新概念英语第二册课文及翻译（教师用书）

新概念英语第二册课文及翻译（教师用书）
新概念英语第二册课文及翻译
Lesson 1 A private conversation私人谈话
Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat.The play was very interesting.
I did not enjoy it.A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily(状语). They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily.‘It’s none of your business,' the young man said rudely. 'This is a private conversation!'.
上星期我去看戏。

我的座位很好，戏很有意思，但我却无法欣赏。

一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。

我非常生气，因为我听不见演员在说什么。

我回过头去怒视着那一男一女，他们却毫不理会。

最后，我忍不住了，又一次回过头去，生气地说：“我一个字也听不见了！”“不关你的事，”那男的毫不客气地说，“这是私人间的谈话！”
【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】生词和短语
★private adj.私人的
it's my private letter/house ；美式英语private school:私立学校英式英语：公学ETON (private school)
privacy：隐私it's a privacy. adj.
《Private Ryan》private soldier：大兵
private life：私生
Letter n. 首字母
public：公众的，公开的
public school ；public letter 公开信；public place :公共场所
★conversation n.谈话uni verse转动uniform
Uni--bi--tri--quar-pent-sex/hex-sept-oct-nov---dec
Bilateral trade 双边贸易triangle quarter pentagon sex
古罗马历法10个月---12
凯撒大帝julis---July 七月
屋大维augusto--August 八月
September九月(原七月）---septwolves
October 十月（原八月）---octopus
November
December----decade
subject of conversation：话题
辨析：conversation, dialogue, talk, chat
这些名词均含“交谈”之意。

