The basic of basics of business -Chinese

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《商务英语综合教程》 Unit (10)

13. No phone during meetings. When you’re in a meeting, focus on the meeting discussion. Don’t 17 .
14. Don’t be a business card pusher. 15. Show genuine interest.
本人从事机械领域十余年对机械液压有着较强的故障判断能力
《商务英语综合教程》（基础）
Unit 10 Etiquette
A. Brainstorming B. Business Knowledge
◆ Additional Reading C. Business Skills D. Business Actions
A. deflected B. concentrated C. transferred D. troubled
Additional Reading
Business Etiquette in the UK
1. Punctuality
In general, the British value time-keeping for business arrangements. If you set up a meeting for two o’clock, the chances are your counterparts will arrive on time or just before. Since the British are so time conscious, sometimes you may feel their lives are very rushed. In fact, however, they are only doing their best to avoid losing time, which is valued as an economic resource. It is considered very impolite to arrive late for a business meeting. If your delay is inevitable and you arrive late, it is usually sufficient to excuse yourself with an apology. If, however, you are running more than a few minutes late, you should call ahead to apologise and give an indication of how long you will be; in the case of a longer delay that would compromise the value of attending the meeting, you should consider offering to postpone the meeting to a new time and/or day. The busier people are, the greater the likelihood that they will have to leave for another engagement, so respecting their time is very important.

中欧在线全系列通用管理课程清单(2010双语)

your staff
Responding to poor performance 如何祝贺和夸奖员工
Congratulate a colleague 好的目标有什么特点
目标制定 Formulating your What is a good goal?
goals
目标明确，行动更有效
Fix your goals clearly to reach them better 年度评估面谈：烦人的任务还是建设性的机会？
让你的“推销”适应目标客户的明确需求 Adapt your „pitch‟ to your target‟s express needs
提升说服力 Boost your power of persuasion
通过实例学习如何推销大项目 Master large project selling with the help of a real-world example
处理客户异议 Dealing with your client‟s objections 向签单冲刺 Concluding a sale
加深对潜在客户的了解 Improving your understanding of your prospect‟s situation
提出需要解决的问题触动潜在客户 Motivate your target by raising problems that need resolving
-1-
成功进行职业发展面谈
成功进行员工面谈
Carry out a successful professional development meeting 处理违规员工
Successfully managing face-to-face meetings with

国际商务合同翻译教程-国际商务合同基础知识-Learning-Basics-1

国际商务合同翻译教程Learning Basics 1国际商务合同基础知识Unit One :Basic Knowledge of International Business ContractsContracts referred to in this 1aw are agreements between equal natural persons, legal persons and other organizations for the purpose of establishing, altering and terminating mutual civil rights and obligations.合同和契约都是指自愿订立共同遵守的条件，合作共事。

《中华人民共和国合同法》第2条规定“合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议”。

根据这个定义，我们可以了解一般合同的法律特征。

(1)合同是一种法律行为这是指当事人之间为实现一定的目的，而产生的一定的权利义务关系，而且这种权利义务关系受国家强制力的保护，任何一方不履行合同或不完全履行合同，都要承担法律责任。

(2)合同是合法的法律行为双方当事人按照法律规范的要求达成的协议，产生双方所预期的法律后果，它是一种合法行为，因而为国家所承认和保护。

(3)合同是双方或多方当事人之间的协议这并不是讲当事人之间的任何协议都是合同，它只是当事人之间关于设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。

(4)合同是当事人在平等、自愿的基础上所进行的民事法律行为这是合同法律关系同建立在领导与被领导、命令与服从基础上的行政关系的根本区别。

合同有广义和狭义之分广义的合同包括合同、协议，以及订立正式合同、协议之前当事人之间已经达成的有约束力或无约束力的法律文件，包括但不限于谅解备忘录或合作备忘录、框架协议、意向性协议或合作意向书、意向书、初步协议、君子协议、订单和章程等。

Business English and cross-cultural communication

Business
03 English communicatio
n skills
Etiquette and Customs in Business Occasions
Greeting and introduction
Learn appropriate ways to greet and introduce yourself and others in a business setting
Cross cultural communication is critical in today's globalized world where businesses, governments, and individuals increasingly interact with people from diverse cultures It helps to build trust, understanding, and cooperation between people from different cultures, which is essential for successful international business and comprehensive relationships
English
• Definition: Business English is a specialized language used in international business contexts It encompassed the vocabulary, grammar, and communication skills needed to conduct business effectively in English speaking countries

2023年上海高三英语一模汇编 —概要写作

概要写作-2023年上海高三英语一模汇编一类：说明文1.宝山区When you’re having fun with your friends,you take selfies.When you visit famous places, you take selfies.When you are in beautiful spots,you take selfies.But sometimes you don’t look very attractive in the photos.And,of course,if you’re going to post them,you want to look your best.What can you do?Instead of posting a photo you don’t like,you can turn to photo retouching.When you retouch an image,you improve its appearance.Many apps offer you the ability to do that.Their easy-to-use tools help you smooth your skin,make your teeth straighter and whiter,and more. Within the apps,you can also change your facial features.You can make your eyes rounder and brighter.You can change the shape of your face or your nose.You can also change the direction of the light source or add highlights.All in all,you can make yourself look like you wish you looked.Now you’ve uploaded your retouched photos to social media.People leave positive comments,and you get a lot of likes.That’s great,right?Maybe not.With so many people sharing personal images of their lives,it’s almost like a contest.Who looks the best,takes perfect selfies and lives up to social media’s standard of beauty? You need to be part of that crowd so that you don’t feel left out.Worse yet,you feel if you’re not part of that crowd,you may be criticized for your looks.Maybe you think that if you don’t look like the influencers you follow,you’re not good enough.People generally retouch themselves to have larger eyes,thinner chins and brighter skin.Does everyone now look the same?It seems like a lot of people are trying to match to unrealistic beauty ideals.That isn’t good for anyone’s self-image.Perhaps it’s time to post the real you and only lightly retouched,if at all._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________2.崇明区ChatbotsWhat if instead of clicking on link after link on a company’s website,you could type a question and get an immediate,customized answer?Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots.Chatbots are computer programs that can communicate with human beingsby phone,on messaging apps or on websites.There are two types of chatbots:open and closed.A closed chatbot follows a script,which may or may not involve using AI(artificial intelligence)to understand users’messages.An open chatbot uses AI both to figure out what users want and to generate responses.Open chatbots are able to learn from their conversations and thus improve their ability to communicate over time. This means that open chatbots can respond to a wider range of inquiries,compared with closed municating with them feels more natural,but if they have not been correctly trained, users may have a bad experience with them.One significant advantage of chatbots is that they are available all the time,even in the middle of the night.Plus,a single chatbot can cater to multiple users at once.This means that users can get immediate answers to their questions rather than waiting for a human representative. Chatbots have the potential to overcome several technological problems people face.These include difficulty in searching websites and trouble finding basic information and answers to simple questions.However,in order for chatbots to work,humans are still indispensable(不可或缺的). Someone has to program the chatbots initially,train them,and maintain and improve the chatbot system.Further,even open chatbots may not have the answers to detailed questions,and many people simply prefer speaking to a human rather than a chatbot.Thus,chatbots are unlikely to completely replace human agents.Rather,they will help users resolve simple problems so that customer service representatives can focus on more difficult issues._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________3.奉贤区Why Camping Can Be So Much Fun?When you go on holiday,where do you like to stay?If you haven’t tried camping,maybe you should join the increasing number of people who are enjoying the simple pleasures of camping.By grabbing your tent,and some additional things,it’s easy to head off to the countryside and enjoy a night or two under the stars.Many campers are dumping the trappings of their modern, busy life to do this,encouraged by experts who say a few peaceful nights in the middle of nowhere might be a good way to relax and improve our sleep patterns and well-being.It is also,of course,a good low-budget holiday option.For the adventurous,wild camping is an ideal way to escape from reality.Armed with just some food and a sleeping bag,you’re free from rules,away from other people,and able to enjoythe back-to-basics experience.But for those who still want some home comforts,a campsite is a more suitable place to fix your tent.Here you have facilities such as washrooms,a shop and maybe even a restaurant.And for the most luxurious camping experience,you could try glamping, a type of camping associated with extreme comforts and luxury.More recently,sales of camping equipment have jumped as more people have chosen a vacation spent at hometown due to travel restrictions caused by the pandemic.One camping retailer,Halfords,reported a sharp rise in demand for products such as stoves,cool boxes and camping chairs.With the addition of soft pillows,powerful torches and lamps to light up your tent and a better selection of easy-to-cook food,you can almost guarantee a comfortable and enjoyable camping expedition.So maybe it’s time to give camping a try._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________4.虹口区Are Oceans Silent?Most sea creatures,from whales and dolphins to fish,sharks and shrimps,respond to sound, and many can produce it.They use it to hunt and to hide,find mates and food,send messages and give warnings,establish territories,warn off competitors,confuse their targets,deceive enemies, and sense changes in water and conditions.Marine animals click bones,grind teeth and belch gases(磨牙打嗝);use special organs to make various noises.Far from the‘silent deep’,the oceans are so noisy.Into this age-long confused noise,in the blink of an evolutionary eye,has entered a new thunder:the trembling sound of mighty engines as46,220large ships passed the world’s shipping courses.Scientists say that background noise in the ocean has increased roughly by15decibels (分贝)in the past50years.It may not sound like much in overall terms,but it is enough, according to many marine biologists,to mask the normal sounds of ocean life going about its business.At its most intense,some even say noise causes whales to become disoriented,dolphins to suffer from‘the bends’,fish to go deaf,leave their breeding grounds or fail to form groups—enough to disorganize the basic biology of two thirds of the planet.“Undersea noise pollution is like the death of a thousand cuts”,says Sylvia Earie,chief scientist of the U.S.National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.“Each sound in itself may not be a matter of critical concern,but taken all together,the noise from shipping, earthquake-related surveys,and military activity is creating a totally different environment than existed even50years ago.That high level of noise is bound to have a hard,sweeping impact on life in the sea._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________5.嘉定区Why Laughter Yoga Makes You Smile“Friends,I must tell you,laughter yoga is not a comedy.”Dr Madan Kataria,the creator of laughter yoga,an exercise programme involving prolonged laughter,ughter yoga,a combination of breathing exercises and deliberate(故意的)laughter,came from humble beginnings,but has mushroomed into a global movement.Hundreds of clubs,usually free to attend,have now been established across Asia,Europe and North America.“I had read so much about the benefits of laughter,and how acting out emotions,especially through facial expressions,can create them,”Kataria tells me.But he realised he wouldn’t often see people laughing in Mumbai.“The idea struck me:why not start a laughter club?Laughter reduces stress,”Kataria goes on,following some yogic postures,“it makes your immune(免疫) system stronger and keeps your mind positive!”Five people attended Katana’s first meet-up in Mumbai in1995.He initially asked participants to tell jokes to force laughter,but as attendances grew Kataria learned that laughing for no reason at all was the best method.“We started just faking laughter,”he says.“And then people started laughing for real.It was infectious;we couldn’t stop.”Laughter yoga addresses a deep-seated need to laugh that is being stifled(遏制).Young children can laugh hundreds of times a day.But as we get older,the fun begins to stop—our brains learn how to adapt our emotions in tune with the needs of others.We develop empathy(同理心).But so are we told to stop laughing and be serious about life.There’s often a sense that if you’re laughing,you’re not properly learning,or working,or focusing,or paying respect. Sometimes this is justified,but not always.Perhaps that is the recipe for the growing popularity of laughter yoga._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________6.金山区“Digital Hoarding”Could Be an Increasing ProblemAs data storage has become more accessible than ever,the amount of digital“stuff”we all have put aside is on the rise,too.In a recent paper published in the journal Information&Management,we have investigated a rising phenomenon called“digital hoarding”,which happens when an individual constantly acquires digital content,feels difficulty in getting rid of it,and gradually gets more and more digital content without an intended purpose.Digital hoarding can quickly increase out of control,too—perhaps even more quickly than in the physical world,due to several reasons.First,the digital hoarder is less likely to notice the space limitations in the digital world.While the boundaries of a physical space are clear,such boundaries are less noticeable in digital spaces.Second,hoarding of physical objects happens in fixed boundaries,while digital spaces are“expandable”—you can get additional digital storage with minimum effort at very little or zero cost.Third,to hoard physical items,a person needs to expend some effort,such as purchasing them.By contrast,most digital contents are either self-created,free,or available on a subscription(订阅)basis.Fourth,compared with physical stuff, digital contents can be multiplied,for example,by making copies,with very minimal effort.In the modern world,it is unavoidable that digital content plays an important role in our lives. Therefore,the potential of serious mental health impacts from digital hoarding is a real possibility.If you think you’re holding onto too much digital content,you can try cleaning your digital footprint,reducing unnecessary digital content,coming up with simple methods to organize your files,pictures and videos.What’s more,reassess the importance of many social networks, including groups in many communication apps,and keep only those essential to you._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _7.静安区The music in youAny party goer can tap her heel to an unfamiliar song without realizing it.Yet when asked on site,she might reply:“Music?I don’t know anything about that.”Maybe you’ve heard a variation on this theme:“I don’t have a musical bone in my body.”Most of us make music publicly just a few times a year,when it’s someone’s birthday and the cake comes out.Privately,it’s a different story.We belt out tunes in the shower and create rhythm tracks on our steering wheel.But when we think about musical expertise,we tend to imagineprofessionals who specialize in performance,people we’d pay to hear.As for the rest of us,our bumbling private efforts,rather than illustrating that we share an irresistible urge to make music, seem only to demonstrate that we don’t enjoy essential musical capacity.But the more psychologists investigate musicality,the more it seems that nearly all of us are musical experts,in quite a surprising sense.A lot of the most interesting and substantial elements of musicality are things that we all share.We aren’t talking about instinctive,inborn universals here.Our musical knowledge is the product of long experience;maybe not years spent over an instrument,but a lifetime spent absorbing music from the open window of every passing car.In fact,for all its remarkable power,music is in good company.Many of our feelings are governed by a similar rule.We don’t know how we come to like certain food more than others.We don’t know why we fall in love.Yet in the very act of making these choices we reveal the effects of a host of instinctive mental processes.The fact that we respond to music so naturally and normally actually speaks to its strength and universality._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________8.闵行区Is Leather Good or Not?For thousands of years,humans have used leather to make everything from clothing to furniture to footwear.The skin of animals is a material that is strong,hard-wearing and flexible. These qualities make leather a popular material for many different products,but more people are becoming concerned about the potential harm caused by items they buy.Should we respect ancient traditions or is having real leather not as important as it used to be?The treatment of animals raised for their skins is a massive issue.According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation(FAO),more than2.29billion cows,pigs and goats are killed each year for their hides.This does not include the animal skin of fancier leather products,such as sheep, crocodiles,kangaroos and lizards.There’s also an environmental problem.Producing leather is a very polluting process, because it requires treating the skins with chemicals.During the procedure,called tanning, chemicals change the fibres(纤维)inside the leather,making it tougher.A tanning facility uses more than60,000litres of water for every tonne of leather produced.It uses huge amounts of poisonous chemicals,including substances containing heavy metals such as chromium,whichwhen washed out ends up in nearby soil and drinking water that people use.However,the making of leather is not entirely negative.Selling animal skin is a key source of income for remote populations such as the Inuit people in Canada.Every day,cows,pigs and goats are killed for their meat to be sold in supermarkets.It’s respectful not to waste anything,and without leather their skins would have to be buried or burned.Although there are alternatives to leather,some of these fabrics are only85%to90% biodegradable(可生物降解的).Vegan leather can be made from plastics which take years to biodegrade,so it’s actually worse for the planet._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________9.普陀区Graduates Turn to TeachingChina has witnessed a66-fold increase in the number of applicants for teaching qualification tests over the past decade,and experts say the popularity has mainly been driven by more graduates chasing stable jobs.According to the latest figures from the Ministry of Education,the number of applicants for teaching exams each year has grown from172,000to11.44million in the past decade.Experts said the sharp increase corresponds with the increase in teachers’salaries and status within society,and it is expected to bring about an overall improvement in quality teaching. However,another big reason for the enthusiasm for teaching posts is that the challenging and complicated employment situation is driving graduates toward stable jobs such as working as teachers and government officials.Chu Zhaohui,a senior researcher at the National Institute of Education Sciences,said the popularity of teaching posts is closely associated with people’s changing perception of the economic situation,job stability and security,which are major concerns for graduates.In view of the coronavirus epidemic in recent years,many college graduates just want a stable job,so teaching suddenly becomes a very popular profession,and many students from well-known universities have joined the competition.Of course,everyone has their own ideas. Take Wang Lin for example.Wang Lin,who graduated from a famous university,said she had wanted to be a history teacher since middle school,inspired by her own history teacher.She added she had a good impression of her teachers from an early age and was grateful to those who had taught her.In fact,there are many such cases.While passing the teaching qualification test is the first step to becoming a teacher in China,landing a post at schools in big cities can be very competitive._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________10.青浦区Want to join the online fitness program?Online training is one of the fastest growing section of the fitness industry.A2015study found that more than half of all smartphone users had downloaded a fitness or health app.If you’re considering joining the online fitness community,consider these benefits and drawbacks.There are many reasons that online training may work for you.As long as you have access to pre-downloaded videos or a WiFi connection for streaming videos,you can work out wherever you are.Besides,compared with similar offline programs,most online fitness programs range in cost between$10and$20per month.This is due in part to the wider audience and the greater opportunity to sell programs to more people.All this growth is incredibly positive—it provides health and fitness resources to the general consumer wherever they happen to be,without requiring access to a gym or fitness studio.But it’s not without problems.The first thing to think about when considering an online fitness program is“know yourself.”If you struggle with self-motivation,you don’t like exercising at home,and you prefer a social workout environment,online fitness may not be for you.Not to mention the fact that very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you,check your form,and offer modifications or corrections based on your performance.This means you might perform exercises incorrectly,or even unsafely,without knowing it,which is particularly concerning for beginners and those recovering from injuries,as they’re more likely to perform exercises incorrectly.Therefore,like any training format,there are pros and cons to consider when deciding if it is right for you.Take time and make the most suitable decision to reap more benefits._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________11.松江区Out of Sight,Out of MindTechnology has made paying all sorts of bills incredibly easy.The real-time budget apps, which capture our spending and pay our bills automatically,should theoretically give us more control over our money.But why,in real life,do they do the opposite?It helps to think about how we used to pay.My parents describe a process that would involve three separate points of contact whenever they paid for something with a credit card:first,at the cash register,then when a bill came in the mail and finally when they wrote a check to cover it. While each of the checkpoints is technically still there,automation has given us a chance to skip the second and the third.For bills paid automatically through a banking app,even the first checkpoint can be gone.We know that it is happening in the background,but it’s so far out of view that it might as well not be there.How do we get that connection back,without giving up the convenience that technology has brought us?The good news is that though technology has taken away something,it can also give.Much of the battle is simply recognizing what we’ve lost.If we want to be smart about our money and have thorough control over it,we need to bridge that gap between what we spend on and how much we pay.We can start using personal-finance apps to do more than make our lives easier. These apps can send us notifications when each automatic payment is being made and categorize purchases,sending us instant spending reports.Admittedly,those tools require the user to sign up for these services and make conscious efforts to take full advantage of them.In this way,they are arguably better practice than balancing a checkbook on a Saturday morning._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________12.徐汇区Why Don’t We Use the Math We Learn in School?How much of the math you’ve learned in school is used in everyday life?For the majority of people,the answer is surprisingly little.Clearly,some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings.The question is why most people don’t,in spite of spending many years practicing it.The first explanation blames the failure of education.One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity.We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem.If struggling through a math problem is hard for you,you’ll find a different way to solve it that doesn’t rely on math.The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teacherstelling students certain rules,applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class.By teaching in this way,a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost.In that sense,people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life.The second explanation is a little different.It argues that people may develop competence in math classes,but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can use their mathematics knowledge.This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra(代数). Students struggle with algebra,but they particularly struggle with word problems.Yet,the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems.From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math,but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems.Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding. They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve.By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________13.浦东新区The problem of electronic wasteWe have gradually come to realise that in two ways in particular,modern hi-tech can be bad for the planet.The first is its energy use;the worldwide scale of information technology is so enormous that electronics now produce fully two percent of global carbon emissions,which is about the same as the highly controversial emissions of aeroplanes.The other is the hardware, when it comes to the end of its natural life.This,increasingly,is pretty short.We have hardly noticed this important stream of waste,so much so that a Greenpeace report on the untraced and unreported e-waste two years ago referred to it as“the hidden flow”.We need to be aware of it.The latest United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)report estimates that worldwide, electronic waste is mounting by about40million tons a year.So what can we do about it?The European Union has recognised the problem by adopting a key principle:producer responsibility.In other words,making it the duty of manufacturers of electronic goods to ensure their safe disposal at the end of their lives.In practice,an EU regulation now means that electronics dealers must either take back the equipment they sold you,or help to finance a network。

