高中英语 专题01 Great scientist(测)(基础版)新人教版必修5
高中英语 Unit1 Great scientists综合检测 新人教版必修5
高中英语 Unit1 Great scientists综合检测新人教版必修5（满分100分）Ⅰ．单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1．Cars do cause us some health problems—in fact far more serious ______ than mobile phones do.A．one B．onesC．it D．those2．I don't think he will pass the exam，______？A．do I B．don't IC．will he D．won't he3．______ the ending，it's a really good film.A．Apart from B．As well asC．Besides D．Instead of4．What do you think of the suggestion ______ by the expert?A．put forward B．put up withC．put off D．put out5．—Can I help you，sir?—Yes，I bought this radio here yesterday，but it ______.A．didn't work B．won't workC．can't work D．doesn't work6．From the ______ look of the boys，I found they were ______.A．satisfying；satisfied B．satisfying；satisfyingC．satisfied；satisfied D．satisfied；satisfying7．The result of this discussion will be ______ tomorrow.A．published B．declaredC．announced D．opened8．Before using the machine，you must ______ carefully to these instructions.A．join B．join inC．take part in D．attend9．With the world ______ fast，we have something new to face every day.A．changed B．changingC．change D．to change10．The bridge being built now will link our town ______ that big city.A．over B．onC．to D．about11．It is widely believed that laughter has ______ effect on physical and mental health.A．positive B．popularC．energetic D．sensitive12．Our monitor is not only strict ______ us，but also cautious ______ expressing her ideas in public.A．with；in B．on；ofC．with；about D．in；about13．It is human being rather than pigs that are ______ for the disastrous H1N1 flu circling the globe.A．to be blamed B．to have blamedC．blaming D．to blame14．No matter how I tried to read it，I just couldn't make ______ of this sentence.A．meaning B．thoughtC．sense D．idea15．Don't stop ______ you come to a word or a phrase you don't know.A．for the first time B．becauseC．every time D．sinceⅡ．完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）A successful scientist is generally a good observer.He makes full __16__ of the facts he observes.He doesn't accept ideas which are not __17__ on obvious facts，and therefore refuses to accept authority（权威）as the only __18__ for truth.He always __19__ ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.The rise of __20__ science may perhaps be considered to __21__ as far back as the __22__ of Roger Bacon，the wonderful philosopher of Oxford，who lived __23__ the years 1214 and 1292.He was probably the first in the Middle __24__ to suggest that we shoul d learn science __25___ observing and experimenting on the things around us，and he himself __26__ many important discoveries.Galileo，however，who lived more than 300 years later，was the greatest of several great men，__27__ lived in Italy，France，Germany or England，began by __28__ to show how many important __29__ could be discovered by o bservation.Before Galileo，learned men believed that large bodies fell more __30__ towards the earth than small ones，__31__ Aristotle said so.But Galileo，going to the __32__ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa，let fall two __33__ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong.It was Galileo's __34__ of going direct to N ature，and proving our __35__ and theories by experiments，that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.16．A．use B．time C．speed D．trust17．A．worked B．based C．lived D．written18．A．reason B．cause C．advice D．result19．A．thinks B．checks C．has D．learns20．A．natural B．physical C．ancient D．modern21．A．date B．keep C．look D．take22．A．study B．time C．year D．birth23．A．both B．each C．between D．among24．A．Schools B．Ages C．Days D．Countries25．A．in B．with C．on D．by26．A．did B．made C．took D．gave27．A．who B．when C．that D．where28．A．ways B．degrees C．levels D．chance29．A．truths B．problems C．people D．subjects30．A．slowly B．rapidly C．lightly D．heavily31．A．when B．because C．although D．if32．A．place B．foot C．top D．ceiling33．A．big B．small C．equal D．unequal34．A．spirit B．skill C．theory D．discovery35．A．plans B．opinions C．world D．abilityⅢ．阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）AScientists in the United States have developed a computer program that they say could provide an early warning of major earthquakes.The new system is designed to give warnings seconds before an earthquake strikes.That may not sound like very long.However，it could give people time to get under a table or take shelter someplace safe.The flow of electric power or gas could becut off.Air traffic controllers could warn away pilots.Even socalled “smart buildings” could be de signed to get ready.The system uses a mathematical program to measure information collected by instruments deployed across the Los Angeles area.Southern California has more than 150 seismic（地震的）stations that measure movements within the ground.The information they collect is sent to a highspeed computer.An earthquake shakes the ground with two kinds of waver.The new system uses information from a lowenergy wave that moves quickly but causes little damage.Experts call thi s the Pwave.The slower but stronger Swave is the main threat to life and property.Japan has a system based on Pwaves.There，the warnings are used to slow down highspeed b ullet trains.Other countries have warning systems that measure Swaves.The new system is designed to estimate the strength of the earthquake once the shaking starts.Areas directly above the center of the earthquake would have the least warning.Distant places might have as long as forty seconds.The scientists are still testing their proposed system in the Los Angeles area.Professor Allen notes that an early warning system for earthquakes would require a major campaign of public education.36．Which of the following is TRUE about the new earthquake warning system?A．It can give people enough time to run away from earthquakes.B．It can give people seconds to take immediate measures.C．It is developed in Japan.D．It is a system based on Swaves.37．Which of the following can benefit from the new system most?A．Areas far away from the center of the earthquake.B．Areas directly above the center of the earthquake.C．The Los Angeles area.D．Highspeed bullet trains.38．From what Professor Allen notes in the last paragraph we can infer that ______.A．it's very important for people to become educatedB．it's very important to warn people before an earthquake startsC．it's very important for people to know about earthquakesD．it's very important for people to know about the new system39．What do we learn from the passage?A．People could cut off electric power or gas immediately after the new system gives a warning.B．A lowenergy wave may move slowly and cause little damage.C．Japan has a warning system based on Swaves to slow down bullet trains.D．The new system has been employed in warning of major earthquakes all over the United States.40．What's the BEST title fo r the passage?A．A New Earthquake Warning SystemB．Earthquakes Caused by Different Kinds of WavesC．Warning Systems in Different CountriesD．The Principle of a New Warning SystemBAlbert Einstein had a great effect on science and history，and his achievement was even greater than only a few other great scientists have achieved.An American university president once said that Einstein had made a new outlook，a new view of the universe.It may be some time before the average mind understands fully theidentity（识别）of time and space and so on—but even ordinary men now understand that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.By 1914 young Einstein had been worldfamous.He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin.He had few duties，little teaching and unlimited chances for study，but soon his peace and quietness were broken by World War Ⅰ.Einstein hated fighting and killing.The great suffering of war affected him deeply，and he sat unhappily in his office doing little.He lost interest in his research.Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the year following World War Ⅰ honors were increasingly put on him.He became head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics.But he himself refused the effort to put him in a position far above other people.He was well known for his humble（谦逊的）manner.He often said that his success would certainly have been achieved by others if he had never lived.In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize，and he was honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism（纳粹）when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.41．The main idea of the first paragraph is ______.A．the difficulty of Einstein's thought to othersB．the feeling of an American university president towards EinsteinC．the difference between science and historyD．the change in human thought produced by Einstein42．It seems to the American university president that ______.A．Einstein achieved more than any other scientist in historyB．everybody understands Einstein's scientific ideasC．the new view of the universe can be quickly learned by everyoneD．our ideas about the universe are different today because of Einstein43．Between 1914 and 1918 Einstein ______.A．received worldwide praiseB．had no chances for studyC．almost did nothing in his officeD．still continued his scientific research44．Einstein did his greatest work ______.A．when Nazism roseB．when he was youngC．during World War ⅠD．after he left EuropeCIn 1901 a German scientist named William Roentgen received the first Nobel Prize in Physics.He had discovered Xrays.He made his discovery when he noticed that in certain experiments a special kind of light was made by the cathode rays（阴极射线）hitting a screen.The other scientists working with him had noticed this light but they did not think it was important.Roentgen was the first person to ask himself questions about this special kind of light.When he examined it，he discover ed a new kind of radiation called Xrays.We often think that a creative idea suddenly comes into our heads from nowhere.This is not usually the case—it comes because we are ready to receive it.When someone asked Issac Newton how he had discovered the laws of gravity（引力），he replied，“I am certain that any mind working on a problem continuously will be prepared for the sudden answer.”Albert Einstein received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 and said that there are discoveries waiting to be made if people continue to look and study all the time.One of the problems facing creative people is that their ideas may be too new for the rest of the world.It often happens that people laugh at the work of artists and scientists.Barbara McClintock is a good example of someone who continued to think she was right although for 30 years other scientists thought that she was wrong.Finally，her work proving that genes（基因）can make sudden changes in heredity （遗传）won her the Nobel Prize in 1983.Many creative people looking for ideas or solutions find them in a visual（幻觉）form first.Elias Howe，the man who invented the sewing machine，had a big problem facing him.He could not understand how to connect the needle to the rest of the machine.Needles had always had a pointed end.One ni ght in a dream he was“attacked”by people with sharp spears（矛）．In the morning he said，“There is the answer staring me in the face！”He made a hole in the sharp end of the needle and then connected it to the sewing machine.45．We can infer from the passage that“creativity”means ______.A．the imagination to find a way of doing thingsB．the plan to make an important discoveryC．the ability to make something differentD．the power to make something new46．The writer's purpose in writing this passage is ______.A．to tell some interesting storiesB．to prove that people are creative in many waysC．to praise some great scientistsD．to explain why some people are clever47．Which of the following statements is BEST supported by the third paragraph?A．Believe in your own ideas.B．Pay attention to your dreams.C．Ask questions about everything around you.D．Collect as much information as you can.48．Which of the following statements is FALSE?A．You can be more creative if you read a lot.B．You can improve your creativity by asking lots of questions.C．You can help your creativity by getting into the habit of thinking about ordinary things.D．Doing a lot of preparation can help you be more creative.DAnthropologists are scientists that study people who often lived hundreds or even thousands of years ago.Items those men，women，and children left behind when they died—everything from clothing to jewelry and tools—tell anthropologists a lot.And sometimes even their words survive.Experts believe that a discovery in Mexico is the oldest example of writing ever found in America.The people who created it probably lived 3,000 years ago，long before Christopher Columbus arrived in the New World.Workers digging in a rock mine happened to notice a stone block with marks carved onto its surface.They found the large piece of stone near the city of Cascajal，Mexico，which was once the capital of an ancient people called the Olmec.“There are signs on the block that seem to show objects used by the Olmec during their religious ceremonies，”says Dr.Stephen H ouston，of Brown University in the USA.“There is a sign that looks very similar to a knife and another that looks like the chair of a King，”he explains.Houston，an expert on the writing systems of ancient cultures，says the discovery is exciting because“it m akes clear that the Olmec could read and write.It is likehearing voices from the past.”But experts don't know exactly what the writing says.Finding other examples of Olmec writing could help decipher the puzzle.“We could have whole sets of ancient writi ng which will basically make ancient people speak to us directly，”says Houston.“There are many puzzles to be solved，and this is just one of them.”49．According to the passage，what items do scientists often use to learn more about the past?A．Clothing and jewelry.B．Books and stones.C．Knives and chairs.D．People and animals.50．What is important about the stone block mentioned in the passage?A．It proves that people lived in this part of the world more than 3,000 years ago.B．It allows scientists to translate the ancient language used in this area.C．It is evidence of the oldest form of writing ever found in America.D．It shows the people of the area have a written language.51．Why are scientists interested in ancient languages?A．It can allow them to better understand ancient societies.B．So they can speak directly with ancient people.C．It will help learn about the origins of modern languages.D．They can learn stories told during that time.EMany parents don't love to read to their children.But there are so many professionals and PhDs doing the opposite thing.And they really promote reading to children，which is so good for children.I have found that this is true with my own children.I am not sure if it is the book or the fact that you are spending quality time with them，undivided time that they will remember for their entire life.Reading to children is one of the most bonding experiences you can have.Children enjoy sitting on your lap while your voice flows over them.As the reader it is fun to watch their little face s as they are moved with the flow of the story.They are laughing one moment and on the next page the story has moved them to tears.As the story teller，I am just as moved as they are；I am caught up in the story as our emotions flow up and down.You can easily lose a whole afternoon in reading.This is an experience that children then try to pass on to younger children，reading books to them.My daughter was so into reading that if she couldn't line up some neighbors' children she could be reading her books to，she would line up her stuffed animals and read to them.Well，she also tried to teach her neighbors and teddy bears math，and “ocean science” as she called it.She would read anything she could to them.And to my astonishment the neighbors' parents told me they really appreciated the fact that their children were doing so much better in school.52．The writer mentions the idea of professionals and PhDs so as to ______.A．introduce his own viewpointB．show the importance of his ideaC．please readersD．attract the attention of readers53．The writer mentions his own daughter in this text for the purpose of ______.A．showing the cleverness of his childrenB．explaining the advantages of reading to daughterC．telling the importance of studying together with parentsD．showing his children were interested in reading54．The writer thinks that ______.A．you should place your children on your lap while reading to themB．children's feelings change while you read books to themC．it is easy to kill time while you are reading books to childrenD．reading to children is one of the most interesting experiences55．According to the text，which of the following is NOT true about the writer's daughter?A．She lined up some neighbors' children and read to them.B．She lined up her stuffed animals and read to them.C．She would teach her teddy bears math and “ocean science”.D．She would read anything she could to her parents.附加题下面文章中有5处（第1～5题）需要添加小标题。
