 天冬氨酸盐aspartic acid 天冬氨酸aspartokinase 天冬氨酸激酶aspartyl phosphate 天冬氨酰磷酸aspergillic acid 曲霉酸asphalt 沥青asphalt cement 沥青膏asphalt emulsion 地沥青乳液asphalt mastic 地沥青砂胶asphalt varnish 沥青油漆asphaltene 沥青烯asphaltic road oil 沥青质铺路油asphaltogenic acid 沥青酸asphaltous acid 沥青酸asphyxia 窒息asphyxiant 窒息剂asphyxy 窒息aspirator 吸气器aspirin 阿司匹林assay 试金assay balance 试金天平assay flask 试验瓶assayer's tongs 试金钳assili cotton 阿嘻棉assimilation 同化assimilation starch 同化淀粉assistant 助剂associated liquid 缔合液体association 缔合assortment 分类astacin 虾红素astatine 砹astaxanthin 虾青素astringency 收敛性astringent 收敛剂astrochemical 天体化学的astrochemist 天体化学家astrochemistry 天体化学astrogeochemical 天体地球化学的astrogeochemistry 天体地球化学asymmetric atom 不对称原子asymmetric carbon atom 不对称碳原子asymmetric oxidation 不对称氧化asymmetric structure 不对称结构asymmetric synthesis 不对称合成asymmetric system 不对称系asymmetry 不对称asymptotic freedom 渐近自由性atactic 无规立构的atactic polymer 无规聚合物atebrine 疟涤平atmolysis 微孔分气法atmosphere 大气atmospheric air 大气空气atmospheric corrosion 大气腐蚀atmospheric nitrogen 大气氮atmospheric pressure 大气压atom 原子atomic absorption spectrometry原子吸收分光光度法atomic arrangement 原子排列atomic battery 原子电池atomic beam 原子束atomic bomb 原子弹atomic bond 原子键atomic charge 原子电荷atomic clock 原子钟atomic core 原子核atomic dispersion 原子分散atomic energy 原子能atomic fluorescence spectrometry 原子荧光光谱法atomic form factor 原子散射因子atomic group 原子团atomic heat 原子热atomic hydrogen 原子氢atomic hydrogen welding 原子氢焊接atomic hypothesis 原子假说atomic lattice 原子晶格atomic magnetism 原子磁性atomic mass 原子质量atomic mass unit 原子质量单位atomic model 原子模型atomic molecular theory 原子分子论atomic nucleus 原子核atomic number 原子序atomic orbital 原子轨道atomic polarization 原子极化atomic properties 原子特性atomic radius 原子半径atomic refraction 原子折射atomic scattering factor 原子散射因子atomic spectrum 原子光谱atomic structure 原子结构atomic susceptibility 原子磁化率atomic symbol 原子符号atomic theory 原子论atomic unit 原子单位atomic volume 原子体积atomic weight 原子量atomicity 原子数atomism 原子论atomistics 原子论atomization 喷雾atomizer 喷雾器atophan 阿托方atrazine 阿特拉津atropic acid 阿托酸atropine 阿托品atropine sulfate 硫酸阿托品atropisomer 阿托异构体attachment 附件attrition 磨损aufbau principle 构造原理augmentation distance 扩增距离auramine 金胺aurantia 金橙黄aurantin 橙色菌素aurate 金酸盐aureomycin 金霉素aureusidin 金色草素auric acid 金酸auric compound 正金化合物auric oxide 氧化金auric salt 正金盐aurin 金精aurin tricarboxylic acid 铝试剂auripigment 雄黄aurothioglucose 金硫葡萄糖aurous chloride 氯化亚金aurous compound 亚金化合物aurous oxide 氧化亚金aurous salt 亚金盐austenite 奥氏体auto condensation 自动缩合autocatalysis 自动催化autocatalyst 自动催化剂autocatalytic reaction 自动催化反应autoclave 压热器autocomplex 自动合成物autocorrelation function 自相关函数autofermentation 自动发酵autogenous ignition 自动着火autoionization 自电离autolysis 自溶酌autolytic enzyme 自溶酶automatic analyser 自动分析计automatic balance 自动天平automatic buret 自动滴定管automatic control自动控制automatic regulation 自动控制automatic temperature controller 自动温度控制器automatic thermoregulator 自动温度控制器automatic titration 自动滴定automatic weighing machine 自动秤automation 自动化autometer 汽车速度表autopolymerization 自动聚合autoprotolysis 自质子解autoracemization 自动外消旋autotetraploid 同源四倍体autotransformer 单卷变压器autovulcanization 自动硫化autoxidation 自氧化autunite 钙铀云母auxiliary air 辅助空气auxiliary electrode 辅助电极auxiliary unit 辅助单位auxiliary valency 副价auximone 茁长激素auxin 茁长素auxochrome 助色团availability 有效性available chlorine 有效氯available energy 有效能available phosphoric acid 有效磷酸avenin 燕麦蛋白average boiling point 平均沸点average degree of polymerization 平均聚合度average error 平均误差average life 平均寿命average mean molecular weight 平均分子量average molecular weight 平均分子量average particle diameter 平均粒子直径average sample 平均试样average speed 平均速度average value 平均值aviation gasoline 航空汽油aviation mix 航空汽油抗爆液avidin 抗生物素蛋白avocado oil 鳄梨油avogadro number 阿伏伽德罗数avogadro's hypothesis 阿伏伽德罗假说avogadro's law 阿伏伽德罗定律axial bond 贮axial flow pump 轴撩axiomatic quantum field theory 公理的量子场理论axis 轴axis of rotation 旋转轴azaserine 重氮丝氨酸azelaic acid 杜鹃花酸azeotrope 共沸混合物azeotropic copolymer 共沸共聚物azeotropic distillation 共沸蒸馏azeotropic mixture 共沸混合物azeotropic point 共沸点azeotropy 共沸性azide 叠氮化物azimuthal 方位的azimuthal quantum number 角量子数azine 吖嗪azine dye 吖嗪染料aziridine 氮杂环丙烷azlactone 吖内酯azlon 人造蛋白质纤维azo compound 偶氮化合物azo coupling 偶氮耦合azo dye 偶氮染料azo group 偶氮基azobenzene 偶氮苯azodicarbonamide 偶氮甲酰胺azoimide 叠氮化氢azole 唑azolitmin 石蕊精azotometer 氮素计azoxy compound 氧化偶氮化合物azoxybenzene 氧化偶氮苯azulene 甘菊环烃azurite 蓝铜矿b stage resin b 阶尸baby dryer 小烧缸bacillus 杆菌bacitracin 杆菌肽back bond 反向键back flow condenser 回龄凝器back mixing 逆向混合back pressure 反压back reaction 逆反应back sweetening 返回脱硫法back titration 回滴定backfire 回火backflash 反闪backscattering 后方散射backward motion 反向运动backwash 回洗bacteria 细菌bacterial fertilizer 细菌肥料bacterial incubator 细菌培育箱bactericide 杀细菌剂bacteriochlorophyll 菌叶绿素bacteriolysis 溶菌酌bacteriostasis 抑菌酌baddeleyite 斜锆石baeyer reaction 拜尔反应baeyer reagent 拜尔试药baeyer villiger rearrangement 拜尔维利格重排baffle 挡板bag filter 袋滤器bagasse 甘蔗渣bakelite 酚醛塑料baking 烧制baking enamel 烘烤搪瓷baking powder 发粉baking varnish 烤漆balance 平衡balance bar 平衡杆balance beam 平衡杆balance pan 天平盘balance rider 游码balata 巴拉塔矢ball clay 块状粘土ball hardness 钢球硬度。
