沈阳师范大学英美文学2012考研试题
考研英美文学名词解释-2012卷
2012卷北二外：1. Byronic heroByronic hero is a character-type found in Byron’s celebrated narrative poem Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, his verse drama Manfred, and other works. He is a boldly defiant but bitterly self-tormenting outcast, proudly contemptuous of social norms but suffering for some unnamed sin.2. West humorWest humor is the type of humor in the tall tales. West humor is not only of witty remark mocking at small things or of farcial elements making people laugh, but a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustic. West humor is best represented in Mark Twain’s short stories, such as Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County.南开大学：1.the five-act structure of Shakespeare’s playsMost of his plays are in the format of 5 acts. Act 1 is the exposition, in which the dramatis personae are presented, and time and place are established. We learn about the antecedents of the story. Act 2 is the complications in which the course of action becomes mre complicated, the “tying of knots”takes place. Act 3 is the climax of action in which the development of conflict reaches its high point. Act 4 reversals where the consequences of Act 3 play out, momentum slows, and tension is heighted by false hopes or fears. Act 5 is the catastrophe in which the conflict is resolved, whether through a catastrophe, the downfall of the hero, or through his victory and transfiguration. The format of five-act play is familiar from Shakespeare’s plays, and is grounded in the concepts of unity in Aristotle’s Poetics.2.denotation and connotationDenotation and connotation are two principal methods of describing the meanings of words. Denotation of a word is the thing in the real world the word is linked to, and it is the precise, literal definition of a word. Connotation of a word refers to the emotional meaning or associated meaning that a word may carry.3.gothic novelsGothic novel is a genre or mode of literature that combines elements of both horror and romance. Its origin is attributed to English author Horace Walpole, and his novel The Castle of Otranto. The gothic novels always include the following elements: the setting in a castle, an atmosphere of mystery and suspense, an ancient prophecy, omens, portents, supernatural or otherwise inexplicable events, high, even overwrought emotion, women in distress or threatened by a powerful, impulsive, tyrannical male, and the metonymy of gloom and horror. The gothic novels have influenced the novel, the short story, poetry and even film making up to the present day.4.Ralph Waldo Emerson and his worksEmerson was an American essayist, lecturer, and poet, who led the Transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He is acclaimed as one of the major writers of the mid-19th century, one of the most stimulating American minds. His writing falls into two types: essays and poetry, and his fame comes mainly from his essays. Among his best are Nature, The American Scholar and Self-Reliance. Nature has been called “the manifesto of American transcendentalism”; The American Scholar has been regarded as “America’s Declaration of Intellectual Independence”.厦门大学：1.allegoryAllegory is a story with second distinct meaning partially hidden behind its literal meaning. The principal technique of allegory is personification, whereby abstract qualities are given human shape. An allegory may be conceived as a metaphor that is extended into a structured system, as it involves a continuous parallel between two levels of meaning in a story.2.avant-garde-先锋派3.balladBallad is a folk song or orally transmitted poem telling in a direct and dramatic manner. Some ballad stories usually derived from a tragic incident in local history or legend. These stories are told simply, impersonally, and often with vivid dialogues. Appearing in many parts of Europe in the late Middle Age, ballads flourished particularly strongly in Scotland from the 15th century onward.4.Black mountain poetsThe Black mountain poets, sometimes called projectivist poets, were a group of mid-20th century American avant-garde or postmodern poets centered on Black Mountain College. Turning away from the poetic tradition espoused by T.S.Eliot, these poets emulated the free style of William Carlos Williams. Charles Olson’s essay Projective Verse became their manifesto. Olson emphasized the creative process, in which the poet’s energy is transferred through the poem to the reader. Inherent in this new poetry was the reliance upon decidedly American conversational language.5.Bloomsbury GroupIt is a loose coterie of writers linked by friendship to the homes of Vanessa Stephen and his sister Virginia in Bloomsbury from 1906 to the late 1930s. It had no doctrine or aim, despite a shared admiration for the moral philosophy of G.E.Moore, but the group had some importance as a centre of modernizing liberal opinion in the 1920s. 6.Eco-criticismIt is the study of literature and environment from an interdisciplinary point of view, where all sciences come