人教版新课标高中英语 必修五Unit 1 Great scientists 单元测试 含答案详解
Unit 1Great scientists本套试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
总分120分。
考试时间100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
AMy senior year of high school was a very hectic one, to say the least. If I wasn´t studying or worrying about my grades, I was working on after-class activities. It seemed as if my life had turned into one crazy cloud of confusion and I hoped to find some sort of direction.Finally, I got a part-time job at the local coffee shop. I had thought it would be easy and, for the most part, stress-free. I pictured myself pouring coffee and becoming close friends with my customers.What I hadn´t expected were the people with so many orders. There were moments when I was very angry simply because I couldn´t seem to please anyone. There was always too much sugar, too little ice, or not enough skim milk. However, I kept at it.One day, one of my customers came in, depressed. Before he left, I handed him a bag along with his iced coffee. He looked at me questioningly because he hadn´t ordered anything but the coffee. He opened the bag and saw his favourite doughnut (甜甜圈) I had given him. He smiled and thanked me before heading out into the rain.The next evening, he came. Instead of ordering something, he handed me a single pink rose and a note.“Thanks for being so sweet and thoughtful yesterday. It is so nice to meet someone who´s warm and unselfish. Please don´t change your ways because I truly believe that you will do better. Have a great day!”As time went on, I did come across some customers really particular. But anytime I felt depressed, I thought of that man and his kindness. Then I would smile, hold my head up high, clear my throat and ask politely, “How can I help you?”1.What does the underlined word “hectic” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Glad.B. Interesting.C. Productive.D. Busy.2.What can we know about the author´s part-time job?A. It is easy and stress-free.B. It is quite busy and challenging.C . It doesn´t need special skills. D. It gives the author a feeling of freshness.3.What´s the message the author wants to convey?A. Kind words are worth much but cost little.B. It is impossible to satisfy everyone in our life.C. A small act of kindness can make a big difference.D. Our attitude determines our suffering or our freedom.BAn idea that started in Seattle´s public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The idea is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time.In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit(爱好) to be enjoyed by all, theprogramme allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (发起)the “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” project in 1998. Her original programme used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong Kong.In Chicago, the mayor appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the “One Book, One Chicago” programme. As a result, reading clubs and neighbourhood groups sprang up around the city. Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and characters.The only problem arose in New York, where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity(一致)can be achieved.Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point, putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.As Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.4.What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?A.To invite authors to guide readers.B.To encourage people to read and share.C.To involve people in community services.D.To promote the friendship betweencities.5.Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the project?A.They had little interest in reading.B.They were too busy to read a book.C.They came from many different backgrounds.D.They lacked support from the local government.6.The underlined words “shared a word” in Paragraph 5 probably mean .A.exchanged ideas with each otherB.discussed the meaning of a wordC.gained life experienceed the same languageCScientific experiments can sometimes go wrong and when they do, the results may range from the disastrous (灾难性的) to the troubling. One such experiment took place in South America about fifty years ago. Whether its final consequences will cause serious damage or nothing more than a small trouble still remains to be seen.The story began in 1956 when an American scientist working in Brazil decided to solve the problem of increasing the productivity of that country´s bees. He imported a very active type of African bee from Tanzania and mated (交配) it with the more easy-going native variety to produce a new kind of bees. The new bees worked harder and produced twice as much honey. It seemed that Professor Kerr, which was the scientist´s name, had a total success on his hands.Then things began to go wrong. For some reason as yet unseen, but perhaps as a result of something in their environment, the new bees began to develop extremely attacking personalities. They became bad-tempered and easy to be angry. They attacked the native bees and drove them from their living places.But worse was to follow. Having taken over the countryside, the new bees, with their dangerous stings (刺), began to attack their neighbours—cats, dogs, horses, chickens and finally man himself. A long period of terror began that has so far killed a great number of animals and about 150 human beings.This would have been bad enough if the bees had stayed in Brazil. But now they are on the move, heading northwards in countless millions towards Central and North America, and moving at the alarming speed of 200 miles a year. The countries that lie in their path are naturally worried because it looks as if nothing can be done to stop them.7. The results of the South American experiment .A.are not importantB.are not yet certainC.have caused a serious troubleD.have proved to be wrong8. The experiment mentioned in this passage was designed to .A.make African bees less activeB.increase the number of bees in BrazilC.make Brazilian bees more easy-goingD.increase the amount of honey in Brazil9. Which of the following may be the cause of the new bees´ attacking personalities?A.Their bad temper.B.Their hard work.C.Their production of honey.D.Their living environment.10. The last paragraph implies that .A.the bees prefer to live in BrazilB.the bees must be stopped from moving northC.the bees may bring about trouble in more countriesD.the bees have been driven to Central and North America第二节阅读七选五(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
高中英语 专题01 Great scientist课件(基础版)新人教版必修5
【答案】 B 【解析】考查情态动词及虚拟语气。句意：简苍白的脸色说明她病了，她的父
母建议她去检查一下。suggest作“建议”讲时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气， 从句的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”；作“表明”讲时，其宾语从 句用陈述语气。
考点6． absorb v. 吸收；吸引，使专心，使全神贯注 【教材原句】The second suggested that people absies
【归纳拓展】 英语中表示“全神贯注于/专注于”的短语有： put one’s heart into, focus/concentrate on, be lost in, be deep in, devote oneself to
【即时巩固】 __A_b_s_o_r_b_e_d_i_n_(专注于)his writing, the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his
(2) _B__e_in_g_e_x_p_o_s_e_d_ to the sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin.
【解析】考查非谓语作主语。句意：长时间地处在太阳光下会晒伤你的 皮肤。分析句式可知，该空要将expose非谓语名词化作主语，且因 为expose为vt.”使…暴露于/处于”，故该空应填Being exposed作主 语.