北京外国语大学高等翻译入学考试试卷
北京外国语大学2001年硕士研究生入学考试英汉同声传译专业试卷I.将下列短文译成英语(35%)不久前美国宇航局宣布，他们测得的数据显示，在最近两个月，南极上空的臭氧空洞已扩大到智利南部城市篷塔阿雷纳斯（Punta Arenas）上空。
这是迄今人类所观测到的最大一个空洞。
更为严重的是，这也是臭氧空洞第一次覆盖一个人口稠密的城市。
许多人对臭氧的作用并不陌生，臭氧距地面约25-30公里，能吸收99%的太阳紫外线，可以说，它是地球生态环境的天然屏障，也是人类繁衍生存的保护伞。
据科学家测算，大气中臭氧含量每减少1%，太阳紫外线的辐射量就会增加2%，而人类皮肤癌患者就会增加5%至7%。
但现在，可以说一个城市的所有居民就处在集体患皮肤癌的危险中。
为了居民的身体健康，篷塔阿雷纳斯及其临近地区被迫宣布进入紧急状态。
这很可能也是人类第一次因臭氧空洞问题而进入紧急状态。
篷塔阿雷纳斯卫生部门再三告诫市民，最好不要在中午11点到下午3点之间外出，因为在阳光下曝晒7分钟左右，皮肤就会受到损伤。
据科学家们观测，臭氧空洞目前已达到2800多万平方公里，而造成臭氧空洞的，正是人类在工业生产中不断释放出氟利昂等化学物质，才使臭氧越来越稀薄，最后形成了现在这个巨大无比的空洞。
虽然这次臭氧空洞扩大，还因为南极大陆的气温不断升高所致，但气温的升高，又与人类大量释放二氧化碳有直接的关系。
但愿篷塔阿雷纳斯的警报是第一次，也是最后一次！II. 将下列单句译成英语(15%)1我们诚心诚意地希望不发生战争, 争取长时间的和平, 集中精力搞好国内现代化建设。
2冷战后，世界形势出现了重大的变化，两极格局宣告终结，多极化成为国际格局演变的主导方向。
3近些年来，在经济全球化的冲击下，原有的分工格局和资源配置方式正在发生历史性的重要转变。
发达国家在调整，新兴工业化国家、发展中国家和经济转轨国家也在调整，尽管调整内容、难点各不相同。
III.将下列短文译成汉语(35%)Sanctions are a blunt instrument that can sometimes be useful. Used against Iraq, they forced its horrible dictator to disgorge nearly all his most lethal weapons. Ten years on, the perspective has changed. Saddam Hussein remains implanted in power without, for the past 15 months, any UN inspectors on the spot to discourage him from reinventing his nastiest toys. At the same time, sanctions have all but destroyed his country: its health and educational systems have collapsed; its infrastructure has rusted away; its middle classes have disappeared into poverty; its children are dying.A lot of people now conclude that a change of policy is needed.The oil-for-food programme, passed by the UN Security Council in 1996, was supposed to rescue ordinary Iraqis from the deprivations of sanctions. Iraq is allowed to sell a certain amount of oil in exchange for "humanitarian" goods. Denis Halliday, an experienced UN hand, ran this programme for two years, but then resigned in disgust (as did his successor, a few weeks ago). Mr Halliday now writes forthrightly of "genocide". He and others describe how American and British representatives on the Sanctions Committee hold up everything they suspect, however remotely, to be of dual use. The list of suspect goods runs from heart and lung machines to wheelbarrows, from fire-fighting equipment to detergent, from water pumps to pencils.Some of these points were confirmed this month by Kofi Annan, the UN'S secretary-general, in his report on Iraqi sanctions to the Security Council. He revealed how far the oil-for-food programme still is from alleviating the Iraqi tragedy. Mr Annan has spread his criticism around but is particularly upset, first, by the dangerously dilapidated state of Iraq's oil industry and, second, by the Sanctions Committee's erratic delays in giving the go-ahead for the delivery of goods for hospitals: some $150m worth of medicine and medical equipment is currently held up. At one time, outsiders were set in their views on Iraqi sanctions, seeing the situation in black or white. Now there is a large grey area, and an insistent question: are sanctions still the right policy? The authors document the impact of sanctions on the lives of ordinary Iraqis, and the arguments for change are pretty convincing. The undecided should pay heed.IV.将下列单句译成汉语(15%)1.We need to break that vicious circle of AIDS, poverty, conflict, AIDS. For thetruth is that not only does AIDS threaten stability, but when peace breaks down it fuels AIDS.2.The objective of nuclear non-proliferation is not helped by the fact that thenuclear weapon states continue to insist that those weapons in their hands enhance security, while in the hands of others they are a threat to world peace. 3.In the developing countries, the labour force engaged in global productiontypically includes a large proportion of women — whether in textiles, electronics, data processing or chip manufacturing. In many cases, these women work in conditions and for wages that are appalling, and which we must strive to improve.北京外国语大学2002年硕士研究生入学考试英汉同声传译专业试卷I.将下列短文译成英语(35%)人有男女性别之分，而法律讲性别吗？我国宪法明文规定，妇女在政治、经济、文化、社会和家庭各个方面享有与男子同等的权利。
