Sociolinguistics社会语言学

5). Social dialect: language use among different social groups in a variety of
social contexts. ①～⑧
1
研究范围的大小或角度分别如下:
1.Diglossia and bilingualism
2. Standard and nonstandard language
2)The important characteristic of a speech community is that the members of the group must interact linguistically with other members of the community.
3. Five sections
1). Language variation: general introduction regarding language variation and the situational use of language.①～⑥
2). Standard and nonstandard language: examine language variation in
language variation and language use.
Contents:
1. Speech community
2. Speech variety
3. Regional variation
4. Social variation
5. Stylistic variation
6. Idiolectal variation
2) A social group: besides regionally, a social group may distinguish
itself from the rest of the community by its distinct ethnic affiliation.
2. Five points:
→ → →4. Social variation 5. Stylistic variation
4. Social dialect → →1. Education varieties 6. Idiolectal variation 2. Age varieties
5. Ethnic diies 4. Register varieties
1. Standard and nonstandard language
2. Lingua fancas
1. Speech community
3. Pidgins
2. Speech variety
4. Creoles
3. Regional variation
3. Language variation →
Sociolinguistics
1.Definition: Sociolinguistics is the subdiscipline of linguistics that studies language in social contexts.
2. Two concerns: 1) the social significance of language variation and language use in different speech communities including regional, ethnic and social groups. 2) impact of extralinguistic factors on language use, such as age, gender, profession, and social status.
3
Speech community
1. Two definitions:
1) A speech community: a group of people who form a community and share the same language or a particular variety of language.
1. Black English, a case study of
5. Address terms
ethnic dialect
6. Slang
2. The social environment of Black 7. Linguistic taboo
English
8. Euphemism
2
Language variation
1) In sociolinguistic studies, speakers are treated as members of social groups. The social group isolated for any given study is called the speech community.
terms of varied social functions, including standard language or lingua franca (“common speech” role), pidgin (“business contact” role) and its nativized creole.
①～④
3). Diglossia and bilingualism sociolinguistic situations in which speakers switch between two different language systems①② 4). Ethnic dialect: Black English ①②
Two points: 1. Language use varies regionally, socially,
stylistically and individually: never homogeneous. 2. Goal of sociolinguistics: to explore the nature of