高中英语专题01Greatscientist(预)(基础版)新人教版必修5
5．be toblame应当受到责备
6．lookinto调查
7．slowdo．withcertainty肯定地
10．link…into…将…和…联系或连接起来
11．leadto导致；引起；
12．makesense讲得通；有意义（反义词组：make no sense）
31．co-operativeadj.合作的
32．revolutionaryadj.革命的；重大变革的
33．positiveadj.积极的；肯定的；确实的→negative/ passive消极的
34．privatelyadv.私下地；秘密地
35．enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasmn.热情；热心；积极性
36．cautiousadj.小心的；谨慎的
37．rejectvt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃
38．universen.宇宙；世界
重点短语
1．putforward提出
2．draw/ come to/ reach/ arrive at/ make/ lead toa conclusion得出结论
3．expose…to…使显露；暴露
26．responsibleadj.有责任的；负责的
27．constructvt.建设；修建→constructionn.建设；建筑物
28．contributev.捐献；贡献；捐助→contributionn.贡献；捐献→contributorn.捐赠者；投稿人
29．chartn.图表
30．creativeadj.有创造力的；创造性的；独创的
4．concludev.结束；推断出→conclusionn.结论；结束
高考英语总复习第一部分基础考点聚焦Unit1GreatScientists知能演练轻松闯关新人教版必
Unit 1 Great ScientistsⅠ.单句语法填空1．When ____________(expose) to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling nervous or anxious.答案：exposed2．—What happened to him?—He ____________ (suspect) of stealing the ring at the party last night, and the police were looking into the matter.答案：was suspected3．Professor Wang said the reason of shortsightedness is complicated and there is still no cure ____________ it.答案：for4．I wonder why Ann didn’t get ____________(offer) the job. She is the r ight person for it.答案：offered5．The army was welltrained and wellarmed, and had little difficulty ____________(defeat) the enemy.答案：defeating6．The ____________(construct) work of the theatre is supposed to be completed within the year.答案：construction7．____________(absorb) in his writing, the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.答案：Absorbed8．Always read the ____________(instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.答案：instructions9．They didn’t draw a conclusion until carrying out lots of ____________(science) experiments.答案：scientific10．—Will you be able to receive the guests from Germany?—I am afraid not.I ____________(attend) an important meeting then.答案：will be attendingⅡ.阅读理解(2016·山东潍坊一模)Shake Shack is a new kind of restaurant becoming more popular in the US.The restaurants are not “fast food”．They are known as “fast casual”．Observers say Americans want more choices and fresh food when choosing where and w hat to eat.This trend is one reason why the fast food restaurant McDonald’s hasstruggled financially.In the last quarter of 2014, McDonald’s net income dropped by about$300 million.The January earnings report brought more bad news.Worldwide sales dropped for the eighth month in a row and even more than expected.While McDonald’s is struggling to get their customers back, Shake Shack is doing well in making money.The New Yorkbased burger chain had a very successful IPO, or Initial Public Offerings, of shares at the end of January.On its first day of trading, Shake Shack went from $21 a share to just under $46 a share.Being part of the “fast casual” trend has helped Shake Shack.Other fast casual restaurants in the US include Chipotle and Panera Bread.Bonnie Riggs, a restaurant expert with NPD has studied Americans’ restaurant habits for almost 30 years.She says one reason why Americans like fast casual food is that it’s new.It is creative, and it is something different and people like to try new things.Her study shows Americans made 61 billion visits to restaurants last year.Three out of four visits were to fast food restaurants, like McDonald’s.The fast casual trend is still a small percentage of restaurant visits, but it has developed fast.Just as Ms.Riggs says, “It’s growing by_leaps_and_bounds,_because they meet consumers’ needs.They know it’s being prepared while they are waiting; it’s fresh, quality, good tasting food at what they say are reasonable and affordable prices.”Many Americans still like their fast food.They just are not going as often.They are finding other ways to have a meal.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要对美国餐饮业的新宠儿fast casual food进行了介绍。
高考英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists讲义新人教版必修
Unit 1 Great scientists一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写] 1．characteristic n．特征；特性2．radium n. 镭3．analyse vt. 分析4．physician n. 医生；内科医师5．outbreak n. 爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争) 6．victim n. 受害者7．enquiry n. 询问[第二屏听写] 8．neighbourhood n．附近；邻近9．pump n. 泵；抽水机vt. (用泵)抽(水)10．firework n. 烟火(燃放)11．chart n. 图表12．backward adv.& adj. 向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．painter n．画家；油漆匠2．scientific adj. 科学的3．conclude vt.& vi. 结束；推断出4．conclusion n. 结论；结束5．defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫n. 失败6．expert adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n. 专家；行家[第四屏听写]7．attend vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加8．expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光9．cure n. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗10．challenge n. 挑战vt. 向……挑战11．absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心[第五屏听写] 12．suspect vt. 认为；怀疑n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯13．severe adj. 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的14．foresee vt. 预见；预知15．blame vt. 责备；谴责n. 过失；责备16．pollute vt. 污染；弄脏[第六屏听写] 17．handle n．柄；把手vt. 处理；操纵18．link vt.& n. 连接；联系19．announce vt. 宣布；通告20．instruct vt. 命令；指示；教导21．construct vt. 建设；修建．construction n. 建设；建筑物23．contribute vt.& vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助[第七屏听写] 24．positive adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的25．movement n. 移动；运动；动作26．spin vi.& vt. (使)旋转；纺(线或纱) 27．enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的28．cautious adj. 小心的；谨慎的29．reject vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃30．universe n. 宇宙；世界[第八屏听写]31．put_forward 提出32．draw_a_conclusion 得出结论33．expose_...to 使显露；暴露34．link_...to_... 将……和……联系或连接起来35．apart_from 除……之外；此外36．(be)_strict_with_... 对……严格的37．make_sense 讲得通；有意义二、单元核心考点初热身提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词用时少·功效高⇩积得多(平时多输入，用时顺手出)(二)语段串记短语不枯燥·兴趣高⇩积得多(平时多输入，用时顺手出)(三)仿写用活句式造佳句·表达高in the past.2.So many thousandsof terrified people diedevery time there was an outbreak.所以每次爆发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人死去。
人教版高中英语必修五 Unit1 Great scientists 单元测试卷(一) (含答案)
2018-2019学年高二上学期训练卷 必修五 Unit1 Great scientists 英 语 （一） 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、单句语法填空 1．The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the ________ (science)farming.2．Who is responsible for the ________ (operate) of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers.3．Absorbed ________ painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.4．Our appetite for new products also contributes________ the problem.5．That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride ________ from just about everyother situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.6．It may not be a great suggestion.But before a better one is put ________， we'll make do with it.7．See, your computer has broken down again ！It doesn't make sense ________ buy thecheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.8．The term Nigger Jim, for which the novel is often________ (severe) criticized, never appears in it. 9．The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the ________ (challenge) faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are. 10．Only when Lily walked into the office ________ she realize that she had left the contract at home. 二、单句改错 1．Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put a blame on the alarm clock. _______________________________________________________________________ 2．