虚拟语气讲解和专项练习题

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虚拟语气讲解及练习题(含答案和解释)

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。

例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。

英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习

必备英语英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习一、初中英语虚拟语气1．----What can I do with so much money?----If I _______ you, I _______ give it away to charity.A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。

句意你如何处理这些钱？如果我是你，我会把它捐给慈善机构。

表示对现在的虚拟，if引导的从句用一般过去时，语句用would do ,故选C项。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：如果天气是好的，我们的运动会就不会推迟了。

这里是虚拟语气，根据wouldn’t可知这是对现在的虚拟，在条件状语中对现在的虚拟用were；put down 镇压，记下；put up提供； put off推迟。

根据句意故选D。

考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。

2． If I ＿＿you . I＿＿study harder.A．am , will B．was, would C．were, would D．were, will【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会更努力学习。

这个句子要用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。

所以用过去式were, would,故选C。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

3．If I ______ you, I ______invite him to go to see a movie.A．am;would B．were;will C．were;would D．was;will【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会邀请他去看电影。

go to see a movie去看电影；invite sb to do邀请某人做某事；在表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，Be用were,主句用would。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

4．If I ___ you, I ___ be afraid .A．was, wouldn’t B．were, won’t C．were, wouldn’t【答案】C【解析】试题分析：根据语境可知此句的含义是如果我是你，我就不害怕。

虚拟语气讲解及专项练习题

虚拟语气一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1.表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果如：If I were a boy, I would join the army. If she had time, she should go with you.2.表示与过去的事实相反的假设和结果如：If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.3.表示与将来事实相反的假设和结果如: If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.4.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。

如：If I were you, I would not have missed the film last night.If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. (从句---用过去,主句---用现在)5. 虚拟条件句可以转换成下列形式:(1)用介词代替条件状语从句, 常见的介词有with , without, but for(若/要不是)有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。

如: Without air (If there were not air), there would be no living things.But for your help (If it hadn’t been for your help) I couldn’t have do ne it.What would you do with a million dollars (if you had a million dollars?)(2) 假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来。

高中英语虚拟语气详解和练习(含答案解析)

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

高考英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习含答案

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

人教版英语英语虚拟语气技巧全解及练习题(含答案)

人教版英语英语必备英语虚拟语气技巧全解及练习题(含答案)一、初中英语虚拟语气1．If I ____ a candle, I would light the world bright.A．am B．are C．be D．were【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是一根蜡烛，我将点亮这个世界。

if I were 如果我是…，were虚拟语气，be动词都用were,故选D考点：if条件句的虚拟语气点评：if条件句的虚拟语气，是中考要求掌握的知识点，分为三种情况：表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用一般过去式（be用were），主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。

2． If I ＿＿you . I＿＿study harder.A．am , will B．was, would C．were, would D．were, will【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会更努力学习。

这个句子要用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。

所以用过去式were, would,故选C。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

3．If I _____ one million dollars, I________ travel around the world with my parents. A．have; will B．had; will C．had; will D．had; would【答案】D【解析】试题分析：如果我有一百万美元，我要和我的父母环游世界。

结合语境可知主句描述的是将来动作，用将来时态。

虚拟语气讲解以及练习

虚拟语气的用法一、非真实条件句1. 虚拟语气可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况，时态的基本特点是时态往后推移有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件句叫做混合条件句If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。

（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。

）1. If it had rained last night（过去）, it would be very cold today （现在）.如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。

2. If you’d listened to me , you wouldn’t be in such trouble now . 如果你听了我的话，你现在也不会这样麻烦了3. If it hadn’t been for her care , I should not be speaking to you now. 要不是她照顾我，我也不会在这里和你讲话4. If the doctor had come in time , Amy would still be alive . 如果医生及时赶到，AMY现在还活着。

三、含蓄条件句：含蓄条件句是指非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来,只暗含在上下文中。

常见的表达方式有:1. 介词及介词短语 but for, without , with ,等But for his pension , he would starve .要不是有养老金，他都要饿死了Without your help , I couldn’t have achieved all this . 要不是有你帮助我不会取得这些成就With his aid , you would succeed . 如果有了他的帮助，你就会成功。

虚拟语气讲解及练习题(含答案和解释)

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

高考英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习含答案

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

虚拟语气讲解及练习

虚拟语气的讲解和用法以及练习题虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测、建议或与事实不符的假设等，也可以表示可能性较小的情况或不可能发生的情况，而不是客观存在的事实（表示客观事实要用陈述语气）。