职称英语 卫生类C级 真题译文
2014年真题第2部分Some Schooling on Backpacks一些关于背包的知识According to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 5.900 kids were treated at hospital emergency rooms, clinics, and doctors’ offices last year for sprains and strains caused by backpacks. Such injuries are so widespread that more than 70 percent of physicians surveyed by the American Academy of Orthopedic （整形外科的）Surgeons listed backpacks as a potential clinical problem for children.根据美国消费产品安全委员会的数据，去年有5900名儿童因为由于背包导致的扭伤和拉伤而送进医院急诊室、诊所和医生办公室。
这种伤害是如此普遍，70%参与美国整形外科医生学会调查的医生都认为背包对儿童有潜在的临床危险。
How do you avoid such problems? Choose bags that have wide, padded straps (有垫的肩带) and a belt. That will help transfer some of the weight from the back and shoulders to the hips. You should also tighten both straps firmly, so the pack rests about 2 inches above your waist. Also, remember to pack your bag with the heaviest items closest to your back and to bend both knees when you pick it up.你应该采取什么措施避免这类问题呢？答案是：选择配有宽的、有垫的肩带和腰带的书包。
高二英语生物分类单选题50题
高二英语生物分类单选题50题1. Which of the following belongs to the phylum Arthropoda?A. EarthwormB. StarfishC. ButterflyD. Sponge答案：C。
解析：节肢动物门（Arthropoda）的典型特征包括具有分节的附肢等。
蝴蝶（Butterfly）属于节肢动物门。
蚯蚓（Earthworm）属于环节动物门 Annelida）。
海星 Starfish）属于棘皮动物门Echinodermata）。
海绵 Sponge）属于多孔动物门 Porifera）。
2. The organism which is classified in the class Mammalia should have the following feature:A. Gills for breathingB. Feathers on the bodyC. Hair or fur and produce milk to feed their youngD. Scales on the body答案：C。
解析：哺乳纲（Mammalia）的生物具有毛发或皮毛并且能够产奶哺育幼崽。
用鳃呼吸（Gills for breathing）是鱼类等水生生物的特征，它们属于鱼纲等，不属于哺乳纲。
身上有羽毛（Feathers on the body）是鸟类的特征，鸟类属于鸟纲（Aves）。
身上有鳞片（Scales on the body）是爬行动物等的特征，爬行动物属于爬行纲（Reptilia）。
3. Which kingdom does the mushroom belong to?A. AnimaliaB. PlantaeC. FungiD. Protista答案：C。
解析：蘑菇属于真菌界（Fungi）。
动物界（Animalia）的生物具有能运动、异养等特点。
白背飞虱雌雄成虫肠道可培养细菌种类组成及差异分析
环境昆虫学报2021, 43 (1)： 158-169Joornat cf Exvimnsentol Extosologyhttp ： 〃hjkcxb. alljournals. netdoi ： 1003969 /ai s n01674 -085802021001016徐天梅，黄锤，肖关丽，陈斌.白背飞虱雌雄成虫肠道可培养细菌种类组成及差异分析[J ]-环境昆虫学报，2021, 43 (1)： 158 -169-白虫 养细菌种类组成及差异分析徐天梅S 黄 锂2，肖关丽2",陈 斌"(1-云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室，云南昆明650201；2-云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201)摘要：为弄清白背飞虱成虫肠道细菌组成及雌雄成虫之间的组成差异，本研究采用传统培养法，对云南省元江县 水稻田白背飞虱雌雄成虫肠道细菌种类组 分离 ， 用 及16S RNA 序列比对方法进行细菌的种属鉴定。
结 表明：从白 飞 道内分离鉴定出细菌3门8科12属20种，优势菌门均菌门Firmicides ( 50% ),雌成虫肠道优势菌属为葡萄球菌属Stnppylococcs ( 25% ),优势菌种为松鼠葡萄球菌Stnppymcoccvc rpoirret ( 25% )；雄成虫肠道优势菌属为芽抱杆菌属BachOs ( 22% )和微杆菌属MOsbader(22% ),优势菌种为产左聚糖微杆菌Microbacteriom lodanObrsan (22% )(其中，雌性成虫肠道内共分离获得细菌3门8科8属12种，包括芽抱杆菌属Bndf m 3种；葡萄球菌属Stnphylococcs S 种；微小杆菌属ExifoobncdWom1种；不动杆菌属ASnedbader 1种；泛菌属Pnxtoen 1种；假单抱菌属Psodfnoxas 2种；苍白杆菌属OcymbncSom 1种；微杆菌属Microbacteriom 2种。
自考英语二课文译文习题 Unit 11
11-A. Sacrificed to Science?A为科学而献身？Professor Colin Blakemore works at Oxford University Medical School doing research into eye problems and believes that animal research has given humans many benefits: 科林·布莱克默教授在牛津大学医学院做眼科研究工作，他相信对动物的研究会给人类带来很多好处：The use of animals has been central to the development of anaesthetics, vaccines and treatments for diabetes, cancer, developmental disorders...most of the major medical advances have been based on a background of animal research and development.使用动物对于麻醉学和疫苗的发展，对糖尿病、癌症和发育紊乱的治疗等等都极为重要的意义。
大多数重大的医疗发展都建立在对动物的研究和开发的背景上。
There are those who think the tests are simply unnecessary. The International Association Against Painful Experiments on Animals is an organization that promotes the use of alternative methods of research which do not make animals suffer. Their spokesman Colin Smith says: 有些人认为这些试验是毫无必要的。
大学英语六级考试 阅读模拟试题
大学英语六级考试阅读模拟试题Passage OneMedia摘要：本文作者在给出对大众传媒持否定态度的人的意见后，立刻表明了自己的观点，传媒的益处比缺点要多得多。
