南京农业大学考研初试真题之英语二外2004年考研真题
南京农业大学英汉互译2004真题
南京农业大学2004年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题试题编号：433 试题名称：英汉互译注意：答题一律答在答题纸上，答在草稿纸或试卷上一律无效I. Translate the following into English (每小题15分，共75)1．通信卫星系统在过去的几十年中取得了很大的成功，已引起人们对其未来的广泛关注。
一些国家正在采用卫星来发展国内的通信，以取代传统的陆地电话线。
但是，卫星的研制，发射和运转的成本很高，超出了一些国家的经济承受能力。
尽管如此，通信卫星系统得到越来越多的人的重视和支持。
这种技术在未来会更加普及。
2．我们应该大力恢复和保护森林和土地，减缓人口增长，减轻发展中国家的债务，提高能源效率，开发可再生资源，如水力、太阳能等。
恢复热带森林不仅将保护数以万计的鲜为人知的生物物种，而且有助于吸收大气中的二氧化碳——延缓“温室效应”引起的地球变暖过程。
3．中美两国在社会制度和对外政策上有着本质的区别。
但是，双方同意，各国不论社会制度如何，都应该根据尊重各国主权和领土完整、不侵犯别国、不干涉别国内政、平等互利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之间的关系。
国际争端应在此基础上予以解决，而不诉诸武力和武力威胁。
4．创造一个品牌需要时间，金钱和市场知识。
一些中国品牌以有竞争力的价位为后盾，已经挤进了国际市场，但是同时也采用了其他战略。
例如“海尔”——中国最负盛名的家用电器生产商，已经明显地从价格战略上转变过来，以产品质量、高效的销售和售后服务来进行竞争。
5．中国民俗文化村是国内第一个荟萃各民族的民间、民俗风情和民居建筑于一园的大型文化游览区。
它坐落在风光秀丽的深圳湾畔，占地18万平方米。
您可以在一日之内，或乘车，或步行，或乘船在村寨里尽情游历。
除了可以了解各民族的建筑风格之外，还可以欣赏和参与各民族的歌舞表演、民族工艺品生产和民族风味食品制作的表演。
本试题共2页,第1页。
南京农业大学考研初试真题之西方经济学2004年考研真题
南京农业大学
2004 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
试题编号： 403 试题名称：《西方经济学》
注意：答题一律答在答题纸上，答在草稿纸或试卷上一律无效
一、选择题 （每小题 2分，共40分，选出最合适的一个选项）
1、若X与Y两种产品的交叉价格弹性为-3，则：
A. 它们是替代品； B．它们是正常商品；
C．它们是劣质商品； D．它们是互补品。
2、如果一种正常物品价格上升，收入效应：
A. 将增加该物品的消费，替代效应将减少该物品的消费
B．将减少该物品的消费，替代效应将增加该物品的消费
C．和替代效应都会增加该物品的消费
D. 和替代效应都会减少该物品的消费
3、如果厂商增加1单位劳动使用量的同时减少3单位资本使用量，而仍获得同样的产出量，则MRTSLK 为：
A. －1/3；
B. －3；
C. －1；
D. 1/3。
4、如果企业生产用材料购进时400元，现在市场价500元；企业主如果干其他工作可获收入600元。
微观经济分析中这两项的成本是：
A. 1000元；
B.1100元；
C. 400元；
D.500元。
5、完全竞争条件下，在达到行业长期均衡时，每个厂商：
A. 只能获得正常利润；
B. 能够获得超额利润；
C. 可能会亏损；
D. 以上三种情况都可能存在。
2004年全国考研英语试题及答案.doc
2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section II Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 大21家on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 大22家they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 大23家with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 大24家to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 大25家as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 大26家the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 大27家lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 大28家to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 大29家juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 大30家to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 大31家make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 大32家lead moreyouths into criminal behavior.Families have also 大33家changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 大34家, children are likely to have less supervision at home 大35家was common in the traditional family 大36家. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 大37家causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 大38家of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 大39家of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 大40家 a directcausal relationship has not yet been established.21. [A] acting[B] relying[C] centering[D] commenting22. [A] before[B] unless[C] until[D] because23. [A] interaction[B] assimilation[C] cooperation[D] consultation24. [A] return[B] reply[C] reference[D] response25. [A] or[B] but rather[C] but[D] or else26. [A] considering[B] ignoring[C] highlighting[D] discarding27. [A] on[B] in[C] for[D] with28. [A] immune[B] resistant[C] sensitive[D] subject29. [A] affect[B] reduce[C] check[D] reflect30. [A] point[B] lead[C] come[D] amount31. [A] in general[B] on average[C] by contrast[D] at length32. [A] case[B] short[C] turn[D] essence33. [A] survived[B] noticed[C] undertaken[D] experienced34. [A] contrarily[B] consequently[C] similarly[D] simultaneously35. [A] than[B] that[C] which[D] as36. [A] system[B] structure[C] concept[D] heritage37. [A] assessable[B] identifiable[C] negligible[D] incredible38. [A] expense[B] restriction[C] allocation[D] availability39. [A] incidence[B] awareness[C] exposure[D] popularity40. [A] provided[B] since[C] although[D] supposingSection III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Markyour answers on A NSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database onthe Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal se interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails themlegal, intellectual property,when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywordsand Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an open ing. “I struck g old,” says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can betime-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. B ut although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do -- then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert. “There’s no career coe best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in aall of this.” Instead, thparticular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a da tabase that might interest me,” says the author job-searching guide.agent sends out Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’smessages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs --those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have tovisit the site again to find them -- and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselveswhen negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search agent means having anoth of eyes looking out for you.41. How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.42. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling.[B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency.[D] Fewer successful matches.43. The expression “tip service” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.[A] advisory[B] compensation[C] interaction[D] reminder44. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.45. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal.But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half ofthe alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has inlife over Zo?Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet agains just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countriesare alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if oneof them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world’s five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Alle and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. Soshort-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posedby those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awardsfirst; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn upalphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.46. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA A cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.47. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zo? Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.48. The 4th paragraph suggests that ________.[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight-3, Paragraph 5)?49. What does the author m ean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ” (Lines 2[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.50. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3-year-old When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet. But the 47 manicurist isn’t cutting, filling or polishing as many nails as she’d like to, either. Most of $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames thea good economic indicator,” she says. “I provide a service that people can do softening economy. “I’mSo Spero is downscaling, shopping at without when they’re concerned about saving some dollars.” middle-brow Dillard’s department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. don’t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too.” she says.-hot economy is cooling, lots of working Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission that America’s redfolks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales havebeen lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year’s pace. But don’t s yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they’re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there’s a happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Inst-estate broker. And20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,” says John Tealdi, a Bay Area realmost folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interestrates. Employers wouldn’t mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have beeinfluenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan’s hot new Alain Ducasse restaur impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.-2, Paragraph 1), the author means ________.51. By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet” (Lines 1[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation52. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic.[B] Confused.[C] Carefree.[D] Panicked.-4, Paragraph 3) the author is talking53. When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range” (Lines 3about ________.[A] gold market[B] real estate[C] stock exchange[D] venture investment54. Why can many people see “silver linings” to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.55. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education --not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.says “Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” Left Back: A education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch’s latest boo Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideasof others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Ric in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism inUS politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation roMark Twain’sor 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.” Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized -- going to school and learning to read -- so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate,re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country’s e is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerne to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”56. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.57. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of ________.[A] undervaluing intellect[B] favoring intellectualism[C] supporting school reform[D] suppressing native intelligence58. The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are ________.[A] identical[B] similar[C] complementary[D] opposite59. Emerson, according to the text, is probably ________.[A] a pioneer of education reform[B] an opponent of intellectualism[C] a scholar in favor of intellect[D] an advocate of regular schooling60. What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies power.Part BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries. 61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own.Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. 62) We are obliged tothem because s ome of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however,nguage, were not always so grateful. 63) Thewho were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic” lanewly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native Americanlanguages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. 64) Being Sapir’sinterested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. 65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.2004年考研英语真题答案Section II: Use of English (10 points)21. [C] 22. [D] 23. [A] 24. [D] 25. [A]26. [B] 27. [C] 28. [D] 29. [A] 30. [B]31. [A] 32. [C] 33. [D] 34. [B] 35. [A]36. [B] 37. [B] 38. [D] 39. [A] 40. [C]Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points)41. [C] 42. [A] 43. [D] 44. [B] 45. [C]46. [A] 47. [D] 48. [C] 49. [B] 50. [D]51. [D] 52. [A] 53. [B] 54. [A] 55. [C]56. [C] 57. [A] 58. [D] 59. [B] 60. [C]Part B (10 points)61. 希腊人认为, 语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