虚拟语气是由句中谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的。

虚拟语气常用于复合句中，也可用于简单句。

一、if引导的虚拟条件句I. 表示与现在相反:主句：If + 动词过去式(were, did, had, etc.),从句：should / would / could / might + 动词原形e.g.If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.If I were you, I would give an AIDS patient a hug.II. 表示与过去相反:主句：If + had + 过去分词,从句：should / would / could / might + have + 过去分词e.g.If she had told him about the danger, he would not have got hurt.If I had known more about giving first aid, I could have helped them.III. 表示与将来相反:①主句：If + 动词过去式(were, did, had, etc.),从句：should / would / could / might + 动词原形e.g.If the teacher asked me to solve the problem next time, I could try my best.②主句：If + should +动词原形,从句：should / would / could / might + 动词原形e.g. If he shouldfail in the experiment this time, he would try again.③主句：If + were to +动词原形,从句：should / would / could / might +动词原形e.g. If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.If引导的虚拟条件句应该注意的问题1.错综时态虚拟条件句如果从句所假设的谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词发生的时间不一致, 这种假设条件句叫错综时间条件虚拟语气. 其主句和从句谓语动词的构成要根据所假设的时间而定.1) If I had taken the medicine, I would be better now. 如果我服用了那种药的话, 现在就会好些了.2) If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. 如果(前些日子)天气更好些, 庄稼一定会长得更好.2. 含蓄条件句有些条件是由一些短语引出的(but for, with, without; otherwise, or, but, etc,) 1) We couldn’t have achieved so much without your help (= If we had not had your help).2) Without solar radiation, animals and plants would die.3) With better equipment, we could have done it better.4) But for electricity (= If there were no electricity), there would be no modern industry.5) I should have returned the book last week, but I was so busy that I forgot to do so.6) He was having a meeting; otherwise he would have come over to help us.7) He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have attended the party.注意：在某些隐含的虚拟条件简单句中, 虚拟语气可通过上下文表现出来. 谓语动词用虚拟形式，如：1) Any men in his position would have done like that.2) You should (ought to) have come earlier.3. 省略if的虚拟条件句如果if虚拟条件句中含有were/should/had的话，则可以省略if，此时应将这三个词放在句首，采用倒装语序。

高中虚拟语气练习题及讲解

高中虚拟语气练习题及讲解1. 题目：假如你昨天没有忘记带手机，你就不会错过那个重要的电话。

答案：If you hadn't forgotten to bring your phone yesterday, you wouldn't have missed that important call.2. 题目：如果他没有生病，他就会参加我们的聚会。

答案：If he hadn't fallen ill, he would have joined our party.3. 题目：如果我有足够的钱，我就会买下那栋房子。

答案：If I had enough money, I would buy that house.4. 题目：如果她没有迟到，她就不会错过那趟火车。

答案：If she hadn't been late, she wouldn't have missedthe train.5. 题目：如果他们没有取消会议，我们就会讨论这个问题。

答案：If they hadn't canceled the meeting, we would have discussed this issue.6. 题目：假如我们昨天没有下雨，我们就去野餐了。

答案：If it hadn't rained yesterday, we would have gonefor a picnic.7. 题目：如果他没有努力学习，他就不会通过考试。

答案：If he hadn't studied hard, he wouldn't have passedthe exam.8. 题目：如果我没有收到你的邮件，我就不会知道这个消息。

答案：If I hadn't received your email, I wouldn't have known the news.9. 题目：假如我们提前出发，我们就不会迟到。

初中虚拟语气讲解及专项练习与答案(带解析)