together to analyze the environment, and brainstorm possible solutions for the correction of the contemporary environmental situation.Eco-criticism borrows methodologies and theorectically informs approaches liberally from other fields of literary, social and scientific study.A)Pecola Breedlove-from The Bluest EyeB)Frederic Henry-from A Farewell to Armsmeets the beautiful Catherine BarkleyC) Emma WoodhouseD) Pip-from Great ExpectationE) Yoaasrian-from Catch-22He is the protagonist of the novel. He is a captain in the Air Force and a lead bombardier in his squadron, but he hates the war. His powerful desire to live has led him to the conclusion that millions of people are trying to kill him. This insistence on self-preservation creates a conflict for him. Even though he is determined to save his own life at all costs, he nonetheless cares for the other members of his squadron and is traumatized by their deaths.F) Quentin Compson-from The Sound and the FuryHe is the oldest one in the Compsons. He feels an inordinate burden of responsibility to live up to the family’s past greatness and prestige. He is a very intelligent and sensitive young man, but is paralyzed by his obsession with Caddy and his preoccupation with a very traditional Southern code of conduct and morality. When he found his own family members have disregarded the Southern code, he was driven to despondency and eventually suicided.A)The first half of the 18th century is called the Age of Pope, why?1)It is under the influence of the Enlightenment, the guiding principle of which is ration, natural right and equality. So the Neo-classicism not only reflects principles and concerns of the literature of ancient Greece and Rome, but also emphasizes the simple form, restrained emotion and balanced, orderly rationality.2)Pope’s poems fully express the essential features of English Neo-classicism, such as the control of emotion, worship of reason and adherence to the styles and aesthetic principles of ancient Greek and Roman classical art. His philosophical essays, his keen satiric and moral sensibility and his mastering of the heroic couplet make him outshoot his age and win him the position of one of the greatest poets and satirists. Above all, Pope and his works best exemplify the Neo-classicism, so the first half of the 18th century is called the Age of Pope.B)Sinclair Lewis is the first American writer who got the Nobel Prize for Literature. Tell the reason.1)Lewis is well-known for his masterpiece Main Street, which is a bitter criticism ofthe dullness, hypocrisy, prejudice and oppression of life in a Milddle Western village.I believe he deserves the honor for the following reasons:①Lewis works hard to capture characteristic details. The pretensions of a small-town society, the thinness of the characters in his novel are portrayed in such a great detail that they produce photographic verisimilitude. 逼真②He is the master of satire. In this novel, Lewis displays his ability to reveal the ludicrousness 滑稽of a character or the absurdity of a situation, and touched them up in exaggeration, thus turning them into effective satire.③When Lewis is satirizing the smug provincial complacency, he not only emphasizes on the comic and ridiculous, but also wants to reform the America he pictured by skillfully arousing his readers’sympathies for the non-conformists in a conformist society.`北京航空航天大学：1.SymbolSymbol, in literary use, is a specially evocative kind of image, that is, a word or phrase referring to a concrete object, scene, or action which also has some further significance associated with it. The white whale in Melville’s Moby Dick is a symbol.2.TradegyTradegy is a serious play or by extension a novel that represents the disastrous downfall of a central character. Shakespeare’s King Lear and Macbeth are tragedies.3.AmbiguityAmbiguiy is the openness to different interpretations, or an instance in which some use of language may be understood in diverse ways. The simplest kind of ambiguity is achieved by the use of pun.4.ParadoxParadox is a statement or experience so surprisingly self-contradictory as to provoke us into seeking another sense or context in which it would be true. Shakespeare’s “the truest poetry is the most feigning” is a notable literary example of paradox.1.Hamlet seems to be delaying his revenge, why?Hamlet delayed in killing Claudius when he saw Claudius praying as he passed by the King’s chamber. If he killed Claudius when he was praying for his guilt, then he would help Claudius to enter the heaven. I think he delays because of his social and political ideal. Because Hamlet engages himself in a personal revenge and at the same time attempts to set the right “time” that is “out of joint”. He is an idealist and what he wants is not a secret revenge but an open punishment to the killer.2.How do you understand the Englightenment Spirit?The Englightenment is the movement of intellectual liberation that developed in Western Europe from the late 17th century to the late 18th century. It central idea is theneed for human reason to clear away ancient superstition, prejudice, dogma and injustic. I think the Enlightenment spirit encourages rational inquiry, humanitatian tolerance and the idea of universal human right. This spirit is found in the poems of Alexander Pope, such as Essays of Criticism and Essays on Man that upholds the principles of rationality, morality, balance, unity and order. It is also found in Henry Fielding’s The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, which gives a realistic presentation of life of the common people with flaws.