Reconsidering Cognitive Load in Web based Instruction
教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力题库检测试卷A卷附答案
2023年教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力题库检测试卷A卷附答案单选题（共100题）1、Every student as well as teachers who __________to visit the museumasked to be at the school gate on time.A.is; isB.are; areC.is; areD.are; is【答案】 D2、We have no trust in him because he has never__________ the grandiose promises he makes.A.delivered onB.eaten offC.forgotten aboutD.abided by【答案】 A3、/s/and/θ/can be distinguished by__________.A.manner of articulationB.place of articulationC.vibration of the vocal cordsD.aspiration of articulation【答案】 B4、I arrived at the airport so late that I __________missed the plane.A.onlyB.quiteC.narrowlyD.seldom【答案】 C5、/t/is not fully pronounced inA.footballB.suitcaseC.at homeD.hot day【答案】 C6、Which of the following describes the process in which one’s language ability is developed in natural and everyday situation?A.PerformancepetenceC.LearningD.Acquisition【答案】 D7、There are two kinds of motive for engaging in any activity: internal and instrumental. If a scientist conducts research because she wants to discover important facts about the world, that's an internal motive, since discovering facts is inherently related to the activity of research. If she conducts research because she wants to achieve scholarly renown, that's an instrumental motive, since the relation between fame and research is not so inherent. Often, people have both for doing things. What mix of motives--internal or instrumental or both--is most conducive to success? You might suppose that a scientist motivated by a desire to discover facts and by a desire to achieve renown will do better work than a scientist motivated by just one of those desires. Surely two motives are better than one. But as we and our colleagues argue in a paper newly published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, instrumental motives are not always an asset and can actually be counterproductive to success. We analyzed data drawn from 11320 cadets in nine entering classes at the United States Military Academy at West Point, all of whom rated how much each of a set of motives influenced their decision to attend the academy. The motives included things like a desire to get a good job later in life and a desire to be trained as a leader in the United States ArmyA.In-service soldiersitary researchersitary officersitary trainees【答案】 D8、Passage 2A.live in very hot temperaturesB.live in very cold temperaturesC.manufacture oxygenD.all of the above【答案】 D9、Passage 1A.mice' s inborn terror of catsB.the evolution of ToxoplasmaC.a new study about the effects of a parasite on miceD.a harmful parasite called Toxoplasma gondii【答案】 C10、Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism．A.AdvertisementB.The benefits of advertisementC.Advertisers perform a useful service to communitiesD.The costs of advertisement【答案】 C11、Which of the following is based on the communicative view of language?A.Structural syllabusB.Skill-based syllabusC.Genre-based syllabusD.Functional-notional syllabus【答案】 D12、请阅读短文，完成此题。
2024届高考英语热点聚焦——热点一 人工智能
热点一人工智能——高考英语热点聚焦养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一、阅读理解AThere's a new AI bot in town: ChatGPT, and you'd better pay attention, even if you aren't into artificial intelligence. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can accomplish. You can ask it countless questions and often will get an answer that's useful. For example, you can ask it encyclopedia questions like, "Explain Newton's laws of motion." You can tell it, "Write me a poem," and when it does, say, "Now make it more exciting." You ask it to write a computer program that'll show you all the different ways you can arrange the letters of a word.ChatGPT is a big deal. The tool seems pretty knowledgeable in areas where there's good training data for it to learn from. It's not all-knowing or smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than a million people were trying out ChatGPT. And it's becoming big business. In January, Microsoft pledged to invest billions of dollars into OpenAI, saying it'll build features into cloud services. OpenAI announced a $20 per month ChatGPT Plus service that responds faster and gets new features sooner.It's an AT that's trained to recognize patterns in vast series of text harvested from the internet,then further trained with human assistance to deliver more useful, better dialog. The answers you get may sound reasonable and even authoritative, but they might well be entirely wrong, as OpenAI warns. Sometimes, helpfully, it'll specifically warn you of its own shortcomings. For example, when I asked it who wrote the phrase "the squirming facts exceed the squamous mind," ChatGPT replied, "I'm sorry, but I am not able to browse the internet or access any external information beyond what I was trained on." (The phrase is from Wallace Stevens' 1942 poem Connoisseur of Chaos.) The fact that it offers an answer at all, though, is a notable development in computing. Computers are famously literal, refusing to work unless you follow exact syntax and interface requirements. Large language models are revealing a more human-friendly style of interaction, not to mention an ability to generate answers that are somewhere between copying and creativity.1. Which of the following can be a subtitle for the first paragraph?A. What is ChatGPT?B. What are the limits of ChatGPT?C. What kind of questions can you ask?D. Why is ChatGPT blowing everyone's mind?2. What made ChatGPT a big deal?A. More than a million users.B. Investment of billions of dollars.C. Its ability to generate creative answers.D. The bright future promised by Microsoft.3. We can infer the purpose of example in Paragraph Three is to________.A. Draw people's attention to OpenAIB. Reveal the weakness of ChatGPTC. Explain work pattern of the systemD. Show the methods of training ChatGPT4. Which of the following best describes the author's attitude towards ChatGPT?A. Opposed.B. Critical.C. Supportive.D. Objective.BIf you ask something of ChatGPT, an artificial-intelligence(AI) tool, you may immediately get the responses, completely certain and often wrong. The questions raised by technologies like ChatGPT cause much more tentative answers. But they are ones that managers ought to start asking.One issue is how to deal with employees' concerns about job security. Worries are natural. An AI that makes it easier to process your expenses is one thing; an AI that people would prefer to sit next to at a dinner party quite another. Being clear about how workers would redirect time and energy thatis freed up by an AI helps foster acceptance. So does creating a sense of agency: research conducted by MIT Sloan Management Review and the Boston Consulting Group found that an ability to override an AI makes employees more likely to use it.Arthur Jago of the University of Washington and Glenn Carroll of the Stanford Graduate School of Business investigate how willing people are to give rather than earn credit—specifically for work that someone did not do on their own. They showed volunteers something attributed to a specific person — an artwork, say, or a business plan — and then revealed that it had been created either with the help of an algorithm or with the help of human assistants. Everyone gave less credit to producers when they were told they had been helped, but this effect was more pronounced for work that involved human assistants.The picture that emerges from such research is messy. It is also dynamic: just as technologies evolve, so will attitudes. But it is crystal-clear on one thing. The impact of ChatGPT and other AIs will depend not just on what they can do, but also on how they make people feel.5. What should managers take into consideration when using technologies like ChatGPT?A. Skills used for them.B. Issues caused by them.C. Accuracy ensured in them.D. Alternatives discovered for them.6. What can we learn about employees' attitude towards AI from Paragraph 2?A. They find it can make their work more complicated.B. They think it is a threat for AI to replace them at work.C. They consider it's normal for AI to finish all their work.D. They feel it's vital for them to acknowledge its abilities.7. What did the volunteers think of a task accomplished with AI algorithm?A. They thought little of it.B. They were unaware of it.C. They spoke highly of it.D. They felt envious about it.8. