定语从句 语法详解

合集下载

定语从句语法讲解英语

定语从句语法讲解英语

定语从句语法讲解英语定语从句语法讲解英语定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,下面是店铺整理的定语从句语法讲解英语,一起来看看吧。

定语从句语法讲解英语1(一)定语从句的结构:在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词,它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接,这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词(关系代词或关系副词:that, which, who, whose, when,where,why)。

先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语。

结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。

1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句:从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连。

(完整版)定语从句语法详解

(完整版)定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法专题(Attributive Clauses)教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

在句中做定语,被修饰的名词或代词,叫做先行词。

从句通常放在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。

其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

eg She is the girl(who got the first prize.)girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。

the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。

二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as(主, 宾, 定)关系副词: when, where, why.(状语)2.关系词的作用:(1)引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用;(2)代替先行词在句中充当成分。

定语从句语法详解与案例分析

定语从句语法详解与案例分析

定语从句语法详解与案例分析定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词的从句结构,它可以给予读者更多的信息,以便更清晰地描述一个人或事物。

在本文中,我们将对定语从句的语法做详细解释,并提供一些案例分析来加深理解。

一、定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构由引导词(关系词)和从句组成。

引导词根据其在定语从句中的功能和先行词的词性可以分为以下几种:1. 关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或属格,其选择要根据引导词在定语从句中所充当的成分来确定。

例句1:The girl who is standing there is my sister.例句2:I have a friend whose father is a doctor.例句3:Is there anything that I can do for you?2. 关系副词:where, when, why关系副词分别表示地点、时间和原因,其在定语从句中充当状语。

例句4:I still remember the day when we first met.例句5:This is the place where we used to study.例句6:I don't know the reason why he left.二、定语从句的用法定语从句在句子中的位置可以灵活变化,但通常紧跟在被修饰的名词后面。

1. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对名词的修饰是必要的,如果去掉将会使句子的意思不完整或不明确。

关系词可以是关系代词或关系副词。

例句7:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.例句8:He is the man who won the first prize in the competition.2. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句对名词的修饰是附加的,可以去掉而不影响句子的基本意思。

英语语法讲解之定语从句

英语语法讲解之定语从句

英语语法讲解之定语从句一、几个基本概念1.定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

3.位置:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。

4.引导词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。

﹙1﹚关系代词:that/who/which/whom/whose﹙2﹚关系副词:when/where/why﹙3﹚引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。

﹙4﹚引导词的功能(作用):①连接先行词和定语从句。

②在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。

5.定语从句的类型:﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。

①直接由引导词引导定语从句Eg.The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导Eg.The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.=I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.=介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在相关动词之后。

例如:The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.※﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。

英语定语从句语法详解

英语定语从句语法详解

英语定语从句语法详解定语从句是英语中非常重要的一个语法结构,用于修饰名词或代词,并且在句子中起到定语的作用。

在本文中,我们将详细介绍英语定语从句的概念、用法以及常见的引导词。

一、定语从句的概念和用途定语从句是由一个句子作为整体,用来修饰名词或代词的句子。

它可以提供进一步的信息,使得句子更加具体明确。

定语从句通常放置在被修饰的名词或代词之后。

例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

In this sentence, "that I bought yesterday"是一个定语从句,修饰名词"book",进一步解释了这本书的情况。

二、引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。

常见的关系代词有:who、whom、whose、which、that等;常见的关系副词有:when、where、why等。

1. 关系代词的用法a. who/whom/whose:用于人。

who用作主语或宾语,whom用作宾语,而whose表示所有关系。

例如:The man who is standing over there is my father.那个站在那里的人是我爸爸。

The boy whom I met yesterday is my classmate.我昨天遇到的那个男孩是我的同学。

This is the house whose roof is red.这是一座屋顶是红色的房子。

b. which/that:用于物。

which用作主语或宾语,that可用作主语、宾语或定语。

例如:The car which/that is parked in front of the house is mine.停在房子前面的那辆车是我的。

The book which/that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。

英语语法指导:定语从句详解

英语语法指导:定语从句详解

英语语法指导:定语从句详解一、定义定语从句是指在句中做定语作用,修饰句中的名词或代词的从句,其中被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。