国际关系学院1.tragic flaw of a characterTaking Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello as an example, the flaw of Othello, such as jealousy, credulity and difference, lead to the tragic killing of this play. Othello is the play’s protagonist, although he is not a native of Venice but rather a Moor, he is the highly respected general of Venice. His marrying with Desdemona is spite of the disapproval of her father is a beginning of the tragedy, but the fraility of Othello’s character is the main cause. First, Othello lacks self-confidence as he always considers himself as an outsider and not polished enough, we can see this from saying “I am black, and have not those soft parts of conservation that chamberers出入闺房者have, and maybe a little old.”This weakness is taken by Iago, who makes mischief and tells Othello that Cassio had affairs with Desdemona. Though Othello is warned against jealous “O, beware, my lord, of jealousy; It is the green-ey’d monster, which doth mock the meat it feeds on”, he is quite credulous and overwhelmed by jealousy, and finally he killed his wife tragically. So we can see that Othello’s tragic suffering mainly stems from the frailties in his character.2.What the omniscient point of view is with reference to one novel Omniscience point of view refers to the narrator of the fiction who has a full knowledge of the story, the motives and unspoken thoughts of the characters. The omniscient narrator is also capable of describing events happening stimultaneously in different places. In Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, although the narration typically stays with Elizabeth, it occassionally offers us information that Elizabeth isn’t aware of something, such as Charoltte’s pursuit of Mr. Collins. This third omniscient point of view leads a cold dimension to the novel, which helps the readers to find neutrally the wrong judgments and flaws of both the protagonists, thus the readers can better understand how the protagonists overcome their pride and prejudice and achieve their happy marriage.3, Describe the characteristics of “the Lost Generation”with references to writers and literary works.It was applied to th disillusioned intellectuals and aesthetes of the years following the First World War, who rebelled against former ideals and values, but replaced them only by despair and a cynical hedonism. The simple language and the tendency of spoken language are the characters of the lost generation. The simple style is pushed to the extreme in Hemingway works, such as his A Farewell to Arms and The OldMan and the Sea. The lost generation cut themselves from the old values and lost in disillusionment and existential voids. The hollowness and hedonism in Fitzgerald’s fiction The Great Gatsby best exemplify this characteristic. The lost generation writers all gained prominence in 20th century literature. Their innovations challenged assumptions about writing and expression.武汉大学20121.The American frontier and wildness plays a significant symbolic role in American literary imagination.Though the defintion of “the frontier” has developed over time to include not only the “vast and howling wilderness” of the Puritans, but also the far reaches of cyber space, the essential notion of unexplored territory-of fresh starts and wide open spaces-has always occupied a central place in the American cultural and literary imagination. James Cooper depicted the world of the American frontier in his Leatherstocking Tales, in which he creates Natty Bumppo as a western hero who lives in a mysterious wild country and has a legendary career. Natty Bumppo is a typical frontier man. He is honest, simple, innocent and generous. His chief strength is adaptability. He adapts to the difficulties of the frontier and bridges the divide between white and Indian cultures.Howevever, idealize, mythologize, the level of eoic, a froniter myth. prosaic and normal lives of men and women on the frontier are transformed into the idea that two worlds are in sharp collision. Two very different traditions are locked in conflict over the possession of the land, one primitive and the other civilized.Frontier a myth about the conquest to the wilderness, the tale of survival, persistence or even cruel destiny in the fighting with the wildness. Jack London’s famous short story To Build a Fire centers on the wilderness in a more realistic way. about an unnamed man’s disasterous trek across the Yukon Territory near Alaska. uses repetition and precise description to emphasize the brutal coldness and unforgiving landscape of the Northland, against which the inexperienced protagonist, accompanied only by a dog, struggles unsuccessfully to save himself from freezing to death after a series of mishaps.Cooper romanticist at the beginning of the 19th century, Jack London belongs to the realistic era toward the end of the same century. according to their respective philosophies of art and life, and show us completely different works.。