怎样做一名合格的秘书,英文版

How to be a secretary崔倩51092023 As a secretary he or she may have a lot of duties to fulfill. There is no doubt that secretary plays an essential roles in every company. Thus, how to be a good and professional secretary has become a hot issue. In my opinion, a good and professional secretary has to do the following major jobs.First, a secretary should pay close attention to his or her dress. Women should dress western-style clothes and skirts and men wear western-style clothes and trousers. A secretary must dress formerly so that he or she look peart.Second a secretary is expected to relieve the executive of various administrative details. For instance, a secretary should make appointments for the executive and maintain his or her calendar;a secretary is expected to arrange business itineraries and coordinate the executive's travel requirements. To be a good secretary, you should learn to satisfy your boss by working hard and acurisely.Thirdly, a secretary is required to coordinateand maintain effective procedures and efficient work flow.Next, a secretary should be able to establish and maintain harmonious working relationships with superiors, co-workers, subordinates, customers or clients, and suppliers. For example, You have to learn how to please all sides of colleagues and make them happy working with you. When dispute happens, you can handle them squarely. You can create easy atmospere around your office to let the boss deal with things lesurely. A secretary should be helpful to and thoughtful of the clients, supervise other employees, submit employers, and so on.Apart from what has been mentioned above, a secretary should also be able to do a variety of other jobs. To begin with, a secretary should make appointments for the executive and maintain his or her calendar. He or she is expected to receive and assist visitors and telephone callers in every way possible and then refer them to the executive or other appropriate persons as circumstances warrant. A secretary is expected to arrange business itineraries and coordinate the executive‟ travel requirements.Next, a secretary is expected to take action authorized during the executive‟s absence and use initiative and judgment to see that matters requiring attention are referred to a delegated authority or handled in a manner so as to minimize the effect of employer‟s absence.A secretary should be able to take shorthand or longhand notes and transcribe from it or transcribe from machine dictation. He or she should also be able to type material from longhand or rough copy.In addition, a secretary is expected to sort, read, and annotate incoming mail and documentsand then attach appropriate files to facilitate necessary action. He or she should be able to compose corre spondence and reports for the executive‟s signature as well as prepare communication outlines by the executive in oral or written directions.A secretary is expected to research and abstract information and supporting date in preparation for meetings, work projects and reports. He or she must be able to correlate and edit materials submitted by others in draft format.Also, a secretary should have the ability to manage the office work well. He or she should be good at maintaining filing and record management systems and other office flow procedures.Another duty of a secretary is to make arrangements for the executive and coordinate conferences and meetings. A secretary may serve as the recorder of minutes with responsibility for transcription and distribution to participants. He or she may supervise or hire other employees, select or make recommendations for purchase of supplies and equipment as well as maintain budge and expense account records, financial records, and confidential files.In addition to the duties mentioned above, a secretary should possess the following skills. he or she should have a good command of office skills and be proficient in office software such as Microsoft Outlook, Microsoft word, Excel and ect. Ever.Good secretary should have the personal qualities. Secretarial staff to take on a business or social organization to promote wider and better direction to the responsibility of secretarial staff directly related to the level of quality the level of quality and efficiency. As a good secretary, not only have excellent ideological and political quality, high professional ethics, quality and capacity of a solid knowledge of psychological health, but also a wide field of vision, innovative thinking, so as to occupy at work the initiative. A secretary Should have the personality characteristics. Personality affects the adaptability of the individual's career, a certain personality for the job in a certain. So you want to be a good secretary should have the Secretary of the professional requirements of the individual's personality, including the following five points. Believe they have the ability to complete their tasks undertaken, the use of high enthusiasm and courage to challenge the determination, control their emotions and behavior, so that secretarial work is more organized. Stable. Excellent secretarial work, whether routine or face to face emergency situations should keep a cool head, steady doing things. Rely on keen observation and common sense, without loss of principle in the case the problem is appropriately resolved. Modest. This is an excellent Secretary of the necessary charisma, one asked the Clerk to respect others, not to overwhelm people. Modest. This is an excellent Secretary of the necessary charisma, one asked the Clerk to respect others, not to overwhelm people. Able to create a relaxed and harmonious atmosphere to handle daily conflict, so that others feel relaxed at the same time, to facilitate the smooth progress of work. Firm. The Secretary shall have outstanding perseverance and strong mentalendurance. Leadership from the grassroots and the pressures of the outside world can calmly. Realistic, consciously resist bad style, do rational leadership staff and assistants. Security awareness is the secretarial staff of the basic literacy, as a good secretary should develop strict company secret habits and leadership and ability. A good secretary should have knowledge of literacy Knowledge structure is an important measure of the quality scale Secretary of talent. Secretary of the work not only has a strong practical, and highly integrated, with "mixed it" and "generalist" extensive knowledge. The basics. Including natural science, social science and basic common sense and basic knowledge of legal knowledge of everyday life. Relevant knowledge. That is necessary for the secretary's work played a supporting role of non-professional knowledge. Including business management, behavioral science, social psychology, thinking, scientific and other kinds of knowledge. As a good secretary, for all kinds of broad and basic knowledge is necessary. Expertise and industry knowledge. Secretary to the systematic study of workers in this career need to learn the doors of professional knowledge and understanding of all aspects of secretarial work, the operation of common sense, basic skills and practices. They are an important prerequisite for competent secretarial work Secretary of the industry's expertise is also Secretary of the personnel must master, it also challenge the Secretary's ability to learn in practice, industry-specific knowledge is also secretary to adapt the working environment, good working conditions necessary.Secretary is on behalf of the company's image, representing the company's attitude towards the problem, which requires the Secretary to have a business other than staff positions have a stronger public relations capacity. Including good language skills, memory, language and social skills, better coordination between the company and employees, between departments within the company, between employees and management, business and the relationship between the external sector. To be good at communicating in a different context, for different positions, different departments, different ages, different personalities and different relationship with the company's personnel to use appropriate language and uphold the correct and reasonable manner, with a good attitude, so that they successfully reached the matter of consensus, resolve conflicts effectively and efficiently establish contact with companies in the square image. To create harmony, trust, cooperation, good working environment. The fundamental role of the secretary is to help leaders do their daily work. A large number of enterprises or institutions face every day inside and outside the big or small, can sort things out secretary, in a wide variety of information in a number of selection and sorting of materials a good leader needs to become secretary of the basic requirements of the modern good, both for the leadership of smooth, the normal operation of the system of the department secretary or future personal development and so play a crucial role in.In summary, the secretarial position can be described as “the boss” confidant office manager, supply and equipment purchasing manager, …jack of all trades‟, and master of office mysteries.” He or she may have to retain a great deal of information without speaking of it to anyone. Because a secretary is often made aware of highly sensitive company information, he or she must be trustworthy and able to keep a “secret”.。

