Predicative and appositive clauses1
apposition and appositive clause
• 2. "To start with I must admit that at first I harbored reservations about a mixed marriage, prejudices you might even call them..." (para.7)
prejudices
• 1. Her mother, Deborah, all along had been supportive of our relationship, and even joked about when we were...(New Horizon English, book 2, unit 3, para.5) her mother
The Apposition & Appositive Clause
The Apposition
•noun or noun phrase • used after another noun phrase which refers to the same person or thing.
The Appositive Clause
=
Deborah
• 2. "To start with I must admit that at first I harbored reservations about a mixed marriage, prejudices you might even call them..." (para.7)
• noun clause introduced by that (fact, idea, news, etc.) • used for further explanation of the specific content of the term (noun)
人教课标版高中英语选修8 Unit1_Grammar名师教学设计
2.T: From the analysis of the sentence patterns, can you tell me what types of noun clauses are there.
S:Noun clauses are classified as subject clause, object clause, predicative clause and appositive clause.
It happened that…碰巧…
It appears that…似乎…
4It is＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that…据报道…
It has been proved that…已证实…
It is said that…据说…
it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:
DELC2获取新知识
Step2
Production
（学习
新知）(20mins)
1.Teacher guide Ss to learn the grammar rules of noun clauses.
名词性从句
【概念与分类】在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
It hasn’t been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.
较为简单的宾从与表从 (1)
连接副词
I would like to tell you how this bread is made. Do you know when we shall have a meeting? Please go and find out where your father is. I don’t know why he was late.
He suggested that we (should) take your advice. He insisted that we (should) help him. He demanded that we (should) do it at once. He ordered that we (should) follow his advice.
10年 As a new graduate, he doesn’t know takes to start a business here. it
A. how
B. what
C. When D. which
(08重庆25) People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years. A.that B. which C. what D. how (08北京30) The companies are working together to create they hf transport in the 21st century. A. which B. that C. what D. who
I don’t think this dress fits you well, does it? We don’t believe that you are right, are you? I don’t suppose he is used to this diet, is he?
高考英语必考语法点精讲精练：名词性从句(含高考真题)
⑤ We haven’t decided __w_h_e_t_h_e_r__ to take part in the competition. ⑥ No one have settled the question so far w__h_e_t_h_e_r the world will
The important thing in life is that you should have a great aim and the determination to attain it.
Appositive clauses:
e.g.: There is no doubt that he will win the game. He must answer the question why he did that. He failed again due to the fact that he didn’t work hard.
Tips: Nouns can function as subject, object, predicative, appositive.
Definition:
➢What impresses me most is your smile.
TC➢itlpDaosodu:nasey’.sttphuattofuffntciltlitoonmaosrrsouwbwjehcatt,sohboujeldctb,e done
His broad smile suggested that he __h_ad__e_n_c_o_u_n_te_r_e_d____ (encounter) someone he adored.
whether & if（只用whether情况）
unit3-grammar-宾语从句与表语从句
无义 1. The mother’s question was that she has no time to look after her daughter.
是否 2.The question is whether that boy will
turn up in time.
….的样子 3. Tom is no longer what he used to be .