当关系代词作定语从句的主语时,其后的谓语动词的人称和数取决于先行词的人称和数。

二、定语从句的结构定语从句一般位于先行词的后面,定语从句由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which,that, as和关系副词when, where, why等引导。

(一)关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

(1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中做主语和宾语。

例如:·Is he the manwho/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中做主语)·He is the manwhom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中做宾语)(2)whose用作关系词表示所属格,也可看作是关系形容词,因为它后面必须接一个名词连用。

不能单独使用。

例如:·They rushed over to help the manwhose car had brokendown.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

(3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可做主语、宾语等。

作宾语时常可省略。

例如:·A prosperitywhich / that ha d never been seen beforeappears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

(which / that在句中作宾语)(二)关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

英语定语从句语法解析

英语定语从句语法解析

英语定语从句语法解析英语定语从句语法解析语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。

英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。

下面店铺带来英语定语从句语法解析,欢迎阅读!英语定语从句语法解析篇11.先行词为all, anything, something, nothing, everything, much, little, none等不定代词时,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。

在大多数情况下that可以省略.Please tell me everything you know about the matter.Thats all we can do at the moment.2.as引出的限制性定语从句在such as的结构中as可作关系代词,引出限制性定语从句。

有时和same连用,在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语等。

Such people as were recommended by him were reliable.Ive never seen such a talented young man as he is.I have the same trouble as you .3.as引出的非限制性定语从句as可作关系代词引出非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句,通常译为(正)如一样,(正)象一样等。

as引导的从句一般用逗号与主句隔开,可以位于主句的前面、中间或后面.I live a long way from work, as you know.She did not, as her friend had feared, break down.As is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.4.分隔式定语从句定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后,但有时会被其他句子成分与先行词隔开,从而构成分隔式定语从句。

定语从句语法讲解

定语从句语法讲解

五:

As
引导的定语从句
当先行词被such, as, so, the same 修饰时, 定语从句用 修饰时, 当先行词被 关系代词as来引导 关系代词 来引导. 来引导 This is the same book as/that I read yesterday. I don’t like such people as they talked about just know . That’s the same man that asked for help the day before yesterday. I have never read so interesting a book as you talked about.
Write articles for the newspaper
2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配 e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m sure.
Be sure about the idioms
3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯 e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.
Which baby is Jack? Jack
Jack
穿蓝裤子的baby是Jack。 The baby_______ trousers are blue is Jack. whose The baby the trousers _____ ______ is blue of whom is Jack.
练习: 练习:用适当的关系代词填空
who 1. One ____ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth. who 2. The ones ____ laugh at the disabled are not good students. who 3. Anyone ____ fails to finish the task should be punished. 4. Thosewho want to go to The Great Wall sign up here. ____ that 6. Who is the young man_______ is wearing a red shirt? which 7. This is the hotel in _______ we stayed last year. which/ 8. The house is that _________ we lived in two years ago. which 9. The big earthquakeØ felt in Beijing, ________ is the was capital of China.

英语语法:定 语 从 句

英语语法:定 语 从 句

英语语法:定语从句英语语法:定语从句定语从句是英语常见的用来联系多个句子的句型,作用强大而且简洁易用。

我在这里整理了相关学问,快来学习学习吧!英语语法:定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语留意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于下列结构:suchas; soas;the sameas; asas留意:the sameas 表示同一类,不同一个the samethat 表示同一个(2)as与which的区分a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的依据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。

Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事”。

留意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。

c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。

二、只用that不用which的状况1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

定语从句详解+例句

定语从句详解+例句

定语从句详解+例句定语从句是英语重点语法之一,几乎每个人在研究英语时都会遇到,也是高考、四级、六级等考试的重点,因此需要系统的掌握和练。

定语从句在英语中经常出现,用于修饰名词或代词,从而可以更加精准地表达意思。

以下是定语从句的详细解释和例句。

一、什么是定语从句定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词,从而使该名词或代词的含义更加精确。