conversation：一般用词，指两个或更多人互相交换意见的交谈。

talk：通用词，可与conversation换用，但当talk用作复数时指正式交谈。

如six-party talks 六方会谈/ phone talks 电话会谈/ peace talks 和谈（和平谈判）。

dialogue：指“对话”，多指剧中的对白。

chat：指熟人之间非常随便的交谈，强调谈话的亲密和非正式性。

★theatre n.剧场，戏剧
cinema:电影院
★seat n.座位
have a good seat(place) take a seat : 座下来，就座take your seat/take a seat
Is the seat taken?这个座位有人吗？no/yes
sit down ,please
seat take your seat,please
be seated,please 更为礼貌
seat是及物动词，后面有宾语
sit是不及物动词，后面不加宾语
seat后面会加人; seat sb;seat him;seat sb.:让某人就座he is
sitting there. you seat him;
〖语法精粹〗
When all those present(到场者)_D_ he began his lecture. A.sit B.set C.seated D.were seated
★play n.戏
★loudly adv. 大声的
★angry adj. 生气的
cross=angry ;I was angry.He was cross.
annoyed: 恼火的;
I was annoyed.I was angry/cross.
I was very angry.
be blue in the face; I am blue in the face.
★angrily adv. 生气的
副词修饰动词
★attention n. 注意
Attention ,please. 请注意
pay attention :注意
pay attention to : 对什么注意
You must pay attention to that girl.
pay a little attention :稍加注意
pay much attention :多加注意
pay more attention :更多注意
pay no attention:不用注意
pay close attention 密切关注
链接1）draw/c atch/arrest/attract one’s attention
吸引某人注意力
2）turn one’s attention to ...把注意力转向…
3）focus/fix one’s attention on 集中注意力于…
4）distract/divert attention from... 分散注意
★bear(bore,borne)v. 容忍
I can't bear/stand you
endure :忍受,容忍endurable
put up with :忍受
I got divorced.I could not put up with him
suffer:遭受,忍受(精神或肉体上)+痛苦
I suffer the headache. Suffer from
He often suffers defeat.
bear/stand/endure=put up with
忍受的极限在加大
bear n.熊white bear
bear hug :热情(热烈)的拥抱give sb a bear hug
★Business n. 事
Business man :生意人business card /name card 名片
do Business: 做生意Harvard business college
on Business:出差
I went to Tianjin on Business.
thing可以指事情,也可以指东西
It's my Business 私人事情=It's none of your Business= None of your Business ★rudely adv. 无礼地，粗鲁地
rude adj.
【课文讲解】
Last week
go to the theatre
see a film,go to the cinema
go to the +地点表示去某地干嘛
go to the doctor's 去看病
go to the dairy去牛奶店
go to the + 人+ 's 表示去这个人开的店
go to the butcher's 买肉
go to school: 去上学
go to church: 去做礼拜
go to hospital(医院):去看病
go to the Great Wall
go home; 跟Home相连一定表示没有事情可做,回家休息
I am at Home
enjoy, enjoy oneself:玩的开心have a passion for 热爱
enjoy+sth :喜欢,从当中得到一种享受
I like something very much./I love something.
I enjoy the class.
I enjoy the music.
I enjoy the book.
enjoy the dinner/film/program/game
were sitting :当时正座在
过去进行时态:过去的某个时间正在发生的动作
一个故事的背景往往用进行时态描述
I+be+v(ing)
The girl was reading a book in the garden.A boy came to her. The girl is reading a book in the garden.
got :变得,表示一种变化,got angry
I am/was angry 是一个事实
I got angry:强调变化过程
It is hot.
It got hot.
got取代be动词,got是一个半联系动词,可以直接加形容词
说话的时候喜欢用缩略.I'm not,he isn't,they aren't
写的时候会说:I am not,he is not,they are not
I didn't do sth,I did not do sth
hear:听见
hear+人:听见某人的话
I could not hear you.Beg your pardon?
I couldn't hear you./I couldn't hear a word./I couldn't catch your word.
I couldn't hear you clearly./I couldn't catch your words.
Beg your pardon? /I couldn't catch your words.
turn round:转头
I could not bear it./you./the noise.
I can't hear a word.
hear a word, a word 等于一句话
May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim?
写作当中的第一步从完整句子开始写起
sitting behind
behind:在...后面
in front of :在...前面(相对静止的概念)
before :在...前面(+词、句子、一定和时间相连)
above:在...上面
ahead of:在...前面(+时间、位置)(动态的行为)
He arrived before six o'clock.
Before he came back
Ahead of time
He goes ahead of me.
any——用在否定句和疑问句中
some——用在肯定句中
none——没有任何东西、没有任何人None knows./None of us knows. not any=no
not——否定词,要放在非实义动词后面
He didn't pay attention
no——形容词、修饰名词
I don't have any friends./I have no friends.
I have no time./I don't have any time.
【KEY STUCTURES】关键句型
Word order in simple statements: 简单陈述句的语序
陈述句一定是有主语,有动词,有宾语,有句号
6123456
when?Who?Action Who?How?Where?When?
Which?Which?
What?What?
---主语一般有名词或代词构成you can use the smartphone.
The girl （sitting over there )gives me an apple.
who is sitting over there 定语修饰的
非谓语动词（现在分词ing，过去分词ed，动词不定式to do）sitting over there =who is sitting over there 简短
Me 间接宾语apple 直接宾语
2 ---谓语由动词充当
3 ---宾语
4 ---副词或介词短语,对方式或状态提问,往往做状语
I like her very much
5 ---地点状语
6 ---时间状语可以放在句首或句末I like the girl very much in Beijing last year.
简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语
主语——>动词——>宾语——>状语
状语: 放在最前面是副词,方式状语,表示状态/程度的状语,下面是地点,然后是时间
1.主语和动词不能少
2.如果时间和地点连在一起,先放地点,再放时间
如果问何时何地,是一个固定搭配when and where
练习：
排列句子The little boy; an apple; this morning; ate greedily; in the Kitchen.
The little boy ate an apple greedily in the Kitchen this
morning.
排列句子game; played; yesterday; in their room; the children; quietly
The children played game quietly in their room yesterday.
Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?早餐还是午餐？
It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunch time.
Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside.
'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.' I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.' 'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said.
'What are you doing?' she asked. ‘I’m having breakfast,' I repeated.
'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!''
那是个星期天，而在星期天我是从来不早起的，有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的
时候。