4. I don’t know _w__h_e_t_h__eror not he is well.
5. I don’t know _w_h__e_th__erto go.
• 由疑问词引导的宾语从句 用who, whom, what,
when, where, how, whenever等关联词引导 时，连接词在从句中担当 一定成分，具有一定的意 义，从句语序要用陈述语 序。
if / whether
1. I asked her i_f_/_w__h_e_t_h_e_rshe had a bike.
2. We’re worried about _w__h_e_t_h_e_ rhe is safe.
3. I wonder __w__h_e_t_h_e_r_/_ifhe is well.
注意2：whether / if
A. 引导宾语从句时可互换. B. 位于介词后要用whether. C. 位于句首时要用whether. D. 引导表语从句, 主语从句, 同位语
1. He asked （谁能回答这个问题） _w__h_o_c_o_u_l_d__a_n_sw__e_r_t_h_e_q_u__es_t_io_n___.
2. Do you know__w_h_o_m__t_h_ey__a_re__w_a_it_in_g__for （他们在等谁）
各种从句的英语表达
各种从句的英语表达主语subject谓语predicate宾语object定语attribute状语adverbial补足语complement表语predicative同位语从句: appositive clause定语从句: attributive clause非限制性定语从句Non-restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句restrictive Attributive Clause先行词: an antecedent表语从句：predicative clause1.宾语从句：1.主句现在时从句根据实际进行调整：He says (that) he will have a walk soon.（一般将来时）He said he would take a rest.（过去将来时）2.主句过去时从句过去时：He wondered if I would come.3.从句表客观真理，用一般现在：Mr. Li said the moon is smaller than the earth.＊＊4宾语从句用陈述句语序。
Could you tell me that when you will get back to Wuhan?（不是will you）2.状语从句：1；状语从句中if(如果), unless(除非)，when(当…的时候), as soon as(一…就…)，before, after, until, as(当…的时候)所引导的状语从句用一般现在时。
例句：I will call you up if I leave for Shanghai next week.（一般将来时）Wait for your brother at the bus station until he arrives.（祈使句）You may take a rest when/until you finish doing your work. (不表过去的情态动词) 2；主句过去时从句过去完成时（had done）：When he got to the park, his classmates had left.3.定语从句：关系代词who和whom只指人，which只指物。
高三英语名词性从句表格
同位语从句说明其刖面的名词的具体内容，常用的名词如：fact,news,idea,hope,thought,order,,word,proof，belief,truth,suggestion,story,
Hedoesn'tcareifitisn't
a
whether常与ornot连用，不能用if代替。
作介词宾语要用
whether不能用if。从
句是否定句时般
特殊疑问意义
who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,
Pleasetellmewhatyouwant.Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.
把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词it来作形式主语。
2、宾语从句:
关联词
例句
说明
陈述意义
that
Ibelieve(that)heishonest.
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.
等引导，以示疑
Theproblemis(that)theycan
eeaget
he在非正式的文体中that可以省去。
连接代词
whowhatwhich
enThOp.sjustwhatIwant.
Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.
人教版高中英语选择性必修二Unit 2 第三课时 Discover useful structure
_T_h_a_t_s_t_u_d_e_n_t_s_h_a_v_e_t_o_w__r_it_e_c_o_u_n__tl_e_ss__r_es_e_a_r_c_h_p__a_p_e_rs__a_s_p_a_r_t of their _co_u__rs_e_w__o_rk__w_a_s__n_o_t_s_o_m__et_h_i_n_g_t_h_a_t_C__h_e_n_H__a_o_w__a_s_r_e_a_d_y_f_o_r_.
social life.
object 宾语
4. She says that she’s proud of being a cultural messenger.
1、2、3 2
4
noun clauses
Study the following sentences. Pay attention to the functions of nouns (or noun phrases) in each one.
2.to identify and conclude forms and features of noun clauses (名词性从句);
3.to express feelings and describe situations by using noun clauses.
图片来自教材
Xie Lei
but you can figure out what a long sentence means by following a few simple steps. 1 Decide if the sentence is compound (look for and, but, or, etc.) or complex (look for who, when, where, etc.). 2 Find the main clause if it is a complex sentence. 3 Look for modifiers.
《英语句子成分》PPT课件
The relationship between sentence components
Subject predicate relationship
The relationship between the subject and predicate, indicating the relationship between the action executor and the action itself.
and omitted components
01 Overview of English Sentence Elements
Definition and Function
Definition
English sentence components refer to the various parts that make up an English sentence, each of which plays a different role in the sentence and together form the complete meaning of the sentence.
Tense consistency
The subject and predicate must be consistent in tense, that is, the present tense subject uses the present tense predicate, and the past tense subject uses the past tense predicate, etc.
