考研英语强化班(完整版本)
考研英语如何复习完整版模板9篇
考研英语如何复习完整版模板9篇考研英语如何复习完整版精选篇1最近很多准备参加考研的同学发短信要求给出考研英语方面的复习计划，我思考再三，为了能够使同学们获得最满意的复习效果，初步把考研复习分成几个阶段，同时强调了每个阶段的复习方法和重点提示，希望对把握复习作以参考。
也为不能够给每位发信息的同学及时回信表示歉意。
一、基础阶段（__年年__月～6月）：目标：夯实基础。
重点：单词、长难句。
具体要求：1、单词：《考研英语词汇速记宝典》重点掌握单词搭配和用法，细致了解词根、词缀构词用法。
重点记忆第一和第二部分。
2、泛读：每周泛读2～3篇《经济学人》、《china daily》、《时代周刊》等英文报刊上的*，了解其大概意思即可，以便扩充背景知识、锻炼猜测单词能力。
这些资料我会及时放在博客上，可以随时下载。
3、背诵：每天坚持背诵一篇*，并且在早上起来大声朗读，并在睡觉之前默写*，而且摘抄其中的重点句型的结构，然后来做反复的临摹和翻译。
我也会推荐新概念英语和真题阅读试题方面的*的，以后陆续放到博客上。
二、单项训练（7月～10月）暑期段（7——8月）：强化真题阅读具体要求：1、分成不同的题型的专项训练，包括主旨题，细节题，推理题，论据论点题，推理题，并熟悉每种题型的解题思路和方法。
每天用宏观语篇分析法来分析*，包括训练抓住*中心和段落中心的能力，也就是寻找上下文反复重复的主题词，包括分析段落的一致性和连贯性的能力，宏观分析段落的结构和逻辑思维的能力，作者的批判和褒扬情感的能力。
2、模考并仔细研究一套历年真题。
读懂每一个单词每一句话，摸清出题人思路，总结常考的语法点和语言点，重点解决考研英语的关键——复杂长难句，熟练掌握各种较长、较难的句式。
总结在本子上。
3、这一阶段要加大阅读量，提高速读和精读能力，同时也要通过阅读来巩固语法、词汇和句式。
建议进行相当数量的题型专项练习，以做题来提高实战能力。
秋期段（9——10月）：专项突破（完型、新题型、翻译）三、冲刺阶段（__月～1月考试）目标：精炼整合，冲刺作文具体要求：关于写作，还是八字方针：背诵五背原则——精彩词汇（*中的）；精彩句型；*里精彩的句子；万能的框架；经典范文默写（reading makes a full man ，conference a ready man ，writing an exact man）可以查出一些细小的错误，而这是判卷老师最不可忍受的地方。
考研英语(2008)--考研英语阅读32分高分经典强化---印建坤课程电子版教材
考研英语(2008)--考研英语阅读32分高分经典强化---印建坤课程电子版教材一．阅读技巧篇大家得清楚，学习英语和英语的复习备考不完全是一回事。
学习一门语言讲究的是循序渐进、厚积博发，而对于像考研英语、四六级这种限定性的考试来说，它的命题都是有规律可循的。
只要掌握了这些规律，它的复习备考其实很简单。
本书主要和同学们讲一下，阅读理解的命题规律解题技巧以及对大小作文命题规律的分析。
经常有同学说，石春真、吴祖霖、岳华亭的几百篇都做了好几遍了，星火的词典也背烂了，新概念新视野新东方的教材也读了，怎么还是一看文章就晕，一看题目就蒙，一错就是两位数呢，到底是为什么呢？其实一个主要的问题还是同学们缺少对命题规律和选项特征的了解。
四个选项中，相对于错误选项，正确选项一般都有什么特征？命题者到底是按照什么来命制选项的？经过多年的研究，我们现在可以肯定的说：命题者在命题时遵循了两条基本规律、五个区分方法。
把握住这两条规律、五个方法，阅读理解可以轻易排除干扰项、分析出答案来。
而从测试学的角度来说，阅读理解试题无非就是考察我们的阅读理解能力，而阅读理解能力就是提取有效信息的能力。
所以阅读理解题目的设计无论怎么千变万化，最根本的目的就是在考察我们能否把文章的有效信息找出来。
而我们知道，有效信息就是文中表达的观点、论点、主论点、分论点以及作者的感情倾向和态度，这些就是命题的出题点所在。
大多数的阅读试题中，正确的选项其实就是文章中观点、论点、主论点、分论点和态度等有效信息的直接表达或者变形表达。
而这类观点性有效信息的表达，有两个重要特征：一.表述上必须具有相对的抽象性、概括性、宏观性；二.表述上不能太绝对要留有余地四平八稳，不能带有过于强烈的感情色彩和倾向。
一个表述上极端的论点是站不住脚的，很容易受到攻击。
所以从这儿可以推知：阅读题目的正确选项与非正确选项相比，应该符合上述两个特征。
到底是不是这样呢？我们用真题来验证一下。
清华大学考研辅导强化班课程-英语翻译
清华大学考研辅导强化班课程--英语翻译第一部分：考研英语翻译状况分析与策略II. 英译汉命题趋势与考生问题的症结从近年考研英译汉命题的情况来看，有以下三个明显特点；（1）从考试题材上看，几乎都是与现代科技相关的内容，98年为天体物理学中的新观点宇宙彭涨说；99年为历史研究方法论；2000年为政府对科技的依赖；2001年为智能机器人；2002年为行为科学研究；所有这些内容无不与科学理论、学科研究及应用密切相关。
（2）从语法结构来讲，侧重考查若干短语，如动词短语，分词短语（形容词短语），不定式短语以及少量较难的介词短语。
此外，语法结构及逻辑关系比较复杂,有时不做些语法分析和逻辑推理就理不出头绪。
还有若干代词，如it, they，that, this, one等，它们必须要根据上下文才能确定其词义所指。
以及一些较难的从句，如what从句从, 定语句，as从句等等。
（3）从词汇来讲，难度增大了，侧重考查一词多义，一词转义，也就是说，所考词汇，如果照字面直译多半会出差错，必须通过上下文进行词义引伸，理解某一词在具体场合的特定含义，才能做出正确的译文，而死抠词字、句序、语态往往会表达不通顺。
从考生卷面的情况分析，我认为造成翻译败笔的原因主要有以下几点：(1) 对原文的理解不够。
划线句往往是要根据上下文才能理解透彻，而考生由于时间紧张，看到句子便率尔*觚，对原文的主要框架结构、相互指代关系理解不够准确，这样一来译句的准确度也就成问题了。
(2) 考生不懂得英汉句式结构的差异，对翻译技巧方法更是知之甚少，因此在考试中甩不开原文的句式结构，不敢进行必要的词序调整、句序、语序转换，不敢进行词类转换，不会用增词法、减字法之类的基本翻译处理方法。
(3) 中文表达能力有限，不能将对原文理解了的东西随心所欲地用汉语清楚地表达出来，一些考生甚至还出现错别字现象。
III. 考研翻译的做题思路与步骤1. 粗略阅读原文，搞清作者意图。
2022年考研英语（一）完整版真题及答案解析（2）
2022年考研英语（一）完整版真题及答案解析（2）1. 英语在研究生招生考试中往往是很多理工科考生心中的痛，因为英语这一科考试科目的复习内容是没有上限的，所以考生在复习过程中也经常无从下手，那么接下来小编就为大家带来2022年考研英语（一）完整版真题及答案解析，快来看看吧！Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A， B， C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1People often complain that plastics are too durable. Water bottles，shopping bags，and other trash litter the planet，from Mount Everest to the Mariana Trench， because plastics are everywhere and don＇t break down easily. But some plastic materials change over time. They crack and frizzle. They ＂weep＂out additives. They melt into sludge. All of which creates huge headaches for institutions，such as museums，trying to preserve culturally important objects. The variety of plastic objects at risk is dizzying： early radios， avant-garde sculptures，celluloid animation stills from Disney films，the first artificial heart.Certain artifacts are especially vulnerable because some pioneers in plastic art didn＇t always know how to mix ingredients properly，says Thea van Oosten， a polymer chemist who，until retiring a few years ago，worked for decades at the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands. ＂It＇s like baking a cake： If you don＇t have exact amounts. itgoes wrong.＂ She says. ＂The object you make is already a time bomb.＂And sometimes， it＇s not the artist＇s fault. In the 1960s，the Italian artist Picro Gilardi began to create hundreds of bright，colorful foam pieces. Those pieces included small beds of roses and other items as well as a few dozen ＂nature carpets＂–large rectangles decorated with foam pumpkins，cabbages，and watermelons. He wanted viewers to walk around on the carpets –which meant they had to be durable.Unfortunately， the polyurethane foam he used is inherently unstable. It＇s especially vulnerable to light damage， and by the mid-1990s，Gilardi＇s pumpkins，roses，and other figures were splitting and crumbling. Museums locked some of them away in the dark. So van Oosten and her colleagues worked to preserve Gilardi＇s sculptures. They infused some with stabilizing and consolidating chemicals. Van Oosten calls those chemicals ＂sunscreens＂because their goal was to prevent further light damage and rebuild worn polymer fibers. She is proud that several sculptures have even gone on display again，albeit sometimes beneath protective cases.Despite success stories like van Oosten＇s， preservation of plastics will likely get harder. Old objects continue to deteriorate. Worse，biodegradable plastics designed to disintegrate，are increasingly common. And more is at stake here than individual objects. Joana Lia Ferreira，an assistant professor of conservation and restoration at the NOVA School of Science and Technology，notes that archaeologists first defined the great material ages of human history-Stone Age， Iron Age， and so on-after examining artifacts in museums. We now live in an age of plastic， she says，＂and what we decide to collect today，what we decide to preserve. …will have a strong impact on how in the future we＇ll be seen.＂21.【题干】According to Paragraph 1， museums are faced with difficulties in_____.【选项】A.maintaining their plastic itemsB.obtaining durable plastic artifactsC.handling outdated plastic exhibitsD.classifying their plastic collections【答案】A22.【题干】Van Oosten believes that certain plastic objects are_____.【选项】A.immune to decayB.improperly shapedC.inherently flawedplex in structure【答案】C23.【题干】Museums stopped exhibiting some of Gilardi＇s artworks to_____.【选项】A.keep them from hurting visitorsB.duplicate them for future displayC.have their ingredients analyzedD.prevent them from further damage【答案】D24.【题干】The author thinks that preservation of plastics is_____.【选项】A.costlyB.unworthyC.unpopularD.challenging【答案】D25.【题干】In Ferreira＇s opinion，preservation of plastic artifacts_____.【选项】A.will inspire future scientific researchB.has profound historical significanceC.will help us separate the material agesD.has an impact on today＇s cultural life【答案】BText 2As the latest crop of students pen their undergraduate applications and weigh up their options，it may be worth considering just how the point， purpose and value of a degree has changed and what Gen Z need to consider as they start the third stage of their educational journey.Millennials were told that if you did well in school， got a decent degree， you would be set up for life. But that promise has been found wanting. As degrees became universal，they became devalued. Education was no longer a secure route of social mobility. T oday， 28 per cent of graduates in the UK are in non-graduate roles； a percentage which is double the average amongst the OECD.This is not to say that there is no point in getting a degree，but， rather stress that a degree is not for everyone， that the switch from classroom to lecture hall is not an inevitable one and that other options are available.Thankfully， there are signs that this is already happening，with Gen Z seeking to learn from their millennial predecessors，even if parents and teachers tend to be still set in the degree mindset. Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers who often prove themselves to be more committed and loyal employees than graduates. Many too are seeing the advantages of scrapping a degree requirement for certain roles.For those for whom a degree is the desired route， consider that this may well be the first of many. In this age of generalists，it pays to have specific knowledge or skills. Postgraduates now earn 40 per cent more than graduates. When more and more of us have a degree， it makes sense to have two.It is unlikely that Gen Z will be done with education at 18 or 21； they will need to be constantly up-skilling throughout their career to stay agile，relevant and employable. It has been estimated that this generation due to the pressures of technology，the wish for personal fulfilment and desire for diversity will work for 17 different employers over the course of their working life and have five different careers. Education， and not just knowledge gained on campus， will be a core part of Generation Z＇s career trajectory.Older generations often talk about their degree in the present and personal tense：I am a geographer＇or I am a classist. Their sons or daughters would never say such a thing；it＇s as if they already know that their degree won＇t define them in the same way.26.【题干】The author suggests that Generation Z should_____.【选项】A.be careful in choosing a collegeB.be diligent at each educational stageC.reassess the necessity of college educationD.postpone their undergraduate application【答案】C27.【题干】The percentage of UK graduates in non-graduate roles reflect_____.【选项】lennial’s opinions about workB.the shrinking value of a degreeC.public discontent with educationD.the desired route of social mobility【答案】B28.【题干】The author considers it a good sign that_____.【选项】A.Generation Z are seeking to earn a decent degreeB.school leavers are willing to be skilled workersC.employers are taking a realistic attitude to degreeD.parents are changing their minds about education【答案】C29.【题干】It is advised in Paragraph 5 that those with one degree should_____.【选项】A.make an early decision on their careerB.attend on the job training programsC.team up with high-paid postgraduatesD.further their studies in a specific field【答案】D30.