2019学年高二英语下学期期中试题 新版 新人教版

2019高二年级英语期中质量抽查卷（考试时间：120分钟满分：150分）第 II 卷（共110分）I. Listening comprehensionSection A Short conversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a bookstore. B. In a grocery.C. In a stationery shop.D. In a shopping mall2. A. Diner and waitress. B. Librarian and reader.C. Ticket seller and customer.D. Teacher and student.3. A. She is not hungry B. She wants to dine out.C. She doesn’t like cooking.D. She feels awful today.4. A. The postcard has been lost. B. The man will go to the post office.C. The local post office is closed.D. The woman is expecting a postcard.5. A. To a bank B. To Macao.C. To a travel agency.D. To a gymnasium.6. A. There will be too many people at the party.B. He feels sorry that the woman is not coming.C. It makes people happier to have more parties.D. The woman can bring her brother to the party.7. A. The man is extremely fond of traveling.B. The woman has taken many pictures at the contest.C. The man admires the woman’s talent in writing.D. The woman is an experienced photographer.8. A. The new dress is for warm weather. B. The new dress makes her lookcool.C. She doesn’t like cold weather at all.D. She bought the dress when it was warm.9. A. A nice hair-style. B. An old photo.C. A wonderful wedding.D. An unforgettable friend.10. A. She could hardly find the truth. B. She doesn’t agree with the man.C. She is good at finding a place to stay.D. She had no travel experience in Russia.Section B PassagesDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The jeep was returned to his friend.B. The jeep was shot by a villager.C. The jeep made through a difficult trip to the destination.D. The jeep went wrong and had to be stopped.12. A. An old villager called a repairman to solve the problem.B. The man had to call his friend over to solve the problem.C. Some bananas were used to cover the hole on the tank jacket.D. The villagers helped to drag the car to the repair place.13. A. Bananas are much more useful than other fruits.B. Many things can be useful in unexpected fields.C. Bananas should be used a lot in the car industry.D. A person should always lend good cars to friends.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. 100. B. 200. C. 300. D. 500.15. A. To lengthen the limit of working hours of the pilots.B. To strictly punish the pilots who fall asleep when flying.C. To shorten the pilots’ night flying time.D. To find new ways to fix mechanical problems.16. A. Poor cooperation between the pilot and the co-pilot.B. Automatic flight adopted by most planes.C. Pilot exhaustion during the flights.D. Natural threats including storms and fogs.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation17. A. Because he didn’t have her number.B. Because he thought it was unnecessary.C. Because he wished his luggage would be found soon.D. Because he had to attend a business meeting.18. A. His flight number and arrival time. B. The cause of the flight’s late arrival.C. The number of his luggage check.D. The description of his luggage.19. A. On the plane ticket. B. At the information desk.C. At the check-in counter.D. From the record of his flight.20. A. Missing luggage is unlikely to be found.B. There are important documents in his luggage.C. It is possible for the man to get his luggage today.D. The man thinks it is difficult to find his baggage.Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Your comfort zone is basically all of the situation in which you feel confident and “at home”; for example, doing the job you’ve done for a long time, (21)________（socialize）with a group of people you know well or living in a place you (22)________(live）all your life.Stepping out of your comfort zone, for example, starting a new job, going to a party where you don’t know anyone or moving to another part of the country, can be frightening, but (23)________ you do so, your confidence grows.Confident people also have comfort zones, but the difference between them and people (lack) (24)________confidence is (25)________they are willing to take risks and try new things (26)______ ______ ______ their fears.Confidence comes from taking action, not from inaction; each time you succeed in doing something (27)________ you fear, your comfort zone will expand. If you drive, think of your first driving lesson – probably you (28)________(terrify) at the thought of driving 100 meters – but as you gradually improved your skills, your confidence grew and now you could probably drive 100 miles (29)________ worrying.If you lack confidence, you may find yourself (30)________(stick) in a situation you are unhappy with – such as being in a relationship that is no longer working, spending hours travelling to work on the bus or train because you fear learning to drive, or doing a job you dislike or find fulfilling --- because you are too afraid to take the first step towards changing your life.