在定语从句中,包含了一个关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)或一个关系副词(where,when,why)等。

二、定语从句的种类1. 定义性定语从句定义性定语从句是限制性的定语从句。

它的作用是进一步说明名词的具体内容和范围。

这种定语从句中的关系代词一般用that/who/which。

例:The book which is on the desk is mine. (在桌子上的书是我的。

)2. 非定义性定语从句非定义性定语从句是非限制性的定语从句。

它用来为名词或代词提供附加的描述或补充信息。

这种定语从句中的关系代词一般用which/who。

例:My husband, who is a doctor, is very busy. (我丈夫是个医生,非常忙。

)三、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词关系代词包括 that、which、who、whom、whose。

指物指人主格 which who宾格 which/ that whom/who形容词性物主代词 whose whose2. 关系副词关系副词有三个,分别是 when、where 和 why,表示时间、地点和原因。

四、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在它所修饰的名词之后,用于对该名词进行限制或描述。

五、注意点1. 先行词需要同定语从句中的关系代词在性、数上保持一致。

2. 当先行词在定语从句中作为主语时,关系代词要使用主格形式 who 或者 that。

若先行词在定语从句中作为宾语,关系代词要使用宾格形式 whom 或者 that。

定语从句语法知识点总结

定语从句语法知识点总结

定语从句语法知识点总结定语从句是指修饰一个名词或代词的句子,用来进一步说明这个名词或代词的内容。

以下是定语从句的语法知识点总结:1.引导词:定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。

关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose, 以及关系副词:where, when, why。

2.关系代词的用法:(a) that: 作主语时,可修饰人和物。

如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(b) which: 作主语时,只修饰物,不修饰人。

如:The car whichis parked outside is mine.(c) who/whom: 作主语时,修饰人。

如:The girl who is playing the piano is my sister. 作宾语时,who指代主语,whom指代宾语。

如:The man whom I met yesterday is a famous writer.(d) whose: 用于表示所属关系,修饰人和物。

如:The house whose roof was damaged by the storm needs to be repaired.3.关系副词的用法:(a) where: 修饰地点。

如:I still remember the city where I was born.(b) when: 修饰时间。

如:This is the day when we will havethe final exam.(c) why: 修饰原因。

如:I don't understand the reason why he quit his job.4.关系代词在从句中的成分:关系代词在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语、介词的宾语或者表语。

如:The girl (who/whom/that) I met at the party is my cousin. (关系代词充当宾语)5.关系词的省略:当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,且在从句中不作其他成分时,可以将关系代词省略。

完整版)定语从句语法详解

完整版)定语从句语法详解

完整版)定语从句语法详解定语从句是用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句,通常放在先行词之后,由关系词引导。

其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,因此也被称为形容词性从句。

定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

关系词是引导定语从句的关联词,包括关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that。

who。

whom。

whose。

which和as(主、宾、定);关系副词有when。

where。

why(状语)。

关系词的作用是连接先行词和定语从句,并代替先行词在句中充当成分。

限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或者失去意义。

从句和主句的关系十分密切,不可用逗号隔开,也不可省略。

例如:She has found the necklace that she lost two weeks ago.非限制性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明,但如果去掉,主句的意思仍然完整。

从句和主句之间用逗号隔开,一般用于口语或文学作品中。

例如:My friend。

who is a doctor。

gave me some medical advice.这是我看过的最有趣的电影。

2.只用which的情况:1)当先行词在从句中作表语时,只能用which,不能用that。

XXX.他给出的理由不令人信服。

2)当先行词是物时,且在从句中作主语时,只能用which,不能用that。

egThe book which is on the desk is XXX.在桌子上的书是我的。

3.既可以用that,也可以用which的情况:1)当先行词是人或物时,且在从句中作宾语时,that和which都可以使用。

XXX.我昨天遇到的那个人是一名医生。

The car that/which I bought last year is very XXX.我去年买的那辆车非常贵。

2)当先行词在从句中作介词宾语时,that不能用,只能用which。

定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法详解

定语从句被修饰的名词 / 代词 + 关系词 + 句子 (其中,"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".)Ⅰ. 概念:(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。