【题干】What can be concluded about Generation Z from the last two paragraphs？【选项】A.Lifelong learning will define them.B.They will make qualified educators.C.Depress will no longer appeal them.D.They will have a limited choice of jobs.【答案】AText 3Enlightening， challenging， stimulating， fun. These were some of the words that Nature readers used to describe their experience of art-science collaborations in a series of articles on partnerships between artists and researchers. Nearly 40% of the roughly 350 people who responded to an accompanying poll said，they had collaborated with artists：and almost all said they would consider doing so in future.Such an encouraging results is not surprising. Scientists are increasingly seeking out visual artists to help them communicate their work to new audiences. ＂Artists help scientists reach a broader audience and make emotional connections that enhance learning.＂ One respondent said.One example of how artists and scientists have together rocked the scenes came last month when the Sydney Symphony Orchestra performed a reworked version of Antonio Vivaldi＇s The Four Seasons. They reimagined the 300-year-old score by injecting the latest climate prediction data for each season-provided by Monash University＇s Climate Change Communication Research Hub. The performance was a creative call to action ahead of November＇s United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow， UK.But a genuine partnership must be a two-way street. Fewer artist than scientists responded to the Nature poll， however，several respondents noted that artists do not simply assistscientists with their communication requirements. Nor should their work be considered only as an object of study. The alliances are most valuable when scientists and artists have a shared stake in a project， are able to jointly design it and can critique each other＇s work. Such an approach can both prompt new research as well as result in powerful art. More than half a century ago，the Massachusetts Institute of Technology opened its Center for Advanced Visual Studies （CAVS）to explore the role of technology in culture. The founders deliberately focused their projects around light-hence the ＂visual studies＂ in the name. Light was a something that both artists and scientists had an interest in， and therefore could form the basis of collaboration. As science and technology progressed， and divided into more sub-disciplines， the centre was simultaneously looking to a time when leading researchers could also be artists，writers and poets， and vice versa.Nature＇s poll findings suggest that this trend is as strong as ever， but， to make a collaboration work， both sides need to invest time， and embrace surprise and challenge. The reach of art-science tie-ups needs to go beyond the necessary purpose of research communication， and participants. Artists and scientists alike are immersed in discovery and invention， and challenge and critique are core to both， too.31.【题干】According to paragraph 1，art-science collaborations have_____.【选项】A.caught the attention of criticsB.received favorable responsesC.promoted academic publishingD.sparked heated public disputes【答案】B32.【题干】The reworked version of The Four Seasons is mentioned to show that_____.【选项】A.art can offer audiences easy access to scienceB.science can help with the expression of emotionsC.public participation in science has a promising futureD.art is effective in facilitating scientific innovations【答案】A33.【题干】Some artists seem to worry about in the art-science partnership_____.【选项】A.their role may be underestimatedB.their reputation may be impairedC.their creativity may be inhibitedD.their work may be misguided【答案】A34.【题干】What does the author say about CAVS？ _____.【选项】A.It was headed alternately by artists and scientists.B.It exemplified valuable art-science alliances.C.Its projects aimed at advancing visual studies.D.Its founders sought to raise the status of artists.【答案】B35.【题干】In the last paragraph， the author holds that art-science collaborations_____.【选项】A.are likely to go beyond public expectationsB.will intensify interdisciplinary competitionC.should do more than communicating science.D.are becoming more popular than before【答案】CText 4The personal grievance provisions of New Zealand＇s Employment Relations Act 2000 （ERA）prevent an employer from firing an employee without good cause. Instead. dismissals must be justified. Employers must both show cause and act in a procedurally fair way.Personal grievance procedures were designed to guard the jobs of ordinary workers from ＂unjustified dismissals＂. The premise was that the common law of contract lacked sufficient safeguards for workers against arbitrary conduct by management. Long gone are the days when a boss could simply give an employee contractual notice.But these provisions create difficulties for businesses when applied to highly paid managers and executives. As countless boards and business owners will attest， constraining firms from firing poorly performing. high-earning managers is a handbrake on boosting productivity and overall performance. The difference between C-grade and A-grade managers may very well be the difference between business success or failure. Between preserving the jobs of ordinary workers or losing them. Yet mediocrity is no longer enough to justify a dismissal.Consequently—and paradoxically—laws introduced to protect the jobs of ordinary workers may be placing those jobs at risk.If not placing jobs at risk，to the extent employment protection laws constrain business owners from dismissing under-performing managers， those laws act as a constraint on firm productivity and therefore on workers＇ wages. Indeed， in ＂An International Perspective on New Zealand＇s Productivity Paradox＂（2014）. The Productivity Commission singled out the low quality of managerial capabilities as a cause of the country＇s poor productivity growth record.Nor are highly paid managers themselves immune from the harm caused by the ERA＇s unjustified dismissal procedures. Because employment protection laws make it costlier to fire an employee， employers are more cautious about hiring new staff. This makes it harder for the marginal manager to gain employment. And firms pay staff less because firms carry the burden of the employment arrangement going wrong.Society also suffers from excessive employment protections. Stringent job dismissal regulations adversely affect productivity growth and hamper both prosperity and overall well-being.Across the Tasman Sea， Australia deals with the unjustified dismissal paradox by excluding employees earning above a specified ＂high-income threshold＂from the protection of its unfair dismissal laws. In New Zealand， a 2016 private members＇Bill tried to permit firms and high-income employees to contract out of the unjustified dismissal regime. However，the mechanisms proposed were unwieldy and the Bill was voted down following the change in government later that year.36.【题干】The personal grievance provisions of the ERA are intended to _____.【选项】A.punish dubious corporate practicesB.improve traditional hiring proceduresC.exempt employers from certain dutiesD.protect the rights of ordinary workers【答案】D37.【题干】It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that the provisions may_____ .【选项】A.hinder business developmentB.undermine managers＇ authorityC.affect the public image of the firmsD.worsen labor-management relations【答案】A38.【题干】Which of the following measures would be the Productivity Commission support？【选项】A.Imposing reasonable wage restraints.B.Enforcing employment protection lawsC.Limiting the powers of business owners.D.Dismissing poorly performing managers.【答案】D39.【题干】What might be an effect of ERA＇s unjustified dismissal procedures？ _____【选项】A.Highly paid managers lose their jobs.B.Employees suffer from salary cuts.C.Society sees a rise in overall well-being.D.Employers need to hire new staff.【答案】B40.【题干】It can be inferred that the ＂high-income threshold＂ in Australia _____.【选项】A.has secured managers＇ earningsB.has produced undesired resultsC.is beneficial to business ownersD.is difficult to put into practice【答案】CPart BDirections： The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45，you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs C and F have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）Teri Byrd_____（41）I was a zoo and wildlife park employee for years. Both the wildlife park and zoo claimed to be operating for the benefit of the animals and for conservation purposes. This claim was false. Neither one of them actually participated in any contributions whose bottom line is much more important than the condition of the animals.Animals despise being captives in zoos. No matter how you ＂enhance＂enclosures，they do not allow for freedom， a natural diet or adequate time for transparency with these institutions，and it＇s past time to eliminate zoos from our culture.Karen R. Sime_____（42）As a zoology professor， I agree with Emma Marris that zoo displays can be sad and cruel. But she underestimates the educational value of zoos.The zoology program at my university attracts students for whom zoo visits were the crucial formative experience that led them to major in biological sciences. These are mostly students who had no opportunity as children to travel to wilderness areas，wildlife refuges or national parks. Although good TV shows canhelp stir children＇s interest in conservation，they cannot replace the excitement of a zoo visit as an intense， immersive and interactive experience. Surely there must be some middle ground that balances zoos＇treatment of animals with their educational potential.Greg Newberry_____（43）Emma Marris＇s article is an insult and a disservice to the thousands of passionate who work tirelessly to improve the lives of animals and protect our planet. She uses outdated research and decades-old examples to undermine the noble mission of organization committed to connecting children to a world beyond their own.Zoos are at the forefront of conservation and constantly evolving to improve how they care for animals and protect each species in its natural habitat. Are there tragedies？ Of course. But they are the exception not the norm that Ms. Marris implies. A distressed animal in a zoo will get as good or better treatment than most of us at our local hospital.Dean Gallea_____（44）As a fellow environmentalist animal-protection advocate and longtime vegetarian. I could properly be in the same camp as Emma Marris on the issue of zoos. But I believe that well-run zoos and the heroic animals that suffer their captivity so serve a higher purpose. Were it not for opportunities to observe these beautiful wild creatures close to home many more people would be driven by their fascination to travel to wild areas to seek out disturb and even hunt them down.Zoos are in that sense similar to natural history and archeology museums serving to satisfy our need for contact with these living creatures while leaving the vast majority undisturbedin their natural environments.John Fraser_____（45）Emma Marris selectively describes and misrepresents the findings of our research. Our studies focused on the impact of zoo experiences on how people think about themselves and nature and the data points extracted from our studies.Zoos are tools for thinking. Our research provides strong support for the value of zoos in connecting people with animals and with nature. Zoos provide a critical voice for conservation and environmental protection. They afford an opportunity for people from all backgrounds to encounter a range of animals from drone bees to springbok or salmon to better understand the natural world we live in.41.【题干】41._____.【选项】A.Zoos which spare no effort to take care of animals should not be subjected to unfair criticism.B.To pressure zoos to spend less on their animals would lead to inhumane outcomes for the precious creatures in their care.C.While animals in captivity deserve sympathy， zoos play a significant role in starting young people down the path of related sciences.D.Zoos save people trips to wilderness areas and thus contribute to wildlife conservation.E.For wild animals that cannot be returned to their natural habitats， zoos offer the best altemative.F.Zoos should have been closed down as they prioritize money making over animals＇ wellbeing.G.Marris distorts our findings which actually prove that zoos serve as an indispensable link between man and nature.【答案】F42.【题干】42._____.【选项】A.Zoos which spare no effort to take care of animals should not be subjected to unfair criticism.B.To pressure zoos to spend less on their animals would lead to inhumane outcomes for the precious creatures in their care.C.While animals in captivity deserve sympathy， zoos play a significant role in starting young people down the path of related sciences.D.Zoos save people trips to wilderness areas and thus contribute to wildlife conservation.E.For wild animals that cannot be returned to their natural habitats， zoos offer the best altemative.F.Zoos should have been closed down as they prioritize money making over animals＇ wellbeing.G.Marris distorts our findings which actually prove that zoos serve as an indispensable link between man and nature.【答案】C43.【题干】43._____.【选项】A.Zoos which spare no effort to take care of animals should not be subjected to unfair criticism.B.To pressure zoos to spend less on their animals would lead to inhumane outcomes for the precious creatures in their care.C.While animals in captivity deserve sympathy， zoos play a significant role in starting young people down the path of related sciences.D.Zoos save people trips to wilderness areas and thus contribute to wildlife conservation.E.For wild animals that cannot be returned to their natural habitats， zoos offer the best altemative.F.Zoos should have been closed down as they prioritize money making over animals＇ wellbeing.G.Marris distorts our findings which actually prove that zoos serve as an indispensable link between man and nature.【答案】A44.【题干】44._____.【选项】A.Zoos which spare no effort to take care of animals should not be subjected to unfair criticism.B.To pressure zoos to spend less on their animals would lead to inhumane outcomes for the precious creatures in their care.C.While animals in captivity deserve sympathy， zoos play a significant role in starting young people down the path of related sciences.D.Zoos save people trips to wilderness areas and thus contribute to wildlife conservation.E.For wild animals that cannot be returned to their natural habitats， zoos offer the best altemative.F.Zoos should have been closed down as they prioritize money making over animals＇ wellbeing.G.Marris distorts our findings which actually prove that zoos serve as an indispensable link between man and nature.【答案】D45.【题干】45._____.【选项】A.Zoos which spare no effort to take care of animals should not be subjected to unfair criticism.B.To pressure zoos to spend less on their animals would leadto inhumane outcomes for the precious creatures in their care.C.While animals in captivity deserve sympathy， zoos play a significant role in starting young people down the path of related sciences.D.Zoos save people trips to wilderness areas and thus contribute to wildlife conservation.E.For wild animals that cannot be returned to their natural habitats， zoos offer the best altemative.F.Zoos should have been closed down as they prioritize money making over animals＇ wellbeing.G.Marris distorts our findings which actually prove that zoos serve as an indispensable link between man and nature.【答案】G考研考什么内容考研分为初试和复试，初试主要是笔试，科目有外语、政治、专业课和综合，不同专业的考试科目是不一样的；复试是笔试和面试相结合，其内容包括英语测试、专业课笔试和综合素质面试。
考研英语真题完整版(含答案)
考研英语真题完整版(含答案)考研英语真题完整版(含答案)IntroductionIn recent years, the number of students taking the postgraduate entrance exam, commonly known as the "gaokao", to pursue further education has continued to rise. The English section of this exam is of particular significance as it assesses the applicants' language proficiency and comprehension skills. This article aims to provide a complete version of the past years' English exam questions, along with their corresponding answers, in order to help students better prepare for the upcoming exam.Section I: Reading Comprehension1. Passage OneQuestions:1) What is the main topic of the passage?2) What does the passage imply about music's role in early childhood development?2. Passage TwoQuestions:1) What does the passage mainly discuss?2) What does the author mean by saying "Birds defy that rule." in paragraph 3?Section II: Vocabulary and Structure1. Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. Example:1) It is time that we ______ a solution to the problem.a) findb) will findc) foundd) have foundAnswer: a) findSection III: Cloze1. Choose the word or phrase that best fits the blank. Example:1) It was very kind ______ you to help me with my bags.a) forb) fromc) ofd) withAnswer: c) ofSection IV: TranslationTranslate the following sentences from Chinese to English.Example:1) 他们一起努力，最终实现了自己的目标。
考研必看
2012【何凯文】文du考研英语基础长难句视频：
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2012【王一珉】考研政治基础课程（视频+下载含讲义）:
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2012【李永乐】考研数学复习全书及习题全解《数一+数三》【电子书】:
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2012版考研英语【宫东风】序列之一：《词汇速记标准全书》PDF电子书下载：
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2011年【王江涛】新东方考研英语作文必背20篇范文:
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2011【新东方】考研英语强化班完型视频汇总:
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2012【任汝芬】xdf考研政治哲学基础班swf版【讲义+视频】：
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2012【屠浩民】新东方考研英语【初级+高级】语法讲义下载 ：
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2012年【考研政治】真题题源(2年详解7年透析)PDF电子书下载：
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2012【范猛】xdf考研英语阅读:
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2001-2011【考研政治真题】内含详细答案:
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2012【王江涛】xdf考研英语写作视频下载：
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2012新东方【屠皓民】考研英语四小时精品语法课程:
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郑州新东方考研英语班介绍
郑州新东方考研英语班一：考研班简介：郑州新东方考研全科涵盖政英数三大学科及考研专业课，可满足不同阶段不同基础的学员需求。
课程包括全程班、联报班、集训营、无忧计划等。
全程班可满足学员全年复习需求，省时、省力、省钱；联报班可满足学员对多科公共课全年完整补习的需要；集训营可助学员在短期内迅速提分；无忧计划可让您考研全程无忧！二：考研英语班：郑州新东方英语考研课程目前开设有：考研公开课和考研集训营2大类。
考研公开课：考研英语强化班考研英语冲刺班考研英语模考班考研英语阅读写作专项精讲班考研集训营（可住宿）：考研英语基础集训营考研英语基础强化集训营考研英语基础强化集训营考研英语基础强化套餐班具体课程体系：请参考郑州新东方官网搜客系统/zhengzhou-20.html三：部分授课老师：姓名：李保华教授课程：考研英语阅读教师简介：考研阅读首席主讲，新东方“应试”专家，对各种考试出题思路的把握炉火纯青，人生信条：重剑无锋，大巧不工！郑州新东方考研名师：李保华姓名：肖萌教授课程：考研写作，四级写作，专四专八写作教师简介：英语专业八级，教授写作课程，是一个把女人味儿隐藏的很好的女人。
授课风格时而活泼时而深沉又掺杂着些许生猛，同学对她的称呼从“萌妹子”到“萌姐”“萌哥”“萌爷”。
称呼变或不变，她都在这里。
郑州新东方考研名师：肖萌四：以考研强化班为例：学习目标：通过强化班的学习，强化各项知识，提高阅读、翻译等各种题型解题技巧，为冲刺班的学习做准备。
适合学员：已经参加过基础班学习，需要熟悉考研真题命题规律，了解应试技巧和方法，进行中高难度考点分析及训练的学员；有一定英语基础且想进一步提高考研分数的学员。
课程简介：以历年真题为蓝本，分项系统的讲解考研英语完形填空、阅读理解、新题型、翻译、写作题型和应试技巧，帮助考生将应试能力迅速提高到考研水平。
课程特色：用新东方传统的分项授课模式，对考试考查的各种题型进行逐一突破，使学员在轻松幽默的课堂氛围中迅速掌握核心应试技巧，能熟练应用于题目中，取得自己理想的分数。
二十位过来人考研英语辅导书推荐
考研常用资料：推荐考研的小盆友必读的文章历年考试真题2011年招生简章,各个院校专业课参考书目（2012的招生简章未出，可以看看参考书目，一般参考书目每年变化不大）如何选择专业和学校考研常见问题集锦全国各个高校研招办联系方式全方位解读专业硕士学术硕士考研报名条件（不可忽略）考研报名办法及流程学科解读推荐免试全攻略研究生招生院校、专业查询（数据库查询，方便实用）硕士、博士导师库考研还是就业？香港读研台湾读研全国32所重点大学周边生活手册同等学力统考与在职联考数学复习方法大全政治复习攻略总汇英语复习方法大全专业课复习攻略总汇1.张的真题，160篇作文，宫的复习全书，石的220篇。
评价：张的真题很好。
160篇基础差的不推荐看，感觉很不好。
石的220，暑假做的，现在都忘了咋样了2.我选择的：张剑的黄皮书，张锦芯的阅读，张剑的阅读150篇个人评价及建议：张剑的真题书确实不错，建议一定把真题做几遍，这样时间不多了模拟题也做他的吧，真题总结的不错。
3.我选择的：一本单词一个真题个人评价及建议：背单词吧不过还给看出的题。
按部就班。
最后只能看教育部怎么出了。
4.我选择的：历年真题星火单词《读真题记单词》个人评价及建议：历年真题的重要性不用重申，在熟悉出题人思路的前提下联系。
单词是基础，尤其是近义词的替换。
读真题记单词这本不错，适合在反复做真题的时候用。
阅读练习我用的是石春祯的220篇，做题的时候觉得偏难，不适合底子薄的（类似于我）的开始就用，不过2010年的阅读很强大，石春祯这点难度都不够看。
选择适合自己的，夯实基础，逐步提高，这才是王道。
5.我选择的：张健真题新东方的单词书个人评价及建议：英语复习真的是靠积累每个单词都是鸡肋食之无味弃之可惜出题方式千变万化没有好的功底真的很难驾驭好好练吧我英语不很好不好多说~~ 6.英语辅导书我选择的：历年真题解析与复习思路个人评价及建议：全面详细7.英语辅导书我选择的：黄宝书红宝书个人评价及建议：黄宝书，红宝书是经典,这是我今年就３本英语复习中的2本,外语的辅导书和政治不一样,东西不在量,而在于精8.朱太奇模拟8套 12月底才买，听说很难练一下手，果然不让人失望，确实比一般的题难，但是和今年真题的比还是非常容易读懂的，觉得实力可以的可以挑战一下，我就做了第一套阅读28分，考虑到难题都28。