I always have so many things to attend when I come back to the company after a trip abroad. _______________________________________________________________________ 3．Absorbing in the book she was reading, Mary didn't notice me approaching. _______________________________________________________________________ 4．I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series, but it wasn't until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.Like those early days for Dad ，I faced lots of rejection. _______________________________________________________________________ 5．He was struck by the beauty for the first time he visited Guilin. _______________________________________________________________________ 6．The teacher cured him his bad habits and he made great progress in English. _______________________________________________________________________ 7．Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed very loud music every day. _______________________________________________________________________ 8．In the company, pay increases are linked at performance. _______________________________________________________________________ 此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号9．Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, but once I started the car, my mind goes blank._______________________________________________________________________ 10．There is no sense in force yourself to get what you don't want._______________________________________________________________________ 三、完形填空“Mom, you're always on the computer！” Laure complained.“No, I'm not，” I __1__.“Every day I come home from school you're working on the computer.”“Well, at leas t I'm here __2__ you！”My daughter was right.Day after day, in my home office, I would stare into space as my __3__ typed out the thoughts of a speaker or research completed for an article.It seemed that my work as a writer and speaker __4__ my fingers to the keyboard and my mind to valuable ideas.What Laure did not __5__ was that during her day away, I'd also be doing a lot of housework.It was only around three in the afternoon that I'd __6__ seat myself at my desk for a few __7__ moments of deep thought.Then she'd come from school.I was __8__ of myself on being available to my children.After all, I am a speaker on child behavior and parenting.But Laure's observation __9__ my heart.In her eyes, I must have been a mom who was __10__ but unapproachable.I wouldn't make such an image (形象) before her.My relationship with my children is more __11__ than any other work.“Laure，” I called, “come here a minute.”She wandered to my doorway.I had decided to have her __12__ me when I was too devoted to work.I wanted her to have the __13__ to let me know when she thought I was cold.After I explained my __14__ and the fact that I chose home office to be accessible to her and her sister, I offered Laure the following __15__.“Whenever you feel I'm ignoring you or you need my __16__，I want you to __17__ me，” I said.“Just come up and give me a little hug.That'll be our signal that you __18__ me.”Years later we still have that __19__ sign.I've become much more sensitive to my daughters' comings and goings.__20__ she always gives me a little hug to remind me of the real reason why I work at home.1．A.thought B．refused C．defended D．agreed 2．A.for B．over C．against D．after3．A.feet B．hands C．eyes D．ears4．A.connected B．turned C．gave D．added5．A.admit B．realize C．believe D．recognize 6．A.luckily B．gradually C．instantly D．finally 7．A.anxious B．precious C．busy D．rare8．A.proud B．ashamed C．afraid D．scared9．A.filled B．broke C．touched D．mended 10．A.suitable B．available C．acceptable D．reasonable 11．A.important B．funny C．obvious D．wonderful 12．A.warn B．persuade C．encourage D．remind 13．A.patience B．time C．power D．honor 14．A.pattern B．dream C．schedule D．choice 15．A.promise B．chance C．answer D．truth16．A.help B．attention C．decision D．advice 17．A.hug B．shake C．kiss D．kick18．A.miss B．hate C．need D．scold 19．A.unknown B．unexpected C．unfinished D．unspoken20．A.And B．But C．Or D．Yet四、语法填空Observers say Americans want more choices and fresh food when 1.________ (choose)where and what to eat.This trend is one reason why the fast food restaurant McDonald's has struggled financially.McDonald's is one of the best-known 2.________ (restaurant) in the U．S.and even around the world, 3.________ these days the company leaders are seeing numbers they probably do not like.In the last quarter of last year, McDonald's income dropped by about $300 million.The January earnings report brought more bad news.Worldwide sales dropped for the 4.________ (eight) month in a row and even more than expected.McDonald's is 5.________ (work) hard to get their customers back.In January, the company ran an advertisement during the Super Bowl.The football game is the most watched TV event every year in the U．S.McDonald's has wanted 6.________ (reach) those viewers.Shake Shack is 7.________ new kind of restaurant becoming popular in the U．S.The restaurants are not “fast food”．They are known a s “fast casual”．When McDonald's is struggling to get their customers back, Shake Shack is doing well 8.________ (financial)．The New York-based burger chain had a very 9.________ (success) IPO, or Initial Public Offerings, of shares at the end of January.10.________ its first day of trading, Shake Shack went from $21 a share to just under $46 a share.Shake Shack's a quality hamburger.It's fast food, but not “fast food” food.Being part of the “fast casual” trend has helped Shake Shack.五、七选五阅读理解Tips for summer readingSummer holds many of my strongest and most powerful reading memories.I remember sitting under a tree in the backyard as a child, reading Anne of Green Gables as the shadows crossed the grass.I remember sitting in the back seat of the car on a long family road trip, sharing joke books with my brother and sister and laughing until we cried.__1__ I want all kids to enjoy the fun of summer reading, because summer reading has secret power.__2__ Here are some ways to motivate kids for summer reading.Make children the curators(管理人)of their reading lives.Have students set summer reading goals for themselves.__3__ Students can act as “chief curators” of the blog in turn so that over the course of the summer each of them takes on the responsibility of replying to posts and highlighting a popular title.__4__Taking “curiosity walks” is a fantastic way to bring informational text into a child's reading list.These walks also provide opportunities for authentic writing.Have children take an inspiration notebook on a class walk outside and write down anything they see that they would like to learn more about.Make reading more like summer camp.Let's combine reading with hands-on activities and make reading more like summer camp.We can take field trips to the library and search the shelves for books on a topic chosen out of a hat.__5__ Then they can bring that creation to share on the first days of school.A．It will set the stage for academic success.B．Bring the outdoors back into summer reading.C．Select some books and share them with your students.D．Set up a summer blog so you can all share recommendations.E．These memories became important stepping stones in my life.F．It is important to build and shape a strong reading life during school months.G．We can ask our students to create something in response to one of the books they've read.2018-2019学年高二上学期训练卷必修五Unit1 Great scientists英语（一）答案一、单句语法填空1. scientific2. operation3. in4. to5. apart6. forward7. to8. severely9. challenges 10.did二、单句改错1.a→the2.attend后加to3．Absorbing→Absorbed4.rejection→rejections5.去掉for6.him后加of7.exposed后加to8. at→to9.goes→went10.force→forcing三、完形填空1-5 CABAB 6-10 DBACB 11-15 ADCCA 16-20 BACDA四、语法填空1．choosing 2．restaurants3．but 4．eighth 5．working 6．to reach 7．a 8．financially 9．successful 10．On 五、七选五阅读理解1-5 EADBG。