英国绅士礼仪的英文介绍

英国绅士礼仪的英文介绍Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GTg e n e r a l e t i q u e t t eOne only needs to take a quick glance around to notice that there are very few true gentlemen remaining among us. In times past, a gentleman was much appreciated and being gentlemanly was a n o b l e t h i n g.Alas, things have changed in today's society; some for the better and some for the worse. One thing that particularly irks me is the lack of good taste and etiquette most guys are guilty o f a t t h e t u r n o f t h i s n e w m i l l e n n i u m.I'm not saying that men should act like robots and be slaves to etiquette, but some basic good manners will go a long w a y i n h e l p i n g y o u d u r i n g y o u r a s c e n t t o t h e t o p.What I've done is compile a quick list of tips that will help turn even the most blundering fool into a proper gentleman. Follow these simple tips and I can assure you that people will perceive you as a man of good breeding and taste, hence a man they wish to associate and conduct business with. Not to mention the fact that the ladies are always quite p l e a s e d t o m e e t a r e a l g e n t l e m a n.g e n e r a l e t i q u e t t eA l w a y s b e p o l i t eEven if you don't like someone, there is no need to lower yourself to their level. Be polite and courteous; show that you're t h e b e t t e r m a n.D o n o t c u r s eSwearing is a big no-no. It shows that you don't have the vocabulary to express your thoughts appro priately. Furthermore, it is always very crude and impolite to be vulgar.D o n o t s p e a k l o u d l yWhen you speak loudly, it raises the stress level among company. It always implies that you can't reason with people and rely on "brute force" to get your point across. It also draws attention -- n e g a t i v e a t t e n t i o n.D o n o t l o s e y o u r t e m p e rWhen you lose your temper, you are showing everyone that you can't control your emotions. If you can't even control yourself, then how can you possibly control anything else Keep your cool at all times (it won't be easy but it is worth the effort) and people will take p o s i t i v e n o t e o f y o u r l e v e l h e a d e d n e s s.D o n o t s t a r eOgling someone is the equivalent of psychological aggression. You don't want to intimidate people for no reason.D o n o t i n t e r r u p tLet people finish what they are saying before adding your comments. Interrupting others is a sign of poor etiquette and a lack of social skills. If you want to come across as egotistical, you can d o s o b y c o n s t a n t l y i n t e r r u p t i n g.D o n o t s p i tA lot of men do this almost subconsciously. Spitting is very crude and not too pretty to look at. Do not spit in public unless y o u w a n t t o l o o k l i k e y o u w e r e r a i s e d i n a s e w e r.R e s p e c t y o u r e l d e r sIn fact, you should respect others as you would like them to respect you. I am specifying elders because it seems that today, young men think they know it all. Well, they don't. Just think of yourself five years ago... you're much smarter and experienced today, aren't you Of c o u r s e,y e t y o u t h o u g h t y o u k n e w i t a l l f i v e y e a r s a g o.D o n o t l a u g h a t o t h e r s'm i s t a k e sThis is perhaps one of the cruelest things one can do. When you mess up, the last thing you want is for someone not only to bring it to your attention, but to ridicule you on top of that.R e m o v e y o u r h a t i n d o o r sThis rule seems to have gone out the window these days. You should remove your headwear upon entering a building. Furthermore, never keep your hat on while at the dinner table. It r e f l e c t s v e r y p o o r e t i q u e t t e.W a i t f o r s e a t i n g b e f o r e e a t i n gWhen sitting down for a meal, you should wait until all the guests are properly seated and ready to commence the meal before eating. Everyone should start dining at the same time; this is a subtle b u t v e r y i m p o r t a n t r u l e.t h e b a s i c s o f c h i v a l r yIn addition to the aforementioned rules, gentlemen (in training) should follow these additional rules when in the presence of a lady. Chivalry may be on life support, but it is not dead yet. Be one of the few to keep this flame burning for many years to co me.A l w a y s o p e n d o o r sThis is perhaps the most basic rule of male etiquette out there. It is also one of the easiest to follow so you have no reason to forget it. Whether she is about to enter your car, restaurant, club, or anyplace with a door, you should always hold it open. If there are many doors, t h e n h o l d t h e m o p e n o n e a f t e r t h e o t h e r.P u t o n h e r c o a tAlways help a lady put on her coat or o v e r g a r m e n t.T h i s i s a s i m p l e b u t p o w e r f u l a c t i o n.H e l p w i t h h e r s e a tIf an unaccompanied lady is sitting next to you, it is important that you help her be seated by pulling her chair out for her and gently pushing it back into place, with the lady seated of course.G i v e u p y o u r s e a tIf a lady arrives at the table and there are no available seats, you shou ld stand up and offer yours to her.S t a n d a t a t t e n t i o nAlways stand when a lady enters or exits the room. This rule has been somewhat relaxed, so you can stand uponentrance but remain seated upon exit. Nonetheless, if you can do both, you s h o u l d.G i v e h e r y o u r a r mWhen escorting a lady (that you know) to and from social events, you should offer her your arm. This is a little more intimate, but serves well when walking on uneven ground -- especially if she's w e a r i n g h i g h h e e l s.A s k i f s h e n e e d s a n y t h i n gThis is one that most guys already do, but helps complete the gentleman in all of us nevertheless. When at social events, make sure to ask the lady if you can get her something to drink (or eat, depending on the event). Show her that you care about her comfort and n e e d s.Gentlemen, if I may call you that, these are the rules of etiquette you should observe in everyday life. Elevate yourself above the rabble and display the mannerisms of a true gentleman. The world will appreciate such a rarity and your career will most definitely benefit from y o u r g o o d m a n n e r s a n d s a v o i r-f a i r e.。

商务礼仪英语Bisiness Etiquette

A Study on International Commercial Etiquette and Its Significance商务礼仪及其意义研究CONTENTS(TIMES NEW ROMAN 小三号加黑加粗)INT RODUCTION (1)CHAPTER ONE ABCCCCCCCC (7)1.1 Abc (7)1.2 Abc (8)1.3 Abc (9)CHAPTER TWO ABCCCCCCCC (11)2.1Abc (11)2.2Abc (12)2.3Abc (13)CHAPTER THREE…CHAPTER FOUR……CONCLUSION……………………………………………………….REFERENCES………………………………………………………内容摘要当今世界，各国之间交流频繁，礼仪之论不再局限在国内，而成了国际交往需要重视的问题。

同时，不可否认的是因为各国价值观念，文化，历史背景的不同，在礼仪实践中也存在差异。

没有一个统一的标准，这些差异，只有一些约定俗成的东西，大家都基本认同，在交往中共同遵守。

所以从事国际交流，国际商务的人，不论是政治，经济，文化，军事哪个领域，对这些礼仪都要熟悉。

国际商务和涉外工作也已经不再是少数人的专利，而是成为越来越多人的职业选择。

在这个“以人为本”的时代，如何在跨文化的交流中，尽可能地尊重他人，又充分维护自己的尊严，是一项非常重要而具有挑战意义的事情，而国际商务礼仪就是市场竞争和国际商务大环境中人们必备的一门知识。

本文对商务礼仪进行了明确的界定,对商务礼仪的内容与归属、特征与原则、功能与操作进行了系统的阐述,较为详细地论述了商务介绍与问候,迎送礼仪,宴请规则,谈判礼仪以及柬书礼仪,同时阐明了国际商务礼仪对于商务人员的重要意义。

AbstractNowadays different nations communicate frequently. Etiquette is becoming an imp ortant issue, which is not confined only in the domestic affairs. At the same t ime, the values vary from nations to nations, so does the practice of etiquette. There is not an acknowledged standard and it is only a set of established rule s which are obeyed by all the people. Therefore, a business man should be familiar with all the protocols in all fields, such as politics, economics, and cult ure and military.International business is no longer the privilege of the minority of people. Mo re and more people prefer to go into business. In the era of human-oriented soc iety, how to respect others and maintain one’s dignity becomes a challenge. In ternational business etiquette is the basic knowledge which should be applied i n the competition in the international business environment. .This thesis gives a clear definition of commercial etiquette and systematically explains its contents, categorizations, features, principles, functions and pr actices. It illustrates the business introduction, greetings, welcoming guest s, entertaining visitors, international business negotiation, practical busines s English writing in detail. It also shows the significance of the commercial e tiquette.INTRODUCTIONBusiness communication and business etiquetteIn an era of globalization, understanding the basics of etiquette and protocol that is, the type of behavior that others expect of you in both informal and fo rmal settings—is an important skill. It can instill an individual with confide nce to handle almost any situation in any culture and allow a businessperson t concentrate on the deal at hand rather than worrying about such distractions as which fork to use or which hand to use for passing food. Without an understand ing of the basics of etiquette and protocol, you risk coming off as a boorish N eanderthal. You may even put your company’s image at risk or risk potential fa ilure in the formation of key business relationships that are vital to global success. Finally, a well-honed sense and appreciation of local customs etiquette and protocol can make you stand out in a competitive global market.In order to comprehend the International Commercial Etiquette, we should find o ut the full contents of its activities.Just as its name implies, the International Commerce indicates that there is on ly one purpose of commercial activities, that is, to realize, increase and conv ert the value. One sales its goods to the other to realize the market value of this production, at the same time, the value is increased in this process, ther efore, the seller gains some profits, which will be conversed into the value fo rm needed in the next commercial campaign, no matter it is cash, products or se rvice, thus, makes preparation of the following commercial activity. International Commercial is based on the approbation and reception of each othe r’s trade motivations between the bargainers. Especially nowadays, this kind o f activity is an action in which both sides are voluntary and almost without an y force to press on. Besides, this kind of commercial activity goes along under the condition of free trade all over the world. Therefore, in the atmosphere o f international commerce, the traders have the same quality, intent and environ ment, as well as threeCHAPTER ONEABCCONCLUSIONIncreased globalization has been one of the most important developments in thepast decade. The Internet has been instrumental in accelerating the growth of b usiness across borders. The ability to effectively conduct business with tradin g partners around the world is essential in the twenty-first century. Savvy com panies view the development of international business etiquette and communicati on skills as a strategy to distinguish their company from competing firms. One business educator has cautioned, "Being closely attuned to the orientations of diverse trading partners is an increasingly important advantage in the highly c ompetitive global marketplace, where only the very best thrive." Colleges and u niversities have responded to this need by integrating international perspectiv es into the curricula. Business schools in particular have worked to internatio nalize the curriculum, partially through the expansion of international busines s communication courses. Even student clubs have recognized the need for enhanc ed understanding of other cultures, sponsoring popular business etiquette dinne rs and workshops on global business protocol.Proper etiquette in today’s business world goes well beyond basic ta ble manner s( they are, after all, a given in most cultures) and common courtesies (allowi ng an esteemed colleague or superior to precede you through a doorway, for exam ple). Think of all the elements that go into making a first impression. The lis t is lengthy. There is your manner of dress, your professional appearance, the color of your dress or tie, your body language, handshake, posture, amount of e ye contact on introduction, where you put your hands, how you accept a business card and how you present yours as well as the actual content of the card-and y ou haven’t even sat down to begin talks.Regardless of the culture, proper etiquette means maintaining your own values w hile respecting those of others. It does not mean slavishly following the rituals and practices of others to please your host. If you make an effort at the la nguage, at understanding the basics of common courtesy, and avoid any offensive acts, don’t be overly concerned about the subtleties- at least the first time around. To be honest, not that much is really expected of the first time visito r to another culture, thought a deeper understanding will be expected each time you visit. The value in understanding etiquette and protocol id in the confide nce it gives you and the impression it makes on colleagues.Although what is covered is handled well, there are some areas that could have received greater attention. For example, there is little discussion of the diff erences among the various countries and cultures in each continent. And I’d ha ve liked more on business etiquette and the use of humor, entertainment and let ters.We previously discussed the importance of business etiquette in daily business activities in terms of "business introduce", dining, business invitations. Ther e are some other important business etiquettes, such as the proper attitude tow ards foreign cultures, music and arts, the respect for their dining habits, hol idays and religions. We will not discuss them in details because of the limited scope of this paper. Shortly put, understanding more about foreign business et iquettes put us in a good position to deal with all kinds of business occasions and hence facilitate the development of global trade.References:[1] Grace Fox. Everyday Etiquette, A Guide to Modern Manners[M].[2] Mary Jane McCaffree, Pauline Innis. The Complete Handbook [8] R.G. Feltha m. Diplomatic Handbook[M] .[M]. Time-Life Custom Publishing.[3] Williams-Sonoma, Inc. and Wedon Owen Inc. The Bar GuideBerkley Publishing Group with Doubleday Direct, Inc, 1998.of Diplomatc i[M],. Official and Social Usage.[4] 杜培. 现代礼仪学[M]. 中国工人出版社, 1997.[5] 韩欲和, 张彦. 涉外礼仪[M]. 译林出版社, 1996.[6] 金正昆. 涉外礼仪教程[M]. 中国人民大学出版社, 1998.[7] 李斌. 国际礼仪与交际礼节[M]. 世界知识出版社, 1985.[8] 李天民. 现代国际礼仪知识[M]. 世界知识出版社, 1999.[9] 宋长美. 对外交往中的礼仪礼节[M]. 黑龙江人民出版社,1996.（中文参考文献按拼音顺序排，英文按字母顺序排。