Function
The object plays an indispensable role in English sentences by taking action and indicating the object or result of the action.
Unit5-Appositive-Clause
responsibility.
A. that B. which
C. what D. if
7. They expressed the suggestion _____ she accept the award.
A. what B. when
C. that D. which
Tip:在某些名词（demand, suggestion, advice等） 后的同位语从句,谓语动词要用(should) +do！
注意:
若被同位语从句说明的名词是：advice,suggestion, demand,request,order等表示 建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用 "(should)+do"
1).I made the suggestion that the meeting _(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e__b_ro_u__g_h_t__(bring) to an end.
Have you any idea _w_h_a_t_ he is doing now?
They asked me the question _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_the work was worth doing.
The question ＿wh＿o ＿should do the work requires consideration.
Tell the difference
宾语 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.
定语从句
（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）
2)The news that Tom would go abroad
Types of English Sentences(英语句子种类)
A compound sentence
2. 位置上的区别 连接两个独立的分句时，并列连词的位置只能放在它所 引导的分句句首，前面通常有逗号： ① I must work harder, for I still have a long way to go. ②They all went, but I didn’t go. 连接性副词的位置较灵活，既可放在句首，也可位于句 中或句末、但以置于句首居多： ① Father is ill; therefore, he doesn't go to work today. (句 首) ②Father is ill; he, therefore, doesn’t go to work today. (句中) ③Father is ill; he doesn't go to work today, therefore. (句末)
Finite Clause 2 VP
Coordinator
Finite Clause 3 S VP
I am a teacher, you are a student
and
she
is a clerk.
A compound sentence
Coordinating conjunctions（并列连词） See page 447 of the textbook. but, while, whereas, yet, only,… or, either… or…,neither…nor for, so,… and, both… and …，not only…but also
The
basic pattern of a simple sentence in English is one subject-predicate unit（一个主谓结构）.
名词性从句 The Noun clauses
3. The fact that most of us don’t have good eating habits is right.
4. Whether you like him or not doesn’t matter too much.
5. That is why you have to study the history of your motherland.
6. It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.
7. This is my decision that all of us are to start at 6’clock tomorrow morning.
2. Know and understand the Noun Clauses and try to use them correctly.
3. Practice makes perfect. Believe you can make it.
1. What attracts people to California is its pleasant climate and relaxed lifestyle.
that不充当句子成分，只做连接，无意 义，宾语从句中可省。
能力提升
1._______is a pity ______ he can’t take part in the basketball match. A. What, that B. What, whether C. That, that D. It, that 2. _______Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.（2011北京） A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom 3. -----I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. ----- That’s _________ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.(2010江苏) A. where B. how C. when D. what 4. Have you seen Mary lately? My boss wants to know _______.
河南省人教版高中英语教材基本框架(M1-M9)
directions
Word formation
Unit1
Great sientists
How to organize Talking about scientific research scientific jobs
The Past Participle(1) as the Attribute and
Unit5
The qualities of Nelson great person Mandela-a modern
hero The lives of some great people
Asking opinions
Giving opinions
The Attributive Clause2(wher e,when,why,p rep.+which/w hom)
Unit1
Great sientists
Contributions of scientists
The Past
Participle(1)
Describing as the
people(appeara Attribute and
nce,
Predicative
charactersitics
and qualities)
communication
Prohibition and warning Obligation
The -ing form as the Attribute and Adverbial
Unit5
Asking the way
Theme parks
Different types of
theme park
Giving
gravity
高一英语同位语从句转定语从句完形填空题30题答案解析版
高一英语同位语从句转定语从句完形填空题30题答案解析版1The news that he won the first prize excited everyone. His classmates were all proud of him. The fact that he had worked hard for months was known to all. The hope that he will continue to work hard is shared by everyone. The idea that success comes from hard work is widely accepted. The belief that one can achieve anything through determination is inspiring.1. The news ____ he won the first prize excited everyone.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where答案：B。
解析：此句中“he won the first prize”是对“news”的具体内容解释说明，是同位语从句，在同位语从句中连接词that 只起连接作用，不充当成分。