高考英语一轮复习 第一编 教材回眸 Unit 1 Great scientists基础达标 新人教版必修5
Unit 1 Great scientistsⅠ.单句语法填空1．Only when he arrived ________the meeting begin.答案：did “only＋状语(从句)”位于句首，句子要部分倒装。
由时间状语从句when he arrived可知，应用一般过去时，故填did。
2．Neither I nor John ________(be) tired of the speech. It is interesting.答案：is neither ... nor ... 连接两个并列主语，谓语动词的数遵循“就近一致”原则，故填is。
3．________(absorb) in writing a letter, he didn't even look up when I came in.答案：Absorbed be absorbed in ...“全神贯注于……”，此处为分词作状语，故填Absorbed。
4．That you ________(expose) to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.答案：are exposed be exposed to ...“暴露于……；接触……”。
5．There is no sense in ________(worry) about the future.答案：worrying There is no sense in (doing) sth. “(做)某事是没有意义的”。
6．While ________(attend) to the central task, we should unfold the work in other fields.答案：attending attend to “处理；照料”，从句的主语和主句主语一致，且谓语部分含有be动词的相应形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，补充完整为：While we are attending to ...，故填attending。
高中英语 专题01 Great scientists试题(含解析)新人教版必修5
专题01 Great scientistsFive Faiths of Newton —＂The Greatest Scientist In History＂＂人类历史上最伟大的科学家＂牛顿的五则信条Patiently Think＂If I have done the public any service, it is due to my patient thought.＂We don’t spend enough time patiently thinking! Albert Einst ein said, ＂It’s not that I’m so smart, it’s just that I stay with problems longer.＂ If you would just block out some time daily to ＂think＂, you could solve many of your problems. You could even solve some of the world’s problems.耐心思考＂我之所以能够为社会作出什么贡献，这都要归功于耐心的思考。
＂我们总是不愿拿出足够的时间耐心思考问题！艾尔伯特·爱因斯坦曾说过：＂我并不是天才，只是我比普通人思考问题的时间更长。
＂如果你能够每天抽出一部分时间＂思考＂，你的很多问题都将得到解决，你甚至可以解决一些全球性的问题。
Labor to be Tactful＂Tact is the art of making a point without making an enemy.＂ Solomon said, ＂A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger.＂ We can all polish up on our tact, our diplomacy, our discretion, our delicacy, and our gracefulness. Solomon went on to say, ＂Like apples of gold in settings of silver is a word spokenin right circumstances,＂ labor to be tactful inall you do.机智处世＂机智是一门艺术，它不仅能使你表达自己的看法，还不会使你树敌。
(同步精品课堂)高中英语 专题01 Great scientist(结)(基础版)新人教版必修5
专题01 Great scientist一、重点词汇考点1．【教材原句】John Snow defeats“king cholera”.约翰.诺斯战胜了“霍乱王”。
defeat vt.战胜，打败；（使）受挫；n.失败；击败【归纳拓展】defeat/beat的宾语都是某个人或某个集体 ( sb/ a team/ a class/ a school/ an army )。
而win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，宾语多是game,match,race,election,prize.考点2．【教材原句】John Snow was a famous doctor in London——so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰.斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。
attend v.照顾；护理；专心；注意vt.出席；参加【归纳拓展】attend (to) sb照料/关怀某人attend to sth处理/专心于某事辨析join, attend, join in, take part in考点3．【教材原句】But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。
expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光；使接触；使体验【归纳拓展】expose…to…使…暴露于…；使遭受；使冒…险be exposed to…暴露于…；接触…考点4．【教材原句】Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源，一步了解它的治疗方法。
cure n.治愈；痊愈； v.治愈（某人）；解决（问题）【归纳拓展】a cure for…治愈…cure sb of sth治好某人的…病辨析cure与treat宾语结构为sb of sth的常见动词有：warn sb of sth警告某人某事 rob sb of sth抢劫某人的某物inform sb of sth通知某人某事 rid sb of sth使某人摆脱某事 cure sb of sth治愈某人的某种疾病 convince sb of sth说服某人某事 cheat sb of sth欺骗某人某事accuse sb of sth指控某人某事 remind sb of sth使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事suspect sb of sth怀疑某人做过某事考点5．【教材原句】The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.第一种看法时霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。
高考英语一轮复习 专题01 Great scientist(教学案)新人教版必修5-新人教版高三必修
专题01 Great scientist[高频单词]1．scientific (adj.) 科学的→science (n.) 科学→scientist (n.)科学家2．conclude (vt.&vi.) 结束；推断出→conclusion (n.) 结论；结束3．analyse (vt.) 分析→analysis (n.) 分析4．attend (vt.)照顾；护理；出席；参加→attendance (n.)出席；参加；到场5．expose (vt.) 暴露；揭露；使曝光→exposed (adj.) 无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的→exposure (n.) 显露；暴露；揭露；曝光6．suspect (vt.) 认为；怀疑(n.)被怀疑者；嫌疑犯→suspicion (n.) 怀疑→suspicious (adj.)有疑心的7．foresee (vt.) 预见；预知→foresaw (过去式)→foreseen (过去分词)8．pollute (vt.) 污染；弄脏→pollution (n.) 污染→polluted (adj.) 被污染了的9．announce (vt.) 宣布；通告→announcement (n.) 宣布；通知10．instruct (vt.) 命令；指示；教导→instruction (n.) 教育；说明；指导；教训→instructive (adj.) 富有教育意义的；启发的11．construct (vt.) 建设；修建→construction (n.) 建设；建筑物→constructor (n.) 建造者；建造商→constructive (adj.) 建设性的；积极的12．contribute (vt. & vi.) 捐献；贡献；捐助→contribution (n.) 捐献；贡献；捐助13．enthusiastic (adj.) 热情的→enthusiasm (n.) 热情14．reject (vt.) 拒绝；不接受；抛弃→rejection (n.) 拒绝；抛弃15．characteristic (n.) 特征；特性→character (n.) 品质；性格；特点16．painter (n.) 画家；油漆匠→paint (vt.) 在……上刷油漆→painting (n.) 绘画；油画[重点短语]1．put_forward 提出2．draw_a_conclusion得出结论3．expose..._to使显露；暴露4．be_to_blame应受责备5．look_into调查；研究6．link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来7．apart_from除……之处；此外8．be_strict_with...对……严格9．make_sense讲得通；有意义10．at_times有时[热点句型]1．neither... nor...“既不……也不……〞Neither (既不) its cause nor (也不) its cure was understood.2．every time作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“每次……〞So many thousands of terrified people died every_time_there_was_an_outbreak (每次暴发霍乱时)．3．to do 作目的状语/suggest意为“建议〞时用虚拟语气，即“should＋do〞，其中should可以省略To_prevent (为防止) this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies (should)_be_examined (应被检测)．4．only＋状语，句子结构发生倒装Only_if (只有) you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make_sense (说得清楚)．5．“with＋宾语＋宾补〞复合结构He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with_the_planets_going_round_it (行星围绕着它转) and only the moon still going round the earth.6．doing 作状语/who引导定语从句The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying (声称) it was against God's idea and people who_supported_it (支持这种想法的人) would be attacked.高频考点一单词例1、attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.(P2)约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。
学练考高中英语 Unit1 Great scientists综合能力测评 新人教版必修5
综合能力测评(一)Unit 1本套试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
第Ⅰ卷60分，第Ⅱ卷40分，共100分。
考试时间90分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共60分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。
AWelcome to Adventureland!Everyone loves Adventureland! The parks and exhibitions were built for you to explore(探索), enjoy, and admire their wonders. Every visit will be an unforgettable experience. You will go away enriched, longing to come back. What are you going to do this time?The Travel PavilionExplore places you have never been to before, and experience different ways of life.Visit the Amazon jungle(丛林)village, the Turkish market, the Tai floating market, the Berber mountain house and others. Talk to the people there who will tell you about their lives an d things they make. You can try making a carpet, making fishing nets…The Future TowerThis exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we'll be living then. Spend some time in our space station and climb into our simulator(模拟装置) for the Journey to Mars!The Nature ParkThis is not really one park but several.In the Safari Park you can drive among African animals in one of our Range Cruisers: see lions, giraffes, elephants in the wild. Move on to the Ocean Park to watch the dolphins and whales. And then there is still the aviary to see…The PyramidThis is the centre of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards and stamps? For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping centre. Come here for information and ideas too.1. The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors ________.A. realize the importance of travellingB. become familiar with