Every day we are all influenced by the mass media (television, movies, radio, magazines, newspapers and the like). Although some critics of the media claim that these means of communication are used primarily to control our thinking and get us to buy products that we don’t need, the media also contribute to keeping people informed. In other words, while dangers to exist, the benefits of the media far outweigh the disadvantages. Most of the messages brought to viewers, listeners, and readers are designed either to inform or to entertain---and neither of these goals can be considered dangerous or harmful.If consumers of the media could be taught at an early age to examine messages critically---i.e., to think carefully about what is being communicated --- they would be able to take advantage of the information and enjoy the entertainment without being hurt by it. The key to critical thinking is recognizing the purposes of the news or script writers, the advisors, and so on. Are both sides of an issue being presented? Is the amount of the violence and killing shown necessary to the point of a story? Have enough facts about a product being advertised been presented?Furthermore, in a country with a democratic form of government, the people can be kept informed by the mass media. To be able to express their views and vote intelligently, citizens need the opportunity to hear news, opinions, and public affairs programming. Information about current events is presented in depth on publicly funded TV channels and radio stations as well as in newspapers. In addition, the public broadcasting media can help viewers and listeners to complete or further their education. Recent immigrants, for example, can improve their command of English through TV. and radio, and, in addition, some college courses are taught on educational television. Another recognized advantage of the media is that it gives the people the information they need in their daily lives: weather and traffic reports are good examples. While commercials and advertising do not necessarily present accurate information, they do make people aware of the availability of products that could improve their lives. In addition, they create a larger demand for some items, which may lead to a reduction in their price.While the media can be a valuable means of educating the public, when most people turn on the TV set or the radio, they want to be entertained. As a result, most programming consists of movies, plays, music, comedies, game shows, and sports events. Some of these offerings are of low quality, but, on the other hand, many are fun to watch and interesting, written and presented well.Even though the mass media can be misused, most of effects are positive. We are all influenced by television, movies, radio, magazines, and newspapers, and---if we are careful to examine their massages critically--- these can all be of benefit to our lives.Notes:1. 1.script n. 手稿，剧本2. 2.availability n. 可用性，有效性1.1.The main point the author tries to make in this passage is most probably that _______.A)A)advertising is harmful when it presents inaccurate informationB)B)the positive effects of the mass media outweigh the negative onesC)C)people should learn to take advantage of the media’s benefitsD)D)Television is more useful as a means of entertainment than as a means of providinginformation2.2.According to the author, the two main purposes of the mass media are to ______.A)A)control our thinking and get us to buy useless productsB)B)provide people with information and entertainmentC)C)making people aware of the availability of products and create a large demand for someitemsD)D)express the views of t he public and help improve recent immigrants’ English3.3.The author feels that consumers of the mass media should be taught at an early age to ____.A)A)bring their imagination into full play when watching programmes of low qualityB)B)buy products advertised in commercials so that the demand increaseC)C)turn off the TV set when ridiculous program comes onD)D)think critically about the messages brought to them4.4.It can be learned from paragraph 3 that citizens will be in a better position to express theirviews and make their choices if they are _____.A)A)highly educated through TV and radioB)B)well protected by the governmentC)C)highly paid by the employersD)D)well informed by the mass media5.5.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A)A)the mass media offers information needed in our daily lives.B)B)Publicly funded broadcasting does not present information about current wents in depth.C)C)Information provided by commercials and advertising is always accurate.D)D)Many TV and radio programmes are not interesting.答案：Passage One:1．1． B. 参照短文第一段，作者在给出对大众传媒持否定态度的人的意见后，立刻表明了自己的观点，传媒的益处比缺点要多得多。
氨肽酶基因anp-1在秀丽隐杆线虫生长发育中的生物学功能