初中虚拟语气讲解及专项练习与答案(带解析)虚拟语气专练1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier you _____ him.A. wasB. wereC. has beenD. had beenA. have laid there for two hoursB. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain therefor two hours 7.I wish that I _____ with you last night.A. wentB. could goC. have goneD. could have gone ’s say you could go there again how _____ feelA. will youB. should youC. would youD. do you can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.A. knewB. knowsC. has knownD. had known the fog we should have reached our school.A. Because ofB. In spite ofC. In case ofD. But for you had told me in advance I _____ him at the airport.A. would meetB. would had metC. would have metD. would have meetcan take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____ me how.A. teachesB. will teachC. has taughtD. would teachwould have told him the answer had it been possible but I_____ so busy then.A. had beenB. wereC. wasD. would be ’s working hard for fear that he _____.A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fallen behind 15.If it _____ another ten minutes the game would have been called off.A. had rainedB. would have rainedC. have seenD. rained suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.A. ShouldB. wouldC. doD. hadfather did not go to New York the doctor suggested that he _____ there.A. had hadB. have hadC. hadD. would have had you rather I _____ buying a new bikeA. decided againstB. will decide againstC. have decidedD. shall decide againstA. go to sleepB. went to sleepC. go to bedD. went to bed21.—Why didn’t you buy a new car —I would have bought one if I _____ enough money.A. hadB. have hadC. would haveD. had had she could sew _____.A. she make a dressB. she would have made a shirtC. she will make a shirtD. she would had made a coat today he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves doctor suggested that he _____ a short trip abroad.A. will takeB. would takeC. takeD. tookBakers arrived las t night. If they’d only let us know earlier_____ at the station.A. we’d meet themB. we’ll meet themC. we’d have met themD. we’ve met themI _____ you I _____ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was shall payB. am will payC. would be would payD. were would pay might have failed if you _____ us a helping hand.A. have not givenB. would not giveC. had not givenD. did not give law requires that everyone _____ his car checked at least once a year.A. hasB. hadC. haveD. will have is strange that he _____ so.A. would sayB. would speakC. should sayD. will speak I known her name _____A. or does she know mineB. and where does she liveC. she would be beautiful.D. I would have invited her to lunch. 31.He has just arrived but he talks as if he _____ all about that. A. know B. knows C. known D. knew32.If I _____ the money I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessedB. ownedC. hadD. had had33.He was very busy yesterday otherwise he _____ to the meeting.librarian insists that John _____ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed.A. will takeB. tookC. takeD. takes35.I left very early last night but I wish I _____ so early.A. hadB. didn’t haveC. had hadD. havewish that you _____ suc h a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. hadn’tB. didn’t have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t have insisted that we all _____ in his office at one o’clock.A. beB. to beC. would beD. shall becouldn’t go to France after all. That’s too bad. I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if _____.A. she’s goneB. she’ll goC. she’d goneD. she’d gomust go there earlier. John has suggested that I _____ an hour before the discussion begins.A. goB. shall goC. will goD. would go英语虚拟语气讲解语气 (mood) 是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。

虚拟语气讲解和练习(附答案)

虚拟语气讲解和练习（附答案）概念理解一、动词的语气语气用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

英语中的语气(mood)1.陈述语气Where there is a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。

Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗？How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊！2.祈使语气Come this way, please! 请这边走。

Don't make any noise, will you 别吵，行吗？Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。

3.虚拟语气If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。

I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。

May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！知识清单清单一、条件句中的虚拟语气A．真实条件句If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来，我们就不等他了。

If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property. 过去发生洪水的话，常有很大的生命和财产损失。

We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去那里。

I'll let you use my bike on condition that you keep it clean. 如果你能保持车子干净，我就让你用我的自行车。

高考英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习含答案

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

高考英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习含答案

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

虚拟语气讲解及练习(有答案)

虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法三点：从句（条件）主句（目的）表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were）If I had time, I would attendthe meeting.主语+would(should couldmight)+动词原型表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句If+主语+had+动词的过去分词If he had hurried ,he couldhave caught the train.主语+would（should couldmight）+have+动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形3、If+主语+should +动词原形If I were to go abroad ,I wouldgo to America.主语+would（could shouldmight）+动词原型错综时间条件句——主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.though引导的方式状语从句中表示与将来事实相反，(表示将来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词原形He acts as if he could win in the game .注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。

例：He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though或as if引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。

英语虚拟语气习题集(带讲解和答案)