mountain countriesC. learn how to make things such as fishing netsD. learn something about different places in the world2. If you are interested in knowing about what people's life will be in the future, you may visit ________.A. the Travel PavilionB. the Future TowerC. the Nature ParkD. the Pyramid3. If you want to get a toy lion to take home, where will you most likely go?A. The Pyramid.B. The Nature Park.C. The Future Tower.D. The Travel Pavilion.BDid you ever notice that when you're fat, men don't look you in the eye? They look across your shoulder. There's no eye contact.My name is Leslie. I am a real person. Up until two years ago, I was never looked in the eye by anyone.I was too tired to be a lover to my husband. I was falling asleep by 8 o'clock most evenings. When I did go out for an evening, my husband was ashamed of me. And he said so to my face. When I walked, my thighs scraped together. I couldn't even cross my legs. I was fat. Not just “overweight”. Fat! I was 5′55 tall and weighed 205 pounds.About 18 months ago, my husband Darrell left a “Dear Leslie” letter on my bed and asked for divorce.I went to a psychologist for advice. I knew that my weight was the source of my troubles. But I'd tried 14 different diets, at which I failed one by one.He listened carefully and recommended an entirely different programme. This was not a “diet”. It was a unique new weightloss programme researched by a team of specialists who help to treat the severely fat. I entered the programme. Within the first four days, I lost only three pounds. So I was disappointed. But during the three weeks that followed, my weight began to drop from 205 pounds to 124 pounds. To me it was a miracle.The reason why the programme worked was simple. I was always eating. I could eat six times every day. I could snack in the afternoon，and snack before dinner. I could even have snacks at night while watching TV.How can you eat so much and still lose weight?The secret is in the combination of foods, approved by the research team, which you eat in each 24hour period. You will enjoy a variety of meats and vegetables. Even some light wine or beer if you wish. But be sure to have them in the right proportion(比例), thus a complete 24hour fatreduction cycle is formed.Without hunger, without nervousness, it lets you lose pounds so easily. Once you lose the weight, you'll keep it off. Forever, I am sure of that.4. Leslie ________.A. had never looked anybody in the eyeB. had difficulties in walking because she was too fatC. was disliked by her husband because she went to bed too early each eveningD. was often embarrassed because she was overweight for her height5. Leslie went to a psychologist for advice in order to ________.A. lose her weightB. recover her marriageC. get a vegetarian dietD. become an advisor6. The weightloss programme worked very well. The reason is that ________.A. Leslie ate very little food and sometimes even fast foodB. Leslie only had snacks and never had dinnersC. Leslie could have rich food several times a day in the right proportionD. Leslie had rich food whenever she felt hungry7. Where do you think this article is most likely to appear?A. Daily newspaper.B. Women's magazine.C. A part of a novel.D. Newsweek magazine.CNeighbours play an important role in our lives. Their lifestyles, friends, and social habits can have a strong influence on our lives. So it's a good idea to get along well with neighbours and build a better relationship that will last for many years to come. But how should you get along with your neighbours?When you hear of a special need you can meet, do it, such as sitting with a sick child while your neighbour goes to work or taking an elderly parent to a doctor's appointment when their car won't start.If you hear that someone close by is ill, has had an accident, or is out of work, give him/her a hot meal or a fresh dessert. Your kindness will add a special feeling during a difficult time. If your neighbour is cutting down a tree or building a doghouse, offer helping hands to him/her. There is no better way to build relationship. Besides, you never know when the favour might be returned.Exchange holiday cards, gifts or traditions. Invite your neighbours over for a cup of coffee or lunch. A backyard barbecue can be a great way to share food and fun. If they've watched your kids grow up or been concerned about your family events, they may want to share these special events.Plan a party. Invite all your neighbours to your party. Planning and carrying out the activity helps everyone to know and understand each other.Your neighbours are like your family in many ways since you have to live with them, or near them, for a long time. Appreciate their strong points and ignore weak points, and everyone will get along well.8．According to the passage, to build a good relationship with your neighbours, you should________.A. do housework for them when they are sickB. try to give them a helping handC. give them a good job if they're out of workD. lend them money when their parents are ill9．What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Tips on how to form a healthy lifestyle.B. The best way to form good habits.C. The importance of being helpful.D. Tips on how to get along with your neighbours.10．The purpose of the first paragraph is to________.A. introduce how you can get along well with your friendsB. show how to make friends with your new neighboursC. explain the importance of getting along well with your neighboursD. list the advantages of building strong family relationships11．In the writer's opinion, which one is the right thing you should do?A. Invite your neighbours to take part in your family activities.B. Always share your food with your neighbours.C. Ask your neighbours for help whenever you're in trouble.D. Help your neighbours make improvements on their weak points.DKnowing the best way to study will help you to be a better student. By using your time properly, you can do your homework more quickly. Learning to study is not difficult.The first thing to remember is that you must be willing to learn. It doesn't mean that you must always like the subjects. It does mean, however, that you must be willing to do whatever is necessary to learn. Try to understand why it is important and how it will help you now and later to do and learn other things. Knowing mathematics facts will be useful in your whole life. Knowing how to spell makes any kind of writing easier. Sometimes the subject that you think is going to be uninteresting will be exciting when you begin to work at it and understand it more clearly. Learning things can be fun if you are willing to work with them.Here's some advice for you: have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for study, so that you can concentrate on your study without interruptions; have everything ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, some paper, a pen and books; be sure you understand what you should learn before you start; read carefully and pay special attention to the most important things; when memorizing, first find out the main parts and then recite the whole thing; check your homework after you finish it; never forget the importance of review and preview.12. The main purpose of the article is________.A. to prove that learning is not difficultB. to make the readers be interested in studyC. to tell the importance of selfteachingD. to tell the students how to study well13. The first thing to remember in studying is that________.A. you must like the subjectsB. you must follow the teacherC. you must enjoy learningD. you must study hard14. We learn things because________.A. our parents want us to learnB. every student learns at schoolC. we may use them in the futureD. we like the subjects15. Which of the following is NOT the advice given in the article?A. To put a pen, some paper and books beside you before study.B. To study at any possible time and place.C. To review and preview.D. To pay attention to the most important things.第二节阅读填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