南京农业大学考研初试真题之基础英语2004年考研真题
南京农业大学2004 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题试题编号： 327 试题名称：基础英语注意：答题一律答在答题纸上，答在草稿纸或试卷上一律无效Part I Reading Comprehension (60 points) Passage OneDirections:1. Write an outline of the main points covered in the following reading material. (10 points)2. What institutional constraints have been mentioned in this text? As a language learner, what do you think of the role of the individual learner, especially in terms of learner autonomy and learner possibility? (10 points)Over the last quarter of the twentieth century, the (English) language teaching profession has undergone many changes. One interesting example of this is the role of materials, and in particular, in the nature of course book provision. The market for‘main courses’ has grown enormously, and the top five course book series, in Britain alone, generate very large sales indeed. Responding to these greater rewards for producing successful courses, the series themselves have changed dramatically. Book now contain far more material, with ‘multi’ syllabuses (Swan and Walter 1984-87) as well as extensive accompanying material. In addition, the professionalism of the publishing process means that those series which are published have survived a rigorous monitoring and piloting schedule which is likely to have caused significant rejection of unsatisfactory material and revision of almost everything which remains. All this, of course, represents a significant advance. It is difficult not to conclude that the materials which are now available are not simply more extensive but are also of better quality than their predecessors. In some ways these developments have rendered out-of-date an interesting exchange on the value of language teaching materials. Allwright (1981) argued that commercial materials are a juggernaut which are stifling for the individual and the mediating contributions that can be made by the teacher. In contrast, O’Neill (1982) argued that it is better to use professional materials than those produced under difficult circumstances by amateurs. The debate was nicely balanced, with each party making unanswered points, and the conclusion being a difficult one to draw. So it is all the more striking that since then the O’Neill position has seemed to prevail by default. Since the time of the debate we have seen an astonishing growth in accepted importance of a relatively small number of well produced course book series, with the result that the position that Allwright argued so cogently has been marginalized.This, of course, leads us to consider the price that we have had to pay for such progress. Clearly, a central factor underlying publisher behavior is to maximize。
英语二2004年考研真题
英语二2004年考研真题随着全球化的发展和各国交流的增加，英语已经成为了国际间的通用语言。
因此，英语能力对于人们的职业发展和国际交流至关重要。
英语二是考研中的一门英语考试科目，下面我们将对2004年的英语二考研真题进行分析和解答。
Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Through all the long years of their history, the Dutch have been pioneers of a kind, entering new lands to live off what they could grow, rear or catch. But with more than four-fifths of the Netherlands reclaimed from the sea, the Dutch leaders are once again looking overseas for ways to satisfy their people’s needs. The result may be a new chapter in Dutch history, today’s Food Valley, a network of high-tech companies, food institutions and research institutes extending outwards from the Wageningen Agricultural University, near the Rhine between Amsterdam and Arnhem.The attraction for foreign investors lies in the sheer (全部的) concentration of centres of expertise linked to food and food production. “The Food Valley area is unique in Europe, with all the knowledge chain in place, from lab (实验室) to plate (盘子). We have everything here. We produce our own knowledge and can do it quickly,” says Willem Bettink, the director of Food Valley. “We’ve got a lot of good things going on here and they are being well publicized.”At the heart of the Food Valley is the Wageningen Agricultural University, with links to companies and research institutes worldwide. Established in 1918, it was originally set up to train agricultural scientists for Dutch plantations in the East Indies, but the focus quickly changed when the East Indies gained independence in 1945. The university is now a leading centre of agricultural research and knowledge transfer. In the post-war years, as Europe was coming to terms with the consequences of the war, it was decided that food production and self-sufficiency in food w as of the nation’s strategic importance. With the Cold War, fear of trade disruption and, since then, fears of over reliance on food imports have been a constant worry.As one of Holland’s top institutions, Wageningen University has an international reputation equal to that of Oxford or Cambridge. The university currently has 5,000 students and 2,000 researchers. Little wonder then that among people in the food industry, the Netherlands is often listed alongside Denmark and Switzerland as one of the world’s top food-exporting countries in terms of its share of GDP, the quality and variety of what it produces, and the international link between researchers and entrepreneurs.1. What does the author mean by saying “the Dutch have been pioneers of a kind” (Line 1)A) The Dutch are a kind of pioneers.B) The Dutch have pioneered new ways of living.C) The Dutch are the ancestors of pioneers.D) The Dutch have been doing pioneering work.2. What does the author say about the Netherlands in the first paragraph? (Lines 2-4)A) The Netherlands has a long history of living off of the land.B) The Netherlands has recently begun to satisfy its own needs.C) The Netherlands is looking overseas for ways to make more land.D) The Netherlands is a country of pioneers.3. According to the passage, what is the Food Valley area in the Netherlands? (Lines 8-9)A) It is a place in the Netherlands with a lot of food.B) It is a place where the Netherlands grows all of its own food.C) It is a place where the Netherlands produces and studies food.D) It is a place where the Netherlands and other countries have linked up.4. How does the director of Food Valley describe his institutions? (Lines 10-12)A) As a leading provider of food in Europe.B) As the best lab in Europe.C) As a useful place to buy food.D) As having everything needed to study food.5. According to the passage, why was the Wageningen University originally set up? (Lines 16-18)A) To grow food for Dutch people.B) To train people to grow food in Dutch plantations.C) To train people to grow food in the East Indies.D) To train people to study agriculture.解析1. D) The Dutch have been doing pioneering work.通过历史可以看出，荷兰人做了一些先驱性的工作，到新的土地上生活，靠自己种植、养殖或捕捞。
2004 考研英语二真题及答案解析
2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For questions 1-5, you will hear a talk about the geography of Belgium. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Geography of BelgiumPart BDirections:For Questions 6-10, you will hear an interview with Mr. Saffo from the Institute for the Future. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)What is Saffo according to himself?The Institute for the Future provides services to private companies and ________.The Institute believes that to think systematically about the long-range future is________.To succeed in anything, one should be flexible, curious and________.What does Saffo consider to be essential to the work of a team?Part CDirections:You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing [A], [B], [C] or[D]. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only.(10 points)Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk about naming newborns. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.11. What do we often do with the things we love?[A] Ask for their names.[B] Name babies after them.[C] Put down their names.[D] Choose names for them.12. The unpleasant meaning of an old family name is often overlooked if ________.[A] the family tree is fairly limited[B] the family tie is strong enough[C] the name is commonly used[D] nobody in the family complains13. Several months after a baby’s birth, its name will ________.[A] show the beauty of its own[B] develop more associations[C] lose the original meaning[D] help form the baby’s personalityQuestions 14-16 are based on the biography of Bobby Moore, an English soccer player. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.14. How many matches did Moore play during his professional career?[A] 90[B] 108[C] 180[D] 66815. In 1964, Bobby Moore was made ________.[A] England’s footballer of the year[B] a soccer coach in West Germany[C] a medalist for his sportsmanship[D] a number of the Order of the British Empire16. After Moore retired from playing, the first thing he did was ________.[A] editing Sunday Sport[B] working for Capital Radio[C] managing professional soccer teams[D] developing a sports marketing companyQuestions 17-20 are based on the following talk on the city of Belfast. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.17. Belfast has long been famous for its ________.[A] oil refinery[B] linen textiles[C] food products[D] deepwater port18. Which of the following does Belfast chiefly export?