氨肽酶基因anp-1在秀丽隐杆线虫生长发育中的生物学功能苏山春，汪明(中国农业大学动物医学院，北京海淀100193)摘要:本试验构建重组RNA干扰载体，通过饲喂法沉默秀丽隐杆线虫(5.elegansS氨肽酶基因anp-1,观察5.elegans 表型变化，分析an—1基因在5.elegane生长发育中的生物学功能&RNA干扰anp-1基因导致5.e ggcns N2株L4期幼虫体长明显短于对照组(4<0.001)，寿命显著缩短(4<0.001)&荧光定量PCR试验结果表明，饲喂RNAi菌株,anp-1基因mRNA的相对表达量减少了约85%(4<0.001) o同时，干扰anp-1基因表达导致5.eleeans daf'-16%i n s-1%age-1和unc-ff等寿命相关mRNA表达发生显(4<0.05)&氨肽anp-1在5iean发育和寿命调节中发挥重要作用，了对氨肽酶在线虫生育中生物学功能的理解和&关键词:秀丽隐杆线虫$氨肽酶$RNA干扰$体$寿命中图分类号：S383.1文献标志码：A文章编号：0529—6005(2020)09—0005—06Biological Fucnhont of Aminopeptidase Gene anp-1in theDevelopmect of Caenorhabdito elegapsSU Shan-chun，WANG Ming(Colleae of Veterinara Medicine，China Agricultural University，Beijing100193，China) Abstract:To identOy tOe functions of anp-1in development of5.elegans，we constructed a recombinant RNA interference (RNAi)plasmia to suppress tOe expression of anp-f，and phenotypic changes were characterized beteeen the worms fed with RNAi strain and control strain.The body size of LL/young adult worms fed with anp-f RNAi bacteria wae sianificantla shorter compared with the control group.The life s pan of5.elegans wae decreased when tOe expression of anp-f wae inhibited.The qRT-PCR results indicated tOe expression of anp P wae decreased approxiNately85%when fed witO RNAi bacterial strain.Knockdown of anp P sianif-icantla decreased tOe mRNA of the lifespan-associated genes，such as daf-16，l ns-C，uncP2，and age-1.These results demonstrated that the aminopeptidase gene anp-1plays an important role in the development in5.elegans，which extends our understanding of the bioaogicaa-unctionso-aminopeptidasein nematodedeeeaopment.Key wordt:5aenorhabditis elegans$aminopeptiOase$RNA interferencc$body size$lifespan Corresponding author：WANG Ming，E-mail:vetdean@氨肽酶是一类外切蛋白酶，广泛参与调控生物体的多肽修饰、蛋白质％期发育、信■等列生理过程［1］&据同和机制，氨肽酶可以分为12个家族&素氨肽酶1(Purinomycin-sensitive aminop e p t iOas e1，Pam-1)是Ml氨肽酶家族的成员，4amP破了减数分裂和有丝分体的有效分早期极性素的不对，活力和整体收稿日期：2020—07—05基金项目：家畜疫病病原生物学国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLVEB2013KFKT013):苏山春(1987-)，男，助理研究员，博士，主要从事寄生虫病与寄生虫防治工作，E-mail:xinxiyuzhou@ 通讯作者：汪明，E-mait:ve t Oe v n@cau.e d 孵化率［2］。
关于熊猫的英语题目
当提到关于熊猫的英语题目时，可以涉及到熊猫的生态、保护、特征等方面的知识。
以下是一些可能的英语题目：1. 翻译题：- Translate the word "熊猫" into English.2. 阅读理解：- Read the passage about giant pandas and answer the questions.- Where do giant pandas primarily live?- What is their main diet?- Why are giant pandas considered endangered?3. 填空题：- The scientific name for giant panda is __________.- Giant pandas are known for their distinct black and white __________.4. 选择题：- What is the main reason for the decline in giant panda population?- A. Lack of bamboo- B. Habitat loss- C. Overhunting- D. Climate change5. 写作题：- Write a short essay on the importance of giant panda conservation. Include information about theirrole in the ecosystem and the efforts being made to protect them.6. 单词匹配：- Match the English words with their Chinese equivalents:- Endangered- Conservation- Bamboo- Habitat- Biodiversity- 濒危的- 保护- 竹子- 栖息地- 生物多样性这些题目可以帮助学生学习关于熊猫的相关英语词汇、知识和保护措施。
剑桥雅思8G类阅读真题（A-3）
剑桥雅思8G类阅读真题（A-3）智课网IELTS备考资料剑桥雅思8 G类阅读真题(A-3)摘要：下面文章为考生们带来剑桥雅思8G类阅读真题(A-3)以及参考答案，希望可以帮助广大雅思考生轻松备考雅思。
下面文章为考生们带来剑桥雅思8G类阅读真题(A-3)以及参考答案，希望可以帮助广大雅思考生轻松备考雅思。
参考解析：Section 3篇章结构体裁：说明文主要内容：由“蛇油”一词引出松果菊，它的药效被现代科学证明比民间流传的更为有用。
本文介绍了松果菊的起源、早期应用、功效、发展和传播等。
试题解析Questions 28-33·题目类型：LIST OF HEADINGS·题目解析：◇首先，考生应该划掉例子中已经选过的标题vi和xi，并忽略原文中的Section A和B。
◇接着，考生应该从Headings入手，着重理解每个Section的大意，并划出关键词。
◇然后，考生应该去读缺少标题的Section中的自然段，重点读每自然段的主题句(常为第1、2句)，扫读其他语句，并划出关键词。
◇最后对应标题与原文划出的关键词，找原词、同义词、形式变化的词和高频词。
Headings翻译如下：i. 哪里能买到最好的松果菊(关键词where，best)ii. “蛇油”里含有什么(关键词contained)iii. 种植松果菊(关键词growing)iv. 如何利用植物松果菊(关键词how to use)v. 松果菊的早期应用(关键词earlier applications)vi. “蛇油”一词的由来(已经被排除)vii. 松果菊功效的早期研究(关键词early research)viii. “蛇油”最初是如何发明的(关键词first invented)ix. 在新的地方松果菊的用途(关键词new locations)x. 松果菊功效的现代证据(关键词modem evidence)xi. “蛇油”的早期种类(已经被排除)题号文中关键词标题中关键词必要解析答案28long before Meyer, applied, wounds and stings, teeth and gum diseaseearlier applications标题v“松果菊的早期应用”在Section C中细节描述最多：印第安人将其制成膏状，敷于伤口与蚊虫叮咬之处，治疗牙齿及牙龈疾病，亦曾冲茶服用，防治感冒、麻疹、关节炎等病症。
GRE阅读考试资料
GRE阅读考试资料During experiments at the Bimini Biological Research Station in the Bahamas， researchers Eric Stroud and Michael Hermann dropped a small mag in the water beside a shark。
The presence of the mag elicited a distinct reaction from the fish －－ they darted away from it。
Why the intense reaction？ The interaction of salt water and charged metals produces a weak electrical field。
When a shark es close to that field， the field seems to disrupt the sharks‘ special sixth sense，electroreception。