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.It is a familiar scene these days: employees taking newly laid-off co-workers out for a drink for comfort. But which side deserves 31 more, the jobless or the still employed? On March 6, researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge heard data suggesting it's the latter: compared with people who are straight-up laid off, those who keep their job but under a constant threat of losing it suffer a great 32 _ in mental well-being.Brendan Burchell, a Cambridge sociologist, presented his analysis based on various surveys conducted across Europe. The data suggest that employed people who feel insecure in their jobs show 33 levels of anxiety and depression as those who are unemployed. Although a newly jobless person’s mental health may “bottomout” after about six months, and then even begin to improve, the mental state of people who are 34 worried about losing their job “just continues to get worse and worse”, Burchell says.Evolutionary psychologists support this theory by arguing that human beings feel more stress during times of 35 because they sense an immediate but invisible threat. Patients have been known to experience higher levels of anxiety, for example, while waiting for examination results than knowing what they are suffering from—even if the result is cancer. It's better to get the bad news and start doing something about it rather than wait with anxiety. When the 36___ continues, people stay in a nonstop “fight or flight” response, which leads to 37 stress.But not every employee in insecure industries has such a 38 view, Burchell says. In general, women get on better. While reporting higher levels of anxiety than men when directly __39 , women scored lower in stress on the GHQ 12, even when they had a job they felt insecure about losing. As Burchell explains, “For women, most studies show that any job — it doesn't matter whether it is secure or insecure — gives psychological im provement over unemployment.” Burchell supposes that the difference in men is that they tend to feel pressure not only to be employed, but also to be the 40 breadwinner, and that more of a man’s self-worth depends on his job.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As computer technology has improved, today’s online environment s have become more complex and realistic. One website that has 41 over six million Internet users is Second Life. Second Life is a three-dimensional (3-D) online world where people work, shop, sell and trade items, meet others, go to concerts and much more. Users, who are called “residents,” create their own characters, or “avatars,” They use their avatars to 42 Second Life’s virtual world.Just like any country, Second Life has its own 43 . Using a credit card, userscan buy “Linden Dollars,” the official currency of Second Life. With Linden dollars, they can 44 land or even an entire island where they can build and decorate their own house. Land is treated as a valuable commodity （商品） in Second Life. Residents can choose to rent or sell their land to other users, and they can earn real money from these 45 _ .When residents want to be 46 , they can use their avatars to interact with others. There are games, shopping malls, clubs, and many kinds of stores 47 to residents. With so many op portunities for interesting things to do and see, it’s easy to see why so many users devote so much time to the site.Second Life offers users a quick and easy 48 from the real world. Many residents see this as one of the main 49 of using the site. Spending time on Second Life allows them to escape the stresses and problems of their daily lives. If a user is having a stressful day at work, she can visit a beautiful island, go skiing, or even fly to another planet during her lunch break.50 escaping the stress of their daily lives, users can also escape who they are in the real world and live out their fantasies. 51 , residents can change their occupations, physical appearance, and even their nationalities. A doctor from the United States can be a Brazilian musician on Second Life. 52 , Second Life lets users live in a world without 53 .Although Second Life started as a way for people to escape the real world, it has become more and more 54 to the real world in many ways. Now on Second Life, some countries have virtual embassies, businesses have meetings in 55 rooms, and universities have places where students can view the campus and take classes. Today, Second Life allows users to experience both fantasy and reality in the same place.41. A. persuaded B. devoted C. attracted D. contacted42. A. explore B. create C. fight D. approach43. A. environment B. fortune C. society D. economy44. A. cultivate B. purchase C. insure D. access45. A. instructions B. withdrawals C. deals D. conducts46. A. entertaining B. detective C. different D.social47. A. available B. affordable C. applicable D. adaptable48. A. suffering B. discouragement C. escape D. tolerance49. A. satisfactions B. dominations C. conveniences D. benefits50. A. In addition to B. Instead of C. In view of D. With regard to51. A. On top of that B. As a result C. For example D. Besides52. A. However B. Basically C. Inevitably D. Additionally53. A. starvation B. imaginations C. connection D. limitations54. A. exposed B. adjusted C. similar D. essential55. A. man-made B. distinctive C. functional D.virtualSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Behind most of the bad things we do to our bodies as adults, eating more than we should is the idea we carry with us from childhood. On one hand, we assume that we are indestructible. On the other hand, we think that any damage we impose on ourselves can be undone when we finally clean up our act.If the evidence for how wrong the first idea is isn’t apparent when you stand naked in front of the mirror, just wait. But what if you eat right and drop all your bad habits? Is there still time to repair the damage?To a surprising degree, the answer is yes. Over the past five years, scientists have collected a wealth of data about what happens when aging people with bad habitsdecide to turn their lives around.The heartening conclusion: the body has an amazing ability to heal itself, provided the damage is not too great.The effects of some bad habits —smoking, in particular—can haunt you for decades. But the damage from other habits can be largely healed.