英语基础写作-调查报告类型

基础写作---调查报告
一：题型说明
调查报告是针对某一现象、某一事件或某一问题进行深入细致的调查的写作题，要求同学们根据调查结果，针对某种现象进行分析并谈谈自己的看法，写一份调查报告。

二：策略指导与解题技巧
1. 应该站在读者的角度去思考
2. 要写明调查的原因、调查过程、调查结果以及你得出的结论。

3. 通常用一般现在时态。

若出现具体的时间状语，如last year, next year, recently等，则根据具体使
用适当的时态。

4. 常见的写作方法：
①按调查的先后顺序逐点写；②按事物发展的阶段来写；③按调查对象的特点分门别类来写。

④将两种事物进行对比，以显示其是非、优劣，找出其差异来写；
注意：叙述数据时要避免过多重复使用百分比，可以用约数、倍数等来表达。

应选用有针对性的数据来说明问题，切忌面面俱到，一一罗列全部数据。

考生应该对图表信息加以分析、归纳，选取有代表性的，如最大值，最小值，以及同类信息加以表述，做到主次分明、准确生动。

三：文章结构：
一般说来，文章开头应先交代调查的时间、对象、问题和主题或目的。

其次，客观介绍调查的信息。

根据不同的调查内容，选择不同的方法。

一般是描述表格中数据所反映的情况, 数据间的主要差异或趋势, 或有的还要求谈谈数据所反映出来的问题, 并分析原因。

注意：在进行客观介绍这一部分应尽量避免过多使用同一种句式。

其次，要学会从题目中提取信息。

最后，写出自己的观点或提出解决该问题的方案。

四：调查报告型文章常用表达形式：
1. 点明主题的常用词句（交代调查时间、对象、主题等）：
我们对……人进行了关于……的调查。

W e made / did / carried out a survey on … among … people.
2. 图表反映的问题或总体趋势的常用词句：
从以上表格中我们可以明显地看出……
From the graph / table / diagram / chart above, we can see obviously that…
3.图表内容描述的常用词句：
表赞成的动词短语：agree with, approve of, be in favor of, be for …
表不赞成的动词短语：disagree with, disapprove of, be opposed to, be against …
4. 呈现数据的常用词句：
表示数字：可直接表达，如30%，75%。

表示倍数：倍数+(形容词/副词）比较级+than; 倍数+as +(形容词/副词）+as
表示约数：most (of)，few (of)，only，as many /much as
表示比较：as … as; twice the amount of; more than; less than; the same as; similar to; different from…
表示上升：rise, on the rise, go up, climb, rocket, increase, double;
表示下降：go down, fall, drop, decline, decrease/reduce, on the decrease…
表示排序：sb./sth. rank the first place；sb./sth. is in the second place
表示对比、转折：on the contrary, in contrast to, compared to / with, while, but, however
5.分析原因的常用词句：
……的原因是……。

The reason for … is that ….
The reason why…is that …
归纳总结或发表评论的常用词句：
归纳总结：in a word, in short, to conclude, in conclusion, generally speaking; personally,
in my opinion, as far as I’m concerned, from my point of view…
我们可以得出这样的结论：We can draw the conclusion that ….
We can learn / know …. .
From the changes in the charts, we can predict that ….
五：写作范文：
上周，我们以“
根据以上数据，写一篇短文，包括以下内容：
1．调查时间、调查问题以及调查对象；
2．男女生在以明星为偶像方面的差异；
3．“父母”在男女生偶像中的排序差异；
4．男女生在以伟人为偶像方面的异同；
5．你的偶像及理由。

Last week, we did a surve y among 2,600 students on the “who is your idol”. The survey shows that half of the girls choose film and TV stars as idols, while 48% of the boys figure sports stars. As the data shows, “parents” ranks the second for the girls, but the fourth for the boys. However, the percentage of the boys choosing “great figures” is the same as that of the girls. A s for myself, Thomas Edison is my idol because his inventions have greatly changed our life.
六：写作任务:
你是校报小记者，最近进行了一次采访。

以下是这次采访的情况：
时间：上周末对象：眼科医生(eye-doctor)王教授
主题：我国中小学生近视(short-sightedness)问题
基本信息：(1)发生率：略高于50％(2)人数：世界第一
专家解读：(1)原因：很复杂(2)治疗：没有哪一种药物能治愈近视
(3)建议：不要过度用眼；多参加户外活动
(4)特别提示：如何握笔也和近视有关
[写作内容]根据以上情况写一篇采访报道，并包括如下内容：
1．采访的时间、对象和主题；
2．中小学生近视的发生率及人数；
3．专家解读。

A possible version 1:
Last weekend, I had an interview with Professor Wang, an eye-doctor, about the issue of short-sightedness of the school children in China. According to Professor Wang, slightly more than half of the school children in our country are short-sighted, which ranks the first in the world. He also pointed that the causes for short-sightedness are so complicated that no medicine can cure short-sightedness. So he suggested that school children avoid overuse of their eyes and do more outdoor activities. He particularly reminded us that how to hold a pen is also related to short-sightedness.
A possible version 2:
Last weekend I had an interview with Professor Wang, an eye-doctor, about the problem short-sightedness. According to Prof. Wang, a little more than half of the students in middle and primary schools are suffering from it, rating the first in the world consequently. Related experts say that the causes leading to it are very complicated and up till now no medicine has been found to cure for it. It is suggested that we students not overuse their eyes and it’s of great help t o our eye health to participate in more outdoor activities. Meanwhile another tip from the experts is that the problem has business with how we hold the pen while writing.。