考研英语学习计划(通用8篇)
考研英语学习计划（通用8篇）考研英语学习方案篇1第八周：11.11-11.17进入倒数第八周以后就还有一个半月的学习时间，考生要进入全力冲刺阶段了，这段时间要完成作文的反复练习，作出几套属于自己的作文模板，对真题阅读做最终的练习。
首先，连续记忆词汇。
词汇是语言的基础，任何语言的进展都离不开词汇的积累与运用。
在这一周中考生仍旧要在原来复习的基础上连续记忆词汇，但对词汇的记忆不是刻意的，要将词汇放在真题阅读中来记忆，在练习真题的过程中，将不熟识的，不熟悉的单词划出来，经过多篇阅读以后，考研高频词汇自然而然就能理解记忆了。
其次，了解自己的学习课程，仔细听取英语强化阶段课程。
每年从十月份开头许多英语辅导机构会向考生推行强化复习任务，就第一考研英语课程来看，所开设的班型较多，不同基础考生有不同的班型选择，对此，考生自己应充分了解自己的学习内容和支配，仔细听取这一阶段的课程。
这一周，考生应当一边听课，然后隔天复习听课所学学问，尽快消化，避开学过不复习，收不到实际效果。
第三，本周详细的学习任务要完成考研英语阅读的强化学习，开头进入冲刺阶段。
详细可以参考如下支配：周一：(1)要连续学习词汇。
(2)完成阅读真题演练3、4、5课程的学习。
(3)坚持早晨背诵写作范文以及自己作文的模板，晚上进行默写，检验效果。
周二：(1)要连续学习词汇。
(2)学习考研英语新题型导学课程，把握其解题思路，学习详细解题步骤分析课程。
(3)坚持早晨背诵写作范文以及自己作文的模板，晚上进行默写，检验效果。
周三：(1)要连续学习词汇，回顾前一天的学习成果。
(2)听取考研英语新题型的真题讲解课程，并拿出两套真题进行演练。
(3)坚持早晨背诵写作范文以及自己作文的模板，晚上进行默写，检验效果。
周四：(1)要连续学习词汇，回顾前一天的学习成果。
(2)开头学习冲刺课程，从阅读冲刺开头，分两天学完。
(3)坚持早晨背诵写作范文以及自己作文的模板，晚上进行默写，检验效果。
考研英语暑期强化阶段学习计划(6月-8月)
考研英语暑期强化阶段学习计划(6月-8月)经过基础阶段的学习，考研复习进入如火如荼的暑期阶段，大部分同学在这时候都下定了决心要报考研究生。
在暑期（6月1日—8月31日），各位同学的英语复习重点应该在基础，包括大量语法学习、单词记忆和阅读练习。
单词和语法的重要性不言自明，这两点的掌握情况直接影响最后的考研英语成绩，所以不管报名早晚或是基础好坏的同学都必须先过词汇和语法关，切忌出现单词记忆和语法学习这两项任务拖拉的情况。
考研英语强化阶段学习计划，大约时间为6月1日到8月31日。
主要学习内容包括以下方面：（1）单词记忆，目标是记忆易混超难词汇、词汇前后缀、熟词生义、同义词近义词辨析、短语等，在比较中进行记忆，对单词深化记忆。
（2）阅读理解，阅读专项训练一定要按时按质完成。
暑假时间比较充分，一定得好好利用。
对阅读的要求是能够在70分钟内做完4篇阅读理解题目，掌握阅读技巧，阅读理解能力有一个质的飞跃。
（3）完形填空的集中练习，熟悉考研英语完形填空的命题特点，并进行强化训练，进一步巩固单词和语法。
（4）翻译的集中练习，熟悉考研英语翻译的命题特点，并进行强化训练，进一步巩固单词和语法。
（5）新题型的集中练习，熟悉考研英语新题型的命题特点，并进行强化训练，提高阅读理解的能力。
（6）四六级备考，准备参加6月份四六级考试的学员可以做一些四六级考试的真题，十套真题平均得分要达到及格，才能顺利通过四、六级考试。
（7）网络课堂，每天60分钟左右，目标是学习翻译强化、写作强化、完形填空强化、新题型强化、阅读强化和VIP专属英语阶段作文讲评课。
推荐用书：考研词汇词根+联想记忆法、考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（基础版）、考研英语高分写作、考研英语历年全真试题、拆分与组合翻译法。
推荐课程：翻译强化、写作强化、VIP专属英语阶段作文讲评课、完形填空强化、新题型强化、阅读强化。
下面是具体的学习计划，按照每周的复习量进行分配，有利于学员结合自己的时间更加合理地复习。
新东方考研培训课程表
浆洗街总部302教室(浆洗街利民巷1号)
420元
包含
资料
2011年艺术类考研英语基础30人精品春季班
YYJ281
艺术类考研英语基础春季周末下午班
3月19日-6月5日, 每周六、日15:00-17:00；18:00-20:00（4月2日调至4月4日，4月30日、5月1日放假），共88小时
44
金茂教学区403教室
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YP2801
考研政治强化春季周末下午班
4月9日-6月19日, 每周六、日15:00-17:00（4月30日、5月1日放假）,共40小时
20
新南路教学区406教室(新南路44号)
580元
包含
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2012年考研英语冲刺秋季班
YC4801
考研冲刺秋季周末上午班
12月17日-1月1日,每周六、日上午9：00-11:00；中午12：00-14:00， 共24小时
12
新南路教学区202教室(新南路44号)
400元
包含
资料
YC4802
考研冲刺秋季周末下午班
12月17日-1月1日,每周六、日下午15:00-17:00, 晚上18:00-20:00， 共24小时
24
新南路教学区502教室(新南路44号)
750元
包含
资料
Y28002
考研英语春季平时晚班
4月11日-5月23日, 每周一、二、三、四晚上19：00-21：00 （5月2日放假），共48小时
（最全）（完整版）考研英语词汇默写版（无水印无广告无中文）
1.美式英语多用-ze2019届考研英语5500词AA/an Abandon Abide Ability Able Abnormal Aboard Abolish Abound About Above Abroad Abrupt Absence Absolute Absorb Abstract Absurd Abundance Abundant Abuse Academic Academy Accelerate AcceptAccess Acceptance Accident Accidental Acclaim Accommodate Accommodation Accompany Accomplish Accord According to Account Accountant Accumulate Accuracy Accurate2逗号隔开的部分不能使用连接词Accuse Accustom AchieveAcid Acknowledge Acquaintance Acquire Acquisition AcrossActAction Activate Activity ActorActualAcuteAdaptAddAddict Addition Additional Address Adequate Adhere Adjective AdjoinAdjust Administer Administration admire Admission Admit Adolesc ent AdoptAdult Advance Advanced Advantage Advent Advertise(z) Adventure Advice Advisable advise3.Sophisticated culture 中华文化博大精深Advocate Aerial Aeroplane Affair Affect Affiliate Affirm Afford Afraid After Afternoon Afterward Again Against Age Agency Agenda Agent Aggravate Aggressive Ago Agony Agree Agreeable Agreement Agriculture AheadAidAimAirAir-conditioning AircraftAirlineAirportAlarmAlcoholAlertAlienalienateAlikeAliveAllAllege Alleviate4.Everyday survival skill 生存技能Life skill 生活技能（吃饱饭再考虑生活的事情...）Alliance Allocate Allow Allowance Ally Almost Alone Along Alphabet Already AlsoAlter Alternate Alternative Although Altitude Altogether Always Amateur Amaze Ambiguou s Ambulance Amiable Amid Among Amount Ample Amuse Analogy Analogue Analyse Analysis Analytic Ancestor Anchor Ancient And Anecdote Angel Anger Angle Angry Animal Announ ce5.Hence = henceforth adv. 因此，今后Annoy Annual Anonymous Another AnswerAnt Anticipate Antique Anxiety Anxious Any Anyone Anything Anyway Anywhere Apart Apartment Apologi ze(s) Apology apparatus Apparent Appeal Appear Appearance Appetite Apple Appliance Applicable Application Apply Appoint Appointment Appreciate Approach appropriate Approval Approve Appro ximate April Archeology Architecture AreaArgue Argument6.Dear xxx,I,on behalf of the Students’ Union,am writing to invite you to...（几乎所有10分email的开头）Arise Arith metic Arm Army Around Arouse Arrange Array Arrest Arrival ArriveArr ogant ArtArt icle Articulate Artificial Artist ArtisticAsAsh Ashore Aside Ask Asleep Aspect Aspire Assault Assemble Assembly Assert Assess Asset Assign Assignment Assimilate Assist Assistance Assistant Associate Association Assume Assumption Assurance Assure7.Academic/intellectual elite 学术精英Astoni sh Astronaut Astronomy AtAthlete Atmosphere Atom Attach Attack Attain Attem pt Attend Attendance Attendant Attention Attitude Attor ney Att ractAtt ractive Attri bute Audien ce Audit Auditor Augment August Authen tic Author Author ity Auto Automatic Automation Autonomy Auxiliary Available Avenue Average Avoid Await Awake Award Aware Away Awkward Axis8.We will feel greatly honored to have you there and appreciate it if you could reply to our invitation at your earliest convenience.(ending)BBaby Bachelor Back Background Backward Bacterium BadBadlyBagBaitBake Balance BallBallet Balloon BallotBanBandBangBank Banquet BarBare Barely Bargain Barn Barrel Barrier Base Basic Basis Basket Basketball Battle BayBeBeam Bear Beard Beat Beautiful Because Become9.In the above picture,a flock of graduates are stopped by a four-direction fork.Bed Before Begin Beginning Behalf Behave Behaviour Behavior Behind Being Belief Believe BellBelly Belong Below Belt Beneath Beneficial Benefit Beside Besides BestBet Betray Better Between Bewilder Beyond Bias Bible Bicycle BidBigBill BillionBinBind Biography Biology BirdBirth birthday Bit10.seek employment,take postgraduate entrance exam,go abroad for further study start abusiness.（工作，考研，出国留学，创业）Bite Bitter Bizarre Black Blame Blank Bless Blind Block Blog Blood Blow Blue Blueprint Blunt Board Boast Boat Body Bold Bone Bonus Book Boom Boost Boot Booth Border Bore Born Borrow Boss Both Bother Bottom Bound Boundary BoxBoy Boycott Bracket Brain Brake Branch11.understandably,university graduates,now without the glory of intellectual elites,are facing anuncertain future and hesitant to make a choice out of a variety of possibilities.Brand Brave Breadth Break Breakdown Breast Breath Breathe Breed Brick Bridge Brief Bright Bring Brisk Broad Broadcast Brochure Brow Brown Brui se Bubble Budget Build Building BulbBulk Bulletin Bunch Burden Bureaucracy BurnBurstBuryBus Business BusyButButcher Butter fly BuyBuzzByBypass12.obscure the fact that...(掩盖事实)CCabin Cable Cafe CakeC alculate Cal e ndar Call Calm Calorie camel Camera Camp Campaign Campus Can Canal Cancel Cancer Can didate Canteen Cap Capable Capacity Cape Capital Capitalism Captive CaptureCar carbohydrate CarbonCardCareCareer Careful Carrier CarryCart Cartoon CarveCaseCashCast13.not so much A as B(不是A，而是B)Castle Casual Casualty Cat Catch Categor y CaterCa the dral Ca tho lic Cause Caution Cautious Cease Ceiling Celebrate Celebrity Cell Cement Census Cent Central Center Century Ceremony CertainCertainly Certainty CertificateChainChairChairman Challen ge ChamberChance chancellor ChangeChanel 香奈儿ChannelChaosChapter Character Characteristic Characterize Charge14.life is full of unlimited possibilities.Cha rity Charm Charter Chase Chat Cheap Cheat Cheer Cheese Chemical Chemistry Cheque Cherry Chief Child Childhood China Chip Choice Choose Chop Christian Christ mas Chronic Chur ch Cigarette Circuit Circulate Circumstance CiteCitizenCityCivil Civilization civilizeClaimClarify ClarityClashClass Classic Classical Classify Classmate15.Dear Mr.President,I am a student in our university and writing to you remind you of a worrisome situation.Classroom Clause Claw Clean Clear Clergy Clerk Clever Click ClientCliff Climate Climb Cling ClinicClip Cloak Clock Clone Close Closet Clothes ClothingCloudClubClueClusterCoachCoalCoastCocaineCodeCoffeeCognitiveCoherentCoincideCoincidenceCola 可乐ColdColla borateCollapseCollarColleagueCollege16.The two photos reflect deep love between the mother and the daughter,bringing a comforting relief from frequently reported stay-at-home children and elder mistreatment cases.Collect Collection Collective Colonial Colony Color Column Comb Combat Combination Combine Come Comedy Comfort Comfortable Command Commend Commerce Commercial Commission Commit Committee Commodity Common Communi cate Communication Community Commute companion Company Compara ble Comparative Compare Comparison Compart ment Compass Compassion Compati ble Compel Compensate Compensation Compete Competent Competi tion17.As the world becomes materially rich,wealth accumulation and pursuit of comfort become afashion trend.Competi tive Compile Complain Complaint Complement Compli ment Complete Complex Complicate Comply Component Compose Composition Compound Comprehension Comprehensive Compress Comprise Compromise Compul sory Compute Computer Conceive Concentrate Concept Conception Concern Concerning Concert Concession Concise Conclude Conclusion Concrete Condemn Condense Condition Conduct Conductor Confer Conference Confess Confidence Confi dential18.turn a blind eye to sth.(忽视)Confine Confirm Conflict Conform Confront Confuse Confusion Congress Conjunction Connect Connection Conquer Conscious Consensus Consent Consequence Consequently Conservation Conservative Consider Considerable Considerate Consideration Consist Consistent Consolidate Conspicuous Conspiracy Constant Consti tuent Constitu te Constitution Constrain Construct Construction Consult Consultant Consume Consume Consumption Contact Contain Contem plate Contemporary19.life’s priorities. (人生优先选项)Contempt Contend Content Contest Context Continent Continual Continue Continuous Contract Contradict Contradiction Contrary contra st Contribute Contribution Control Controversial Controversy Convenience Convenient Conventional Convention Conversation Conversely Convert Convey Conviction Convince CookCool Cooperate Cooperation Cooperative Coordinate CopCopeCopy Copyright Core Corner Corporation Correct Correlate18.turn a blind eye to sth.(忽视)Correspond Correspondence Corresponding CorruptCosmicCostCostlyCos tumeCotta geCouldC oun cil CounselCountCounter Counterpart CountryCouple Coupon Courage Courage CourseCourt Courtesy Cousin Cover Crab Crack Craft Crash Crawl Create Creative Creature Credit Crew Cricket Crime Criminal Cripple Crisis Criter ion Critic Critical CriticismCriticize Crop Cross Crowd Crown Crucial Crude Cruel CrushCry Cucumber Cultivate Culture Cunning CupCurbCure Curiosity Curious Current Curri culum Curse Curve Custom Customary Customer CutCycleDDailyDam Damage 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2018年会计硕士考研辅导课件管理类联考强化班讲义英语二阅读