沈阳师范大学文学理论2012考研试题真题
2012年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷代码： 618 科目名称：文学理论适用专业名称：文艺学/中国古代文学/中国现当代文学/比较文学与世界文学/中国少数民族语言文学考生注意：请将答案写在答题纸上，写在本题签及草纸上无效。
考试后本题签同答题纸一并交回。
一、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1.根据文学创造的主客体关系和文学作为意识形态对现实的不同反映方式，把文学作品分为现实型、理想型和____________三种类型。
2.在文学阅读活动中，期待视野主要呈现为文体期待、形象期待和___________。
3.文本时间和故事时间之间的关系主要从三个方面表现出来,就是时序、____________和频率。
4.提出“陌生化”概念的理论派别是___________。
5.美国当代文艺学家艾布拉姆斯在《镜与灯》一书中提出，文学作为一种活动，是由___________、作家、世界、读者四个要素组成。
6.“二为方向”是社会主义时期一切文学活动发展的根本方向和根本目的，其内容具体包括、。
7.古罗马___________提出了文艺要“寓教于乐”的主张。
8.清代文艺理论著作《闲情偶寄》的作者是___________。
9.“文章合为时而著，歌诗合为事而作”是由唐代诗人___________提出来的。
二、解释下列文学理论术语（每题5分，共20分）1.典型环境2.艺术概括3.文学风格4.意境三、简答题（每题20分，共60分）1.简述文学形象的基本特征。
2.谈谈你对“有意味的形式”这一概念的理解。
3.简述艺术发现的心理特征。
四、论述题（每题30分，共60分）1.谈谈你对文学的审美意识形态属性的理解和认识。
2.论述文学消费、文学接受和文学欣赏的关系。
共 1 页，第1页。
2012年沈阳师范大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题【圣才出品】
2012年沈阳师范大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题科目代码：357科目名称：英语翻译基础一、词语翻译。
(共30题，每题1分，合计30分)1.英译汉。
将下列单词或短语译成汉语（共15题，每题1分，合计15分）。
1)Archilles’heel2)Adoration of the Magi3)American Indian Movement 4)euthanasia5)eleven-plus6)Emmy Award7)The Boston Tea Party8)Arlington National Cemetery9)Dear John Letter 10)The Emancipation Proclamation11)the Maldives12)Moby-Dick13)Ode to a Nightingale14)Piccadilly Circus15)fundamentalism2.汉译英。
将下列单词或短语译成英语（共15题，每题1分，合计15分）。
1)《纯真时代》2)亚马逊雨林3)《坎特伯雷故事集》4)《资本论》5)启蒙时代6)落基山脉7)五大湖8)大英博物馆9)英国下院10)金门桥11)格林尼治时间12)大熔炉13)转基因食品14)欧盟15)《吉尼斯世界纪录》二、句子翻译。
（共20题，每题2分，合计40分）1.把下列谚语、名言翻译成汉语。
（共5题，每题2分，合计10分）。
请考生必须写出句子的引申意义，只译出表面意义会减分。
1）It is all Greek to me.2）All lay loads on a willing horse.3）Clogs to clogs is only three generations.4）In the country of the blind,the one-eyed man is king.5）In wine there’s truth.2.把下列句子译成汉语。
(NEW)沈阳师范大学外国语学院846语言学历年考研真题汇编
目 录2012年沈阳师范大学外国语学院850语言学考研真题2013年沈阳师范大学外国语学院851语言学考研真题2014年沈阳师范大学外国语学院849语言学考研真题2012年沈阳师范大学外国语学院850语言学考研真题科目代码：850科目名称：语言学I. 解释下列术语（共5题，每题4分，合计20分）1．aphasia2．IC analysis3．productivity (as a property of language)4．locutionary act5．phonemeII. 简单回答下列问题（共5题，每题8分，合计40分）1．What is meant by “arbitrariness” according to Saussure?2．Is there a general trend in language change?3．What are the crucial features of diglossia in the narrow sense of the term? 4．Why is spoken language primary and writing secondary?5．Explain sentence meaning and utterance meaning.III. 用语言学理论分析下列各题（共4题，每题10分，合计40分）1．Study the follow note. Name at least 4 ways Tom uses for showing politeness.Dear Professor Wang,I’m writing to apologize for my failure to turn up for our appointment yesterday. One of my best friends came to see me. We haven’t seen eachother for more than 5 years. Please pardon me. I wonder if it is possible to have another appointment sometime this weekend. Thank you.Yours truly,Tom2．How would you describe the oddness of the following sentences, using semantic features?a. The television drank my water.b. His dog writes poetry.3．We can use the pattern “it is…” (the cleft construction) to emphasize any part of a sentence except the predicate. What can we do if we must emphasize it? Please emphasize every possible part of the following sentence:I saw an ambulance before the building yesterday.4．Think of the four maxims of the Cooperative Principle proposed by P. Grice. Explain the violation of maxims in the cases below and point out their possible implicature.(1) A: Could you define the term gynecology?B: Well, gynecology is gynecology. That’s it.(2) A: I like this popular song so much. How about you?B: I often hear classical music.(3) A: Let’s dine out with the kids this weekend.B: Okay, but not M-c-D-o-n-a-l-d-s.A: London’s the capital of the United States.B: Yes, Beijing’s the capital of Japan.IV. 回答下列问题（共2题，每题25分，合计50分）1．Saussure puts forwards the concept of langue and parole, and Chomsky puts forward the concept of competence and performance. Please explain the differences and similarities, if any, of the two pairs: langue and parole vs. competence and performance.2．Make a comment on the following statement based on your own experience:There exists a close relationship between language and culture. In other words, a successful master of a given language has much to do with an understanding of that culture.2013年沈阳师范大学外国语学院851语言学考研真题科目代码：851科目名称：语言学I. 解释下列术语（共5题，每题4分，合计20分）1．Minimal pairs2．Cultural transmission3．Cooperative Principle4．Diglossia5．Move-αII. 简单回答下列问题（共5题，每题8分，合计40分）1．What are the well-known theories about the origin of language? 2．What are the criteria of a compound word?3．What is speech act theory?4．What is speech community?5．What is the difference between stabilization and fossilization?III. 