[A] Soap[B] Grain[C] Steel[D] Tobacco19. When was Belfast founded?[A] In 1177[B] In 1315[C] In the 16th century[D] In the 17th century20. What happened in Belfast in the late 18th century?[A] French refugees arrived.[B] The harbor was destroyed.[C] Shipbuilding began to flourish.[D] The city was taken by the English.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Section II Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 21on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 22they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 23with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimesin 24to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 25as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 26the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 27lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 28to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 大29家juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 30to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 31make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 32lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 大33家changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 大34家, children are likely to have less supervision at home 35was common in the traditional family 36. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 37causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 38of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 39of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 大40家 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.21. [A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] commenting22. [A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because23. [A] interaction [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation24. [A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response25. [A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else26. [A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding27. [A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with28. [A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject29. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] check [D] reflect30. [A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount31. [A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length32. [A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence33. [A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced34. [A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously35. [A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as36. [A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage37. [A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible38. [A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability39. [A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity40. [A] provide [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent.” It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria suc h as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.” says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do -- then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.” Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminderto check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that migh t interest me,” says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs -- those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them -- and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,” says Seth Pee ts, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.41. How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.42. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling.[B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency.[D] Fewer successful matches.43. The expression “tip service” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.[A] advisory[B] compensation[C] interaction[D] reminder44. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.45. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoë Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world’s five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.46. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA A cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.47. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoë Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.48. The 4th paragraph suggests that ________.[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight49. What does the a uthor mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.50. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn’t cutting, fi l ling or polishing as many nails as she’d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I’m a good economic indicator,” she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they’re concerned about saving some dollars.” So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard’s department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don’t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too.” she says.Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission that America’s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year’s pace. But don’t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem on ly mildly concerned, notpanicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they’re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there’s a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,” says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,” says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn’t mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan’s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.51. By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet” (Line s 1-2, Paragraph 1), the author means________.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation52. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic.[B] Confused.[C] Carefree.[D] Panicked.53. When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range” (Lines 3-4, Paragraph 3) the author istalking about ________.[A] gold market[B] real estate[C] stock exchange[D] venture investment54. Why can many people see “silver linings” to the economic s lowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.55. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education -- not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravit ch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ra v itch’s latest bo ok, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Ric hard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.” Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized -- going to school and learning to read -- so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where i ntellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”56. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.57. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of ________.[A] undervaluing intellect[B] favoring intellectualism[C] supporting school reform[D] suppressing native intelligence58. The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are ________.[A] identical[B] similar[C] complementary[D] opposite59. Emerson, according to the text, is probably ________.[A] a pioneer of education reform[B] an opponent of intellectualism[C] a scholar in favor of intellect[D] an advocate of regular schooling60. What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies power.Part BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries. 61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. 62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic” language, were not always so grateful. 63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. 64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. 65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.61. ________62. ________63. ________64. ________65. ________Section IV Writing66. Directions:Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1) describe the drawing,2) interpret its meaning, and3) support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2004年考研英语真题答案Section I: Listening Comprehension (20 points)Part A (5 points)Part B (5 points)6. A (technology) forecaster;7. government agencies;8. (A) meaningful (exercise);9. open to change;10. Trust and cooperation.Part C (10 points)Section II: Use of English (10 points)Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points)Part B (10 points)61. 希腊人认为, 语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
04年考研英语真题解析
2004年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题答案及解析Section I Use of English1. [答案] [C][分析] 本题涉及动词短语知识。
C. centering on 意为“以…为中心/重点”，符合句意，且与上文呼应，为正确答案。
A. acting on意为“按照…行事”；B. relying on 意为“依靠”；D. commenting on 意为“对…进行评论”。
2. [答案] [D][分析] 本题涉及上下句的句义理解。
答案为D. because，引导由or 连接着的两个原因状语从句。
3. [答案] [A][ 分析] 本题考查考生的词汇知识。
A . i n t e r a c t i o n ( 互动) 符合句义，应为正确答案。
B . assimilation(同化，吸收)；C. cooperation(合作)；D. consultation(咨询)。
4. [答案] [D][分析] 本题涉及词语搭配知识。
跟空格前后介词in/to可以搭配，且符合句意的选项为D。
该短语意为“答复，反应，回应”。
5. [答案] [A][分析] 本题考查考生对上下句句义的理解。
空格后as 引导的为原因状语，与in response to引导的原因状语并列，都是“孩子们犯罪”的原因，故答案为A。
6. [答案] [B][分析] 本题涉及词汇知识。
B. ignoring意为“忽视，不顾”带入后，上下句语义连贯，为正确答案。
C. highlighting意为“强调，突出”；D. discarding意为“抛弃”。
7. [答案] [C][分析] 本题涉及介词短语知识。
C. for lack of意为“由于缺少…”，符合句意，为正确答案。
8. [答案] [D][分析] 本题涉及形容词短语知识。
D. be subject to意为“受…支配；遭受…影响”，符合句意，为正确答案。
A. be immune to 意为“不易受…影响”。
考研英语2004真题试卷
考研英语2004真题试卷考研英语2004年的真题试卷是一个重要的复习资料，它可以帮助考生了解考试的难度和题型，为准备考试提供参考。
以下是2004年考研英语真题试卷的内容概述：试卷结构考研英语2004年的试卷通常包括以下几个部分：1. 听力：通常包括对话和短文理解，考生需要根据所听内容回答问题。
2. 阅读理解：包含若干篇英文文章，考生需要阅读后回答相关问题。
3. 完形填空：提供一篇有空白的文章，考生需要根据上下文填入合适的单词。
4. 翻译：包括英译汉和汉译英，考生需要将给定的句子翻译成另一种语言。
5. 写作：通常包括小作文和大作文，考生需要根据给定的题目或材料撰写文章。
听力部分听力部分通常由若干个短对话和长对话组成，每个对话后面会有几个问题。
考生需要仔细听录音，理解对话内容，并从四个选项中选择正确答案。
阅读理解阅读理解部分要求考生阅读几篇不同题材的英文文章，然后回答相关问题。
这些文章可能涉及社会、文化、科技等多个领域，考生需要具备良好的阅读能力和理解能力。
完形填空完形填空是一种测试考生语言综合运用能力的题型。
考生需要在理解文章大意的基础上，根据上下文选择合适的单词填入空白处，使文章完整通顺。
翻译翻译部分考察考生的语言转换能力。
考生需要将给定的英文句子翻译成中文，或者将中文句子翻译成英文。
这不仅要求考生有扎实的语言基础，还要求能够准确理解原文意思并用目标语言表达出来。
写作写作部分是考研英语中分值较高的部分。
小作文通常要求考生写一篇应用文，如书信、通知等；大作文则要求考生就某一话题发表自己的观点，撰写一篇议论文。
写作部分不仅考察考生的语言表达能力，还考察其逻辑思维和论证能力。
结束语考研英语2004年真题试卷是考生复习过程中的重要参考资料。
通过认真练习真题，考生可以更好地掌握考试技巧，提高应试能力。
同时，考生还应该结合其他复习资料，如模拟题、专项练习等，全面提升自己的英语水平。
希望每位考生都能在考试中取得理想的成绩。
2004考研英语真题(英一二通用)答案+解析
13. Several months after a baby’s birth, its name will ________. [A] show the beauty of its own [B] develop more associations [C] lose the original meaning [D] help form the baby’s personality
Now look at Part A in your test booklet.