2018年会计硕士考研辅导课件管理类联考强化班讲义英语二阅读阅读1.考点分析2.题型方法3.真题讲解第一章考点分析考试要求1.理解主旨要义2.理解文中的具体信息3.理解语篇的结构和上下文的逻辑关系4.根据上下文推断重要生词或词组的含义5.进行一定的判断和推理6.理解作者的意图、观点或态度能力考察1.词汇量与词汇处理能力一词多义熟词僻义（convention）2.阅读能力长难句3.背景知识4.解题招数篇幅特征共四篇文章，总长度为1500词左右，每篇文章的长度多在375词左右，多由4~6段组成。
话题特征多选取西方国家尤其是美、英等国广泛关注的话题，文章主题可分为管理、商业经济、社会生活、文化教育、科普知识等。
体裁与结构模式现象分析型主张反主张观点／结论——论证概括——具体第二章题型方法阅读题型1.具体信息题2.语义理解题3.观点态度题4.推断题5.主旨要义题6.篇章结构题具体信息题1.题干特征According to the author/thetext/Paragraph X, ...whWhich of the following is true of...?Which of the following is true according to the text/the first two paragraphs?We learn from the lastparagraph/Paragraph X/the text that......feature/were characterized by.2.正确项特征是原文的同义重述（替换）——对原文进行重新加工，用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思。
1）同义词、近义词 2）替换3.干扰项特征偷换概念： A B答非所问：以偏概全：范围无中生有：正反混淆： not过于绝对： most all the only逻辑颠倒： A导出B4.解法单一信息题：一般只涉及某一个或多个句子综合信息题：针对文章的某一段或数段甚至全文进行提问，内容覆盖面较广选项代入语义理解题1.题干特征（1）词义题The word/phrase “...”（Line X,The word “...”（Line X, Paragraph X）Which of the following best defines the word “...”（Line X, Paragraph X）?（2）句意题The sentence “...”（Line X, ParagraphBy （saying）“...”（Line X, ParagraphWhat does the author mean by “...”（Line X, Paragraph X）?2.正确项特征原文中存在其同义词、近义词、反义词、原词、概括词或其他解释说明。
新东方在线考研英语强化班词汇电子版教材(完整版)
新东方在线考研英语强化班词汇电子版教材第一课时概述学习词汇常见错误：1. 单词的英文解释1）阅读汉语只能大概的描述英文，不能百分之百的精准的解释英文2）翻译翻译中某些单词在正确答案中对应的汉语释义是任何字典中没有的释义3）完形填空考察单词的深度而不是广度，考察单词细微的差异The oppressed ____ freedom.A. demandB. requireC. requestoppress→op+press 压迫press 挤，压→pressure 压力op=againstoppressed 被压迫的the+形容词表示一类人demand--ask for firmly, unwilling to accept a refusal (强烈的要求)require--the ruler set a rule with the expectation that it will be obeyed （统治者要求）request--ask for politely （礼貌的要求）2. 单词的例句1）精准地理解词汇2）给写作打下扎实的基础满意satisfied/content3. 单词的熟词生意late 死亡I can tell 我能够看出来brave 勇敢的，勇敢地面对brave the enemies' gunfire, march on, march on, march on, on, on...4. 单词的发音1）单词的发音是提高背单词效率的最好方法2）单词的读音给未来的听力考试打下扎实的基础community 社区每天花5 分钟时间跟读单词，读准后再背单词，这样单词才会背得立体如何合理的安排考研的时间：写作、阅读、词汇前两个月必须把考研词汇背三遍以上学习考研词汇的方法：1. 形象化chill 寒冷snowflake 雪花，雪片spark 火花trail 足迹，轨迹拖拉“一读，二拼，三变形，四拆，五分，六开屏”一读：就是所谓的谐音，就是根据读音联想到单词的意思nutrition 营养，营养品--谐音“牛吹神”sentimental 情绪化的，多愁善感的--谐音“三屉馒头”curse 诅咒--谐音“克死”二拼：就是利用汉语拼音来记单词schedule 时间表= s+che（车）+ du（堵）+ le（了）leisure 休息，休闲= lei（累）+ sure（一定）三变形：把词汇进行形状上的改变，变成我们能够编故事的单元garage 修车厂--g想成哥哥+(c)ar小汽车+age 年龄gloom 忧愁，郁闷--gl（隔离）+(r)oom四拆：就是把单词拆分成几个有效的记忆单元discipline 纪律scream 尖叫fate 命运doom 厄运五分：单词去掉一、两个字母，成为认识的单词，就要用五分的方法drown 使淹死，使溺死--r 去掉poise 使平衡--i 去掉routine 例行的事情--in去掉六开屏：通过熟悉的长单词来记忆不熟悉的短单词engine 发动机，引擎--engineer 工程师rub 摩擦--rubber 橡皮2. 组记pie 馅饼→lie 撒谎→tie 领带→die 死亡car 小汽车→scar 伤疤→scare 惊吓→scarf 围巾→scarlet 猩红色的shirt 衬衫→skirt 裙子→flirt 调戏→dirt 脏话3. 词根词缀1）辨别单词[1]The radio can _____ signals. A transmit B emit*“mit”表示send发射的意思：submit 提交；*trans＝across 跨越：port---transport 运输；plant---transplant 移植；transition 过渡时期；——transmit 跨越式的发射；*e＝out 向外：evaluate 评价；evaporate 蒸发；——emit 发散性的散射第二课时[2]disturb 打扰，perturb 烦扰，扰乱*turb = stir 搅动：turbine 涡轮机，turbulent 狂暴的、骚动的、动荡的狂暴的天气turbulent weather；骚动的人群turbulent crowd；动荡的时期turbulent period *dis = away 分开：discard 丢弃，抛弃*per = through 从头到尾：perfect = per + fect(do) 完美的；pervade = per + vade(walk) 弥漫2）统一单词的很多含义[1]compose 作曲，作图，写作，合成，由...组成*pose = put 摆放：expose 暴露，揭露；dispose 处理（disposable chopsticks一次性的筷子）；depose 罢免；degrade 使降级，使丢脸；be composed of 由……组成*com = together 一起：[2]confess 倾诉，忏悔，坦白*con = fully 完全的：condense 浓缩（dense 浓密的）；conceal 隐瞒，隐藏（seal 密封，封存）*fess = speak 说：professor=pro（forward）+fess（speak）+or （人）教授progress=pro（forward）+gress（go）进步[3]capital 首都，首写字母，资金，首要的*cap = head ：captain 船长3）猜测单词的含义compressed air 压缩空气；contact接触，联系；contact lens 隐形眼镜；intact forest 原始森林（*tact=touch 触摸；con = fully 完全的）I am explicit.. （我对我的过去直言不讳。
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2019考研英语考前点睛班讲义-英语一写作(12月14日) (1)
2019考研英语在线点睛班讲义（英语一写作）主讲人：何凯文第一部分：这些图这些描述版本一：By a contrast between two periods of a student’s life:the hard-working middle school times against the carefree college years,the cartoon above cast a critical eye on college student’s indifference to academic pursuits.版本二：As is shown above,the picture poses a contrast between college life and middle school life,showing that middle students are under the great academic pressure while college students are leading a care-free life.Version 1:The picture is a metaphor of life.If life is a voyage across water,then dream is the oar to our little boats,without which we would float aimless instead of directing our own courses.Version2:As is shown above,in a boat ildeliessly lies a man.It is not hard to notice that he has no direction and the oar is drifting away.The catption of the cartoon is refreshing and sparking that the life without dream is like a boat without oar.Version 3:Above stands a picture showing the importance of dream and ambition,which is symbolized by a man,a boat and a drifting oar.【关注微博 ：考研加油站吧 】【关注微信公众号 ：考研加油站吧 】文明出行让风景更美Version 1As is shown above,in the middle of the picture stands a young man,carrying the bag and being prepared to go to visit some scenic spots and historical sites.He is trying to embrace the poster:being a civilized traveler.This cartoon does demonstrate a topic that is worthy of our attention.Version 2The picture depicts a well-behaved tourist,who merrily embrace a figure representing “civilized travel”.As outbound Chinese tourism grow rapidly,it is becoming important that Chinese travelers project a positive image as a group.Version 3Above stands a picture showing the importance of courtesy and decency in the travelling,which is symbolized by a poster and a civilized traveler.As is shown above,in the middle of the picture stands a man setting the temperature of an air conditioner higher to save the energy.If posted on the Wechat,it will make the good copy in the newspaper.【关注微博 ：考研加油站吧 】【关注微信公众号 ：考研加油站吧 】The picture above shows a higher education institution setting up classes that say no to mobile phones.It touches on the controversy around college students’use of electronic devices on campus.The picture underscores the importance of trust by showing us how two men cut wood together.The absence of mutual trust will make it impossible to finish this job.The caption below shows that where there is no trust,there is no cooperation.As is shown above,in the middle of the picture stand a young man and an old man.The old man passes a gift,symbolizing the cultural heritage,to the young man,reminding the youngster to preserve the traditional culture.【关注微博 ：考研加油站吧 】【关注微信公众号 ：考研加油站吧 】Above stand two pictures,with left one showing a father is scolding his son’s poor physical condition despite of the son’s excellent academic performance,and with right one illustrating another mother is criticizing his son for his low test score,although he is really good at sports.If posted on Weibo,a popular social media in china these pictures will trigger heated discussion for they strike a chord with many users.As is shown above,in the middle of the picture sits a devoted researcher,working enthusiastically on his project despite of his recovery from the disease.The most striking feature of the cartoon that impresses me most is his professional dedication and professional ethics.Above stands a picture showing the importance of seizing the opportunity,which is symbolized by two individuals hunting the bird.【关注微博 ：考研加油站吧 】【关注微信公众号 ：考研加油站吧 】这些范文：As is shown above,in the middle of the picture walks a young man,suffering from the anxiety,depression and the disorder for the heavy burden of interpersonal relations,job-hunting pressure and further study plan.This picture,if posted on the social media,will definitely strike the cord with youngsters for it revealing a common scene among college students.The author of the picture demonstrates a common scene in today’s college education and illustrates some problems facing universities.Some scholars have already noticed that current college education focuses a lot on the academic study but fail to offer adequate exploration on the creativity and moral education,components critical to students’future lives and careers.And,one survey even suggests that most college students are coping with a lot of tedious paper work,with few breaks,and feeling the strain,with no substantial advance to speak of.That’s a reality that horrifies some educators.Many people have voiced their concerns about this issue.The clear message is that we should take more efforts and make some concrete initiatives to safeguard any possible adverse consequences.Fortunately,we have heard that some effective measures have been taken by authorities and a trend of focusing more on the quality of students is gradually emerging nationwide.There are good reasons to expect that a more advisable and healthy circumstance will be created on our campuses. 