用语言学理论分析下列各题（共4题，每题10分，合计40分）1．Tell the sense relation between A and B in each of the first four pairs, and the one in the last sentence:A. She got a tulip.B. She got a flower.A. You haven’t returned the book to me.B. You received a book from me.A. The boy chased the dog.B. The dog was chased by the boy.A. Mark is a bachelor.B. Mark is married.The blackboard has a bad temper.2．Identify the bound morphemes in the following words:the teacher’s booksit’s snowing heavilythe shortened stickthe smallest monkey jumped over the moonto walk carelessly3．How would you describe the short exchange in terms of indirect speech act?Motorist: My car needs a new exhaust system.Mechanic: I’ll be busy with the other car all day.4．Comment briefly on the British linguist Palmer’s argument that “there is no absolute distinction between gradable antonyms and complementary antonyms. We can treat male/female, married/single, alive/dead as gradable antonyms on occasions. Someone can be very male or more married and certainly more dead than alive.”IV. 回答下列问题（共2题，每题25分，合计50分）1．What is the difference between the western notion of face and the Chinese notion of face?2．Try to understand the following two paragraphs, and describe and comment what two contrasting approaches or perspectives of language studies each of the quotes represents.a) A human language is a system of remarkable complexity. To come to know a human language would be an extraordinary intellectual achievement for a creature not specifically designed to accomplish this task. A normal child acquires this knowledge on relatively slight exposure and without specific training. Thus language is a mirror of mind in a deep and significant sense. It is a product of human intelligence, created anew in each individual by operations that lie far beyond the reach of will or consciousness. (Chomsky)b) It is fairly obvious that language is used to serve a variety of different needs, but until we examine its grammar there is no clear reason for classifying its uses in any particular way. This enables us to give an account of the different functions of language that is relevant to the general understanding of linguistic structure rather than to any particular psychological or sociological investigation. (Halliday)2014年沈阳师范大学外国语学院849语言学考研真题科目代码：849科目名称：语言学I. 解释下列术语（共5题，每题4分，合计20分）1．arbitrariness2．langue3．accoustic phonetics4．componential analysis5．interlanguageII. 简单回答下列问题（共5题，每题8分，合计40分）1．Explain the four major XPs.2．Give at least one example to illustrate overgeneralization in error analysis.3．What is idiolect?4．What are the three kinds of antonyms?5．What’s Krashen’s Input Hypothesis?III.用语言学理论分析下列各题（共4题，每题10分，合计40分）1．Identify the morphemes (derivative or inflectional morphemes) used in the following sentences.It’s snowing heavily.The artist decided to donate all his pictures to the gallery.China will make a greater contribution to humanity.That is a desirable economic reform.2．Point out the ambiguity involved in each of the following sentences. They are flying planes.He is an associate editor and professor.They fed her dog biscuits.They are lying on the grass.He saw a piece of wood.3．Draw a tree structure for each sentence.1) You know that I love her.2) The children argued over whether bats had wings.4．Give the pragmatic presupposition for each of the following sentences.1) My father’s car needs repairing.2) The former president of Africa died at 95.3) You should stop eating raw oysters.4) Catherine pretends she knows nothing about this event.5) We greatly appreciate your helping us in the experiment.IV 回答下列问题（共2题，每题25分，合计50分）1．Choose one from the three schools of modern linguistics and comment on its main contribution: The Prague School, The Copenhagen School and The London School.2．Discuss the five major causes of language change.。
2012全国53所高校MTI真题汇总(网友回忆版)-汉语写作和百科知识单元
2012年全国53所高校MTI真题（网友回忆版）汉语写作和百科知识单元目录1. 对外经贸大学 (1)2. 北京大学 (2)3. 北二外 (2)4. 北京外国语学院 (3)5. 北林 (3)6. 首师大 (3)7. 北京科技大学 (5)8. 北京师范大学 (5)9. 北京交通大学 (6)10. 中石油（北京） (6)11. 北京航空航天大学 (6)12. 北京语言大学 (7)13. 复旦大学 (7)14. 上海交通大学 (8)15. 同济大学 (8)16. 郑州大学 (9)17. 上海外国语大学 (9)18. 上海大学 (14)19. 上海东华大学 (16)20. 华东师范 (16)21. 华中师范 (16)22. 华中科技大学 (17)23. 东南大学 (17)24. 西安外国语 (17)25. 南京农业大学 (18)26. 南京大学 (18)27. 南京师范大学 (19)28. 大连海事大学 (19)29. 天津外国语 (19)30. 天津大学 (20)31. 南开大学 (20)32. 广外 (21)33. 暨南大学 (21)34. 湖南师大 (21)35. 四川外国语 (22)36. 四川大学 (22)37. 山东大学 (23)38. 青岛大学 (23)39. 苏州大学 (23)40. 吉林大学 (24)41. 西工大 (25)42. 西财 (25)43. 浙江大学 (25)44. 重庆大学 (26)45. 武汉大学 (26)46. 贵州大学 (27)47. 扬州大学 (27)48. 福师大 (28)49. 中国海洋大学 (28)50. 中南大学 (28)51. 上海海事大学 (29)52. 云南师范大学 (29)53. 湖南大学 (29)1. 对外经贸大学百科：史记包含的五类，初唐四杰，初唐四大书法家，最大规模农民战争，唐代山水诗派代表，苦吟诗人，“飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天”是哪首诗的，中国画祖之类，看过一遍中国文化的应该都问题不大，但明年就说不定了。
沈阳师范大学英语翻译理论与实践2012考研试题真题
2012年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷科目代码：851 科目名称：翻译理论与实践适用专业名称：外国语言学及应用语言学（翻译）考生注意：请将答案写在答题纸上，写在本题签及草纸上无效。
考试后本题签同答题纸一并交回。
一、从翻译的角度用汉语简述（共4题，每题5分，合计20分）1. 玄奘2. 鲁迅3. 严复4．林纾二、词汇翻译（共15题，每题2分，合计30分）将句子里的划线词汇翻译成相应的汉语，翻译时可以做相应的变化，如hesitate 既可翻译成“犹豫”，也可翻译成“犹犹豫豫”或“犹豫再三”等，但以出现在语境中的词义为最优选择，所以，英语的名词未必翻译成汉语的名词。