商务礼仪的重要性英文

商务礼仪的重要性英文篇一：商务礼仪英语Bisiness EtiquetteA Study on International Commercial Etiquette and Its Significance商务礼仪及其意义研究CONTENTS INTRODUCTION????????????????????.1CHAPTER ONE ABCCCCCCCC?????????????. 7Abc???????????????????????. 7Abc ???????????????????????.8Abc????????????????????.???.9CHAPTER TWO ABCCCCCCCC?????????????11???????????????????????. 11???????????????????????12???????????????????????.13CHAPTER THREE?CHAPTER FOUR?? CONCLUSION?????????????????????. REFERENCES?????????????????????内容摘要当今世界，各国之间交流频繁，礼仪之论不再局限在国内，而成了国际交往需要重视的问题。

同时，不可否认的是因为各国价值观念，文化，历史背景的不同，在礼仪实践中也存在差异。

没有一个统一的标准，这些差异，只有一些约定俗成的东西，大家都基本认同，在交往中共同遵守。

所以从事国际交流，国际商务的人，不论是政治，经济，文化，军事哪个领域，对这些礼仪都要熟悉。

国际商务和涉外工作也已经不再是少数人的专利，而是成为越来越多人的职业选择。

视听说口语考试答案

First of all,leave a good first impression ,arrive on time or a few minutes the appearance of energy when you walk ,smile , shake hands firmly to show that you are genuinely glad to meet the interviewer. second, remember to bring a copy of your resume,but don’t rely on your resume to do the selling for you,speak up for yourself.Third,be aware you are selling yourself,so don’t answer with a simple yes or no,explain whenever achievements and what you can bring to the company.forth,be honest,answer questions frankly and truthfully.LAST BUT NO LEAST,control your nerves. even if you find it difficult to answer the question. Sometimes they just want to see how you perform under great pressure, so it’s important to show your confidence .2、PreparationCheck on the competencies required , then Review your experience and come up with examples from your work when you have demonstrated them.Remind yourself of your key achievements. think about how you would describe each role you have taken .Make a list of all your positive qualities and what you can bring to the company, and review them before the interview.Find out as much as you can about the company. check their website, have a search for news items and see if there are any discussion boards which may be relevant.Your answer may not come out the way you intended unless you’ve practiced saying them. List all the probable questions and do a mock interview. Also, Ask for feedbacks to revise your answers.3、qualityFirst of all, a Positive Mind-set ,which means that you are motivated, energetic, and eager to do the job, and it will be a pleasure to have you around.Problem-solving skills. talk about how you effectively approach problems in detail.Ability to cooperate with others. This means you are ready to work as a teamAbility to handle criticism. Show them you’re capable of recognizi ng your weaknesses, and you’re willing to make effort to correct them.Flexibility show them you can work Efficiently under great pressure,4department:Human Resources Marketing Financial Sales Purchasing AccountingProject Engineering administration service public relationsmanufacturing department / production departmentbuyer designer assistant secretary accountant Consultantanalyst programmer engineer Product?Developer?sales/purchasing manager product manager general manager Advertising?Manager?Human Resource Director Marketing?DirectorCEO(Chief Executive Officer) CFO(Chief Financial Officer) COO(Chief?Operations?Officer ) vice-president5 personality of successful managerA successful manager is an optimistic and courageous person, one who smiles even at the times of difficulties. A successful manager ought to be like a protective cushion who absorbs stress and tension and never passes on to his team members.A successful managera is also considerate and understanding, he or she encourages and supports team members whenever needed.And they are outgoing and good at making Contact,they love to get in touch with team members ,not only to keep track of what is happening in the workplace but also to build a close relationships with them. Also, they are Honest,Persistent and responsible for their actions and decisions.6、tips to newcomersBe the early bird Reaching?the?office?early?for?the?first?few?weeks?gives?you?more?time?to?complete?all?the?extra?form alities? ?It?will?also give?you?time?to?explore??your?new?surroundingsI ntroduce yourself over a cup of tea. Exchange greetings and ask for advice. People will be flattered that you have reached out。

商务英语函电实训 Unit (1)

Unit 1 Foundamentals of Business Writing
Reference to Future Contact

I look forward to ...
hearing from you soon. meeting you next Tuesday.
seeing you next Thursday.
professional tone to your English business letters.
Unit 1 Foundamentals of Business Writing
The Start
Dear Personnel Director, Dear Sir or Madam: (use if you don't know who you are writing to) Dear Dr, Mr, Mrs, Miss or Ms Smith: (use if you know who you are writing to, and have a formal relationship with - VERY IMPORTANT use Ms for women unless asked to use Mrs or Miss) Dear Frank: (use if the person is a close business contact or friend)
Unit 1 Foundamentals of Business Writing
Unit 1 Foundamentals of Business Writing
1.Guide to Basic Business Letters
The basics of good business letter writing are easy to learn. The following guide provides the phrases that are usually found in any standard business letter. These phrases are used as a kind of frame and introduction to the content of business letters. At the end of this guide, you will find links

商务英语教案

哈尔滨金融学院教案课程名称：商务英语课程代码：开课系部：商英系授课教师：授课班级：11级商英英语1~4班；开课学期：2014-2015上一、课程简介（四号宋体加粗）课程类别：专业选修课授课对象：本科层次英语专业场地器材：XJ-103学时学分：×××（四号宋体）使用教材：陈准民，《工商导论》，高等教育出版社，2010年参考教材： Jeffrey Edmund Curry, International Marketing,上海外语教育出版社。

Nick Brieger，《企鹅商务英语丛书》编著，湖南人民出版社。

陈小慰，《新编剑桥商务英语难词解释》，经济科学出版社。

罗恩•霍尔特，《国际商业书信》，外语教学与研究出版社。

二、教学目标扩充学生的金融词汇量，了解地道的外国金融案例。

本门课程分为四个领域，会计学、银行业、公司理财、经济与贸易，学生学习后从宏观上可以将4者结合，将所学的知识进行整合，整体上提高自己的就业竞争力。

三、教学过程第一次课 2学时教学内容第一单元：setting up a business1. To know about the 4 forms of setting up business2. To understand the advantage/disadvantage of each form3. To master the key professional terms4. To have a good mastery of corporation重点难点the advantage/disadvantage of each form教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第二次课 2学时教学内容第二单元：marketing: an overview1. To know about the meaning of marketing2. To understand the meaning of marketing mix3. To master the concept of market segmentation4. To have a good mastery of how to make market research 重点难点marketing mix教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第三次课 2学时教学内容第三单元：products and pricing1. To know about the different kinds of products2. To understand varieties of consuming products3. To master the process of product development and life cycle4. To have a good mastery of major consideration in setting price重点难点the process of product development and life cycle教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题）第四次课 2学时教学内容第四单元：channels of distribution1. To know about the meaning of marketing channel2. To understand the meaning of wholesaler/retailer3. To master the importance of agents and broker4. To have a good mastery of importance of retailers重点难点1. the meaning of marketing channel2. the importance of middlemen教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第五次课 2学时教学内容第五单元：promotion1. To know about the meaning of promotion2. To understand the meaning of promotion mix3. To master the advantage/disadvantage of different mix4. To have a good mastery of advertising/personal selling 重点难点1. To understand the meaning of promotion mix2. To master the advantage/disadvantage of different mix 教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第六次课 2学时教学内容第六单元：money and banking1. To know about the characteristics of money2. To understand macro/micro definition of money3. To master the banking system4. To have a good mastery of Federal Reserve System andmoney market重点难点1. macro/micro definition of money2. the banking system教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第七次课 2学时教学内容第七单元：Financing1. To know about the definition of financing2. To understand the content of short/long term financing3. To master the meaning and features of debt/equity financing4. To have a good mastery of bond and stock重点难点3. the meaning and features of debt/equity financing4. bond and stock教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第八次课 2学时教学内容第八单元：accounting1. To know about the definition of accounting cycle2. To understand the meaning of 2 basic financial statements3. To master the contents of different accounts in eachstatements4. To have a good mastery of financial terminologies重点难点1.financial terminologies2.2 basic financial statements教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第九次课 2学时教学内容第九单元：the securities market1. To know about the formation of securities market2. To understand investment portfolio3. To master the bond/stock market4. To have a good mastery of best investment structure 重点难点1. investment portfolio2. the bond/stock market教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第十次课 2学时教学内容第十单元：risk management and insurance1. To know about the basics regarding to insurance2. To understand different kinds of insurance3. To master the risks regarding to running a business4. To have a good mastery of professional terms重点难点1.professional terms2.different kinds of insurance教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第十一次课 2学时教学内容第十一单元：business law1. To know about the 3 basic kinds of business law2. To understand key points in each kind of law3. To master the terminologies4. To have a good mastery of contract law and property law 重点难点contract law and property law教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第十二次课 2学时教学内容第十二单元：international business1. To know about the definition of international trade2. To understand the concept of comparative/absoluteadvantages3. To master the ways of doing world trade4. To have a good mastery of trade tariff重点难点parative/absolute advantages2.trade tariff教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第十三次课 2学时教学内容第十三单元：managing business enterprises1. To know about the basics of industrial/commercialmanagement2. To understand the formation of a company3. To master the different organization structure of a company4. To have a good mastery of all terminologies重点难点1.the different organization structure of a company2.terminologies教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第十四次课 2学时教学内容第十四单元：human resources management1. To know about the way to compose a CV2. To understand how to deal with an interview3. To master the importance of job description and performanceappraisal4. To have a good mastery of terminologies重点难点1.job description and performance appraisal2.job specification教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第十五次课 2学时教学内容第十五单元：motivation and leadership1. To know about the art of motivation2. To understand the importance of leadership3. To master the different classic theories4. To have a good mastery of how to increase work efficiency 重点难点1.the different classic theories2.how to increase work efficiency教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第十六次课 2学时教学内容第十七单元：the environment and responsibilities1. To know about the types of economic system and economicgoals2. To understand the market and competition3. To master the responsibility of business4. To have a good mastery of special terms in competition重点难点the terminologies教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题第十七次课 2学时教学内容第十八单元：careers in business1. To know about personal aptitude test2. To understand major possible career development direction3. To master the terminologies4. To have a good mastery of composing CV重点难点the terminologies教学组织1．讲授法2．集体授课3. 多媒体教学作业布置课后习题。