【关注微博 ：考研加油站吧 】【关注微信公众号 ：考研加油站吧 】As is shown above,on the playground tiredly runs a college student taking part in the physical test,dwarfed by the performance of a middle school student.If posted on Weibo,an influential social media in China,this picture will trigger heated discussion for its deep social implication and profound bearing on one’s growth.The picture shows us an interesting but provoking scene that the matter of physical health has been aroused our attention and stressed by authorities.To be sure,the physical health always plays the leading role on our way to the success.Sadly,however,from someday on,this invaluable quality has been gradually neglected by most of us.In most cases,we fail to translate it into practice just for trivial excuses,which will definitely lead to one’s poor performance and even a sorry state of affairs of our society.Beyond any doubt,the negative trend will exert adverse effects on one’s personal growth and will possibly hinder the advancement of a society.So,the picture is a prompt warning./So,the picture shows a good start.Much can be done.A string of campaigns,for example,should be initiated and promoted by institutions or authorities to further enhance people’s enthusiasm of physical exercise.With rational attitude and appropriate measures,a predictable ideal scene can be witnessed in which college students can tap the full potential and gain the rewarding life with good health condition. 【关注微博 ：考研加油站吧 】【关注微信公众号 ：考研加油站吧 】By a contrast between two periods of a student’s life:the hard-working middle school times against the carefree college years,the cartoon above cast a critical eye on college student’s indifference to academic pursuits.It is a serious problem that may undermine not only the future of individual students but also the collective strength of our economy.The existing education system has put too much emphasis on the college entrance examination that students approach knowledge with only scores in mind.They fail to recognize the true value of higher education and do not possess self-initiative to strive for deeper understanding.When they have entered college,a place where students are not merely rated by test scores,they falsely believe that they are safe from competition and can thus “take it easy”.It’s a terrible miscaculation.When you fail a test,you may have to spent extra years to attend college.But when you fail your college education,the society,in time,will teach you a tough lesson by giving you a unpromising future without warning and without recourse.In a word,we cannot afford to throw away valuable time and educational resources any more.It is time that college students change their passive attitude towards learning and start to strive for academic excellence on their own initiative.Above stand two pictures,with left one showing that middle school students are under the great academic pressure and with right one illustrating college students are leading a care-free life style.These cartoons will trigger heated discussion for they strike a chord with many people.The pictures above show that the good college education is beneficial to individuals’growth and always indispensable to social progress.In other words,the right way to spend the college life will ensure individual achievements and boost collective successes.Many admit the waste of prime time and idle way of spending college years will exert adverse effects on one’s personal growth and hinder the betterment of society(community).选择句一：(正)Obviously,the pictures highlight the benefits and merits of the excellent family education.选择句二：(负)Evidently ，the pictures dramatize the detrimental impacts caused by the lack of proper college education.So,abundant attention should be attached by all of us.Fortunately,it has captured wide media attention,occupying newspaper headlines and sparking heated discussion on the web.This is a promising start.From my personal perspective,this matter of fact/the status quo/the cultivation of this trait demands more than devoted attention but the instant action as well.A string of campaigns should be initiated and promoted by authorities to enhance people’s awareness of it.The involvement of experts and scholars is also necessary.Their scientific and proper proposals usually help a lot.With rational attitude and appropriate measures,a predictable ideal scene can be witnessed in which we can live our comfortable life with less anxiety and worries/individuals can tap their full potential with the guidance of this trait. 【关注微博 ：考研加油站吧 】【关注微信公众号 ：考研加油站吧 】The picture shows a scene of career fair,in which fresh graduates queueing up to ask the potential employer for information relating to the job vacancy,including accommodation,career prospects and salary level.The students’straightforward manner in expressing their deepest concerns indicates a positive trend in the job market.Students seeking employment used to be shy about asking for pay and benefits,for fear of losing favor with the interviewer.The robust economy has changed the power dynamics between young people and recruiters.They have become equal partners at the negotiating table.Students no longer have to look up to the companies for favor of hiring,instead they are favoring businesses with their skills and wisdom.Human resource personnel find it useless to employ mind games to trick or trap college graduates.This is what a healthy job market should look like.Brilliant young people get rewarded for their abilities to generate value and their tenuous efforts at acquiring a craft,while companies attract talents with clear and fair monetary conditions.This new attitude towards employment not only is beneficial for the individual development,but also serves to facilitate a more harmonious and efficient business environment.In brief,I applaud the new generation of confident college students.The picture illustrates a young man holding a resume jumping from one bowl (represents a company)to another.What it tries to convey is that job-hopping is on the rise among young adults,who have lower employee loyalty than previous generations and happily switch allegiance when better opportunity calls.Despite the common lament over the irresponsible young generation,it is actually a trend that grows naturally out of today’s fast-changing business landscape and will serve to sustain the growth of the vibrant new economy.People used to be judged as unreliable and money-grabbing if their records indicate that they have held more than two jobs shorter than two years.Human resource managers used to put this kind of resumes aside without second thought.But employees,especially fresh graduates,do not need to worry about building a bad image due to job-hopping anymore.It has not only become more acceptable,but also increasingly encouraged by companies who are desperate for open-minded talents that can bring new perspectives and adapt to different roles fast.A lot of old-fashioned critics blame the younger generation for having no sense of loyalty.But they are wrong.The nature of work has changed.What the young have done is only to bravely embrace the new business world,take risks and generate more value for the society as a whole. 【关注微博 ：考研加油站吧 】【关注微信公众号 ：考研加油站吧 】第二部分：应用文Letter E-mail NoticeMemoReport 小作文必看词：动词：Share/make/express名词：Acknowledgement (致谢)thanks(感谢)welcome (欢迎)inquiry (咨询)Complaint （投诉）Sorry （道歉）regrets （道歉）Resignation （辞职）application （求职/申请）congratulation （祝贺）Recommendation （推荐）advice （建议）suggestion （建议）Dear_____,I am____I am writing this letter to express my _____concerning______.In the first place,I would like to say thank you for your reading of this letter.Meanwhile,I also want this letter will make my idea clear.Firstly,I have found that_______.Secondly,I want to _______.Finally,I hope that____.Thank you again for your attention.I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.With best wishes for the coming New Year!By the way,as the New Year is quickly approaching,I take this opportunity to send my greetings and best wishes to you for the year of 2019.If there is any question or details you want know,don’t hesitate to contact us during our working hours.Your coming call or visit will be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely,Li Ming Dear sir,I am writing this letter to share/express/make ______.I hope this letter won’t bother you and made myself clear.Firstly,I’d like to present here is _____.Secondly,the related fact of this matter is that_____.Finally,what we should not ignore is ______.I’d like to express my ____again.I hope that____.I believe _____.I am looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.【关注微博 ：考研加油站吧 】【关注微信公众号 ：考研加油站吧 】Dear____,My name is _______,and I am ________.I am writing this letter to express ____regarding____.This is also the main reason of writing this letter.There are a few factors involved.For one thing,_____.For another,______.In addition,_____.It seems to me that all these things make this letter necessary and I am anticipating ______It would be great if you could ______.I am looking forward to hearing from you.With best wishes!Yours sincerely,Li Ming NoticeI am____I am representing ______and writing this notice to express my _____concerning______.In the first place,I would like to say thank you for your reading of this notice.Meanwhile,I also want this notice will make my idea clear.Firstly,I have found that_______.Secondly,I want to _______.Finally,I hope that____.Thank you again for your attention.I am looking forward to your_____.If there is any question or details you want know,don’t hesitate to contact us during our working hours.Your coming call or visit will be highly appreciated.With best wishes for the coming New Year!(替换语：By the way,as the New Year is quickly approaching,I take this opportunity to send my greetings and best wishes to you for the year of 2019.)The Students Union 齐头式范文：Dear Professor Stevens,I am Li Ming,a senior student of our university major in civil engineering.I am writing this letter to apply for the position of teaching assistant for the course of American History Introduction.I think I am qualified and suitable for this position for the following reasons.Firstly,I have the good communication skills and I am enthusiastic enough to finish your assignment and serve the classmates.Secondly,since my second college year,I have worked as a teaching assistant for Kevin’s mathematic courses.My performance is acknowledged by him and his recommendation letter is attached in this letter.I hope you can accept my application.It will be my great honor and privilege.If there is any question or details you want to know,I am always ready to offer the answer.With my best wishes!Yours sincerely,Li Ming【关注微博 ：考研加油站吧 】【关注微信公众号 ：考研加油站吧 】。