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The limitation of AI.B. The importance of Chat GPTC. The relationship between AI and humans.D. The practical application of Chat GPT.CArtificial intelligence (AI) has become a fashion word in recent years, and its impact on society is growing rapidly. AI refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that would typically require human intelligence, such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making. This technology is transforming every industry, from healthcare to finance, and is expected torevolutionize the future.One area where AI is making significant strides is healthcare. AI-powered tools can analyze vast amounts of medical data and help doctors make more informed diagnoses and treatment decisions. This technology is particularly useful in fields such as radiology, where AI algorithms can analyze medical images to detect abnormalities that may be missed by human eyes.In finance, AI is being used to analyze vast amounts of data to identify patterns and predict market trends. This technology can help traders make more informed decisions and reduce the risks of financial losses. Similarly, AI -powered chatbots are being used in customer service, helping to improve response times and provide personalized support.As the use of AI grows, concerns about job displacement have also arisen. Some fear that AI-powered machines and robots will replace human workers, leading to mass unemployment. While this is a possibility, it is also important to note that AI will create new jobs in fields such as data analysis, software development, and robotics.Another major concern about Al is the potential for bias and discrimination. AI algorithms are only as good as the data they are trained on, and if that data contains biases, the algorithms will also be biased. This issue is particularly concerning in fields such as criminal justice, where AI-powered systems are being used to make decisions about sentencing. If these algorithms are biased, they could make existing inequalities continue in the criminal justice system.Despite these concerns, the benefits of AI are numerous and undeniable. However, to ensure that these benefits are accessible to all and to address concerns about bias and discrimination, it is crucial to continue researching and developing moral AI.9. AI outweighs humans in healthcare in that it _______.A. stops financial risks.B. ensures precise judgement.C. recognizes market tendency.D. offers personalized services.10. What is one of the major concerns of AI?A. New jobs will be unavailable.B. Algorithms will be out of date.C. Unfairness may arise in criminal justice system.D. A large number of human workers will be laid off.11. How does the writer mainly develop this text?A. By stating facts and citing quotes.B. By showing different ideas and giving reasons.C. By presenting influences and listing examples.D. By comparing research results and offering suggestions.12. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Artificial Intelligence: Becoming a Fashion WordB. Artificial Intelligence: Revolutionizing the FutureC. Artificial Intelligence: Bettering Decision MakingD. Artificial Intelligence: Improving Human AbilitiesDChatGPT, designed by OpenAI to carry on conversations just like humans, has become a viral excitement. The AI-powered tool went from zero to a million users in just five days! Its ability to provide in-depth answers to user questions has even drawn the attention of distinguished technology companies.The intelligent robot understands what the user says or types and then responds in a way that makes sense. Its vast body of knowledge has been gathered from the internet and archived books. It is further trained by humans. This makes ChatGPT a useful tool for researching almost any topic."We have a lot of information on the internet, but you normally have to Google it, then read it and then do something with it," says Ricardo, chief science officer and co-founder of AI company Erudit. "Now you'll have this resource that can process the whole internet and all of the information it contains for you to answer your question."ChatGPT cannot think on its own. It depends on the information that it has been trained on. As a result, the AI tool works well for things that have accurate data available. However, when unsure, ChatGPT can get creative and flow out incorrect responses. OpenAI cautions users to check the information no matter how logical it sounds. Also, ChatGPT has only been trained with information till 2021. Hence, it cannot be relied upon for anything that happened after that.Experts believe ChatGPT has limitless potential to solve real-world problems. It can translate long texts into different languages, create content on almost any topic, and even summarize books.However, ChatGPT has received mixed reactions from educators. Some believe it could serve as a valuable tool to help build literacy skills in the classroom. It could also be used to teach students difficult science or math concepts. But other educators think ChatGPT will encourage students to cheat. They fear this will prevent them from building critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Asa result, many districts are starting to ban its use in schools.13. What is the unique feature of ChatGPT?A. It has artificial intelligence.B. It can answer users' questions.C. It has the largest number of users.D. It can engage in meaningful conversations.14. What makes ChatGPT helpful to research various topics?A. Its capability of information processing.B. Its accurate information.C. Its availability of up-to-date data.D. Its vast body of questions.15. Why do ChatGPT users have to be cautious when using it?A. ChatGPT is unable to think itself.B. ChatGPT lacks creativity.C. ChatGPT offers illogical information.D. ChatGPT is not properly trained.16. What is the author's attitude towards ChatGPT?A. Favorable.B. Disapproving.C. Objective.D. Intolerant.EAsk the new artificial intelligence (AI) tool ChatGPT to write an essay about the cause of the American Civil War and you can watch it produce a persuasive term paper in a matter of seconds that has even be enable to pass school exams. That's one reason why New York City school officials this week started blocking the impressive but controversial writing tool that can generate paragraphs of human-like text. The free tool has been around for just five weeks but is already raising tough questions about the future of AI in education, the tech industry and a host of professions.ChatGPT was launched on Nov. 30 and is part of a new generation of AI systems that can chat, generate readable text on demand and even produce novel images and video based on what they've learned from a vast database of digital books, online writings and other media. But unlike previous models of so-called "large language models", such as Open AI's GPT-3, launched in 2020, the ChatGPT tool is available to anyone with an Internet connection for free and designed to be more user-friendly. It works like a written dialogue between the AI system and the person asking it questions.Millions of people have played with it over the past month, using it to write silly poems or songs, trying to trick it into making mistakes, or for more practical purposes such as helping compose an email.As with similar systems, ChatGPT can generate convincing prose, but that doesn't mean what it says is factual or logical. Its launch came with little guidance