英语虚拟语气习题集1. If I ______ a millionaire, I would travel around the world.A. wasB. wereC. will beD. would be2. I wish I ______ taller so that I could play basketball professionally.A. amB. wasC. wereD. will be3. If only he ______ harder, he might have passed the exam.A. studiesB. studiedC. had studiedD. would have studied4. She acts as if she ______ the queen of the world.A. isB. wasC. wereD. would be5. I would buy that car if I ______ enough money.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have6. If I ______ you, I would start looking for a new job.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be7. He talks as though he ______ a professor.A. isB. wasC. wereD. would be8. I wish I ______ more time to spend with my family.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have9. If they ______ harder, they could have won the game.A. triedB. tryC. had triedD. would try10. She would feel better if she ______ some rest.A. getsB. gotC. will getD. would get11. If I ______ the chance, I would move to a different country.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have12. I wish I ______ better at public speaking.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be13. If he ______ harder, he could have achieved his goals.A. workedB. worksC. had workedD. would work14. She acts as if she ______ the only person in the room.A. isB. wasC. wereD. would be15. If I ______ you, I wouldn't trust that person.B. wasC. wereD. would be16. I wish I ______ a better understanding of quantum physics.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have17. If they ______ more time, they could finish the project earlier.A. hadB. haveC. will haveD. would have18. She would be happier if she ______ a job she enjoyed.A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. would have19. If I ______ a million dollars, I would invest in real estate.A. winB. wonC. had wonD. would win20. I wish I ______ better at time management.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be21. If he ______ the directions carefully, he wouldn't have gotten lost.A. followedB. followsC. had followedD. would follow22. She acts as though she ______ the boss.A. isB. wasD. would be23. If I ______ you, I would take a different approach.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be24. I wish I ______ a better understanding of advanced mathematics.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have25. If they ______ harder, they could have achieved better results.A. triedB. tryC. had triedD. would try26. She would be more successful if she ______ better time management skills.A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. would have27. If I ______ enough money, I would start my own business.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have28. I wish I ______ better at playing the guitar.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be29. If he ______ more practice, he could have become a professional athlete.A. hadB. hasC. will haveD. would have30. She acts as if she ______ the most important person in the room.A. isB. wasC. wereD. would be31. If I ______ you, I would take a vacation.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be32. I wish I ______ a better understanding of foreign languages.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have33. If they ______ more effort, they could have achieved their goals.A. putB. putsC. had putD. would put34. She would be healthier if she ______ a balanced diet.A. followsB. followedC. will followD. would follow35. If I ______ a million dollars, I would donate to charity.A. winB. wonC. had wonD. would win36. I wish I ______ better at solving complex problems.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be37. If he ______ the instructions carefully, he wouldn't have broken the machine.A. followedB. followsC. had followedD. would follow38. She acts as though she ______ the only one who knows the answer.A. isB. wasC. wereD. would be39. If I ______ you, I would reconsider my decision.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be40. I wish I ______ a better understanding of computer programming.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have41. If they ______ more time, they could have completed the project on time.A. hadB. haveC. will haveD. would have42. She would be happier if she ______ a job she loved.A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. would have43. If I ______ enough money, I would buy a house.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have44. I wish I ______ better at managing stress.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be45. If he ______ more practice, he could have become a successful musician.A. hadB. hasC. will haveD. would have46. She acts as if she ______ the only one who matters.A. isB. wasC. wereD. would be47. If I ______ you, I would seek professional advice.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be48. I wish I ______ a better understanding of environmental issues.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have49. If they ______ more effort, they could have achieved better results.A. putB. putsC. had putD. would put50. She would be more successful if she ______ better networking skills.A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. would have好的,下面是50道题的完整解答:1. B - were。

虚拟语气讲解及练习题(含答案和解释)

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

高考英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习含答案

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

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虚拟语气一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：条件状语从句主句与现在事实相反一般过去时(be用were) should /would/could/might +动词原形与过去事实相反had + 过去分词would/should/could/might +have done与将来事实相反一般过去时(be用were)should + 动词原形were to + 动词原形would/should/cold/might + 动词原形1.表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果如：If I were a boy, I would join the army. If she had time, she should go with you.2.表示与过去的事实相反的假设和结果如：If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.3.表示与将来事实相反的假设和结果如: If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.4.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。

如：If I were you, I would not have missed the film last night.If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now.(从句---用过去,主句---用现在)5. 虚拟条件句可以转换成下列形式:(1)用介词代替条件状语从句, 常见的介词有with , without, but for(若/要不是)有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。

如: Without air (If there were not air), there would be no living things.But for your help (If it hadn’t been for your help) I couldn’t have done it.What would you do with a million dollars (if you had a million dollars?)(2) 假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来。

如: I was busy that day.Otherwise I would have gone there with them. (If I hadn’t beenbusy that day, I would have gone there with them.)I would have finished the work, but I was ill. (If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.) 我本来该完成这项工作的，但我生病了。