Warehouse OPS - The ABCs 03 - of BCDRP

The ABCs of Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery PlanningThese days, the list of potentially business-disrupting events seems almost endless: viruses, power blackouts, natural disasters and even terrorist events. Good business continuity plans will keep your company up and running -- this primer helps make sure you've covered all the necessary bases.Disaster recovery and business continuity planning are processes that help organizations prepare for disruptive events—whether an event might be a hurricane or simply a power outage caused by a backhoe in the parking lot. The CSO's involvem ent in this process can range from overseeing the plan, to providing input and support, to putting the plan into action during an emergency. This primer (compiled from articles in CSO magazine) explains the basic concepts of business continuity planning and also directs you to more CSO magazine resources on the topic.∙What’s the difference between disaster reco very and business continuity planning?∙What does a disaster recovery and business continuity plan include?∙How do I get started?∙Is it really necessary to disrupt business by testing the plan?∙What kinds of things have companies discovered when testing a plan?∙What are the top mistakes that companies make in disaster recovery?∙I still have a binder with our Y2K plan. Will that work?∙Can we outsource our contingency measures?∙How can I sell this business continuity planning to other executives?∙How do I make sure the plans aren’t overkill for my company?∙Related articles from CSO magazineQ: "Disaster recovery" seems pretty self-explanatory. Is there any difference between that and "business continuity planning"?A: Disaster recovery is the process by which you resume business after a disruptive event. The event might be something huge-like an earthquake or the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center-or something small, like malfunctioning software caused by a computer virus.Given the human tendency to look on the bright side, many business executives are prone to ignoring "disaster recovery" because disaster seems an unlikely event. "Business continuity planning" suggests a more comprehensive approach to making sure you can keep making money. Often, the two terms are married under the acronym BC/DR. At any rate, DR and/or BC determines how a company will keep functioning after a disruptive event until its normal facilities are restored.What do these plans include?All BC/DR plans need to encompass how employees will communicate, where they will go and how they will keep doing their jobs. The details can vary greatly, depending on the size and scope of a company and the way it does business. For some businesses, issues such as supply chain logistics are most crucial and are the focus on the plan. For others, information technology may play a more pivotal role, and the BC/DR plan may have more of a focus on systems recovery. For example, the plan at one global manufacturing company would restore critical mainframes with vital data at a backup site within four to six days of a disruptive event, obtain a mobile PBX unit with 3,000 telephones within two days, recover the company's 1,000-plus LANs in order of business need, and set up a temporary call center for 100 agents at a nearby training facility.But the critical point is that neither element can be ignored, and physical, IT and human resources plans cannot be developed in isolation from each other. At its heart, BC/DR is about constant communication. Business leaders and IT leaders should work together to determine what kind of plan is necessary and which systems and business units are most crucial to the company. Together, they should decide which people are responsible for declaring a disruptive event and mitigating its effects. Most importantly, the plan should establish a process for locating and communicating with employees after such an event. In a catastrophic event (Hurricane Katrina being a recent example), the plan will also need to take into account that many of those employees will have more pressing concerns than getting back to work.Where do I start?A good first step is a business impact analysis (BIA). This will identify the business's most crucial systems and processes and the effect an outage would have on the business. The greater the potential impact, the more money a company should spend to restore a system or process quickly. For instance, a stock trading company may decide to pay for completely redundant IT systems that would allow it to immediately start processing trades at another location. On the other hand, a m anufacturing company may decide that it can wait 24 hours to resum e shipping. A BIA will help companies set a restoration sequence to determine which parts of the business should be restored first.Here are 10 absolute basics your plan should cover:1.Develop and practice a contingency plan that includes a succession plan for your CEO.2.Train backup employees to perform emergency tasks. The employees you count on tolead in an em ergency will not always be available.3.Determine offsite crisis meeting places for top executives.4.Make sure that all employees-as well as executives-are involved in the exercises sothat they get practice in responding to an emergency.5.Make exercises realistic enough to tap into employees' emotions so that you can seehow they'll react when the situation gets stressful.6.Practice crisis communication with employees, customers and the outside world.7.Invest in an alternate means of communication in case the phone networks go down.8.Form partnerships with local emergency response groups-firefighters, police andEMTs-to establish a good working relationship. Let them become familiar with your company and site.9.Evaluate your company's performance during each test, and work toward constantimprovement. Continuity exercises should reveal weaknesses.10.Test your continuity plan regularly to reveal and accommodate changes. Technology,personnel and facilities are in a constant state of flux at any company.Hold it. Actual live-action tests would, themselves, be the "disruptive events." If I get enough people involved in writing and examining our plans, won't that be sufficient?Let us give you an example of a company that thinks tabletops and paper simulations aren't enough. And why their experience suggests they're right.When CIO Steve Yates joined USAA, a financial services company, business continuity exercises existed only on paper. Every year or so, top-level staffers would gather in a conference room to role-play; they would spend a day examining different scenarios, talking them out-discussing how they thought the procedures should be defined and how they thought people would respond to them.Live exercises were confined to the company's technology assets. USAA would conduct periodic data recovery tests of different business units-like taking a piece of the life insurance department and recovering it from backup data.Yates wondered if such passive exercises reflected reality. He also wondered if USAA's employees would really know how to follow such a plan in a real emergency. When Sept. 11 came along, Yates realized that the company had to do more. "Sept. 11 forced us to raise the bar on ourselves," says Yates.Yates engaged outside consultants who suggested that the company build a second data center in the area as a backup. After weighing the costs and benefits of such a project, USAA initially concluded that it would be more efficient to rent space on the East Coast. But after the attack on the World Trade Center and Pentagon, when air traffic came to a halt, Yates knew it was foolhardy to have a data center so far away. Ironically, USAA was set to sign the lease contract the week of Sept. 11.Instead, USAA built a center in Texas, only 200 miles away from its offices-close enough to drive to, but far enough away to pull power from a different grid and water from a different source. The company has also made plans to deploy critical employees to other office locations around the country.Yates made site visits to companies such as FedEx, First Union, Merrill Lynch and Wachovia to hear about their approach to contingency planning. USAA also consulted with PR firmFleishman-Hillard about how USAA, in a crisis situation, could communicate most effectively with its customers and employees.Finally, Yates put together a series of large-scale business continuity exercises designed to test the performance of individual business units and the company at large in the event of wide-scale business disruption. When the company simulated a loss of the primary data center for its federal savings bank unit, Yates found that it was able to recover the systems, applications and all 19 of the third-party vendor connections. USAA also ran similar exercises with other business units.For the main event, however, Yates wanted to test more than the company's technology procedures; he wanted to incorporate the most unpredictable element in any contingency planning exercise: the people.USAA ultimately found that employees w ho walked through the simulation were in a position to observe flaws in the plans and offer suggestions. Furthermore, those who practice for emergency situations are less likely to panic and more likely to remember the plan.Can you give me some examples of things companies have discovered through testing?Some companies have discovered that while they back up their servers or data centers, they've overlooked backup plans for laptops. Many businesses fail to realize the importance of data stored locally on laptops. Because of their mobile nature, laptops can easily be lost or damaged. It doesn't take a catastrophic event to disrupt business if employees are carting critical or irreplaceable data around on laptops.One company reports that it is looking into buying MREs (meals ready-to-eat) from the company that sells them to the military. MREs have a long shelf life, and they don't take up much space. If employees are stuck at your facility for a long time, this could prove a worthwhile investment.Mike Hager, former head of information security and disaster recovery for OppenhiemerFunds, says 9/11 brought issues like these to light. Many companies, he said, were able to recover data, but had no plans for alternative work places. The World Trade Center had provided more than 20 million square feet of office space, and after Sept. 11th there was only 10 million square feet of office space available in Manhattan. The issue of where employees go immediately after a disaster and where they will be housed during recovery should be addressed before something happens, not after.USAA discovered that while it had designated a nearby relocation area, the setup process for computers and phones took nearly two hours. During that time, employees were left standing outside in the hot Texas sun. Seeing the plan in action raised several questions that hadn't been fully addressed before: Was there a safer place to put those employees in the interim? How should USAA determine if or when employees could be allowed back in the building?How would thousands of people access their vehicle if their car keys were still sitting on their desk? And was there an alternate transportation plan if the company needed to send employees hom e?What are the top mistakes that companies make in disaster recovery?Hager and other experts note the following pitfalls:1.Inadequate planning: Have you identified all critical systems, and do you havedetailed plans to recover them to the current day? (Everybody thinks they know what they have on their networks, but most people don't really know how many servers they have, or how they're configured, or what applications reside on them-what services were running, what version of software or operating systems they were using. Asset management tools claim to do the trick here, but they often fail to capture important details about software revisions and so on.2.Failure to bring the business into the planning and testing of your recovery efforts.3.Failure to gain support from senior-level managers. The largest problems here are:a.Not demonstrating the level of effort required for full recovery.b.Not conducting a business impact analysis and addressing all gaps in yourrecovery model.c.Not building adequate recovery plans that outline your recovery timeobjective, critical systems and applications, vital documents needed by thebusiness, and business functions by building plans for operational activitiesto be continued after a disaster.d.Not having proper funding that will allow for a minimum of semiannualtesting.I still have a binder with our Y2K contingency plan. Will that work?Absolutely not (unless your computers, employees and business priorities are exactly the same as they were in 1999). Plus, most Y2K plans cover only computer system-based failure. Potential physical calamities like blackouts, natural disasters or terrorist events bring additional issues to the table.Can we outsource our contingency measures?Disaster recovery services-offsite data storage, mobile phone units, remote workstations and the like-are often outsourced, simply because it makes more sense than purchasing extra equipment or space that may never be used. In the days after the Sept. 11 attacks, disaster recovery vendors restored systems and provided temporary office space, complete with telephones and Internet access for dozens of displaced companies.What advice would you give to security executives who need to convince their CEO or board of the need for disaster recovery plans and capabilities? What argumentsare most effective with an executive audience?Hager advises chief security officers to address the need for disaster recovery through analysis and docum entation of the potential financial losses. Work with your legal and financial departments to document the total losses per day that your company would face if you were not capable of quick recovery. By thoroughly reviewing your business continuance and disaster recovery plans, you can identify the gaps that may lead to a successful recovery. Remember: Disaster recovery and business continuance are nothing more than risk avoidance. Senior managers understand more clearly when you can demonstrate how much risk they are taking."Hager also says that smaller companies have more (and cheaper) options for disaster recovery than bigger ones. For example, the data can be taken home at night. That's certainly a low-cost way to do offsite backup.Some of this sounds like overkill for my company. Isn't it a bit much?The elaborate machinations that USAA goes through in developing and testing its contingency plans might strike the average CSO (or CEO, anyway) as being over the top. And for som e businesses, that's absolutely true. After all, HazMat training and an evacuation plan for 20,000 employees is not a necessity for every company.Like many security issues, continuity planning comes down to basic risk management: How much risk can your company tolerate, and how much is it willing to spend to mitigate various risks?In planning for the unexpected, companies have to weigh the risk versus the cost of creating such a contingency plan. That's a trade-off that Pete Hugdahl, USAA's assistant vice president of security, frequently confronts. "It gets really difficult when the cost factor comes into play," he says. "Are we going to spend $100,000 to fence in the property? How do we know if it's worth it?"And-make no mistake-there is no absolute answer. Whether you spend the money or accept the risk is an executive decision, and it should be an informed decision. Half-hearted disaster recovery planning (in light of the 2005 hurricane season, 9/11, the Northeast blackout of 2003, and so on) is a failure to perform due diligence.。