A 选项which 在定语从句中充当主语或宾语；C 选项when 在定语从句中作时间状语；D 选项where 在定语从句中作地点状语。
2. The fact ____ he had worked hard for months was known to all.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where答案：B。
解析：“he had worked hard for months”是对“fact”的解释说明，是同位语从句，连接词that 只起连接作用，不充当成分。
A 选项which 在定语从句中充当主语或宾语；C 选项when 在定语从句中作时间状语；D 选项where 在定语从句中作地点状语。
Predicativeclause（Classic）
Predicative clause (Classic)Predicative Clause1. Definition: predicative clause is a sentence as the predicative. What the subject is, or how it is, consisting of a noun, an adjective, or a word or phrase equivalent to a noun or adjective, and a verb together to form a predicateTwo. Types of Related words, guide the predicative clause:(1) subordinating conjunction that. Don't make a composition in a clause. Such as:The, trouble, is, that, I, have, lost, his, address.?? the trouble is that I lost his address.The reason is that he was late for school, The, reason, was, that, he, was, late, for, school.(2) subordinating conjunctions whether, as, as, if. Such as:1., He, looked, just, as, he, had, ten, years, before., looked? He looks the same as ten years ago.The "The question whether is they will be to help able us." question is whether they can help us.Note: if generally do not have to guide the subordinate conjunctions predicative clause, but as if can guide the predicative clause, such as:All, this, was, over, years, ago, but, it, s, twenty, as, if, it,, was, only, yesterday.It was more than 20 years ago, but it was just like yesterday.Eg:1. the key is whether we can solve the problem. The, key, is, whether, we, can, solve, the, problem.2. it looks as if it is going to rain. It, looked, as, if, it, was, going, to, rain.Note: with predicative clause predicate verb is the verb be, seem, look, sound etc.. Such as:He looked, just, as, he, had, looked, ten, years, before., he looks the same as ten years ago.Eg: it sounds like someone is knocking at the door. It, sounds, as, if, someone, is, knocking, at, door., the(3) connect pronouns who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whicheverSubject and object in. Such as: The, problem, is, who, we, can, get, to, replace, her., the question is who we can find to replace her?. That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic., that's what she went into the attic this morning.Eg: the question is who we can find to replace her. The, problem, is, who, we, can, get, to, her., replaceWhat I want to ask is who left. My, question, is, who, left.(4) connect adverbs where, when, how, why.What, I, wonder, is, when, he, left.. I wonder when he left.This, is, where, they, once, lived., that's where they used to live.This is the reason why he didn't come here. That is why didn't come here. he sentence: the question is how he did it. The, question, is, how, he, did, it.?(5) because can guide the predicative clause. Such as:I think, it, is, because, you, are, doing, too, much., I think that's because you've done too much.Sentence: it's only because he doesn't know her. It's, just, because, he, doesn't, know, her.That's because, he, didn't, understand, me., that's because he didn't understand me. (That's because... Stresses the reason)That's, why, he, got, angry, with, me., that's why he's angry with me. (That's why... Emphasizing the results)(6) explain:2.?? in some "behind the proposal, persuasion, noun predicative clauses in order",The predicate verb uses the subjunctive mood.The should+ verb prototype indicates that the should may be omitted. Such as:My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. my advice is that we leave early tomorrow morning.Three. Classification of copula:1, divided into two categories: complete the verb (then only with predicative verbs, such as be, seem) and half (which can be used as a verb followed by the verb usage, and can also be with the object or predicative verb used as adverbial, such as look)For example: 1) He, looked, sadly, at, the, boy. (see), use of notional verbs.)He, looks, a, clever, boy. ("look", verb usage)2) He, looks, at, a, clever, boy. (look at), use of notional verbs.)In English, a verb is a polysemous word that has both the use of a notional verb and the use of a verb.2, they are divided into four categories: A., five senses, verbs, B., state, verb, C., dynamic, verb, D., double predicate verbA., the five major sensory system, describes a sensory nature. It is a semi - verb that comes from the sense verb of sense.1).Look "looks like", followed by "adj.", "n.", "participle", "prepositional phrase", "infinitive", etc..The girl, bit, her,, lips, and, looked, thoughtful., the girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.2).Smell "smell" and then the adj. participle. The, flowers, smell, sweet.. The flowers smell so sweet.3).Sound "sounds", followed by the adj.