上个星期天，我起得很晚。

我望望窗外，外面一片昏暗。

“鬼天气！”我想，“又下雨了。

”正在这时，电话铃响了。

是我姑母露西打来的。

“我刚下火车，”她说，“我这就来看你。

”
“但我还在吃早饭，”我说。

“你在干什么？”她问道。

“我正在吃早饭，”我又说了一遍。

“天啊，”她说，“你总是起得这么晚吗？现在已经1点钟了！”
until
1.prep. 到…为止，在…以前
I stayed up until four o’clock trying to get my assignment done.（用作介词，引出时间状语）
我熬夜到四点以完成功课。

非谓语动词：现在分词ing 过去分词ed 动词不定式to do
汉语重意合
英语重形合
后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句
1) His father didn't die until he came back. (肯定)
直到他回来,他爸爸才死。

2) His father was alive until he came back.(否定)
直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的。

conj. 到…为止，在…以前，直到…才
Nothing is learned until you can use it. （该句中是用作连词，因为它后面跟的是句子）
★outside adv. 外面作状语
He is waiting for me outside. Inside adv.
It is cold outside.
★ring(rang.rung)v.(铃、电话等)响(刺耳的)
The telephone(door bell) is ringing.
给某人打电话: ring sb.
Tomorrow I'll ring you.
打电话(名) : give sb. a ring
remember to ring me/remember to give me a ring
★ring a bell 提醒，使…想起（听力必备词汇）
Does this name ring a bell?这个名字是否让你想起点什么？
n. 环状物，圆圈, 戒指
The kids sat in a ring around the teacher. 孩子们围坐在老师周围。

The Lord of the Rings《指环王》landlord n.地主
★aunt n.姑,姨,婶,舅妈
uncle:叔叔sibling n.兄弟姐妹
cousin: 堂兄妹offspring n. descendant n.
nephew: 外甥
niece:外甥女
Vi. 不及物Vt.及物动词
★Would you mind repeating your question please? 你能重复一遍你的问题吗？
History always repeats itself. 历史总在重演。

Anyone can make a mistake, but only a fool repeats it. 人人皆犯错，只有傻瓜一犯再犯。

★repeat + that…
She repeated that she had no interest in this field.她一再说她对这个领域不感兴趣。

→ n. repetition His second book is full of repetition. 他的第二本书有许多重复之处。

→ adj. repeated repeated mistak es 老出的错/ warnings 不停的警告
→ adv. repeatedly He visited her family repeatedly, begging her to marry him.他一再地拜访她家，求她嫁给他。

1. What a day!
感叹句，用来表示说话人的喜怒哀乐，一般用感叹词how或what 引导，how 修饰形容词或副词，what修饰的中心词是名词。

What引导的感叹句基本结构：
★What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词（单数）＋主语＋谓语! （主谓可省）What a beautiful day （it is）!
★What＋形容词＋可数名词复数（或不可数名词）＋主语＋谓语！
What cute puppies （these are）!
What lovely weather （it is）!
How引导的感叹句基本结构是：How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语
How terrifying the experience is!
2. It’s raining again.
“下雨了！” 有多种表达法。

如：
It’s drizzling. （毛毛雨）
It’s raining ca ts and dogs. （大雨瓢泼）
I will be there for you, rain or shine! （风雨无阻）
3. “I’ve just arrived by train,” she said. “I’ m coming to see you.”
交通方式= by + 具体交通工具derail
by train / bus / bike / ship / plane / light rail / subway / MRT （mass rapid transit）／minibus /motorbike / moped （助动车）等等，除了on foot。

Lesson 3 Please send me a card请给我寄一张明信片
Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. 'Then he lent me a book.
I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send any cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!
明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。

去年夏天，我去了意大利。

我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。

一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我一本书。

我读了几行，但一个字也不懂。

我每天都想着明信片的事。

假期过得真快，可我还
没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。

到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。

我早早起了床，买来了37张明信片。

我在房间里关了整整一天。

然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！
Word Study
1.spoil vt.(spoiled or spoilt)
1). ruin 破坏，糟蹋，使…不如意
The rain spoiled the picnic.下雨了，野炊泡汤了。

Too much oil spoils the soup.油太重了会坏了汤的味道。

几种破坏：
打破玻璃用break;
damage:破坏，但是程度不一定很重;
destroy：破坏，彻底摧毁;
以上三个是指物理上的破坏，而spoil主要指精神上
2). 娇惯，宠爱
The child is badly spoiled.那孩子给惯坏了。