6. If虚拟条件句的倒装省略连词if。

在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。

如: Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up.Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it.Had he taken my advice(If he had taken…), he would have succeeded.二．虚拟语气用于名词性从句①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。

表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had +过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。

如：I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird.②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词insist、command、order、suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、request、等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。

如:She suggested we (should)leave here at once.The doctor ordered she (should) be operated.2.虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。

作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should） + 动词原形”。

如：His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.3.虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。

在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should + 动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。

如：It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day.It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。

如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。

反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。

如：It is pity that you can’t swim.三．虚拟语气在其它场合的运用1.虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。

如：He did it as if he were an expert.Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.2. 虚拟语气用于定语从句中。

这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that) …”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should + 动词原形，意思是“(现在)该……”。

如：It’s time that I picked up my daughter.It’s high time weshould go / went to school.3. 虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。

如：If only I were a bird. If only I had taken his advice.4. 在一些习惯表达中如：would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型。

从句的谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。

在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。

其意为“宁愿……,还是……好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。

如：I’d rather you left right away.Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you came next weekend.Frankly, I’d rather youhad said nothing about it at the meeting yesterday.5.用“may + 动词原形”表示"祝愿"、"但愿”，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。

如：May you be happy!祝你快乐！May good luck be yours.祝你顺利。

虚拟语气练习题( A )1. If I _____ you, I wouldn’t return the call. A. be B. am C. was D. were2. If I _____ the way to New York, I _____.A. knew ; would driveB. knew; will driveC. knew; would have driveD. had known; would drive3. Don't touch the sleeping tiger. If he woke up, he _______ you.A. would attackB. should attackC. would have attackedD. will attack4. If I _____ you, I _____ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was/ shall payB. am/ will payC. would be/ would payD. were/ would pay5. --- I thought you would come back tomorrow. --- I would if I _____ to attend a meeting.A. don’t haveB. didn’t haveC. will not haveD. would not have6. Mary is ill today. If she _____ , she ____ absent from school.A. were not ill; wouldn' t beB. had been ill; wouldn't have beenC. had been ill; should have beenD. hadn't been ill; could be( B )7. If you had told me in advance, I ______ him at the airport.A. would meetB. would had meetC. would have metD. would have meet8. If it ______ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.A. had rainedB. would had rainedC. have seenD. did see9. I would have gone to the meeting if I _____ time.A. had hadB. have hadC. hadD. would have had10. The Bakers arrived last night, i f they’d let us know earlier,______ at the station.A. we’d meet themB. we’ll meet themC. we’d have met themD. we’ve met them11. If I had known that, I ______ so.A. wouldn’t doB. wouldn’t have doneC. won’t doD. have not done12. ---Helen couldn’t got to France after all.---That’s too bad, I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if _______.A. she’s goneB. she’ll goC. she’d goneD. she’d go13. She couldn’t have answered the question if she ______ a few books on world history.A. hadn’t readB. hasn’t readC. wouldn’t readD. didn’t read14. We might have failed if you _______ us a helping hand.A. have not givenB. would not giveC. had not givenD. did not give15. You did not let me drive. If we _______in turn, you _______ so tiredA. drove; didn’t getB. drove; wouldn’t getC. were driving; wouldn’t getD. had driven ; wouldn’t have got( C )16 If he ______ to the teacher attentively, he _______ the answer to the problem now.A. had listened, would have knownB. listened, would knowC. listened, would have knownD. had listened, would know17. If you were old enough, I ______ you to go there yesterday.A. will allowB. should allowC. would have allowedD. had allowed18. If it _____ for the snow, we ________ the mountain yesterday.A. were not; could have climbedB. were not; could climbC. had not been; could have climbedD. had not been; could climb( D )19. ______more careful, his ship would not have sunk.A. If the captain wereB. Had the captain beenC. Should the captain beD. If the captain would have been20. _____it rain tomorrow，we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Will21. ______, I would take an umbrella with me.A. Had I been youB. I were youC. Were I youD. I had been you22. ______ no air or water, there would be no life in the