on how to use it, other than a promise that ChatGPT will admit when it's wrong.Many school districts are still struggling to figure out how to set policies on whether and how it can be used. "While the tool may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions, it does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential for academic and lifelong success," said a school's spokesperson Jenna Lyle from NYC. But there's no stopping a student fromaccessing ChatGPT from a personal phone or computer at home.17. What can we learn about the term paper from paragraph 1?A. It is a result of the improvement of education.B. It can be rated as passing by schoolteachers.C. It has caught the attention of the public.D. It acts as a model for students to follow.18. What makes Chat GPT different from GPT-3?A. ChatGPT can create text.B. ChatGPT can edit digital books.C. ChatGPT is free of charge to all.D. ChatGPT can ask its users questions.19. What is Jenna's attitude towards students' use of Chat GPT?A. Favourable.B. Tolerant.C. Uncaring.D. Disapproving.20. What is the best title for the text?A. How Are Schools Handling Chat GPT?B. You Can Check When ChatGPT's Telling the TruthC. What Is ChatGPT and Why Are Schools Blocking It?D. Students Are Using ChatGPT to Do Their Homework二、七选五ChatGPT, the hardworking upgrade on Siri and Alexa, can write essays, scripts, jokes, marketing pitches — even contracts and scientific papers. ①_______ Specifically, can it write a Times editorial arguing the pros and cons of using itself to write a Times editorial? Here's what it came up with, instantly.It is our job to provide readers with informed and thought-provoking editorial content. On the one hand, ChatGPT has the potential to greatly improve the efficiency of our editorial team. By using this tool, we can generate multiple drafts of an editorial in a fraction of the time it would take a human writer.Furthermore, ②________This could allow us to provide readers with a more diverse range of opinions and ideas, potentially leading to more engaging and informative editorial content.However, there are also potential drawbacks. ③________ If the data is biased, this could lead to the spread of false or misleading information, something we strive to avoid as a reputable newspaper. Additionally, using ChatGPT in our editorial process could potentially lead to a loss of jobs for human writers. ④________Woah! That's quite enough of that, smarty-pants. ⑤________No need for any more of that sort of talk. Thanks very much. Before the unfortunate picture becomes a reality, however, we thinkyou'll agree that the vaunted (自夸的) AI brainbox is doing rather well. Frighteningly well, indeed. It seems that our worries are reasonable. After all, it is not an experiment which can be conducted repeatedly.A. We think we'll stop you right there.B. But is it up to writing a Times editorial?C. And these drawbacks are very likely to be ignored.D. ChatGPT is skillful in presenting novel comments on what is happening around.E. As a machine learning model, ChatGPT is only as good as the data it is trained on.F. This could have negative consequences for the employment prospects of journalists.G. ChatGPT has the ability to generate a wide variety of ideas and perspectives on a given topic.三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
AI in Content Creation and Curation
AI in Content Creation and CurationArtificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized many industries, and content creation and curation are no exceptions. With the advancements in machine learning and natural language processing, AI has become a powerful tool that can aid in generating, organizing, and optimizing content in various forms. In this article, we will explore how AI is being used in content creation and curation, the benefits it brings, and the challenges that come with it.One of the most significant impacts of AI in content creation is its ability to generate high-quality content at a rapid pace. Content creation platforms powered by AI can analyze data from various sources, identify trends, and produce relevant and engaging articles, blog posts, social media updates, and more. This helps businesses and content creators save time and resources while maintaining a consistent and engaging online presence.Another key application of AI in content creation is personalization. By analyzing user data and behavior, AI can tailor content to the preferences and interests of individual users. This results in a more personalized and engaging experience for the audience, leading to higher engagement levels and better conversion rates. Personalization is essential in today's saturated digital landscape, where consumers expect relevant and tailored content from brands.In addition to content creation, AI is also being used in content curation. Content curation involves selecting, organizing, and presenting content from various sources to provide value to audiences. AI-powered content curation platforms can analyze vast amounts of data to identify and curate relevant and trending content, saving time for content creators and helping them stay up-to-date with the latest industry trends.One of the key benefits of using AI in content curation is the ability to maintain a consistent flow of fresh and relevant content. With the vast amount of information available online, it can be challenging for content creators to keep up with the latest newsand trends. AI-powered curation tools can help automate this process, ensuring that content is always up-to-date and engaging for the audience.Moreover, AI can also help in optimizing content for search engines and improving its discoverability. By analyzing keywords, metadata, and user behavior, AI can suggest ways to enhance content and make it more visible to search engines. This can help content creators improve their organic reach and attract more traffic to their websites and platforms.Despite the numerous benefits of using AI in content creation and curation, there are also some challenges that come with it. One of the main concerns is the potential loss of creativity and human touch in content generation. While AI can assist in generating content, it may lack the emotional intelligence and creativity that human writers bring to their work. Maintaining a balance between AI-generated content and human-created content is essential to ensure that the voice and authenticity of a brand are preserved.Another challenge is the ethical implications of using AI in content creation and curation. AI algorithms can sometimes perpetuate biases and stereotypes present in the data they are trained on, leading to unintentional discrimination or misinformation in content. Content creators need to be vigilant in monitoring and addressing these ethical concerns to ensure that their content is fair and accurate.In conclusion, AI has transformed the way content is created and curated, offering numerous benefits in terms of efficiency, personalization, and optimization. By leveraging the power of AI, content creators can enhance their content strategies, engage with their audiences more effectively, and stay competitive in a fast-paced digital landscape. However, it is essential to be mindful of the challenges and ethical considerations that come with using AI in content creation and curation to ensure that content remains authentic and valuable to audiences.。
新视野大学英语答案(第三版)读写教程2 Unit 2 college-the ladder to succee答案
3
1. promotes 2. accelerate 3. mystery 4. insight 5. boost 6. analysis
7. calculate 8. barriers 9. destruction 10. prospect
4
Promising Bearing Housing Objective
7. “Well-rounded human beings” are those who have insight and understand the passions, hopes and dreams common to all humanity.
8. Since many people who once studied the humanities became famous in their career, the author implies that if students spend more time studying the humanities, they could surely become successful in the future as well.
6.