Part A
Directions:
For questions 1-5, you will hear a talk about the geography of Belgium. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)
commit crimes in 大 24 家 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,
大 25 家 as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged
南京农业大学考研初试真题之英语(单)2004年考研真题
南京农业大学2004 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题试题编号： 211 试题名称：英语（单）注意：答题一律答在答题纸上，答在草稿纸或试卷上一律无效Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. Choose the One that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single line through the center.1. Will this sweater _________ when washed?a. shrinkb. mistc. lessend. decline2. It is _______ to discuss the question.a. worthyb. worthy ofc. worthwhiled. worth3. This hotel can _________ 600 guests.a. accommodateb. accomplishc. accompanyd. accuse4. The old lady was __________ to the young man who helped her find her lost grandson.a. touchedb. cheerfulc. generousd. grateful5. Physicists have made new discoveries that challenge our ________ theories of the universe.a. existedb. adaptedc. organizedd. established6. His family had a marvellous holiday, only the last three days were ________ slightly.a. hurtb. spoiledc. ruinedd. damaged7. His partner was thoroughly _______ by the robber ’ s disguise.a. taken throughb. taken inc. taken downd. taken away8. My son ’ s composition was so confused that it didn ’ t make any ________ at all.a. senseb. messagec. explanationd. meaning9. Some people are ________ to politics and what is going in other places.a. keenb. sympatheticc. indifferentd. curious10. He had to _______ an appointment with me on account of illness.a. put upb. put outc. put up withd. put off11. The money they took with them was considerably _________ what they needed.a. in favour ofb. in excess ofc. in charge ofd. in contrast to12. It was _______ for him to wear a T shirt at the reception.a. out of placeb. out of orderc. out of questiond. out of practice13. There is something wrong here; I will ask my solicitor to ________ it.a. make outb. set aboutc. look intod. figure out14. Why not _______ tennis? It ’ ll help you keep fit.。
考研英语真题+解析word版本2004
2004年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 1 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 2 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 3 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 4 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 5 as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, _ 6 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 7 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 8 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 9 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 10 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11 make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 13 changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 14 ，children are likely to have less supervision at home 15 was common in the traditional family 16 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other __17_ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased __ 18 _ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 19 of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability ofa child committing a criminal act, 20 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.1. [A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] commenting2. [A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because3. [A] interaction [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation4. [A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response5. [A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else6. [A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding7. [A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with8. [A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject9. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect10. [A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount11. [A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length12. [A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence13. [A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced14.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously15. [A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as16. [A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage17. [A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible18. [A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability19. [A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity20. [A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by t he site’s “per sonal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Red mon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can he time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility,” says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do—then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert.“There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.” Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,” says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design t heir agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’sagent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs—those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them—and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in ou r traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.21. How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.22. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling. [B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency. [D] Fewer successful matches.23. The expression “tip service” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means .[A] advisory. [B] compensation.[C] interaction. [D] reminder.24. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.25. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoë Zysman. English namesare fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (includi ng his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.26. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.27. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoë Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.28. The 4th paragraph suggests that .[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight29. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ” (Lines2-3, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.30. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I'm a good economic indicator,” she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars.” So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don't know if othe r clients are going to abandon me, too,” she says.Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that America's red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year's pace. But don't sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they're not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there's a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominan tly fed by Wall Street bonuses,” says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three," says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn't mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan's hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.31. By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet” (Line 1, Paragraph 1), theauthor means_____.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business.[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work.[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit.[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation.32. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic. [B] Confused. [C] Carefree. [D] Panicked.33. When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range”(Lines 3, Paragraph 3),the author is talking about _______[A] gold market.[B] real estate.[C] stock exchange.[D] venture investment.34. Why can many people see “silver linings” to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.35. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education—not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a societ y where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch's latest book. Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-intellectualism in American Life, aPulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized—going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”36. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.37. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of________.[A] undervaluing intellect.[B] favoring intellectualism.[C] supporting school reform.[D] suppressing native intelligence.38. The views of Raviteh and Emerson on schooling are ______.[A] identical. [B] similar. [C] complementary. [D] opposite.39. Emerson, according to the text, is probably _________.[A] a pioneer of education reform.[B] an opponent of intellectualism.[C] a scholar in favor of intellect.[D] an advocate of regular schooling.40. What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies powerPart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries.(41) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. (42) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic” language, were not always so grateful. (43) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Ind ian languages. (44) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. (45) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.Section III Writing46. Directions：Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the drawing，2. interpret its meaning, and3. support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2 (20 points)2004考研英语一解析第一部分英语知识运用试题解析一、文章总体分析文章主要探讨青少年犯罪的原因。