1.He found the fast tempo of New York City stimulating but exhausting.2.The scandal was detrimental to the politician’s reputation and contributed to his loss in the election.3.In an ideal marriage, one’s mate is also one’s confidant—to whom all can be told.4.The vegetarian has an aversion to meat.5.Give less importance to temporal concerns and more to eternal ones.6. A country has jurisdiction over the fishing rights of several miles off its coast.7.The caricature of the political leader exaggerated his fatness and big mouth.8. A person should be neither overly suspicious nor the opposite—gullible.9.The women’s group issued a manifesto stating its view on equal rights.10.The earthquake produced fissures in the highway which stopped all traffic.11.Love and greed are ubiquitous, having been found in all human societies.12.The beauty of a flower is transient.13.Some people gesticulate when they talk excitedly whereas others keep their hands still but just talklouder.14.The captured spy gave equivocal answers to the questions he was asked in order to confuse the enemy.15.The first action of the new dictator was to purge the government of all disloyal members.三、英汉翻译（合计50分）The provost(教务长) of one of our largest and most honored institutions told me not long ago that a questionnaire was distributed to his undergraduates and that 40% refused to acknowledge that they believed cheating on examinations to be reprehensible. Recently a reporter for a New York newspaper stopped six people on the street and asked them if they would consent to take part in a rigged TV quiz for money. He reported that five of the six said yes. Yet most of these five, like most of the college cheaters, would probably profess a strong social consciousness. They may cheat, but they vote for foreign aid and forenlightened social measures.These two examples exhibit a paradox of our age. It is often said, any my observation leads me to believe it true, that our seemingly great growth in social morality had oddly enough taken place in a world where private morality---a sense of supreme importance of purely personal honor, honesty, and integrity---seems to be declining. Beneficent and benevolent social institutions are administered by men who all too frequently turn out to be accepting “gifts”. The world of popular entertainment is rocked by scandals. College students put on their honor, cheat on examinations. Candidates for the Ph. D hire ghost writers to prepare their theses. But one may object, haven’t all these things always been true? Is there really any evidence that personal dishonesty is more prevalent than it always was? I have no way of making a historical measurement. Perhaps these things are not actually more prevalent. What I do know is that there is an increasing tendency to accept and take for granted such personal dishonesty.四、汉英翻译（合计50分）人的生命对于自己来说，很漫长；相对于自然来说，很短暂。
沈阳师范学科教学(833英语)考研复试真题-英美文化笔试(2010-2016)
（2010年）英美文化笔试：mon Law2.Special development areas3.The pioneering spirit4.Ralf Nader5.grammar school6.New England论述：1.Why has the English language changed so fast in this cen tury?2.What would you do if you wish to become proficient in En glish?（2011年）英美文化真题1.The wars of the Roses2.The Provisional IRA3.The Peace People4.Open University论述：1.Are British people obliged to use the National Health Se rvice? What choice do they have?2.What are some of the characteristics of a reserved Engli sh man ?（2012年）英美文化真题1.Open University2.The separation of powers3.The Supreme Court4.The Bill of Rights论述：1.What are some of the characteristics of a reserved English man ?2.In what way does religion reflect the American way of lif e？（2013年）英美文化笔试1.The pioneering spirit2.The Bill of Rights3.The Supreme Court4.The rule of law论述：1.What are the four main parts of the welfare operations in Britain?2.What would you do if you wish to become proficient in Engl ish?（2014年）英美文化真题1.Pilgram2.the colour problems in Britain3.New England4.the selective论述：1.What is the greatest argument about public schools?2.Why does the Englishman value a sense of humour?（2015年）英美文化真题1.The Bible2.invisible earnings3.the middle English4.The House of Lords论述：1.Dissuss the system of government in Britain today?2.In what way does religion reflect the American way of lif e？（2016年）英美文化真题1.the City of London2.Shakespeare3.the nuclear family4.the Civil War论述：1.What were the major causes of the American Revolution?2.What is the greatest argument about public schools?。
沈阳师范大学中外美术史2012到2014三套考研真题
2012年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷代码： 836 科目名称：中外美术史适用专业名称：美术学/美术/学科教学(美术) 考生注意：请将答案写在答题纸上，写在本题签及草纸上无效。
考试后本题签同答题纸一并交回。
一、单选题（共10题，每题1分，共10分）1. 伦勃朗是______的代表画家。
A、德国B、佛兰德斯C、尼德兰D、荷兰2. 《奥尔南的葬礼》是法国19世纪著名画家的作品。
A、库尔贝B、达维特C、安格尔D、德拉克洛瓦3. 包豪斯学校的建筑设计师是______。
A、F·L·赖特B、勒·柯布西耶C、格罗皮乌斯D、高迪4. 达达主义运动的领军者是______。
A、康定斯基B、蒙德里安C、杜桑D、波洛克5. 乐山大佛创作于______。
A、魏晋B、唐代C、明代D、清代6. 当今海外最活跃的艺术家中，擅长以火药爆破的是______。
A、黄永砯B、谷文达C、徐冰D、蔡国强7. 《步辇图》中的皇帝是______。
A、唐后主B、唐明皇C、李世民D、李渊8. 19世纪英国画家波宁顿（Bonington）在______领域成就最大。
A、水彩B、油画C、版画D、雕塑9. 自号“江南第一风流才子”的画家是______。