1-5 CHDJB 6-10 LMGFA
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1. are liable to 2. in favor of 3. is bound to
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7. in the form of 8. prepared for 9. in the company of
4. exposed…to 6.than rather 7 have something to do with
2024版Cognos介绍与应用
Cognos介绍与应用目录contents•Cognitive Cognos•Cognos Core Components •Application of Cognos in DataAnalysis•The Value of Cognos in Business Intelligence•Cognos Implementation and Deployment Precautions•Cognos training support and after sales service01CognitiveCognosCognos Definition and FunctionalityDefinitionCognos is a business intelligence and performancemanagement software suite that provides reporting,analysis, dashboard, scoring, and event managementcapabilitiesFunctionalityCognos enables organizations to transform data intoinsights and make informed decisions by providingtools for data integration, modeling, visualization, andcollaborationDevelopment history and market positionDevelopment historyCognos was founded in the 1960s and has since grown to become aleading provider of business intelligence solutions Over the years, it hasacquired several companies and technologies to enhance its productoffersMarket positionCognos is a well recognized brand in the business intelligence market,known for its robust functionality, scalability, and ease of use It competeswith other leading BI vendors such as Tableau, Power BI, and QlikViewCognos is widely used in various industries such as finance, healthcare, retail, manufacturing, and government It can be applied to areas such as financial reporting, operational analysis, market research, and customer relationship managementApplication fields Some of the key advantages of using Cognosinclude its ability to handle large volumes of data, provide real-time analytics, support collaborative decision making, and offer a wide range of customization options Additionally, its intuitive interface and drag and dropfunctionality make it easy for users to create and share reports and dashboardsAdvantagesApplication fields and advantages02Cognos CoreComponentsReport Studio Report DesignIntuitive report design interfaceEnable users to create pixel perfect reports with a drag and drop interface,providing full control over report layout and formattingData visualizationIncorporates charts, graphs, and other visual elements to enhance datapresentation and understandingInteractive reportingSupports drill down, filtering, and sorting capabilities to enable users to interactwith and explore data dynamicallyQuery Studio Data QueryPowerful data query toolAllow users to retrieve data from multiple sources,including relational databases, cubes, and other datarepositoriesIntrinsic query builderProvides a graphical interface for building complexqueries without requiring extensive knowledge ofSQL or other query languagesReal time data accessEnable users to run queries and view results in realtime, facilitating fast decision makingAnalysis Studio data analysisAdvanced analyticsProvides a range of statistical andpredictive analytics tools to helpusers gain deeper insights intotheir dataData visualizationUtilize charts, graphs, and othervisual aids to simplify complexdata sets and highlight key trendsand patternsInteractive analysis Supports ad hoc analysis anddata exploration through dragand drop functionality anddynamic filteringEvent Studio event handlingEvent driven architecture01Enable real-time event handling and response, allowing users totrigger actions based on specific events or conditionsCustomized event rules02Provide a flexible framework for defining event rules andresponses, enabling users to detail the system to their specificneedsIntegration with other systems03Facilities integration with external systems and applications toenable seamless event handling and automation of businessprocesses03Application ofCognos in DataAnalysisData source connection and integrationConnect to multiple data sourcesCognos can connect to various data sources such as relational databases,multi-dimensional databases, and data warehousesData integrationIt can integrate data from different sources and transform them into a unifiedformat for analysisData virtualizationCognos provides data virtualization technology, which can integrate multipledata sources into a virtual data layer for easier data access and analysisData cleaningCognos provides data cleaning functions such as data deduplication, missing value filling, and outlier processing to ensure data qualityIt can convert data fromdifferent formats andstructures into a unifiedformat for analysis, such asconverting text data intonumerical dataCognos also provides datatransformation functionssuch as data aggregation,calculation, and filtering tomeet different analysisneedsDataconversionDatatransformationData cleaning and conversionData visualization displayDiverse chart typesCognos supports a variety of chart types such as barcharts, line charts, pie charts, scatter plots, etc., whichcan visually display data and enhance understandingInteractive visualizationIt provides interactive visualization functions such asdrill down, slicing and dicing, and filtering, allowingusers to explore data more deeplyDashboard customizationUsers can customize dashboards according to theirneeds, combining different charts and widgets todisplay key indicators and analysis resultsReport designCognos provides a report designer tool that allows users to design reports with a variety of layouts and formats Interactive reportsIt supports interactive reports,which can be viewed andanalyzed in real time based onuser input and selectionsReport schedulingand distributionUsers can schedule reportgeneration and distribution tasks,automatically sending reports tospecific recipients via email orother channels010203 Interactive report production04The Value ofCognos inBusinessIntelligenceImprove decision making efficiency and accuracy•Provide comprehensive data analysis and visualization tools: Cognos offers a variety of data analysis and visualization functions, such as charts, graphs, and dashboards, which can help users quickly understand market trends, customer needs, and business situations•Real time data monitoring and alerting: With Cognos, users can set up real-time data monitoring and alerting mechanisms to track key business indicators and receive timely notifications when data changes occur, enabling faster and more accurate decision making•Data driven predictive analysis: By leveraging historical data and advanced algorithms, Cognos can help users predict future trends and outcomes, providing valuable insights for strategic planning and decision makingAutomated routing tasks and workflows: Cognos can automate routing data collection, processing, and reporting tasks, freeing up human resources for more value added work and reducing operational costs Optimize resource allocation:Through data analysis, Cognoscan help enterprises identifyefficient or redundant processesand resources, enabling morerational allocation of resourcesand cost savingsImprove collaboration andcommunication efficiency: Withits powerful collaboration andsharing functions, Cognos canfacilitate better communicationand collaboration betweendepartments and teams,improving overall businessefficiency010203 Optimize business processes and reduce costsEnhance enterprise competitiveness and innovation capability•Gain insights into market and competitor information: By analyzing external data sources such as market research reports and competitor information, Cognos can help enterprises gain a deep understanding of market trends and competitor strategies, enabling more targeted business decisions•Foster a data-driven culture of innovation: With easy access to data and insights provided by Cognos, enterprises can cultivate a culture of data-driven innovation where employees are resourced to explore new ideas and opportunities based on data insights•Accelerate product development and market launch: By leveraging data insights from Cognos, enterprises can identify customer needs and preferences more accurately and develop products that better meet market demands, then accelerate product development cycles and time to market05CognosImplementation andDeploymentPrecautionsSystem environment setup requirementsOperating SystemEnsure compatibility with the Cognos software, such asWindows, Linux, or UnixHardware RequirementsAdequate memory, storage, and processing power to supportCognos operationsNetwork ConfigurationPropose network setup to allow for effective data transmissionand accessDatabase ConnectivityEnsure seamless integration with variable databases for dataretrieval and storageUser permission setting policyRole Based Access Control (RBAC)Implement RBAC to manage user permissions and restrictaccess to sensitive data and functionsUser AuthenticationUtilize secure authentication mechanisms to verify useridentity and prevent unauthorized accessPermission LevelsDefine different permission levels for users based on theirroles and responsibilities within the organizationRegular AuditingConduct regular audits to monitor user activity and detect anysuspicious or unauthorized behaviorData security measuresEncryptionApply encryption techniques toprotect sensitive data both during transmission and at restAccess Controls Implement strict access controls to prevent unauthorized users from accessing or modifying dataData MaskingUse data masking to hide sensitive information from unauthorized users while maintaining data integrityBackup and Recovery Establish robust backup andrecovery mechanisms to ensure data availability in case of disasters or failures06Cognostrainingsupport andafter salesservice1 2 3Offers a variety of training materials, including video tutorials, user guides, and webinarsCognos Official WebsiteCognos has a team of certified trainers who provide in person and online training coursesCertified TrainersCognos partners with several training organizations to offer a wide range of courses and certificatesTraining PartnersIntroduction to Official Training ResourcesGuidelines for Using Online Learning Platforms •Access to Online Courses: Customers can ACTHANKS感谢观看。