南京农业大学225德语二外2004年考研真题考研试题
试题编号：225 试题名称：德语二外注意：答题一律答在答题纸上，答在草稿纸或试卷上一律无效第一题：词汇与习用语, 10分（请将下列各单词或短语翻译成德文或者中文）注意：译成德文时只要标示出其语法性（f\m\n）即可，无需复数词尾。
DAAD 参考书Buchhandlung 药房Verzweifelung 学期Aussprache 太阳Geschichte 无烟车厢Ankunft 巧克力Bibliothek 星期三gefährlich 社会科学Krieg 语言学Anzug 历史第二题：语法，共计40小题，20分,请选择正确的答案填入题目后面的括号内！1). Wir studieren ( )A: Deutsch B: das Deutsch C: ein Deutsch2). Du die Vokabeln. ( )A: lest B: liest C: liesst3). Platz! ( )A: Nehmen B: Nehm C: Nimm4). Du mit dem Fahrrad in die Stadt. ( )A: gehst B: fährst C: fahrst D: geht5). Er ihr den Studiumsschwierigkeiten. ( )A: helft… mit B: hilft… mit C: hilft…bei6). Er ist USA ( )A: in die…geflogen B: nach…geflogen C: nach den…gefliegtD: in die…gefliegt7). Die Krankheit von Herrn Klaus ist sehr schwer. ( )A: des Herzs B: des Herzen C: des Herzens D: des Herzes8). －essen die Menschen?－Die Menschen essen mit dem Mund. ( ) A: Mit was B: Womit C: Wodurch D: Wie9). －gehst du nun?（就划线部分提问）－Ich gehe nun auf die Straße. ( ) A: Wo B: Wohin C: Worauf D: Auf wo10). Ihr beschäftigt den reflexiven Verben. ( )A: ihnen…mit B: euch…über C: euch...mit D: ihnen...über11). －Wie heißt der zweite Monat eines Jahres.－. ( ) A: Februar B: February C: Januar D: January12). Die kleine Bibliothek nur Verfügung. ( )A: die Frauen... zur B: den Frauen...für C: den Frauen...zur13). －Tag war gestern?－Dienstag! ( ) A: Welch B: Welchen C: Welcher D: Welche14). Er feierte den zehnten Geburtstag seines ersten Kindes ( )A: am 10. Mai B: im 10. Mai C: am 10. Mais D: im 10. Mais15). Wie heißt die dritte Jahreszeit eines Jahres? ( )A: Sommer B: Frühling C: Winter D: Herbst16). －Mantel möchten Sie?－Ich möchte ein roter Mantel. ( )A: Welchen B: Welchen C: Welches D: Was für einen17). des schlechten Wetters gehen wir spazieren. ( )A: Wegen B: Trotz C: Deshalb D: Deswegen18). Der V orsitzende hat schon die Pflichten jedes Mitglieds ( )A: umgeschrieben B: umschrieben C: umgeschreibt D: umschreibt19). gefällt das chinesische Gericht. ( )A: Einem Deutschen B: Ein Deutscher C: Einen Deutsche20). Er ist der in seiner Klasse. ( )A: hochste B: höchste C: höhste D: hohste21). Er jetzt bei Siemens arbeiten.（他自称他现在在西门子工作）( )A: will B: soll C: mußD: kann22). 1989 demonstrierten viele Studenten auf den Straßen in DDR die Regierung. ( )A: um B: gegen C: wider D: an23). Er hat dort Freunde, Bekannte. ( )A: nur...und B: nicht nur...und C: nicht nur...sonder auchD: nicht...sonder auch.24). Er ist klein, das Buch zu lesen. ( )A: zu...－B: um...zu C: －...zu D: zu...um25). Heute Morgen ist von Fritz auf der Straße begegenet ( )A: mich...worden. B: mir....geworden. C: mir....worden.26). Der Wagen wurde wieder gefunden. ( )A: stehlend B: gestohlene C: stehlenden D: gestohlenen27). Mir mangelt es der Freizeit. ( )A: um B: an C: in D: bei28). Ich kenne den Mann, Vater ein berühmter Professor ist. ( )A: der B: deren C: denen D: dessen29). Ich liebe die Studenten sehr, von viele Armen geholfen werden. ( )A: den B: deren C: denen D: der30). es heute regnet, nimmt er einen Regenschirm. ( )A: Denn B: Da C: Deshalb D: Trotzdem31). Er geht in die Stadt zu Fuß, mit dem Bus zu fahren. ( )A: anstatt B: ohne C: um D: damit32). Er hatte den Roman übersetzt, er viele Wörterbücher verwandt hatte. ( )A: damit B: indem C: dadurch D: weil33). Ihr sagtet damals, daß ihr sehr beschäftigt ( )A: sei B: seid C: wärt D: seiet34). Hättest du mich gestern besucht, wenn du Zeit . ( )A: hattest B: hättest C: gehabt hättest D: gehabt hattest35). －Bis wann arbeitet ihr? ( )－.A: Bis das Ende Aprils B: Bis Ende Aprils C: AprilendeD: Bis zu Ende Aprils36). Je er hier kommt, desto schwerer haßt sie ihn. ( )A: häufigst B: häufig C: häufiger37). Er hat solchen Hunger, hätte er seit Tagen nichts gegessen. ( )A: als B: als ob C: wenn38). Das ist die Spezialität Apfels. ( )A: rotes B: roten C: rot D: roter39). A sagt, sagt B. ( )A: Der B: Das C: Die D: Wer40). Die Abkürzung von …V olksrepublik China“ ist . ( )A: VRC B: VR China C: VR第三题：阅读理解30分，包括三段短文，每题2分，共计15个小题Text 1 VW feiert sein 100-millionstes AutoAls erster europäischer Autohersteller hat der Volkswagen-Konzern die Rekordmarke von 100 Million Fahrzeuge erreicht. Das Jubiläumsfahrzeug- ein silberfarbener New Beetle（注：Beetle: englischer Begriff für Käfer: 甲壳虫）mit 150 PS –wurde im September im mexikanischen Puebla produziert. Konzernchef Ferdinand Piech feiert das Ereignis mit 1500 geladenen Gästen in Berlin. Dabei sei es, so Piech, …reiner Zufall“, dass es sich bei dem 100-millionsten Volkswagen ausgerechnet um ein Nachfolgemodell des legendären（注：legendär: sagenhaft; durch eine Legende bekannt 神话般的，神奇的）Käfers handelte.Ein Zufall freilich, dessen symbolische Bedeutung nicht zu übersehen ist: Mit keinem anderen Fahrzeug ist die Geschichte von VW so eng verknüpft wie mit dem Käfer, der zum ersten Mal im Jahre 1939 auf dem Berliner Automobilsalon präsentiert wurde. Damals träumten Tausende deutscher VW-Sparer（注：VW-Sparer: sie investierten gespartes Geld in den Kauf eines VW-Käfers, den sie nie bekamen 攒钱买甲壳虫车的人）davon, einmal ein solches Auto zu besitzen. HitlersÜberfall auf Polen und der Ausbruch des 2. Weltkriegs zogen ihnen jedoch einen Strich durch die Rechnung. Bis zum Kriegsende 1945 produzierte VW ausschließlich（注：ausschließlich: nur 仅仅）Armeefahrzeuge für die Wehrmacht（注：Wehrmacht: die deutschen Streitkräfte in der Zeit von 1935—1945 1935—1945年德国国防军.）Danach stand das Unternehmen vor dem Aus.Doch bereits 1946 durfte V olkswagen mit britischer Genehmigung wieder zivile（注：zivil: nicht für das Militär bestimmt 民事的）Fahrzeuge bauen. Die Produktion des Käfers konnte endlich anlaufen, und das kuriose Gefährt aus Wolfsburg entwickelte sich rasch zu einem echten Publikumsrenner. Als 1972 der 15-millionste Käfer vom Band lief, hatte er das bis dahin meist gebaute Auto der Welt, das T-Modell von Ford, bereits übertroffen. Kurz danach begann VW mit der Produktion des nicht minder erfolgreichen Golf, von dem bisher ebenfalls schon 19 Millionen Exemplare gebaut wurden.Die Geschichte des VW-Konzerns ist gekennzeichnet durch eine weltweite Expansion（注：Expansion: das rasche Wachsen 快速扩张）, die in den letzten Jahren durch den Kauf so nahmhafter Marken wie Skoda, Rolls-Royce, Bentley, Lamborghini oder Bugatti noch an Bedeutung gewonnen hat. Schon in den 50er Jahren hatte der Konzern mit der Gründung von Verkaufsgesellschaften im Ausland begonnen: 1952 in Kanada, 1953 in Brasilien, 1955 in den USA, 1957 in Australien, 1964in Mexiko, 1973 in Negeria. Seit 1982 engagiert sich VW zudem in China, einem Markt, der im Zeitalter der Globalisierung（注：全球化）von größter Wichtigkeit sein wird.Rund um die Welt sind 300,000 Mitarbeiter für VW tätig. V olkswagen, dem in Deutschland die Marken Audi und Porsche angehörigen, ist heute mit Abstand der größte Autohersteller Europas und weltweit die Nummer drei. Ob der New-Beetle ebenso ein Hit sein wird wie der gute alte Käfer, ist allerdings fraglich. Immerhin kann man ihn auch weiterhin heute noch kaufen; denn er wird in Mexiko in geringer Stückzahl produziert.Welche Aussage üher VW ist richtig? Bitte, machen Sie Kreuz!richtig falsch(1)VW ist der erste Autohersteller auf der ganzen Welt. □□(2)VW produziert im Ausland hauptsächlich Käfer. □□(3)VW hat seinen Hauptsitz in Wolfsburg. □□(4)VW ist welt Weit der drittgrößte Autohersteller. □□(5)Von 1939-1945 hat VW nur für die Bundeswehr produziert. □□（Eine Idee ging um die Welt. Was einmal ganz klein begann, hat inzwischen Millionen Freunde in 52 Ländern der Erde gefunden. Die Organisation der deutschen Jugendhergergen, das Deutsche Jugendherbergswerk, besteht jetzt seit mehr als 80 Jahren.）Der Lehrer Richard Schirrmann liebte es, viele Stunden durch die freie Natur zu gehen, also zu wandern. Als er im Sommer des Jahres 1909 mit einer Gruppe unterwegs wat, fand er oft nur schwer einen Platz zum Schlafen. In einer Gewitternacht im August als die Gruppe in einer leeren Schule übernachtete（注：übernachten: nachts nicht bei sich zu Hause, sondern anderswo schlafen 过夜）, kam Schirrmann der Gedanke: So wie in jedem Ort eine Schule gibt, so sollte es auch möglichst viele Häuser geben, wo junge Leute übernachten können.Die Idee bei Blitz und Donner gilt heute als Geburtsstunde der Jugendherberge und drei Jahre später wurde dann die erste Jugendherberge in Deutschland eröffnet. Man kann sie allerdings mit den meisten Jugendherbergen von heute kaum noch vergleichen. Wer aber in diese alte Zeit noch einmal zurückschauen will, kann dies in einem Museum tun. Neben Schirrmanns Schulen zum Wandern ist dort auch der große Schlafraum zui sehen, in dem novh die damals übliche unbequemen Betten stehen…Seit einiger Zeit macht das früher eher etwas konservative Jugendherbergswerk auch Reklame für interessante Ferienprogramme und günstige Reisen, mit denen es Familien als Gäste gewinnen will. So können heute in fast jeder zweiten Jugendherberge Familien Unterkunft finden. Mehr als 400,000 Familien haben im letzten Jahr diese Gelegenheit wahrgenommen.Besonders interessant sind die