(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。

先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。

(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词的作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)①常用的关系代词: that 、 which 、 who 、whom 、whose 、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who …not …, "没有……不……", 在从句中作主语,宾语)②常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when 、why 、 whereThe student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.PS:what 不能引导定语从句.⑷ 定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。

Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法: 关系代词代替人 代替物 代替人或物 ① 同时代替人和物,只用that ② 作动词宾语的关系代词可省略主语who which that 宾语whom which that 定语 Whose=of whom Whose=of which●that : 可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。

定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法详解一、从句定义指在句中作状语或宾语等成分,受到其前面的一句或词语影响而具有相同的意义的从属句叫作定语从句。

1、定语从句的种类定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:1) 限定性定语从句又可分为:(1) 由that引导的定语从句;(2) 由联系代词引导的定语从句;(3) 由不定式引导的定语从句;(4) 由-ing 引导的定语从句;(5)由不定式的完成式引导的定语从句;2) 非限定性定语从句可分为:(1) 由which引导的定语从句;(2) 由what 引导的定语从句;2、定语从句的结构(1)定语从句的结构大体分为以下3种:1) 主语从句:主要是由联系代词或关系副词引导,此时定语从句可放在句子中缀任何成分;2) 宾语从句:主要是由联系代词或关系副词引导,此时定语从句放在谓语动词之后;3) 表语从句:主要是由联系代词或关系副词引导,此时定语从句放在系动词之后。

(2)在定语从句中,需要注意的几点:1) 定语从句的谓语动词的人称和数形式,要和先行词一致;2) 定语从句里的主语和宾语,也是要省略;3) 定语从句中不要使用介词,除非介词在句中是必要的。

3、定语从句的关系词(1)由that 引导的定语从句that一字在句中可以做关系代词或关系副词,引导定语从句时,一般不用于限制性定语从句,但在宾语从句中,却经常使用that。

(2)由联系代词引导的定语从句联系代词有下列十一个:who, whom, whose, which, that 和as 等,只能引导限定性定语从句,其中联系代词who,whom 只能用于指人,而 that, which 和 as 则可以指人也可以指物。

(3)由不定式引导的定语从句不定式有时也可以用来引导定语从句,常与它们搭配的几类形容词有:afraid, glad, happy, surprised 等表示情感的形容词和able, certain, difficult, easy 等表示可能性的形容词。

定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法详解一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。

2,代替先行词。

3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。

二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which.在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。

(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?(6) Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1)The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.(2)The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5)We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.(6)We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意:1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如:look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)2. 若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或者that;指物时用which,不能用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with who/that you talked is my friend. (F)(2) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.四.关系副词引导的定语从句1. when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意:关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which/where I was born五.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上:不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义上:先行词不可缺少的定语,不能删除对先行词的补充说明,删后意思仍完整译法上:翻译成先行词的定语,“…的…”通常翻译成主句的并列句关系词的使用上:A.做宾语时可省略B. 可用that C.可用who代替whom(限定)A.不可省 B. 不用that C.不用who代替whom(非限定)限制性定语从句举例:(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.(2) China is a country which has a long history.非限制性定语从句举例:(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.(2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.要注意区分以下几个句子的不同(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。

定语从句语法讲解

定语从句语法讲解

定语从句一.定语从句的基本用法汉语中的“……的”即为定语。

如:“美丽的春天”中的“美丽的”。

如果定语由一个句子来充当,此句即称之为定语从句。

由定语所修饰的词叫做先行词,如“春天”。

定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

它们的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词。

判断使用什么引导词要判成分,看指代。

二.关系代词that, which用法之别引导定语从句的关系代词which, that 在修饰先行词时,一般可换用,有时则不可。

它们引导定语从句有最基本的三点区别:①that 只用于限制性的定语从句;which 可用于限制性和非限制性定语从句。

②that 可指人也可指物;which 只可指物。

③that 不能至于介词后,引导定语从句时把介词放于句后,which 可置于介词后,也可把介词放在定语从句后面.下面就which, that 不宜换用的情况,作一归纳:1.只可用that的定语从句①在修饰时间、地点等先行词时,只可用that代替when, where等关系副词,而不能用which。