考研英语(一)真题完整版
考研英语(一)真题完整版2022年考研英语(一)真题完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following te某t. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity e某ists in smell genes is difficult to e某plain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that_(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this couldhelp_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply e某plain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European e某traction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] e某amples6. [A] insignificant [B] une某pected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]e某press17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection II Reading ComprehensionSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four te某ts. Answer the questions below each te某t by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Te某t 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.” But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanishcrisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that e某plains monarchs’ continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East e某cepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royalfamilies have survived because they allow voters to avoid thedifficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure. Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolicof national unity as they claim to be, their very history—andsometimes the way they behave today – embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish e某ample.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an e某pensive taste oflifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service – as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D]ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats’ e某cessive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the te某t?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, An某ious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsTE某T 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Cpurt will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions thatauthorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that e某ploring the contents of a smartphone- a vast storehouse ofdigital information is s imilar to say, going through a suspect’s purse .The court has ruled that police don't violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or porcketbook, of an arrestee without a warrant. But e某ploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain anarrestee’s reading history ,financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing.” meanwhile, has made that e某ploration so much the easier.Bu t the justices should not swallow California’s argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the e某plosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest,it is legitimate to[A] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant.[B] check suspects’ phone contents without being authorized.[C] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A] tolerance.[B] indifference.[C] disapproval.[D] cautiousness.28. The author believes that e某ploring one’s phone content is comparable to[A] getting into one’s residence.[B] handing one’s historical records.[C] scanning one’s correspondences.[D] going through one’s wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly e某pressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] phones are used to store sensitive information.[D] citizens’ privacy is not effective protected.30.Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that(A)the Constitution should be implemented fle某ibly.(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.(C)California’s argument violates princip les of the Constitution.(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.Te某t 3The journal Science is adding an e某tra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven e某perts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manuwill be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s int ernal editors, or by its e某isting Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find e某ternal statisticians to review these manus.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he e某pects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”31、It can be learned from Paragraph I that[A] Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.[B]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32、The phrase “flagged up ”(Para.2)is the closest in meaning to[A]found.[B]revised.[C]marked[D]stored33、Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A]pose a threat to all its peers[B]meet with strong opposition[C]increase Science’s circulation.[D]set an e某ample for other journals34、David Vau某 holds that what Science is doing nowA. adds to researchers’ worklosd.B. diminishes the role of reviewers.C. has room for further improvement.D. is to fail in the foreseeable future.35. Which of the following is the best title of the te某t?A. Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in PapersB. Professional Statisticians Deserve More RespectC. Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ DesksD. Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceTe某t 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of o ur institutions”. Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market. But “it’s us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit”.Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of mora l purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought, making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one e某-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2022 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This saga still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which thetrial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knewnothing.In today’s world, it has become normal that well-paid e某ecutives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, fle某ibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulationand impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about howher journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gaveno instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. Accordign to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by(A) the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.(B) companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices(C) governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.(D) the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that(A) Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.(B) more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.(C) Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.(D) phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes that Rebekah Brooks’s defence(A) revealed a cunning personality.(B) centered on trivial issues.(C) was hardly convincing.(D) was part of a conspiracy.39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows(A) generally distorted values.(B) unfair wealth distribution.(C) a marginalized lifestyle.(D) a rigid moral code.40 Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?(A) The quality of writings is of primary importance.(B) Common humanity is central to news reporting.(C) Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.(D) Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections:In the following te某t, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your e某plicit knowledge of English grammar (41) ______you begin to infer a conte某t for the te某t, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not justpassive assimilation but of active engagement inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and cues (42) _______ Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow e某actly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fi某ed or “true” meaning that can be read off and clocked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the te某t to the world. (43) _______Such background material inevitably reflects who we are, (44)_______This doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social e某periences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page-including for te某ts that engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about te某ts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given te某t also depends to some e某tent on our particular interest in reading it. (45)_______such dimensions of read suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy or relationship to your surrounding te某tual environment.[A] Are we studying that te某t and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply forpleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C] If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess attheir meaning, using clues presented in the contest. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D]In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E]You make further inferences, for instance, about how the test may be significant to you, or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.[F]In plays，novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.[G]Rather, we ascribe meanings to test on the basis ofinteraction between what we might call te某tual and conte某tual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a te某t’s formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief andattitude that we bring to the te某t.