3). 食物变坏，变质
Meat spoils easily in summer.夏天，肉容易臭。

4). 谚语
Spare the rod and spoil the child.省了棍子惯坏了孩子/不打不成材
5). spoiler
spoil-sport 扫兴的人
Don' t be such a spoil-sport !别这麽扫人兴!
2.public公共的，公众的
这个词我们在第一课见过了，基本用法和private一起记。

下面再说两点：
1）public house简称pub：酒吧bar
2）in public:公开的; in private:私下里的
3.friendly adj. Lovely
friendly adj.友好的
以-ly结尾是形容词，同样的还有lovely
friendly单独用，一般做宾语来用
作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好，用短语in a friendly way
1). 亲切的，和蔼的，友好的
A doctor should be a friendly person.医生应该亲切。

friendly nations 友邦
a friendly smile 亲切的微笑
a friendly match 友谊赛
2). 有利的，有益的
a friendly rain 及时雨
a friendly warning 忠告
3).be on friendly terms with sb.与某人关系融洽
This company is on friendly terms with clients.这家公司与客户的关系很好。

4). friend
make friends with 与某人交朋友
A friend in need is a friend indeed. Adj.真正的
患难朋友才是真正的朋友。

5). friendship 友谊
4.lend
lend color to 使某件事情显得可信
The success of the experiment lends color to his theory.
实验的成功使他的理论更可信。

lend an ear to 耐心而同情地听
We should lend an ear to those international refugees.
我们应该耐心听听国际难民的遭遇。

lend name to 参与某事
He never lends his name to violence.
他从不参与暴力活动。

lend a (helping)hand to 资助，帮助
The merciful boss lends a helping hand to the village with a school.Mercy
那位好心的老板资助这个村庄建学校。

5.decision
做出决定做某事
make /reach/come to / a decision to do sth
decide to do sth
make up one’s mind to do sth
be determined to do sth determination n.
Success goes to the determined.==where there is a will,there is a way.
7. whole adj.整个的
on the whole 整体说来
The plan is successful on the whole.
整体来说，这个计划是成功的。

as a whole 总体来说
The book is worth reading as a whole.
总的来说，这本书值得一读。

the whole truth 全部真相
wholehearted 全心全意的，全神贯注的→wholeheartedly
wholeness 完整性wholesale 批发
all of后面如果加代词，代词前面不需要修饰词，一旦要加名词，前面一定要加the
all of us;all of the students
8.single
a single bed 单人床→ a double bed 双人床
a single parent 单亲
biological parent 亲生父母
adoptive/foster parent养父母
the single life 独身生活→ a married life 婚姻生活
a single ticket 单程票→ a round trip ticket 往返票
9.word
have a word with sb 和某人说几句话
have words with sb 与某人争吵
写作：in other words 换句话说
word for word 一字一句地，原原本本地
Can I have a word with you ?我能和你说几句话吗？
Tony had words with his wife last night.
Tony 昨天晚上和妻子吵架了。

In other words, you can’t live without communicating.
换句话说，你活着就得交流。

She told me the whole story word for word.
她把事情一五一十地告诉了我。

Keep the word =keep a promise 信守诺言
Break a promise
10.line n. v.
line up 排队
outline 轮廓，纲要，概述
underline 下划线v.
read between lines 读懂言外之意
be online 在线
be offline 离线
Fans lined up for the signature from the super star.
追星族排队等候大明星的签名。

The architect drew an outline of the building.
建筑师画出了大楼的轮廓。

He outlined his theory in a few words.
他用几句话概括了他的理论。

When it comes to poet, we always need to read between lines.
说到诗，很多情况下我们不能只从字面上理解。

