2017届上海市松江二中高三上学期开学考试英语试题及答案
2017届高三上学期英语开学考试试卷第3套真题
2017届高三上学期英语开学考试试卷一、阅读理解1. 阅读理解Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.What to ExpectThe host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.Accommodation ZonesHomestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential. Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area. It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.Meal Plans Available◇ Continental Breakfast◇ Breakfast and Dinner◇ Breakfast, Packed Lunch and DinnerIt’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal, bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert, fruit and coffee.FriendsIf you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host’s permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.Self-Catering Accommodation in Private HomesAccommodation on a room only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room. This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practice English at home quite as much.（1）The passage is probably written for________.A . hosts willing to receive foreign studentsB . foreigners hoping to build British cultureC . travelers planning to visit families in LondonD . English learners applying to live in English homes（2）Which of the following will the host provide?A . Room cleaning.B . Medical care.C . Free transport.D . Physical training.（3）What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A . Zone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2.B . Accommodation in the city center is not provided.C . Hosts dislike travelling to the city center.D . The business center of London is in Zone 1.（4）Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation?A . To enrich their knowledge of English.B . To enjoy much more freedom.C . To entertain friends as they like.D . To experience a warmer family atmosphere.2. 阅读理解My 17-year-old daughter went off to college and having her away from home brought back memories of watching Peter Pan when she was little. In the classic TV production, one scene in particular impressed me: when Mrs. Darling puts her children into bed. As she turns off the last of the night light, she takes one last look at the bedroom and says, “Dear night lights, protect my sleeping children.” As a mother, I know how much she loves her children.It has been several weeks since we took our daughter to college and she seems to be adjusting well after a short period of homesickness. For us, though, it’s another story. Like most parents, I love checking in on my children at night. But now she’s gone, and I find night times the hardest. I miss her most at night.In my neighborhood, most of the parents whose kids are off to college are dealing with similar melancholy. My husband is filled with anxiety. One friend talked about getting this sick feeling in her stomach as she prepared for the college drop-off. We complained that many of us were too busy to trulyenjoy being with our children while we had them.For us moms, seeing Toy Story 3 only made the sadness worse as we watched the character Andy, who is the same age as our kids, say goodbye to his childhood as he prepares to leave for college. And it’s not just “first-time” parents like me. Two moms who have kids already well into college said the separation didn’t get any easier. “You feel like something has been taken away from inside you” said one of them.I imagine things will get easier with time, especially as I see my daughter adjust to college life. Meanwhile, as I keep my cell phone close to me in bed and text my daughter goodnight and sweet dreams every night, I like to think that messages serve as a night light that keeps her safe.（1）The writer was deeply impressed by the scene in Peter Pan because ________.A . the scene showed a mother’s deep love for her childrenB . the scene was very exciting and interestingC . the scene taught her and her daughter a good lessonD . she watched the scene with her daughter（2）After her daughter went to college, the writer ________.A . realized she hadn’t done enough for her daughterB . often cried as she miss ed her daughter so muchC . didn’t get used to the change for a long timeD . failed to have a good sleep every night（3）What is the underlined word “melancholy” in Paragraph 3 similar in meaning to?A . Happiness.B . Anger.C . Excitement.D . Sadness.（4）According to the last paragraph, why did the writer keep her cell phone close to her in bed?A . To call her daughter any time.B . To wait for her daughter’s calls.C . To wait for her daughter’s messages.D . To say good night to her daughter.3. 阅读理解A machine that takes sweat-laden clothes and turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in Sweden. The machine makes the clothes turn round quickly, heats them to remove the sweat, and then passes the steam through a kind of special material to make purified water.Since it has been brought into use, its creators say more than 1000 people have drunk others’ “sweat” in Gothenburg. They add the liquid is cleaner than local tap water.The device was built for the United Nations’ child-focused charity UNICEF to promote a campaign highlighting the fact that 780 million people in the world lack access to clean water.The machine was designed and built by the engineer Andreas Hammar, known locally for his appearances on TV tech show “Mekatronik”. He said the key part of the sweat machine was a new water purification part developed by a company named HVR.“It uses a technique called membrane distillation ,” he told the BBC. “We use a special kind of material that only lets steam through but keeps bacteria, salts, clothing fibers and other things out. They have something similar to the International Space Station, but our machine is cheaper to build.The amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is, but one person’s T-shirt typically produces 10ml, about a mouthful.”The device has been put on show at the Gothia Cup-the world’s largest international youth football tournament. Mattias Ronge, chief executive of Stockholm-based advertising agency Deportivo, said the machine had helped raise awareness for UNICEF, but in reality had its limitations.“People haven’t produced as much sweat as we hoped – right now the weather in Gothenburg is lousy,” Mattias Ronge said. “So we’ve equipped the machine with exercise bikes and volunteers are cycling like crazy. Even so, the demand for sweat is greater than the supply. And the machine will never be produced in large numbers, since there are better solutions out there such as water purifying pills.”（1）Which of the following is the disadvantage of the sweat machine?A . It takes too long for the machine to produce water.B . The amount of water the machine produces is rather limited.C . It costs a large amount of money to build the machine.D . The water processed by the machine is not clean enough.（2）UNICEF is mentioned in the text to ________.A . show how the sweat machine worksB . explain why the sweat machine was inventedC . show the importance of the United NationsD . tell us who invented the sweat machine（3）What did Mattias Ronge think of the sweat machine?A . It could only be used in summer.B . It did not work at all.C . It was notworth popularizing.D . The water it produced tasted sweet.（4）The text is written mainly to tell us that ______________.A . a machine which turns sweat into drinking water is inventedB . 780 million people in the world lack access to clean waterC . a better solution to purifying dirty water is discoveredD . the pill which turns dirty water into clean water is produced4. 阅读理解“Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy –they’re given after all. Choices can be hard.” –– Jeff Bezos.I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 pe rcent per year. I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me. I had just turned 30 years old, and I’d been married for a year. I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t work since most start-ups don’t, and I wasn’t sure what to expect. MacKenzie told me I should go for it. As a young boy, I’d been a garage inventor. I’d always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people, and I had a brilliant boss that I much admired. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened carefully to me, and finally said,“That sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn’t already have a good job.” That logic made some sen se to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but ultimately, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.（1）What inspired the author with the idea of building an online bookstore?A . The greatly increasing usage of the Internet.B . The support of his wife.C . His dream of being an inventor.D . Millions of exciting titles.（2）We can know from the passage that _______.A . the boss thought the idea was suitable for the authorB . the author might not regret if he failed the ideaC . the author wanted someone else to try the ideaD . the author might go back to his boss if he failed（3）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A . Cleverness and KindnessB . The Starting of AmazonC . We Are What We ChooseD . Following My Passion二、七选五5. 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2017学年第一学期松江区高三英语一模试卷+答案
松江区2017学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2017.12 I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a concert. B. In a restaurant. C. In a flower shop. D. In a supermarket.2. A. 15. B. 50. C. 85. D. 100.3. A. Excited. B. Interested. C. Entertained. D. Disappointed.4. A. Because her boss will return her the money after seeing the receipt.B. Because her boss asks her to buy a lot of things.C. Because she wants to establish a standard procedure in her company.D. Because she wants to check everything she has bought.5. A. Go on with the chat. B. Review his lessons.C. Connect with his friends.D. Talk with his friends face to face.6. A. He is always in a good mood. B. He has spent more money than expected.C. He is good at playing the piano.D. He’s pleased with his purchase.7. A. Mr. White’s new appointment. B. Mr. White’s vacation.C. An important vacant position.D. How to apply for a job.8. A. Her shoes will be in stock next month.B. She is longing for the shoes that are currently unavailable.C. She is unwilling to wait for a long time.D. She ca n’t bear waiting.9. A. Policeman and car driver. B. Librarian and student.C. Doctor and patient.D. Post clerk and customer.10. A. John will deliver a presentation tomorrow about a new electronic device.B. The clients are very nervous about the quality of the new car.C. Tracy’s presentation is about a type of new electric car.D. Tracy is nervous because this electric car hasn’t received positive feedback before.高三英语第1页共16页Section B （15分）Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11. A. Because man makes us of only 20% of the brain’s capacity.B. Because the other 80% of man’s brain will grow in due time.C. Because man’ brain has grown larger over the past centuries.D. Because man will use his brain more and more as time goes on.12. A. He thinks and feels in different ways.B. He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.C. He has no hair because it is no longer useful.D. His fingers grow weaker because he doesn’t use them.13. A. M an’s life will be different in the future.B. Future man will look different from us.C. Man is growing taller and uglier as time goes by.D. The fun ctions of man’s organs will function as well as today.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Reading magazine articles. B. Preparing book reports.C. Writing research papers.D. Selecting information sources.15. A. Gathering nonrelevant information. B. Stealing another person’s ideas.C. Sharing notes with someone else.D. Handing in assignments late.16. A. In the student’s own words. B. In direct quotations.C. In short phrases.D. In shorthand.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Checking the room. B. Arranging a large conference.C. Running a hotel.D. Handling a complaint.18. A. There is no lavatory paper. B. The toilet doesn’t flush properly.C. The water doesn’t run away in the shower.D. There is no pillow in the room.19. A. Busy. B. Unhappy.C. Excited.D. Hot.20. A. Adjust the regulator. B. fix the toilet and shower.C. Send the lavatory paper.D. Send a cake and fruit.高三英语第2页共16页II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One of my (21) ________ (memorable) vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy, my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life. We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm, (22) ________ (join) in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family. We got up early to see the cows as they (23) ________ (milk). I even tried my hand at milking one, and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing a lifestyle so different (24) ________ my own. It made me realize the value of a vacation.To this day, I wonder (25) ________ that farmer ever managed to enjoy a vacation of his own. There is never a day when the animals don’t need to be fed. But I still think of that family trip when I plan my approach to taking time off with my wife and kids. Vacations are a time for resting and connecting. As a bank manager, I spend much of my workday encouraging my customers to save their money. One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a family vacation every year. In our busy lives, family is what we (26) ________ be saving our money and time for.For my family, our vacation starts when we begin planning the trip. We talk about destinations and our budget ahead of time. Among the things we discuss: Can we save money by renting a house instead of spending six nights in a hotel? Would it be better (27) ________ (buy) groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?(28) ________ (involve) the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all (29) ________ ________ the vacation can work for everyone.Each year, setting aside vacation time to spend together is especially important to us. This is th e one week a year I don’t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes. (30) ________ matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.Section B （10分）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.高三英语第3页共16页高三英语 第4页 共16页The human face is a remarkable piece of work. The astonishing variety of facial 31 helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies. So is the face’s ability to send emotional 32 , whether through a(n) 33 blush or a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility and trust.Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces. In America facial recognition is used by churches to 34 worshippers’ attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a(n) 35 outside a football game. In China it verifies the identities of ride-hailing drivers, 36 tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to 37 the homescreen.Set against human skills, such applications might seem gradual. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the Internet, obviously transform human abilities; facial recognition seems merely to encode them. Although faces are 38 to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, 39 and analyze images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast 40 promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.III. Reading Comprehension Section A （15分）Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.Starbucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”. For Starbucks, the brand had three elements: coffee, the beans the coffee would be of the highest possible quality. Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and 43 service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma (浓香) all 44 the “Starbucks Experience”.Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled. Starbucks prided itself on the “Starbucks Experience”, 45 coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.46 those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee. You get great people, first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and 47 advice on brewing excellent coffee at home. At home you’re part of a family. At work you’re part of a compa ny. And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself. That’s what a Starbucks store has been 48 to creating for its customers —a kind of “third place” where they can 49 , reflect, read, chat or listen.The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea. It was designed by Terry Heckler, who got the 50 from the wooden statue of the sea. Mermaid logo also 51 original and modern meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of 52 : the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets, 53 sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the “Yapi”, the feeling of experience in the 54 life.But the 55 of Starbuc ks is not about the coffee, although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.41.A. people B. managers C. customers D. clients42.A. assured B. promised C. ensured D. predicted43.A. emergency B. environment C. employment D. customer44.A. consisted of B. benefited from C. contributed to D. headed for45.A. going beyond B. coming across C. making up D. depending on46.A. With regard to B. In addition to C. Compared with D. In terms of47.A. general B. reasonable C. legal D. fascinating48.A. committed B. alerted C. subjected D. required49.A. negotiate B. perform C. conceal D. escape50.A. imagination B. inspiration C. patent D. philosophy51.A. creates B. cultivates C. credits D. conveys52.A. brand B. logo C. possession D. experience53.A. greedily B. gently C. persistently D. indifferently54.A. busy B. easy C. miserable D. energetic55.A. product B. vision C. essence D. importance高三英语第5页共16页Section B （22分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Men are as likely as women to suffer from postnatal (产后的) depression, a study shows. One in ten fathers — the same ratios as mothers — are found to suffer before or after birth. By the time their child reaches 12 weeks, as many as one in four are feeling down.The symptoms observed in the American study are not thought to be hormonal — as they are in women — and are instead probably a response to the pressures of fatherhood. These include the expense of having children, changed relationship with partners and fear of paternal (父亲的) responsibility. In the early weeks, the lack of sleep and extra domestic chores also take the toll.The study put the overall rate of depression among new fathers at 10.4 percent — double the estimated 4.8 percent for all men in any 12-month period. Around 8 percent were affected in the 12 weeks before and after birth, according to the Eastern Virginia Medical School Research. The study found parents were more likely to be down if their partner was too.It is estimated that around one in ten women suffers postnatal depression, even if they have never had mental health problems. Without treatment the condition can last for months. Although most women have a few days of “Baby Blues” shortly after birth, postnatal depression can kick in up to six months later. Experts say that paternal depression is serious because it can have “substantial emotional, behavioural and developmental” effects on children.56. The “Baby Blues” effect among fathers may be caused by the following except __________.A. domestic choresB. fatherhood pressureC. paternal responsibilityD. hormone imbalance57. What does the underlined phrase“take the toll”in paragraph 2 mean?A. Cost a lot of money.B. Take the lead.C. Have a bad effect.D. Have no links.58. Which could be the best title for the passage?A. Therapy for DepressionB. Father Getting Baby BluesC. Effects of Father BluesD. Postnatal Recovery高三英语第6页共16页高三英语第7页共16页59. Which way is most suitable for Mary, who can just spare one day to travel around Singapore?A. Night Safari.B. DUCK.C. City Sightseeing.D. Flyer.60. If David and his 9-year-old son are both animal lovers, they had better dial ___________ formore information before their tour.A. 6338-6877B. 6338-6859C. 6338-3311D. 6338-682661. Mr. Smith is going to take his wife, his 13-year-old daughter and his 1-year-old son to visitSingapore at their own leisurely pace, he should get at least ___________ ready.A. $89B. $99C. $91D. $10162. Which organization in Singapore is most likely to issue the information above?A. Education Commission.B. Health Department.C. Transportation Bureau.D. Tourism Bureau.(C)Antibiotics, vaccines, organ transplant and HIV/AIDS treatments are all medical milestones that have indisputably made life better and saved millions of lives. But all these advances and countless others were developed using animals. The latest eye shadow and other cosmetics and industrial chemicals are also developed with animal testing.The lab animal issue has received attention in China in recent years as more people are concerned about animals’ rights. China has no animal welfare laws prohibiting cruelty to animals, but there are standards (1986 and 2006) for humane treatment of lab animals, though these are difficult to enforce.World Day for Laboratory Animals was established in 1979 by the British National Anti-Vivisection Society, memorializing millions of animals that contributed to pure science, medicine, industry, fashion and the cosmetics industry. It’s also a day of action to protest the use of live animals for experiments from lab rats and dogs to cattle and primates (灵长类动物).Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning to raise awareness and demand an end to experimentation with animals, though there are few effective alternatives. The British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection estimates that 100 million vertebrates (脊椎动物) are used in experiments every year, 10 to 11 million in the European Union. This doesn’t include mice, rats, frogs and animals not yet weaned. There are no reliable figures for China where specially bred animals are used extensively for research. Some date indicate around 16 million vertebrates were used in 2006. Three Rs principleThe three Rs are principles for lab animal welfare proposed by microbiologist RL Burch and zo ologist W.M.S. Russel in 1959. They are “reduction, refinement and replacement” and scientists高三英语第8页共16页are encouraged to follow them.*Reduce the number of animals by improving experimental techniques and increasing information sharing among researchers.*Refine experiments and treatment to reduce suffering; use less invasive techniques, improve care and living conditions.*Replace experiments on live animals with alternative testing where possible.“But the three Rs suggests general acquiescence (默许) in animal experimentation,” says astatement by Animal Rights in Chine (ARC), set up in 2006 by over 3000 campaigners who have been urging the use of alternatives.The alternatives activists advocate include using cell cultures instead of whole animals, using phototoxicity tests on chemicals to predict their effects on humans, using computer models, studying human volunteers and working on isolated tissues. These approaches can be useful but they can’t provide the answers that animal research can.“Animal experiment ation is a basic, very important method in life science study and biomedical research and in some specific fields, so it is irreplaceable,” says Yang Fei, deputy director of the Animal Experimentation Department of Fudan University. Yang has worked on regulating and standardizing animal testing for over 15 years.He says testing on primates is still necessary because their immune system is very similar to that of humans. They are needed to develop drugs for malaria, HIV/AIDS and infections such as SARS, he says, though admitting the approach is not perfect.63. According to the passage, ___________ may not be related to animal testing.A. Cough mixturesB. Genetically modified riceC. Dior LipsticksD. Artificial livers64. World Day for Laboratory animals was set up for the following reasons except ___________.A. to call for better experimental techniques to reduce sufferingsB. to memorialize the animals sacrificed in the labsC. to raise awareness of animal rightD. to offer the activists a chance to raise their objections to the use of animals’ forexperiments65. Why W.M.S Russel advocated researchers to share more information?A.Because researchers can better cooperate with each other to eliminate animal testing.B. Because researchers can turn to alternatives to replace animal testing.C. Because researchers can avoid repeating similar testing on animals.D. Because researchers can make the animal testing more effective.66. ___________ is the biggest obstacle to cancelling animal testing.A. Lack of enough fundB. Lack of human awarenessC. Lack of supportive statisticsD. Lack of effective alternatives高三英语第9页共16页Section C （8分）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Overnight, eating fried chicken in the People’s Square is OUT; instead, people started to drink HEEKCAA and eat Bao Master. This year, the qu eues in front of the doors of “Wanghong delicacies” were so dense that a cup of tea has been hyped to over 80 Yuan by scalpers (黄牛) and local bloggers even customized a one-day tour to eat in Shanghai.To a great extent, W anghong phenomenon depends on merchants’ business strategy. ______67______. Business also works on publicity. Before HEEKCAA’s arrival in Shanghai, it has advertised through microblog, local life service and other self-media, which has generated a certain amount of heat among the public. Once people make the purchase, the “sense of accomplishment” will urge some of them to show off at their Wechat moments, which is good for brand image. Also, when a product is quickly recognized by consumers, capitals will come in great numbers. The boost of capitals undoubtedly helps the subsequent publicity of the brand.______68______. In the Internet era, the spread of information is so fast that it doesn’t matter whether the tea tastes good or bad; it’s just a matter of whether you ever drink it. There is a word for this behavior —“fomo”, which means fear of missing out. Oxford University professor said this is not new. As social animals, humans have a strong desire to be part of a group, to be accepted, recognized, valued and remembered. A little baby cries for a hug and a child makes small trouble to get noticed. These behaviors are, in the eyes of sociologists, anxious for existence. It’s just that social media today that make it easier for people to perceive other pe ople’s lives, and have a sense of loss not to join them when they know what others are doing.10-20 Yuan is the exchange value of milk tea, but it’s the symbol va lue of the goods that encourages people to “pull the grass”. Just like the lipstick, mailbox a nd graffiti wall that have been on the list of Wanghong, people want to use relatively controllable spending to gain satisfaction from a moments’ thumb up. ______69______.With the development of society, consumers are not just buying a product but its brand culture and quality of life, so the appearance of light consuming is inevitable. However, “Wanghong economy” is always short-lived because this consumer group is changeable in affection. Consumers who co me by “physical attractiveness” will quickly vanis h if there is no implicit value or connotation to support. ______70______. Besides, consumers should make rational consumption instead of just following the trend.高三英语第10页共16页IV. Summary Writing （10分）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.Certainly, most of the world’s great religions order us to be open hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.V. Translation （15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我们在国外旅游时，应当遵循当地的风俗。
2017届高三级英语科期初入学考试试卷
2017届高三级英语科期初入学考试试卷注意事项：1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
因测试不考听力，第I卷从第二部分的‚阅读理解‛开始，试题序号从‚1‛开始。
2.回答第I 卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。
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4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
AWinnie-the-PoohBy neWinnie-the-Pooh has been introduced and reintroduced to generation after generation as a model of a child’s best friend. However, not everyone has found Pooh is lovely. This classic has been bannedin a variety of countries at one point.So why would anyone ever like to keep children from, the joy of Milne’s classic? In the case of Russia, Minnie-the-Pooh was banned in 2009 because of allege(所谓的)Nazi（纳粹党的）ties.The Wonderful wizard of OzBy L. Frank BaumOriginally published in the year 1900, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is one of the foundations of the fairytale genre. Who, then, would seek to ban a book that has become so important to the American experience?America is that who.The Detroit Library banned The wonderful Wizard of Oz in 1957 for allegedly having no value for children. Charlotte’s WebBy E.B. WhiteWhite’s tale of the relationship between two unexpected creatures, a spider and a pig, has been drawing children in for over half a century. Published in 1952, the classic has been readily displayed on most library shelves for children to read. However, some people would like to make this book never see thelight of the day.In one extreme case, a school in England banned Charlotte’s Web for fear that the pig Wilbur might be offensive(冒犯的) to Muslim students. Fortunately, the Muslin Council of Britain saw the foolishness of this ban, so the book was quickly put back to their rightful place on the shelves.Where the Wild Things AreBy Maurice SendakThough it’s been published for fifty years, this book hasn’t always been really found in libraries and in stores. After its release, Where the Wild Things Are was banned in libraries all across the U. S. for its dark tone and unruly lead character. Some parents felt obviously uncomfortable about Max, the story’s main character. Nowadays, you’ll find far fewer libraries that still hold this ban.1.The books which were once banned in the same country are .A.Charlotte’s Web and The Wonderful Wizard of OzB.Where the Wild Things Are and Winnie-the-PoohC.Where the Wild Things Are and The Wonderful Wizard of OzD.Winnie-the-Pooh and Charlotte’s Web2.Wilbur is the character of the book .A. Charlotte’s Web.B. The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.C. Winnie-the-Pooh.D. Where the Wild Things Are.3.Who are the intended readers of the four books mentioned in the passage?A. Parents.B. Children.C. Teachers.D. Critics.BFrom my earlier memory of Mother it somehow seemed quite natural to think of her as different, nor of everyday things as Father was. In those days he was a young-looking man. He did not hesitate to make friends with children as soon as they were able to talk to him and laugh at his stories. Mother was older than he was. She must have been a woman of nearly forty, but she seemed even older. She changed little for a long time, showing no indication of growing old at all until, towards the end of her life, she suddenly became an old lady.I was always inquisitive about Mother’s age. She never had birthdays like other people, nor did anyone else in our family. No candles were ever lit or cakes made or presents given in our house. To my friends in the street who talked delightfully about their birthday parties, I would repeat my mother’s words that such celebrations were only foolish.‚Nothing but deception,‛ she would say. ‚As though life can be marked by birthdays. It’s deeds, not years, that matter.‛Although I often repeated her words and even prided myself on not having birthdays, I once could not help asking Mother when she was born.‚I was born. I’m alive as you can see, so what more do you want to know？‛ she replied, so sharply that I never asked her about her age again.In so many other ways Mother was different. Whereas all the rest of the women I knew in the neighboring hoses took pride in their housewifely abilities, their new furniture, the neat appearance of their homes, Mother regarded all those things as of little importance. Our house always looked as if we had just moved in or were about to move out.4.How did Father impress the author？A. He liked writing stories.B. He loved making friends.C. He was a very young man.D. He was popular with children.5.Before the end of her life, Mother .A. looked quite youngB. looked like an old ladyC. looked younger than she wasD. looked like a forty-year-old woman6.What does the word ‚inquisitive‛ in Paragraph2 probably mean？A. CertainB. Curious.C. Cautious.D. Confident.7.What do we learn about Mother？A. She was lazy.B. She was strict.C. She was proud.D. She was specialCIt is only praise or punishment that determines a child’s level of confidence. There are some other important ways we shape our kids-particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words. For example, we can say to a child ‚Don’t run into traffic!‛ pr ‚Stay on the footpath close to me.‛ In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren’t scaring themselves about what not to do.Why does such a small thing make a difference？It is all in the way the human mind works. What we think, we automatically rehearse (预演). For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn’t be able to do it. When a child is told ‚Don’t fall off the tree,‛ he will think of two things: ‚don’t‛ and ‚fall off the tree‛. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind. A child who is vividlyimagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off. So it is far better to use ‚Hold on to the tree carefully.‛Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things. Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words. So parents should make their commands positive. ‚Sam, hold on firm to the side of the boat‛ is much more useful than ‚Don’t you dare to fall out of the boat‛ or worse still ‚How do you think I’ll feel if you drown‛ The changes are small but the difference is obvious.Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive.8.Positive choice of words helps kids to .A. do things carefullyB. build up their confidenceC. improve their imaginationD. learn in different situations9.What can we infer from Paragraph 2？A. A child will act on what is instructedB. One can’t help imagining what is heard.C. A child will fall off the tree when told not to.D. One won’t think of a blue monkey when given money.10.Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe？A. Fasten your seat belt.B. Don’t play by the lake.C. How do you think I’ll feel if you get hurtD. Don’t you dare to walk through the red light11.The main idea of the passage is that .A. praise makes kids confidentB. right instructions keep kids safeC. clear commands make kids differentD. choice of words can make a differenceDIn today’s consumer world, we’ve never had so much, yet it seems we’ve never been so unsatisfied. The cost of housing has been rising for decades, and the cost to the planet has been huge, too. But there is a way to live a simpler, greener, and more affordable life: buy a TinyDwelling home!TinyDwelling homes are very small, yet comfortable houses at affordable prices. Each TinyDwelling home has a contemporary design and included a living room, kitchen, bathroom, upstairs sleeping area, and convenient storage space. TinyDwelling homes are cheap to run and ecologically-friendly, too. All you need is a small heater to keep your house warm in cold weather, and solar panels (太阳能电池板) in order to provide light and electricity.TinyDwelling is part of the small-living movement that began in the late 1990s. Back then, a growing number of people began to live in very small homes. They wanted to reduce their possessions, living space, and energy costs, so as to lead more ecologically-friendly lives. But the small-living movement really took off after the economic crisis of 2008, when many people realized that they couldn’t afford to keep large homes. Lizzy Morriaon, a small-living enthusiast, started TinyDwelling homes in 2008 to meet the needs of these people. Since then, Lizzy has been designing and building homes nonstop, and TinyDwelling homes have become so popular that thousands of people have bought one. And Lizzy hasn’t only designing and building houses. She has also been teaching people how to build them. Simply buy the plans and materials so that you can build your own home, and save even more money!12.It is implied in Paragraph 1 that .A. rich people are very unsatisfiedB. people are damaging the environmentC. there are more poor people than beforeD. people spend much money in saving the planet13.What do we know about the small-living movement？A. It aimed to handle the economic crisis.B. It was started by people without houses.C. It was well received by house designers.D. It did not become quite popular until 2008.14.What is the main attraction of TinyDwelling homes？A. They are affordable.B. They provide storage space.C. They have upstairs sleeping area.D. They are equipped with solar panels.15.Besides designing TinyDwelling homes, Lizzy also .A. urged people to buy them.B. helped people to build them.C. taught people to save money.D. offered courses to train designers.第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2017-2018学年上海市松江区松江二中第一学期高三英语周测