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following te某t carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America. 46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was aprojection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and 16th-century e某plorations ofNorth America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Me某ico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their si某- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.“To the an某ious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost ine某pressible relief.” said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.” The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house which e某tended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.Section IV WritingPart A51. Directions:You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) e某plain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2022考研英语一真题参考答案完形填空参考答案1、What2、Concluded3、On4、Compared5、Samples6、Insignificant7、know8、resemble9、also10、Perhaps11、to12、drive13、rather than14、benefits15、faster16、understand17、contributory18、tendency19、Ethnic20、seeII Reading comprehensionPart A21.D ended his reign in embarrassment.22. C to give voters more public figures to look up to23. A the role of the nobility in modern democracy24. D fails to adapt himself to his future role.25. D Carlos, a lesson for all Monarchies26. C check suspect's phone contents without being authorized.27.A disapproval28.A getting into one's residence29. C citizens' privacy is not effectively protected30.B new technology requires reinterpretation of the constitution31.B journals are strengthening their statistical checks32.B marked33. D set an e某ample for other journals34. C has room for further improvement35.A science joins Push to screen statistics in papers36. D the consequences of the current sorting mechanism37. A more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking38. C was hardly convincing39. B generally distorted values40. D moral awareness matters in editing a newspaperPart B41.C If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess attheir meaning, using…42.E You make further inferences...43.G Rather ,we ascribe meanings to...44.B factors such as...45.A Are we studying that ...Part C46)受到各种强大的动机所驱使，这场运动在荒野中开创了一个国家;本质使然，它也塑造了这片未知大陆的性格和命运。
考研英语一阅读理解专项强化真题试卷3(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语一阅读理解专项强化真题试卷3(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.The standardized educational or psychological tests, that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in Congress. The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics turn attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified condition. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless , or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user. All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance. How well the predictions will be supported by later performance depends upon the a-mount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error. Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person has learned, the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is. The information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience, and upon such factors as cost and availability.1．What is the author’s attitude towards standardized tests?A．Negative.B．Positive.C．Slightly critical.D．Both A and B正确答案：D解析：第一段中作者指出考试是一种tool，然后又说明根据users的不同，它可能有价值也可能毫无意义，故D项正确。
考研英语一补全短文专项强化真题试卷7(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语一补全短文专项强化真题试卷7(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the 1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution. Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection. (41) ______ American social scientist Lewis Henry Morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late 1800s. Morgan helped found modern anthropology—the scientific study of human societies, customs and beliefs—thus becoming one of the earliest anthropologists. In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies. (42) ______ In the early 1900s in North America, German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism. Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology. (43) ______ Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture. (44) ______ Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. But a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism. Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures. (45) ______ Also in the early 1900s, French sociologist Emile Durkheim developed a theory of culture that would greatly influence anthropology. Durkheim proposed that religious beliefs functioned to reinforce social solidarity. An interest in the relationship between the function of society and culture became a major theme in European, and especially British, anthropology.A. Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society. This theory was known as diffusionism.B. In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, he became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy.C. He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the “survival of the fittest,”in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies,D. They also focused on important rituals that appeared to preserve a people’s social structure, such as initiation ceremonies that formally signify children’s entrance into adulthood.E. Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.F. Supporters of the theory viewedculture as a collection of integrated parts that work together to keep a society functioning.G. For example, British anthropologists Grafton Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry incorrectly suggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world. In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different times in many parts of the world.正确答案：C解析：文章第一段提到了斯宾塞提出的观点，下文需要找到对其观点的一个补充说明，说明人类社会随时间而改变并趋于完善，选项中C的答案符合这一补充说明观点。
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• The situation being so serious , it is high time
that...
(3)as引导的让步状语从句
• Although she is a girl, she sings like a man. • 尽管漫画很简单，但其寓意却非常深刻。 • Girl as she is , she sings like a man . • Simple as the picture is , the meaning
behind it is as deep as ocean .
• 入乡随俗： （ 4 ）状语从句的省略问题 • When in Rome, do as Romans do . • When you are (状从的省略) in Rome, you • 6岁的时候，我爸开始给我讲英文。 • when at the age of 6, my father began to
• 语言的升级替换
think有哪些词可以换？
• • • • • • •
claim argue
insist
guess in my view from my point of view as far as I can see
• contend • consider • commit to the notion • as far as I am concerned • take the attitude that...
• 选词时要避免： • 用不当的词来修饰不当的人或物
• handsome American girl
• 切忌乱造词 • volunteer --> free women ? • work without paid/ salary / money • 原则：宁用正确的简单词，不用错误的复杂词
• 语言的降级替换——简单近义词 • in the contemporary society • contemporary--> • today’s --> • at present --> • nowadays --> • now
（2）句式
• 简单句变复杂的方法 • 五大经典句型
• （小潘）老师讲课。 • 在一个炎热的夏日午后，在无比宽
敞明亮的合肥新东方的教室，一个 黑黑胖胖的穿着短袖t恤的老师，毫 无疑问，一个极其优秀的女教师， 激情四射地讲着一节极其简单的考 研写作课，这给大家留下了深刻的 印象。
• （1） adj. & adv. • （2）插入语， • （3）介词结构做修饰语 ， • （4） 非限制性定语从句， • （5）非谓语动词
• when at the age of 6, I was taught English
级
• 介词地点状语提前，后接系表倒装。 • A young lady stands in the sunshine. • In the sunshine stands a young lady. • only 置于句首的部分倒装。 • 只有采取这些措施，我们才能… • Only with these measures taken can
• 我不是一名教师，但是我讲课。 • I am not a teacher. I give classes. • Not being a teacher, I give classes. • I, not being a teacher, give classes.
• （韩非子）汝非鱼， 安之鱼之乐乎？ • You are not a fish yourself. How can
you know the happiness of a fish?
• How can you, not being a fish yourself,
know the happiness of a fish?
• be 和 give 哪个变？ • I， being a teacher, give classes. • 如果主语不同呢？ • 作为一个老师的我，讲课。 •• It is hot today. I stay at home. I am a teacher, giving classes. • It being hot today, I stay at home. • 我是一个老师，讲课的老师。
复习安排
对照PPT补充讲义（8月31日前）
大作文不同类型话题写作（10月31日前）
大作文正反例子和小作文分类（11月30日前） 考前：冲刺班、预测班、近三年真题练习
精读
背诵
默写
互译
效仿
考研写作评分规则
•
A节应用文
• • • •
信息点的覆盖
内容的组织
语言的准确性
格式语域的恰当
• B节大作文 • 内容的完整性 • 文章的组织连贯性 • 语法结构和词汇的多
• (4)非限制性定语从句：(这） which • , which leave us deep impression • , which lead us to find what hide
behind the iceberg
• (5)非谓语动词 • （韩非子）汝非鱼， 安之鱼之乐乎？ • 你自己本身不是鱼，怎能知道鱼的快乐呢？ • 05.养老 鱼—老人， 乐—孤独 loneliness • 06. 追星 鱼—青少年 happiness • 03. 温室花朵 （家长不是孩子，怎能感受到将
六 级 以 上
• individuals, the public • 分类： • boys and girls • men and women • the old and the young • Chinese and foreigners
人 people
• be of great
importance
二、内容
• 1、相关即可，自圆其说 （Phelps） • 2、避免跑题，内容趋同 （温室花朵） • 3、万能话题，一例多用
万能话题的选择——一例多用
• 环保话题： • 1、在你家周围建立一个工厂，你是否
同意？
• 2、你认为科学家对人类的贡献大还是
艺术家对人类的贡献大？
• 3、你的职业梦想是什么？ • 4、如果让你发明一样机器，你会选择
重要
• play a key role • significantly • significant • crucially • crucial • essentially • essential
very
different
• various • a variety of • vary from person to person
• 总结： • 当前后两个句子的主语相同的时候，
可以去掉一个主语，将句号改为逗 号，并将其中一个动词变为ing.
• 主语不相同的时候，保留主语。
五大经典句型
• （1）倒装句 • （2）虚拟语气 • （3）as 引导的让步结构 • （4）状语从句的省略问题 • （5） other than 比较级表示最高
parents
• the senior citizens, our aging parents,
• b. 主语谓语之间的插入语。 • Undoubtedly, I am a great teacher. • I, undoubtedly, am a great teacher.
• （3）介词结构做修饰 • 时间状语结构： in recent years • 地点状语结构： in the world
• 积累相关主题词 • 世界贸易组织: World Trade Organization • 可持续发展： sustainable development • 坚持不懈： persistence
• 运用精彩范文词汇 • Cruise 闯入 • With so many superstars, the Brazilian team
什么？
• 正面话题：希望工程 • 负面话题：Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Case • 中立话题：正面与负面的例子同时用
三、语言最重要
• 1、黄金开头原则 • 2、语言的提高——点链突破法
• From the picture, we can saw a
tiny bird crying for its house.
8分
1、黄金开头原则
• The picture depicts a little bird
shedding tears for the loss of its paradise. 15分
2、点链突破法
• 点：词汇 • 正确 • 多样 • 连贯
• 句子
（1）词汇
• 积累主题词 ，运用精彩词 • 正确简单词，摒弃错误词 • 语言的升降级替换 • 简单词复杂化的方法 • 语言的衔接流畅——起、承、转、合
• （1）adj. , adv. • measures ---> effective measures • depict --> vividly depicted
（2）插入语
• a.同位语做插入语 • 2006. 养老足球赛 • the senior citizens who are our aging
•
目标：8分
时间：15分钟
• B节大作文 • 160-200 words • 平均分10（20）分 • 目标：14分 • 时间：35分钟
写 作 30 分
大 作 文 20分
图画作文
开头段Байду номын сангаас
中间段
图画、图表
正面话题 中立话题
图表作文
结尾段
负面话题
格式
小 作 文 10分
信件 内容分类