Many shark species have pores dotted around their snouts called ampullae of Lorenzinithat detect minute changes of electricity in the seawater， up to one－billionth of a volt。
These electrical impulses e from the tiniest muscle contractions of other aquatic life forms －－ or people －－ and are carried through the ions in the salt water。
高考英语一轮复习 语言朋友(11)课时作业(含解析)北师大版-北师大版高三全册英语试题
语言朋友(11)阅读理解For years we have been dieting strictly after the yearend overeating, afraid that when summer comes, the bigger size we have accumulated will betray how we ate.Now scientists say, it's a little bug that causes obesity(肥胖)．As the holiday season with its abundant feasting arrives, millions of food lovers are keeping an eye on their figures.But scientists have found that weight gain is not about too much Christmas turkey or hot chocolates, but some bacteria in your guts(肠)．Chinese scientists recently discovered a type of bacteria in guts that may be to blame for obesity.A research team led by Zhao Liping, a professor in Shanghai, has identified a precise link between a particular kind of bacteria and unusual weight gain.“The endotoxin(内毒素) released by the bacterium can activate(激活) a gene that helps produce fat.And it also deactivates a gene that consumes fat，〞 Zhao says.Scientists have long believed that microscopic organisms in the gut, microbiota, may play a very important role in weight gain, but they had never been able to prove it.In 2004, American microbiologist Jeffrey Gordon and his colleagues discovered a general link between obesity and gut microbiota in mice.While a link was believed to exist, proving it was another matter.“The list of diseases that they may play a role in is just growing and growing，〞says Lita Proctor, director of the US National Institutes of Health.“But the problem is that we're only able to look at associations and aren't yet able to conduct causeandeffect studies.〞In the clinical study, researchers found a growth of too muchendotoxinproducing bacteria, leading to 35 percent of the gut bacteria, in an obese patient whose initial weight was 175 kg.Based on this information, researchers tried to cure the patient by feeding him a specialized nutritional liquid food to decrease the bacteria in his guts to ignorable amounts.After 23 weeks, the patient lost 51.4 kg, with his fatty liver disease having almost disappeared.解题导语：科学家们发现肥胖与肠道里的一种细菌有关。
Giant Animals
Paragraph 1:1. The word abundant in the passage is closest in meaning to ________A.limited.B.generous.C.paltry.D.copious.2. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of carbon dating?A.It is primarily used to determine the age ofancient fossils.B.It is the latest technique in studying giantanimals.C.It is a method to calculate the age of organicmatters.D.It is the most accurate measurement of the ageof artifacts of biological origin. Paragraph 2:3. The word prominent in the passage is closest in meaning to_______A.ancient.B.massive.C.striking.D.inconspicuous.4. Which of the sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence?Scientists believe that the internal bone structure and circulatory system of vertebrates allow them to support enormous height and weight as well as the supply of oxygen necessary to sustain animals of very large sizes. Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.A.Paleontologists conclude that giant animalscan withstand their enormous height and weight because of their strong bone density and respiratory system, allowing the necessary supply of oxygen to survive.B.Experts attribute the inner bone constructionand circulatory system of vertebrates as reasons why those colossal animals were able Giant AnimalsFrom fossil evidence, scientists have discovered that an abundant variety of truly large or giant animals once existed around the globe. Through a method known as carbon dating, scientists have determined that many of these huge animals existed during the last ice age. Carbon dating is a way of determining the age of artifacts of biological origin. It is used to date things such as bone, wood, and plant fibers that existed in the relatively recent past of human and animal existence. For example, the fossil remains of a giant beaver, estimated to have weighted 700 pounds, has been carbon-dated to the Pleistocene era. Through evolution, many of these giants became much smaller. For example, the giant beaver’s modern cousin weighs only about 70 pounds.Paragraph 2: Through