在职mba的英语试题及答案
在职mba的英语试题及答案在职MBA英语试题及答案一、词汇题（每题1分，共10分）1. The company is undergoing a significant ________ in its management structure.A) innovationB) renovationC) transformationD) degradation答案：C2. Despite the economic downturn, the company managed to maintain its ________.A) reputationB) integrityC) profitabilityD) popularity答案：C3. The ________ of the new policy was met with mixed reactions from the public.A) implementationB) introductionC) executionD) enforcement答案：B4. The CEO emphasized the importance of ________ in achieving long-term success.A) collaborationB) competitionC) confrontationD) communication答案：A5. The ________ of the project was delayed due to unexpected weather conditions.A) commencementB) completionC) cancellationD) continuation答案：A6. The ________ of the company's financial report will be presented at the annual meeting.A) overviewB) summaryC) analysisD) forecast答案：B7. The ________ of the market is crucial for making informed decisions.A) analysisB) synthesisC) synthesisD) interpretation答案：A8. The ________ of the new product line has been a major factor in the company's growth.A) introductionB) innovationC) diversificationD) expansion答案：B9. The ________ of the company's strategy has led to increased efficiency.A) refinementB) simplificationC) complicationD) diversification答案：B10. The ________ of the project was successful, resulting ina significant profit.A) initiationB) executionC) terminationD) evaluation答案：B二、阅读理解题（每题2分，共20分）阅读以下短文，回答后面的问题。
英国签证页解读 -回复
英国签证页解读-回复The Process of Interpreting UK Visa PagesIntroductionThe United Kingdom is a popular destination for individuals seeking to study, work, or visit for leisure purposes. However, in order to enter the country, most non-UK citizens need to obtain a visa. The visa application process can be complex, and understanding the information provided on the UK visa pages is crucial. In this article, we will walk you through the step-by-step process of interpreting the UK visa pages, enabling you to navigate the application process more effectively.Step 1: Understanding the Purpose of the Visa PagesThe first step in interpreting UK visa pages is to understand the purpose they serve. The pages provide detailed information about the application process, required documents, fees, and any specific requirements for different types of visas. It is essential to carefully read and comprehend this information before proceeding with the application.Step 2: Determining the Type of VisaThe next step is to determine the type of visa that is suitable for your purpose of travel. The UK visa pages provide a comprehensive list of visa categories, such as study visas, work visas, family visas, and visitor visas. It is important to select the correct category based on the purpose and duration of your stay in the UK.Step 3: Reading the Application GuidelinesOnce you have identified the appropriate visa category, read the application guidelines provided on the UK visa pages. These guidelines will outline the specific requirements for the particular visa type you have chosen. It is crucial to pay attention to the eligibility criteria, supporting documents, and any additional information that may be required.Step 4: Gathering Required DocumentsAfter understanding the application guidelines, the next step is to gather all the necessary documents. The UK visa pages will providea detailed list of documents required for each visa category. These may include identification documents, proof of financial stability, accommodation details, travel itinerary, and any other supporting documents specific to your visa type. Organize and prepare these documents carefully to avoid any delays or visa rejections.Step 5: Completing the Application FormUpon gathering the required documents, proceed to complete the visa application form. The UK visa pages will provide a link or reference to an online application portal or a downloadable application form. Ensure that you complete all sections accurately, providing correct and up-to-date information. Pay close attention to sections asking for details of your travel plans, employment history, and any criminal convictions, as providing false or misleading information can lead to significant consequences.Step 6: Paying the Application FeeOnce the application form is complete, the next step is to pay the required application fee. The UK visa pages will specify the fee amount, payment methods, and any additional charges that mayapply. Follow the instructions provided carefully to avoid any payment-related issues.Step 7: Submitting the ApplicationAfter paying the application fee, submit your completed application form and supporting documents. The UK visa pages will provide information on how to submit your application, whether in person at a visa application center or by mail. It is advisable to keep copies of all the submitted documents and proof of payment for reference purposes.Step 8: Waiting for a DecisionAfter submitting your application, the UK visa pages will provide an estimate of the processing time for your visa category. It is important to note that the processing time may vary, and it is advisable to refrain from making any travel plans until a decision has been made. You can track the progress of your application using the reference number provided on the UK visa pages.ConclusionInterpreting the UK visa pages is a crucial step in successfully navigating the visa application process. By understanding the purpose of the pages, determining the appropriate visa category, reading the application guidelines, gathering the necessary documents, completing the application form accurately, paying the application fee, and submitting the application correctly, you can increase your chances of obtaining a UK visa. Remember to closely follow the instructions provided on the UK visa pages and seek professional guidance if needed.。
大学英语1试题及答案
大学英语1试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。
A) Mike is going to the library.B) Mike is going to the bookstore.C) Mike is going to the cinema.[答案] A2. 根据所听短文，回答以下问题。
What is the main topic of the passage?[答案] The importance of environmental protection.二、词汇与结构（共20分）1. The teacher asked the students to _______ their homework on time.A) hand inB) hand outC) hand over[答案] A2. He is _______ the most intelligent student in his class.A) amongB) inC) at[答案] A三、阅读理解（共30分）Passage 1The article discusses the benefits of learning a second language. It mentions that learning a new language can improve cognitive skills and cultural understanding.Questions:1. What are the benefits of learning a second language according to the article?A) Improved cognitive skills.B) Better job opportunities.C) Enhanced cultural understanding.[答案] A and CPassage 2The text explores the impact of technology on education, highlighting how digital tools are transforming the learning process.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the text?A) The history of education.B) The role of technology in education.C) The challenges of digital learning.[答案] B四、完形填空（共15分）[文章略]1. The best title for the passage is "The Power of Perseverance."A) TrueB) False[答案] A2. The author believes that success comes from _______.A) hard workB) luckC) talent alone[答案] A五、翻译（共15分）1. 请将以下句子从英文翻译成中文。
合同书需要装订
合同书需要装订英文回答：Contract Binding Requirements。
The binding of a contract is a critical aspect of contract management, ensuring the validity, enforceability, and preservation of the agreement. Proper binding techniques contribute to the integrity and longevity of the document, protecting the interests of all parties involved.Types of Contract Binding。
Contracts can be bound using various methods, each with its advantages and drawbacks. The most common binding methods include:Stapling: Stapling involves using staples to bind the pages of a contract together. It is a simple and cost-effective method but may not be suitable for thick or bulkycontracts.Saddle Stitching: Saddle stitching is a process where staples are inserted through the center fold of thecontract pages. It provides a more secure binding than stapling, allowing for a greater number of pages.Perfect Binding: Perfect binding involves gluing the spine of the contract together using a strong adhesive. It results in a professional and durable binding that can accommodate a large number of pages.Screw Binding: Screw binding uses screws or bolts to bind the pages of a contract. It is a robust binding method suitable for contracts that require frequent handling or modification.Spiral Binding: Spiral binding involves inserting a spiral wire through pre-punched holes in the contract pages. It allows the contract to lay flat and be easily turned, making it ideal for documents that require frequent referencing.Factors to Consider When Choosing a Binding Method。
活动内容作文英语
活动内容作文英语Activity Content。