\ participle. The, music, sounds, sweet., this poem sounds so sweet.4).Taste "taste", followed by "adj.\" participle. The, apples, taste, very, good., these apples are delicious.5).Feel, "feel, give."...... Feel ";" feel ", then" adj./p.p. "You, will, feel, better, after, a, night,, s, sleep., sleep one night, and you'll feel better.B. status verb:1).Be, yes, belonging to a complete line of verbs. I, am, a, student., I'm a student.2).Seem, as if, as if, is exactly a verb. They, seem, quite, happy., they seem happy.3).Appear, "looks, looks like", the semi verb It, appeared (to, be), a, true, story., it seems to be a true story.4).Keep, "keep."...... Status, a semi verb, followed by a adj or prepositional phrase.You, D, warm., better, go, to, bed, and, keep, you'd better lie in bed and warm up.5).Remain, "still" and "semi copula". I remained silent., I am still silent.().Stay, "keep (a state)", "semi verb", followed by "adj.", past participle "The, window, stayed, open, all, night., the"7).Prove "prove", "semi verb", followed by "adj.\n."The, treatment, proved, to, be, successful., this treatment proved successful.C. dynamic verbs: they belong to semi - linear verbs and describe the process of state change.1).Get becomes, becomes...... When you get up, you can pick up adjectives, participles, prepositional phrases.The, days, are, getting, longer, and, longer., the days are getting longer and longer.2).Fall "go into (a state) become", and often follow thefollowing adjectives: asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat.The old men, unable to express himself fell silent., the old man say to myself, just silent.My father fell ill and died. my father fell ill and died.3) ".Grow" gradually becomes...... Get up, grow "It", s, growing, warm., the weather is getting warmer.4)"Turn" into (new, entirely different colors or qualities)".Maple, trees, turn, red, in, autumn., maple leaves turn red in the fall.It was cloudy this morning but fortunately it has turned fine. is cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has cleared up.5).Go, become (a bad state)"The, telephone, has, gone, dead., the phone is out of order.The, material, has, gone, a, funny, colour., the color of this material becomes strange.After go, the usual adj. includes: bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red,, with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey.6) ".Become" becomes "good and bad""I, became, interested, in, drawing., I'm interested in sketching.He became angry with me., he got angry with me. They, became, good, friends., they became good friends. ?7) "(.Come, into a known state), confirmed, often followed by an adjective or a prefix of un- past participle used as predicative, said the changes of state or condition.His wish to become a pilot has come true., his desire to be a pilot has come trueIf, you, look, into, the, matter, everything, will, come, clear., if you look into this matter, everything will be clear.Often followed by adjectives: apart, dear (Ang Gui), natural, open, short, right (OK), unstuck (no stick), untied (Song Kai).8).Run, "become", and then adj., The, price, ran, high., the price has gone up.9).Make, reach a certain state [after the adjective], such as sure, certain, merry, bold, freeWe, must, make, certain, of, facts., we must make sure of the facts.D. double predicate verb verb languages such as copula function, the predicative verb itself and retain the original meaning.For example: The run rose red. the sun rose red.She stopped, and, stood, quite, still., she stopped and stood