A、齐白石B、唐伯虎C、朱耷D、石涛10. 汉四灵中的朱雀代表______。
A、东方B、西方C、南方D、北方二、名词解释（共4题，每题5分，共计20分）1. 气韵生动2. 白描3. 巴洛克美术4. 印象主义三、美术经典赏析（以下任选两题回答，请注明题号并用正楷书写，每题10分，共计20分）1. 《伏尔加河上的纤夫》（列宾）2. 《虢国夫人游春图》（张萱）3. 《创世纪》（米开朗基罗）四、论文写作（内容有理有据，观点明确，每题篇幅不少于500字，每题50分，共计100分）（1）郑板桥曾作题画诗：“些小吾曹州县吏，一枝一叶总关情”；蒋兆和曾作《流民图》；徐悲鸿曾为抗战创作《奔马》，由此谈谈您对艺术家（或设计师）社会责任感的认识。
英美文学试题及答案
英美文学试题及答案### 英美文学试题及答案#### 一、选择题1. 以下哪部作品是威廉·莎士比亚的代表作？A. 《悲惨世界》B. 《哈姆雷特》C. 《安娜·卡列尼娜》D. 《了不起的盖茨比》答案：B2. 爱伦·坡的哪部短篇小说被誉为哥特式恐怖小说的经典之作？A. 《黑猫》B. 《红死病的假面舞会》C. 《乌鸦》D. 《告密的心》答案：B3. 以下哪位作家是现代主义文学的代表人物？A. 简·奥斯汀B. 乔治·奥威尔C. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫D. 马克·吐温答案：C#### 二、填空题4. 英国浪漫主义诗人威廉·华兹华斯在其作品《_______》中表达了对自然的热爱和对简单生活的向往。
答案：《抒情歌谣集》5. 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》中，盖茨比的悲剧性结局反映了20世纪20年代美国社会的一种_______。
答案：幻灭#### 三、简答题6. 简述《简·爱》中简·爱的独立精神。
《简·爱》是夏洛蒂·勃朗特的代表作，简·爱在作品中展现了强烈的独立精神。
她不屈从于社会地位和财富的压迫，坚持自己的道德信念和个人尊严。
在与罗切斯特先生的关系中，她拒绝成为他的情妇，坚持要得到平等和尊重。
简·爱的独立精神体现了19世纪女性自我意识的觉醒和对传统性别角色的挑战。
7. 描述《老人与海》中老渔夫桑地亚哥的形象。
《老人与海》是欧内斯特·海明威的杰作，老渔夫桑地亚哥是作品中的中心人物。
他是一个经验丰富、坚韧不拔的渔夫，面对连续84天没有捕到鱼的困境，他没有放弃，而是继续出海。
在与一条巨大的马林鱼的搏斗中，桑地亚哥展现了顽强的生命力和不屈的斗志。
尽管最终他只带回了鱼的骨架，但他的勇敢和坚持赢得了人们的尊敬，体现了人类与自然斗争的永恒主题。
沈阳师范大学外国文学2012考研试题
2012年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
代码： 848 科目名称：外国文学适用专业名称：比较文学与世界文学考生注意：请将答案写在答题纸上，写在本题签及草纸上无效。
考试后本题签同答题纸一并交回。
一、填空题（共10题，每题1分，合计10分）
1.《荷马史诗》中表现战争主题的史诗是（）。
2.在欧洲文学史上，第一部为妇女鸣不平的作品是（）。
3.主张“返回自然”的法国代表作家是（）。
4.艾米莉·勃朗特的代表作品是（）。
5.在英国文学中被马克思称为“第一个资产者”的文学形象是（）。
6.前苏联文学中开启了“集中营文学”先河的作家是（）。
7.托马斯·曼的代表作是( )。
8.《园丁集》的作者是著名诗人（）。
9.被誉为美国当代戏剧奠基者的是（）。
10.小说《墙上的斑点》的作者是（）。
二、解释下列术语（共4题，每题5分，合计20分）
1.多余人
2.“狂飙突进”运动
3.黑色幽默小说
4.比较文学中的美国学派
三、简答题（共4题，每题15分，合计60分）
1.简析简·爱形象。
2.简析福克纳《喧哗与骚动》中的意识流手法。
3.简论果戈里小说《死魂灵》的意义。
4.简述19世纪现实主义小说的发展历程。
四、论述题（共2题，每题30分，合计60分）
1.试比较于连和拉斯蒂涅这两个文学形象。
2.选择适当角度详细论述雨果小说《悲惨世界》。
共 1 页，第1页。
2012年的复试题
一. 填空20分1.P1. the First Folio was published all of William Shakespear's plays in 1623,2.John Milton writes ...not in 什么Pentemetre, 。
Rhmed stanzas and 什么。
3.the songs of innocence and the songs of Experience are William Bake's works。
4.T he Solitary Reaper is written by William Wordsworth, he compared the girl's singing to nightingale's chanting and cuckoo's singing.5.Ralph Waldo Emerson expresses transdentalism in Nature6.Mark Twain is the pen name for Samuel Langhorne Clemens7.William Faulkner is the author of The Sound and the Fury.剩下的暂时想不起了，共12题二. 简答题40分1. comment on " pinned to a lady's coach " by Robert Burns 2. What is the theme of The Hairy Ape ? 3. what are the characteristics of Daniel Defoe 's style and language. 好像是记不清了4. Comment on the symblic meaning in The Road Not Taken三. 问答题40分 1. How is the comic effect achieved in Act I of The importance of Being Earnest (Gwendolen and Jack) 2.The point of view and its effect in Mark Twain's The adventures of Huckleberry Finn四. 大问答题50分what is the characterization? How does Jane Austen portray the Bennets in Pride and Prejudice.恩，你们这么快，我刚回来歇了会儿，现在把回忆版的试着补全好了。
英美文学考研题库和答案详解
英美文学考研题库和答案详解下列哪一部作品不是由英国作家莎士比亚所著？答案：D.《白鲸》是由美国作家赫尔曼·梅尔维尔所著。
答案：A.欧内斯特·海明威凭借其作品《老人与海》、《战地春梦》等获得了诺贝尔文学奖。
答案：B.《红与黑》是批判现实主义文学作品。
答案：英国文艺复兴时期的文学作品表现出对人文主义的强烈追求，个体的内心世界和人类命运，作品主题多样，涵盖爱情、友谊、家庭、社会矛盾等。
作品形式多样，包括戏剧、诗歌、散文等。
代表作家包括莎士比亚、培根等。
答案：美国现代主义文学强调个体内心的表达，人类的困境和困惑。
作品形式创新，常常采用象征、隐喻、意识流等手法。
主题包括孤独、迷茫、自我等。
代表作家包括庞德、艾略特、福克纳等。
请论述英国浪漫主义诗歌的主要代表人物及作品，并阐述其艺术特色。
答案：英国浪漫主义诗歌的主要代表人物有华兹华斯、柯勒律治和拜伦。
华兹华斯的《抒情歌谣集》表现了他对自然的热爱和对人类情感的理解；柯勒律治的《古舟子咏》讲述了一个海上漂流的故事，揭示了人类的罪恶和苦难；拜伦的《恰尔德·哈罗尔德游记》和《唐璜》则以豪放的激情和鲜明的个性，表现了诗人的反抗精神和积极进取的精神。
这些诗人的作品都展现了浪漫主义诗歌的艺术特色：以自然为题材，赞美自然，抒发个人情感，人类命运，反对封建制度等。
请阐述美国现实主义文学的主要特点和代表作家。
答案：美国现实主义文学的主要特点是对社会现实的客观描述和批判，社会问题和社会底层人民的命运。
代表作家包括马克·吐温、亨利·詹姆斯、欧内斯特·海明威等。
马克·吐温的《汤姆·索亚历险记》、《哈克贝里·芬历险记》等作品以幽默讽刺的手法揭示了社会的黑暗面；亨利·詹姆斯的《贵妇人的画像》、《螺丝在拧紧》等作品则深入探讨了人的内心世界和人际关系的复杂性；欧内斯特·海明威的《太阳照常升起》、《老人与海》等作品以简洁明快的语言和客观写实的手法表现了战争的残酷和人类的勇气与尊严。
英美文学考研真题试卷
英美文学考研真题试卷一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪部作品是威廉·莎士比亚的悲剧？A.《罗密欧与朱丽叶》B.《仲夏夜之梦》C.《威尼斯商人》D.《第十二夜》2. 以下哪位作家被称为“美国文学之父”？A. 爱德加·爱伦·坡B. 华盛顿·欧文C. 纳撒尼尔·霍桑D. 马克·吐温3. 以下哪部作品是查尔斯·狄更斯的代表作？A.《大卫·科波菲尔》B.《简·爱》C.《傲慢与偏见》D.《呼啸山庄》4. 以下哪位诗人被誉为“英国浪漫主义诗人”？A. 威廉·华兹华斯B. 约翰·弥尔顿C. 托马斯·哈代D. 罗伯特·弗罗斯特5. 以下哪部作品是乔治·奥威尔的反乌托邦小说？A.《1984》B.《动物农场》C.《美丽新世界》D.《我们》6. 以下哪位作家是现代主义文学的代表人物？A. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫B. 简·奥斯汀C. 奥斯卡·王尔德D. 乔治·艾略特7. 以下哪部作品是海明威的代表作？A.《老人与海》B.《了不起的盖茨比》C.《太阳照常升起》D.《永别了，武器》8. 以下哪部作品是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的代表作？A.《到灯塔去》B.《简·爱》C.《呼啸山庄》D.《傲慢与偏见》9. 以下哪位作家是后现代主义文学的代表人物？A. 托马斯·品钦B. 詹姆斯·乔伊斯C. 弗朗茨·卡夫卡D. 阿尔贝·加缪10. 以下哪部作品是简·奥斯汀的代表作？A.《理智与情感》B.《傲慢与偏见》C.《曼斯菲尔德庄园》D.《爱玛》二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）11. 简述《了不起的盖茨比》中盖茨比的美国梦及其破灭的原因。
12. 分析《简·爱》中简·爱的性格特点及其对女性独立意识的影响。
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2012年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷代码： 849 科目名称：英美文学适用专业名称：英语语言文学考生注意：请将答案写在答题纸上，写在本题签及草纸上无效。
考试后本题签同答题纸一并交回。