In this article, we will discuss the content of an activity. Activities play a crucial role in our lives as they provide us with opportunities for learning, entertainment, and socializing. Whether it is a school event, a community gathering, or a corporate function, the content of an activity determines its success and impact. Therefore, it is essential to plan and organize the content effectively to ensure a memorable and engaging experience for the participants.The first step in developing the content of an activity is to identify the objective. What is the purpose of the activity? Is it to educate, entertain, or promote a cause? Once the objective is clear, it becomes easier to design the content accordingly. For example, if the objective is to educate, the content can include informative presentations, workshops, or interactive sessions. On the other hand, if the objective is entertainment, the content can consist of performances, games, or competitions.Next, it is important to consider the target audience. Who are the participants? Understanding their interests, preferences, and needs will help in tailoring the content to suit their expectations. For instance, if the activity is for children, the content should be age-appropriate, interactive, and fun. Conversely, if the activity is for professionals, the content should be informative, relevant, and thought-provoking.Once the objective and target audience are determined, it is time to brainstorm ideas for the content. This can be done through research, discussions, or creative thinking. It is crucial to come up with unique and engaging ideas that will capture the attention of the participants. The content should be innovative, original, and aligned with the theme or purpose of the activity.After generating ideas, it is necessary to organize the content in a logical sequence. The flow of the activity should be smooth and coherent, ensuring a seamless transition between different segments. This can be achieved by creating an outline or a schedulethat outlines the sequence of events, presentations, or performances. It is essential to consider the time constraints and allocate sufficient time for each segment to avoid rushing or delays.Furthermore, the content should be presented effectively to maximize its impact. This includes using appropriate audio-visual aids, props, or technology to enhance the participants' experience. Visuals, such as slideshows or videos, can be used to convey information or set the mood. Props or demonstrations can be utilized to make the content more tangible and relatable. The use of technology, such as interactive displays or virtual reality, can create an immersive and engaging experience for the participants.In addition to the main content, it is crucial to incorporate interactive elements in the activity. This can involve audience participation, group discussions, or hands-on activities. Interactive elements not only make the activity more engaging but also encourage active learning and collaboration among the participants. It is important to create opportunities for the participants to share their thoughts, ask questions, or contribute to the content.Finally, it is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of the content after the activity. Feedback from the participants can provide valuable insights into what worked well and what can be improved. This feedback can be collected through surveys, interviews, or online platforms. Analyzing the feedback and making necessary adjustments will help in enhancing future activities and ensuring continuous improvement.In conclusion, the content of an activity is crucial for its success and impact. By identifying the objective, understanding the target audience, brainstorming ideas, organizing the content, presenting it effectively, incorporating interactive elements, and evaluating its effectiveness, we can create a memorable and engaging experience for the participants. Remember, a well-planned and well-executed activity can leave a lasting impression and achieve its desired goals.。
英语实习广告范文
英语实习广告范文Internship AdvertisementAre you looking for an opportunity to gain hands-on experience in the field of English? Look no further! Our company is currently offering an exciting internship program for individuals who are passionate about improving their English language skills and gaining real-world experience.What will you be doing as an intern with us? You will have the opportunity to assist with content creation, editing, and proofreading for various projects. You will also have the chance to participate in English language discussions and workshops to further enhance your skills. Additionally, you may have the opportunity to work on social media campaigns and contribute to our company's online presence.What qualifications are we looking for in an intern? We are seeking individuals who are fluent in English and have a strong understanding of grammar and writing conventions. A keen eye for detail and a passion for language are also important qualities we are looking for in potential candidates. Previous experience in writing or editing is a plus, but not required.What can you expect to gain from this internship? Byparticipating in our program, you will have the opportunity to improve your English language skills, gain valuable experience in content creation and editing, and build a portfolio of work that you can showcase to future employers. You will also have the chance to network with professionals in the field and receive guidance and mentorship from experienced language experts.This internship is a great opportunity for individuals who are looking to enhance their English language skills and gain practical experience in the field. If you are a motivated and dedicated individual with a passion for language, we encourage you to apply for our internship program today!实习广告你正在寻找一个机会在英语领域获得实践经验吗？别再犹豫了！我们公司目前提供令人兴奋的实习项目，为那些热衷于提高英语语言能力并获得实际经验的个人提供机会。
epistocrats 翻译 -回复
epistocrats 翻译-回复Epistocrat is a term that carries significant weight in the political and social landscape. Derived from the combination of the words "episteme" (knowledge) and "aristocrat" (rule of the best), epistocrats are individuals who possess both expertise and authority in a particular field, enabling them to influence decision-making processes.In the realm of politics, epistocrats are often seen as technocrats or policy experts who offer valuable insights and guidance to politicians and government officials. Their extensive knowledge and experience make them crucial assets in the formulation of effective policies and the implementation of necessary reforms. However, the concept of epistocracy and the role of epistocrats are not without controversy.Firstly, it is important to acknowledge that expertise in a specific field does not necessarily qualify someone to make decisions that impact society as a whole. Epistocrats may possess deep knowledge and understanding of their respective domains, but they may lack overall competence in gauging the broader implications and consequences of their decisions. This raisesconcerns about the potential for epistocrats to prioritise their own interests or to overlook crucial aspects of societal wellbeing.Nevertheless, proponents of epistocracy argue that due to the complex nature of contemporary issues, decision-making should be entrusted to those equipped with the necessary tools and expertise. They contend that relying solely on democratic mechanisms, such as popular votes, could lead to subpar policies and uninformed choices. By involving epistocrats indecision-making processes, societies can benefit from their more nuanced and informed perspectives, helping to ensure that choices are based on deep knowledge and technical expertise.The task of selecting and appointing epistocrats is a challenging one. It requires a careful balance between maintaining the principles of democracy and allowing expert input. To achieve this balance, some propose combining meritocracy and democratic principles in the selection process. This could involve transparent and rigorous evaluation methods, such as assessments based on qualifications, experience, and demonstrated expertise. In doing so, societies can ensure that epistocrats are chosen based on merit, while still upholding democratic ideals of inclusivity andrepresentation.In practice, the inclusion of epistocrats in decision-making processes may take different forms. One approach is to establish advisory boards or councils composed of experts from various fields. These boards would serve as consultative bodies, offering specialised knowledge to policymakers and influencing policy formulation. Another possibility is to integrate epistocrats directly into governmental institutions, allowing them to have a more direct influence in shaping policies and reforms. However, it is essential to maintain checks and balances to ensure accountability and prevent the concentration of power in the hands of a few.When it comes to the limitations and potential pitfalls of epistocracy, concerns about elitism and the exclusion of diverse perspectives often arise. It is important to avoid creating a system that perpetuates inequalities and diminishes the voices of the marginalised. Engaging citizens in meaningful ways, such as through participatory forums, public consultations, and feedback mechanisms, can help mitigate these concerns while still benefiting from expert insights.In conclusion, the concept of epistocracy and the role of epistocrats are intriguing and thought-provoking. While their inclusion in decision-making processes can bring valuable expertise, caution must be exercised to ensure the principles of democracy and inclusivity are upheld. Striking a balance between the meritocratic selection of epistocrats and incorporating public input is essential to creating a system that truly serves the best interests of society as a whole.。
观古宜鉴今英文
观古宜鉴今英文
"观古宜鉴今"的英文表述可以有以下几种方式：
1. "Learning from the past to understand the present"：这是一种直接的翻译，表达了通过观察古代来理解当前的意思。
2. "Examining the past for guidance in the present"：这种翻译更加强调从过去的经验中寻找指导，以应对当前的情况。
3. "By observing the past, we can better understand the present"：这是一个较为简洁的翻译，意思是通过观察过去，我们能够更好地理解现在。
4. "In studying history, we find wisdom for the present"：这种翻译强调通过研究历史，我们可以获得对当前有益的智慧。
5. "By peering into the past, we gain insights for the present"：这是一个形象的翻译，表达了通过回顾过去，我们获得了对现在的深入理解。
这些翻译都表达了"观古宜鉴今"的基本含义，即通过研究和了解过去的经验、事件和文化等，我们可以获得对当前情况的更好理解，并从中吸取教训或获得启示。
具体选择哪种翻译，可以根据具体语境和表达需要来决定。
网页制作中的表格与布局(英文版)课件
Difficulty in Styling
Tables can be challenging to style using CSS, as they have many default styles that need to be overridden.