business etiquette

Dining Out, Ordering Y our MealAccording to Ann Marie Sabbath, author of Business Etiquette in Brief, when meeting someone for a business lunch, wait in the lobby unless you have agreed upon a prior arrangement. If you are seated first, wait for all parties to be seated before ordering your meal. If you are not the host, ask the host what they recommend before placing your order, so that you will have an idea as to an appropriate price range for your meal. Order only the basics: a salad, main course and beverage. Only order an appetizer or dessert when following the lead of the host. Try to mirror the eating pace of the host. If you are a slow eater, ask the host questions in order to slow down his eating pace to match your own.Basic Table MannersThese rules of etiquette for business dining outlined by the University of Delaware Career Center are a matter of common sense for most individuals. When at the table, turn off cell phones, sit up straight, no elbows on the table, do not groom yourself at the tab le, do not talk with your mouth full, take small bites and cut your salad into bite sized pieces if necessary.American "Zigzag" StyleIn America, the most common style of dining is the "zigzag" style, which is sometimes referred to as the American style. Using the "zigzag" style, hold your knife in the right hand and fork, tines (prong on the fork) down, in the left hand. After cutting your food, place the knife in the upper right edge of the plate. Switch the fork to the right hand and eat a piece of food with the fork, tines up.European "Continental" StyleEurope, Latin America and many other countries use the European "Continental" style of dining etiquette. The primary distinction between this style and the zigzag style is that the fork remains in the left hand with the tines down. In America, this style is only considered acceptable when the person is a foreigner or a citizen who was born in another country. /about_6636272_business-dinner-etiquette.htmlMeet and GreetFind the balance between overwhelming and underwhelming your dinner hosts. Y ou want each person at your table to remember your name and the organization you represent without coming on too strong. Y ou should also remember the names of as many of your hosts as possible. To commit names to memory, say each person’s name aloud and repeat it as yougreet them. Make an extra effort to remember the names of your senior hosts.Seating and OrderingWatch your hosts at your gathering for cues. For example, wait for your senior host to sit down first and ask if she has a preference about seating arrangements before you take your own seat. If ordering dinner from a restaurant menu, you should also watch your hosts to make appropriate choices. Y ou don’t want to order the most expensive items on the menu just because your hosts are paying. On the other hand, you don’t want to order a snack while your hosts order a full meal. A simple way to keep your meal choice in line with your hosts is to simply say that you’re not familiar with the restaurant and ask for recommendations.Table MannersTo make a good impression as a business dinner guest, your goal should be to eat neatly. If your dinner is casual, you should still avoid messy foods. Pass on anything that is difficult to eat such as spaghetti or sandwiches with drippy sauces. If the business dinner is formal, and your table skills are rusty, it's a good idea to skim through a book on dining etiquette to brush up on your skills before the event. For example, "The Amy Vanderbilt Complete Book of Etiquette: 50th Anniversary Edition,"says that knives, forks and glasses are arranged in the order of use. The outermost fork should be used first, and so on.Pass on AlcoholSkip wine or other alcoholic beverages even if other members of your host party order them. Drinks such as iced tea or soda are safer bets, and you won’t have to worry about accidentally overindulging and saying or doing something that works against your business or career interests. If you feel pressured to have a drink, it’s acceptable to politely decline by saying that you need to be able to drive home with a clear head./how_1000325_behave-businees-dinner-url.htmlTaking clients out for an enjoyable dinner can help you build the long-lasting relationships that your business needs. But you need to plan carefully so you're sure to make the best possible impression.For example, choose a restaurant willing to accommodate people on a vegetarian, gluten-free or other special diets, says Mark Hemmeter, founder of Office Evolution, a provider of virtual office space in Boulder, Colo., who often meets with investors and potential franchisees over dinner. "I don't want to put someone in an uncomfortable situation."Here are seven of the essential ingredients to wooing clients during a business dinner:Research your dining companions.Take time to read up on your guests using online search tools or LinkedIn. If you know the business and personal backgrounds of the attendees, including personal interests and hobbies, you can use the information to help build your relationship, says Deborah Goldstein, a founder of Goldie's Table Manners, a New Y ork City-based dining etiquette business. "If you find a hobby in common, you can steer the conversation to 'stumble on' that commonality."Arrive early.Getting to the restaurant ahead of your guests can help ensure that the dinner goes smoothly. For one thing, you'll have time to control the noise level by making sure you're not sitting next to a large group of people and that the table isn't in the path of traffic, says Lydia Ramsey, a business etiquette expert in Savannah, Ga. Also, she says, if the guests arrive first, they may not feel they're a high priority with you.Prepay the bill.Seeing the bill arrive can be awkward for your business guests even though they aren't expected to pay. If it's a restaurant you're comfortable with, let the server run your credit card, designate a tip percentage and sign the bill either before your guests' arrival or when you discreetly step away from the table mid-meal. Y ou can either pick up the check as you exit or have it mailed to you, Ramsey says. "That way the check never comes to the table. It makes it very comfortable for the guest."Match the client in consumption.To keep a balance throughout the meal, let your guest order first. For example, skip the appetizer if your guest orders only an entrée -- ditto when it comes to dessert. Even if you order the same courses, adjust your pace so you're eating at a similar rate, Goldstein advises. Sitting in front of your finished plate may make it awkward for your companion if he's only half way through the meal. If you're having drinks, it's also important to follow your guest's lead, Hemmeter says. "I want to relate to the person I am dining with, and unbalanced alcohol consumption can make that difficult." If the guest starts drinking too much, however, keeping pace clearly isn't a good idea, he adds.Related: 15 Rules for Talking Business Over DrinksRespect the wait staff.How you communicate with restaurant staff can affect your business relationship by changing the way your guests feel about you. So don't lose your cool even if dishes or service are not up to par. "I can't stand it when people are rude or condescending to servers in a restaurant," Hemmeter says. "They usually carry that attitude to their workforce, and I don't want to work with people like that."Take advantage of the small talk.Inviting a client to dinner doesn't mean you need to talk about only business. In fact, it may be appropriate to avoid work topics altogether and simply get to know each other on a personal basis. Small talk can often be a great way to assess another guest: Does he dominate the conversation or is he a good listener? Does she act in a respectful or demeaning manner toward subordinates? If you do need to discuss business matters, Ramsey recommends that you save them for after the main course when there will be fewer interruptions from the server.Be sure to follow-up on the dinner conversation.Take note of what you may need to do post-dinner and be sure to follow through on any requests from your guests, such as making introductions to third parties or tracking down information. "Many people promiseaction, but don't follow through," Goldstein says./article/226785Table Manners in China and Western CountriesAs the basis of all other ceremonies, table manners are the essential proce dure in everyones daily life. To anyone’s education, we usually start from table manners. Then Table manners are very important since it is repeated many times every day. It must be done properly whether eating alone, with family, or with friends. Y ou should tr ain yourself in proper table manners, whether alone or with your family. I t will then become a natural part of your behavior, and you will be at ease at the table.Table manners in every kind of culture are totally different. For example, Chinese use chopsticks, western people use knives and forks, while India n use hands what evidently reflect the difference between different cultur es. Meanwhile, these differences can actively express the connotation and characteristic of different culture.A.Chinese table mannersChinese table manners of families have no intrinsic quality even there ar e different region and position. No matter three meals a day or guest’s arrival, always bowls with chopsticks, food with soup. There is no rule for how to put the tableware. What people care about more are not the gor geous tableware but the sumptuous food. People’s dining position reflects the most obvious etiquette of Chinese table man ners. In ancient society, men are supreme, and women are not allowed to sit with men on the same table. Although this is modern society, this kind of ancient etiquette still remains. Today in China, the phenomenon that m en sit on the table before women can be found everywhere. The master of a family usually sits on the first-class seat. The first-class seat is usually near the interior of a room facing to the door. Once there is a guest, the m aster will offer the first-class seat to the guest politely. If it is an ordinarymeal of family, families should start after the elder. If there is a guest, the master offer the food to the guest is essential from the beginning to the en d. And the tradition of urging others to drink is also a special phenomeno n.Even there is no official “table manners’ in china, while there is “eati ng behavior”. Once there is “eating behavior”, there must be some eat ing manners up to standard.Here are some characteristics on Chinese eating:a. Keep your eyes on the meal, especially at the beginning of the meal.b. When eating, keep your bodies forward, and face to your food.c. It is allo wed to spit the bone on the tables.d. When chewing, it is allowed to make some rhythmical noisy of chewin g.e. Traditional Chinese meal doesn’t need the public chopsticks. f. Traditional Chinese meal doesn’t have the sweet snacks after meal.B. Western countries’ table mannersThe biggest difference in table manners between Chinese and western is t he details of table manners can be as clear as the specifications what can e xactly give people correct manners to refer to.Here are several typical manners what can illustrate the rigor of Western-style food.a. The western-style food official drinks the soup posture request to enter in advanced the soup with the ladle to oneself far that one side, then to lea ves the direction which oneself goes far away to delimit lightly abundantl y.b. When dines in the process, if you need to put down the knife, the edge faces oneself assumes in the plate as 10 o’clock shape. The tool bit is the hand of a clock, the hilt is the minute hand ); the jaw buckles in the edge of a sword, the jaw direction 2 o’clock. The knife and fork assumes but actually V glyph. But V glyph knif e and fork places the tray lower part (to depend on your direction).c. The knife with forks parallel places in the plate 5 o'clock positions whe n dines finished. Approximately the knife or forks the total length 1/3 han dle department dew in tray edge exterior. The fork downward buckle on t he plate, the knife’s edge faces to you.d. When eats the bread, must tear down the bread may by an entrance scra p. May not nip directly with the mouth. The butter should in before you p ut in the mouth. Do not wipe beforehand the entire bread the full butter.e. The American tableware arrangement is: Center is big plant for the mai n meal, knife (Altogether three: the sand broach, the main table knife, thefish knife, all knife edges face to left) and spoon in right side./link?url=HpL_gNA VDNgIblqYvc0JzqdpqaDY eo 39fGHQiF4KHZ_fwGSowsFdvBmh-RWJu_zIIwOYIfK68M8InEGNmC 3ihRpp3DlxR_-KonpgGJiuste。

最基本的英语短语

最基本的英语短语最基本的问题在于它还没来，所以宴会不能开始。

下面就由店铺为大家带来关于最基本的英语短语集锦，希望大家能有所收获。

关于最基本的相关英语短语1. This has stripped the contest down to its essentials.这就使比赛精简到最基本的环节。

2. It is essential that you are able to read a thermometer.最基本的是要能看懂温度计。

3. Essentially, vines and grapes need water, heat and light.最基本的是，葡萄藤和葡萄需要水、热和光。

4. We provide 2-person tents and basic cooking and camping equipment.我们提供双人帐篷和最基本的炊具以及露营装备。

5. Access to justice is a basic right.享有司法公正是一项最基本的权利。

6. This law will deprive us of our most basic rights.这条法律将剥夺我们最基本的权利.7. One of the most basic requirements for any form of angling is a sharp hook.不管以什么方式钓鱼，有一个锋利的鱼钩都是最基本的要求之一。