still.The, snow, lay, thick, on, ground., the, snow, piled thickly on the ground.He married young.. He got married early. Lei, Feng, died, young., Lei Feng died young.He continued silent., he kept silent.Exercises:1.The traditional view is we sleep because our brain ____ is "programmed" to make us do so.A., when,B., why,C., whether,D., that [answers] DAbstract: after the analysis is underlined contains a list from the adverbial clauses of reason, such as it is to act as a whole sentence structure from the table will be difficult to grasp the meaning of the whole sentence should therefore be chosen can introduce noun clauses and not act as any component of that.2. You are saying that everyone should be equal and this is I disagree. ____ (2004)A., why,B., where,C., what,D., how [answers] BAbstract: the analysis underscores guide words after the verb is guide and predicative clause 11 in the predicative clause ("disagree" is an intransitive verb, "I disagree" is complete in itself, should fill in the subject predicate structure) underline the word "where," where I disagree "that means" I don't agree with, the place where I disagree".3. - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that you had a few days off ____?A., why,B., when,C., what,D.Where to ［答案］［解析］下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当原因状语, 下划线应填入表示 "因此..." (指因某种原因所造成的结果) 的引导词why.4. _ _ _ _ she couldn't understand was _ _ _ _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. what; whyB. that; whatC. what; becauseD. Why; that ［答案］ to［解析］第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语, 特指她所不理解的事情, 应填入关系代词型的引导词what; 第二个下划线处表示 "因此..." (指因某种原因所造成的后果, 由why引导对应的名词性从句) 而不是 "为什么..." (指原因、理由, 由because引导对应的名词性从句), 应填入引导词why.5. _ _ _ _ made the School Proud was _ _ _ _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key Universities. A. what; and B. what; that C. that; what D. that; and (b)［解析］第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主语, 特指令校方骄傲的事情, 应选用关系代词型的引导词what; 第二个下划线处引导表语从句表示原因、理由, 应由that引导对应的名词性从句.6. - are you still thinking about yesterday's Game? - Oh, that's _ _ _ _. (2003北京春)A. what makes me feel excitedB. Whatever I feel excited aboutC. How I feel about itD. when I feel excited to ［答案］［解析］ a选项的意思是 "令我感觉激动的事物"; "我觉得激动的任何事物 b选项的意思是"; "我对它感觉的方式 d选项的意思是 c 选项的意思是"; "令我感觉激动的时间".四个选项中a最适合跟代表"Game" 的主语that对应, 充当表语从句.表语从句与宾语从句的关系注意: 宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词性从句.其作用跟名词在句中的作用相同.故充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句, 充当表语的句子叫表语从句.宾语从句: (1) 对于宾语从句要掌握以下三点①语序: 从句的语序必须是陈述句语序, 即 "主语 + 谓语" 这种形式.②时态: 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候, 从句可以是任何时态, 而当主句是一般过去时的时候, 从句, 从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态, 即 (一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去完成时, 过去将来时).③连接词: 当从句意思完整, 主句意思肯定时, 连接词用that, 且可以省去, 当从句意思完整, 主句意思不确定或含否定含意时, 常用if或whether (是否), 当从句意思不完整时, 连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词.表语从句: 在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句, 位于主句系动词的后面.表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同.也是名词性从句的一种.如: what the police want to know is when you entered the room 警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间 Network.The trouble is that we are short of funds困难是我们缺乏资金.这是我们应该做的这是我们应当做的。
高考英语名词性从句表格
1 名词性从句知识要点：1、熟悉并掌握各个连接词、连接代词和连接副词的用法。
2、熟悉并掌握复合句即名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句） 1、名词性从句、名词性从句 主语从句（Subject Clauses ）表语从句（Predicative Clauses ）宾语从句（Object Clauses ）同位语从句（Appositive Clauses ）2、定语从句、定语从句 限定性与非限定性定语从句限定性与非限定性定语从句3、状语从句、状语从句 时间、条件、让步、原因、地点、比较、程度、结果、方式、目的等。
注：以it 作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用的句型有：，把主语从句后置的常用的句型有：（1）It + be + 形容词形容词 + that 从句从句 （2）It + be + 名词词组名词词组 + that 从句从句 （3）It + be + 过去分词过去分词 + that 从句从句 （4）It seem, happen 等不及物动词等不及物动词 + that 从句从句 1、主语从句：种类种类 关联词关联词 例 句 说 明 连 词 that That he he will will come and help you is certain. that 在句首不可省去在句首不可省去 whether Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 主语从句中只能用whether ，不可用if 。
主 语 从 句 连接连接 代词代词 who what which whoever What he wants to tell us is not clear. Who will win the match is still unknown. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重，因此一般此一般连接连接 副词副词 when where why how It It is is is known known to to us us us how how how he he he became became a writer. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词“it ”来作形式主语。