11.think
think about/of 考虑，思考，think of还可指想到
What do you think of the weather today?
冷：cold,chilly(凛冽)，freeze:I'll freeze.(冻僵)
think over:仔细考虑
think out 仔细考虑，想出办法
think sth through 全面地考虑问题
think-tank 智囊团，专家小组panel
thinkable 可以想象的，可以想见的 ----unthinkable 不可想象的thinker 思想家,statesman,educator,poet
12.send v.寄
寄信：send a letter
用法：send sth to sb/send sb sth
类似的用法还有give,take,pass,read,sell...
send/take children to school
区别：take：强调某人亲自送;
send则是通过第三人去送，如美国的校车
本课重点：双宾语
双宾语指直接宾语(表示动作结果)和间接宾语(表示动作目标)
如在give sb sth中，sb是间接宾语，sth是直接宾语
间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加to
give sth to sb.(对……而做，翻译为“给”)或for(为……而做，翻译为“替”)
可以翻译为“给”，“替”，“为”的，就用for;如果只能翻译为“给”就以用to give a book to me;I buy a book for you.
总结：用for的词：buy,order,make,find
Do me a favor please.=Do a favor for me.
Exercise
1.He paid some money to the shop-keeper.
2.The writer brought the man a bottle of beer.
宾语补足语
museum n.博物馆
英语词源故事——museum（博物馆）：文艺女神缪斯
缪斯（Muses）是希腊神话中主管科学和文艺的女神们的总称，共九位。

由于缪斯女神主管文艺，所以在古代西方，人们往往将杰出的艺术作品放在缪斯女神的神庙中，这就是博物馆（museum）的起源。

它由muse（缪斯）和表示“场所”的后缀-um，本意就是“缪斯
的神庙”。

同样，英语单词music（音乐）原本是muse的形容词，本意是“缪斯的（艺术）”，mosaic（马赛克、镶嵌艺术）的本意是“work of the Muses”（缪斯的作品），以前都是供奉给缪斯女神的。

Muse：[mju?z] n. 司文艺、音乐、美术的女神缪斯
museum：[mju?'z??m]n.博物馆
music：['mju?z?k]n.音乐，乐曲
mosaic：[m?(?)'ze??k]n.马赛克，镶嵌，镶嵌图案
那么多博物馆一定要记住我们的Palace Museum(故宫)
14.性别词缀-ess “女的，女性的，雌性的”
waiter →waitress 女服务员只出现在餐馆里
actor →actress 女演员
prince →princess 公主
lion →lioness 母狮子
领班：chief waiter
商店里的店员：shop assistant
其他公共场所的服务员:attendant
15.语言不可数，所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian
/doc/bb6269154.html,st summer里的last表示“上一个”
the last day里的last表示“最后一个”，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词the，这时前面要加介词
17.spend+时间+地点
eg:I spent three hours in the sea.
I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)
I spend my weekend at my mother's.
I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.
Lesson 4 An exciting trip激动人心的旅行
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer.
He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
我刚刚收到弟弟蒂姆的来信，他正在澳大利亚。

他在那儿已经住了6个月了。

蒂姆是个工程师，正在一家大公司工作，并且已经去过澳大利亚的不少地方了。

他刚买了一辆澳大利亚小汽车，现在去了澳大利亚中部的小镇艾利斯斯普林斯。

他不久还将到达达尔文去，从那里，他再飞往珀斯。

我弟弟以前从未出过国，因此，他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心。

★New words and expressions
1.★exciting adj.令人兴奋的
v.excite 激动->adj.excited ,exciting
excite, surprise, satisfy, frighten
等动词的词义中含有“使……”的意思.它们的共同点就是都可以通过在后面分别加-ing和-ed构成形容词，其中-ing词尾的形容词用来表示所说明的物体或人给人的感觉，可以理解成“令人……的”；
而以-ed结尾的形容词则用来表示“感到……的”，通常用来说明人的情绪。

excite 使……兴奋surprise 使……吃惊
Satisfy 使……满意frighten 使……害怕
an exciting speech 激动人心的讲话
an excited person （感到）兴奋的人
surprising news 令人吃惊的消息
a surprised child （感到）吃惊的孩子
interesting:令人感到有趣的;interested：感到有意思的
动词的宾语一定是人，让后面的人感到……
eg:The news excited me. The book interested me.
2.★receive v.接受，收到
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.
同位语：一个名词（或短语等）与另一个名词（或短语）并列而作为其说明或限定成分时称为同位语。