松江二中2017学年第一学期高三英语周测一I. Listening Comprehension 略II. Grammar and Vocabulary (40%)Section A (20%)Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.“When John F Kennedy visited the NASA space center, he saw a janitor (看门人) 1.______ (carry) a broom (扫帚) and he walked over and asked what he was doing. The janitor responded: ‘Mr. President, I'm helping put a man on the moon’”.Mark Zuckerberg, now the fifth-richest man in the world, spoke about how in the beginning, he never expected to start Facebook, and certainly never expected it to become a company. All 2. ______ he knew was that people wanted to connect each other more. And so with that idea and with that purpose, he was able to build Facebook into 3. ______ it is today.I read this speech and it resonated with me. I not only agree with Mark Zuckerberg that purpose creates true happiness, but also that purpose is what allows humans to push 4. ______ to do the impossible.For example, just last year, I began a project 5. ______ (call) the China-Ghana (加纳) Changemaker Program. I wanted to provide an opportunity for students to actually try changing other people’s lives for better. We wanted our “Chinese Changemakers” to work together with local “Ghanaian Changemakers” to start social enterprises --- business with a product or service specially designed to solve a problem in society.A lot of people called me crazy. Staff at the United Nations said our idea was impossible. But this summer, our second class of Changemankers 6. ______ (start) their businesses in Ghana. We are making 7. ______ impossible possible.So how can you find your purpose? It all starts with an idea. But where 8. ______ (find) ideas? Don't make excuses like “I’m too busy preparing for the gaokao.” Make time to find ideas.And you might be thinking, “I don’t know how to change the world!” well, no one does at first. No idea is perfect at the beginning. It takes a lot of hard work to make an idea 9. ______ (clear). Be prepared to fail and to be called crazy.But if you never get started, your idea will never have a chance. You think you have a good idea? Go 10. ______ it! And you might just find that changing the world isn’t as far away as youthought.【答案】carrying; that; what; themselves; called; has started; the; to find; clearer; for/at【分析】1．本题考查现在分词用法；see sb. doing sth.，所以填carrying；2. 本题考查定语从句用法；由于从句缺成分且先行词是不定代词，所以填that；3．本题考查宾语从句用法；根据句子结构，可知从句缺基本成分，所以填what；4.本题考查代词用法；根据句意，可知此处填反身代词themselves；5．本题考查过去分词用法；根据句子结构原则，可知此处为后置定语用法，所以填called；6．本题考查谓语动词用法；根据语境，可知此处填has started；7．本题考查定冠词用法；根据句子结构，可知此处为the +adj. 表一类的用法；8．本题考查不定式用法；根据句子结构，特殊疑问词后接不定式，所以填to find；9．本题考查形容词用法；根据句意，可知本处考查形容词比较级，所以填clearer；10．本题考查介词用法；根据句意，可知本处填for。
2017年上海高三英语松江区一模卷
2017年松江区高三英语第一学期质量监控试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）II. Grammar and VocabularySection AMaddie and her mother, Stephanie, thought the screams for help were just Boy Scouts (童子军) messing around. But then they saw the scene: the boy scouts surrounding a hiker who (21) _________(take) a scary six-meter drop in an area near the Hoover Dam, a fall that left his right arm with a bone (22) _________(stick) out. The mother and the daughter (23) _________ (suppose) to be having a fun-filled weekend to celebrate Maddie’s 17t h birthday. But the trip turned into an emergency life-saving adventure. Maddie and her mother were nearly a kilometer into their 18-kilometer river trip in Black Canyon when they pulled onto some sand. The boy scouts, (24) _________ had called 911, had tied a loose bandage around the hiker’s broken arm to stop the bleeding.Maddie knew another bandage was needed and thought of her lifeguard training. She asked (25) _________ anyone had a pen or a stick, and someone picked up a branch. She turned the bandage, careful not to hit the bone (26) _________ it stopped most of the bleeding.The girl grew up doing junior guards and had recently taken a first-aid class as part of her training (27) ________ (become) a lifeguard with California State Parks at Crystal C ove. “I’m happy these trainings are so useful” she said. “(28) ________them, this guy probably would have died. This is something I will never forget. I’ve been considering my college and future career choices and now really feels like that the emergency medical field is (29) ________ I would enjoy.”It’s not the first time Maddie has quickly jumped into action when (30) _________ (need). In 2015 when she was just 15 during the Surf City Marathon, she was near a man who dropped at mile 26. She pulled him out of the road and treated him for shock until paramedics (医务人员) arrived.Section BA. statusesB. relevantlyC. reservesD. highlightingE. populationF. estimatedG. downgradedH. drivingI. criticallyJ. enforcedK. reverseGood news for giant panda lovers: the cute and cuddly creature has just been brought back from the edge of extinction.The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) __31__the species from “endangered” to “vulnerable” as the union released its upda ted Red List on Sept. 4 at Hawaii with their __32__ growing by 17 percent in the decade leading up to 2014.Chinese conservation efforts, including forest protection and reforestation, are considered to be the __33__ force behind the animal’s re-prosperity. The number of panda __34__ in China has also jumped to 67, from 13 in 1992. Nearly two-thirds of all wild pandas live there. Restoring the panda’s habitat has given them back their space with food available to them.Apart from giant pandas, the Tibetan A ntelope has also moved from “endangered” to “near threatened”. According to a statement from IUCN, the animal’s numbers have shrunk severely – dropping from around 1 million to a(n) __35__ 65,000–72,500 in the 1980s and early 1990s –due to commercial poaching(偷猎). Rigorous protection has since been __36__ to protect the beasts and the population is now likely to be between 100,000 and 150,000.Despite the improved __37__, wild animals like the giant panda and the Tibetan Antelope still face great challenges. The IUCN warned, for example, that ongoing threats from climate change could eliminate more than 35 percent of the panda’s bamboo habitat in the next 80 years, which would __38__ the species recent gains.Good progress has been made but there is still work to do. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is devoted to __39__ species from around the world and their statuses in relation to their risk of extinction. The list currently has eight categories, including extinct, extinct in the wild, __40__ endangered, endangered, vulnerable, near threatened, least concern and data deficient. These categories are based on criteria relating to population trends, size and structure, and geographic range.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AHow to help your kids f ind a purpose? You don’t have to start with the really big questions. “Quick, what’s the meaning of life?” Many of us may not be able to answer that, but that doesn’t __41__ our kids don’t have questions or need answers.“The sense that your personal life is __42__ to you is a basis of psychological well-being,” says Michael F. Steger, director of the laboratory for Meaning and Quality of Life at Colorado State University. Not only that, it is tightly tied to being happier, more positive, more __43__, more caring, more helpful, more resilient(坚韧)，and more satisfied in your life, relationships, and work.But helping your kids find meaning doesn’t mean parents have to __44__ all life’s ancient mysteries, Steger says. The __45__ is to understand the difference between the meaning of life and the meaning in life.“We do not have to start with the biggest and most troubling questions about our lives,” Steger says. “We can start with trying to __46__ how, today, right now, we are going to do one thing that makes the story of our lives more positive, or makes a positive difference to someone else.”With kids in __47__ school, Steger says, “At the most basic level, our best hopes for our children are that they feel their lives matter and that they __48__.” To start conversations along those lines, says Steger, “You can ask questions about what they think their best __49__ or strengths are, whether they have good relationships with other people, whether they care about others. You can ask them about times when they have made a difference, made someone feel better, felt __50__ for doing something, or helped someone out. All of these kinds of questions can start a conversation about your kid’s __51__ way of being in and contributing to the world.”In middle school, says Steger, “Kids are being exposed to id eas, behaviors, assumptions, and priorities that might be __52__ different from the ones they have always assumed were true.” So for kids this age, parents can start conversations focusing on how your children’s sense of who they are, how they related to o thers and what life is has been __53__.By high school, according to Steger, “We hope our children see how much their lives matter, see that they are at the beginning of an exciting and strengthening life story, and have some slight ideas about __54__.” Bu t the question of what you want to do with your life is too big for a single conversation, says Steger. Instead, he encourages parents to have __55__, smaller conversations with their kids about how they view themselves and their lives, and what kind of impact they would like to make.41. A. intend B. mean C. remain D. hope42. A. significant B. decisive C. meaningful D. useful43. A. confident B. cautious C. intelligent D. special44. A. discover B. present C. memorize D. solve45. A. trick B. occupation C. address D. promise46. A. look for B. pick up C. deal with D. figure out47. A. junior B. advanced C. elementary D. senior48. A. make a difference B. spare no effort C. take the initiative D. make a living49. A. specialties B. qualities C. features D. performances50. A. appreciated B. prepared C. understood D. well-known51. A. apparent B. smart C. unique D. appropriate52. A. generally B. eventually C. impossibly D. completely53. A. improving B. strengthening C. appearing D. changing54. A. truth B. purpose C. positivity D. contribution55. A. permanent B. long-lasting C. frequent D. occasional Section B(A)Researchers have developed a method to activate electronic implants in the body and eliminate bacterial infections using a wireless signal. When triggered by remote technology, the device delivers heat to infected tissue. And it could lead to technologies that enable drugs and treatment to be delivered to patients at the press of a button.The technology was developed by researchers at Tufts University in Massachusetts and the University of Illinois. Mice were given electronic implants that, when a signal was sent, heated up to treat tissue that was infected with staphylococcus, which can cause life-threatening infections of the blood. Tissues collected from the mice 24 hours after treatment showed no sign of the infection, while the device dissolved in 15 days, proving it can not only treat infections but also be disposed of easily.The research, which also eliminated E. coli bacteria, was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Each device, made of silk and magnesium(镁元素), harmlessly dissolved in the animals after the tests. The heating device in the implants has a resistor and power-receiving coil made of magnesium, and the magnesium is wrapped in ‘packet’ of silk, keeping it safe and controlling its dissolution time. The ability of the device to dissolve is important, as it means such implants would not need to be removed. Implantable medical devices normally use non-degradable materials that have limited operational lifetimes and must eventually be removed or replaced. But these new wireless therapy devices can handle the surgical process, and can then dissolve in minutes or weeks, depending on the time needed.“This is an important demonstration step forward for the development of on-demand medical devices that can be turned on remotely to perform a therapeutic function in a patient and then safely disappear after their use, requiring no retrieval,” said senior author Fiorenzo Omenetto, professor of biomedical engineering at Tufts School of Engineering. “These wireless st rategies could help manage post-surgical infection, for example, or pave the way for eventual Wi-Fi drug delivery.”56. What is special function about the new discovery?A. It can favourably be used while-treatment stage of a disease.B. The device has offered drugs at the press of a button.C. Implantable devices often use materials that have limited operational lifetimes.D. The implant can be controlled to treat infection and will dissolve later in the body.57. Staphylococcus is most probably ______________.A. a virus which can cost a person his lifeB. a therapy which can make a person’s life longerC. a device which can cure a person’s diseaseD. a process which can lead to the infection of a virus58. We can infer from the passage that ______________.A. Wi-Fi promises a new way of treatmentB. research brings about new discoveriesC. technology offers new opportunitiesD. medicine requires persistent efforts(B)Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are shared among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad (无数) of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationship of all those prices makes up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.If one were to ask a group of arbitrarily individuals to define “price”, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction (交易). This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount but the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, and the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that make up of the total “package” being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.59. According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to ______________.A. labor and educationB. transportation and insuranceC. utilities and repairsD. products and services60. All the following are the factors in the complete understanding of price except ____________.A. instructions that come with a productB. the quantity of a productC. the quality of a productD. guarantees that cover a product61. In the last line of the passage, the word “they” refers to ______________.A. return privilegesB. guarantees on the product or serviceC. buyer and sellerD. delivery and credit terms62. The paragraph following this passage will most likely discuss ______________.A. unusual ways to evaluate prices of productsB. types of payment plans for product and serviceC. theories about how products affect different levels of societyD. how certain elements of price “package” influence its market value（C）There will eventually come a day when the New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matte r of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on paper, there are plenty of reasons to abandon print. The infrastructure (基础设施) required to make a physical newspaper –printing presses, delivery trucks –isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial restrictions. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still overshadow their online and mobile counterparts, revenue (收入) from print is still declining.Cost may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, bu t only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s wor th making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming(流媒体). “It was seen as a mistake,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Peretti said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favour, the idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping maintain the quality of so mething they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like that you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.” In other words, if you’re going to prin t product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year –more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.”63. The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to ___________.A. the high cost of operationB. the pressure from its investorsC. the complaints from its readersD. the increasing online ad sales64. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation the Times should ______________.A. seek new sources of readershipB. end the print edition for goodC. aim for efficient managementD. make strategic adjustments65. Peretti believes that in a changing world ______________.A. legacy businesses are becoming outdatedB. cautiousness helps problem-solvingC. traditional luxuries can stay unaffectedD. aggressiveness better meets challenges66. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A. Shift to Online Newspapers All At Once.B. Cherish the Newspapers Still in Your Hand.C. Make Y our Print Newspapers a Luxury Good.D. Keep Y our Newspapers Forever in Fashion.Section CA. Parental involvement makes up for what schools are not able to do.B. They have a wide range of activities after school.C. Talking with children is a very simple task.D. A number of recent studies remind us that parents are even more important than schools.E. Engaging in these sorts of conversations has a greater impact on educational accomplishment.F. Recent research has indicated exactly what kinds of talk at home encourage children’ssuccess at school.It is found that American students spend less than 15% of their time in school. ____67_____. A study published earlier this month by researchers at North Carolina State University, for example, finds that parental involvement – checking homework, attending school meetings and events, discussing school activities at home – has a more powerful influence on students’ academic performance than anything about the school the students attend. Another study, published in the Review of Economics and Statistics, reports that the effort put forth by parents reading stories aloud has a bigger impact on their children’s educaional achievement than the effort devoted by either teachers or the students themselves. And a third study concludes that schools would have to increase their spending by more than $1,000 per pupil in order to achieve the same results that are gained with parental involvement.____68____. But it is also revealed in researches that parents, of all backgrounds, don’t need to buy expensive educational t oys or digital devices for their kids in order to give them an advantage. They don’t need to drive their offspring to enrichment classes ortest-preparation courses. What they need to do with their children is much simpler: talk.But not just any talk. ____69____. For example, a study conducted by researchers at the UCLA School of Public Health and published in the journal Pediatrics found that two-way adult-child conversations were six times as powerful in promoting language development as the ones in which the adult did all the talking. Engaging in this reciprocal (双向的) back-and-forth gives children a chance to try out language for themselves, and also gives them the sense that their thought and opinions matter.The content of parents’ conversations with k ids matters, too. Children who hear talk about counting and numbers at home start school with much more extensive mathematical knowledge, report researchers from the University of Chicago. While the conversations parents have with their children change as kids grow older, the effect of these exchanges on academic achievement remains strong. Research finds that parents play an important role in what is called “academic socialization” –setting expectations and making connections between current behavior and future goals. ____70____.IV. Summary WritingNow another American education icon may be disappearing: the hardbound textbook. More and more school districts are replacing traditional textbooks with electronic ones. Electronic textbooks are usually accessed either through an online server or are downloaded to student laptops.In North Texas, Plano and Irving schools are introducing e-books into a few classrooms, and Lancaster school officials also are considering them. But no local district appears to be going as far as Forney. The district most likely would be the first in the state to use e-books in every classroom for grades five to twelve.Officials point out several reasons for turning to e-books. For one, they are easier to update. Thus the publishers are able to find ways to do online textbooks and they can go back and change information. Using e-books will better prepare students for college and the workplace.Rapid district growth is another reason. The number of the students in the district is expe cted to double within five years. It’s difficult to know textbook needs in advance and some students wait months for their books. But e-books can be uploaded onto a “blank” laptop in a few hours.Cost may eventually be a deciding cause for choosing e-books, but there are no big savings yet. Even if they get it electronically, they still have to pay for the book because they’re buying the instructional material. That may change as more and more districts move toward e-books.Today’ students have little troub le adjusting to laptops and e-books, said Connie Cooley, who has taught at the Academy of Irving ISD for five years. But she said it could worry teachers.“It’s harder for people who are right around my age and older.” said Ms. Cooley, 36. “I’m laptop-savv y, so I was ready for it, but those that aren’t are a little worrying.V. Translation72. 任何为实现梦想而付诸行动的人都应受到尊敬。
上海市松江区2017届高三上学期期末质量监控英语试题
上海市松江区2016-2017学年度第一学期质量监控（一模）试卷高三英语(满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a train station. B. At a gas station.C. At a gas station.D. At a bus station.2. A. $4. B. $10. C. $14. D. $.14.3. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.D. Waiter and diner.4. A. She has got everything ready. B. She never hesitates over what to take.C. She hates packing by herself.D. She needs more time for packing.5. A. They should wait for John for a while. B. They should stay here for the night.C. They should start the meeting right away.D. They should call John at once.6. A. Reasonable. B. Bright. C. Serious. D. Ridiculous.7. A. She isn’t in the mood to travel. B. France is too far for family holiday.C. Family holiday no longer interests her.D. She has had too many holidays this year.8. A. Send leaflets. B. Go sightseeing. C. Do some gardening. D. Visit a lawyer.9. A. The man is too forgetful. B. The man shouldn’t get annoyed.C. The man has too many keys.D. The man should attend more lessons.10. A. He wants to live in apartments. B. He thinks his signature is unnecessary.C. He has already signed a contract.D. He doesn’t always say what he means.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Use the company’s equipment. B. Give orders to robots.C. Make decisions for the company.D. Act as Big Brother.12. A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another.C. Employees children are happy.D. Employees enjoy working there.13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. Honesty.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Education children. B. saving rare animals.C. Recreating an environment.D. Making a profit.15. A. Animals make visitors stressful. B. Animals must live their lives in cages.C. Animals can feel bored and sad.D. Animals are in danger of extinction.16. A. They are still useful and necessary.B. They have more disadvantages than advantages.C. They are a perfect environment for animals.D. They are recreational places for animals.Section CDirections: In Section C，you will hear a conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear a conversation and the questions about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It comes from the heart. B. It’s something you have to think about.C. It never gets boring.D. It’s not a feeling or an emotion.18. A. She had long black hair. B. She wore black leather clothes.C. She never wore pants.D. She wore blue jeans.19. A. Up Your Alley. B. The Blackhearts.C. Cary GlitterD. Sly and the Family Stone.20. A. She didn’t actually have much influence.B. People still don’t understand her.C. She still wants to perform.D. She is a star on the stage.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Maddie and her mother, Stephanie, thought the screams for help were just Boy Scouts (童子军）around. But then they saw the scene: the boy scouts surrounding a hiker who (21) ____________ (take) a scary Six-meter drop in an area near the Hoover Dam, a fall that left his right arm with a bone (22) ____________ (stick) out. The mother and the daughter (23) ____________ (suppose) to be having a fun-filled weekend to celebrate Maddie's 17th birthday. But the trip turned into an emergency life-saving adventure. Maddie and her mother were nearly a kilometer into their 18-kilometer river trip in Black Canyon when they pulled onto some sand. The boy scouts, (24) ____________ had called 9,1, had tied a loose bandage around the hiker, broken arm to stop the bleeding.Maddie knew another bandage was needed and thought of her lifeguard training. She asked (25)____________ anyone had a pen or a stick, and someone picked up a branch. She turned the bandage, careful not to hit the bone (26) ____________ it stopped most of the bleeding.The girl grew up doing junior guards and had recently taken a first aid class as part of her training (27) ____________ (become) a lifeguard with California State Parks at Crystal Cove. “I’m happy these trainings are so usefu l” she said. “(28) ____________ them, this guy probably would have died. This is something I will never forget. I’ve been considering my college and future career choices and now really feels like that the emergency medical field is (29) ____________ I would enjoy.”It’s not the first tim e Maddie has quickly jumped into action when (30) ____________ (need). In 2015 when she was just 15 during the Surf City Marathon, she was near a man who dropped at mile 26. She pulled him out of the road and treated him for shock until paramedics (医务人员）arrive .Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once.Good news for giant panda lovers: the cute and cuddly creature has just been brought back from the edge of extinction.The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) __31__ the species from “endangered” to “vulnerable” as the union released its updated Red List on Sept. 4 at Hawaii with their __32__ growing by 17 percent in the decade leading up to 2014.Chinese conservation efforts, including forest protection and reforestation, are considered to be the __33__ force behind the animal's re-prosperity. The number of panda __34__ in China has also jumped to 67, from 13 in 1992. Nearly two-thirds of all wild pandas live there. Restoring the panda’s habitat ha s given them back their space with food available to them.Apa rt from giant pandas, the Tibetan Antelope has also moved from “endangered” to “near th reatened”. According to a statement from IUCN, the animal's numbers have shrunk severely - dropping from around 1 million to a(n) __35__ 65,000 -- 72,500 in the 1980s and early 1990s - due to commercial poaching (偷猎). Rigorous protection has since been __36__ to protect the beasts and the population is now likely to be between 100,000 and 150,000.Despite the improved __37__，wild animals like the giant panda and the Tibetan Antelope still face challenges. The IUCN warned, for example, that ongoing threats from climate change could eliminate more than 35 percent of the panda's bamboo habitat in the next 80 years, which would __38__ the species recent gains.Good progress has been made but there is still work to do. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is devoted to __39__ species from around the world and their statuses in relation to their risk of extinction. The list currently has eight categories, including extinct, extinct in the wild, __40__ endangered, endangered, vulnerable, near threatened, least concern and data deficient. These categories are based oncriteria relating to population trends, size and structure, and geographic range.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How to help your kids find a purpose? You don’t have to start with the really big questions. Quick, what s the meaning of life?” Many of us may not be able to answer that, but that doesn’t __41__ our kids don’t have questions or need answers.“The sense that your personal life is __42__ to you is a basis of psychological well-being,” says Michael F. Steger，director of the laboratory for Meaning and Quality of Life at Colorado State University. Not only that，it is tightly tied to being happier, more positive, more __43__, more caring, more helpful, more resilient (坚初), and more satisfied in your life, relationships, and work.But helping your kids find meaning doesn’t mean parents have to __44__ all life’s ancient mysteries, Steger says. The __45__ is to understand the difference between the meaning of life and the meaning in life.“We do not have to start with the biggest and most troubling questions about our lives,” Steger says. “We can start with trying to __46__ how, today, right now, we are going to do one thing that makes the story of our lives more positive, or makes a positive difference to someone else.”With kids in __47__ school, Steger says, “At the most basic level, our best hopes for our children are that they feel their lives matter and that they __48__.” To start conversations along those lines, says Steger, “You can ask questions about what they think their best __49__ or strengths are, whether they have good relationships with other people, whether they care about others. You can ask them about times when they have made a difference, made someone feel better, felt __50__ for doing something, or helped someone out. All of these kinds of questions can start a conversation about your kid’s __51__ way of being in and contributing to the world.”In middle school, says St eger, “Kids are being exposed to ideas, behaviors, assumptions, and priorities that might be __52__ different from the ones they have always assumed were true.” So for kids this age, parents can start conversations focusing on how your children’s sense of who they are, how they related to others and what life is has been __53__.By high school, according to Steger, “We hope our children see how much their lives matter, see that they are at the beginning of an exciting and strengthening life story, and have some slight ideas about __54__.”But the question of what you want to do with your life is too big for a single conversation, says Steger. Instead, he encourages parents to have __55__, smaller conversations with their kids about how they view themselves and their lives, and what kind of impact they would like to make.41. A. intend B. mean C. remain D. hope42. A. significant B. decisive C. meaningful D. useful43. A. confident B. cautious C. intelligent D. special44. A. discover B. present C. memorize D. solve45. A. trick B. occupation C. address D. promise46. A. look for B. pick up C. deal with D. figure out47. A. junior B. advanced C. elementary D. senior48. A. make a difference B. spare no effort C. take the initiative D. make a living49. A. specialties B. qualities C. features D. performances50. A. appreciated B. prepared C. understood D. well-known51. A. apparent B. smart C. unique D. appropriate52. A. generally B. eventually C. impossibly D. completely53. A. improving B. strengthening C. appearing D. changing54. A. truth B. purpose C. positivity D. contribution55. A. permanent B. long-lasting C. frequent D. occasionalSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Researchers have developed a method to activate electronic implants in the body and eliminate bacterial infections using a wireless signal. When triggered by remote technology, the device delivers heat to infected tissue. And it could lead to technologies that enable drugs andtreatment to be delivered to patients at the press of a button.The technology was developed by researchers at Tufts University in Massachusetts and the University of Illinois. Mice were given electronic implants that, when a signal was sent, heated up to treat tissue that was infected with staphylococcus, which can cause life-threatening infections of the blood. Tissues collected from the mice 24 hours after treatment showed no sign of the infection, while the device dissolved in 15 days, proving it can not only treat infections but also be disposed of easily.The research, which also eliminated E. coli bacteria, was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Each device, made of silk and magnesium (镁元素)，harmlessly dissolved in the animals after the tests. The heating device in the implants has a resistor and power-receiving coil made of magnesium, and the magnesium is wrapped in ‘packet’of silk, keeping it safe and controlling its dissolution time. The ability of the device to dissolve is important, as it means such implants would not need to be removed. Implantable medical devices normally use non-degradable materials that have limited operational lifetimes and must eventually be removed or replaced. But these new wireless therapy devices can handle the surgical process, and can then dissolve in minutes or weeks, depending on the time needed."This is an important demonstration step forward for the development of on-demand medial devices that can be turned on remotely to perform a therapeutic function in a patient and then safely disappear after their use, requiring no retrieval,”said senior author Fiorenzo Omenetto, professor of biomedical engineering at Tufts School of Engineering. “These wireless strategies could help manage post-surgical infection, for example, or pave the way for eventual Wi-Fi drug delivery.”56. What is special function about the new discovery?A. It can favourably be used while-treatment stage of a disease.B. The device has offered drugs at the press of a button.C. Implantable devices often use materials that have limited operational lifetimes.D. The implant can be controlled to treat infection and will dissolve later in the body.57.Staphylococcus is most probably _______.A. a virus which can cost a person his lifeB. a therapy which can make a person’s life longerC. a device which can cure a person’s diseaseD. a process which can lead to the infection of a virus58.We can infer from the passage that _______.A. Wi-Fi promises a new way of treatmentB. research brings about new discoveriesC. technology offers new opportunitiesD. medicine requires persistent efforts(B)Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are shared among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad (无数）of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationship of all those prices makes up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.If one were to ask a group of arbitrarily individuals to define “price”, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction (交易). This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount but the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, and the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that make up of the total “package” b eing exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.59. According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to _______.A. Labor and educationB. transportation and insuranceC. Utilities and repairsD. products and services60.All the following are the factors in the complete understanding of price except _______.A. instructions that come with a productB. the quantity of a productC. the quality of a productD. guarantees that cover a product61. In the last line of the passage, the word “they” refers to _______.A. Return privilegesB. guarantees on the product or serviceC. Buyers and sellerD. delivery and credit terms62. The paragraph following this passage will most likely discuss _______.A. unusual ways to evaluate prices of productsB. types of payment plans for product and serviceC. theories about how products affect different levels of societyD. how certain elements of price “package” influence its market value(C)There will eventually come a day when the New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on paper, there are plenty of reasons to abandon print. The infrastructure (基础设施) required to make a physical newspaper -- printing presses, delivery trucks -- isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial restr ictions. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still overshadow their online and mobile counterparts, revenue (收入) from print is still declining.Cost may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, ‘‘but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming (流媒体). “It was seen as a mistake,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Peretti said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loya l customers would still get the product they favour, the idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping maintain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like that you were helping,” Peretti said.“Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.” In other words, if you’re going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year -- more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business," Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that w here we have things we're doing that don't make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it's better to bemore aggressive than less aggressive.63. The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to _______.A. the high cost of operationB. the pressure from its investorsC. the complaints from its readersD. the increasing online ad sales64. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation the Times should _______.A. seek new sources of readershipB. end the print edition for goodC. aim for efficient managementD. strategic adjustments65.Peretti believes that in a changing world _______.A. legacy businesses are becoming outdatedB. cautiousness helps problem-solvingC. traditional luxuries can stay unaffectedD. aggressiveness better meets challenge66.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A.Shift to Online Newspapers All At Once.B.Cherish the Newspapers Still in Your Hand.C. Make Your Print Newspapers a Luxury Good.D. Keep Your Newspapers Forever m Fashion.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given m the box. EachIt is found that American students spend less than 15% of their time in school. 67 _______. A study published earlier this month by researchers at North Carolina State University, for example, finds that parental involvement -- checking homework, attending school meetings and events, discussing school activities at home -- has a more powerful influence on students, academic performance than anything about the school the students attend. Another study, published in the Review of Economics and Statistics, reports that the effort put forth by parents reading stories aloud, is devoted by either teachers or the students themselves. And a third study concludes that schools would have to increase their spending by more than $1,000 per pupil in order to achieve the same results that are gained with parental involvement.68 _______. But it is also revealed in researches that parents, of all backgrounds, don’t need to buy expensive educational toys or digital devices for their kids in order to give them an advantage. They don’tneed to drive their offspring to enrichment classes or test-preparation courses. What they need to do with their children is much simpler: talk.But not just any talk. 69 _______. For example, a study conducted by researchers at the UCLA School of Public Health and published in the journal Pediatrics founds that two-way adult-child conversations were six times as powerful in promoting language development as the ones in which the adult did all the talking. Engaging in this reciprocal(双向的) back-and-forth gives children a chance to try out language for themselves, and also gives them the sense that their thought and opinions matter.The content of parents’ conversations with kids matters, too. Children who hear talk about counting and numbers at home start school with much more extensive mathematical knowledge, report researchers from the University of Chicago. While the conversations parents have with their children change as kids grow older, the effect of these exchanges on academic achievement remains strong. Research finds that parents play an important role in what is called “academic socialization” -- setting expectations and making connections between current behavior and future goals. 70 _______.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Now another American education icon may be disappearing: the hardbound textbook. More and more school districts are replacing traditional textbooks with electronic ones. Electronic textbooks are usually accessed either through an online server or are downloaded to student laptops.In North Texas, Plano and Irving schools are introducing e-books into a few classrooms, and Lancaster school officials also are considering them. But no local district appears to be going as far as Forney. The district most likely would be the first in the state to use e-books in every classroom for grades five to twelve.Officials point out several reasons for turning to e-books. For one, they are easier to update. Thus the publishers are able to find ways to do online textbooks and they can go back and change information. Using e-books will better prepare students for college and the workplace.Rapid district growth is another reason. The number of the students in the district is expected to double within five years. It’s difficult to know textbook needs in advance and some students wait months for their books. But e-books can be uploaded onto a “blank” laptop in a few hours.Cost may eventually be a deciding cause for choosing e-books, but here are no big savings yet. Even if they get it electronically, they still have to pay for the book because they’re buying the instructional material. That may change as more and more districts move towards e-books.Today’s students have little trouble adjusting to laptops and e-books, said Connie Cooley, who has taught at the Academy of Irving ISD for five years. But she said it could worry teachers.“It’s harder for people who are right around my age and older.”said Ms. Cooley, 36. “I’m laptop-savvy, so I was ready for it, but those that aren’t are a little worrying.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.任何为实现梦想而付诸行动的人都应受到尊敬。
上海市松江区2017届高三上学期期末质量监控英语试题
上海市松江区2016-2017学年度第一学期质量监控（一模）试卷高三英语(满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a train station. B. At a gas station.C. At a gas station.D. At a bus station.2. A. $4. B. $10. C. $14. D. $.14.3. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.D. Waiter and diner.4. A. She has got everything ready. B. She never hesitates over what to take.C. She hates packing by herself.D. She needs more time for packing.5. A. They should wait for John for a while. B. They should stay here for the night.C. They should start the meeting right away.D. They should call John at once.6. A. Reasonable. B. Bright. C. Serious. D. Ridiculous.7. A. She isn?t in the mood to travel. B. France is too far for family holiday.C. Family holiday no longer interests her.D. She has had too many holidays this year.8. A. Send leaflets. B. Go sightseeing. C. Do some gardening. D. Visit a lawyer.9. A. The man is too forgetful. B. The man shouldn?t get annoyed.C. The man has too many keys.D. The man should attend more lessons.10. A. He wants to live in apartments. B. He thinks his signature is unnecessary.C. He has already signed a contract.D. He doesn?t always say what he means.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Use the company?s equipment. B. Give orders to robots.C. Make decisions for the company.D. Act as Big Brother.12. A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another.C. Employees children are happy.D. Employees enjoy working there.13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. Honesty.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Education children. B. saving rare animals.C. Recreating an environment.D. Making a profit.15. A. Animals make visitors stressful. B. Animals must live their lives in cages.C. Animals can feel bored and sad.D. Animals are in danger of extinction.16. A. They are still useful and necessary.B. They have more disadvantages than advantages.C. They are a perfect environment for animals.D. They are recreational places for animals.Section CDirections: In Section C，you will hear a conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you heara conversation and the questions about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It comes from the heart. B. It?s something you have to think about.C. It never gets boring.D. It?s not a feeling or an emotion.18. A. She had long black hair. B. She wore black leather clothes.C. She never wore pants.D. She wore blue jeans.19. A. Up Your Alley. B. The Blackhearts.C. Cary GlitterD. Sly and the Family Stone.20. A. She didn?t actually have much influence.B. People still don?t understand her.C. She still wants to perform.D. She is a star on the stage.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Maddie and her mother, Stephanie, thought the screams for help were just Boy Scouts (童子军）around. But then they saw the scene: the boy scouts surrounding a hiker who (21) ____________ (take) a scary Six-meter drop in an area near the Hoover Dam, a fall that left his right arm with a bone (22) ____________ (stick) out. The mother and the daughter (23) ____________ (suppose) to be having a fun-filled weekend to celebrate Maddie's 17th birthday. But the trip turned into an emergency life-saving adventure. Maddie and her mother were nearly a kilometer into their 18-kilometer river trip in Black Canyon when they pulled onto some sand. The boy scouts, (24) ____________ had called 9,1, had tied a loose bandage around the hiker, broken arm to stop the bleeding.Maddie knew another bandage was needed and thought of her lifeguard training. She asked (25)____________ anyone had a pen or a stick, and someone picked up a branch. She turned the bandage, careful not to hit the bone (26) ____________ it stopped most of the bleeding.The girl grew up doing junior guards and had recently taken a first aid class as part of her training (27)____________ (become) a lifeguard with California State Parks at Crystal Cove. “I?m happy these____________ them, this guy probably would have died. This is trainings are so usefu l” she said. “(28)something I will never forget. I?ve been considering my college and future career choices and now reallyfeels like that the emergency medical field is (29) ____________ I would enjoy.”It?s not the first tim e Maddie has quickly jumped into action when (30) ____________ (need). In 2015when she was just 15 during the Surf City Marathon, she was near a man who dropped at mile 26. Shepulled him out of the road and treated him for shock until paramedics (医务人员）arrive .Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A statuses B. relevantly C. reserves D. highlighting E. populationF. estimatedG. downgradedH. drivingI. criticallyJ. EnforcedK. reverseGood news for giant panda lovers: the cute and cuddly creature has just been brought back from theedge of extinction.The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) __31__ the species from “endangered” totheir __32__ growing by “vulnerable” as the union released its updated Red List on Sept. 4 at Hawaii with17 percent in the decade leading up to 2014.Chinese conservation efforts, including forest protection and reforestation, are considered to be the__33__ force behind the animal's re-prosperity. The number of panda __34__ in China has also jumped to67, from 13 in 1992. Nearly two-thirds of all wild pandas live there. Restoring the panda?s habitat ha s given them back their space with food available to them.Apa rt from giant pandas, the Tibetan Antelope has also moved from “endangered” to “near . According to a statement from IUCN, the animal's numbers have shrunk severely - dropping threatened”from around 1 million to a(n) __35__ 65,000 -- 72,500 in the 1980s and early 1990s - due to commercialpoaching (偷猎). Rigorous protection has since been __36__ to protect the beasts and the population is now likely to be between 100,000 and 150,000.Despite the improved __37__，wild animals like the giant panda and the Tibetan Antelope still face challenges. The IUCN warned, for example, that ongoing threats from climate change could eliminate morethan 35 percent of the panda's bamboo habitat in the next 80 years, which would __38__ the species recent gains.Good progress has been made but there is still work to do. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Speciesis devoted to __39__ species from around the world and their statuses in relation to their risk of extinction.The list currently has eight categories, including extinct, extinct in the wild, __40__ endangered, endangered, vulnerable, near threatened, least concern and data deficient. These categories are based on。
2017届上海市松江二中高三上学期开学考试英语试题及答案
高三英语开学考2017- 08- 15第I卷（103分）I. Listening Comprehension(24分)Section A1. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher.D. A boss.2. A. In the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.3. A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. D. On foot.4. A. The English test took place a week ago.B. The woman was confident about the English test.C. Tomorrow’s English test will be easy.D. There won’t be an English test tomorrow.5. A. She doesn’t like English poetry. B. Poetry class is very popular.C. Dr. Robinson is easy to get along with.D. The course will be difficult.6. A. Five feet tall. B. Only one foot tall. C.Six feet tall. D. Seven feet tall.7. A. Go to the library. B. Go to see a film.C. Get some exercise.D. Do homework in school.8. A. It is 4: 10 now. B. It is 4: 20 now. C. It is 4: 50 now. D. It is 5:00 now.9. A. He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.B. He has made great progress in his English.C. He is a student of the music department.D. He is not very interested in English songs.10. A. He has always been so productive. B. He got his job done within a minute.C. He finished the paper just in time.D. He hasn’t finished his paper yet.Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short.C. When homework is given.D. When your mother talks.12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words.C. Your mind and ears.D. Some pictures.13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind.C. Some details.D. School assignments.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is based on individual need, personal goals and different life styles.B. It is decided by the healthiest lifestyle.C. It is based on some tests and comparison with standards.D. It is based more on individual needs than personal goals.15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.C. It is less enjoyable.D. It is less effective.16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.D. Some sports with significant training effect.Section CBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary（26分）Section A25. —Can he take charge of the computer company?—I’m afraid it is _________ his ability.A. beyondB. withinC. ofD. to26. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _________of them answered it.A. eitherB. noneC. neitherD. nobody27. The higher the oil price is, ___________to the global economy.A. the more damage will it causeB. the more it willcause damageC. the more damage it will causeD. the more willit cause damage28. _________at the very beginning, the financial crisis wasgetting worse and worse in America.A. Not dealt with properlyB. Not dealing with properlyC. Not having dealt with properlyD. Not being dealtwith properly29. The custom of giving gifts at Christmas can be traced backto the Wise Men _________gifts to the baby Jesus.A. bringB. broughtC. bringingD. being brought30. The driver _________, according to the newspaper, to havebeen killed in the traffic accident.A. saidB. was sayingC. was saidD.had been said31. If a computer crashes, you will lose the file you_________unless you save it regularly.A. are workingB. workC. will workD. worked32. The building burnt down in a big fire. _________was thebase on which it stood.A. What remainedB. All remainedC. What was remainedD. All what remained33. To our surprise, that top student in our class failed_________a scholarship.A. obtainB. obtainingC. to obtainD. obtained34. I feel honored to introduce Mr White to you, without_________consideration our projectwould have ended in failure.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD.who35. _________advertisements are of great help, I don’t thinkwe should entirely rely on them.A. SinceB. WhileC. OnceD.As36. No one knows _________ prevented the rumor from spreading.A. what was it thatB. what it was thatC. how it was thatD. why it was that37. _________ about wild plants that they decided to make atrip to Madagascar for further research.A. So curious the couple wasB. So curious werethe coupleC. So were curious the coupleD. So was thecouple curious38.Joe’s_______ in the get-together surely brought us a lotof pleasure as he is a man with astrong sense of humour.A. joiningB. having been joinedC. joinedD. had joined39.After John stayed in shanghai for a couple of days, he gotthe impression _________the citywas very fascinating.A. whichB. whyC. whereD.that40. Don’t leave the chocolates _______Cathy can get them. Theyare not good for teeth.A. whetherB. in whichC. whereD. unlessSection BIf you are a modern art lover, you should be sure to dropby the Saatchi Gallery during your visit to London. The 41 gallery was opened by Charles Saatchi, a British art collector famous for founding the Saatchi and Saatchi advertising agency with his brother. It moved from its old 42 in St. John’s Wood to its new home in County Hall near the Thames in the spring of 2003.Anyone who has heard reports in the past of the often shocking but always thought-provoking (激发) works on 43 at the Saatchi Gallery will not be disappointed when visiting the gallery’s new location. Along with the exhibits of new British artists, the gallery still includes the works of Damien Hirst, the Chapman brothers, and Tracy Emin in its permanent 44 .Of the artworks, one can see in the Saatchi Gallery, Hirst’s works are probably the most well-known. Hirst’s work first made headlines in the early 1990s when he 45 art fromdead animals.Along with Hirst, the Chapman brothers, Dinos and Jake, also owe a certain amount of their fame to the Saatchi Gallery.It was through Saatchi that these two brothers came to 46 attention. At the gallery, visitors can see the brothers’vision of Hell, made from 30, 000 plastic toy soldiers.Another artist 47 at the gallery who has grabbed headlines with her art is Tracy Emin. In 1998, Emin gave rise to argument when she sold her 48 , unmade bed to Saatchi as a work of art titled My Bed at ￡150, 000.Are any of these works really art? That is a question you will have to answer for yourself when you visit the Saatchi Gallery. Charles Saatchi himself says, “I don’t have any ground rules for 49 art. Sometimes you look and don’t feel very comfortable with it—but that doesn't tell you very much. It doesn't ____50____ reveal much about the quality of the work.”III. Reading Comprehension （53分）Section AAround 15 million of us will leave a cup of tea to go cold today while a similar amount will forget where they put the keys to their house or car.Meanwhile, 12 million go to the shops only to 51 forget what they went for----and the same will forget about 52 washing in the machine, according to the survey 53 by .PIN numbers, passwords and chores such as taking food outof the freezer the night before and 54 your mobile phone also stood highly on the list. And more than one in ten 55 forgetting to buy a lottery ticket which may have 56 thema win.Modern busy lifestyles and increased 57 as well as modern technology were 58 the increase in our levels of forgetfulness.A National Lottery spokesman said: “We are busier than ever in our work and personal lives and it seems we just have too much to remember for our 59 minds.”The study found the technology has also played a part, leaving us with more gadgets(小装置) than ever before to 60 and charge or take care of.61 work pressures it is within the home environment where most things are forgotten, such as credit card 62 , children’s school events or food related things.The study found one in four people have 63 animportant appointment and nearly one in five have fallen out with a friend over a forgotten date or event.Women are much better than men in the report, failing to 64 an average of two and a half things every day 65 to 3.5 things for men.51. A. completely B.fortunatelyC. barelyD. mostly52. A.freezingB. elegantC. formalD. wet53. A.experimentedB. conductedC. appliedD. commanded54. A.loadingB. forgettingC. chargingD. remarking55. A. deny B. admit C. forbid D. avoid56. A.entitledB. purchasedC. consumedD. cost57. A.pressureB. rankC. logicD. weight58. A. led to B. blamed for C. broughtaboutD. confirmed59. A. B. conscious C. impatient D. accurateSection B(A)I am a good mother to three children. I have tried neverto let my profession stand in the way of being a good parent.I no longer consider myself the center of universe. I showup. I listen. I try to laugh. I was a good friend to my husband. I have tried to make marriage vows(誓约)mean what they say. I am a good friend to my friends, and they to me. Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today.So here ’s what I wanted to tell you today: Get a life. crowded60. A. dive in B. insert in C. push inD. plug in 61.A. DespiteB. ThoughC. In spiteD. Moreover62. A. illustrationsB. theftsC. paymentsD. journals 63. A. missed B. madeC. drawnD. concluded 64. A. ignore B. remindC. recallD. assure 65.A. devotedB. contributedC. opposedD. comparedA real life, not a desire of the next promotion, the bigger paycheck, the larger house.Get a life in which you are not alone. Find people you love, and who loves you. And remember that love is not leisure, it is work. Pick up the phone. Send an e-mail. Write a letter. And realize that life is the best thing and that you have no business taking for granted.It is so easy to waste our lives, our days, our hours, and our minutes. It is so easy to exist instead of to live. I learned to live many years ago. Something really, really bad happened to me, something that changed my life in ways that, if I had my choice, it would never have been changed at all. And what I learned from it is what, today, seems to be the hardest lesson of all.I learned to love the journey, not the destination. I learned to look at all the good in the world and try to give some of it back because I believed in it, completely and totally. And I tried to do that, in part, by telling others what I had learned.66. How did the writer form her view of life?A. Through social experienceB. By learningfrom her friendsC. Through an unfortunate experienceD. From her children and husband67. The sentence “It is so easy to exist instead of to live.”means that people tend to _________.A. waste a lot in lifeB. work rather than enjoy lifeC. make a living rather live a real lifeD. forget the most important lessons in life68. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.A. The author likes travelling very muchB. The author did not try her best to work wellC. The author spent all her time caring for childrenD. the author is a success in personal life69. The best title for this passage probably is______.A. Love your friendsB. Live a real lifeC. Don’t waste timeD. Be a good wife and mother(B)OUR KIDS ARE AMAZING－especially compared with everybody else’s (who seem to cry all the time). How do you show yourlove for your kids this holiday season? With toys that are smooth and colorful, interactive and exciting. And with ones that have educational value－because you are the boss.70. Which toy is said to have the special design for children’s safety?A. ROBOSAPIENB. MINI PEDAL CARC. FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SETD. TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL71. Which toys are fit for three-year-old kids?A. 1 and 3.B. 2 and 4.C. I and 2.D. 3 and 4.72. This passage is written for __________.A. parentsB. childrenC. the salesmanD. the boss(C)Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone（臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing moreradiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.73. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there74. Earlier studies about northern forest fires _________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming75. The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. disturbed76.From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forestfires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may __________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy(D)Is Positive Thinking Powerful?The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed”. But was the positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply stress how unhappy they are. The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by using older research showing that when people get feedback (反馈) which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your friend who is not very clever that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In the 1990s, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton conducted an experiment. The participants were asked to write essays opposing financial support for thedisabled, expressing little sympathy for them. When these participants were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-respect. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.” Those with low self-respect didn’t feel better after the forced self-approval. In fact, their feelings turned significantly worse than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.The study provides support for newer forms for psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, on the contrary, can teach people to realize their shortcomings from a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.77. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?A. There can be no simple solutions to psychologicalproblems.B. Encouraging positive thinking may do harm to people.C. The power of positive thinking is limited.D. Unhappy people cannot think positively.78. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.A. you are pointing out the mistakes he has madeB. you are not taking his mistakes seriously enoughC. you are stressing the fact that he is not intelligentD. you are not trying to make him feel better about his faults79. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?A. Self-approval can bring a positive change to one’sfeelings.B. People with low self-respect seldom write down their truefeelings.C. It is important for people to continually improve theirself-respect.D. Forcing people to think positive thoughts may lower theirself-respect.80. It can be learned from the last paragraph that ______.A. people can avoid making mistakes through meditationB. different people tend to have different ways of thinkingC. meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapyD. the effects of positive thinking differ from person toperson(E)Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions and complete the statements in the fewest possible words.An addiction（瘾）is an activity or substance we are eager to experience repeatedly, and for which we are willing if necessary to pay a price. Common addictions involve alcohol, cigarettes, food, drugs, gambling, etc. This article discusses the concepts which can be helpful in coping with addictive behavior.Relatively minor addictions, such as watching too much television, or lying in bed on weekend mornings, are often not even considered addictions, because the price paid for engaging in them is not high. On the other hand, we tend to use the term “addict” to describe the person who, at least in the eyes of others, continues to be addicted in a behaviorlong after it has become clear that the substantial price being paid was not worth the benefit. The individual who has lost career, house, family and friends because of cocaine (可卡因) use, but is unwilling to consider stopping is an unfortunate example.Negative addictions range from those with very minor negative consequences, to those as serious as the cocaine addict just mentioned, with much area in between. Although it is not necessarily true that a negative addiction grows stronger over time, yet a constant level of addictive behavior (e.g., overspending $ 200 a week ) can lead to an increasing level of negative consequences.You may be surprised to learn that addictions can also be considered positive. Positive addictions are those in which the benefits outweigh the price. A common example would be the habit of regular exercise. The price of membership in a gym, the time involved and any clothing expense is outweighed by the benefits of better health, energy, self-confidence and appearance. As with negative addictions, positive addictions may not get stronger over time, and there is a broad range of how much benefit is actually obtained.What is common to both positive and negative addictions isthe urge to engage in the addictive behavior, and the satisfaction that is felt when the urge is acted upon. The urge is a state of tension and expectation that is experienced uncomfortably as a desire for the substance or activity. Because we experience relief when the urge is acted upon, there is an increased likelihood that we will act on the urge again.81. What does the passage mainly talk about?_______________________________________________.82.We use the term “addict” to describe a person when he or she goes on _______________eventhough he or she knows it is not worthwhile.83. Why is exercising in the gym considered to be a positive addiction?_______________________________________________.84. How do people feel when the urge is acted on?_______________________________________________.(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)第II卷（47分）I. Translation(22%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、中国文化与西方文化是不同的。
2017年上海松江区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷
2017年上海松江区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、短文填空1、【来源】 2021年上海高三高考模拟（新题型十二）第21~30题2017年上海闵行区高三二模第21~30题10分One steamy July afternoon in central Arkansas. I was working on an important project in my home office. My trusty printer was busy producing an important report1it simply stopped . After fifteen minutes of trying to repair, I decided to buy a new printer. Upon my return, my heart froze to see my house on fire.2having spent much of my life writing, I was speechless when facing this situation. I was lost for adequate words3(describe) the sick, sinking feeling of seeing my home, business, and belongings going up in flames along with photographs and memories4(collect) over a lifetime. But the panic that filled my shocked heart in that awful moment was for the nine cats that shared my homeafter5(rescue) from situations of ill-treatment and abandonment.Responding to an early security—system warning, the amazing firefighters arrivedimmediately,6the chemical smoke had already caused deaths. I examined and kissed each cat goodbye, extremely grateful that they had passed gently, without injuries or burns.Only animal lovers really understand the unbelievable impact7the loss of one beloved four-legged family member can have on your heart, mind and soul. The loss of so many dearly loved creatures sent me in great sorrow.After staying with a friend of mine for a couple of weeks, I was relocated to a furnished apartment. One evening, about a month after moving in, I8(occupy) in writing a mystery novel, and at that time a "meow" sounded from outside the apartment door. Was it my mind playing tricks again? More than once I had heard, seen or felt the brush of one of my departed funny roommates. The meow grew louder and more repetitive. Curious, I opened the door.Sitting on the doorstep was a kitten with a black coat and alert eyes. Aneighbor9(walk) by picked him up and began petting him. When I remarked how cute her kitten was, she explained that it had been born under a bridge and looked around for food. This kitty-loving neighbor was quick to offer an extra litter box if I was interested in giving him a home. My immediate reaction was "that's all I need !" without hesitation she put the cute kitten down. I thanked her and closed the door, determined to just let him stay10 a real home could be found.二、选词填空2、【来源】 2017年上海松江区高三二模第31~40题10分There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as a(n)1result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.By2, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, aswe3new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends. There are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a4to take risks. And we are supposed to be ready to face the5, and to accept the possibility that we may "fail" at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we thinkwe're6and shy? Then our7of shyness can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we're slow to adapt to change or that we're not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more8role or not try at all.These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. We will9to grow, if we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, and if we protect ourselves too much. Webecome10inside a shell of our own making.A. contrastB. unknownC. trappedD. responsibilityE. willingnessF. externalG. senseH. cease三、完形填空3、【来源】 2017年上海松江区高三二模第41~55题15分To Apologize or Not to ApologizeWhy difficult?When we do wrong to someone we know, even not1, we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we're acting as leaders, the circumstances are2. The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level ofthe3but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every word or expression4, as they become part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness.Why now?The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never beenmore5. During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology culture—apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made farmore6than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of7apologies. Meanwhile, more and more articles, advice columns, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subjectof8apologies. Although they are not carried out in the public place, we can't neglect the importance of this performance.Why9?Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing, and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy targetfor10. They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be astrong11. Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.Whyrefuse?Why is it that leaders so often try every means to12apologies, even when a public apology seems to be in order? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable andeven13risky. Apologies can be signals for admitting mistakes and mistakes can be indication of job insecurity. Leaders may also be afraid that14of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. There can be good reasons for hanging tough（硬撑）in tough situations, as we shall see, but it is a high-risk15.A. immediatelyB. intentionallyC. occasionallyD. accidentallyA. simpleB. ridiculousC. abnormalD. differentA. individualB. companyC. familyD. societyA. conflictsB. mattersC. appealsD. deceivesA. urgentB. possibleC. necessaryD. simpleA. interestedlyB. patientlyC. frequentlyD. hopefullyA. faithfulB. trustyC. immediateD. publicA. sincereB. acceptableC. privateD. positiveA. botherB. reduceC. regretD. ignoreA. promotionB. criticismC. appreciationD. identificationA. personalityB. willC. reasonD. desireA. attemptB. involveC. commitD. avoidA. financiallyB. professionallyC. academicallyD. physicallyA. avoidanceB. admissionC. involvementD. eliminationA. fulfillmentB. statementC. occupationD. strategy四、阅读理解4、【来源】 2017年上海松江区高三二模（A篇）第56~59题8分2017年上海闵行区高三二模第56~59题8分If your in-box is currently reporting unread messages in the hundreds or thousands, you might have a hard time believing the news: e-mail is on the decline.At first blush, that might seem to be the case. The incoming generation, after all, doesn't do e-mail. Oh, they might have an account. They use it only as we would a fax machine: as a means to communicate with old-school folks like their parents or to fulfill the sign-up requirements of Websites. They rarely check it, though.Today's instant electronic memos—such as texting and Facebook and Twitter messages—are more direct, more concentrated, more efficient. They go without the salutation（称呼语）and the signoff; we already know the "to" and "from". Many corporations are moving to messaging networks for exactly that reason: more signal, less noise and less time. This trend is further evidence that store-and-forward systems such as e-mail and voicemail are outdated. Instead of my leaving you a lengthy message that you pick up later, I can now send you an unobtrusive, easily-consumed message that you can read—and respond to—on the go. The decline of e-mail corresponds neatly to the dawn of the mobile era. Instantaneous（及时）written messages are different. These are neatly tailored to fit in just about any time: before a movie, in a taxi, waiting for lunch. And because these notes are invariably brief, they're a natural for smartphone typing. With these formats, you also have control over who can correspond with you, which you usually don't in e-mail. And especially on Facebook, instant messaging can take on the character of a chat room, where several people can talk at once.Does this mean e-mail is on its way to the dustbin of digital history? Not necessarily. E-mail still has certain advantages. On the other hand, tweets and texts feel TAL#NBSP ephemeral—you read them, then they're gone, into an endless string, e-mail still feels like something you have and that you can file, search and return to later. It's easy to imagine that it will continue to feel more appropriate for formal communications: agreements, important news, longer explanations.So, e-mail won't go away completely. Remember, we've been through a transition like this not so long ago: when e-mail was on the rise, people said that postal mail was dead. That's not how it works. Postal mail found its smaller niche, and so will e-mail. Technology rarely replaces an institution completely; it just adds new avenues.(1) What would the incoming generation like to do with their e-mail accounts?A. Contact close friendsB. Send long messagesC. Fill in some formsD. Communicate with their colleagues(2) Which of the following is mainly discussed in the paragraph 3 and 4?A. The possible reasons behind the decline of e-mail.B. The likes and dislikes of the young generation.C. The rapid development of e-communication channels.D. Evidence about the uncertain future of easily-consumed messages.(3) What does the underlined word "TAL#NBSP ephemeral"in paragraph 5 mean?A. Automatically-sendingB. Randomly-writtenC. Hardly-recognizedD. Shortly-appearing(4) According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. It's too early to determine the decline of e-mail.B. E-mail has reasons to exist on its own advantage.C. E-mail, just like postal mail has come to its end.D. We should feel sorry for the decline of e-mail.5、【来源】 2017年上海松江区高三二模（B篇）第60~62题6分(1) The Fox News review mentioned the first party scene in the film to.A. reveal the fact that Nick wants to know more about GatsbyB. show the version of Rhapsody in Blue matches the film wellC. prove that the director is good at combining visual and musicD. convince us that the first scene is perfectly shot by the director(2) According to Time Magazine, what did Baz Luhrmann do to make the film a success?A. He adapted the story in the novel as he wished.B. He made the film more powerful than the book.C. He mixed his style with the elegance of the book.D. He changed the story to meet his own style.(3) Which of the following can be used to describe Gatsby?A. Faithful and warm-hearted.B. Charming and professional.C. Selfish and charming.D. Mysterious and devoted.6、【来源】 2017年上海松江区高三二模（C篇）第63~66题8分2017年上海闵行区高三二模第63~66题8分The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately merciful reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination. Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense.There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend. It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients, colleagues, and government.The behaviors under question are multifactorial in origin. There are familial（家庭的）, religious, and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school. For example, countries, cultures, and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are very normal. There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is common; there are homeswhich cultivate young people with high standards of moral behaviour and others which leave moral training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society. The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour applicants with positive moral behaviour. Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for cultivating future doctors with moral sensitivity. Unfortunately there are troubling data that suggest that during medical school the moral behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve; indeed, moral development may actually stop or even regress（倒退）.It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example on moral behaviour. Medical schools must do something to make sure that their students are expected to be clear from day one. The development of a school's culture of moral behaviour requires cooperation with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and developing. Moreover, the school's examination system and general treatment of students must be fair. Finally, the treatment of infractions must be firm, fair, transparent（透明的）.(1) What does the author say about cheating in medical schools?A. Extensive research has been done about this phenomenon.B. We have sufficient data to prove that prevention is possible.C. We know that this phenomenon exists in every medical school.D. We still need more reliable data to know how serious it is.(2) According to the author, it is important to prevent cheating in medical schoolsbecause.A. the medical profession is based on trustB. there is zero tolerance of cheating in medicineC. the medical profession depends on the governmentD. cheating exists extensively in medical schools(3) Which of the following statements will the author probably agree with?A. Medical schools should make a less competitive environment for students.B. Outstanding people should create a set of moral standards to be followed.C. Medical students should be positive in creating and preserving moral behavior.D. We should focus on the cause-and-effect of the cheating in exams in medical schools.(4) Which of the following can be implied from the passage?A. It makes little sense to talk about medical school student cheating in exams.B. Medical schools haven't been doing well to help students develop morally.C. Cheating in exams is tolerable outride of medical school circle.D. Elimination of exams helps cultivate healthier characters of medical school students.五、信息匹配7、【来源】 2017年上海松江区高三二模第67~70题8分2017年上海闵行区高三二模第67~70题8分The worst time to look for a job is when you feel desperate and must have a new one immediately.1If you are not in need of an immediate career change, here are ways you can improve your long-term career prospects today:Identify at least two different roles. You do not have to be qualified for these positions today, nor do they have to exist in your company. However, these roles should be related to your current skill set. They are career options that look interesting.2Pay close attention to what appeals to you, and write it down. This will give insight into your motivations and targets.Subscribe to a career specific magazine. Knowledge is power in the workplace. All businesses must stay relevant to their customers in order to win the competitions and increase revenue（收益）. Reading about industry trends, advancements and success stories keeps you in touch with market conditions. This information allows you to see which companies and professionals are leading the pack. You can follow their examples in your own workplace.3Do exceptional work. In any role, there is a way to perform at your best. Look for ways to deliver a top performance. Show up early, be flexible to new assignments, have a positive attitude, cooperate with other departments, pay attention to the little details.Be professionally curious. Talk to people about their careers. Learn more about how success is measured in other roles, departments and companies. Ask people their thoughts on different industries.4People hire people. You never know what connections may be relevant when you start your next job search, so develop a habit of making good connections no matter where you go. Take the time to learn about others, and be helpful when you can.As in all things in life, getting in front of a different task early is always less stressful than reacting to a career surprise. Changing jobs is to be expected. No matter how secure you feel today, the time will come when either you or your employer decide it is time to change.A. If you associate with distinguished people, you are likely to find yourself with better opportunities.B. Challenge yourself to expand your business knowledge through interactions with people at regular time.C. In addition, the chances, if any, are low that you can find a satisfactory job in an economic situation like this.D. Once you have a couple of targets, think about why and what interests you.E. That is to say, the people you keep company with determine your character development.F. Job searching under pressure often results in nervous interviewing and decision-making from relatively few options.六、阅读简答8、【来源】 2017年上海松江区高三二模第71题5分2017年上海闵行区高三二模第71题5分Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.There are various means consumers can do if they find that an item they bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claims. A simple and common method used by many consumer is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo does not work". The store manager may advise the consumer to writeto the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer's rights.七、翻译9、【来源】 2017年上海松江区高三二模第72~76题10分Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 看孩子们在沙滩上打排球很有趣。
2017年上海市秋考高考英语试卷(精校Word版含答案)
2017年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）Section A:Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and delete which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. The man should stop the program. B. The program is too difficult to learn.C.She can help the man learn the program.D. The man should keep learning the program.2.A. They like reading today's paper.B. They are interested in today’s paper.C. They found nothing interesting in today’s paper.D. They have no idea what the paper is about.3. A. In a library. B. In a concert. C. In a park. D. In an exhibition.4. A. Feed the dog. B. Clean the dog's house.C. Give the dog a bath.D. Find something to eat.5. A. Expensive. B. Cheap. C. Unsuitable. D. Unnecessary.6. A. Maths test. B. English test. C. Biology test. D. History test.7. A. Because he was in Chengdu.B. Because the concert was held in Chengdu.C. Because he was too tired to attend the concert.D. Because the concert was not good enough.8. A. H e couldn’t help Mary. B. He could lend Mary his bicycle.C. Mary could ask someone else for help.D. Professor hanks would help Mary.9. A. Doctors should not lecture people about life styles.B. Doctors’ own life styles are different from others.C. She doesn’t t agree with the man.D. Doctors’ lecture is of little use.10. A. He likes watching instead of playing. B. He is a good team sports player.C. He doesn't like any kinds of sports.D. He likes taking part in team sports.Section BDirections:In section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation , after each passage or conversation , you will be asked several questions , the passage and the conversation will be read twice , but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question , read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 1l through 13 are based on the following talk.11. A. Buy some small bottles to hold shampoo.B.Collect samples of shampoo for holiday use.C.Take more clothes in case of emergency.D.Roll up clothes to save space and reduce wrinkling.12. A. Put a lock on the suitcase.B.Take a plain case instead of an expensive one.C.Draw some symbols on the suitcase.D.Do not take a suitcase.13. A. How to keep yourself safe during a holiday.B. How to make the packing easier for a trip.C. How to keep yourself away from theft.D. How to make your suitcase simple and plain.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can increase the rate of learning.B.It can help gather related information.C.The information can be easily recalled.D.It makes remembering information difficult.15. A. Reading and thinking alone. B. Talking about a movie to friends.C.Writing down what they've read.D. Read the information loudly.16. A. Related information is put together logically.B.All the information is put together.rmation is related and can be recalled.D.You can recall any information anytime.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Cutting down public water supply during part of a day in some cities.B.Finding the efficient ways to change the public toilet.C.Suggestions for the public to change their bathrooms.D.How to save water by making changes to the bathrooms.18. A. Change the toilet. B. Use a water-saving shower head.C. Brush teeth once a day.D. Use toilets as less as possible.19. A. 6 liters. B. 10 liters. C. 20 liters. D. 16 liters.20. A. How to use water when the public supply is cut.B. How to make the best use of water.C. Criticizing people for wasting water.D. How to protect water from pollution.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In the presence of animalsA professor of public health at UCLA says that pet ownership might provide a new form health care. As far back as the 1790s, the elderly at a senior citizens’home in England 21__________ (encourage) to spend time with farm animals. This would help patients’ mental sate more than the cruel therapies 22__________ (use) on the mentally ill at the time. In recent years, scientists have finally begun to find proof 23__________ contact with animals can increase a sick person’s chance of survival and has shown 24__________ (lower) heart rate, calm upset children, and get people to start a conversation.Scientists think that animals companionship is beneficial 25__________ animals are accepting and attentive, and they don’t criticize or give orders. Animals have the unique ability to be more social. For example, visitors to nursing homes get more social responses from patients when they come with animal companions.Not only do people seem 26__________ (anxious) when animals are nearby, but they may also live longer. Studies show that a year 27__________ heart surgery, survival rates for heart patients were higher for those with pets in their homes than those without pets. Elderly peoplewith pets make fewer trips to doctors than those without animal companions, possibly because animals relieve loneliness. Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind, 28__________ (result) in a favorable environment for everyone.Research confirms that the findings concerning senior citizens can be applied to restless children. They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with 29__________ company they tend to calm down more easily. They involve 30__________ in playing with animals and the presence of animals conforms them greatly.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.scanner can unlock the system. It requires no buttons to be pressed, being always ready to read your face. Android users can expect similar 32______ as well.For the millions of people who will soon depend on facial recognition to check their email, send a text or make a call, it wi ll be quick, easy and pretty “cool” to use. However, as we grow 33______to the technology, we cannot become numb to the problems that come with it.Facial recognition is already used everywhere. In China, police use the technology to identify people who jaywalk (乱穿马路). In the United State, more than half of all adults are in a facial recognition database that can be used for criminal investigation. Governments, however, are not the only users of facial recognition. Retailers use the technology in their stores to identify 34______ shoplifters. One social media app in Russia allows strangers to find out who you are just by taking a photo of you.However, different users of facial recognition produce different levels of accuracy. Camera distance, lighting, facial pose all affect the accuracy. Officials at the New York Police Department, for example, have 35______ at least five misidentifications by their facial recognition system. If the iPhone’s new system is similarly 36______, no one will consider it to be acceptable security for our personal information. 37______ it probably won’t be. But for many of the systems elsewhere, mistakes and 38______ of privacy might be unavoidable.As the smartphone of choice for many users, the iPhone’s 39______ of facial recog nition may encourage consumers to accept the technology elsewhere. However, even as we choose to we explore the convenience facial recognition might offer, we should also be suspicious of the many ways it can be used. Facial recognition may well be 40______. Its risks need not be!III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to “do what you love.” But mastering a skill, even one that you deeply love, 41___ a huge amount of dull work. Anyone who want to master a skill must run through the cycle of practice, 42___ feedback, modification, and increasing improvement again, again and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be 43___ or boring.Why?The difference may turn on the ability to enter into a state of “follow,” the feeling of being completely 44___ in what you are doing. Whether you call it being “in the zone,” or something else, a flow state is a special experience. Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed the 45___ of flow in the 1970’s, it has been a mainstay of positive-psychology research. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has well-defined goals and is at a(n) 46___ skill level, and where the individual is able to 47___ their performance to clear and immediate feedback.Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most 48___ entered into flow states had an “autotelic personality(自带目的性人格)”—a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills. Autotelic individuals are receptive and open to new challenges. They are also 49___ and have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their capacity for “disinterested interest” have a great 50 over others in developing their innate abilities.Fortunately for those of us who aren’t 51___ blessed with an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be 52___ by environmental factors. 53___, the learning framework prescribed by Montessori schools seems to encourage flow states.While there isn’t (yet) a pill that can turn mundane practice into a thrilling activity for anyone, it is heartening that we seem, at least to some 54___, to be able to nudge ourselves toward flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimal 55___, and a task set at a moderate level of difficulty, we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we love doing.41.A. inquires B. requires C. acquires D. gains42.A. preventable B. maintainable C. sustainable D. critical43.A. frustrating B. encouraging C. concerning D. instructing44.A. improved B. indicated C. involved D. inspired45.A. concept B. receipt C. reception D. condition46.A. alternative B. appropriate C. approximate D. sufficient47.A. make B. adopt C. adapt D. adjust48.A. fully B. really C. readily D. accidentally49.A. generous B. persistent C. courageous D. resistant50.A. addict B. advance C. advantage D. admire51.A. necessarily B. obviously C. gradually D. occasionally52.A. forbidden B. functioned C. fastened D. facilitated53.A. In particular B. For example C. In conclusion D. In comparison54.A. intention B. extent C. purpose D. intent55.A. temptation B. charming C. attractions D. distractionsSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)The adaptation of books to the big screen is nothing new to our society. Books have become well-respected tools for creating a better Hollywood. However, films should be just as respected for their ability to create better writers.The main skill films help writers develop is attention to progress. Most directors and screenwriters know that the majority of people are not willing to sit through a five-hour film. Thus, every scene must have a purpose. This is a vital objective to keep in mind when writing a novel or short story. With most writing courses placing emphasis on literary techniques, it is easy to become more invested in diction than with actually moving the plot forward. Films remind the writer that while a novel ought to have some degree of literary complexity, the goal at the end of each chapter, page, or sentence is simple:keep the story moving. Films not only help writers develop a plot, but also help writers develop specific moments within their stories. Although writing a means of expression, not all things are easy to express in writing, especially facial expressions and emotions. Films allow writers to study the bodily and emotional actions that make characters read more realistically and make stories more tempting.Lastly, sometimes it takes a film to bring about a story idea in the first place. Stop using a horribly specific or extremely uninteresting prompt. A pleasing theme or aesthetic can be enough to inspire a character or setting. As writers , whether fiction or independent, our works often arise from the things we see around us or the thins we wish we could see. Nonetheless, our works also arise from the visuals that have been created for us. As literature continues to enter the film industry, perhaps we should make use of film techniques in our literature.56.Reminded by films, a writer can move the plot forward by .A.keeping in mind that every word should mean somethingB.providing a description of as many details as possibleC.paying attention to further enhancing literary complexityD.choosing the perfect word to go with his/her thought57.According to the passage, films help writers develop in many aspects except .A.studying the bodily and emotional actionsB.focusing on keeping the story movingC.developing specific moments within their storiesD.creating complex stories in their works58.The word “prompt”(paragraph 3) probably means .A.a reason to writeB.a topic to start fromC.an excuse to put off workingD.an element to attract relationship59.Which of the following statements best represents the author’s thoughts in this passage?A.Book writers are the ones promoting the growth of the film industry.B.Directors and screenwriters are more respected than fiction writers.C.Writers should spend more time on wording rather than on other things.D.Filmmaking technique could help book writers to improve themselves.(B)American AirlinesDate of Issue: 233 JAN10Ping Luo:Thank you for choosing American Airlines/American Eagle, a member of the one world TM Alliance. Below is your journey plan for the ticket(s) purchased. Please print and keep possession of this document for use throughout your trip.Record locator: HPMDLHYou may check in and obtain your boarding pass for U.S .domestic electronic tickets within 24 hours of your flight time online at AA. Come by using / checkin or at aSelf-Service Check-In machine at the airport. For faster check-in at the airport, scan the barcode at any AA Self-Service machine.Effective February 1, American Airlines will be cashless onboard all fights. For in-flight purchases, we will accept Citi○R/ AAdvantage○R MasterCard○R and other major credit or debit cards only. Cashless cabins will not be implemented onboard American Eagle and American Connection flights----only cash will continue to be accepted onboard those fights.60.The above document serves as .A.evidence of booked ticketsB.explanations of check-in policiesC.a reminder of airline regulationsD.an airline ticket and its confirmation61.During his journey, Ping Luo will .A.fly non-stop to his destinationB.arrive in Chicago in the late afternoon of the same dayC.have to stay at CHICAGO OHARE airport for two hoursD.reach his final destination on the next day62.according to the document, in order to check in at the airport faster, a passenger may .A.arrive at the airport far ahead of timeB.choose the seat in advancee a self-service machineD.contact the record locator online(C)There are classes for the mothers of babies, but there’s no helping with your mum and dad growing old.Old people’s wards are hell for old people. Geriatric wards are bedlam and bonkers. A toothless woman screaming when left alone, a cry that reaches the high hospital ceiling. A woman effing and blinding----the polite curtain will not protect her from the indignity of a nappy change.A woman who lives the same moment in repeat, dressed up for going home in a bright red, over the dressing grown, asking for the key to her house, saying over and over: “Am I going home today?”And though my mum, by the time she was released, knew that her life was charmed compared with the lives of the world’s refugees. It seems to me as if the plight of old people, while not a horrible as the plight of refugees, shares some of the horror. Just as we live in a society that hasn’t caught up with technology, the kind of moral choices it gives people, we also live in a world that hasn’t kept up with its ageing population. We have the advances in medical science and technology that have kept people alive longer, but not the advances in how to treat our ageing population. Society is lagging behind the old, failing and falling.There are certain small but piercing similarities between the treatment of the old and the treatment of refugees. The old are often displaced from their homes, moved out against their will;decisions are often made for them that they have no say over. Often, they are treated as fools or halfwits, crowded together in one place, given clothes that don’t belong to them, treated as a fallen tribe, incapable of any individuality. Nobody imagined my mother was a secretary of the Scottish peace movement, a primary teacher, a lifelong socialist, a witty woman. Out of hospital, my 85-year-old mum said:”going into hospital at my age puts years on you. God save from old people’s wards. You never think of yourself as old. You look across the ward and think, am I like that?”63.The treatment of the old is compared of that of the refugees in order to .A.prove they have a lot in commonB.show the terrible status of the oldC.display their similarities and differencesD.indicate that old people have to leave their home64.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Refugees lead a better life than old male patients.B.Old people are ill-treated due to their loss of individuality.C.The author’s mom is capable of teaching and being a socialist.D.The treatment of the ageing population doesn’t develop as science advances.65.The author’s mom felt that life in the hospital .A. made her much olderB. created her a mature womanC. enable her to look back at lifeD. let her full of gratitude to children66.The passage mainly discussed .A.the life of refugees and old peopleB.social responsibility to old womenC.improper treatment of old peopleD.preparing for ageing parentsSection CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.What would happen if the world suddenly went vegetarian?People become vegetarians for a variety of reasons. Some do it to make animal suffering, others because they want to pursue a healthier lifestyle. Still others are fans of sustainability or wish to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 67 And the more who make the switch, the more those perks would manifest on a global scale.Jarvis and other experts at Colombia’s International Centre for Tropical Agriculture carried out researches to see what might happen if meat dropped off the planet’s menu overnight.First, they examined climate change. Food production accounts for one-quarter to one-third of all greenhouse gas emissions from human activities worldwide, and the worst of responsibility forfamily of four emits more greenhouse gases because of the meat they eat than from driving two cars – but it is cars, not steaks, that regularly come up in discussions about global warming.69 Of the world’s approximately 12 billion acres of agricultural land, 68% is used for livestock. Should we all go vegetarian, ideally we would give at least 80% of that pastureland(牧场) to the restoration of grasslands and forests, which would capture carbon and further alleviate climate change.The remaining 10 to 20% of former pastureland could be used for growing more crops to fill gaps in the food supply. 70 That’s because one-third of the land currently used for crops is dedicated to producing food for livestock – not for humans.Summary Writing：Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Learning by Rote in the Digital AgeRote learning has become seen as an outdated method of teaching. The dictionary defines learning ‘by rote’ as: ‘from memory, without thought of the meaning; in a mechanical way’.The decline of rote learning has been quickened by technology. No one needs to memorize friends’ phone numbers or email addresses because such data is conveniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Two broke out when you can find the answer on the internet in about 6 seconds? But now there are voices for a need to return to rote learning.In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine and lawyering requires knowledge of cases and laws. Of course, being able to recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject.While the internet and computers have weakened the need for us to remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun.Drilling yourself-with flashcards or by repetition-is usually hard and boring work, which is why most people need their multiplication tables to be drilled into them by teachers or parents. Rote learning without a willing third party can be a battle of discipline and motivation. But mobile learning can make those flashcards and drills more appropriate to individual study; our digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress.Once you’ve acquired the essentials of a subject by rote learning, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.李雷宁愿受罚也不愿说谎。
2017届高三上学期英语开学考试试卷真题