“Any time you improve your behavior and make lifestyle changes, they make a difference from tha t point on.” says Dr. Jeffrey Koplan. “Maybe not right away. It’s like slamming on the brakes. You do need a certain distance. ”But the distance can be remarkably short. Consider the recent announcements from the front lines of medical research:—A study concluded that women who consume as little as two servings of fish a week cut their risk of suffering a stroke to half that of women who eat less than one serving of fish a month.—The day you quit smoking, the carbon monoxide levels in your body drop dramatically. Within weeks, your blood becomes less sticky and your risk of dying from a heart attack starts to decline…Adopting healthy habits won’t cure all that bothers you, of course. But doctors believe that many chronic diseases—from high blood pressure to heart disease and even some cancers—can be warded off with a few sensible changes in lifestyle.Not sure where to start? Surprisingly, it doesn’t matter, since one positive change usually leads to another. Make enough changes, and you’ll discover you’ve adopted a new way of life.56. Most people with bad habits of eating more than they should believe that ______.A. they can never change the habits that have haunted them for decadesB. their bodies cannot be damaged by the bad habitsC. their bodies can heal all the damage without the help from outsideD. they can force themselves to clean up the had habits later57. The evidence against the assumption that we are indestructible_____.A. is seldom apparentB. is clearly shown in the mirrorC. will appear obvious sooner or laterD. is still a question58. According to the recent announcements______.A. women should eat as much fish as possibleB. women are at a higher risk of suffering a stroke than menC. men don’t have to eat as much fish as womenD. eating a little more fish can improve women’s health59. It is implied in the passage that______ .A. smokers have lower levels of carbon monoxide than non-smokersB. the blood of smokers is more sticky than that of non-smokersC. smokers will be unlikely to die from heart attack if they quit smokingD. chronic diseases can be cured if we drop our habit of smoking（B）Beijing is hardly alone in its air pollution problems. The world Health Organization has sa id that roughly half of the world’s urban population is exposed to pollution at least 2.5 times higher than it recommends.While it may take years to fix this global problem, innovative minds in the Asia region have come up with creative solutions for living with air pollution.DIY PurifierThomas Talhelm started worrying about the air inside his Beijing homeduring “airpocalypse”(空气末日) in 2013 when Beijing’s air qualityindex skyrocketed to a terrifying 755.The scholar couldn’t afford the luxury of an expensive air purifier. “Filters (过滤器) are actually very simple—a high efficient filter is all you needto get over 96% of the PM2.5,” he said.With three of his friends, Talhelm created Smart Air, an air purifier consisting of a basic household fan with a high efficient filterattached to it.It works as efficiently as the big brands selling for thousands of dollars, removing more than 90 percent of PM2.5 in your room, accordingto Talhelm’s research.Invisible MaskInfipure’s “nose mask”claims to cut 99% of PM2.5 without thetrouble of a surgical face mask.The filters, made from special materials, are inserted into your nose and aim to be undetectable.“People care about their health, but don’t want all the downsides that come with a traditional face mask,” Infipure co-founder Francis Law explained.Plant BackpackTaiwanese artist Chui Chih has designed a survival device for anapocalyptic world. Named Voyage on the Planet, a potted plant is housedinside a clear backpack hooked up to two tubes to bring fresh air to a face mask. It’s a bold, abstract idea from an oxygen tank.Smog VacuumDaan Roosegaarde has been working on a smog vacuum that will suckpollutants from the sky to the ground like a vacuum, making way for cleanair.A byproduct of this smog vacuum, namely The Smog Free Tower, is the “smog ring”—a piece of jewelry made from smog particulates(微粒).“The pollution we suck up, the small particulates, we don’t throw them away. We put them under pressure for a couple of weeks and theycrystallize(结晶), creating something like a diamond,” Roosegaardeexplains.60. Thomas Talhelm invented Smart Air for all the following reasons except _______.A. the high price of the big brandsB. the poor quality of the indoor airC. the help from three of his friendsD. the simple principle behind the device61. If someone wants to travel around in those polluted days, which product will he most probably choose for the sake of convenience?A. SmartAir.B. The Smog Free Tower.C. Voyage on the Planet.D. Infipure’s nose mask.62. In which solution the inventor also makes use of the dust collected from the polluted air?A. Invisible Mask.B. Smog Vacuum.C. Plant Backpack.D. DIY Purifier.