Limited Flexibility
Inconsistent Vertical Alignment
Flexbox Table
A table layout using Flexbox, which allows for more flexibility in terms of column width and order.
Advantages of Using Tables in Web Page Creation
Definition
Web page creation refers to the process of designing and developing web pages that are viewable on the internet. These web pages can contain various types of content, including text, images, videos, and interactive elements.
Fixed Width Table
A table where all columns have a fixed width set in pixels or percentage.
Responsive Table
A table that adjusts its width based on the screen size, making it suitable for mobile devices.
身份认证比较好的书 -回复
身份认证比较好的书-回复
以下是一些关于身份认证比较好的书籍：
1. "Authentication: From Passwords to Public Keys" by Richard E. Smith: 这本书详细介绍了身份认证的各种方法，包括密码、令牌、生物特征和公钥基础设施等。
2. "Identity and Access Management for Dummies" by Bill Nelson, Shon Harris, and Mark Henderson: 这本书是针对初学者的指南，涵盖了身份认证、访问控制和身份管理的基础知识。
3. "Fundamentals of Identity and Access Management" by
Bob.tarzey: 这本书详细介绍了身份和访问管理的基础概念和技术，包括身份生命周期管理、身份认证和授权等。
4. "Applied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C" by Bruce Schneier: 虽然这本书主要关注的是密码学，但它也包含了许多关于身份认证的信息和实践案例。
5. "Identity Management: A Practical Guide to Implementation" by Arun K. Singh: 这本书提供了一种实用的方法来实施身份管理，包括身份认证、授权和审计等关键组件。
以上这些书籍都是在身份认证领域具有较高知名度和评价的著作，可以帮助读者深入了解和掌握相关知识。
关于信息茧房英语演讲
关于信息茧房英语演讲**Breaking through the Information Cocoon: Challenges and Opportunities** Good morning/afternoon,everyone!I'm honored to stand here today to discuss a phenomenon that has been shaping our lives in profound ways: the information cocoon.In this digital age, we are inundated with an overwhelming amount of information. Thanks to the advancements in technology, we can now access news, opinions, and knowledge from all over the world at the click of a button. However, have you ever noticed that the information we receive is often tailored to our preferences and biases? This is the essence of the information cocoon.The information cocoon refers to the fact that we are only exposed to information that confirms our existing beliefs and interests. Algorithms and personalized recommendations designed to enhance our user experience on various platforms have inadvertently created a bubble, isolating us from diverse viewpoints and limiting our exposure to new ideas.This phenomenon poses significant challenges to our society. By reinforcing our confirmation biases, the information cocoon leads to the formation of echo chambers, where like-minded individuals reinforce each other's views, creating a false sense of consensus. This, in turn, fuels political polarization, reduces critical thinking, and hampers our ability to engage in meaningful conversations.However, the information cocoon also presents opportunities for growth and transformation. By recognizing the existence of these bubbles, we can take intentional steps to burst them. We can seek out diverse sources of information, challenge our own biases, and engage in respectful dialogue with those who hold different perspectives.In conclusion, let us strive to break free from the confines of the information cocoon. Let us embrace the diversity of ideas and opinions that exist beyond our comfort zones. By doing so, we can foster a more inclusive, informed, and vibrantsociety. Together, we can bridge the divides and build a better future for all.Thank you.。
recognized interpretation -回复
recognized interpretation -回复什么是区块链技术？区块链技术是一种分布式的数据库技术，旨在记录和验证交易的可靠性和安全性。
它的核心概念是将数据存储在一个被所有参与者共享的分布式网络中。
这意味着没有单一的中央机构，因而防止了数据的篡改和欺骗。
区块链的工作原理是通过将交易记录存储在一个称为“区块”的数据结构中，并将这些区块链接在一起形成一个“链”。
每个区块都包含了一些交易信息以及与上一个区块相关的哈希值，用来确保数据的完整性。
所有的交易都被记录和验证，并且每个参与者都可以访问这些数据。
区块链的基本原则是去中心化和共识机制。
去中心化的意思是没有一个实体可以控制整个网络，而共识机制是为了确保参与者之间对交易的一致认可。
区块链能够提供的一项关键功能是安全性。
每个交易都需要经过验证才能被添加到区块链中。
这种验证是通过一种加密算法来完成的，使得数据无法被篡改。
同时，由于数据的复制存储在多个节点上，即使某个节点出现故障，数据依然可以从其他节点恢复。
区块链技术不仅可以用来记录和验证交易，还可以应用于许多其他领域。
例如，它可以用于实现去中心化的应用程序，消除中间人的作用，提高效率和透明度。
另外，由于数据在区块链中是不可篡改的，它可以用于存储和验证各种类型的信息，如合同、所有权证明等。
尽管区块链技术有许多优势，但也存在一些挑战。
首先，由于区块链的设计初衷是为了防止数据的篡改，每个交易都必须经过验证，这可能导致交易速度较慢。
其次，由于数据存储在多个节点上，可能会导致存储成本的增加。
此外，区块链技术还面临着法律和监管方面的挑战。
尽管如此，目前许多行业已经开始应用区块链技术。
例如，金融行业可以使用它来改进支付流程和跨境交易。
供应链行业可以使用它来追溯产品的来源和真实性。
医疗行业可以使用它来保护病人的隐私和确保数据的安全。
政府机构也可以使用它来提高透明度和防止腐败。
总的来说，区块链技术是一种具有潜力的创新技术，可以应用于许多不同的领域。
想谈话翻译成英语作文
When I was in high school, the idea of being able to communicate with people from different cultures and speak their languages fascinated me. The thought of breaking down the barriers of language was like a dream, and I was eager to make it a reality. This led me to develop a keen interest in learning languages, but it wasnt until I discovered the world of translation that I truly found my calling.My journey into the realm of translation began with a simple desire to understand the world better. I was always curious about the stories and experiences of people from various countries. I wanted to delve into their literature, understand their history, and appreciate their art. But language was a significant barrier. This is when I realized the power of translation it could open up a whole new world to me.I remember the first time I translated a simple sentence from English to Spanish. It was a basic phrase, but the sense of accomplishment I felt was immense. It was as if I had unlocked a secret door to a new dimension. From that moment on, I was hooked. I started practicing more, translating short paragraphs, then articles, and eventually, entire books.The process of translation is not just about converting words from one language to another. Its about understanding the nuances, the cultural context, and the emotions behind the words. Its about capturing the essence of the original text and conveying it in a way that resonates with the reader in the target language.One of the most challenging aspects of translation is dealing withidiomatic expressions and slang. These elements are deeply rooted in the culture and can be difficult to translate accurately without losing their intended meaning. It requires a deep understanding of both languages and cultures, as well as creativity to find the right equivalent in the target language.I also learned that translation is not a onesizefitsall process. Each text has its unique style, tone, and purpose. As a translator, I need to adapt my approach accordingly. For instance, translating a legal document requires a high level of precision and formality, while translating a novel allows for more creative freedom to capture the authors voice and style.Over time, I developed a strong passion for translation and decided to pursue it as a career. I enrolled in a translation course at university, where I learned about the different types of translation, such as literary, technical, and medical translation. I also learned about the ethical considerations of translation, such as maintaining the authors intent and avoiding cultural bias.One of the most rewarding experiences in my translation journey was when I had the opportunity to work on a project for an international organization. I was responsible for translating important documents from English to Chinese. The sense of responsibility and the impact of my work were immense. I knew that my translations would be used to communicate vital information to a large audience, and it was crucial to ensure accuracy and clarity.In conclusion, translation has been an incredible journey for me. It has allowed me to connect with people from different cultures, learn about their perspectives, and share their stories. It has also taught me the importance of empathy, understanding, and precision in communication. As I continue to grow as a translator, I am excited about the endless possibilities that this field offers and the potential to make a positive impact through my work.。