2017届高三上学期英语开学考试试卷一、阅读理解1. 阅读理解Finding time to read is an important part of developing reading and writing skills for all kids. And there are many easy and convenient ways to make reading a part of each day —even when it’s tough to find time to sit down with a book.Car trips, waits in checkout lines and the doctor’s office are all opportunities for reading. Keep books or magazines in your car, or backpack to pull out whenever you’re going to be in one place for a while. Even if you can’t finish a boo k, read a few pages or discuss some of the pictures.Encourage kids to bring favorite books and magazines along wherever you go. While it’s attractive to provide electronic games and readers, be sure to alternate electronic media with plenty of opportunities to read traditional print books.Reading opportunities are everywhere you go. While riding in the car, for example, encourage kids to spot words and letters , turning it into a game .Even daily tasks like cooking can provide reading moments. Kids can assist you as you cook by telling you how much flour to measure. Give your child a catalogue to read while you sort through the mail. Ask relatives to send your child letters, e-mail, or text messages, and read them together. Help yourchild create letters or messages to send back to the relatives. These types of activities help kids see the purpose of reading and of print.Even when you’re trying to get things done, you can encourage reading. While cleaning, for instance, you might ask your child to read a favorite book to you while you work.Make sure kids get some time to spend quietly with books, even if it means cutting back on other activities, like watching TV or playing video games.Most important, be a reader yourself. Kids who see their parents reading are likely to imitate them and become readers, too!（1）What do we know about kids in Paragraph 3?A . They are suggested taking reading materials only.B . They can’t resist the desire of playing games.C . Reading and playing games can be done by turns.D . They are forbidden to play electronic games.（2）How does the author advise kids to keep in touch with relatives?A . Make written communication.B . Make a dialogue with each other.C . Learn skills from them.D . Read a catalogue together.（3）What can we learn from the last paragraph?A . The longest journey begins with the first step.B . God helps those who help themselves.C . Detail is the key to success.D . A fine example has boundless power.（4）What may be the best title for the text?A . Reading approachesB . Finding reading momentsC . Encouraging kidsto readD . What reading means to kids2. 阅读理解Walt had a strong commercial sense of what would appeal to the public.Disneyland，Walt Disney World，and finally the other Disney theme parks around the world all came about because Walt Disney insisted that he could build an amusement park that was so much bigger and better than other amusement parks that it shouldn’t even be called an amusement park.In 1940，he disclosed a plan to show Disney characters in their fantasy surroundings at a park across the street from the Disney studio in Burbank.The idea of an amusement park grew in Walt’s mind as he traveled through the US and Europe and visited attractions of all kinds.Walt was sure that an amusement park would be successful in the United States if it offered a “good show” that families could enjoy together，was clean，and had friendly employees.In 1948，he shared his concept with trusted friends，a modest amusement park with a central village including a town hall，a small park，railroad station，movie theater，and small stores.Outlying areas would include a carnival area and a western village.Soon he added spaceship and submarine rides，a steamboat，and exhibit halls.Four years later，he decided on “Disneyland” for the name and formed a company to develop the park，Disneyland，Inc.In 1953，he got Stanford Research Institute to examine the economic future of Disneyland and to find the perfect location.They broke ground in July,1954，and one year later，Disneyland opened.Within 7 weeks，a million visitors had visited Disneyland，making it one of the biggest tourist attractions in the US.Walt combined his talent and his sense of what the public would want with lots of hard work.In 1960，with a mixture of huge successes and failures，Disney had created something that was successful beyond Walt’s own dreams.（1）What did Walt Disney want to show in his plan?A . His commercial sense.B . Disney studio.C . Disney characters.D . Fantasy surroundings.（2）What would a succe ssful amusement park be like in Walt’s opinion?A . Its service was free.B . It could show fantastic programs.C . It included attractions of all kinds.D . It could make families satisfied.（3）Which of the following is the correct order about Disneyland?a．It opened.b．The perfect location was found.c．They broke ground.d．It proved to be a great success.e．Its name was decided.f．Walt shared its outline with his friends.A . f，e，b，c，a，dB . e，b，c，a，d，fC . f，e，c，b，a，dD . a，e，b，c，f，d3. 阅读理解You use her as a shoulder to cry on. She texts you back with casual jokes. But she, Xiaoice, is only a virtual chatbot（虚拟聊天机器人）.Xiaoice, Microsoft’s latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, and returned to WeChat in 2015, where she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily, The New York Times reported. On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official account. After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice.“Her incredible learning ability was w hy people loved to talk with Xiaoice,” Liu Jinchang, a researcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and Technology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis（表情符号）in conversations, Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting with users, China Daily reported.Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech companies, they are becoming smarter and more common. For instance, IBM’s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at Australia’s Deakin University, answering students’ questions about course schedules and financial aid. Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users.These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms, The New York Times pointed out. However, it may take decades before scientists develop a “Samantha”, the advancedchatbot seen in the fiction film Her. In the film, Samantha has a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were enthusiastic about this fantasy of virtual soul mates.（1）What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?A . She became a best seller.B . She became very powerful.C . She became a money maker.D . She became very popular.（2）Which of the following can Xiaoice do?A . Do housework.B . Spread messages.C . Identify various photos.D . Read news to its users.（3）Which company’s chatbot program can act as an academic consultant?A . Microsoft.B . IBM.C . Apple.D . Amazon.（4）What can be learned from the last paragraph?A . Chatbots will be applied to cars soon.B . Chatbots mainly run on smartphones now.C . Samantha is played by a US actor in the film.D . The film Her doesn’t interest many audience.4. 阅读理解Sunscreens can offer protection from two types of ultraviolet rays : UVB, which according to the Skin Cancer Foundation, are the chief cause of sunburn and play a key role in the development of skin cancer, and UVA, which get through the skin more deeply and are largely responsible for skin aging and wrinkling, as well as skin cancer risk. The SPF measurement on sunscreens refers to the UVB protection level —and the number may notmean what you think it does. SPF 15 doesn’t protect you from 15% of UVB rays, just as SPF 100 doesn’t protect you from 100% of the rays. In fact, as you get into the higher numbered SPF sunscreens , the difference in UVB protection is actually pretty small.Theoretically, though the increase in UVB protection with a super-high SPF sunscreen may be not worth considering, it may help, and certainly can’t hurt, to use it — that is, as l ong as you do so correctly. “The only downside is whether you’re giving yourself a sense of false security,” Dr. Gohara says.Indeed, as Dr. Wang also pointed out, when people choose increased SPFs, they may actually feel so protected by the product that they finally ignore proper sun protection. “When people use really high SPF products, they tend not to reuse, they tend to stay out in the sun much longer, and they don’t use other protective measures such as clothing and hats,” he says. Regardless of any increase in protection that a high SPF may or may not offer, one thing is certain: It doesn’t give your body a free pass from sunburns, aging, or cancers, and it doesn’t protect you from those things for any greater length of time than the lower SPF options. Both Dr. Wang and Dr. Gohara emphasized that, no matter what the SPF is, it’s important to reapply your sunscreen every two hours.（1）What rays can cause skin cancer according to the text?A . UVB . UVAC . UVBD . UVA&UVB（2）What can we know about SPF from Paragraph 1?A . It tells us the UVB protection level.B . It’s better to use highernumbered SPF.C . SPA100 means preventing 100% rays.D . There’s a big difference between SPF 50 and above.（3）Which of the following can replace the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 2?A . protectionB . disadvantageC . resultD . method（4）Why are we advised to reapply our sunscreen every two hours?A . We choose too low SPF products.B . The higher SPF can make us stay outside longer.C . Clothing and hats are not enough for sun protection.D . It can’t completely protect us from aging, sunburns or cancers.二、完形填空5. 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市松江二中高三上学期开学考英语试题 含答案
松江二中2013年新高三暑期学习检测（英语）(注：教材牛津版本)第I卷（共105分）-----松江新城校区王莉整理I. Listening ComprehensionSection ASection BSection CII. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. More emphasis should be placed, as you have suggested, ______ the development of theproducts for the children between 3years old to 10 years old.A. withB. onC. ForD. about26. –Which of those electronic dictionaries do you like most?--______. They are both expensive and of little use.A. BothB. NeitherC. NoneD. No one27. –Oh, no, look at this red paint on my dress. Why did the park paint the chairs?--Oh, that’s too bad. They ______ put a sign there.A. couldB. should haveC. mayD. must have28. Animals in the wild have to devote most of their time and energy ______ enough food to survive.A. to obtainB. to obtainingC. obtainingD. obtained29. I’m examining the article he has just finished ______ the possible mistakes in it.A. correctB. to correctC. correctedD. being corrected30. Apple fans are wondering how long it will be ______ iPhone 6 hits mainland China.A. whenB. untilC. thatD. before31. This kind of face cream promises ______ it uses natural ingredients ______ it will make yourskin smoother and brighter.A. that; and thatB. that; thatC. /; /D. /; that32. Despite the rule ______ mobile phones are forbidden in class my deskmate can’t help playingphone games occasionally.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where33. T he light in Emma’s room is still on. I guess she must be preparing for the exam, ______?A. mustn’t sheB. don’t IC. isn’t sheD. mustn’t I34. Water-filtration technology has advanced to the point ______ wastewater can be made safefor drinking, according to a new report.A. whetherB. thatC. whereD. how35. Up till now, the residents who had close contact with the three sick people ______ undermedical observation.A. putB. have putC. had been putD. have been put36. The return of toys ______ a generation ago, say experts, is largely a generational effect.A. introducingB. was introducedC. being introducedD. introduced37. Regular morning exercise makes your mind clear, thus ______ you to stay healthy andoptimistic for the whole day.A. allowedB. allowsC. has allowedD. allowing38. The police are looking into the accident, hoping to find out ______ that caused it.A. what it wasB. what was itC. how it wasD. how was it39. “You are very selfish. It’s high tim e you ______ that you are not the most important person inthe world,” Edgar said angrily to his boss.A. realizedB. have realizedC. had realizedD. are to realize40. In India more than one hundred languages are spoken, _______ only fourteen are recognizedas official.A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. with whichSection B(CNN)-- A former Microsoft executive and his son were aboard a turboprop airline that crashed Friday morning into two houses in East Haven, Connecticut, a family member told CNN.There has been "no official confirmation or ____41____ identification" that Bill Henningsgaard and his son were on board, but there is no reason to believe that it was not the two of them, his brother, Blair Henningsgaard, said.Also feared dead in the crash were two children -- ages 1 and 13 -- in one house, East Haven Mayor Joseph Maturo Jr. said. The other house was ____42____.National Transportation Safety Board investigators cannot ____43____ he number of people killed, saying there are reports of four to six people dead.Two bodies were seen inside the home but haven't been recovered because the home is ____44____, East Haven Fire Chief Douglas Jackson said at a press conference Friday afternoon.Fire ____45____ both houses, preventing firefighters from searching for victims, Jackson said, and the basement in the home ____46____ at least two victims was filled with water.Maturo said the children were in one house with their mother when the plane ____47____ shortly before 11:30 a.m. The mother escaped, he said.The fuselage entered one of the homes, Malloy said. The right wing of the airplane could be seen in the smoldering ____48____ of one house, and the left wing was in another house.NTSB investigators will examine whether the weather played a role in the crash. It was raining at the time of the crash.Bill Henningsgaard worked for Microsoft for 14 years, beginning in 1988. He ____49____ as vice president of sales for the western United States, Australia and New ZealandIII. Reading ComprehensionSection AAmerican presidents seem to age before our eyes. But common belief that high-office stress grays our leaders faster than ____50____ may be a myth, new research finds. ____51____, themajority of American presidents have lived longer than typical men of their times. The findings ____52____ to a body of research linking high status to better health: ____53____,Oscar winners live longer than those who were only nominated; and the longevity (长寿) effect is also seen in Nobel Prize winners.The new study, which was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association ____54____ the dates of birth, inauguration and death of all 34 past presidents who died of natural causes. The ____55____ lifespan for these men should have been 68 years，____56____ they'd aged twice as fast during their years in ____57____ as the popular wisdom suggests they do.____58____, the study found, these presidents lived an average 73 years. And indeed, 23 of the 34 presidents who died of natural causes lived longer than ____59____, compared with other men their age during their lifetimes.Some presidents ____60____ an exceptionally long time: Gerald Ford died at 93. 5 years, and Ronald Reagan at 93.3. All ____61____ living presidents have already exceeded their life expectancy, or are likely to do so.So why do people at the top of the hierarchy fare better than those below? ____62____ to wealth, education and the best health care of their times would seem to be obvious factors ____63____ medical attention seems to have actually killed President Garfield, who died from a fatal ____64____--introduced by his doctors' unsterilized (未消过毒的) treatment techniques after he was shot by an assassin.50. A) usual B) regular C) typical D) standard51. A) In brief B) In addition C) In fact D) In consequence52. A) tend B) point C) devote D) add53. A) For instance B) By contrast C) In essence D) Above all54. A) signified B) regulated C) testified D) analyzed55. A) universal B) average C) appropriate D) maximum56 .A) if B) lest C) for D) until57. A) duty B) place C) office D) force58. A) Instead B) Therefore C) Hence D) Meanwhile59. A) suspected B) expected C) identified D) confirmed60. A) survived B) covered C) lasted D) extended61. A) persistently B) virtually C) formally D) currently62. A) Appeal B) Access C) Entrance D) Channel63. A) unless B) because C) although D) since64 .A) syndrome B) diagnosis C) prescription D) infection Section BAYou’re busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Let’s assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn’t it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University?More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university. Registrars at mostwell-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week.Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them “impostor s (骗子)” ; another refers to them as “ special cases”. One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by “no such people”.To avoid complete lies, some job-seekers claim that they “ attended” or “ were associated with” a college or university. After carefully checking, a personnel officer may discover that “attending” means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that “being associated with” a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century—that’s when they began keeping records, anyhow.If you don’t want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony diploma. One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from “Smoot State University”. The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the “University of Purdue”. As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.65. The writer mainly wants to tell us that _____________A. college degrees can now be purchased easilyB. nowadays it is very hard for people to find jobsC. lying about college degrees is becoming a widespread problemD. employers are no longer interested in applicants’ actual performances66. The underlined word “utter” in the second paragraph means _______.A. thoroughB. carefulC. incompleteD. spoken67. Once finding applicants with false diplomas, most colleges would _______.A. keep the records of themB. drive them out of collegeC. avoid direct conflicts with themD. accuse them of such behavior68. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. US employers value their job applicants with a degree from top universities.B. University of Purdue and Purdue University are the same school.C. people with fake diplomas can get their first jobs in the US easily.D. people pay the same price for a fake diploma from different universities.BChasing DinosaursSchool is out and summer begins. But instead of spending the long hot months at home, Curtis, Eileen and Malcolm are whisked away by their parents to an old dark mansion in the mountains. Through the power of the bookshelf, they unlock the gateway to another world. Back in time, the children discover the wonder of time-travel isn’t just all fun and games. During the prehistoric times, they see the beauty and danger of a world where dinosaurs rule.Chasing the Dinosaurs is the first of a series that combines family, magic and a little bit of suspense in stories that celebrate art, history, and the pleasures of discovery.Katelyn Palmer never believed any harm could come from using someone in her college asthe hero of her first romance novel—the novel that jump-started her writing career. However, when Shane Hunter storms into town, demanding to meet the writer who used his identity, Katelyn is faced with more than her long-silent emotions. If Shane takes her to court for invasion of privacy, her career would be over. But Shane does not expect to be attracted to Katelyn. Author: Marie HigginsPublication Date: November 11, 2012A Father’s LoveFourteen year old David sets off to hunt the Christmas goose, a tradition that has been passed down from his grandfather. Before any geese are spotted, David and his sister, Rose, find themselves up a tree, hiding from an angry mother bear protecting her children. As night draws near, David and Rose fear for their lives. How can their father possibly find them in the dark and cold?Author: Lorhainne EckhartPublication Date: November 21, 2011The Night Before Christmas“The Night Before Christmas is the best known poem in the English langu age. If someone gave us its first line, most of us could recite the second line automatically.” --Bruce David Forbes Clement C. Moore is widely regarded as the very poet of Christmas Eve. The Night Before Christmas was originally published in the New York Troy Sentinel Newspaper in 1823.Author: Clement C. MoorePublication Date: August 31, 201269. Which of the following is TRUE about Dreaming of You?A. Katelyn’s writing career began owing to it.B. It described Marie Higgins’ first writing experience.C. Katelyn is taken to court by Shane.D. The main character of Katelyn’s novel is based on Shane Hunter.70. What happened in the book A Father’s Love?A. David went to the forest to cut down a Christmas tree.B. David and Rose’s lives were threatened in the forest.C. David and Rose’s father failed to find them.D. David and Rose went lost in the forest.71. We learn from the passage that _________.A. Dreaming of You is a romantic story between Katelyn and Shane.B. A Father’s Love is the last one to be published of the books mentioned.C. the children go to another world through a wardrobe in Chasing Dinosaurs.D. Bruce David Forbes is famous for his Christmas PoemsC“I’m feeling a bit under the weather” is a common complaint in Britain, especially on Monday mornings, and it seems that weather really can be responsible for moods. Studies have shown that changeable weather can make it hard to concentrate, cloudy skies slow down reflexes, and high humidity with hot, dry winds makes many people irritable and snappy.If you live in a place like Britain, where the weather seems to change daily if not hourly, you could be forgiven for thinking that the weather is random. In fact the weather is controlled by systems which move around areas of the globe. In the UK the weather depends on depressions, often called “lows”, and anticyclones, also known as “highs”. These systems start in the Atlantic Ocean, and make their way across the British Isles from the west to the east. Highs bring sunny weather, while lows bring rain and wind.The human race has always tried to guess the weather, especially in areas of the world where there are frequent changes. Traditional rhymes point to early attempts to identify weather patterns, popular poems include: Red sky at night, shepherds’ delight; Red sky in the morning, shepherds’ warning, Ash leaf before the oak, then we will have a summer soak; Oak leaf before the ash, the summer comes without a splash, Flies will swarm before a storm.Rain before 7, clear by 11.Two other popular traditional ways of forecasting the weather used pine cones and seaweed. When the air has a high level of humidity there is a higher chance of rain, when the humidity is low, there is more chance of fine weather. Pine cones and seaweed react to changes in humidity - pines cones open, and seaweed feels dry when the humidity is low, while high humidity has the opposite effect. A recent study by an Australian psychologist suggests that certain people may have a special gift for predicting the weather. However it is possible that these people would use their talent in another way, since the same group had considerable success in forecasting changes in another chaotic system- the stock market.It appears that a study of weather patterns may also enable scientists to predict the outbreak of disease. An Ebola epidemic in Uganda in the year 2000 came after the same rare weather conditions that had been present before an outbreak 6 years earlier. Efforts to limit the speed of airborne diseases such as foot and mouth, are also strongly dependent on favorable wind conditions.72. What does “I am feeling a bit under weather” in Para. 1 mean?A. I am feeling a bit annoyed.B. I am feeling a bit uncomfortable.C. I am feeling a bit worried.D. I don’t like such weather.73. What is true about British weather?A. It’s changeable but can be controlled.B. It’s controlled by depressions from Atlantic Ocean.C. It’s completely random and unpredictable.D. It is controlled by the alternation of highs and lows.74. Which is the following suggests the traditional ways of forecasting the weather?A. Using ships and balloons with monitoring equipment.B. Open pinecones and observing.C. Reciting traditional poems about weather.D. Observing pine cones and the seaweed.Some plants won't survive outside once temperatures begin to drop, so here are some tips for keeping plants healthy as you move them indoors.76. ___________________Because the climate varies widely across the country, the time to bring houseplants indoors in the fall also varies. As a general rule, Taylor suggests that a good time to make the move is when temperatures regularly dip below 60 degrees F. For specific plants or to determine when nighttime lows in the 50s might consistently occur in your area, contact your local agricultural extension service.77. ___________________Decide which plants you’re going to bring indoors well ahead of moving day. One thing to consider is the health of the plant. If a plant has been struggling to stay alive outdoors, bringing it indoors to low humidity, dry heat and low light levels will increase the stress on it and you. Give priority to healthy plants and those that have the most sentimental value. If some of your plants have increased in size and are about to burst out of their pots, it’s a good idea to buy any re-potting supplies you will need for this well in advance of moving day to avoid a last-minute rush to the nursery. Taylor recommends a high-quality potting soil, appropriate containers with drainage holes and appropriately sized plastic saucers to place under the pots to avoid staining hardwood floors or carpets when watering.78. ___________________The first thing to do is to thoroughly check the outside of the pot, the plants and the potting medium. Look for signs of hitchhikers, moss or mold on the pots and unwanted guests such as mealy bugs or spider mites on the foliage or earthworms, snails or ants in the potting mix. Scrub the exterior of dirty pots with a solution of 10 percent household bleach and then hose off the bleach solution. Then check the plants for dead or yellowing leaves, and cut them if shaping is required. Finally, several days before bringing the plant indoors, spray the foliage with an insecticidal soap.79. ___________________Before “moving day,” decide where you are going to place each of the plants you will bring inside. It’s always challenging to find the best place for a particular plant, Taylor says. A guide to doing that, he advises, is to place plants that require full sun near south-facing windows and plants that only need partial sun in an east- or west-facing window. One other option he suggests homeowners consider is to use indoor plant lights, which, he adds, are a popular and affordable solution wh en you’re faced with less-than-ideal locations for houseplants.80. ___________________Pots will not dry out as fast indoors as they did in the summer heat, and plants will grow more slowly indoors than they did under strong light conditions. Therefore, they don’t need as much water in the house as they did on the patio. Make sure the soil is dry to the touch before watering. Succulents will need water less often than foliage plants.Section DCreative thinking is the process which we use when we come up with a new idea. Brainstorming is the name given to a situation when a group of people meet to generate new ideasaround a specific area of interest. It is one form of creative thinking and works by combining someone else’s ideas with your own to create a new one. You are using the ideas of others as a stimulus for your own.Brainstorming will help you come up with new ideas. And not only will you come up with new ideas but you will do so with surprisingly little effort. Brainstorming makes the generation of new ideas easy and is a tried-and-tested process. Exactly what you apply brainstorming techniques to depends on what you want to achieve. You can apply them to develop new products, services and processes in your job, or you can apply them to develop your personal life.What is traditional brainstorming? The normal view of brainstorming is that a group of people sit in a room and shout out ideas as they occur to them. They are told to relax themselves and that no ideas will be judged so that people are free to shout out any ideas at all without feeling uncomfortable. The purpose of this is to gain as many ideas as possible. Out of the many ideas suggested there will be some of great value.What is advanced brainstorming? The model we propose is an extension of the traditional brainstorming scenario and makes the whole process more effective. Advanced brainstorming builds on the current methods of brainstorming to produce more original ideas in a more efficient way. Most of the problems associated with traditional brainstorming disappear as a more effective process if used.(Note: No more EIGHT words)81. Brainstorming is the process which we can create a new idea by ________________________________________.82. Brainstorming techniques can be applied to ________________________________________________________.83. In traditional brainstorming, why are people allowed to shout out ideas freely?84. Compared with traditional brainstorming, the advantage of advanced one is making ____________________ .I. Translation1. 乘客不允许携带危险品进地铁。
2017年上海市秋考高考英语试卷(精校Word版含答案)
2017年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）Section A:Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and delete which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. The man should stop the program. B. The program is too difficult to learn.C.She can help the man learn the program.D. The man should keep learning the program.2.A. They like reading today's paper.B. They are interested in today’s paper.C. They found nothing interesting in today’s paper.D. They have no idea what the paper is about.3. A. In a library. B. In a concert. C. In a park. D. In an exhibition.4. A. Feed the dog. B. Clean the dog's house.C. Give the dog a bath.D. Find something to eat.5. A. Expensive. B. Cheap. C. Unsuitable. D. Unnecessary.6. A. Maths test. B. English test. C. Biology test. D. History test.7. A. Because he was in Chengdu.B. Because the concert was held in Chengdu.C. Because he was too tired to attend the concert.D. Because the concert was not good enough.8. A. H e couldn’t help Mary. B. He could lend Mary his bicycle.C. Mary could ask someone else for help.D. Professor hanks would help Mary.9. A. Doctors should not lecture people about life styles.B. Doctors’ own life styles are different from others.C. She doesn’t t agree with the man.D. Doctors’ lecture is of little use.10. A. He likes watching instead of playing. B. He is a good team sports player.C. He doesn't like any kinds of sports.D. He likes taking part in team sports.Section BDirections:In section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation , after each passage or conversation , you will be asked several questions , the passage and the conversation will be read twice , but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question , read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 1l through 13 are based on the following talk.11. A. Buy some small bottles to hold shampoo.B.Collect samples of shampoo for holiday use.C.Take more clothes in case of emergency.D.Roll up clothes to save space and reduce wrinkling.12. A. Put a lock on the suitcase.B.Take a plain case instead of an expensive one.C.Draw some symbols on the suitcase.D.Do not take a suitcase.13. A. How to keep yourself safe during a holiday.B. How to make the packing easier for a trip.C. How to keep yourself away from theft.D. How to make your suitcase simple and plain.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can increase the rate of learning.B.It can help gather related information.C.The information can be easily recalled.D.It makes remembering information difficult.15. A. Reading and thinking alone. B. Talking about a movie to friends.C.Writing down what they've read.D. Read the information loudly.16. A. Related information is put together logically.B.All the information is put together.rmation is related and can be recalled.D.You can recall any information anytime.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Cutting down public water supply during part of a day in some cities.B.Finding the efficient ways to change the public toilet.C.Suggestions for the public to change their bathrooms.D.How to save water by making changes to the bathrooms.18. A. Change the toilet. B. Use a water-saving shower head.C. Brush teeth once a day.D. Use toilets as less as possible.19. A. 6 liters. B. 10 liters. C. 20 liters. D. 16 liters.20. A. How to use water when the public supply is cut.B. How to make the best use of water.C. Criticizing people for wasting water.D. How to protect water from pollution.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In the presence of animalsA professor of public health at UCLA says that pet ownership might provide a new form health care. As far back as the 1790s, the elderly at a senior citizens’home in England 21__________ (encourage) to spend time with farm animals. This would help patients’ mental sate more than the cruel therapies 22__________ (use) on the mentally ill at the time. In recent years, scientists have finally begun to find proof 23__________ contact with animals can increase a sick person’s chance of survival and has shown 24__________ (lower) heart rate, calm upset children, and get people to start a conversation.Scientists think that animals companionship is beneficial 25__________ animals are accepting and attentive, and they don’t criticize or give orders. Animals have the unique ability to be more social. For example, visitors to nursing homes get more social responses from patients when they come with animal companions.Not only do people seem 26__________ (anxious) when animals are nearby, but they may also live longer. Studies show that a year 27__________ heart surgery, survival rates for heart patients were higher for those with pets in their homes than those without pets. Elderly peoplewith pets make fewer trips to doctors than those without animal companions, possibly because animals relieve loneliness. Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind, 28__________ (result) in a favorable environment for everyone.Research confirms that the findings concerning senior citizens can be applied to restless children. They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with 29__________ company they tend to calm down more easily. They involve 30__________ in playing with animals and the presence of animals conforms them greatly.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.scanner can unlock the system. It requires no buttons to be pressed, being always ready to read your face. Android users can expect similar 32______ as well.For the millions of people who will soon depend on facial recognition to check their email, send a text or make a call, it wi ll be quick, easy and pretty “cool” to use. However, as we grow 33______to the technology, we cannot become numb to the problems that come with it.Facial recognition is already used everywhere. In China, police use the technology to identify people who jaywalk (乱穿马路). In the United State, more than half of all adults are in a facial recognition database that can be used for criminal investigation. Governments, however, are not the only users of facial recognition. Retailers use the technology in their stores to identify 34______ shoplifters. One social media app in Russia allows strangers to find out who you are just by taking a photo of you.However, different users of facial recognition produce different levels of accuracy. Camera distance, lighting, facial pose all affect the accuracy. Officials at the New York Police Department, for example, have 35______ at least five misidentifications by their facial recognition system. If the iPhone’s new system is similarly 36______, no one will consider it to be acceptable security for our personal information. 37______ it probably won’t be. But for many of the systems elsewhere, mistakes and 38______ of privacy might be unavoidable.As the smartphone of choice for many users, the iPhone’s 39______ of facial recog nition may encourage consumers to accept the technology elsewhere. However, even as we choose to we explore the convenience facial recognition might offer, we should also be suspicious of the many ways it can be used. Facial recognition may well be 40______. Its risks need not be!III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to “do what you love.” But mastering a skill, even one that you deeply love, 41___ a huge amount of dull work. Anyone who want to master a skill must run through the cycle of practice, 42___ feedback, modification, and increasing improvement again, again and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be 43___ or boring.Why?The difference may turn on the ability to enter into a state of “follow,” the feeling of being completely 44___ in what you are doing. Whether you call it being “in the zone,” or something else, a flow state is a special experience. Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed the 45___ of flow in the 1970’s, it has been a mainstay of positive-psychology research. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has well-defined goals and is at a(n) 46___ skill level, and where the individual is able to 47___ their performance to clear and immediate feedback.Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most 48___ entered into flow states had an “autotelic personality(自带目的性人格)”—a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills. Autotelic individuals are receptive and open to new challenges. They are also 49___ and have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their capacity for “disinterested interest” have a great 50 over others in developing their innate abilities.Fortunately for those of us who aren’t 51___ blessed with an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be 52___ by environmental factors. 53___, the learning framework prescribed by Montessori schools seems to encourage flow states.While there isn’t (yet) a pill that can turn mundane practice into a thrilling activity for anyone, it is heartening that we seem, at least to some 54___, to be able to nudge ourselves toward flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimal 55___, and a task set at a moderate level of difficulty, we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we love doing.41.A. inquires B. requires C. acquires D. gains42.A. preventable B. maintainable C. sustainable D. critical43.A. frustrating B. encouraging C. concerning D. instructing44.A. improved B. indicated C. involved D. inspired45.A. concept B. receipt C. reception D. condition46.A. alternative B. appropriate C. approximate D. sufficient47.A. make B. adopt C. adapt D. adjust48.A. fully B. really C. readily D. accidentally49.A. generous B. persistent C. courageous D. resistant50.A. addict B. advance C. advantage D. admire51.A. necessarily B. obviously C. gradually D. occasionally52.A. forbidden B. functioned C. fastened D. facilitated53.A. In particular B. For example C. In conclusion D. In comparison54.A. intention B. extent C. purpose D. intent55.A. temptation B. charming C. attractions D. distractionsSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)The adaptation of books to the big screen is nothing new to our society. Books have become well-respected tools for creating a better Hollywood. However, films should be just as respected for their ability to create better writers.The main skill films help writers develop is attention to progress. Most directors and screenwriters know that the majority of people are not willing to sit through a five-hour film. Thus, every scene must have a purpose. This is a vital objective to keep in mind when writing a novel or short story. With most writing courses placing emphasis on literary techniques, it is easy to become more invested in diction than with actually moving the plot forward. Films remind the writer that while a novel ought to have some degree of literary complexity, the goal at the end of each chapter, page, or sentence is simple:keep the story moving. Films not only help writers develop a plot, but also help writers develop specific moments within their stories. Although writing a means of expression, not all things are easy to express in writing, especially facial expressions and emotions. Films allow writers to study the bodily and emotional actions that make characters read more realistically and make stories more tempting.Lastly, sometimes it takes a film to bring about a story idea in the first place. Stop using a horribly specific or extremely uninteresting prompt. A pleasing theme or aesthetic can be enough to inspire a character or setting. As writers , whether fiction or independent, our works often arise from the things we see around us or the thins we wish we could see. Nonetheless, our works also arise from the visuals that have been created for us. As literature continues to enter the film industry, perhaps we should make use of film techniques in our literature.56.Reminded by films, a writer can move the plot forward by .A.keeping in mind that every word should mean somethingB.providing a description of as many details as possibleC.paying attention to further enhancing literary complexityD.choosing the perfect word to go with his/her thought57.According to the passage, films help writers develop in many aspects except .A.studying the bodily and emotional actionsB.focusing on keeping the story movingC.developing specific moments within their storiesD.creating complex stories in their works58.The word “prompt”(paragraph 3) probably means .A.a reason to writeB.a topic to start fromC.an excuse to put off workingD.an element to attract relationship59.Which of the following statements best represents the author’s thoughts in this passage?A.Book writers are the ones promoting the growth of the film industry.B.Directors and screenwriters are more respected than fiction writers.C.Writers should spend more time on wording rather than on other things.D.Filmmaking technique could help book writers to improve themselves.