本试题一律用英语作答第一题：专业基础（共30分）I.写出下列15位作家的代表作品各1部（本题共15分，每个1分）1. D. H. Lawrence2. Thomas Hardy3. Emily Bronte4. Kingsley Amis5. Jane Austen6. Francis Bacon7. Samuel Becket8. William Blake9. Robert Frost10. Toni Morrison 11. Ezra Pound 12. Ralph Ellison 13. Earnest Hemingway14. William Faulkner 15. F. Scott FitzgeraldII．写出下列15部作品的作者名字（本题共15分，每个1分）1. Look Back in Anger2. Lord of the Flies3. Ivanhoe4. Ode to the West Wind5. Vanity Fair6. The Picture of Dorian Gray7. A Room of One’s Own8. The Solitary Reaper9. The Minister’s Black Veil 10. The Pioneers 11. To a Waterfowl12. Nature 13. The Fall of the House of Usher 14. Resistance to Civil Government15. The American Tragedy第二题：给出下列10个术语中的定义（共30分，每个3分）1. Angry Young Men2. Archetype3. Autobiography4. Beat Generation5. Bildungsroman6. Black Humor7. Dramatic Irony8. The Enlightenment9. Fatalism 10. Genre第三题：对以下3位作家、3部作品予以简述（共30分，每个5分）I.作家1. John Keats2. Oscar Wilde3. Edgar Allan PoeII.作品1. I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud2. The French Lieutenant’s Woman3. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn第四题：仔细阅读下列文学选段并根据要求做出评述（共30分，每个10分）1.细读本散文（段落），并用200词，评述其中心思想I read the other day some verses written by an eminent painter which were original and not conventional. Always the soul hears an admonition in such lines, let the subject be what it may. The sentiment they instill is of more value than any thought they may contain. To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart, is true for all men, --- that is genius. Speak your latent conviction and it shall be the universal sense; for always the inmost becomes the outmost, --- and our first thought is rendered back to us by the trumpets of the Last Judgment. Familiar as the voice of the mind is to each, the highest merit we ascribe to the Moses, Plato, and Milton, is that they set at naught books and traditions, and spoke not what men but what they thought. A man should learn to detect and watch that gleam of light which flashes across his mind from within, more than the luster of firmament of bards and sages. Yet he dismisses without notice his thought, because it is his. In every work of genius we recognize our own rejected thoughts: they come back to us with a certain alienated majesty. Great works of art have no more affecting lesson for us than this. They teach us to abide by our spontaneous impression with good humored inflexibility then most when the whole cry of voices is on the other side. Else, to-morrow a stranger will say with masterly good sense precisely what we have thought and felt all the time, and we shall be forced to take with shame our own opinion from another.There is a time in every man’s education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance; thatimitation is suicide; that he must take himself for better, for worse, as his portion; that though the wild universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but through his toil bestowed on that plot of ground which is given to him to till. The power which resides in him is new in nature, and none but he knows what that is which he can do, nor does he know until he has tried.2.细读此首诗，并写出200词的赏析Grass*Pile the bodies high at Austerlitz and Waterloo.Shovel them under and let me work ---I am the grass; I cover all.And pile them high at GettysburgAnd pile them high at Ypres and Verdun.Shovel them under and let me work.Two years, ten years, and passengers ask the conductor:What place is this?Where are we now?I am the grass.Let me work.* The proper names in this poem are all famous battlefields in the Napoleonic Wars, the American Civil War, and World War I.3. 细读本戏剧片段，并写出200词的赏析ANTONIO.I pray you, think you question with the Jew:You may as well go stand upon the beach,And bid the main flood bate his usual height;You may as well use question with the wolf,Why he hath made the ewe bleat for the lamb;You may as well forbid the mountain pinesTo wag their high tops, as to make no noise,When they are fretten with the gusts of heaven;You may as well do anything most hard,As seek to soften that, --than which what’s harder?—His Jewish heart: --therefore, I do beseech you,Make no more offers, use no further means,But, with all brief and plain conveniency,Let me have judgment, and the Jew his will.BASSANIO.For thy three thousand ducats here is six.SHYLOCK.If every ducat in six thousand ducatsWere in six parts, and every part a ducat,I would not draw them, --I would have my bond.DUKE OF VENICE.How shalt thou hope for mercy, rendering none?SHYLOCK.What judgment shall I dread, doing no wrong?You have among you many a purchased slave,Which, like your asses and your dogs and mules.You use in abject and in slavish partsBecause you bought them:--shall I say to you,Let them be free, marry them to your heirs?Why sweat they under burdens? Let their bedsBe made as soft as yours, and let their palatesBe season’d with such viands? You will answer,The slaves are ours:--so do I answer you:The pond of flesh, which demand of him,Is dearly bought, ’tis mine, and I will have it.If you deny me, fie upon your law!There is no force in the decrees of Venice.I stand for judgment: answer,--shall I have it?第五题：在下列6个文学批评流派中任选其2，每个用100单词，综合论述其起因、主要特征、主要代表人物、主要代表作品（共30分，每个15分）1. Archetypal Criticism2. Feminist Criticism3. Marxist Criticism4. New Historical Criticism5. Psychoanalytical Criticism6. Post-colonialist Criticism。