同位语与它所补充说明的成分之间用逗号隔开。

在译成汉语时，同位语或者插入主句中，或者另译为一句，很少像英语中那样用逗号隔开。

This is John, one of my best friends. 这位是约翰。

他是我最好的朋友之一。

Mrs. Smith, my neighbor, has never been abroad. 我的邻居史密斯夫人从来没有出过国。

3个接受：
receive 收到（不一定接受）客观的收到
accept 接受（肯定收到）主观上乐意
receive(与have通用)：receive/have a letter from sb
eg:This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didn't accept it. take:接受，与前两词无可比性，只需记住两个搭配：
take the exam;take advice adopt advice
衍生词：elevator n.电梯elevate v.
receiver 接收器，接受者receipt 收条，收据
reception 服务台receptionist 接待员
receptive 接受得快的adj.
He is receptive to new ideas concept。

他很容易接受新思维。

received 被普遍接受的adj.
a received theory 得到广泛认可的理论
反义词：decline, refuse, reject ,deny, turn down,
句型：收到……来信
receive a letter from=hear from
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
给……写信
write to sb=write a letter to sb=drop sb a line
3.★firm n.商行，会计行，事务所，公司等同于company
1）n.公司,企业company , enterprise, corporation
2）adj.结实的，坚硬的
firm muscles结实的肌肉firm soil 坚硬的土壤
3）adj.坚定的，不容易改变的
firm belief坚定的信仰firm evidence 可靠的证据
firm refusal 严词拒绝
4）adv. firmly a firmly handshake
The knob was fixed on the door firmly.
把门把牢牢地安装在门上。

4.★abroad adv.在国外
注意是个副词，直接和动词连用，不需要介词
go abroad 去国外aboard n. 甲板v.登机
live abroad 国外定居
study abroad 国外学习
5.v.differ ---different adj. --- difference n.
different adj. 不同的
★ adj. 不同的，相异的（经常与from连用）
We are planning something different（后置定语）this year. 我们今年有不同的打算。

My room is different from yours.
★ adj. 各种各样的，不同的various diverse culture----diversity
a wide range of all sorts of
This department store sells a large number of different things.
这家百货商店出售许多各种各样的东西。

He has visited many different places in China. 他去过中国的不少地方。

be different from 与……有区别
Tell the difference between A and B A和B 的区别
differ from… 与……有区别
differentiate 辨别，讲出或指出区别
I differ with him on the plan.
=I don’t agree with him on the plan.
关于计划，我和他的观点不一样。

Tastes differ. 萝卜白菜，各有所爱。

We must agree to differ on this.
我们必须承认在这个问题上有分歧。

Men and women differ.
Men differ from women.
Men are different from women.
There are differences between men and women.
One can differ men from women.
以上句子的基本意思都是：男女有别。

相同
be similar to 与……相似
resemble to象，类似
the same as 与……一样
6.★have been+in 地点
他已经到北京了：He has arrived in Beijing. 瞬间动词
持续性动词wait
到北京一年了，就不能用arrive了。

因为arrive是表示点的动词，不能和段时间连用。

所以用我们的新句型：have been in 地点
He has been in Beijing for one year.
Has 第三人称单数/have第一，第二，复数+动词的过去分词
Be动词-- am is are was were
现在完成时态的基本用法：
现在完成时表示动作现存的结果，或者过去发生的事对现在的影响。

常与现在完成时连用的副词和副词短语：before (now)（以前）；so far（到目前为止），up to now（直到现在），just（刚刚），
already（已经），lately（最近），now（现在），for+ 一段时间；疑问句和否定句中常用ever，yet，never，not…ever等。