time, giants have been evident in all species of organisms. However, the most prominent ones are found in the vertebrate class. Scientists believe that the internal bone structure and circulatory system of vertebrates allow them to support enormous height and weight as well as the supply of oxygen necessary to sustain animals of very large sizes.Each major scientific division of vertebrates has its giant.to maintain their height and weight and supply themselves with enough oxygen.C.These giant vertebrates were able to supporttheir enormous height and weight and receive enough oxygen to live because of their sturdy bones and immense circulatory system.D.Scientists believe massive animals requiredan impenetrable bone structure and theefficient circulatory systems of vertebrates enabled them to roam freely despite their enormous height and weight.Paragraph 3:5. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is true of the Brachiosaurus?A.Its ferocity rivaled that of the TyrannosaurusRex.B.It went extinct approximately 150 millionyears ago.C.It was the largest animal that appeared on theEarth.D.Its diet exclusively consisted of plants. Paragraph 4:6. The word dwelled in the passage is closest in meaning to_______A.inhibited.B.depended.C.located.D.populated.7. Which of the following statements about the Baluchitherium is supported by paragraph 4?A.It was the largest mammal that ever lived.B.It stood about 18-feet high from head to toe.C.It was a precursor to the rhinoceros.D.It had a horn similar to that of the rhinoceros. Paragraph 3: The most famous huge vertebrates are in the reptilian class. Many of these giants survived long enough that early humans most probably observed them. Scientists know that there were giant turtles of the size of cars and giant lizards that were aptly called “dragons”. Most people are aware of and fascinated by the giant lizards we call dinosaurs that lived during the Jurassic period around 150 million years ago. One such dinosaur, the Brachiosaurus was a 90-foot-long, 80-ton vegetarian lizard. Another famous dinosaur, the Tyrannosaurus Rex, lived during the Cretaceous period, about 70 million years ago. The T-Rex is thought to have been the fiercest predator on earth. The T-Rex was 40-feet long, stood 19-feet tall, and had teeth that were about six inches long. Another famous dinosaur, the Pteranodon, was a flying reptile with a wingspan of around 25 feet. Dinosaurs became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous period.Paragraph 4: In the mammalian class, the largest land animal that ever lived is believed to be the Baluchitherium, which was a rhinoceros-like animal that dwelled on the Asian continent during the Oligocene and early Miocene epochs some 20 to 30 million years ago. From skeletal remains, scientists believe that Baluchitherium had a skull that was around four-feet long and that it stood about 18-feet high at theParagraph 5:8. The word them in the passage refers to____A.whalers.B.grand animals.C.protections.D.Numbers.9. Look at the four squares [■]that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.Other very large marine animals are still in existence today.Where would the sentence best fit? Paragraph 6:10. What is true about giant birds from the information given in paragraph 6?A.They are mostly vegetarians.B.Only a few of them were able to soar in theair.C.Many of them have been extinct since the1700s.D.Their eggs were a source of protein forhumans.shoulder. Though the Baluchitherium was hornless, other features that are similar to its modern descendants indicate that it was clearly a rhinoceros. Paragraph 5: Also in the mammalian class, the largest marine mammal to ever live is the Blue Whale. A The Blue Whale still inhabits our oceans and was abundant until the beginning of the twentieth century. B Unfortunately, whalers have hunted these grand animals, weighing in at around 200 tons and 110 feet in length, to near extinction. C Since 1966, the internationalhas placed numbers were estimated to be between 5,000 and 12,000 worldwide. D In the fish class, Osteichthyes, there are 20-feet Manta Rays and some very large or giant sharks still inhabiting our oceans.Paragraph 6: In the bird class, the largest birds have generally been flightless. Some have survived until modern times. Of the giant birds, the largest is thought to be the plant-eating Moa of New Zealand. These birds reached 