(B)American AirlinesDate of Issue: 233 JAN10Ping Luo:Thank you for choosing American Airlines/American Eagle, a member of the one world TM Alliance. Below is your journey plan for the ticket(s) purchased. Please print and keep possession of this document for use throughout your trip.Record locator: HPMDLHYou may check in and obtain your boarding pass for U.S .domestic electronic tickets within 24 hours of your flight time online at AA. Come by using / checkin or at aSelf-Service Check-In machine at the airport. For faster check-in at the airport, scan the barcode at any AA Self-Service machine.Effective February 1, American Airlines will be cashless onboard all fights. For in-flight purchases, we will accept Citi○R/ AAdvantage○R MasterCard○R and other major credit or debit cards only. Cashless cabins will not be implemented onboard American Eagle and American Connection flights----only cash will continue to be accepted onboard those fights.60.The above document serves as .A.evidence of booked ticketsB.explanations of check-in policiesC.a reminder of airline regulationsD.an airline ticket and its confirmation61.During his journey, Ping Luo will .A.fly non-stop to his destinationB.arrive in Chicago in the late afternoon of the same dayC.have to stay at CHICAGO OHARE airport for two hoursD.reach his final destination on the next day62.according to the document, in order to check in at the airport faster, a passenger may .A.arrive at the airport far ahead of timeB.choose the seat in advancee a self-service machineD.contact the record locator online(C)There are classes for the mothers of babies, but there’s no helping with your mum and dad growing old.Old people’s wards are hell for old people. Geriatric wards are bedlam and bonkers. A toothless woman screaming when left alone, a cry that reaches the high hospital ceiling. A woman effing and blinding----the polite curtain will not protect her from the indignity of a nappy change.A woman who lives the same moment in repeat, dressed up for going home in a bright red, over the dressing grown, asking for the key to her house, saying over and over: “Am I going home today?”And though my mum, by the time she was released, knew that her life was charmed compared with the lives of the world’s refugees. It seems to me as if the plight of old people, while not a horrible as the plight of refugees, shares some of the horror. Just as we live in a society that hasn’t caught up with technology, the kind of moral choices it gives people, we also live in a world that hasn’t kept up with its ageing population. We have the advances in medical science and technology that have kept people alive longer, but not the advances in how to treat our ageing population. Society is lagging behind the old, failing and falling.There are certain small but piercing similarities between the treatment of the old and the treatment of refugees. The old are often displaced from their homes, moved out against their will;decisions are often made for them that they have no say over. Often, they are treated as fools or halfwits, crowded together in one place, given clothes that don’t belong to them, treated as a fallen tribe, incapable of any individuality. Nobody imagined my mother was a secretary of the Scottish peace movement, a primary teacher, a lifelong socialist, a witty woman. Out of hospital, my 85-year-old mum said:”going into hospital at my age puts years on you. God save from old people’s wards. You never think of yourself as old. You look across the ward and think, am I like that?”63.The treatment of the old is compared of that of the refugees in order to .A.prove they have a lot in commonB.show the terrible status of the oldC.display their similarities and differencesD.indicate that old people have to leave their home64.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Refugees lead a better life than old male patients.B.Old people are ill-treated due to their loss of individuality.C.The author’s mom is capable of teaching and being a socialist.D.The treatment of the ageing population doesn’t develop as science advances.65.The author’s mom felt that life in the hospital .A. made her much olderB. created her a mature womanC. enable her to look back at lifeD. let her full of gratitude to children66.The passage mainly discussed .A.the life of refugees and old peopleB.social responsibility to old womenC.improper treatment of old peopleD.preparing for ageing parentsSection CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.What would happen if the world suddenly went vegetarian?People become vegetarians for a variety of reasons. Some do it to make animal suffering, others because they want to pursue a healthier lifestyle. Still others are fans of sustainability or wish to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 67 And the more who make the switch, the more those perks would manifest on a global scale.Jarvis and other experts at Colombia’s International Centre for Tropical Agriculture carried out researches to see what might happen if meat dropped off the planet’s menu overnight.First, they examined climate change. Food production accounts for one-quarter to one-third of all greenhouse gas emissions from human activities worldwide, and the worst of responsibility forfamily of four emits more greenhouse gases because of the meat they eat than from driving two cars – but it is cars, not steaks, that regularly come up in discussions about global warming.69 Of the world’s approximately 12 billion acres of agricultural land, 68% is used for livestock. Should we all go vegetarian, ideally we would give at least 80% of that pastureland(牧场) to the restoration of grasslands and forests, which would capture carbon and further alleviate climate change.The remaining 10 to 20% of former pastureland could be used for growing more crops to fill gaps in the food supply. 70 That’s because one-third of the land currently used for crops is dedicated to producing food for livestock – not for humans.Summary Writing：Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Learning by Rote in the Digital AgeRote learning has become seen as an outdated method of teaching. The dictionary defines learning ‘by rote’ as: ‘from memory, without thought of the meaning; in a mechanical way’.The decline of rote learning has been quickened by technology. No one needs to memorize friends’ phone numbers or email addresses because such data is conveniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Two broke out when you can find the answer on the internet in about 6 seconds? But now there are voices for a need to return to rote learning.In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine and lawyering requires knowledge of cases and laws. Of course, being able to recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject.While the internet and computers have weakened the need for us to remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun.Drilling yourself-with flashcards or by repetition-is usually hard and boring work, which is why most people need their multiplication tables to be drilled into them by teachers or parents. Rote learning without a willing third party can be a battle of discipline and motivation. But mobile learning can make those flashcards and drills more appropriate to individual study; our digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress.Once you’ve acquired the essentials of a subject by rote learning, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.李雷宁愿受罚也不愿说谎。
2017-2018-松江二中-高三上摸底考
松江二中2017学年第一学期高三英语周测一（2017年9月7日）I. Listening Comprehension （略）II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.“When John F Kennedy visited the NASA space center, he saw a janitor(看门人)_____21____(carry ) a broom(扫帚)and he walked over and asked what he was doing. The janitor responded:” Mr. President, I’m helping put a man on the moon.”Mark Zuckerberg, now the fifth-richest man in the world, spoke about how in the beginning, he never expected to start Facebook, and certainly never expected it to become a company. All ____22______he knew was that people wanted to connect each other more. And so with that idea and with that purpose, he was able to build Facebook into _____23______it is today.I read this speech and it resonated with me, not only with Mark Zuckerberg that purpose creates true happiness, but also that purpose is what allows humans to push ______24_____to do the impossible.For example, just last year, I began a project____25_______(call) the China-Ghana(加纳) Changemaker Program. I wanted to provide an opportunity for students to actually try changing other people’s lives for better. We wanted our “Chinese Changemakers” to work together local “Ghanaian Changemakers” to start social enterprises----business with a product or service specially designed to solve a problem in society.”A lot of people called me crazy. Staff at the United Nations said our idea was impossible. But this summer, our school class of Chang e m a kers____26______(start) their businesses in Ghana. We are making _____27______impossible possible.So how can you find your purpose? It all starts with an idea. But where _____28___-(find) ideas? Don’t make excuse like “I’m too busy preparing for the gaokao.” Make time to find ideas.And you might be thinking, “ I don’t know how to change the world!” well, no one does at first. No ideas is perfect at the beginning. It takes a lot of hard work to make an idea _____29___(clear). Be prepared to fail and to be called crazy.But if you never get started, your idea will never have a chance. You think you have a good idea? Go_____30_____it! And you might just find that changing the world isn’t as far as you thought.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. particularlyB. spreadC. simplyD. communicatingE. trendF. reliesG. creative H. time-saving I. lowers J. chosen K. closenessThese days, young people in some English-speaking countries are speaking a strange language, especially when _________31____ on social media.Look at these words _____32________by The Washington Post: "David Bowie dying is totes tradge,” and "When Cookie hugged Jamal it made me totes emosh." Or this sentence: "BAE, let me know if you stay in tonight."What on earth do they mean? Well, "totes" is a short form of "total. Similarly, "tradge" means "tragic" and "emosh" means "emotional". It seems that, far millennials (千禧一代) , typing in this form is not only ______33_______ but fashionable.As you can see, many millennial slangs (俚语) are formed by so-called "totesing"-thesystematic abbreviation (缩写) of words. The _______34______ might have started with "totally" becoming "totes", but it now has ______35_______ to many other English words.The origins of other millennial slangs are more complex than "totesing". "Bae", for example, has been widely used by African-Americans for years. It can be an expression of _____36________ with one's romantic partner or, like "sweetheart", for someone without romantic connection. After pop singer Pharrell used the word in his work, "bae" became mainstream.Some people might think millennial slangs ________37_____the value of the English language, but Melboume University linguist(语言学家)Rosey Billington doesn't agree. She says when people are able to use a language in a ______38_______ way, they show that they know the language rules well enough to use words differently. Two other linguists, Lauren Spradlin and Taylor Jones. share the same view. The two analyzed hundreds of examples of totes-speak and discovered totesing has complex rootsIt isn't ______39_______ an adult version of baby talk, nor a clever way to minimize your word count. Rather, it is a highly organized system that _______40______ on a speaker's mastery of English pronunciation. It is about sounds, follows sound system of English and has strict rules.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or Phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.It’s been a year since I last saw my dad alive. He was chained to a hospital bed after months of neglect. His life came to a tragic end because our plant marijuana (大麻) is federally 41 . As he desperately fought to survive long enough for me to say 42 , I arrived at the hospital in time to hear his silent, lonely, painful soul 43 to me. I heard my dad’s final message loud and clear.To most people, we lost the first registered caregiver in Montana. To me, I lost my King and my best friend. His 44 has made me feel more spoiled than ever, bringing me the most amazing friends from the community! They’ve been keeping me 45 , helping me heal, and they wait with me for my mom to come home from prison. When I fall, they bring 46 into my life, wipe my tears and make it easy to get back up.I wish I could thank my dad for all the amazing people his death has brought me, and all his selfless 47 . If I could, I would especially thank him for all the pain and 48 that has led the best of the best fighters to me.I would thank him for standing in the food bank lines when I was a teenager and he was broken and we were hungry.I would tell him how 48 I appreciate him for spoiling us with food when he had money and I would thank him for remembering to give back to the food banks! I’d hug him for going broke to buy me a(n) 50 and dryer when I was a young mom, so my kids and I didn’t have to go to a dangerous laundry to wash clothes.I would 51 to him for encouraging me to stay in Girl Scouts 52 I was in the tenth grade, despite what friends said about me. That taught me not to 53 what other people think!My dad didn’t have much to 54 because the Feds (联邦调查局成员) stole everything, but his death has made me feel rich 55 his heart was filled with gold. My memories are priceless.41. A. positive B. illegal C. skeptical D. sustainable42. A. thanks B. hello C. sorry D. goodbye43. A. shouting B. whispering C. lying D. complaining44. A. love B. honesty C. death D. identity45. A. calm B. patient C. strong D. independent46. A. luck B. knowledge C. success D. laughter47. A. sacrifices B. confidence C. conscience D. defence48. A. pride B. suffering C. relief D. sigh49. A. far B. soon C. much D. well49. A. forgetting B. remembering C. hesitating D. refusing50. A. washer B. cooker C. iron D. comb51. A. turn B. come C. talk D. bow52. A. after B. until C. before D. when53. A. value B. care C. ignore D. emphasize54. A. let out B. put off C. break down D. leave behind55. A. so B. though C. because D. butSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Your home is a reflection of you...We understand you want windows and doors that suit the look of your home as well as improve its energy efficiency (效率).At Award Windows & Doors we believe in building what you want rather than trying to persuade you to want what we have already built.Call us today and we will be happy to find out how we can build our windows and doors just for you and your home.Jordan PrimeauPh: (403)850-4174Fax: (403)451-1472E-mail: j primeau@awardwindoors comJosh StoverPh: (403)982-1107Fax: (403)982-1107E-mail: jstover@It is what's inside your home that mattersThat's why we make windows that count. Our energy efficient windows will provide the best comfort for your family and will save money on your energy bills all the year round.So you can concentrate on giving your family the things that matter most. Contact us to find out how our energy efficient windows can help you save on your energy costs all the year round, or visit us at our Renovations Showroom.3900-106 Ave SE, Calgary, AB (403)720-805556. According to the ads, the two companies are both expert at _____.A. making windows and doors that suit the look of your homeB. persuading people to want what have already been builtC. building windows that help save your energy costsD. building your doors completely to your taste57. The two ads are most probably about _____.A. managing money mattersB. environmental protectionC. architecture stylesD. home improvement & design58. If you prefer comfort as well as energy efficiency, you can______.A. call (403 )982-1107 or(403 )720-8055B. call (403)720-8055 or visit C. call at All Weather Windows or Award Windows & DoorsD. visit Renovations Showroom or Award Windows & Doors(B)Massive changes in all of the world’s deeply cherished sporting habits are underway. Whether it’s one of London’s parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the Superbowl rivaling the British Football Cup Final as a televised spectator event in Britain, the patterns of players and spectators are changing beyond recognition. We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture.That annual bicycle race, the Tour de France, much loved by the French, is a good case in point. Just a few years back it was a strictly continental affair with France, Belgium and Holland, Spain and Italy taking part in. But in recent years it has been dominated by Colombian mountain climbers, and American and Irish riders.The people who really matter welcome the shift toward globalization. Peugeot, Michelin and Panasonic are multi-national corporations that want worldwide returns for the millions they invest in teams. So it does them literally a world of good to see this unofficial world championship become just that.This is undoubtedly an economic-based revolution we are witnessing here, one made possible by communications technology, but made to happen because of marketing considerations. Sell the game and you can sell Coca Cola or Budweiser as well.The skillful way in which American football has been sold to Europe is a good example of how all sports will develop. The aim of course is not really to spread the sport for its own sake, but to increase the number of people interested in the major money-making events. The economics of the Superbowl are already astronomical. With seats at US ＄125, gate receipts alone were a staggering ＄10,000,000. The most important statistic of the clay, however,was the ＄10,000,000 in TV advertising fees. Imagine how much that becomes when the eyes of the world are watching.So it came as a terrible shock, but not really as a surprise, to learn that some people are now suggesting that soccer change from being a game of two 45-minute halves, to one of four 25-minute quarters. The idea is unashamedly to capture more advertising revenue, without giving any thought for the integrity of a sport which relies for its essence on the flowing nature of the action.Moreover, as sports expand into world markets, and as our choice of sports as consumers also grows, we will demand to see them played at a higher and higher level. In boxing we have already seen numerous, dubious world title categories because people will not pay to see anything less than a "World Title" fight, and this means that the title fights have to be held in different countries around the world!59. Globalization of sporting culture means that ___.A. more people are taking up sports.B. traditional sports are getting popular.C. many local sports are becoming internationalD. foreigners are more interested in local sports60. Which of the following is NOT related to the massive changes?A. Good economic returns.B. Revival of traditional gamesC. Communications technology.D. Marketing strategies.61 . What is the author’s attitude towards the suggestion to change soccer into one of four 25-minute quarters?A. Favorable.B. Unclear.C. Reserved.D. Critical.62.This massage mainly discuss ___A. the commercialization of sporting culture.B. the worldwide popularization of sports.C. the speculation in sporting eventsD. the restoration of sportsmanship(C)It is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as “hard”, the social sciences as “soft,” and the biological sciences as somewhere in between. This is interpreted to mean that our knowledge of physical system is more certain than our knowledge of biological systems, and these in turn are more certain than our knowledge of social systems. In terms of our capacity of sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects that a reverse order is more reasonable. We are able to sample earth’s social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived form the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.In contrast, our image of the astronomical universe, or even if earth’s geological history, ca easily be subject to revolutionary changes as new data come in and new theories are worked out. If we define the “security” of our image of various parts of the total system as the probability of their suffering significant changes, then we would reverse the order for hardness and as the most secure, the physical sciences as the least secure, and again thebiological sciences as somewhere in between. Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all simply because we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping is trivial records of biological systems. Records of the astronomical universe, despite the fact that we learnt things as they were long age, are limited in the extreme.Even in regard to such a close neighbor as the moon, which we have actually visited, theories about its origin and history are extremely different, contradictory, and hard to choose among. Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete and insecure.63. The word “paradox” (Line 1, Para. 1) means “_____”.A. implicationB. contradictionC. interpretationD. confusion64. According to the author, we should reverse our classification of the physical sciences as “hard” and the social sciences as “soft” because _______.A. a reverse ordering will help promote the development of the physical sciencesB. our knowledge of physical systems is more reliable than that of social systemsC. our understanding of the social systems is approximately correctD. we are better able to investigate social phenomena than physical phenomena65.. The chances of the physical sciences being subject to great changes are the biggest because _____.A. contradictory theories keep emerging all the timeB. new information is constantly coming inC. the direction of their development is difficult to predictD. our knowledge of the physical world is inaccurate66. We know less about the astronomical universe than we don about any social system because ______.A. theories of its origin and history are variedB. our knowledge of it is highly insecureC. only a very small sample of it has been observedD. few scientists are involved in the study of astronomySection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. It covered 15 acres, or 650,000 square feet.B. It doesn’t help if you don’t know what direction you need to go in a maze.C. In Ireland and Wales, pictures of mazes are put on jewelry and in paintings.D. Donnie Fulks and his four sons cut some paths here and there through the tall corn.E. Kids and adults have a wonderful time working together to find their way to the end.F. The Fulks family have made large profits from it.Even if thieves managed to enter a pyramid, they would probably never find their way out. Other ancient mazes have been found, from Sweden to New Mexico. Some are caved in rock or painted on cave walls, while others are built from dirt, stones or bricks._____68_________Mazes have been built into the tall hedges（树篱）of large gardens in England.In 1986 the Fulks family of Fredericksburg, Virginia, decided to create a maze in their cornfield on the Belvedere Plantation. _______68____________Soon this “Maize Maze” was so familiar that the Fulkses found themselves creating a new maze each year as a new crop filled the field.Some people return each year. To make it challenging for them, each corny maze is somewhat different fromthe previous ones. In 1998 the Fulks family invited the world-famous maze designer Adrian Fisher to create a huge maze.________69_________. Each new pattern was first worked out on a computer, and the one used in 2001 had to be explained eighteen times before it was just right. After it was finished, Donnie Fulks and his sons took a detailed drawing of the pattern divided into squares, and then started the cutting job. They then started cutting the design into the corn field.The Fulks family’s maze is open while the corn is tall. Visitors are given flags to mark their progress and to wave for help if they are quiet.___________70___________. Built into the 2001 maze were several surprises. It started in the center of the cornfield, making it the world’s only inside-out maze!V. TranslationDirection: Translate the following sentences into English ,using the words given in the brackets.1. 这个实验旨在验证他提出的理论。
松江二中高三第一学期英语第一次月考试卷
松江二中高三第一学期英语第一次月考试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AWhen I was a child of seven years old, my mother, on a holiday, filled my pocket with coppers(铜币). I went directly to a shop (25)________ they sold toys for children. On my way to the shop, I was charmed with the sound of a whistle in the hands of a boy I met, so I voluntarily offered and gave all my money for one. Then I came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle but disturbing all the family. After knowing the “bargain” I had made, my mother told me I had given four times as much for the whistle (26)________ it was worth.I was laughed at me so much for my folly by my sisters, brothers and cousins (27)________ I cried with vexation(烦恼). The reflection which put me in mind (28)________ good things I might have bought with the rest of the money gave me more anger than the whistle gave me pleasure.This impression (29)________(continue) on my mind, however, was afterward of use to me. Since then, every time I was tempted to buy some unnecessary thing, I said to myself, “Don’t give too much for the whistle, and I will save my money.”As I grew up, came into the world, and observed my actions, I thought I met many, very many, (30) ________ gave too much for the whistle.When I saw a beautiful, sweet-tempered girl married to an ill-natured, brute husband, I said to myself, “What a pity that she (31)________ pay so much for a whistle.”In short, I think that a great number of the miseries of mankind are brought upon them by the false estimate they have made of the value of things, and by their giving too much (32) ________ such things.BAlice Roosevelt Longworth, the eldest daughter of American President Theodore Roosevelt, was a writer and a popular hostess who gave many parties in Washington, D.C. She was also a famous gossip. In her home, where many powerful politicians came to visit, there was (33)________ cushion on the sofa which said, “If you don’t have anything good (34)________ (say) about anybody, come sit next to me.” Alice delighted in hearing the worst about people, but she treated gossip with a sense of humor, which makes important people seem more human.It is hard to imagine what Alice would think about all the gossip flying around the Internet today, and all the unpleasant comments people make on so cial media. She probably wouldn’t like it because the comments are aimed at ordinary people and they (35)________(mean) to be hurtful. The Internet is now filled with “trolls” who feel (36)________(entitle) to criticize others and shower negative comments on people they don’t even know.This “troll” behavior (37)________(become) an ugly trend and psychologists say it is harmful to society and to people’s mental health. When the Internet is filled with negative comments, we start to distrust (38)________ and only see their bad side. If you happen to be on the receiving end of unpleasant comments, it can cause depression, anxiety and pretty much ruin your life.However, trolls, at heart, may not be bad people. They may just get carried away by the unique characteristics: anonymity, distance and the use of written words. Anonymity, because no one knows who is making the comments. Distance, because the person receiving the comments seems far away. And because the Internet comments are made in writing, it is (39)________(easy) to say things that you wouldn’t say out loud.Humans are social creatures, so making comments about other people is as natural to us as (40)________(breathe) air. However, we should try to think carefully before we post a comment online and ask ourselves these questions: Am I being fair? Am I being hurtful? Is my comment really necessary?Section BDirection: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that thereWe’re a nation - a globe, in fact - obsessed with our hair. Analysts ____41____ the global hair products industry to be worth £22.6 billion – and growing at a rate of up to seven per cent a year.There seems to be no limit on what we’ll spend to avoid a bad hair day. But for devotees of an underground beauty movement, the secret lies in throwing away the shampoo, in fact all the hair products, for good. The ‘no-poo’ method, which ____42____ using natural substitutes or just water in place of shampoo and conditioner, is supported by several circles.Beauty insiders, including writers for women’s magazines and professional hairdressers, speak highly of how hair becomes thicker, fuller and brighter. And environmentalists who are mindful with money feel great joy at the lack of chemicals in and on their bodies - not to mention the ____43____ on their budgets.Now one devotee is hoping to take it mainstream. Lucy Aitken Read, whose book Happy Hair: The definitive guide to giving up shampoo was ____44____ last week, hasn’t used shampoo for two years and her glowing auburn hair is ____45____ in perfect condition.For her, the ____46____ came after reading a study that claimed women put 515 chemicals on their bodies daily. “I ____47____ thought ‘Ha! They didn’t research me!’” Aitken Read says. “Then I looked at the back of my shampoo bottle and realized there were loads of chemical components I didn’t recognize in the slightest.”Strangely it is oily hair that can benefit the most from giving up shampoo. The theory behind the ‘no-poo’ method is that shampoo ____48____ the hair of its natural oils, which causes the scalp(头皮) to ____49____ more oils to replace them. This results in oil overload – oily hair – which we then ____50____ to ‘fix’ with more shampoo. It’s a vicious circle and quite a brilliant success for the shampoo industry, because the more shampoo you use, the more you need to use and the more frequently you need to use it.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.I live in the land of Disney, Hollywood and year-round sun. You may think people in such a glamorous, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some ____51____ ideas about the nature of happiness.Many intelligent people still ____52____ happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deep, more abiding emotion.Going to an amusement park or a ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, ____53____ forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects ____54____ when the fun ends.I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has ____55____ to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant ____56____ to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells "happiness". But in memoir after memoir, celebrities ____57____ the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children and profound loneliness.Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be ____58____ satisfying. If he is honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment, for commitment is in fact quite ____59____. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most ____60____ features.____61____, couples that choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness. They can dine out whenever they want and sleep as late as they want. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night' s sleep or three-day vacation. I don't know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating ____62____ we can ever come to. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can ____63____ increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems ____64____. And it liberates us from ____65____: we now understand that all those rich and glamorous people who we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.51.A. ideal B. realistic C. abstract D. mistaken52.A. substitute B. equate C. replace D. unite53.A. temporarily B. eventually C. permanently D. adventurously54.A. begin B. end C. resume D. start55.A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything56.A. reply B. objection C. response D. access57.A. recover B. resolve C. reveal D. relieve58.A. less and less B. more and more C. more or less D. more than59.A. shameful B. grateful C. purposeful D. painful60.A. conflicting B. obliging C. enduring D. distinguishing61.A. Similarly B. Regrettably C. Slightly D. Specifically62.A. reservation B. realization C. recommendation D. restoration63.A. extremely B. originally C. genuinely D. remarkably64.A. priceless B. purposeless C. pointless D. painless65. A. happiness B. envy C. fun D. greedSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.ATwo dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller dolphin Grace showed off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that she’s even swimming at all. She doesn’t have a tail.Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap. When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it?” Her tra iner, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it - but her tail didn’t. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim bymoving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move anotherway - like a fish! She pushed herself forward through the water by moving herpeduncles from side to side.The movement put harmful pressure on Grace’s backbone. So a company offered tocreate a man-made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as sheswam but soft enough that it wouldn’t hurt her.The first time Grace wore the artificial tail. She soon shook it off and let it sink in the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still le arning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not at all. “The tail isn’t necessary for her to feel comfortable,” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion and build muscles.”Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her man-made tail gives people so much courage.66. When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her ________.A. physical buildB. potential abilityC. chance of survivalD. adaptation to the surroundings67. A man-made tail is created for Grace to ________.A. let her recover fasterB. make her comfortableC. adjust her way of swimmingD. help her perform better tricks68. The story of Grace inspires people to_________.A. stick to their dreamsB. treat animals friendlyC. treasure what they haveD. face difficulties bravelyBCityCabA Member of COMFORT DELGROComfortable airport & city transfers:MaxiCab (seats 6 passengers)Booking Hotline: +65 6542 8297… or book at the Airport Shuttle counter at Terminal 1 or Terminal 2MaxiCab Service RatesTransfer to Airport/other destination $35Hourly Service (per hour - minimum 2 hours) $35Applicable additional charges:-- Between midnight to 6 am, an additional $12 per transfer or per hour-- For en-route stop to final destination, an additional $5 per stop apply otherwise $20-- Administrative charges of 10% of total fare for all Credit Card paymentsPersonalized tours: Cabby tour highlightsTour 1: Singapore Lifestyle Experience Singapore Tour 2: City & Cultural ExperienceTour 3: Eastern Heartland Experience Cabby Tour Tour 4: Western Heartland Experience●Conducted by licensed taxi tourist guides approved by theTour 5: Singapore Round Island Tour Singapore Tourism Board●Exclusive private tours in 6-seater MaxiCabs, 4-seater MercedesTour 6: Farm VisitsLimoCabs and normal cabs●Flexible pick-up times and locations Tour 7: Singapore by Night Tour●Extension of additional attractions and restaurants upon request Tour 8: Local Favorite Food & AttractionsTours start from just $105 per vehicle Bookings call: +65 6542 5831 or +65 6542 8297.sg69. What taxi services can a tourist to Singapore have according to the passagea. specially-tailored tours around Singaporeb. transfers between the terminals at the airportc. personalized tours beyond Singapored. transfers between the airport and the citye. hourly private Singapore taxi servicef. airport & city goods deliveryA. a, d, eB. a, b, fC. b, c, eD. c, d, f70. If a tourist goes to the airport in a MaxiCab at 5 a.m. and pays by credit card, he / she has to pay _________.A. $47B. $38.5C. $55D. $51.771. If a tourist group intends to book one of the suggested tours in a 6-seater MaxiCab, it_______.A. has to register at .sgB. can choose the time and place to collect the groupC. may apply to the Singapore Tourism BoardD. must first pay at least $105 as deposit72. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. A MaxiCab driver can stop on the way on request with extra charges.B. The cabby tour can show you around Singapore in the night time.C. A MaxiCab taxi tourist guide isn’t allowed to add scenic spots en route.D. Specially-trained taxi drivers operate various tours around Singapore.CWhy do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity? Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’re adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn’t destiny, and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn’t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.73. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is____.A. to see whether people’s personality affects their life spanB. to find out if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their healthC. to investigate the role of exercise in living a long lifeD. to examine all the factors contributing to longevity74. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?A. They have a good understanding of evolution.B. They are better at negotiating an agreement.C. They are generally more active and intelligent.D. They are more likely to get over hardship.75. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?A. Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.B. Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.C. Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.D. Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.76. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?A. Children’s personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.B. People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.C. Mothers’ influence on children may last longer than fathers’.D. Mothers’ negative personality characteristics may affect their children’s life spans.77. What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?A. Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one’s life span.B. Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.C. Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D. Health is in large part related to one’s lifestyle.DSpace exploration has always been the province of dreamers: The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity (创造力) struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the first science fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three centuries before the first manned rockets started to fly.In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade's end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. They resonated with optimism and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and transformed American society. And yet in many ways the two dreams ended up at odds with each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic(讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims.When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand follow-up to the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no successor. The endless argument is that funds are tight and that we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit, reaching toward the stars seems a dispensable luxury - as if saving one-thousandth of a single year’s budget would solve our problems.But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most bang from a buck. They will serve as modern Magellans, mapping out the solar system for whatever explorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could lie within reach of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could go mainstream.The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us - not just because of the way they expand human knowledge, or because of the spin-off technologies they produce, but because the two types of dreams feed off each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the idea that humans can transcend(超越) what were once considered inherentlimitations. Today we face seeming challenges in energy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will transcend these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the credit. The more evidence we collect that our species is capable of greatness, the more we will actually achieve it.78. The author mentions Cyrano de Bergerac in order to show that ________.A. imagination is the mother of inventionB. ingenuity is essential for science fiction writersC. it takes patience for humans to realize their dreamsD. dreamers have always been interested in science fiction79. How did the general public view Kennedy’s space exploration plan?A. It symbolized the American dream.B. It was as urgent as racial equality.C. It sounded very much like a dream.D. It made an ancient dream come true.80. What does the author say about America’s aim to explore space?A. It may not bring about immediate economic gains.B. It cannot be realized without technological innovation.C. It will not help the realization of racial and economic equality.D. It cannot be achieved without a good knowledge of the other worlds.81. What is the author’s attitude toward space programs?A. Critical.B. Reserved.C. Neutral.D. Supportive.II卷Translation1. 一有疑犯的消息请您立即联系当地警方。
上海市松江二中高三英语上学期开学考试试题牛津上海版
上海市松江二中2015届高三英语上学期开学考试试题牛津上海版第I卷（103分）I. Listening Comprehension(24分)Section A1. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher. D. A boss.2. A. In the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.3. A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. D. On foot.4. A. The English test took place a week ago.B. The woman was confident about the English test.C. Tomorrow’s English test will be easy.D. There won’t be an English test tomorrow.5. A. She doesn’t like English poetry. B. Poetry class is very popular.C. Dr. Robinson is easy to get along with.D. The course will be difficult.6. A. Five feet tall. B. Only one foot tall. C. Six feet tall. D. Seven feet tall.7. A. Go to the library. B. Go to see a film.C. Get some exercise.D. Do homework in school.8. A. It is 4: 10 now. B. It is 4: 20 now. C. It is 4: 50 now. D. It is 5:00 now.9. A. He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.B. He has made great progress in his English.C. He is a student of the music department.D. He is not very interested in English songs.10. A. He has always been so productive. B. He got his job done within a minute.C. He finished the paper just in time.D. He hasn’t finished his paper yet.Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short.C. When homework is given.D. When your mother talks.12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words.C. Your mind and ears.D. Some pictures.13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind.C. Some details.D. School assignments.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is based on individual need, personal goals and different life styles.B. It is decided by the healthiest lifestyle.C. It is based on some tests and comparison with standards.D. It is based more on individual needs than personal goals.15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.C. It is less enjoyable.D. It is less effective.16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.D. Some sports with significant training effect.Section CBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary（26分）Section A25. —Can he take charge of the computer company?—I’m afraid it is _________ his ability.A. beyondB. withinC. ofD. to26. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _________of them answered it.A. eitherB. noneC. neitherD. nobody27. The higher the oil price is, ___________to the global economy.A. the more damage will it causeB. the more it will cause damageC. the more damage it will causeD. the more will it cause damage28. _________at the very beginning, the financial crisis was getting worse and worse in America.A. Not dealt with properlyB. Not dealing with properlyC. Not having dealt with properlyD. Not being dealt with properly29. The custom of giving gifts at Christmas can be traced back to the Wise Men_________gifts to the baby Jesus.A. bringB. broughtC. bringingD. being brought30. The driver _________, according to the newspaper, to have been killed in the traffic accident.A. saidB. was sayingC. was saidD. had been said31. If a computer crashes, you will lose the file you _________unless you save it regularly.A. are workingB. workC. will workD. worked32. The building burnt down in a big fire. _________was the base on which it stood.A. What remainedB. All remainedC. What was remainedD. All what remained33. To our surprise, that top student in our class failed _________a scholarship.A. obtainB. obtainingC. to obtainD. obtained34. I feel honored to introduce Mr White to you, without _________consideration our projectwould have ended in failure.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. who35. _________advertisements are of great help, I don’t think we should entirely rely on them.A. SinceB. WhileC. OnceD. As36. No one knows _________ prevented the rumor from spreading.A. what was it thatB. what it was thatC. how it was thatD. why it was that37. _________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar forfurther research.A. So curious the couple wasB. So curious were the coupleC. So were curious the coupleD. So was the couple curious38.Joe’s_______ in the get-together surely brought us a lot of pleasure as he isa man with astrong sense of humour.A. joiningB. having been joinedC. joinedD. had joined39.After John stayed in shanghai for a couple of days, he got the impression _________the citywas very fascinating.A. whichB. whyC. whereD. that40. Don’t leave the chocolates _______Cathy can get them. They are not good for teeth.A. whetherB. in whichC. whereD. unlessIf you are a modern art lover, you should be sure to drop by the Saatchi Gallery during your visit to London. The 41 gallery was opened by Charles Saatchi, a British art collector famous for founding the Saatchi and Saatchi advertising agency with his brother. It moved from its old 42 in St. John’s Wood to its new home in County Hall near the Thames in the spring of 2003.Anyone who has heard reports in the past of the often shocking but always thought-provoking (激发) works on 43 at the Saatchi Gallery will not be disappointed when visiting the gallery’s new location. Along with the exhibits of new British artists, the gallery still includes the works of Damien Hirst, the Chapman brothers, and Tracy Emin in its permanent 44 .Of the artworks, one can see in the Saatchi Gallery, Hirst’s works are probably the most well-known. Hirst’s work first made headlines in the early 1990s when he 45 art from dead animals.Along with Hirst, the Chapman brothers, Dinos and Jake, also owe a certain amountof their fame to the Saatchi Gallery. It was through Saatchi that these two brothers came to 46 attention. At the gallery, visitors can see the brothers’ visionof Hell, made from 30, 000 plastic toy soldiers.Another artist 47 at the gallery who has grabbed headlines with her artis Tracy Emin. In 1998, Emin gave rise to argument when she sold her 48 , unmade bed to Saatchi as a work of art titled My Bed at ￡150, 000.Are any of these works really art? That is a question you will have to answerfor yourself when you visit the Saatchi Gallery. Charles Saatchi himself says, “I don’t have any ground rules for 49 art. Sometimes you look and don’t feel very comfortable with it—but that doesn't tell you very much. It doesn't ____50____ reveal much about the quality of the work.”III. Reading Comprehension （53分）Section AAround 15 million of us will leave a cup of tea to go cold today while a similar amount will forget where they put the keys to their house or car.Meanwhile, 12 million go to the shops only to 51 forget what they wentfor----and the same will forget about 52 washing in the machine, according to the survey 53 by .PIN numbers, passwords and chores such as taking food out of the freezer the night before and 54 your mobile phone also stood highly on the list. And more than one in ten 55 forgetting to buy a lottery ticket which may have 56 them a win.Modern busy lifestyles and increased 57 as well as modern technology were58 the increase in our levels of forgetfulness.A National Lottery spokesman said: “We are busier than ever in our work and personal lives and it seems we just have too much to remember for our 59 minds.”The study found the technology has also played a part, leaving us with more gadgets(小装置) than ever before to 60 and charge or take care of.61 work pressures it is within the home environment where most things are forgotten, such as credit card 62 , children’s school events or food related things.The study found one in four people have 63 an important appointment and nearly one in five have fallen out with a friend over a forgotten date or event.Women are much better than men in the report, failing to 64 an average of two and a half things every day 65 to 3.5 things for men.51. A. completely B. fortunately C. barely D. mostly52. A. freezing B. elegant C. formal D. wetSection B (A)I am a good mother to three children. I have tried never to let my profession stand in the way of being a good parent.I no longer consider myself the center of universe. I show up. I listen. I try to laugh. I was a good friend to my husband. I have tried to make marriage vows(誓约)mean what they say. I am a good friend to my friends, and they to me. Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today.So here ’s what I wanted to tell you today: Get a life. A real life, not a desire of the next promotion, the bigger paycheck, the larger house.Get a life in which you are not alone. Find people you love, and who loves you. And remember that love is not leisure, it is work. Pick up the phone. Send an e-mail. Write a letter. And realize that life is the best thing and that you have no business taking for granted. It is so easy to waste our lives, our days, our hours, and our minutes. It is so easy to exist instead of to live. I learned to live many years ago. Something really, really bad happened to me, something that changed my life in ways that, if I had my choice, it would never have been changed at all. And what I learned from it is what, today, seems to be the hardest lesson of all.I learned to love the journey, not the destination. I learned to look at all the good in the world and try to give some of it back because I believed in it, completely and totally. And I tried to do that, in part, by telling others what I had learned.66. How did the writer form her view of life?A. Through social experienceB. By learning from her friends 53. A.experimentedB. conductedC. appliedD. commanded 54. A. loadingB. forgettingC. chargingD. remarking 55. A. denyB. admitC. forbidD. avoid 56. A. entitledB. purchasedC. consumedD. cost 57. A. pressureB. rankC. logicD. weight 58. A. led toB. blamed forC. brought aboutD. confirmed 59. A. crowdedB. consciousC. impatientD. accurate 60. A. dive inB. insert inC. push inD. plug in 61. A. DespiteB. ThoughC. In spiteD. Moreover 62. A.illustrationsB. theftsC. paymentsD. journals 63. A. missedB. madeC. drawnD. concluded 64. A. ignoreB. remindC. recallD. assure 65. A. devotedB. contributedC. opposedD. comparedC. Through an unfortunate experienceD. From her children and husband67. The sentence “It is so easy to exist instead of to live.” means that people tend to _________.A. waste a lot in lifeB. work rather than enjoy lifeC. make a living rather live a real lifeD. forget the most important lessons in life68. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.A. The author likes travelling very muchB. The author did not try her best to work wellC. The author spent all her time caring for childrenD. the author is a success in personal life69. The best title for this passage probably is______.A. Love your friendsB. Live a real lifeC. Don’t waste timeD. Be a good wife and mother(B)OUR KIDS ARE AMAZING－especially compared with everybody else’s (who seem to cry all the time). How do you show your love for your kids this holiday season? With toys that are smooth and colorful, interactive and exciting. And with ones that have educational value－because you are the boss.70. Which toy is said to have the special design for children’s safety?A. ROBOSAPIENB. MINI PEDAL CARC. FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SETD. TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL71. Which toys are fit for three-year-old kids?A. 1 and 3.B. 2 and 4.C. I and 2.D. 3 and 4.72. This passage is written for __________.A. parentsB. childrenC. the salesmanD. the boss(C)Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone（臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.73. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there74. Earlier studies about northern forest fires _________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming75. Th e underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. disturbed76.From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canadaand Siberia may __________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy(D)Is Positive Thinking Powerful?The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right”into positive ones like “I can succeed”. But was the positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply stress how unhappy they are. The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by using older research showing that when people get feedback (反馈) which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your friend who is not very clever that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In the 1990s, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton conducted an experiment. The participants were asked to write essays opposing financial support for the disabled, expressing little sympathy for them. When these participants were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-respect. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.” Those with low self-respect didn’t feel better after the forced self-approval. In fact, their feelings turned significantly worse than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.The study provides support for newer forms for psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urgepeople to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, on the contrary, can teach people to realize their shortcomings from a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.77. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?A. There can be no simple solutions to psychological problems.B. Encouraging positive thinking may do harm to people.C. The power of positive thinking is limited.D. Unhappy people cannot think positively.78. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.A. you are pointing out the mistakes he has madeB. you are not taking his mistakes seriously enoughC. you are stressing the fact that he is not intelligentD. you are not trying to make him feel better about his faults79. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?A. Self-approval can bring a positive change to one’s feelings.B. People with low self-respect seldom write down their true feelings.C. It is important for people to continually improve their self-respect.D. Forcing people to think positive thoughts may lower their self-respect.80. It can be learned from the last paragraph that ______.A. people can avoid making mistakes through meditationB. different people tend to have different ways of thinkingC. meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapyD. the effects of positive thinking differ from person to person(E)Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions and complete the statements in the fewest possible words.An addiction（瘾）is an activity or substance we are eager to experience repeatedly, and for which we are willing if necessary to pay a price. Common addictions involve alcohol, cigarettes, food, drugs, gambling, etc. This article discusses the concepts which can be helpful in coping with addictive behavior.Relatively minor addictions, such as watching too much television, or lying in bed on weekend mornings, are often not even considered addictions, because the price paid for engaging in them is not high. On the other hand, we tend to use the term “addict” to describe the person who, at least in the eyes of others, continues to be addicted in a behavior long after it has become clear that the substantial price being paid was not worth the benefit. The individual who has lost career, house, family and friends because of cocaine (可卡因) use, but is unwilling to consider stopping is an unfortunate example.Negative addictions range from those with very minor negative consequences, to those as serious as the cocaine addict just mentioned, with much area in between. Although it is not necessarily true that a negative addiction grows stronger over time, yet a constant level of addictive behavior (e.g., overspending $ 200 a week ) can lead to an increasing level of negative consequences.You may be surprised to learn that addictions can also be considered positive. Positive addictions are those in which the benefits outweigh the price. A common example would be the habit of regular exercise. The price of membership in a gym, the time involved and any clothing expense is outweighed by the benefits of better health, energy, self-confidence and appearance. As with negative addictions, positive addictions may not get stronger over time, and there is a broad range of how much benefit is actually obtained.What is common to both positive and negative addictions is the urge to engage in the addictive behavior, and the satisfaction that is felt when the urge is acted upon. The urge is a state of tension and expectation that is experienced uncomfortably as a desire for the substance or activity. Because we experience relief when the urge is acted upon, there is an increased likelihood that we will act on the urge again.81. What does the passage mainly talk about?_______________________________________________.82.We use the term “addict”to describe a person when he or she goes on _______________eventhough he or she knows it is not worthwhile.83. Why is exercising in the gym considered to be a positive addiction?_______________________________________________.84. How do people feel when the urge is acted on?_______________________________________________.(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)第II卷（47分）I. Translation(22%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、中国文化与西方文化是不同的。
上海市松江二中高三上学期开学考试——英语英语
上海市松江二中2015届高三上学期开学考试英语试题第I卷（103分）I. Listening Comprehension (24分)Section A1. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher. D. A boss.2. A. In the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.3. A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. D. On foot.4. A. The English test took place a week ago.B. The woman was confident about the English test.C. Tomorrow’s English test will be easy.D. There won’t be an English test tomorrow.5. A. She doesn’t like English poetry. B. Poetry class is very popular.C. Dr. Robinson is easy to get along with.D. The course will be difficult.6. A. Five feet tall. B. Only one foot tall. C. Six feet tall. D. Seven feet tall.7. A. Go to the library. B. Go to see a film.C. Get some exercise.D. Do homework in school.8. A. It is 4: 10 now. B. It is 4: 20 now. C. It is 4: 50 now. D. It is 5:00 now.9. A. He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.B. He has made great progress in his English.C. He is a student of the music department.D. He is not very interested in English songs.10. A. He has always been so productive. B. He got his job done within a minute.C. He finished the paper just in time.D. He hasn’t finished his paper yet. Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short.C. When homework is given.D. When your mother talks.12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words.C. Your mind and ears.D. Some pictures.13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind.C. Some details.D. School assignments.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is based on individual need, personal goals and different life styles.B. It is decided by the healthiest lifestyle.C. It is based on some tests and comparison with standards.D. It is based more on individual needs than personal goals.15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.C. It is less enjoyable.D. It is less effective.16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.D. Some sports with significant training effect.Section CComplete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary（26分）Section A25. —Can he take charge of the computer company?—I’m afraid it is _________ his ability.A. beyondB. withinC. ofD. to26. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _________of them answered it.A. eitherB. noneC. neitherD. nobody27. The higher the oil price is, ___________to the global economy.A. the more damage will it causeB. the more it will cause damageC. the more damage it will causeD. the more will it cause damage28. _________at the very beginning, the financial crisis was getting worse and worse in America.A. Not dealt with properlyB. Not dealing with properlyC. Not having dealt with properlyD. Not being dealt with properly29. The custom of giving gifts at Christmas can be traced back to the Wise Men _________gifts to thebaby Jesus.A. bringB. broughtC. bringingD. being brought30. The driver _________, according to the newspaper, to have been killed in the traffic accident.A. saidB. was sayingC. was saidD. had been said31. If a computer crashes, you will lose the file you _________unless you save it regularly.A. are workingB. workC. will workD. worked32. The building burnt down in a big fire. _________was the base on which it stood.A. What remainedB. All remainedC. What was remainedD. All what remained33. To our surprise, that top student in our class failed _________a scholarship.A. obtainB. obtainingC. to obtainD. obtained34．I feel honored to introduce Mr White to you, without _________consideration our project would have ended in failure.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. who35. _________advertisements are of great help, I don’t think we should entirely rely on them.A. SinceB. WhileC. OnceD. As36. No one knows _________ prevented the rumor from spreading.A. what was it thatB. what it was thatC. how it was thatD. why it was that37. _________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.A. So curious the couple wasB. So curious were the coupleC. So were curious the coupleD. So was the couple curious38.Joe’s_______ in the get-together surely brought us a lot of pleasure as he is a man with astrong sense of humour.A. joiningB. having been joinedC. joinedD. had joined39.After John stayed in shanghai for a couple of days, he got the impression _________the citywas very fascinating.A. whichB. whyC. whereD. that40. Don’t leave the chocolates _______Cathy can get them. They are not good for teeth.A. whetherB. in whichC. whereD. unlessLondon. The 41 gallery was opened by Charles Saatchi, a British art collector famous for founding the Saatchi and Saatchi advertising agency with his brother. It moved from its old 42 in St. John’s Wood to its new home in County Hall near the Thames in the spring of 2003.Anyone who has heard reports in the past of the often shocking but always thought-provoking (激发) works on 43 at the Saatchi Gallery will not be disappointed when visiting the gallery’s new location. Along with the exhibits of new British artists, the gallery still includes the works of Damien Hirst, the Chapman brothers, and Tracy Emin in its permanent 44 .Of the artworks, one can see in the Saatchi Gallery, Hirst’s works are pro bably the most well-known. Hirst’s work first made headlines in the early 1990s when he 45 art from dead animals.Along with Hirst, the Chapman brothers, Dinos and Jake, also owe a certain amount of their fame to the Saatchi Gallery. It was through Saatchi that these two brothers came to 46 attention. At the gallery, visitors can see the brothers’ vision of Hell, made from 30, 000 plastic toy soldiers.Another artist 47 at the gallery who has grabbed headlines with her art is Tracy Emin. In 1998, Emin gave rise to argument when she sold her 48 , unmade bed to Saatchi as a work of art titled My Bed at ￡150, 000.Are any of these works really art? That is a question you will have to answer for yourself when you visit the Saatchi Gallery. Charles Saatchi himself says, “I don’t have any ground rules for 49 art. Sometimes you look and don’t feel very c omfortable with it—but that doesn't tell you very much. It doesn't ____50____ reveal much about the quality of the work.”III. Reading Comprehension （53分）Section AAround 15 million of us will leave a cup of tea to go cold today while a similar amount will forget where they put the keys to their house or car.Meanwhile, 12 million go to the shops only to 51 forget what they went for----and the same will forget about 52 washing in the machine, according to the survey 53 by .PIN numbers, passwords and chores such as taking food out of the freezer the night before and 54 your mobile phone also stood highly on the list. And more than one in ten 55 forgetting to buy a lottery ticket which may have 56 them a win.Modern busy lifestyles and increased 57 as well as modern technology were 58 the increase in our levels of forgetfulness.A National Lottery spokesman said: “We are busier than ever in our work and personal lives and it seems we just have too much to remember for our 59 minds.”The study found the technology has also played a part, leaving us with more gadgets(小装置) than ever before to 60 and charge or take care of.61 work pressures it is within the home environment where most things are forgotten, such as credit card 62 , children’s school events or food related things.The study found one in four people have 63 an important appointment and nearly one in five have fallen out with a friend over a forgotten date or event.Women are much better than men in the report, failing to 64 an average of two and a half things every day 65 to 3.5 things for men.51. A. completely B. fortunately C. barely D. mostly52. A. freezing B. elegant C. formal D. wet53. A. experimented B. conducted C. applied D. commanded54. A. loading B. forgetting C. charging D. remarking55. A. deny B. admit C. forbid D. avoid56. A. entitled B. purchased C. consumed D. cost57. A. pressure B. rank C. logic D. weight58. A. led to B. blamed for C. brought about D. confirmed59. A. crowded B. conscious C. impatient D. accurate60. A. dive in B. insert in C. push in D. plug in61. A. Despite B. Though C. In spite D. Moreover62. A. illustrations B. thefts C. payments D. journals63. A. missed B. made C. drawn D. concluded64. A. ignore B. remind C. recall D. assure65. A. devoted B. contributed C. opposed D. comparedSection B(A)I am a good mother to three children. I have tried never to let my profession stand in the way of beinga good parent.I no longer consider myself the center of universe. I show up. I listen. I try to laugh. I was a good friend to my husband. I have tried to make marriage vows(誓约)mean what they say. I am a good friend to my friends, and they to me. Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today.So here’s what I wanted to tell you today: Get a life. A real life, not a desire of the next promotion, the bigger paycheck, the larger house.Get a life in which you are not alone. Find people you love, and who loves you. And remember that love is not leisure, it is work. Pick up the phone. Send an e-mail. Write a letter. And realize that life is the best thing and that you have no business taking for granted.It is so easy to waste our lives, our days, our hours, and our minutes. It is so easy to exist instead of to live. I learned to live many years ago. Something really, really bad happened to me, something that changedmy life in ways that, if I had my choice, it would never have been changed at all. And what I learned from it is what, today, seems to be the hardest lesson of all.I learned to love the journey, not the destination. I learned to look at all the good in the world and try to give some of it back because I believed in it, completely and totally. And I tried to do that, in part, by telling others what I had learned.66. How did the writer form her view of life?A. Through social experienceB. By learning from her friendsC. Through an unfortunate experienceD. From her children and husband67. The sentence “It is so easy to exist instead of to live.” means that people tend to _________.A. waste a lot in lifeB. work rather than enjoy lifeC. make a living rather live a real lifeD. forget the most important lessons in life68. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.A. The author likes travelling very muchB. The author did not try her best to work wellC. The author spent all her time caring for childrenD. the author is a success in personal life69. The best title for this passage probably is______.A. Love your friendsB. Live a real lifeC. Don’t waste timeD. Be a good wife and mother(B)OUR KIDS ARE AMAZING－especially compared with everybody else’s (who seem to cry all the time). How do you show your love for your kids this holiday season? With toys that are smooth and colorful, interactive and exciting. And with ones that have educational value－because you are the boss.A. ROBOSAPIENB. MINI PEDAL CARC. FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SETD. TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL71. Which toys are fit for three-year-old kids?A. 1 and 3.B. 2 and 4.C. I and 2.D. 3 and 4.72. This passage is written for __________.A. parentsB. childrenC. the salesmanD. the boss(C)Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone（臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.73. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there74. Earlier studies about northern forest fires _________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming75. The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. disturbed76.From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may__________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy(D)Is Positive Thinking Powerful?The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed”. But was the positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply stress how unhappy they are. The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by using older research showing that when people get feedback (反馈) which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your friend who is not very clever that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In the 1990s, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton conducted an experiment. The participants were asked to write essays opposing financial support for the disabled, expressing little sympathy for them. When these participants were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In this experimen t, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-respect. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell thems elves, “I am lovable.” Those with low self-respect didn’t feel better after the forced self-approval. In fact, their feelings turned significantly worse than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.The study provides support for newer forms for psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, on the contrary, can teach people to realize their shortcomings from a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.77. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?A. There can be no simple solutions to psychological problems.B. Encouraging positive thinking may do harm to people.C. The power of positive thinking is limited.D. Unhappy people cannot think positively.78. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.A. you are pointing out the mistakes he has madeB. you are not taking his mistakes seriously enoughC. you are stressing the fact that he is not intelligentD. you are not trying to make him feel better about his faults79. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?A. Self-approval c an bring a positive change to one’s feelings.B. People with low self-respect seldom write down their true feelings.C. It is important for people to continually improve their self-respect.D. Forcing people to think positive thoughts may lower their self-respect.80. It can be learned from the last paragraph that ______.A. people can avoid making mistakes through meditationB. different people tend to have different ways of thinkingC. meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapyD. the effects of positive thinking differ from person to person(E)Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions and complete the statements in the fewest possible words.An addiction（瘾）is an activity or substance we are eager to experience repeatedly, and for which we are willing if necessary to pay a price. Common addictions involve alcohol, cigarettes, food, drugs, gambling, etc. This article discusses the concepts which can be helpful in coping with addictive behavior.Relatively minor addictions, such as watching too much television, or lying in bed on weekend mornings, are often not even considered addictions, because the price paid for engaging in them is not high. On the other hand, we tend to use the term “addict” to describe the person who, at least in the eyes of others, continues to be addicted in a behavior long after it has become clear that the substantial price being paid was not worth the benefit. The individual who has lost career, house, family and friends because of cocaine (可卡因) use, but is unwilling to consider stopping is an unfortunate example.Negative addictions range from those with very minor negative consequences, to those as serious as the cocaine addict just mentioned, with much area in between. Although it is not necessarily true that a negative addiction grows stronger over time, yet a constant level of addictive behavior (e.g., overspending $ 200 a week ) can lead to an increasing level of negative consequences.You may be surprised to learn that addictions can also be considered positive. Positive addictions are those in which the benefits outweigh the price. A common example would be the habit of regular exercise. The price of membership in a gym, the time involved and any clothing expense is outweighed by the benefits of better health, energy, self-confidence and appearance. As with negative addictions, positive addictions may not get stronger over time, and there is a broad range of how much benefit is actually obtained.What is common to both positive and negative addictions is the urge to engage in the addictive behavior, and the satisfaction that is felt when the urge is acted upon. The urge is a state of tension and expectation that is experienced uncomfortably as a desire for the substance or activity. Because we experience relief when the urge is acted upon, there is an increased likelihood that we will act on the urge again.81. What does the passage mainly talk about?_______________________________________________.82.We use the term “addict” to describe a person when he or she goes on _______________eventhough he or she knows it is not worthwhile.83. Why is exercising in the gym considered to be a positive addiction?_______________________________________________.84. How do people feel when the urge is acted on?_______________________________________________.(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)第II卷（47分）I. Translation(22%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、中国文化与西方文化是不同的。
松江二中2017学年度高一第一学期期末试卷
松江二中2017学年度第一学期期末考试英语试卷I. Vocabulary(20’)Section ADirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.1.New regulations are aimed at reducing vehicle .2.The management team is keen to resolve the over wages.3.The firm has won a ＄5 million to build ships for the navy.4.It is generally that stress is caused by too much work.5.I’m afraid your skills have never been fully appreciated or .6.The responsibilities of each team member need to be clearly .7.Recently, the police have launched a(n) to reduce road accidents.8.The results of experiments show that this approach is effective and .9.He is so deep in debt and for money that he’s apparently willing to say anything.10.The talks between the two countries have now been because of the terrorist attack.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.3D Food Printing, an Answer to World HungerThree-dimensional printers - machines that can create 3D objects from plastic, metal, etc. - can print about anything at the 1 of a button: custom toys, jewelry, home decorations andeven high-precision medical implants.Now we have arrived at a new frontier in 3D printing: food. Recent 2 have made possible machines that print, cook and serve foods on an industrial scale. There are also 3D printing-themed restaurants beginning to open too.The world’s first 3D restaurant, Food Ink, offers a(n) 3 3D printed dining experience, from the food to the cutlery(餐具). this kind of restaurant seems to be the perfect practice run for large scale printing of the future.With a population of 9.6 billion people predicted for the year 2050, 4 are rising about the sustainability of our meat and dairy industry. But now the technology of 3D printing might help 5 the pressure. Some experts believe printers that use hydrocolloids(凝胶), or substances that form gels with water, could be used to replace algae(藻类) and grass.3D food printing also 6 the opportunity for using creative ingredients. Eating insects is now considered as a more sustainable 7 to meat and dairy. Ground down(碾碎) to a paste, insects like mealworm(面包虫) provide a meaty taste and essential nutrients. For example, in one study 8 by the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, researchers added milled(磨碎的) mealworm to a cookie recipe. “The look of the worms put me off, but in the shape of a cookie, I’ll eat it,” said the lead researcher.3D food pri nting probably won’t solve world hunger, but it could 9 to the solutions. The process of making printed food is highly modular(模块化的), which means that 3D food printing can be readily undertaken in various parts of the globe. “This technology could be used to provide nutritious food for populations in ares affected by natural or man-made 10 ,” said Dr.Naficy of the University of Sydney.II. Grammar (20’)Section ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1. La Tomatina is held every year in Bunol, a town in the east of Spain.A. is locatedB. locatedC. being locatedD. to be located2. The dish has a special flavor. You can hardly imagine how it tastes you really taste it.A. sinceB. afterC. untilD. as3. Over the couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting,, because they think it is cruel, sharply.A. having risenB. have risenC. has risenD. rising4. in a fancy sports car or enjoying a beach holiday in a five-star hotel were once signs of showing off social status.A. SeeingB. SeenC. Being seenD. To see5. My father retired in 2008, he has been devoting his time to gardening.A. at whichB. since whenC. whenD. after that6. Our waste recycling project a lot of investigation and paperwork had been done by the end of last term.A. involvedB. to involveC. being involvedD. involving7.Don’t ask a lady such questions at the party might embarrass her in the presence of so many people.A. thatB. asC. whereD. who8. —Sir, I feel it complicated to apply to a university abroad.— Why not read our guide? This is the relevant information is available.A. whatB. howC. whereD. why9.Some people are calling for holidays like Christmas and Halloween because the younger generation seems to enjoy celebrating them and are forgetting about some of China's more traditional holidays.A. bannedB. to banC. banningD. to be banned10. — QQ, which costs less than traditional form, is popular as a means of communication.—A. So is WeChatB. So it is WeChatC.So does WeChatD.So WeChat isSection BDirections:Aftter reading the passages below, Jilt in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Millions with But One HeartSome of you may recognize the title of this article as coming from the English translation of China's inspirational national anthem March of the V olunteers: Arise! Arise! Arise! / Millions with but one heart / braving the enemies’ fire/ March on! It's the anthem you hear each Monday morning as the Five-Star Red Flag is raised at your school. This short ceremony, which is repeated at schools all over the country, is meant to instill a sense of national pride in students 1 we call patriotism.Patrio tism comes from the Latin word patria, which means one’s native land or homeland. And an individual who is proud of his or her “patria” is called a patriot. But it may surprise you to learn that the idea of patriotism and 2 (be) a patriot is relatively new —just a few hundred years old —and is the result of the “nation-state”: a “nation” being the common culture or ethnicity(种族属性) 3 (share) by a people, and a “state” being the government of a geographical area with clearly defined borders. Be fore the “nation-state,” people tended to identify their “patria” as the local area 4 they lived. For example, someone from Shanghai would say they were Shanghainese. That only changed when China became a nation-state in 1911 with the fall of the Qing Dynasty.But China’s history as a nation-state has been a rocky one. The road to unification was a struggle 5 exploiters and Japanese invaders. There were also Internal divisions that had to be overcome, and it was many years 6 China achieved the peace and prosperity it enjoys today. This is 7 you should not take the “patria” Monday morning flag raising ceremony lightly. The flag and the anthem are symbols of the great sacrifices made by your parents, grandparents an great-grand parents.The 19th National Congress of the CPC took place in Beijing in October. It has outlined China’s goals for the future as the county takes a 8 (great) leadership role in the world. This will be your future and, to a great extent, it will be your responsibility - your patriotic duty—_ 9 (contribute) to China’s success in fulfilling those goals. But “millions with but one heart” _ 10 surely do it!III. Reading Comprehension (45’)Section A (15’)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ambition is a necessary quality in life. It is the 1 which drives us on to use whatever talent we have got. If we ha ven’t got some degree of ambition, these talents will not be used for our own and others’ 2 .Ambition, 3 , can have several faults. First of all, it can be 4 . We may not be able to see the limits of our own abilities, so we do ambitious things that are completely beyond us. Our career masters can see our good qualities and our limitations 5 . They may tell us that we haven’t the ability to deal with people and would make good businessmen. We refuse to take their evaluation. We keep on trying. Many years and many 6 later we are forced to accept their 7 . But what a waste of time our ill-founded ambition has caused us!Secondly, our ambition can be too 8 . Our attention is devoted to one narrow aim, such as getting distinctions（荣誉）in a science subject. Everything that may draw us away from this aim is cut out of our lives. In the end we get our distinctions. But what 9 we have caused ourselves in the process! We are isolated beings only caring about a particular examination. And we probably won’t make good scientists. We 10 the breadth of vision（远见卓识）necessary for success at a higher level.Thirdly, our ambition can be limited to lifeless objectives. We want to gain money, or power, or membership of some circles. Persons who feel 11 try to make up by seeking the respect of others through possession of these artificial signs of worth.Fourthly, our ambition may be 12 . Instead of directing some of our ambitions towards community improvement, we may exploit members of the community in the interests of self-advancements. In later life we may be ambitious for the success of our children but we regard this success as only a further 13 of our own success.Ambition is necessary in the lives of individuals—necessary for their own improvement and for the improvement of the 14 in which they live. But, like all blind forces, it must be directed if it is not to cause disaster. It must be tightly controlled by the head and the heart. Otherwise ambition may demand too high a price 15 human qualities.1. A. means B. force C. courage D. action2. A. justice B. affection C. benefit D. emotion3. A. however B. therefore C. besides D. furthermore4. A. unpredictable B. unusual C. unrealistic D. unfavorable5. A. objectively B. positively C. amusingly D. negatively6. A. disappointments B. recoveries C. occasions D. miracles7. A. notice B. solution C. judgment D. measure8. A. devoted B. concentrated C. separated D. isolated9. A. damage B. doubt C. advantage D. effect10. A. appreciate B. lack C. own D. value11. A. depressed B. inferior C. confused D. confident12. A. self-centered B. self-disciplined C. self-motivated D. self-controlled13. A. time B. image C. design D. mark14. A. family B. community C. section D. position15. A. in exchange B. in addition to C. in view of D. in terms ofSection B（22’）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.AModern humans have a hard time controlling their desire to eat. Often you eat not because you are hungry, but because you are affected by many other things. How much you eat is strongly affected by how much those around you eat. People eating alone eat least. People eating with one other person eat 35 percent more than they do at home. People dining in a party of four eat75percent more. Eating with overweight friends? You’ll eat more. Is your waitress overweight? You’ll eat more. Wide variety of food? You’ll eat more.Plates can decide how sweet dessert tastes. If people ate it off a paper plate, they’d say, “This is good.” If they ate it off a fancy silver plate, they would say, “This is the greatest cake I’ve eatenin my entire life.”Your knowledge about what makes food good or bad also affects how much you eat. You tend to eat more when you think the food is good, and less when you think it is bad. So Grandma’s cookies always taste better than other cookies. “Good food” even has a “he alth halo(光环) effect”. If we’re eating something healthy, we feel that everything in that meal is healthy. Due to this, people often believe that a cheese cake with a salad has fewer calories than the cheese cake alone. That’s perhaps also why eating organ ic food might turn you into an annoying guy. Your brain may use anything that makes you feel good about your own morality to excuse your immoral behaviour .Food and hunger affect your judgment too. Hungry judges give more serious sentences. Kids who don’t eat breakfast behave worse than kids who eat their breakfast. People who have low blood sugar are more likely than the average person to have trouble concentrating and controlling their unpleasant emotions.76. What is mentioned as a cause of overeating?A. Suffering from great loneliness.B. Being served by a helpful waitress.C. Being treated to high quality food.D. Eating with many friends.77. According to the passage, people are more likely to make a bad judgment when ______.A. they don’t feel hungr yB. they aren’t overweightC. they have low blood sugarD. they know little about food78. What would be the best title for the passage?A. When Can’t We Go on a Diet?B. Why Affects Eating?C. How to Make Good FoodD. Where to Find Safe FoodB (You may read the questions first)Section ASection B79. section A and B are forms for those who want to apply for_____________A. enrollment in Virginia UniversityB. a job permit in VirginiaC. a scholarshipD. a driving license80. Which question is NOT answered in Section B about applying for a Virginia learner's permit?A. How long is the classroom part of a driver education course?B. Is a social security number required to get a learner's permit?C. When is written permission from a parent required by the state?D. Are photocopies permissible as original official proof papers?81. The "required documentation" listed in Section B states that learners must____________A. have a good educational achievement recordB. obey motor vehicle laws when driving on the highways togetherC. show proof of school attendance if not reaching 18 years oldD. be with a licensed driver82. look at Section A and B which item on the learner's permit Application could be left blank bysomeone over 18？A. 5B. 7C. 10D. 11CHumans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy literature or movieslike The Lord of the Rings. This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone so far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us?Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms. However, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters from television shows and video games than with commonwildlife. Without modem technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen。
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高三英语开学考第I卷（103分）I. Listening Comprehension(24分)Section A1. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher.D. A boss.2. A. In the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.3. A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. D. On foot.4. A. The English test took place a week ago.B. The woman was confident about the English test.C. Tomorrow’s English test will be easy.D. There won’t be an English test tomorrow.5. A. She doesn’t like English poetry. B. Poetry class is very popular.C. Dr. Robinson is easy to get along with.D. The course will be difficult.6. A. Five feet tall. B. Only one foot tall. C.Six feet tall. D. Seven feet tall.7. A. Go to the library. B. Go to see a film.C. Get some exercise.D. Do homework in school.8. A. It is 4: 10 now. B. It is 4: 20 now. C. It is 4: 50 now. D. It is 5:00 now.9. A. He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.B. He has made great progress in his English.C. He is a student of the music department.D. He is not very interested in English songs.10. A. He has always been so productive. B. He got his job done within a minute.C. He finished the paper just in time.D. He hasn’t finished his paper yet.Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short.C. When homework is given.D. When your mother talks.12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words.C. Your mind and ears.D. Some pictures.13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind.C. Some details.D. School assignments.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is based on individual need, personal goals and different life styles.B. It is decided by the healthiest lifestyle.C. It is based on some tests and comparison with standards.D. It is based more on individual needs than personal goals.15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.C. It is less enjoyable.D. It is less effective.16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.D. Some sports with significant training effect.Section CBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary（26分）Section A25. —Can he take charge of the computer company?—I’m afraid it is _________ his ability.A. beyondB. withinC. ofD. to26. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _________of them answered it.A. eitherB. noneC. neitherD. nobody27. The higher the oil price is, ___________to the global economy.A. the more damage will it causeB. the more it willcause damageC. the more damage it will causeD. the more willit cause damage28. _________at the very beginning, the financial crisis wasgetting worse and worse in America.A. Not dealt with properlyB. Not dealing with properlyC. Not having dealt with properlyD. Not being dealtwith properly29. The custom of giving gifts at Christmas can be traced backto the Wise Men _________gifts to the baby Jesus.A. bringB. broughtC. bringingD. being brought30. The driver _________, according to the newspaper, to havebeen killed in the traffic accident.A. saidB. was sayingC. was saidD.had been said31. If a computer crashes, you will lose the file you_________unless you save it regularly.A. are workingB. workC. will workD. worked32. The building burnt down in a big fire. _________was thebase on which it stood.A. What remainedB. All remainedC. What was remainedD. All what remained33. To our surprise, that top student in our class failed_________a scholarship.A. obtainB. obtainingC. to obtainD. obtained34. I feel honored to introduce Mr White to you, without_________consideration our projectwould have ended in failure.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD.who35. _________advertisements are of great help, I don’t thinkwe should entirely rely on them.A. SinceB. WhileC. OnceD.As36. No one knows _________ prevented the rumor from spreading.A. what was it thatB. what it was thatC. how it was thatD. why it was that37. _________ about wild plants that they decided to make atrip to Madagascar for further research.A. So curious the couple wasB. So curious werethe coupleC. So were curious the coupleD. So was thecouple curious38.Joe’s_______ in the get-together surely brought us a lotof pleasure as he is a man with astrong sense of humour.A. joiningB. having been joinedC. joinedD. had joined39.After John stayed in shanghai for a couple of days, he gotthe impression _________the citywas very fascinating.A. whichB. whyC. whereD.that40. Don’t leave the chocolates _______Cathy can get them. Theyare not good for teeth.A. whetherB. in whichC. whereD. unlessSection BIf you are a modern art lover, you should be sure to dropby the Saatchi Gallery during your visit to London. The 41 gallery was opened by Charles Saatchi, a British art collector famous for founding the Saatchi and Saatchi advertising agency with his brother. It moved from its old 42 in St. John’s Wood to its new home in County Hall near the Thames in the spring of 2003.Anyone who has heard reports in the past of the often shocking but always thought-provoking (激发) works on 43 at the Saatchi Gallery will not be disappointed when visiting the gallery’s new location. Along with the exhibits of new British artists, the gallery still includes the works of Damien Hirst, the Chapman brothers, and Tracy Emin in its permanent 44 .Of the artworks, one can see in the Saatchi Gallery, Hirst’s works are probably the most well-known. Hirst’s work first made headlines in the early 1990s when he 45 art fromdead animals.Along with Hirst, the Chapman brothers, Dinos and Jake, also owe a certain amount of their fame to the Saatchi Gallery.It was through Saatchi that these two brothers came to 46 attention. At the gallery, visitors can see the brothers’vision of Hell, made from 30, 000 plastic toy soldiers.Another artist 47 at the gallery who has grabbed headlines with her art is Tracy Emin. In 1998, Emin gave riseto argument when she sold her 48 , unmade bed to Saatchi as a work of art titled My Bed at ￡150, 000.Are any of these works really art? That is a question you will have to answer for yourself when you visit the Saatchi Gallery. Charles Saatchi himself says, “I don’t have any ground rules for 49 art. Sometimes you look and don’t feel very comfortable with it—but that doesn't tell you very much. It doesn't ____50____ reveal much about the quality of the work.”III. Reading Comprehension （53分）Section AAround 15 million of us will leave a cup of tea to go cold today while a similar amount will forget where they put the keys to their house or car.Meanwhile, 12 million go to the shops only to 51 forget what they went for----and the same will forget about 52 washing in the machine, according to the survey 53 by .PIN numbers, passwords and chores such as taking food outof the freezer the night before and 54 your mobile phone also stood highly on the list. And more than one in ten 55 forgetting to buy a lottery ticket which may have 56 thema win.Modern busy lifestyles and increased 57 as well as modern technology were 58 the increase in our levels of forgetfulness.A National Lottery spokesman said: “We are busier than ever in our work and personal lives and it seems we just have too much to remember for our 59 minds.”The study found the technology has also played a part, leaving us with more gadgets(小装置) than ever before to 60 and charge or take care of.61 work pressures it is within the home environment where most things are forgotten, such as credit card 62 , children’s school events or food related things.The study found one in four people have 63 animportant appointment and nearly one in five have fallen out with a friend over a forgotten date or event.Women are much better than men in the report, failing to 64 an average of two and a half things every day 65 to 3.5 things for men.51. A. completely B.fortunatelyC. barelyD. mostly52. A.freezingB. elegantC. formalD. wet53. A.experimentedB. conductedC. appliedD. commanded54. A.loadingB. forgettingC. chargingD. remarking55. A. deny B. admit C. forbid D. avoid56. A.entitledB. purchasedC. consumedD. cost57. A.pressureB. rankC. logicD. weight58. A. led to B. blamed for C. broughtaboutD. confirmed59. A. B. conscious C. impatient D. accurateSection B(A)I am a good mother to three children. I have tried neverto let my profession stand in the way of being a good parent.I no longer consider myself the center of universe. I showup. I listen. I try to laugh. I was a good friend to my husband. I have tried to make marriage vows(誓约)mean what they say. I am a good friend to my friends, and they to me. Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today.So here ’s what I wanted to tell you today: Get a life. crowded60. A. dive in B. insert in C. push inD. plug in 61.A. DespiteB. ThoughC. In spiteD. Moreover62. A. illustrationsB. theftsC. paymentsD. journals 63. A. missed B. madeC. drawnD. concluded 64. A. ignore B. remindC. recallD. assure 65.A. devotedB. contributedC. opposedD. comparedA real life, not a desire of the next promotion, the bigger paycheck, the larger house.Get a life in which you are not alone. Find people you love, and who loves you. And remember that love is not leisure, it is work. Pick up the phone. Send an e-mail. Write a letter. And realize that life is the best thing and that you have no business taking for granted.It is so easy to waste our lives, our days, our hours, and our minutes. It is so easy to exist instead of to live. I learned to live many years ago. Something really, really bad happened to me, something that changed my life in ways that, if I had my choice, it would never have been changed at all. And what I learned from it is what, today, seems to be the hardest lesson of all.I learned to love the journey, not the destination. I learned to look at all the good in the world and try to give some of it back because I believed in it, completely and totally. And I tried to do that, in part, by telling others what I had learned.66. How did the writer form her view of life?A. Through social experienceB. By learningfrom her friendsC. Through an unfortunate experienceD. From her children and husband67. The sentence “It is so easy to exist instead of to live.”means that people tend to _________.A. waste a lot in lifeB. work rather than enjoy lifeC. make a living rather live a real lifeD. forget the most important lessons in life68. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.A. The author likes travelling very muchB. The author did not try her best to work wellC. The author spent all her time caring for childrenD. the author is a success in personal life69. The best title for this passage probably is______.A. Love your friendsB. Live a real lifeC. Don’t waste timeD. Be a good wife and mother(B)OUR KIDS ARE AMAZING－especially compared with everybody else’s (who seem to cry all the time). How do you show yourlove for your kids this holiday season? With toys that are smooth and colorful, interactive and exciting. And with ones that have educational value－because you are the boss.70. Which toy is said to have the special design for children’s safety?A. ROBOSAPIENB. MINI PEDAL CARC. FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SETD. TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL71. Which toys are fit for three-year-old kids?A. 1 and 3.B. 2 and 4.C. I and 2.D. 3 and 4.72. This passage is written for __________.A. parentsB. childrenC. the salesmanD. the boss(C)Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone（臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing moreradiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.73. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there74. Earlier studies about northern forest fires _________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming75. The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. disturbed76.From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forestfires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may __________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy(D)Is Positive Thinking Powerful?The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed”. But was the positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply stress how unhappy they are. The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by using older research showing that when people get feedback (反馈) which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your friend who is not very clever that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In the 1990s, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton conducted an experiment. The participants were asked to write essays opposing financial support for thedisabled, expressing little sympathy for them. When these participants were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-respect. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.” Those with low self-respect didn’t feel better after the forced self-approval. In fact, their feelings turned significantly worse than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.The study provides support for newer forms for psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, on the contrary, can teach people to realize their shortcomings from a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.77. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?A. There can be no simple solutions to psychologicalproblems.B. Encouraging positive thinking may do harm to people.C. The power of positive thinking is limited.D. Unhappy people cannot think positively.78. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.A. you are pointing out the mistakes he has madeB. you are not taking his mistakes seriously enoughC. you are stressing the fact that he is not intelligentD. you are not trying to make him feel better about his faults79. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?A. Self-approval can bring a positive change to one’sfeelings.B. People with low self-respect seldom write down their truefeelings.C. It is important for people to continually improve theirself-respect.D. Forcing people to think positive thoughts may lower theirself-respect.80. It can be learned from the last paragraph that ______.A. people can avoid making mistakes through meditationB. different people tend to have different ways of thinkingC. meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapyD. the effects of positive thinking differ from person toperson(E)Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions and complete the statements in the fewest possible words.An addiction（瘾）is an activity or substance we are eager to experience repeatedly, and for which we are willing if necessary to pay a price. Common addictions involve alcohol, cigarettes, food, drugs, gambling, etc. This article discusses the concepts which can be helpful in coping with addictive behavior.Relatively minor addictions, such as watching too much television, or lying in bed on weekend mornings, are often not even considered addictions, because the price paid for engaging in them is not high. On the other hand, we tend to use the term “addict” to describe the person who, at least in the eyes of others, continues to be addicted in a behaviorlong after it has become clear that the substantial price being paid was not worth the benefit. The individual who has lost career, house, family and friends because of cocaine (可卡因) use, but is unwilling to consider stopping is an unfortunate example.Negative addictions range from those with very minor negative consequences, to those as serious as the cocaine addict just mentioned, with much area in between. Although it is not necessarily true that a negative addiction grows stronger over time, yet a constant level of addictive behavior (e.g., overspending $ 200 a week ) can lead to an increasing level of negative consequences.You may be surprised to learn that addictions can also be considered positive. Positive addictions are those in which the benefits outweigh the price. A common example would be the habit of regular exercise. The price of membership in a gym, the time involved and any clothing expense is outweighed by the benefits of better health, energy, self-confidence and appearance. As with negative addictions, positive addictions may not get stronger over time, and there is a broad range of how much benefit is actually obtained.What is common to both positive and negative addictions isthe urge to engage in the addictive behavior, and the satisfaction that is felt when the urge is acted upon. The urge is a state of tension and expectation that is experienced uncomfortably as a desire for the substance or activity. Because we experience relief when the urge is acted upon, there is an increased likelihood that we will act on the urge again.81. What does the passage mainly talk about?_______________________________________________.82.We use the term “addict” to describe a person when he or she goes on _______________eventhough he or she knows it is not worthwhile.83. Why is exercising in the gym considered to be a positive addiction?_______________________________________________.84. How do people feel when the urge is acted on?_______________________________________________.(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)第II卷（47分）I. Translation(22%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、中国文化与西方文化是不同的。