大学体验英语综合教程第三版第四册课后答案
大学体验英语综合教程第三版第四册课后答案Unit1Passage a4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.applaud mirror entail strive consequentlysupposedly devalue flexibility obligation fulfill1. Taxes are a(n) ____________ which may fall on everybody.2. We ____________ the authority's decision not to close the hospital.3. The doctor's instructions must be ____________ exactly; the sick man's life depends on it.4. Do these opinion polls really ____________ what people are thinking?5. I prefer to think of memorization as a stepping-stone to____________ in use of words and phrases.6. In her office memos she tended to____________ the work done by her staff.7. The history of railroad transport has partly been a history of____________ for greater efficiency and profit.8. He took on the new post without having the faintest idea of what it____________ .9. He is____________ one of the greatest experts in that field.10. Absolute secrecy is essential.____________ , the fewer who are aware of the project the better.Answer: 1. obligation 2. applauded 3. fulfilled 4. mirror 5. flexibility 6. devalue7. striving8. entailed9. supposedly10. Consequently5. Complete the following sentences with words orexpressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.1 This period is usually____________ the postwar period.2 It would be a setback____________ if we were denied the use of their software.3 We make people mentally old by retiring them, and we may even____________ makethem physically old.4 I know that the public____________ aren't interested in this issue.5 My sister was always____________ to me____________ a model child.Answer: 1. referred to as 2. at best 3. by the same token 4. at large 5. held up ... as7. Translate the following sentences into English.1. 随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。
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Results
Learning Performance
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
15.03 10.18
Pretest
Posttest
Learning Performance Significant difference (t= - 12.388, p < .001)
Results
Small sample size Self-report Pretest score represents all prior knowledge
Specific to Web-based instruction
Difficult level could be combined to help measure intrinsic load Moving toward more sophisticated analysis
Pilot study with 52 undergraduate students - Reliability score = .944
Methodology
Participants: 40 (43 originally) undergraduates in the Journalism department Instructional Units: Introduction to Public Relations
Intrinsic cognitive load Pretest score inverted M = 10.18 —> M = 9.83
Extraneous cognitive load
Usability score inverted M = 4.21 —> M = 1.79
Germane cognitive load
Germane cognitive load
All are additive
Applications of Cognitive Load Theory
Extraneous cognitive load
Traditional CLT research : reducing extraneous load New application approaches 1. Controlling the complexity of learning contents 2. Adaptive instruction with learners’ content expertise 3. Fostering germane cognitive ple Regression
Intrinsic cognitive load
Β = .279
Germane cognitive load
Β = .686
Learning performance 63.4% explained
Β = .024 Extraneous cognitive load
Three layers of the interaction between WBI and a learner
Learner
New Way to Measure Cognitive Load
Intrinsic cognitive load Extraneous cognitive load Germane cognitive load Difficulty of instruction Usability Schema construction and automation
Intrinsic cognitive load
Germane cognitive load
Schema construction & automation
Cognitive Load Theory Research
Learning efficiency score = performance score & mental effort
Intrinsic cognitive load
an inherent cognitive resource caused by the complexity of learning content.
a relevant cognitive resource caused by learners' investment on schema construction and automation.
Results
Reliability test of responses to engagement items & usability items
Engagement: Cronbach’s Alpha = .914 All items acceptable Usability: Cronbach’s Alpha = .767
Practice of instructional design
Using an interface to promote germane engagement has potential
Extraneous and usability are puzzling
Discussion
Limitations & Future Research
Data Collection: (a) pretest score (20 items) (b) posttest score (same 20 items) (c) engagement level of the instruction (d) usability level of the interface Data Collection Procedure: Phase 1 - Pretest Phase 2 – instruction Posttest Survey on engagement & usability
Engagement level M = 4.02
Results
Correlations
Intrinsic cognitive load p = .539 r = .100
p = .294 r = -.170
Extraneous cognitive load
p< .001 r = -.567
Germane cognitive load
It may strengthen the theoretical foundation of cognitive load theory.
Measuring Intrinsic Cognitive Load
Prior knowledge Score from pretest
Measuring Extraneous Cognitive Load
Michael M. Grant 2010
Usability level
(a) The menu in the instruction is easy to navigate. (b) I can identify easily where I am and where I should go. (c) The amount of information on each page was appropriate to understand. (d) The information layout and locations are consistent throughout the instruction. (e) Graphics or other elements on the pages are not distracting.
RECONSIDERING COGNITIVE LOAD: EXAMINING THE DIFFERENT TYPES& MEASURING THEM IF WE CAN
Cognitive Psychology Seminar The University of Memphis
Dr. Michael M. Grant University of Memphis Dr. Jongpil Cheon Texas Tech University
Measuring Germane Cognitive Load
Engagement level (Schema construction and automation) (a) The interface contributed to my understanding of (learning content). (b) The interface helped me to mentally organize the structure of (learning content). (c) As I progressed throughout the unit, the interface helped me to relate later concepts to earlier concepts. (d) While proceeding throughout the unit, the interface helped me to remember the structure of (learning content). (e) When I think about what I just learned, I remember the content in terms of the interface’s layout.
Intrinsic cognitive load Extraneous cognitive load Negative Learning efficiency concept Why lower mental effort is preferred? Mental effort measurement “Please indicate how difficult the instruction/test you just took was by clicking on the appropriate degree of difficulty” Germane cognitive load Positive