Angebote für Hobby und Freizeit: So bestehen in den meisten Jugendherbergen gute V orraussetzungen für viele Sportarten. Seit kurzem kann man während eines Aufenthalts in einer Jugendherberge auch an Kursen teilnehmen, um z. B. tanzen und schwimmen zu lernen.Eine Jugendherberge bietet sagar Führerscheinkurse （注：einen Führerscheinkurs besuchen (machen) : 学开车）an.Richtig oder falsch? Machen Sie Kreuz!richtig falsch(1)Der Gedanke einer Jugendherberge ist in einer Schule geboren. □□(2)Die Gründung der Jugendherberge ist einem Deutschen zu verdanken. □□(3)Die erste Jugendherberge wurde 1909 in Deutschland gegründet. □□(4)In den Jugendherbergen dürfen nur junge Leute übernachten. □□(5)Jugendherberge gibt es jetzt nicht nur in Deutschland. □□Text 3 Im ExamenIn Berlin lebte ein berühmter Medizinprofessor, der bei seinen Studenten sehr gefürchtet wat. Wenn er V orsitzender in der nächsten Prüfungskommission (注：答辩委员会) werden sollte, dann war stets große Aufregung, denn er war dafür bekannt, daß er die schwierigster Fragen stellte und oft einen Kandidaten durchfallen ließ, wenn dieser nicht die Antwort gab, die der Professor zu hören wünschte. Hatte aber ein Kandidat bei ihm eine Prüfung bestanden, dann brauchte er sich um seine Zukunft keine Sorgen zu machen, denn kein Arzt konnte eine bessere Empfehlung haben als die, von diesem Professor geprüft worden zu sein.Der Professor hielt wieder einmal eine Prüfung ab. Der Kandidat saßvor der Prüfungskommission und schaute etwas ängstlich und nervös den Professor an, der ihm seine kurzen, aber schwierigen Fragen stellte. Zuerst ließ sich der Professor von dem Kandidaten eine bestimmte Krankheit beschreiben. Als der Kandidat die Symptome der Krankheit richtig genannt hatte, fragte der Professor nach dem Heilmittel für diese Krankheit. Auch diese Frage beantwortete der Kandidat richtig. …gut“, sagte der Professor, …und wieviel geben Sie dem Patienten davon?“—…Einen Eßlöffel voll, Herr Professor“, war die Antwort.Während der Prüfungsausschuß（注：考试委员会）über seine Leistung beriet, mußte der Kandidat vor der Tür des Prüfungszimmers warten. Da fiel ihm ein, daßer sich geirrt hatte: ein Eßlöffel voll war ja zu viel! Aufgeregt öffnete er die Tür des Prüfungszimmers und rief: …HerrProfessor! Ich habe mich geirrt! Ein Eßlöffel voll ist zu viel für den Kranken. Er darf nur fünf Tropfen bekommen!“—…Es tut mir leid“, sagte der Professor kurz, …der Patient ist schon gestorben.“Beantworten Sie bitte die folgenden Fragen!(1)Warum war stets große Aufregung, wenn der Proffessor Vorsitzender in der nächstenPrüfungskommission werden sollte?(2)Warum brauchte ein Kandidat sich um seine Zukunft keine Sorgen zu machen, wenn er bei demProfessoren die Prüfung bestanden hatte?(3)Was macht der Kandidat ängstlich und nervös?(4)Was ist die richtige Antwort auf die Frage des Professoren?(5)Was hatte der Kandidat während der Prüfung gemacht?第四题：填空！共30空，15分（请在横线上填入适当的词尾或者不填）Frankfurt, den 30. Mai. Lieb Hans,dein Antwort auf mein Brief hat mich sehr gefreut. So werden wir also unser Ferien gemeinsam auf dem Bauernhof mein Onkels verbringen.Sein Einladung habe ich gestern bekommen. Er lädt dich, dein Bruder und mich auf sein Bauerhof ein. Mein Freude kannst du dir vorstellen. Es war ja schon lange unser Plan, zusammen zu verreisen.Mein Verwandten haben auf ihr Bauernhof allerdings ihr eigene Methode: Mein Onkel verwendet keinen chemischen Dünger. Er düngt sein Boden nur mit dem Mist sein Schafe undKühe. Ebenso macht es sein Frau: Ihr Gemüsegarten düngt sie nur mit natürlichem Dünger. Ihr Gemüse und ihr Obst wachsen völlig natürlich! Sie braucht kein gefährlichen Gifte gegen Unkraut oder Insekten und ihr Obstbäume wachsen und gedeihen trotzdem. Deshalb schmeckenihr Äpfel und Birnen auch besser als unser gekauften Früchte. Ihr Hühner und Gänse laufen frei herum; nur abends treibt sie mein Onkel in ihr Ställe. Dort legen sie Eier und brüten ihrKüken aus.Die Landwirtschaft mein Verwandten ist übrigens sehr modern. Ihr Haushalt versorgen sie mit Warmwasser aus Sonnenenergie; sogar die Wärme der Milch ihr Kühe verwenden sie zum Heizen! Die Maschinen sind die modernsten ihr Dorfes.Herzliche Grüße, dein Klaus第五题：翻译，共2部分，德译中部分15分，中译德部分10分。
(完整word版)2004年考研英语真题及答案详解_(含答案_译文_词汇讲解)(2),推荐文档
2004年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 1 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 2 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through3 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in4 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,5 as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, _ 6 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 7 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 8 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 9 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 10 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11 make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 13 changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 14 ，children are likely to have less supervision at home 15 was common in the traditional family 16 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other __17_ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased __ 18 _ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 19 of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 20 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.1. [A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] commenting2. [A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because3. [A] interaction [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation4. [A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response5. [A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else6. [A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding7. [A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with8. [A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject9. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect10. [A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount11. [A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length12. [A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence13. [A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced14.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously15. [A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as16. [A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage17. [A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible18. [A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability19. [A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity20. [A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notific ation of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can he time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you e liminate a possibility,” says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do—then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of thi s.” Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that i s added to a database that might interest me,” says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs—those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them—and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in o ur traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation toarm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.21. How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.22. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling. [B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency. [D] Fewer successful matches.23. The expression “tip service” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means.[A] advisory. [B] compensation.[C] interaction. [D] reminder.24. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.25. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoë Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (includ ing his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien an d Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.26. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.27. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoë Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.28. The 4th paragraph suggests that .[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight29. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.30. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stoppedshowing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I'm a good economic indicator,” she says.“I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars.” So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don't know if oth er clients are going to abandon me, too,” she says.Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that America's red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year's pace. But don't sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they're not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there's a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predomina ntly fed by Wall Street bonuses,” says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three," says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn't mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan's hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.31. By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet” (Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means_____.