从句英语句型100
从句英语句型1001.主语从句(Subject Clauses)- I don't know what he wants.- Whoever arrives first can start the meeting.- It surprises me that they are getting married.2.宾语从句(Object Clauses)- She said that she would come to the party.- I wonder whether they will come or not.- He asked me what time the train arrives.3.表语从句(Predicative Clauses)- The truth is that she failed the exam.- The problem is who will take care of the children. - The most important thing is that everyone is safe.4.同位语从句(Appositive Clauses)- The fact that he cheated was revealed.- Her concern is whether the project will be completed on time.- The news that she won the award spread quickly.5.关系从句(Relative Clauses)- The person who is standing over there is my brother.- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.- Do you know the girl whose parents own the restaurant?6.条件从句(Conditional Clauses)- If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.- She will help you as long as you ask for her assistance.- Unless you study hard, you won't pass the exam.7.原因从句(Causal Clauses)- He couldn't sleep because he had too much coffee.- She is upset since her friend didn't invite her to the party.- I can't go out tonight as I have to finish my assignment.8.目的从句(Purpose Clauses)- I went to the store to buy some groceries.- He joined the gym in order to get fit.- She took the job to support her family financially.9.结果从句(Consequential Clauses)- I studied hard, so I passed the exam.- He was late, therefore he missed the bus.- They practiced daily, thus they won the competition.10.让步从句(Concessive Clauses)- Although it was raining, he still went for a run.- Despite feeling tired, she continued working.- Even though they were offered a higher salary, they declined the job offer.。
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Predicative and appositive clausesDesigned by Xuting Teaching aims:By the end of the class, students will be able toe the correct conjunctions to introduce the predicative and appositive clauses.2.apply predicative and appositive clauses to writing.一，按要求改写成名词性从句，意思不变。
Example：The president wishes to meet the clever boy at the airport. (表语从句) —The president’s wish is that he will meet the clever boy at the airport.1. The wise man suggested our flying to Berlin tomorrow. (表语从句)2. He decided to help the poor old man as much as he could. (表语从句)3. He hopes that his father can get a well-paid job. (表语从句)Example：It is not probable that the war should break out this week. (同位语从句) —There is no probability that the war should break out this week.1.It is possible that they might do better in the project. (同位语从句)2.Bill suggested that the machine should be tested as soon as possible. (同位语从句)3.We hope that more people can join us in stopping the pollution. (同位语从句)二，填上适当的连接词。
1. His advice is we should learn from the foreign students.2. My suggestion is we have a discussion before making a decision.3. The reason why they quarrelled yesterday is they knocked into each other.4. The thought he could beat the opponent made him full of energy.5. Word came the president would visit the country soon.6. We need some help. The question is will help us.7. I have no idea the snowstorm will strike the area in two days.8. What the doctors worried about is the patient can live through the night.9. We are short of money. That’s we will borrow money from the bank.10. The elder brother insists that he should be the first to use the computer and that’sHis younger brother disagrees.三．高考链接1. Along with the letter was her promise ________ she would join us in the work. A．which B．what C．that D．whether2. The news ________ is spreading around the airport is ________ a heavy storm is coming. A．what；不填 B．that；that C．不填；that D．that；which3.____made the school proud was ____more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities .A What / becauseB What / thatC That / whatD That / because4.___she couldn’t understand was ___ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons .A What / whyB That / whatC What / becauseD Why / that5. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. thatB. howC. whatD. why6. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. though7. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where8.Why not try your luck downtown，Bob? That’s the best jobs are.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. why9. A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.A .if B. when C. that D. which10. See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. what11. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. A．that B．which C．until D．if12. —I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that __you had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. what D where四，用合适的连词完成短文There is no doubt ____1___Andy was a famous writer, but we have no idea___2____she came from and ___3____she was born in 1961 was still a mystery. The reason ____4___ she was popular with poor people is ___5____ she always helped ___6____was in need of money. Andy was generous and helpful, but some people thought she was chasing fame. Andy said she didn’t understand ___7____they were so narrow-minded, but it didn’t matter8 others said. She just wanted to do ____9____ was right. That is ___10____I agree.五，写作练习（使用表语和同位语从句）我的梦想就是将来能被大学录取。
原因是大学里有优秀的老师和先进的设备。
为了实现这个梦想，我们应该做的就是我们要用知识和技能武装自己。
我们需要注意的是我们要提高学习效率。
我做出了一个决定，我们要充分利用时间来复习。
毫无疑问我每天都致力于学习。
老师也给了我很多鼓励并建议我坚持记笔记。
让我高兴的是我取得了很大的进步。
我的信念是有志者，事竟成。
Homework根据汉语提示补全句子1.I have no idea (谁是第一个完成任务的)2.Some people hold the view (应该重建圆明园)3.Can't you hear the demand (把会议推迟到下星期)？4.They have reached the conclusion (充分利用太阳能是必要的)5.The question (他能不能做出正确的决定)remains to be answered6.He played the computer game for thirty hours. That's (他在课上睡觉的原因)7.You have neglected the important fact (他们对结果不满意)8.My hope is (他们能同甘共苦)9.The reason why Tom can't sleep is (他害怕黑暗)10.There is some doubt (能否排除这个可能性)11.My demand is (你必须让别人理解你的意思)12.Did you hear the order (每个人上交一篇论文)？高考真题1. Parts of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _______ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. whether2. —He was born here. -- That is _______ he likes the place so much.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how3. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A. What … thatB. That … whatC. What … whatD. That … what4. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though5. News came from the school office ______ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where6. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea ______ the party is to be held?A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where7. There remains a doubt among the public ______ the vaccine is safe enough for children.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. how8. The mother was filled with anxiety ______ her daughter might be disabled by the accident.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. which9. Standing in the hall, Patty had an uneasy feeling ______ somebody was watching her.A. whyB. whetherC. thatD. which10. The doctor tried to remove the man's fear______ his wife might die during the operation.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. what1.I have no idea___________(谁是第一个完成任务的)who was the first to complete his task.2.Some people hold the view___________(应该重建圆明园) that Yuanming Yuan should be rebuilt.3.Can't you hear the demand___________(把会议推迟到下星期)？that the meeting be put off until next week.4.They have reached the conclusion___________(充分利用太阳能是必要的) that it is necessary to make full use of Solar energy.5.The question___________(他能不能做出正确的决定)remains to be answered. whether he is able to make the right decision6.He played the computer game for thirty hours. That's___________(他在课上睡觉的原因) why he fell asleep in class.7.You have neglected the important fact___________(他们对结果不满意) that they were unsatisfied with the result.8.My hope is___________(他们能同甘共苦) that they can share weal and woe.9.The reason why Tom can't sleep is___________(他害怕黑暗)that he is afraid of the darkness.10.There is some doubt___________(能否排除这个可能性) whether this possibility can be ruled out.11.My demand is___________(你必须让别人理解你的意思)that you should make yourself understood.12.Did you hear the order___________(每个人上交一篇论文)？that each turn in an essay?ABDAA1—5 CCDCB 6—10DAACB。