1.表示已经完成的事情，强调行为的结果，但不强调行为发生的具体时间
I have finished my work. 我的事（已经）做完了。

2.表示曾经有过的经历。

The professor has been sent abroad. 这位教授曾经被派出国。

3.表示过去发生的行为持续了一段时间，
He has lived there for years. 他在那里住了好些年了。

4.never, already, ever, just等几个副词在完成事态
句子中的位置为：have（*）done
句型操练模仿：规则动词和不规则动词的完成时
1.Have your breakfast
have 助动词之外，还可以是实义动词
I have already had（have实际意义的动词）my breakfast.
2.Tell him to leave.
He has already left.
3.Tell her to comb her hair.
She has already combed her hair.
4.Write a letter to him.
I’ve already written a letter to him.
5.Turn on the stereo.
I’ve al ready turned on the stereo.
6.Tell her to wash the dishes.
She’s already washed the dishes.
7.Tell him to read Macbeth.
He’s already read Macbeth.
8.Take a holiday.
I’ve already taken a holiday.
9.Tell them to do their homework.
They’ve already done their homework.
10.Finish your work.
I’ve already finished my work.
11.Sweep the carpet.
I’ve already swept the carpet.
12.Tell her to make the beds.
She’s already made the beds.
7.★work in 强调工作的地点
work for 强调work，不是在游逛，是在工作
8.★a great number of后面一定要加可数名词复数
a lot of可加可数名词也可加不可数名词
它们是约等于的关系
I have a lot of/a great number of friends.
I have a lot of time.中的a lot of 就不能替换为a great number of了
9.★have gone to :去了某地没回来
have been to :曾经去过某地，现在不在那个地方
10.★from there:从那地方起
from既可以加时间又可以加地点
eg:from half past 8 to half past 11
from Beijing to Tianjin
11.★fly to Perth=go to Perth by air
fly to 坐飞机去drive to 开车去
ride to 骑车（马、驴等）去walk to 步行去
go+地点+介词+ 交通工具
go* by bike go *on horseback go* on foot
12.★before用在句子的末尾是副词，翻译为“在此之前”，是现在完成时态的标志。

13.★find+宾语+形容词做宾补
find trip exciting;find the room clean
注意，在本句中用的是find的进行时态。

在收听外台的广播中经常能听到find不用一般式，而用进行式。

eg:We're finding the program very exciting.
在写的时候用一般式，口语就用进行式
下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时（瞬间性动词）：believe，doubt，see，hear，know，understand，belong，think，consider，feel，look，seem，show，mind，have，sound，taste，require，possess，care，like，hate，love，detest，desire
【Multiple choice questions】
1. Tim is in Australia. He went ___a___ Australia six months ago.
Ａ. to Ｂ. in Ｃ. at Ｄ. into
at… 表示位置（be at是典型表示位置的介词短语）
go to… 只要有to这个感念, 它的后面一定要有宾语, go to the theater
go in… (in 做副词)很少加宾语He went in.
go into… 有去的动作, 还有进入的动作go into the room
move常用的意义是“动”、“移动”，在表达“搬家”这个意思时move可以单独使用，也可组成短语move to，move into，move in，move out。

move in:搬进来move to the new house:正在搬
move into :搬进去了move out 搬走
Jack has moved out. John will move in the day after tomorrow.
2.Tim is in Australia. How long ___b___ there?对一段时间的提问
Ｔｈｒｅｅｍｏｎｔｈｓ
Ａ. is he Ｂ. has he been Ｃ. has heＤ. was he
how long...对段时间提问, 跟现在完成时相连
3. He will soon visit Darwin. He will visit Darwin＿c＿.
a. Quickly
b. for a short time c . shortly d. in a hurry
quickly 指的是动作上的快He went quickly .
for a short time 不久, 表示动作延续一段时间
soon = shortly 不久以后, 表示在这段时间之后，强调的是时间上的快
in a hurry:匆忙的（指动作）
Lesson 5 No wrong numbers无错号之虞
Mr. James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons. Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. The bird covered the distance in three minutes. Up to now, Mr. Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other. In this way, he has begun his own private telephone service.
詹姆斯.斯科特先生在锡尔伯里有一个汽车修理部，现在他刚在平赫斯特买了另一个汽车修理部。

平赫特离锡尔伯里只有5英里，但詹姆斯.斯科特先生未能为他新的汽车修理部搞到一部电话机，所以他买了只鸽子。

昨天，一只鸽子把第一封信从平赫特带到锡尔伯里。

这只鸟只用了3分钟就飞完了全程。

到目前为止，斯科特先生从一个汽车修理部向另一个发送了大量索取备件的信件和其他紧急函件。

就这样，他开始自己的私人“电话”业务。

★New words and expressions
1.Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons. 平赫斯特离锡尔伯里只有5英里，但詹姆斯·斯科特先生未能为他新的汽车修理部搞到一部电话机，所以他买了12只鸽子。