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business.[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work.[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit.[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation.32. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic. [B] Confused. [C] Carefree. [D] Panicked.33. When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range”(Lines 3, Paragraph 3), the author istalking about _______[A] gold market.[B] real estate.[C] stock exchange.[D] venture investment.34. Why can many people see “silver linings” to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.35. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education—not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch's latest book. Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms,traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized—going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”36. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.37. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of________.[A] undervaluing intellect.[B] favoring intellectualism.[C] supporting school reform.[D] suppressing native intelligence.38. The views of Raviteh and Emerson on schooling are ______.[A] identical. [B] similar. [C] complementary. [D] opposite.39. Emerson, according to the text, is probably _________.[A] a pioneer of education reform.[B] an opponent of intellectualism.[C] a scholar in favor of intellect.[D] an advocate of regular schooling.40. What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies powerPart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries. (41) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. (42) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal w ith bizarre data from “exotic” language, were not always so grateful. (43) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American In dian languages. (44) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned thatbecause it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. (45) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.Section III Writing46. Directions：Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the drawing，2. interpret its meaning, and3. support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2 (20 points)答案解析Section I Use of English1.完形填空翻译：许多研究青少年犯罪(即低龄人群犯罪)的理论要么强调个人要么强调社会是导致犯罪的主要因素。
考研英语试题及答案
2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section II Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 21on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 22they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 23with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 24to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 25as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 26 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 27 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 28to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 29juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 30to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 31make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 32lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 33changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 34, children are likely to have less supervision at home 35was common in the traditional family 36. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 37causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 38of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 39of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 40 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.21.[A] acting[B] relying[C] centering[D] commenting22.[A] before[B] unless[C] until[D] because23.[A] interaction[B] assimilation[C] cooperation[D] consultation24.[A] return[B] reply[C] reference[D] response25.[A] or[B] but rather[C] but[D] or else26.[A] considering[B] ignoring[C] highlighting[D] discarding27.[A] on[B] in[C] for[D] with28.[A] immune[B] resistant[C] sensitive[D] subject29.[A] affect[B] reduce[C] check[D] reflect30.[A] point[B] lead[C] come[D] amount31.[A] in general[B] on average[C] by contrast[D] at length32.[A] case[B] short[C] turn[D] essence33.[A] survived[B] noticed[C] undertaken[D] experienced34.[A] contrarily[B] consequently[C] similarly[D] simultaneously35.[A] than[B] that[C] which[D] as36.[A] system[B] structure[C] concept[D] heritage37.[A] assessable[B] identifiable[C] negligible[D] incredible38.[A] expense[B] restriction[C] allocation[D] availability39.[A] incidence[B] awareness[C] exposure[D] popularity40.[A] provided[B] since[C] although[D] supposingSection III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent.” It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.” says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do -- then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.” Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,” says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends outmessages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs --those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them -- and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.41.How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.42.Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling.[B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency.[D] Fewer successful matches.43.The expression “tip service” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.[A] advisory[B] compensation[C] interaction[D] reminder44.Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.45.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoë Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world’s five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.46.What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA A cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.47.What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoë Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.48.The 4th paragraph suggests that ________.[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight49.What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.50.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-oldmanicurist isn’t cutting, filling or polishing as many nails as she’d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I’m a good economic indicator,” she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they’re concerned about saving some dollars.” So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard’s department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don’t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too.” she says.Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission that America’s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year’s pace. But don’t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they’re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there’s a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,” says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,” says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn’t mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan’s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.51.By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet” (Lines 1-2, Paragraph 1), the author means ________.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation52.How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic.[B] Confused.[C] Carefree.[D] Panicked.53.When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range” (Lines 3-4, Paragraph 3) the author is talkingabout ________.[A] gold market[B] real estate[C] stock exchange[D] venture investment54.Why can many people see “silver linings” to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.55.To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education --not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch’s latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.” Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized --going to school and learning to read -- so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”56.What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.57.We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of ________.[A] undervaluing intellect[B] favoring intellectualism[C] supporting school reform[D] suppressing native intelligence58.The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are ________.[A] identical[B] similar[C] complementary[D] opposite59.Emerson, according to the text, is probably ________.[A] a pioneer of education reform[B] an opponent of intellectualism[C] a scholar in favor of intellect[D] an advocate of regular schooling60.What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies power.Part BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries. 61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. 62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic” language, were not always so grateful. 63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. 64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. 65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguisticdeterminism.2004年考研英语真题答案Section II: Use of English (10 points)Part A (40 points)61.希腊人认为, 语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