8. The most basic facts about him are lost in a fog of mythology.关于他的那些最基本信息离奇地湮没无踪了。

9. They are deprived of the ability to exercise the most rudimentary workers' rights.他们被剥夺了行使最基本的工人权利的资格。

新时代商务英语综合教程学生用书1

新时代商务英语综合教程学生用书1全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1A New Era Comprehensive Business English Textbook 1Hi there! My name is Timmy and I'm in 4th grade. Our teacher Mrs. Jenkins just got us these brand new textbooks for learning business English. At first, I wasn't too sure about it. Business English? That sounds kind of boring for a kid like me. But after we started using the books, I have to admit, they're actually pretty cool!The textbook is called "A New Era Comprehensive Business English Textbook 1" and it's all in full color with tons of pictures and illustrations. That makes it way more fun than those old black and white textbooks we used to have. The pictures really bring the lessons to life.The book starts off pretty basic, teaching simple phrases and vocabulary words related to business. Things like "Nice to meet you," "Thank you for your time," numbers, days of the week, etc. But it gets more advanced as you go.By the middle of the book, we were learning how to make appointments, place orders, negotiate deals and describe products. Those lessons came with really useful dialogues between business people that showed how the language is actually used. We'd read the dialogues out loud and practice the conversations.My favorite part is all the fun activities and games throughout the book. There are word searches, crossword puzzles, matching exercises and other stuff that makes practicing English way more enjoyable than just reading from the book over and over.One of the neat exercises had us working in small groups to role play being employees at a company. We had to handle situations like scheduling meetings, traveling for work, giving presentations and meeting with clients. It was like real life practice for being a business person!The textbook also has a ton of interesting readings about the business world and famous companies. There are sections on entrepreneurship, marketing, finance and more. It has really opened my eyes to all the different careers you can have and how businesses operate. Maybe I'll even start my own company one day!What I like best though, are all the little tips and advice boxes scattered throughout the lessons. They give great strategies for things like:• How to speak clearly and confidently• Managing meetings effectively• Networking and making connections• Resolving conflict s with coworkers• Negotiating the best dealsThis textbook is just jam-packed with so much good info for building business skills. And the way it's all presented with stories, images and interactive activities makes it something even kids can understand and enjoy.I have to give kudos to the folks at Oxford University Press who created this textbook. They did an awesome job putting it all together in a really engaging way. Seriously, if you'd told me at the beginning of the year that I'd be this excited about a business English book, I wouldn't have believed you!Trust me, this textbook isn't just a boring old collection of vocabulary lists and grammar exercises. It's a complete course that teaches you practical business communication while alsogiving cultural insights into the corporate world. You'll learn all the language you need to thrive professionally.I'm really glad my school decided to use these textbooks. My friends and I are having a blast with all the different activities and role plays. Who knew learning business English could be this much fun?At the same time, I know we're developing really important skills that will help us out huge in the future. Whether we end up working at an office, store, restaurant or running our own businesses, this textbook is setting us up for success.Being able to communicate effectively and understand business concepts at a young age will give us all a big head start in life. Mrs. Jenkins says it will be a valuable asset when we're older and start looking for careers. I'm already feeling a lot more prepared thanks to this awesome textbook.I'd definitely recommend "A New Era Comprehensive Business English Textbook 1" to any elementary schools looking for a engaging, skill-building way to teach English in a professional context. Us kids are loving it so far, and I'm excited to continue working through the rest of the book this year!篇2New Era Business English Integrated Coursebook 1Hello, young learners! Are you ready to embark on an exciting adventure into the world of business English? Fasten your seatbelts because we're about to explore the language of commerce, finance, and international trade in a way that's both fun and educational!Imagine yourself as a young entrepreneur, running your very own lemonade stand. You've got the perfect recipe for the most refreshing lemonade in town, and now you need to attract customers. How would you do that? Well, you'd need to learn some business vocabulary and phrases to promote your product effectively.Let's start with the basics. When you're selling something, you need to know how to describe it. For example, you could say, "Our lemonade is fresh, tangy, and bursting with flavor!" See how those adjectives make your mouth water? That's the power of descriptive language!But that's not all. You'll also need to learn some persuasive language to convince people to buy from you. For instance, you could say, "Try our lemonade today and experience the ultimate refreshment!" or "Quench your thirst with our one-of-a-kind lemonade recipe!"Now, let's talk about customer service. You'll want to make sure your customers feel valued and appreciated. You could greet them with a friendly, "Welcome to our lemonade stand!" or "How can I help you today?" Remember, a smile goes a long way in making people feel comfortable.As your business grows, you might need to hire some help. That's where job advertisements come in. You could create a sign that says, "Lemonade stand seeking enthusiastic and hardworking helpers. Flexible hours and free lemonade included!"But running a business isn't just about making money. It's also about giving back to the community. You could organize a charity event where a portion of your lemonade sales goes to a good cause. You could call it "Lemonade for a Cause" or "Sip for a Smile."As you can see, the world of business English is vast and exciting. From marketing strategies to customer relations, financial management to community outreach, there's so much to learn and explore.So, what are you waiting for? Let's continue our journey together and discover the endless possibilities of businessEnglish. Who knows, maybe one day you'll be running a global lemonade empire!篇3A New Kind of TextbookHi everyone! My name is Emma and I'm 10 years old. I just started using this really cool new textbook called "Comprehensive Business English for the New Era Student's Book 1" and I wanted to tell you all about it!First of all, the name is kind of long, but I like that it's straightforward about what the book covers - business English for modern times. I'm not a business person yet since I'm still a kid, but my parents say it's never too early to start learning important skills. Plus, English is one of the main languages used in business around the world, so getting good at it can open up lots of opportunities later on.The textbook itself is really colorful and engaging. It's got tons of pictures, graphics, dialogues and activities throughout. I know some textbooks can be kind of dry and boring, but this one totally isn't! The lessons are set up almost like little stories, following recurring characters in different workplace situations. Itmakes it way more interesting to learn when you can follow a narrative.For example, in one lesson two co-workers named Michael and Sophia have to collaborate on an important presentation. It walks through how they set up a meeting, divide up tasks, deal with any misunderstandings or conflicts, and ultimately prepare their materials. Along the way, it teaches tons of useful vocabulary, grammar and pragmatics for things like scheduling, negotiating, giving suggestions and so on. Super practical stuff that I can definitely see myself needing later in life!Another part I like is that it incorporates a lot of Chinese cultural elements and references. Some textbooks make everything seem so western-centric, but this one uses familiar examples and scenarios that are relevant to my actual environment here in China. That makes the material a lot more relatable and easier for me to engage with.The book also comes with tons of supplementary resources like audio recordings, video clips, online exercises and even some basic coding activities. I really appreciate how it uses multimedia and interactive elements to reinforce the lessons in different formats. It caters to various learning styles beyond just reading texts.Overall, what I've loved most so far is how practical and applicable all the content feels. It's not just some dry, theoretical overview of business concepts. The lessons systematically build important communication skills like giving presentations, participating in meetings, negotiating deals, corresponding over email, and so much more. I can totally picture myself needing abilities like those when I start my own career someday.I'll admit, some of the more advanced sections on things like accounting, investments and international trade have gone a bit over my head so far. But the great thing is that this is amulti-level series, so I can keep building on the foundations as I get older. For now, I'm focusing on mastering the basics like introducing myself professionally, talking about my skills and interests, discussing workplace culture, and so on.My parents seem really impressed that I'm getting exposed to this kind of content at my age. From their perspective, they wish they had access to materials like this when they were kids to get a head start. Maybe I'll even be able to help them out with some work English situations in the future!Who knows, this could be setting me up for all kinds of exciting potential careers later on - international businesswoman, translator, educator, entrepreneur...the possibilities seem wideopen. I'm just grateful to have such an engaging resource that makes me genuinely excited to crack open my textbook and learn.For any other kids out there who think English or business concepts seem intimidating, I'd highly recommend giving this book a look. It does such a great job of making the content feel approachable, practical and even fun. And it's never too early to start building skills that could open up awesome opportunities in the global marketplace someday. Thanks for listening to me go on about my new favorite textbook. Let me know if you decide to check it out too!篇4Learning Business English is Fun!Hey there! My name is Timmy and I'm here to tell you all about learning business English. You might be thinking "Ugh, that sounds so boring!" But trust me, it's actually really cool and useful. Let me explain why.First off, have you ever watched movies or TV shows where people are in big fancy offices, wearing suits and ties, and talking about important business stuff? It always seems so grown-up and interesting, doesn't it? Well, by learning business English,you'll be able to understand what they're saying and maybe even join in the conversation one day!Imagine being able to talk about things like marketing strategies, financial reports, and international trade like a pro. You'll impress all your friends and family with your big vocabulary and mature way of speaking. They'll be like, "Wow, Timmy is so smart and grown-up!"But it's not just about sounding fancy. Learning business English can also help you in the future when you start your own business or get a cool job at a company. You'll know all the right words to use when you're negotiating deals, giving presentations, or writing important emails. That's pretty awesome, right?Now, let me tell you about some of the fun things you'll learn in our business English class. We'll cover topics like:Networking and making professional connections. This is like making new friends, but in a more grown-up way.Business etiquette and professionalism. Basically, how to act properly in a business setting, so you don't accidentally burp or pick your nose in front of important people.Business writing, like emails, reports, and proposals. You'll learn how to write clearly and persuasively, which is a super useful skill for school and life in general.Giving presentations and public speaking. This might seem scary, but we'll practice in a fun and supportive environment. Plus, you'll learn how to use cool visual aids like PowerPoint slides and charts.And so much more! We'll cover things like marketing, finance, and international business too.But don't worry, it's not all just boring lectures and textbooks. Our class will be interactive and engaging, with lots of games, role-playing activities, and group projects. We'll even go on field trips to see real businesses in action!So, what do you think? Are you ready to join me on this exciting journey into the world of business English? It's going to be a blast, and you'll learn so many valuable skills that will help you in school, your future career, and life in general.Let's do this! Who's with me?篇5My New English Book Is So Much Fun!Hello everyone! My name is Emma and I'm 8 years old. I love learning new things, especially when it comes to languages. Recently, my teacher gave us a brand new English book called "New Era Business English Integrated Course Student Book 1" and I'm so excited about it!At first, I was a bit confused by the "Business English" part. I thought it would be all about boring stuff like numbers and office work. But boy, was I wrong! This book is packed with so many interesting topics and activities that make learning English a blast.Let me tell you about some of the cool things I've learned so far. In the first unit, we talked about introducing ourselves and greeting others. It was fun practicing different ways to say "hello" and learning about polite expressions. My favorite part was when we played a game where we had to walk around the classroom, introduce ourselves to our classmates, and ask them questions like "What's your name?" and "How are you today?"Another unit I really enjoyed was about colors and shapes. We learned the names of all the colors in English, and then we had to find objects in the classroom that matched each color. It was like a treasure hunt! We also played a game where we had to describe different shapes without using their names, and ourpartners had to guess what we were talking about. It was a bit tricky at first, but it really helped me practice my descriptive skills.But you know what's really cool about this book? It doesn't just focus on vocabulary and grammar. It also teaches us about different cultures and customs around the world. In one unit, we learned about famous landmarks and traditions from various countries. We even got to try some traditional snacks from different regions! It was so much fun and made me want to travel the world one day.The book also has a lot of fun activities and games that help us practice what we've learned. There are crossword puzzles, word searches, and even little stories or conversations that we can act out with our classmates. It's like we're not just studying English, but also having a great time together.One of my favorite parts of the book is the little cartoon characters that appear throughout the lessons. They're so cute and funny! Sometimes they tell jokes or give us tips on how to remember certain words or phrases. It's like having a little English-speaking buddy guiding us through the book.Overall, I'm having a blast with "New Era Business English Integrated Course Student Book 1." It's making learning Englishso much more enjoyable and interesting than I ever thought possible. I can't wait to see what other exciting topics and activities are in store for us as we continue through the book.If you're a kid like me who wants to learn English in a fun and engaging way, I highly recommend this book. It's not just about memorizing boring words and rules, but about exploring the world through language and having a great time while doing it. So, what are you waiting for? Let's dive into the wonderful world of English together!篇6New Era Comprehensive Business English Textbook 1Hi everyone! My name is Emily and I'm going to tell you all about learning business English. It's super important for when we grow up and get jobs. My teacher says we have to start learning it now so we can be really good at it later.First of all, what even is business English? It's the kind of English that people use when they work at companies and have meetings and do important business stuff. It's a little different from the English we use when we're just talking to our friends and families.One big part of business English is giving presentations. Can you imagine having to get up in front of a whole bunch of grown-ups and talk for a long time without messing up? It's really hard! But my teacher is helping us practice. We have to make PowerPoint slides and everything.Another important thing is writing emails and letters. In the business world, you can't just send texts and emojis like we do with our friends. You have to write formal emails using fancy words and being super polite and professional. It's kind of funny to think about, but that's how it works!Speaking of fancy words, we're also learning a lot of business vocabulary. Words like "strategic", "revenue", "stakeholders"...I'm not even sure what some of them mean yet! But my teacher says we'll get the hang of it if we keep practicing.Oh, and get this - there are different styles of business English depending on what country you're in! Like, the way they speak in business meetings in America is a little bit different from England or Australia. We're mostly learning American business English in my class. My teacher says it's the most common.Another big focus is on business writing skills. We've been working on how to write reports, proposals, memos and all that important documentation that businesses need. It's a lot ofserious writing practice, not like the fun stories we normally do in English class.Then there are things like negotiating, networking, giving presentations...wow, now that I think about it, we're covering a ton of stuff! No wonder my teacher says mastering business English takes a long time. She makes us do roleplaying activities too, where we pretend to be bosses and employees. It's actually kind of fun to playact as a grown-up for a change.One more thing I'll mention - my teacher is really big on teaching us proper business etiquette and how to be professional. She's always reminding us to make eye contact, have a firm handshake, speak clearly and confidently. She says those little things make a huge impression in the business world.Phew, I could probably go on, but I think you get the idea! Learning business English is no joke. It's a whole different language in a lot of ways. We're just kids, but my teacher wants to make sure we get a really solid head start. Who knows, maybe some of us will grow up to be big business leaders or international entrepreneurs someday!Well, that's all I've got for now. Let me know if you have any other questions! I'll leave you with one of the fancy businesswords I've learned..."Synergy!" Yeah, I'm not totally sure what it means yet, but it sounds super important, doesn't it?。

英国绅士礼仪的英文介绍

general etiquetteOne only needs to take a quick glance around to notice that there are very few true gentlemen remaining among us. In times past, a gentleman was much appreciated and being gentlemanly was a noble thing.Alas, things have changed in today's society; some for the better and some for the worse. One thing that particularly irks me is the lack of good taste and etiquette most guys are guilty of at the turn of this new millennium.I'm not saying that men should act like robots and be slaves to etiquette, but some basic good manners will go a long way in helping you during your ascent to the top.What I've done is compile a quick list of tips that will help turn even the most blundering fool into a proper gentleman. Follow these simple tips and I can assure you that people will perceive you as a man of good breeding and taste, hence a man they wish to associate and conduct business with. Not to mention the fact that the ladies are always quite pleased to meet a real gentleman.general etiquetteAlways be politeEven if you don't like someone, there is no need to lower yourself to their level. Be polite and courteous; show that you're the better man.Do not curseSwearing is a big no-no. It shows that you don't have the vocabulary to express your thoughts appropriately. Furthermore, it is always very crude and impolite to be vulgar.Do not speak loudlyWhen you speak loudly, it raises the stress level among company. It always implies that you can't reason with people and rely on "brute force" to get your point across. It also draws attention -- negative attention.Do not lose your temperWhen you lose your temper, you are showing everyone that you can't control your emotions. If you can't even control yourself, then how can you possibly control anything elseKeep your cool at all times it won't be easy but it is worth the effort and people will take positive note of your levelheadedness.Do not stareOgling someone is the equivalent of psychological aggression. You don't want to intimidate people for no reason.Do not interruptLet people finish what they are saying before adding your comments. Interrupting others is a sign of poor etiquette and a lack of social skills. If you want to come across as egotistical, you can do so by constantly interrupting.Do not spitA lot of men do this almost subconsciously. Spitting is very crude and not too pretty to look at. Do not spit in public unless you want to look like you were raised in a sewer.Respect your eldersIn fact, you should respect others as you would like them to respect you. I am specifying elders because it seems that today, young men think they know it all. Well, they don't. Just think of yourself five years ago... you're much smarter and experienced today, aren't youOf course, yet you thought you knew it all five years ago.Do not laugh at others' mistakesThis is perhaps one of the cruelest things one can do. When you mess up, the last thing you want is for someone not only to bring it to your attention, but to ridicule you on top of that.Remove your hat indoorsThis rule seems to have gone out the window these days. You should remove your headwear upon entering a building. Furthermore, never keep your hat on while at the dinner table. It reflects very poor etiquette.Wait for seating before eatingWhen sitting down for a meal, you should wait until all the guests are properly seated and ready to commence the meal before eating. Everyone should start dining at the same time; this is a subtle but very important rule.the basics of chivalryIn addition to the aforementioned rules, gentlemen in training should follow these additional rules when in the presence of a lady. Chivalry may be on life support, but it is not dead yet. Be one of the few to keep this flame burning for many years to come.Always open doorsThis is perhaps the most basic rule of male etiquette out there. It is also one of the easiest to follow so you have no reason to forget it. Whether she is about to enter your car, restaurant, club, or anyplace with a door, you should always hold it open. If there are many doors, then hold them open one after the other.Put on her coatAlways help a lady put on her coat or overgarment. This is a simple but powerful action.Help with her seatIf an unaccompanied lady is sitting next to you, it is important that you help her be seated by pulling her chair out for her and gently pushing it back into place, with the lady seated of course.Give up your seatIf a lady arrives at the table and there are no available seats, you should stand up and offer yours to her.Stand at attentionAlways stand when a lady enters or exits the room. This rule has been somewhat relaxed, so you can stand upon entrance but remain seated upon exit. Nonetheless, if you can do both, you should.Give her your armWhen escorting a lady that you know to and from social events, you should offer her your arm. This is a little more intimate, but serves well when walking on uneven ground -- especially if she's wearing high heels.Ask if she needs anythingThis is one that most guys already do, but helps complete the gentleman in all of us nevertheless. When at social events, make sure to ask the lady if you can get her something to drink or eat, depending on the event. Show her that you care about her comfort and needs.Gentlemen, if I may call you that, these are the rules of etiquette you should observe in everyday life. Elevate yourself above the rabble and display the mannerisms of a true gentleman. The world will appreciate such a rarity and your career will most definitely benefit from your good manners and savoir-faire .。

basic用法

basic用法"Basic"这个词在英语中具有多种含义和用法，它可以用作形容词、名词或副词，根据上下文的不同，其基本含义和用法也会有所变化。

以下是对"basic"的一些常见用法的详细解释。

首先，"basic"作为形容词，最常见的含义是“基本的”或“基础的”。

它通常用来描述某事物是必不可少的、最简单的或最初的形态。

例如，在教育中，我们可能会说“basic math”（基础数学），意指数学学科的基础部分。

在科技领域，"basic programming"（基础编程）则指的是编程的基本原则和技巧。

其次，"basic"也可以作为名词使用，通常指的是“基本原理”或“基础知识”。

例如，在生物学中，学习"the basics of biology"（生物学的基本原理）是理解更复杂概念的基础。

此外，"basic"还可以用作副词，意思是“基本上”或“大体上”。

在这种情况下，它通常用来修饰动词或形容词，表示某种程度或范围。

例如，"The company's revenue is basically stable."（公司的收入基本上保持稳定。

）除了上述用法，"basic"在日常对话中还可以用作非正式的称呼，表示对某人的尊重或礼貌。

例如，在餐厅中，服务员可能会说“What would you like for your basic dish?”（您想要什么基础菜品？）总之，"basic"是一个用途广泛的词，可以用作形容词、名词或副词，根据上下文的不同，其基本含义和用法也会有所变化。

