全国大联考 英语

绝密★启用前2016年第二次全国大联考【新课标I卷】英语试卷考试时间：120分钟；命题人：大联考命题中心第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AFive years after a deadly earthquake and tsunami hit Japan, recovery remains years away.More than 16,000 people died in the disaster and more than 470,000 were displaced (移动) from their homes, says the Japanese Red Cross Society. Over 2,500 people are still missing and presumed (推测) dead. After pressure from survivors, the Japanese Coast Guard began underwater searches for the missing.In Fukushima, more than 100,000 families still cannot return home, says the Red Cross Society. This is because of radioactive contamination (污染) from the damaged Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.In Japan, the disaster is known as ＂3-1-1＂, marking the date five years ago.It was really three disasters rolled into one.＂It started with an earthquake devastating (毁灭；破坏) in itself, then the tsunami, and then the radiation from the nuclear plant,＂said Shioko Goto, a Japan expert at the Wilson Center in Washington, D.C. Goto said the disaster showed the world, ＂Japanese resilience (快速恢复的能力) and Japanese unity.＂But it also showed shortcomings. Among the most notable, the long time it took to stabilize the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power P lant after it was flooded from the tsunami, Goto said. That process took eight months. Another, Japan’s dependence on nuclear power, she said. The disaster forced Japan to close all of its nuclear power plants, leaving parts of the country without electricity.Goto offered up one major difference from the last major Japanese disaster, the 1995 Kobe Earthquake. In 2011, social media was everywhere, she said. Social media offered up plenty of ＂unfounded rumors and fear-mongering (制造恐慌),＂Goto said.But it also kept pressure on Japanese authorities to do more. Chikara Yoshida lost his only son, a 43-year-old volunteer fireman, on March 11, 2011. He and his daughter posted a petition (请愿书) on Facebook to restart underwater searches. It drew over 28,000 signatures, according to the Associated Press.The Japanese Coast Guard announced that it would resume searches this week.There have also been complaints that reconstruction efforts in hard-hit northern Japanese communities have been too slow. This week, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said the government will respond.21. The number of the people who died in the disaster is _______.A. more than 18,500B. over 470,000C. over 16,000D. more than 2,50022. What are the three disasters rolling into one?A. Nuclear power, tsunami and earthquake.B. Flood, earthquake and tsunami.C. Flood, tsunami and nuclear power.D. Earthquake, tsunami and nuclear radiation.23. Which of the following statements is true?A. In Fukushima, more than 10,000 families still cannot return home.B. The disaster forced Japan to open all of its nuclear power plants.C. Japanese authorities were forced to do more after the disaster.D. Chikara Yoshida and his daughter posted a petition on the Associated Press.24. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Japanese government will make measures in reconstruction efforts in hard-hit northern communities.B. People complained that reconstruction efforts in hard-hit northern Japanese communities have been too slow.C. People in hard-hit northern communities have had a happy life since the disaster.D. Japanese government can’t afford such a large sum of money in reconstruction efforts.BEnter for a chance to win a Montana adventureImagine yourself hiking on the same route that Lewis and Clark once explored, fly fishing and whitewater rafting (激浪漂流) in beautiful lakes and rivers, learning how to speak Blackfeet, digging for ancient dinosaur remains, and standing at the edge of a 6,000-year-old glacier (冰川) in Glacier National Park. You have the chance to do all of this and much more with the National Geographic Kids Hands-On Explorer Challenge Expedition Team. The Hands-On Explorer Challenge is heading west in 2016 to Montana.HIKE!Montana is home to many species of plants and animals. Follow in the footsteps of legendary explorers and get a close-up view of waterfalls, wildflowers, and wildlife.DIG!Some of the most important dinosaur discoveries have been found in Montana. You’ll discover treasures yo urself as you dig for ancient dinosaur remains in Montana’s High Plains.CULTURE!Montana has eleven Native American tribes (部落)―each one filled with a unique heritage (遗产) and lots of rich traditions. View the world as they see it through their dances, songs, food, games, and languages.HOW TO ENTER1. Write an original, personal essay in English of no more than 300 words telling us how you explore your world and what itis about exploration that inspires and excites you.2. Take a photograph of what, where, or how you explored the subject of your essay.3. Enter by January 7, 2016. Open to kids who will be ages 9—14 as of July 1, 2016.4. Send your entry (参赛) form, essay, and photo (as described in the Official Rules) to: NG Kids Hands-On ExplorerChallenge, National Geographic Kids magazine/CDH, 1145 17th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036. FOR MORE INFORMA TION, GO TO /KIDS/CONTESTS/EXPLORER- TRIP-2016.25. What is true about Montana?A. It is home to many species of plants and animals.B. It is Lewis and Clark’s hometown.C. Its Native American tribes share the same culture.D. It has many elephant discoveries.26. If you want to enter the contest, you must ______.A. be over 14 years oldB. send a photo with your essayC. have rich exploration experienceD. write an English article over 300 words27. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To provide travel information.B. To describe Montana’s scenery.C. To announce a kid competition.D. To suggest some outdoor activities.CA ＂match of the century＂between human champion of the Chinese board game Go (围棋) and Google’s computer program kicked off in Seoul on Wednesday, which drew great attention.The first game of the five-game match started at about 1 p.m. local time (0400 GMT) at Four Seasons Hotel in central Seoul. It will run through next Tuesday to determine the winner between South Korean Lee Sedol, the world Go champion in the past 10 years, and AlphaGo, developed by Google’s London-based subsidiary DeepMind.The match of the century drew great attention from news organizations, Go fans and the general public across the world as well as in South Korea as it is seen as a representative match between humans and artificial intelligence (AI).The Korea Baduk Association, a body for South Korean Go professionals, had received advance applications for an explanatory event of the match, but the limit of 60 seats had already surpassed.South Korea’s public broadcaster KBS plans to broadcast live the match from 12:40 to 5 p.m., extending its initial (最初的) plan to air it for two hours from 3 p.m. due to great interests from the general public. It is unusual for the public broadcaster to broadcast live the Go game for more than four hours.Cable channel TV Chosun will broadcast the match’s development every 10 minutes on Wednesday and Thursday, while planning to air live the whole matches on Saturday and Sunday.The match is being aired live through YouTube around the world, while various Internet websites and TVs are broadcasting the landmark match.Hundreds of journalists from around the world gathered at the venue (体育比赛场所) to report on the match between Lee and AlphaGo.AlphaGo took the world by surprise as it defeated European Go champion Fan Hui in October last year. Some experts had predicted it would take decades of years for AI to defeat humans at the ancient Chinese board game.Go, which originated in China more than 2,500 years ago, has been viewed as a grand challenge for AI due to its complexity and intuitive nature. It involves two players, who take turns putting markers (围棋子) on a grid-shaped board to gain more areas on it. One can occupy the markers of the opponent by surrounding the pieces of the other.28. What does the underlined phrase ＂kicked off＂mean?A. Started.B. Stayed.C. Closed.D. Finished.29. Why did the match draw so much attention in the world?A. Because the match was the first one between humans and AlphaGo.B. Because it is seen as a representative match between humans and AI.C. Because it would take decades of years for AI to defeat humans at the ancient Chinese board game.D. Because many TVs broadcast live the game.30. The following statements are true except _______.A. there are five matches between South Korean Lee Sedol and AlphaGoB. AlphaGo gave the world a surprise by defeating European Go champion Fan Hui in October last yearC. Go originated in China more than 2,500 years agoD. cable channel TV Chosun will broadcast all the five games31. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Go match between human champion and Google’s AI draws wide attentionB. Humans challenge artificial intelligenceC. Human Go champion will defeat Google’s AI AlphaGo in Go gamesD. Report competition from all over the world become fierce in Go gamesDIn this season for thanks and giving, even the most thoughtful children may not offer much gratitude for what they receive. And you’d be wise not to expect it. All the research I’ve done has convinced me that it’s not going to happen.As parents, we don’t consider our holiday gifts an ＂exchange relationship＂since we know the time, money, and effort we put in to buy them. But kids have a different view. One mom told me that when she asked her 16-year-old son to thank her for buying him a cellphone, he said, ＂But that’s what moms should do, isn’t it?＂From a teenager’s view, it’s a parent’s responsibility to take care of the family, and playing Santa is part of the job.According to Yarrow Dunham, Yale’s assistant profess or of Psychology, ＂When teenagers code it that way, a gift is no longer something given freely and voluntarily —it’s just mom and dad’s living up to their obligation.＂Kids can’t know how blessed they are unless they have a basis for comparison. We need t o give our children the gift of a wider world view. Take them to a soup kitchen instead of to the mall. Become the secret Santa for a needy family. Show by example that gratitude isn’t about stuff —which ultimately can’t make any of us happy anyway. It’s about realizing how lucky you are.Set up a family ritual at bedtime where kids describe three things that made them grateful. When kids go off to college, you can text them a picture of something that inspires your appreciation each week. Whether it’s a f riend, a snowflake, or a sunset, the spirit of the photos will help you and them see the world differently.Teaching children to focus on the positive and appreciate the goodness in their lives is perhaps the greatest gift we can give them. And we can all learn together that the things that really matter aren’t on sale at a department store.32. Children express no thanks for gifts because _______.A. they regard them as an ＂exchange relationship＂B. they think badly of the giftsC. children are not as considerate as adultsD. gifts are not what they expect33. Parents should make the kids know how blessed they are by _______.A. buying them a cellphoneB. becoming the secret Santa for a needy familyC. taking them to a soap factory instead of to the mallD. texting them a picture of something that inspires your appreciation each week34. To make children grateful for what they have, parents should _______.A. set an example to childrenB. teach them not to care about giftsC. ask children to cook themselvesD. describe things they are grateful for35. As far as the author is concerned, no gifts are greater than _______.A. helping kids see the world differentlyB. learning together things that matterC. teaching kids to think positivelyD. making kids realize they are lucky第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。