2004年考研英语真题答案及解析
第一部分 英语知识运用试题解析
一、文章总体分析
文章主要探讨青少年犯罪的原因。一开始，文章从现有的理论出发，指出这些理论集中把个人或社会看作主要
影响因素。接着文章又进一步谈到，现有理论只关注来自贫穷家庭的孩子，而忽视了来自富有家庭的孩子也犯罪这
一事实。总之，这些理论都是不确定的，容易受到批评和攻击。
[C] cooperation（with）与 ……的合作
[D] consultation（with）和 ……的商议
[答案] A
[解析] 本题考核的知识点是：名词短语辨析。
本题要求考生判断空格处应填入什么名词，与 with others 搭配构成名词短语，来做 through 的介词宾语。首先排除
assimilation，它不能与 with 搭配。空格所在的分句是 they have learned criminal behavior through __ 3 with others，其
Answer (n. v.)在这三个词中使用范围最广，既可以表示用语言来回答,也可表示用行动来回答。如：answer the
telephone(接电话)；answer the door bell (去开门)。例句：In answer to these questions I just nodded.（在回答这些问题的
类似的方法来回答我们的信号。）
5.[A] or 或者，表并列
[B] but rather （非固定搭配）
[C] but 而是，表转折
[D] or else 否则，要不然
[答案] A
[解析] 本题考核的知识点是：逻辑关系。
本题要求考生判断空格前后两个部分之间的逻辑关系。从结构上看，in response to their failure 和 as a rejection of
2004年考研真题英语二
2004年考研真题英语二2004年考研英语二真题涵盖了阅读理解、选词填空和阅读表达等多个题型，要求考生在限定的时间内对文章进行仔细阅读和理解，并准确回答问题。
以下是对2004年考研英语二真题的解析和分析。
阅读理解部分Passage 1该篇文章讨论了汽车作为主要交通方式在未来的可持续性发展问题。
汽车作为一种便捷的交通工具，给我们的生活带来了很大便利，但同时也带来了严重的环境问题。
由于汽车对空气质量和能源消耗的影响越来越大，人们开始重新思考个人交通方式的选择。
Article 1本文主要通过数据和图表展示了不同交通方式对环境的影响。
使用公共交通和骑自行车这样的低碳交通方式不仅可以减少环境污染，还能够改善交通拥堵问题。
而汽车作为主要交通方式，需要通过技术创新和政策引导来解决可持续性问题。
Passage 2该篇文章讲述了数字技术对我们日常生活的影响。
数字技术不仅改变了我们的工作方式，还改变了我们的生活方式。
我们现在可以通过手机、电脑等设备随时随地获取信息和交流，这给我们带来了极大的便利，但也带来了新的挑战。
Article 2本文主要讨论了数字技术对社会交往和个人隐私的影响。
尽管数字技术给我们的生活带来了便利，但它也带来了一些负面影响，如信息泄露、网络犯罪等。
因此，我们需要在享受数字技术便利的同时，也要保护好自己的个人信息和隐私。
选词填空部分根据题目要求，从给出的候选单词中选出最合适的词填入空格中，完成对文章的理解和补充。
1. The rising demand for internet__________________________________ has led to the expansion of telecommunication networks.2. The government should take effective measures to_____________________________ air pollution and improve air quality.3. The discovery of renewable energy has provided a(n)___________________________ solution to the increasing energy crisis.阅读表达部分在给出的文章中，根据问题要求进行回答。
2004年南京农业大学241英语二外考研真题【圣才出品】
2004年南京农业大学241英语二外考研真题试题编号：221 试题名称：英语二外注意：答题一律答在答题纸上，答在草稿纸或试卷上一律无效Part I Structure and VocabularySection A (5 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.1.______ reaches the cells of the body, it is oxidized, or slowly burned.A. As digested foodB. Digested food thatC. Food is digestedD. Why does digested food2.Those were the graduate assistants ______ to do the research work in the lab.A.to whom it was their responsibilityB.whose responsibility it wasC.whose responsibility it wasD.of whom with the responsibility3.______ has recently been done to provide more flats for the people, the housingproblem in this city is still very serious.A. WhatB. ThatC. As a matter of factD. In spite of what4.A panda’s primary activity is sleep, ______ its waking hours looking for food.A. for spendingB. that it spendsC. will spendD. and it spends5.Someday, solar power collected by satellites ______ the earth or fission power(裂变能).A. circledB. to circleC. circlesD. circling6.If I were in the play, then it would be about time that I ______ my head in my handsfor a cry.A. buryB. am buryingC. buriedD. would bury7.“Church” as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, ______ theyChristian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.A. beB. beingC. wereD. are8.These proposals sought to place greater restrictions on the use and copying ofdigital information than ______ in traditional media.A. existB. existsC. existingD. to exist9.______, it is quite easy to drill a hole on it with laser.A.Hard although the diamond isB.As the diamond is hardC.How hard is the diamondD.Hard as the diamond is10.Peter hasn’t begun working on his Ph. D. ______ working on his master’s.A.still because he is yetB.yet because he is stillC.yet as a result he is stillD.still while he is readySection B (5points)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.11.This will prevent them to abuse their power and enjoyA B Cspecial privileges.D12. Nobody who will not try to help the other peopleA Bdevelop his abilities deserves to have friends.C D13.In computer programming, this model is obviouslyA Bsuperior than any of the others we have in the department.C D14.Many of the population in the rural areas is composed ofA B Cmanual laborers.D15.The qualifying examination consists of two three-hoursA B Cperiods taken on consecutive days.D16. Modern people alike their ancestors, are curious aboutA B Cthe nature of the universe.D17. All the blood in the body passes through the heart atA B Cleast twice the minute.D18. The duties of the secretary are to take the minutes,A Bmailing the correspondence, and calling the members beforeC Dmeeting.19. There is no such place which you dream of in all this world.A B C D20.Thomas Jefferson is just as famous as a hero George Washington.A B C DSection C (10 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.21. John finally has a companion in the apartment after all these ______ years.A. soleB. singleC. lonelyD. alone22. There are no tickets ______ for this weekend’s concert.A. possibleB. availableC. preferableD. considerable23. What you have done is ______ the doctor’s orders.A. attached toB. resistant toC. responsible toD. contrary to24. There are several possible explanations for the greater job ______ in Japan in contrast to the great job mobility in the United States.A. stabilityB. credibilityC. securityD. creativity25. It was Mr. White who ______ the orphan child five years ago.A. adaptedB. adoptedC. admittedD. accepted26. Over and over again in ancient and medieval history you find whole armies practically wiped out by the ______.A. pirateB. parasiteC. pantherD. plague27. A sudden gust of wind nearly tore the mountaineer from the narrow rock where he was ______ .A. perchedB. inhabitedC. locatedD. squatted28. Cowboys, lumberjacks, and other such folk figures took to blue jeans for their ______ and fit.A. originalityB. adaptabilityC. peculiarityD. durability。
英语二2004年考研真题
英语二2004年考研真题英语二2004年考研真题回顾2004年的英语二考研真题是考生们备战考试的重要参考资料之一。
通过回顾这份真题，我们可以了解到当年考试的难度和题型，从而更好地为当前的考试做准备。
本文将对2004年的英语二考研真题进行回顾和分析，希望对考生们有所帮助。
首先，让我们来看看2004年的英语二考研真题的题型组成。
该真题由阅读理解、完形填空和翻译三个部分组成。
其中，阅读理解部分占据了整个试卷的主要篇幅，共有四篇文章，每篇文章后面跟着几个相关的问题。
完形填空部分则是考察考生对于词汇和语法的掌握程度，而翻译部分则是考察考生对于英汉互译的能力。
在阅读理解部分，2004年的考题涉及了各个领域的文章，包括社会科学、自然科学和文学等。
这要求考生们具备广泛的知识背景和阅读能力。
文章的长度和难度也有所不同，有些文章较短，有些则较长。
对于考生来说，应该注重平时的阅读积累，提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力。
在完形填空部分，2004年的考题主要考察了考生对于词汇和语法的掌握程度。
有些题目需要考生根据上下文的语境来选择正确的词汇填空，有些则需要考生根据语法规则来判断正确的词性和形式。
这要求考生们在备考过程中要注重词汇和语法的积累和理解。
最后是翻译部分，2004年的考题要求考生们进行英汉互译。
这一部分考察了考生对于语言表达和语言转换的能力。
考生们需要熟悉常见的翻译技巧和方法，同时也需要具备一定的词汇量和语法知识。
通过回顾2004年的英语二考研真题，我们可以得出一些备考的经验和建议。
首先，考生们应该注重平时的阅读积累，提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力。
可以选择一些相关的英文杂志、报纸和书籍进行阅读，同时也可以参加一些英语阅读训练班来提高自己的阅读水平。
其次，考生们应该注重词汇和语法的积累和理解。
可以通过背单词、做语法题等方式来提高自己的语言能力。
最后，考生们还应该注重翻译技巧和方法的学习。
可以参加一些翻译培训班或者阅读相关的翻译教材来提高自己的翻译水平。
2004年考研真题英语二
2004年考研真题英语二2004年考研真题英语二2004年考研真题英语二是考研英语考试中的一套真题试卷，对于很多考生来说，这套试题无疑是一个巨大的挑战。
在这篇文章中，我们将探讨2004年考研真题英语二的特点以及备考策略，帮助考生更好地应对考试。
首先，我们来看看2004年考研真题英语二的特点。
这套试题包含了阅读理解、完形填空和翻译三个部分，涵盖了各个层次的英语能力。
阅读理解部分主要考察考生的阅读理解能力和词汇运用能力，而完形填空部分则更加注重考生的语法和词汇掌握程度。
翻译部分则对考生的语言表达能力和翻译技巧提出了要求。
整套试题难度较高，需要考生具备扎实的英语基础和一定的应试技巧。
针对2004年考研真题英语二的特点，我们可以采取一些备考策略。
首先，我们要重视词汇的积累。
词汇是英语学习的基础，也是阅读理解和完形填空的关键。
通过背诵单词、阅读英文原著和英语报刊，我们可以提高自己的词汇量。
其次，我们要注重阅读训练。
阅读理解是考研英语的重点，通过大量的阅读训练，我们可以提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力。
可以选择一些经典的英文原著进行阅读，同时也可以做一些阅读理解的练习题。
此外，我们还要注重语法和写作的练习。
完形填空部分主要考察考生的语法掌握程度，通过做一些语法练习题，我们可以提高自己的语法水平。
对于翻译部分，我们可以多进行一些翻译练习，提高自己的翻译能力。
除了以上的备考策略，我们还可以参考一些备考资料。
可以选择一些专门针对考研英语的教材和辅导书进行学习，这些资料可以帮助我们更好地了解考试要求和考点。
同时，我们还可以参加一些英语培训班或者找一位英语老师进行辅导，他们可以帮助我们解答一些疑惑，指导我们的备考方向。
总之，2004年考研真题英语二是一套较为困难的试题，需要考生具备扎实的英语基础和一定的应试技巧。
通过词汇积累、阅读训练和语法练习，我们可以提高自己的英语水平。
同时，参考一些备考资料和寻求专业的辅导也是备考的有效方法。
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南京农业大学
2004年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
试题编号：221 试题名称：英语二外
注意：答题一律答在答题纸上，答在草稿纸或试卷上一律无效
Part I Structure and Vocabulary
Section A (5 points)
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.
1._______ reaches the cells of the body, it is oxidized, or slowly burned.
A. As digested food
B. Digested food that
C. Food is digested
D. Why does digested food
2.Those were the graduate assistants _______ to do the research work in the lab.
A.to whom it was their responsibility
B.whose responsibility it was
C.whose responsibility it was
D.of whom with the responsibility
3._________ has recently been done to provide more flats for the people, the housing
problem in this city is still very serious.
A. What
B. That
C. As a matter of fact
D. In spite of what
4. A panda’s primary activity is sleep, __________ its waking hours looking for food.
A. for spending
B. that it spends
C. will spend
D. and it spends
5.Someday, solar power collected by satellites __________ the earth or fission
power(裂变能).
A. circled
B. to circle
C. circles
D. circling
6.If I were in the play, then it would be about time that I __________ my head in my
hands for a cry.
A. bury
B. am burying
C. buried
D. would bury
7.“Church” as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, _________ they
Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.
A. be
B. being
C. were
D. are
8.These proposals sought to place greater restrictions on the use and copying of digital
information than _________ in traditional media.
A. exist
B. exists
C. existing
D. to exist
9._________, it is quite easy to drill a hole on it with laser.
A.Hard although the diamond is
本试题共9页,第1页。