（C）A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing…right? Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists have argued that this“play”is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground—and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact; bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory that a baby will come to acceptthe idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for ex ample, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate. Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world —is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, “It is not that chi ldren are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”63. According to some developmental psychologists, _________.A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a game.B. scientific r esearch into babies’ games is possibleC. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigatedD. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment64. We learn from Paragraph 2 that_______.A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB. scientists and babies often interact with each otherC. babies are born with the knowledge of object supportD. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do65. Children may learn the rules of language by________.A. exploring the physical worldB. investigating human psychologyC. repeating their own experimentsD. observing their parents’ behaviors66. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. The world may be more clearly explained through chi ldren’s play.B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.Section CDirections: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable sentences to fill in the blanks and complete the passage. There are two extra sentences you do not need.Who Writes the President's Speeches?The president of the United States must be an orator. The president gives an annual address on the State of the Union and speaks at the inauguration and other special events. ____67____ In his Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln spoke fewer than 300 words, but those words have become immortal. Franklind. Roosevelt set the standard for later presidents in his 30 “fireside chats”, which aired on the radio and dealt with the Great Depression and World War II.Beginning with George Washington, American presidents often sought assistance with the content and wording of their speeches, although they may have done the writing themselves.____68____ The first President to assign the task of speechwriting to an aide, however, was Calvin Coolidge(1923-1929), the laconic president whose nickname was "Silent Cal”. The aides name was Judson Welliver. (Today, there is a bipartisan organization for former presidential speechwriters, the Judson Welliver Society.) Since the middle of the twentieth century, the role of such speechwriters has expanded;the Executive branch now includes an Office of Speechwriting as part of its Department of Communications, Speechwriting and Media Affairs.____69____ In his inaugural speech, John F. Kennedy urged Americans “Ask not what your country can do for you -- ask what you can do for your country”. George H. W. Bush, in his inaugural speech, imagined community volunteers and organizations as “a thousand points of light”. Both of these phrases originated with the gifted men and women who worked as the president's speechwriters.The process of drafting a presidential speech is long and complicated, and different presidents make different contributions. Some write large portions of the text and invite criticism from aides and advisers; others ask speechwriters to draft a speech in its entirety, and then they edit it to their own satisfaction. ____70____ The final product, whatever the process, must “sound” like the person who speaks the words. As one speech writer recently said, “Our concern was not to write a good speech, but to write a good speech that is also his speech”.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry. However, it’s better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done. The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrongs in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they can’t make a sound decision and probably regret later. As the saying goes, “Haste makes waste.” We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly.Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our lives.Finally, slower life pace provides better health conditions for us. As is knownto all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally. According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense, even if the former finish jobs more slowly than the latter.In short, working quickly will bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much s tress can’t bring enjoyment, friends and health, which are much more important than money and other material advantages. Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace.第 II 卷（共40分）I. Translation (3+3+4+5)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 和她为鸡毛蒜皮的小事争论不休没有意义。