12 to 13-feet high and weighed about 550 pounds. Another giant bird, which has been extinct since the 16th century, was the ten-foot-tall Elephant Bird of Madagascar. This bird is believed to have weighed close to half a ton. Remains of the adults and their eggs have been found and the circumference of the eggs in some cases measures over three feet. The eggs are estimated to have a volume of two gallons, which is about 160 times greater than a chicken egg.Paragraph 7:11. The author mentions the T-Rex in paragraph 7 as an example of which of the following?A. The most fearless predator on the Earth.B. The predator feared most by the plant-eatintanimals.C. A predator getting bigger to hunt larger prey.D. A predator which specialized in killing giantprey.12. All the following are mentioned in the passage as reasons why animals evolved to be exceptionally huge EXCEPT____ A. for the safety from predators. B. for the desire to secure food.C. for the competition for a better habitat.D. for protection of offspring.13. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage.A range of factors have led to many varieties of huge animals among the vertebrates that have existed on the Earth.A. Carbon dating is especially useful indetermining the age of giant animals.B. Vertebrates ’ bone structure and circulatorysystem enabled them to become enormous. C. The Blue Whale was close to becomingextinct because of the rapid changes in the marine environment.D. The most powerful hunter on earth was theTyrannosaurus Rex.E. A grass-eating animal grew to be significantly largerthan a predator in order to scare off predators.F. A survival instinct of both predator and prey led to arace toward supremacy in bulk.Paragraph 7:Scientists have theorized that giant animals evolved for a number of reasons. They believe that some of the plant-eating animals found safety in size, since these animals didn ’t have the physiology to protect themselves well from better-equipped However, meat-eaters like the also evolved to a giant surmise that this was a response to a survival need; they became larger in order to hunt larger and larger prey. This competition to become bigger and bigger significantly increased the size of both predator and prey. It is also possible that the larger size was a benefit when competing for territory, for food, and for sexual reproduction.。
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响。
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Ｇｉ ｎｔ ＳＢｏ ｙ ａ ， ｄ
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１儒 家文化 ） 儒 家文化对 中国文 化 的形 成具有最 重要 的影响 。在 儒 家 思想 体 系 中，个 人 道 德规 范 的标准 是 ： 忠 、孝 、 “ 仁 、义 、礼、智、信 ９ ） 这个道德体系 中个人被要 求孝 ９在 敬父母 、兄友弟恭 、夫妻相敬如 宾； 对友信 ； 对君 忠。至 汉朝 以儒 学为核心 ，融道 、佛 思想而 成 的程 朱理学更 是 举起 “ 纲五常 ”的大旗 ，人 们被 迫在 “ 序 ”和 “ 三 有 服 从”的重 压下挣扎 ，在 “ 存天 理 ，灭人欲 ”的精神枷 锁 下生活 。个人 的 自由意志 为伦理规 范所约束 ，个人 的情 欲追 求也只能深埋在心底 。 ２ 道家哲学 ） 道家哲学核心范畴 的 “ ” 道 ，是作 为万物乃 至宇宙之 本源 的存在 ，它讲 求 “ 为”“自然 ” 无 、 。因此 ，人们 理应 超凡 脱俗 ，忘却个人功名利 害，于 “ 清静无为 ”“ 其 自 、顺 然 ”“ 、 见素 抱朴 ，少私 寡欲 ”的心态 中与 “ ”融通 为 道 乃至 精神上 的无 限 自由。这种 思想一 方面使人 生艺 术化 、理 想化 ，使人在至 高的精神 境界 中摆 脱纷乱 尘世 的羁绊 和 困扰 ；但 另一方面 ，也使 国人 养成 了 “ 知难 而 退”“ 为而 治”的思想 ，弱化了中国悲剧 的抗争精神 。 、无 ３ 佛 教 思 想 ） 儒道 双峰并 峙的局面被 佛教 的传入打破 ，在 中国悲 剧精神 的形成 中也起到 了不可 忽视 的作用 。佛教 的观点 是 “ 今世 的一切都 是前世 果报 ” ，所有 的繁华苦难都是空 的 ，唯有 人 的精 神和灵魂 才是真 实的 。人 们常 为虚 幻 的 外在世 界所迷 惑，而去追 求尘世 的繁华 ，这是人 的痛苦 之源 。要从根本 上解 除痛 苦 ，人们 必须 要断绝七情 、断 六欲 ，远 离尘世 生活 ，追 求精神世 界 的空灵澄 明。佛教 的这种 要求人们 舍弃个人 追求和现 实享受 ， 专务清 静 ” “ ， “ 息意去欲 ，而欲归于无为 ”的思想对 中华古代悲剧 的反 抗精神 有着很 大的削弱 作用 ，也使得 中国古典 悲剧里悲 剧主 人公面对苦 难的命运 时表现 出 了坚 忍 自宽 、含 蓄蕴 藉 的 民族 特 色 。
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ｅ ｒｉ ｓ ｕ ｄ ｃ ｎ ｒ ｓ ， ａ ｌ ｔｆ ｎ ｏ ｇ ｅ ｓ ｗｈ ｃ ａ ｅ ｔ ｅ Ｃｏ ｇ ｅ ｓａ ｂ ｓｃ ｅ ｏ ｉｈ ｍ ｄ ｈ ｎ ｒ ｓ ａ ｉ
ｐｏｌｔｃ ｌｓ ｔ ｍ ｎｔ ｅ ｃ ｌ ｎｉ ｓ Ｔｈ ｎｄｅ ｎｄ ｎｔＤｅ ｌ ｒ ｔｏ ｉｉ ａ ｙｓｅ ｉ ｏ ｏ ｅ ． ｅ Ｉ ｐｅ ｅ ｃ ａ ａｉ ｎ ｈ
ｙｅａ ｓ ａ ｏ．Ｉ ｈｅ ｈｉｔ ｒ ｏ ｈｅ Ａｍ ｅ ｉ ｎ ｎｔｎｅ ，‘ ｒ ｇ ｎ ｔ ｓｏ ｙ ｆｔ ｒｃａ Ｃｏ ｉ ｎｔ Ｔｈｅ Ｍ ａ ｏｗ ｅ ｅ ｔ ｙ Ｆｌ ｒ Ｔｒ ａ ｙ’ｆ ｒ ｔ ｅ ｆｒｔｔｍ ｅ ｗｒ ｔ ｅ ｄｅ ｏ ａｉ ｏ ｓ ｉ ｏ ｅ ｔ ｍ ｃｒ ｔｃ ｈ ｉ ｈ ｔ ｕｇｈｔ ｈｅ ｐａ ｒ Ａ ｎｄ ｔ ｉｇｉ ａ Ｃｏｎｇ ｅｓ ａ ｈｅ ｈｏ ｓ ｏｎ ｔ ｐｅ ． ｈｅ Ｖ ｒ ｎｉ ｒ ｓｗ ｓｔ
一
Ａｎ ｌ ｓｓｏ ｒ ｂ ｅ ｓ ｎ ａｙ ｉ ｆ ｏ ｌｍ Ｐ ｉ ＵＳ Ｐ ｌ ｉ ｓ Ａ ｏ ｉ ｃ ｔ
口 李 敏
上海外 国语大学
上海交通大学医学院附属卫生 学校 宝山分校
Ａｂｓ ｒ ｃ ： ｈ ｉ ｄ Ｓ ａｅ ｓｔ ｅｆｒｔｂ ｕ ｇ ｏ ｓ ｒ ｐ ｂ ｉ ｔ ａ ｔ Ｔ ｅ Ｕｎ ｔ ｔ ｔ ｓｉ ｈ ｓ ｏ ｒ ｅ ｉ ｅ ｕ ｌ ｅ ｉ ｃ ｎ ｔ ｎ Ｔｈ ｉｔ ｒ ｆ ｉ ｏ ｉ ｃ ｌ ｙ ｔ ｍ ａｅ ａ ｋ ｔ ０ ａ ｉ ． ｅｈ ｓｏ ｙ ｏ ｓｐ ｌ ｉａ ｓｅ ｄ ｔｓ ｂ ｃ ｏ ４ ０ ｏ ｔ ｔ ｓ
ｐ ｓ ｅ ｎ Ｊ ｌ ｔ ，１ ７ ｓａ ｌ ｈ ｄ ｔ ｅ ｂａ ｉ ｙｓｅ ｉ ａ ｓ ｄ ｏ ｕ ｙ ４ ｈ ６ ｅ ｔ ｂ ｉ ｅ ｈ ｓｃ ｓ ｔ ｍ ｎ ７ ｓ
ｔ ｏｌ ｎｉ ．Ｉ １ ７ ｗ ｈｅ ‘ ｈｅ ｃ ｏ ｅｓ ｎ ７８ ｎ Ｔｈｅ Ｃｏｎｓｉｕ ｉ ｏｆＵ ｎｉｅ ｔｔ ｔｏｎ ｔ ｄ