world.A. Were thereB. There areC. There wasD. Is there23. Had I known her name, ________.A. or does she know mine?B. and where does she live?C. she would be beautifulD. I would have invited her to lunch24. ______ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves25. _____ it _____ for your help, I couldn’t have made any progress.A. Were; notB. Had; not beenC. Should; not beenD. Did; be26. ______ for the free tickets，I would not have gone to the film so often.A. If it is notB. Were it notC. Had it not beenD. If they were not27. ____ I to tell her about it, she would be very glad.A. ShouldB. WouldC. WereD. Might( E )28. Without your help, I _____ in my English study.A. would not have succeededB. hadn’t succeededC. will not succeedD. won’t have succeeded29. Without electricity, human life _____ quite different today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be30 . Without sunlight or water or air, there _____ no life on the earth.A. will haveB. would beC. should beD. must be31. Without the air to hold some of the s un’s heat,the earth at night___,too cold for us to live. A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldlyC. would be frozen coldD. can freeze coldly32. But for your advice, I_____ into trouble.A. would getB. gotC. might have gotD. should get33. But for the snow, we _______ earlier.A. will arriveB. should have arrivedC. arriveD. arrived34. ---Where have you been? ---I got caught in the traffic; _____ I could have been here soon.A. otherwiseB. howeverC. thoughD. anyway35. John was very busy last week, otherwise, he _________ to attend the meeting.A. would have comeB. would comeC. should comeD. came36. I would have come earlier, but I ______ that you were waiting for me.A. didn’t knowB. hadn’t knowC. would have knownD. haven’t known37. I would have gone there with you but I _____ too tired then.A. wereB. had beenC. wasD. have been38.I should very much like to have gone to the party but I ______.A. am not invitedB. was not invitedC. shall not be invitedD. am not being invited(F)39. The boy acted ______ he had never lived in Canada before.A. as thoughB. even ifC. asD. since40. I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _______ everything.A. knewB. knowsC. has knownD. had known41. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it ________.A. breaksB. has brokenC.were brokenD. had been broken42. The thief closed his eyes _____ he _____ dying.A. even if; wasB. even though; would beC. when; had beenD. as if; were43. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth. A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D. be circling44. If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.A. had knownB. would knowC. should knowD. knew45 If only I _____ your advice! A. had taken B. took C. would take D. have taken46. She wishes she ____ to the theatre last night.A. wentB. would goC. had goneD. were going47. Tom is very short now. His mother wishes that he ________ be tall when he grows up.A. couldB. shouldC. wouldD. were able to48. I’d rather you ______ right away. A. leave B. left C. will leave D. to leave49. Don’t come this afternoon. I’d rather you _____ tomorrow.A. comeB. to comeC. cameD. will come50. Frankly, I’d rather you ______ nothing about it at the meeting yesterday. A. said B. had said C. said D. should51. She would rather _______ more money on books _______ on clothes.A. cost; notB. to spare; don’ｔC. pay; thanD. spend; than52. Isn’t it about time that you ________ to pick up the visitors from New York?A. wentB. shall goC. goD. will go53. It is high time we ___ up our results. A. sum B. summed C. will sum D. would sum( G )54. I recommended that the student ________ his composition as soon as possible.A. finishing writingB. should finish the writingC. finish writingD. finished writing55. The Law requires that everyone ______ his car checked at least once a year.A. hasB. had C will have D. have56. He demanded that the laboratory report ____ immediately after the experiment was done.A. was writtenB. be writtenC. must be writtenD. would be written.57. She insisted that she ________ ill of him behind him，but he didn’t believe it.A. hadn’t spokenB. shouldn’t speakC.wouldn’t speakD. not speak58. The librarian insists that John _______ no more books from the library before he returnsall the books he had borrowed. A. will take B. took C. take D. takes59. The young man insisted that he ______ nothing wrong and ______ free immediately.A. did; setB. had done; should be setC. do; be setD. had done; must be set60. My sister advised me that I _____ accept the invitation.A. couldB. mustC. shouldD. might61.Our monitor requested that ________.A. all the class studied more carefully the problemB. the problem was more carefully studiedC. with great care the problem could be studiedD. all the class study the problem more carefully62. It was ordered that no smoking _____ in the library.A. is allowedB. be allowedC. should allowD. will be allowed63. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _____ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given64. The old professor gave orders that the experiment _____ before 6.A. was finishedB. will finishC. be finishedD. shall be finished65. The secretary suggested that they _____ the men in at once.A. had broughtB. should have broughtC. broughtD. bring66. His silence at the meeting suggested that he ________ to your plan.A. didn’t agreeB. hadn’t agreedC. wouldn’t agreeD. not agree。

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