无论是在学术、工作还是日常生活中，"basic"都是一个重要的词汇，它帮助我们理解和描述事物的最基本和核心的部分。

高中英语话题练习商务英语常识business etiquette

BUSINESS ETIQUETTEBASICSMARCH 16, 2021STUDENT LEVEL:B1 (Intermediate)Lesson OverviewIn this Business English lesson plan for adults, students watch a video and do a listening exercise about the basics of business etiquette. It includes discussion questions and conversation activities about business and professional etiquette. Students learn some important vocabulary terms and phrases from the video. The post-viewing section includes activities on vocabulary context usage, parts of speech and prefixes, and rewriting sentences. The grammar activity features defining clauses with the conjunction "although". There are additional speaking tasks included, as well as a quiz and review section with a bonus activity.Lesson InstructionsComplete activities Preview (I) - Preview (II) with students. Then watch the video together with your students. Instruct students not to write during the video - only watch (so that students don’t miss important information while the video is playing). Then, complete the viewing comprehension activity. Find the full, original Fluentize version of this lesson with the remaining post-viewing activities for the lesson plan on Fluentize.On Fluentize, you’ll also get the interactive lesson plan which is ideal for teachers and students who do lessons online. The interactive lesson is in digital format, allowing students to type, write, and mark answers in the actual lesson materials.PREVIEW ACTIVITY (I)Work with a partner, group, or teacher. Do the activities below together.PART I: What does“business etiquette” mean? Choose the correct answer below.a. Goals and strategies that can help a business grow and succeedb.Supplies and materials that are necessary to have in the workplacec.Manners and behaviors that are expected within the workplaceDiscuss proper business etiquette that comes to mind for......meeting someone new | ...speaking with others | ing your smartphonePART II: Write the indicated parts of speech and correct prefixes for the sentences below.EX. I didn’t understand the task instructions clearly, so I made a few mistakes.My misunderstanding of the task instructions resulted in a few mistakes.(noun)1 If your colleagues are rude to you, you may feel like they don’t respect you.If your colleagues are rude to you, you may feel _____________________ .(participial adjective)2 It’s hard to work with people who don’t cooperate well.It’s hard to work wi th people who are really _____________________ .(adjective)PART III:Test your knowledge of the adjectives below and match them with their definitions.1 _____ annoyed a. valued or respected2 _____ bossy b. a little angry or irritated3 _____ appreciated c. always telling others what to do4 _____ vital d. strongly focused on and involved5 _____ engaged e. very importantPART IV: Discuss the questions below about the image.1What are the people doing in the image?2In what kinds of situations is it expected to do this?3Why is it important to do this?PREVIEW ACTIVITY (II)PART I: Choose the correct definition for the vocabulary words as used in the sentences.1My job interview went really w ell. I think it’s likely that I’ll be hired.likely means... a. impossible b. not probable c. highly probable2 Business etiquette and customs vary across different cultures.vary means... a. differ b. create c. manage3 You should always try to show up on time for professional meetings.show up means... a. inform b. increase c. arrive4 When my co-workers talk and socialize loudly in the office it irritates me.irritate means... a. make someone very surprised or shockedb. make someone a little angry or annoyedc. make someone feel important5 Honesty and respect will help you build healthy relationships in business.honesty is... a. the quality of being lazyb. the quality of being truthfulc. the quality of being talkative6 My boss treats the male employees a bit better than the female employees.treat means... a. complain or talk negatively about someoneb. act or behave in a particular way toward someonec. try to make someone believe an opinionPART II: Write the missing word in the second sentence of each sentence pair below so that it expresses the same meaning as the sentence above it.1My client wrote me an email and it sounded very polite and friendly.My client wrote me an email with a polite and friendly __________________ .2 It’s important to look people in the eyes when speaking at meetings.It’s important to make eye __________________ when speaking at meetings.3 During important work discussions, make sure you listen carefully to others.During important work discussions, give others your full __________________ . Bonus Phrase!make a strong impression = make yourself look good or create a positive mental imageEXAMPLE At your job interview today, try to make a strong impression. Basics of Business EtiquettePREVIEW DISCUSSIONWhat comes to mind when you think of a good “company culture”?If you work for a company, describe the culture of that company.GO TO VIDEOVIEWING ACTIVITYPART I: Write short answers according to the information in the video.0:01 1What is the definition of “business etiquette”?____________________________________________________________________________________ --- 2 What are a few examples of basic business etiquette discussed in the video?____________________________________________________________________________________1:13 3 What should you do with your smartphone during conversations with others? Why?_____________________________________________________________________________ _______PART II: Choose true or false according to the information in the video.0:08 1 TRUE / FALSE The basics of business etiquette are very different in everycountry.0:23 2 TRUE / FALSE It's recommended that you show up late for meetings.1:23 3 TRUE / FALSE Your business etiquette can have a big impact on your career. PART III: In the video, the narrator talks about using smartphones in business settings. He says...“In a business setting, it's best to use your smartphone sparingly.”What does “sparingly” mean in the sentence above?plain or talk negatively about someoneb. act or behave in a particular way toward someonec. try to make someone believe an opinionPOST-VIEWING ACTIVITIESDownload the full lesson plan with all of the Post-Viewing Activities + Quiz & Review for FREE on Fluentize! Our Post-Viewing sections feature activities on follow-up conversational material, vocabulary context usage, prefixes / parts of speech, grammar, a quiz & review, and a teacher’s guide.。

基础的英语怎么说

基础的英语怎么说基础指建筑底部与地基接触的承重构件，它的作用泛指把建筑上部的荷载传给地基。

因此地基必须坚固、稳定而可靠。

那么，你知道基础的英语怎么说吗?基础的英文释义：foundationbasebasiselementsunderstructureground water基础的英文例句：重工业的稳固发展为这些进展打下了基础。

These developments are underpinned by solid progress in heavy industry.我们是在试验的基础上得出这个结论的。

We drew this conclusion on the basis of experiments.共产主义是以马克思主义为基础。

Communism is based on Marxism.美满的婚姻是建立在互相信任的基础上的。

A good marriage is based on trust.我知道原生质是动物和植物的基础。

I know the protoplasm is the basis of all animals and plants.许多语言都以拉丁语为基础。

Many languages have Latin as their base.建立在商务基础上的友谊胜过建立在友谊基础上的商务。

A friendship founded on business is better than business founded on friendship.大学是以学科为基础建构起来的学术组织,学科建设是大学的基础性建设。

The university is an academic organization built on the basis of the discipline.用一点时间学习基础知识，为你需要的打好基础。

Take a little time to learn the basics to build the solid foundation you need大规模的暴力行动有使政府基础为之动摇的危险。

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事业基础的根本原则
--- 报连相---
营运长-犬冢友康
4/17/2005 给在营运部门的每一个人,
这是几天前我与你们沟通会议上所说的’报连相’观念的摘要. 由于会议上没能将’报连相’讲得仔细, 所以就我答应的, 将这篇翻成中文的概要与大家分享.
我相信这对你与你的组员将会帮助良多, 因为’报连相’是使你工作运转顺利的一连串不可少之行动. 我相信大多数关键部分已被涵盖在内并且对你很有帮助. 如果你能实践, 你将获
益良多. 如果你能精通, 成功已在手中.
2005的今年, 我们继续挑战高于去年的目标. 好的’报连相’将帮助我们以最少的力、最快的速度达到目标.
再次强调“HouRenSou (报连相)”是帮助你事业上成功的技巧.
1)“报连相”是事业基础的根本原则
在公司组织中, 一个人缺少和他人的互动, 是没办法将事情完成的. 你一定有和同事、部属、上司和其它人等或多或少的互动, 直到事情完成. 为了工作能不出错并及时顺利完成, “HouRenSou” (报告连络相谈)是你需要掌握的最重要工作技巧之一.
“HouRenSou (报连相)是3个不同日文单字的缩写: 报告(Reporting), 连络(Communication), 相谈(Asking advice). 在日本常说’报连相’是事业基础的根本原则. 日文的’报连相’发音
是’hou-ren-sou’ 和日文菠菜的发音是相同的. 这更突显出了’hou-ren-sou’在日本的重要性. 2)“报连相”的目的
․得到适当的指示与消息, 减少失败风险并有效率的完成工作. 借着适时的报告工作状况(如问题、结果等)给老板(举例), 确保进行的方向没问题.
․借着’报连相’可以在你方向错误、跌入深崖前, 及时修正. 否则在你离正途太远或是在做出
错误决定后, 就亡羊补牢为时晚矣. 这就是为什么说实时的’报连相’对你将事情做好是多么重要了.
․你仍然必须在自己的工作领域表现得像个主人(主导者). 但是好的’报连相’会将工作上的失
败减到最小, 并给你学习将工作有效率地做好的机会.
․在做事的同时与相关人员做及时而适切的沟通是使工作成功不可少的步骤之一. 它在许多不同方面将会或多或少影响你的工作. 你必须总是确认在工作过程中有良好的沟通.
Reporting (报告)
报告的质量对工作的结果影响很大. 所以对你的报告需时时确保在最好的状态并建议温习你这方面的技能.
․时间的掌控是报告中重要的质量之一。

如果要让这个报告受到瞩目，必须要对报告的时间长短审慎处理。

如果要让这个报告受到高度瞩目，刚刚好的报告是绝对必要的。

․每个人的日常工作都很忙碌，没有无限的时间作报告. 必须记住: 即使你没被要求报告, 你也总是需要在特定期限内报告你所需要报告的事项.
․为了让你的报告出色, 你必须事先准备好. 了解你的报告内容并预先在脑海里整理一下, 做个摘要.
․在自己没有预先对报告内容自我诠释、了解或摘要前, 就将你所有和所知的每件事一股脑儿通通报告, 这样是一点也不好的, 而且很容易混淆你报告的对象.
․你可以就你提供的内容, 很容易的误导你报告的对象. 须很谨慎! 尤其对你提供的数据要敏感., 提报告前必再三检查.
․当需要报告时, 总是要想什么是’最好的’时机、’最好的’数据值、’最好的’资料等.
․对于你报告的内容要负责, 即使你是中间人(介于你所报告的对象与你要求数据/数据的对象). 报告的内容是你的责任. 对于你要求他人提供给你当报告的数据, 你也要了解. 在报告前检查细节, 你就能提供任何问题的答案.
․报告的形式须适当. 视情况而有可能是口头报告也有可能是书写的报告. 一些情况下报告必须有适切的数据(图表、照片等)使它易于了解. 眼见为凭. 一个报告搭配图片可在一分钟内完成; 相反的, 一个报告没有图片, 可能得花10分钟的时间.
․书写的报告要是A4形式, 1-2页最佳. 在日复一日的工作繁忙下, 没人愿意读一份10-20页的报告.
․我也建议您可以在报告中使用数据/数字. 在工作中使用主观的字眼如大、小、高等等并不好, 因为不同的人有不同的想法. 你的’大’对他/她来说并不一定是’大’.
․报告时请记得利用基本的”5个W1个H”: 何时(When), 何地(Where), 和什么人(Who), 做什么事(What), 为什么(Why), 如何做(How).
․当你报告时, 客户就是你报告的对象. 别只顾自己, 总是要想什么对客户最好. 假如他们不知道你在说什么, 这不是一件小事, 而是因为你做得不好. 你总是要想他们要什么并试着达到要求.
Communicating 连络(联络)
无疑的, 大部分都知道, 沟通不良会制造许多问题直到你工作结束. 这可以很清楚地说明,
实时适切地和相关人员沟通对你工作不失败是多么重要. 所以重视自已好的沟通会让你的生活更容易, 并增加工作成功的机率..
․整体讲, 多沟通比少沟通好. 沟通的时机和报告的时机ㄧ样重要. 当事情将改变或已经改变, 你就必须立即和相关人员展开沟通.
․当你透过沟通, 要他人帮你做事时, 不要认为他/她对你所沟通或所讲的很了解. 透过沟通让他人了解并不是一件容易的工作.
․要他人帮你做事时, 必须记住持续和双向沟通的重要性直到确定他们真的了解. 如果只是单向沟通, 其效益是很低的.
․在日本, 当你要他人做你希望能做好的事情时, 有很好的形容字句. 那就是1)告诉他如何去做2) 示范如何去做3) 让他/她去做4) 当他/她完成时给予赞美. 这点出沟通的重要性，让你能在公司或机构中好好的完成工作.
Asking advices (相谈- 商量)
在适当的时机得到或循求建议, 对完成工作不失败亦很重要.
․当你相谈(商量)时, 确定遵循下列指引来达到有效率的相谈. 这样做, 不但节省你的时间, 也节省对方的时间.
- 根据你要相谈(商量)的内容, 尽可能多准备你要分享的, 不管它是什么.
- 在你有了自我认知与了解后, 才能让你想要的东西更清楚
- 在你相谈(商量)前, 也准备你的意见, 让讨论更有效率
․当你需要相谈(商量)时, 下列有大概的指引:
- 当你工作出错或不如你或老板的预期时, 在工作失败前, 你可以借着相谈(商量)修正它.
这也要实时,就像做报告或连络的事一样.. 若在工作失败后才来相谈(商量), 那就太慢了.
常言道我们想要别人做什么, 自已也要这么做才行. 就是要设身处地. (我为人人,人人为我).
以下范例, 你可以很清楚你的选择是A或B. 所以, 你想要看到的报告是哪一种就该以身作则.
哪一種是你想要收到的報告呢
?
一堆文字、數據、頁數，完全沒有井然有序並摘要在A4紙張之1~2
頁報
哪一種人的報告是你喜歡的呢?
很多文字、訊息，但沒有摘要並讓人難
以理解.
井然有序、說明流暢, 並且言之有物.。