人教版必修五unit1Great scientists 基础训练及答案
高2022级高二上期末复习必修五unit1Great scientists基础训练一、【词汇拓展】1. ______ (vt. )打败；战胜；使受挫(n. )失败2. ______ (vt. )照顾；护理；出席；参加3. ______ (vt. )暴露，揭露，使曝光4. ____ (n. )治愈，痊愈(vt. )治愈，治疗5. _________ (n. )挑战(vt. )向……挑战6. ______ (vt. )吸收；吸引；使专心7. _______ (vt. )认为，怀疑(n. )被怀疑者；嫌疑犯8. ______ (n. )柄，把手(vt. )处理，操纵9. ________ (adj. ) 小心的；谨慎的→_______ (n. )小心；警告10. ______ (vt. )污染；弄脏→________ (n. ) 污染11. _______ (vt. )命令；指示；教导→__________ (n. ) 说明；传授→___________ (pl. )12. ________ (vt. &vi. )结束；推断出→__________ (n. )结论；结束13. _________ (vt. &vi. ) 捐献；撰稿→___________ (n. ) 贡献14. _____ (vt. )拒绝；不接受；抛弃→________ (n. )拒绝；抛弃二、【语境应用】用所给单词的适当形式填空①Thousands of people ________ the funeral. (attend)②Your brain has ________ all sorts of information and experiences. (absorb)③The ________ teacher gave Tom a _______ and told him never to do it again. (cautious)④The doctor _________ the patient to take medicine by the ___________. (instruct)⑤The headmaster ___________ to a newspaper to praise the lady’s generous ______________ to the school. (contribute)三、【短语梳理】1.It is said that a cigarette end ____________ the forest fire.2.We’ll ____________ the matter first before coming to a decision.3.A suitable answer has already ______________ by the chairman.4.It does not _____________ to buy that expensive coat when these are cheaper.5.*He is easy to get along with.____________ that，he is a determined boy.6.She is kind，but she ____________ my study.7.The television camera was ____________ a computer.8.From what is said above，we can _______________ that computers are more a blessing than a disaster.四.【课文浓缩语法填空】John Snow was a famous doctor in London，who was so expert __1__ he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.But he was famous for __2__ (defe at) “King Cholera”．Cholera was a __3__ (dead) disease and neither its cause nor its cure was understood.John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve __4__ problem.He suspected that people __5__ (absorb) this disease into their bodies with their meals.So __6__ another severe outbreak hit London，he began his enquiry.He found that many victims linked to the outbreak __7__(be) near the water pump，so he had the handle removed.Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.He drew the __8__ (conclude) that the polluted water was __9__ (blame)．The water companies were instructed not to expose people __10__ polluted water any more.Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.五.【单元考点作文串记】一、根据提示翻译句子1．Simon的英语老师对Simon要求很严格。
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专题01 Great scientist时间：50分钟满分：100分学校_______班级_____姓名________考号_________分数________Ⅰ.根据首字母或汉语提示，用本单元所学的单词完成下列句子（每个1分，共15分）. 单词拼写1. He is _____（专业的）in teaching English, so many students like listening to his lectures.2. Traffic jams are a ______(特点) of large cities.3. Their school _______（挑战）ours to a football match.4. She was the _______（受害者）of the road accident.5. The vote was completed. The chairman a ______the result.6. The boy was totally a ______in his picture book.7. It’s very dangerous to be e______ to H7N9 patients without any protection.8. The baby is well ________（照顾，照料）to in the nursery.9. Examine the results carefully, and you will draw a ________（结论）.10. I applied for a job as a teacher in a local school, but I was r_______.11. Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of _______（活动，运动）.12. John is _________（谨慎的）of making predictions about the programme.13. The rural environment has a ________（积极的）effect on the children’s health.14. It was generous of her to ________（捐助）such a large sum of money to the earthquake-stricken area.15. They are e________ about helping others.【答案】1.expert2.characteristic3.challenged4.victim5.announced6.absorbed7.exposed8.attended9.conclusion10.rejected11.movement 12.cautious 13.positive14.contribute 15.enthusiasticⅡ.根据汉语意思完成句子（每个2分，共10分）1. 你只有通过了驾照考试才能被允许开车。
（only if）2. 昨天我的钱包被偷了。
（have sth. done）3. 他和我都不打算去参加这次会议。
（neither…nor）4. 我永远不会忘记我第一次遇见他的那一天。
（介词+关系代词）5. 每次我看到他的时候，他都面带微笑。
（every time）【答案】1.Only if you have passed the driving test can you be allowed to drive a car.2.I had my wallet stolen yesterday.3.Neither he nor I am going to attend the meeting.4.I’ll never forget the day on which I first met him.5.Every time I see him, he wears a smile.Ⅲ.完成下面的句子。
（每个1分，共5分）1.You will get sick if you drink the ________(pollute) water.2.Why do you look so ________(tire)? Do you sleep well these days?3.We were very ________ when we heard the ________ news.(shock)4.Alice got ________(blame) when she lost her money.5.Look! The student ________(seat) at the back of the classroom is ________(bury) in a novel while the teacher is giving a lesson.【答案】1.polluted2. tired3.shocked;shocking4.blamed5.seated;buriedⅣ.单项填空（每个1分，共10分）1. The theory _____by these scientists is quite reasonable.A. put forwardB. put outC. put downD. put away【答案】A考查动词短语辨析。
该句句意“这些科学家所提出的理论是合理的。
” A. put forward“提出”；B. put out“扑灭”；C. put down“镇压；记下”；D. put away“把…收起来”，根据句意可知，正确答案为A.2. –They have discussed the problem for hours.-Have they come to a(n)_____?A. endB. resultC. opinionD. conclusion【答案】D考查短语。
句意“这个问题他们讨论了好几个小时了。
”“他们得出结论了吗？”come to conclusion：得出结论。
故该题正确答案为D.3. _____Lucy and Tom, I have two more close friends at school.A. Apart fromB. ExceptC. As wellD. Except that【答案】A考查介词（短语）辨析。
句意：吃了露西和汤姆，在学校里我还有另外两个密友。
该句中的“two more close friends”为该题的直接信息提示，故该题正确答案为A.Apart from“除…之外，（还）”。
4. –We noticed Tom didn’t _____the lecture.-No one had told him about _____a lecture the following day.A. attend; there to beB. attend; there beingC. attend; there wasD. attending; there was【答案】B考查谓语和非谓语。
句意：“我们发现汤姆没去听讲座。
”“没人告诉他第二天有讲座。
”第一空是宾语从句的谓语，跟在didn't后用动词原形；第二空为动名词的作介词about的宾语。
故该题正确答案为B.5. Some very common things such as ______to the sun for a long time will do harm to people’s skin and even cause skin cancer.A. exposingB. being exposedC. having exposedD. exposed【答案】B 考查非谓语。
句意：一些很常见的事，如长时间在阳光下暴晒，会对人的皮肤有害，甚至造成皮肤癌。
be exposed to：暴露在…之下，且该空为介词短语such as的宾语，故动词短语要动名词化，所以该题正确答案为B.6. What all the experts at the meeting said suggested that the road _____badly damaged and a new bridge ______at once.A. should be; be constructedB. were; must be constructedC. were; should be constructedD. was; be constructed【答案】D 考查虚拟语气和陈述语气。
句意：与会专家所言说明了道路严重受损，他们建议立即建造一座新的大桥。
suggest作“建议”讲时，后接的宾语从句用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，作“暗示；说明”时，后接的宾语从句应用陈述语气，故该题正确答案为D.7. Although this medicine can cure you _____ your illness, it has side effects ____you.A. for; inB. for; onC. of; onD. of ; at【答案】C考查介词短语辨析。
cure sb of治愈某人（的疾病）；have …effects on：对…产生影响。
故该题正确答案为C.8. Jenny suggested our going on an outing to the countryside the next weekend, but the rest didn’t sound very _____about the idea.A. enthusiasticB. cautiousC. anxiousD. secure 【答案】A考查形容词辨析。
句意：詹尼建议下周末去乡村郊游，但是其他人对这个主意听起来并不十分热心。
be enthusiastic about：对…热心；be cautious about:对…小心；be anxious about：担心；be secure about：对…自信，对…没有顾虑。
根据句意可知，正确答案为A.9. –Jeremy rather than his friends _____for the _____river.-Absolutely. Jeremy’s chemical works shouldn’t have poured waste water into the river.A. are to be blamed; pollutingB. are to be blame; pollutingC. is to blame; pollutedD. is to be blamed; polluted【答案】C考查谓语和非谓语。