That was the time that (=when) he arrived (at).②same 所修饰的先行词后可用that 而不可用which。

Yesterday I met the same scientist that (=as ) you met last year.③主句是以who或which 开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是疑问代词who 时,定语从句要用that 而不用which (who ,whom) 引导。

(避免重复)Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in ?Who that has seen him doesn’t admire him ?2.多用that(极少用which)的定语从句。

①先行词为不定代词all, everything, nothing, anything , something , little , much , few, only thing, best等或名词前带有all , every, no , some, any, little , much , few 等时,关系代词一般用that。

定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法详解,希望能够帮助考生备考英语学科考试,赢得高分。

一、定语句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。

定语可以由形容词,名词,不定式,分词,动名词或从句来充当。

eg: She is a beautiful girl. (形容词)I met someone funny on my way to Beijing. (形容词)(修饰不定代词的定语后置)He is an English teacher. (名词)(名词作定语时一般用单数,例外的有sports, 如a sports star)I have a lot of work to do. (不定式)The book written by a schoolboy is very popular now. (过去分词短语)We can see the rising sun. (现在分词) = the sun is rising.He is in the reading room. (动名词) = the room for readingThe boy who broke the window is Tom’s brother. (从句)注意:1.形容词作定语一般放在所修饰的词前面;但当形容词修饰的是something, anything, everything, nothing, someone, everyone, everybody, somewhere等不定代词时,要放在这些词的后面。

present (在场的), absent (缺席的)作定语时需要后置。

students present / absent2. 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。

3 分词作定语时,即可放在所修饰词前,也可放在所修饰词后1)分词前置:单独的一个分词作定语,一般放在所修饰词前。

He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人2)分词后置分词在以下情况,放在所修饰词的后面i. 分词词组; There was a girl sitting there. 有个女孩坐在那里ii. 个别分词如given, left;This is the question given. 这是所给的问题iii. 修饰不定代词something等There is nothing interesting. 没有有趣的东西过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。

定语从句语法讲解

定语从句语法讲解

which 的区分
1)I’ll never forget the day ___w__h_e_n__ we first
met in the park. 2)I’ll never forget the
I spent with you.
time
which\that _\_省___略__________
3)I’ll never forget the time _w__h_i_c_h_\_t_h_a__t_
praise He is one of the students in his class who
__h_a_v_e__ (have) got the teacher’s praise
Correct the sentences:
1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday.
(1)先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词,引导定语从句用that
1.Nothing _t_h__a_t_ can be done has been
done.
2.Do you have anything _t_h_a__t_ you
The reason __________ she gave
was not true. which/that/省略
6 定语从句中的动词的数:关系词在定 语从句中做主语时,谓语动词的数取决 于先行词
He is the only one in his class who
__h_a__s__ (have) got the teacher’s

语法讲解:定语从句

语法讲解:定语从句

定语从句一.定义定语:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用………的‟表示。

充当定语的有:主要由形容词担任。

此外,名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式(短语)、分词。

定语从句:定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句。

二.分类(一)..限定性定语从句1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。

而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing ,few, all, none, little, some等代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等,这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间[注]值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样.8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导There is somebody here who wants to speak to you. 这里有人要和你说话。

高中语法定语从句的详细讲解

高中语法定语从句的详细讲解

定语从句(四)关系副词引导的定语从句1. when 指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。

I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。

The time when we got together finally arrived. 我们团聚的时刻终于到了。

October 1, 1949 was the day when the Peo ple’s Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. 你还记得在农村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年吗?2. where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。

Shanghai is the city where I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。

The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。

I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised . 我参观了那个饲养了许多奶牛的农场。

Is this the place where they fought the enemy? 这是他们当初打敌人的地方吗?3. why 指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。

Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。

The reason why he was punished is unknown to us. 他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

三、先行词是the way,意为“方式,方法”时, 引导定语从句的关系词用that/ in which或省略。 I didn't like the way (that/in which) she talked to me. ______________
The way(that/in which) teaches English is ______________he interesting.
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾
语时,可省略。 The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省
略。 The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
区分:
The way ____________was used by Joan to solve the problem was really effective. A. in which B. which C. / D. in that
四、 关系代词as引导限制性定语从句
as作关系代词时,引导定语从句在从句中充当主语、宾语、介 词宾语或表语,既可以指人,也可以指物。 as引导定语从句时,有如下结构:“the same … as”, “such …as”, “as…as” “so many (much, few, little)…as”,译作“像……一样的人(或物)”。如:
二、 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的 人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如:
Those who are against the plan put up your hands. I, who am the closest friend of Tom, would like to anything for him. Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.
This is such an easy novel as you can read. 这本小说很容易,你能读 得懂。 I have the same dictionary as you (have). 我的词典和你的词典一样。 He is as clever a boy as you want to see. 他就是你想见的那个聪明的男 孩。 They have never read so many books as I read last year. 他们从来都没有读过像我去年读过的那些书。
用适当的关系词填空
who/that 1.The girl __________is standing next to our teacher is her daughter.
(who/whom/that) 2. The girl _________________our teacher is talking with is a famous singer. whose 3. The girl________ mother is a teacher can speak English very well. which/that 4. I can’t find the book ____________is borrowed from the library. (that/which) 5. I can’t find the book ________________you lent to me.
③ whose引导的定语从句,其先行词既可以指人 也可以指物。
④whose的先行词指物时,可用of which代替,但语 序不同,即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which,或= of which + the + 名词。如: The novel whose title (= the title of which或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting.
2. 当介词位于定语从句末尾时,可用 which/that(指 物), who/whom/that(指人)作从句中介词的宾语.而 且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。
(whom/who/that) Dad is a person________________ I can easily talk to. (which/that) Is this the play ___________ you were talking about just now?
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
⑤当先行词所在主句是由who或which提问时。如:
Who is the man that Mr Wang is talking to?
2. that和who都可以指人,但下面两种情况,多用who。
⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。 不可省略。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake. We live in a house whose roof is red.
the classroom/windows face south/our classroom
先行词 关系副词
关系词的分类
1. 关系代词
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语 和定语,常用的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose, as 2. 关系副词 关系副词在定语从句中作状语,常用的关系副 词有:when, where, why
三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点 1. 关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 指代的先 行词 who 人 whom which that whose 人 物 人或物 人或物 充当从句的成分 主语、宾语 宾语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语 定语
This is all that I want from the school.
③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。如:
This is the very book that I am looking for these days. ④当先行词被最高级和序数词修饰时。如: The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.
3. 在一些固定搭配的动词短语中,由于动词 和介词不可分割,因此不能把介词置于关系代 词之前。如: This is the watch (that/ which) I am looking for.
The babies (who/ whom/ that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.
⑤whose的先行词指人时,可用of whom代替, 但语序不同,即whose+名词 = the+名词+of whom,或= of whom + the + 名词。如: The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom 或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my friend.
The classroom whose windows face south is our classroom.
whose引导的定语从句注意点
①whose引导定语从句,其后应紧跟名词,构成名 词短语。 ② whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。 如:
The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说 了这个消息。
Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.
三、 介词+which/ whom引导的定语从句
1. 介词的选用原则: (1) 根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。 I remember the day on which I joined the Party.
④that 指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时,可省略。 A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man (that) I told you about.
the city / got the chance to host the 2011 International Marathon. Lanzhou is the city that/which got the chance to host the 2011 International Marathon.
I remember the days during which I lived there.
(2)根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。 This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.
This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.
Attributive Clause
• • • • • 1. 定义 2. 关系词(关系代词、关系副词) 3. 限制性 非ttle boy is Tom .
The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词 关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
相关文档
最新文档