(复习指导)必修四Unit1 Womenofachievement含答案

►必修四
Unit 1Women of achievement
———————————◄基础盘点·自测自评►———————————
重点词汇
阅读单词
快速排查本单元阅读词汇并在不认识的词汇前划√
□specialist n．□emergency n．□welfare n．□modest adj.
□project n．□rate n．□nest n．□bond n．□outspoken adj.
□career n．□institute n．□kindness n.
核心单词
1.childhood n．童年；幼年时代(拓展速记1)
2.audience n．观众；听众；读者
3.shade n．荫；阴凉处v t.遮住光线
4.generation n．一代；一辈
5.support n．& v t.支持；拥护
6.crowd n．人群；观众v t.挤满；使拥挤
7.campaign n．运动；战役v i.作战；参加运动
拓展单词
1.achievement n．成就；功绩→achieve v t.达到；完成
2.institute n．学会；学院；协会→institution n．制度；(社会或宗教等)公共机构
3.specialist n．专家；专业工作者→specialize v i.专攻；专门从事；专注于→special adj.不寻常的；特别的；特定的
4.connection n．连接；关系→connect v．连接；接通；联系；联结；把……联系起来→connected adj.有联系的；相关的
(拓展速记2)
anization n．组织；机构；团体→organize v．组织；组建→organizer n．组织者；创立人
6.behave v t.& v i.举动；(举止或行为)表现→behaviour/behavior n．行为；举止；习性
7.worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的→worth adj.有……价值；值……的；值得的n．价值；意义→worthy adj.值得(或应得)的；值得尊敬的；值得注意的
8.observe v t.观察；观测；遵守→observation n．观察；观测
9.respect v t.&n．尊敬；尊重；敬意→respectable adj.体面的；值得尊敬的→respectful adj.恭敬的→respected adj.受尊敬的
10.argue v t.& v i.讨论；辩论；争论→argument n．争论；争辩；争吵
11.entertainment n．款待；娱乐；娱乐表演→entertain v t.娱乐；款待；使快乐
12.inspire v t.鼓舞；激发；启示→inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞
13.refer v i.谈到；查阅；参考→reference n．参考；提到；查阅
14.sickness n．疾病；恶心→sick adj.生病的；恶心的
15.emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的
16.determination n．决心；果断→determine v．决定；下决心→determined adj.坚决的；有决心的；下决心的
17.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consideration n．考虑；体谅→consider v．认为；以为；考虑；思考→considerable adj.相当多(大或重要等)的→considerably ad v.相当地；非常地；大幅度地
18.deliver v t.递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)→delivery n．发表；递送
重点词汇
拓展单词
[语境活用]用所给词的适当形式填空
1.You ought to be ashamed of your behaviour (behave).
2.I can tell them we had an emergency (emergent).
3.Nature is the biggest inspiration．I'm always inspired by things of beauty and harmony. (inspire)
4.Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of achievement (achieve).
5.We agreed without much further argument (argue).
6.The organizers organized the people present at the meeting into four groups，and Jack was involved in the organization of the meeting. (organize)
7.He is a specialist in the world's ancient history.Next week, he will make a speech
specially for us. (special)
8.In 1933, a public organization (organize) called the London Passenger Transport Board was created.
9.I've never connected them together before.Has his dismissal (解雇) any connection (connect) with the quality of his work?
10.All of you should observe the experiment carefully and then I will ask you some questions to test your observation．The most careful observer will win a prize. (observe)
走进高考
1.argue 熟义：v t.& v i.讨论；辩论；争论生义：v t.认为
(2017年浙江卷阅读理解)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.
2.respect 熟义：v t.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意生义：n.方面
The government's record in this respect is a mixed one.
高频短语
1.move off离开；起程；出发
2.lead a...life过着……的生活
3.crowd in(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海
4.look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起
5.refer to查阅；参考；谈到
6.by chance碰巧；凑巧
e across(偶然)遇见；碰见
8.deliver a baby接生
9.carry on继续；坚持(拓展速记3)
[语境活用]用左栏短语的适当形式填空
1.They come across the personal anxiety their parents may be experiencing.
2.Sweet memories crowded in as I looked at the pictures which were taken at the beach in Qingdao last summer.
3.When I am faced with a difficulty，I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or web pages.
4.An artist who was recently travelling on a ferry to the southern island discovered by chance a long­lost antique Greek vase.
5.Margaret decided to carry on learning Chinese until she was able to communicate with Chinese people freely.
6.As an expert，you should be self-effacing (谦逊的)．You shouldn't look down on/upon the person who needs your help.
7.The conductor blew his whistle and the train slowly moved off.
重点句式
1.“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句
[原句]Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.
她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。

[仿写]我离开家去上大学之后，才意识到我是多么想家。

Only after I left home for college did I realize how much I missed it.
2.once“一旦……就……”，引导条件状语从句
[原句]Once I stop，it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩。

[仿写]一旦我们有共同的兴趣，友谊便开始形成了。

Once we have a common interest, a friendship can begin.
3.It hit(s) sb.＋从句
[原句]Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.
我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。

[仿写]我突然想到我把书落在教室里了。

It suddenly hit me that I had left my book in the classroom.
拓展速记
1.以“-hood”结尾的名词
adulthood成年
boyhood少年时期
brotherhood兄弟关系；手足之情
childhood童年；幼年时代
likelihood可能
manhood男子气概；刚毅之气
motherhood母性
neighborhood街坊；社区；邻里
2.以“-tion”结尾的名词
action行为；作用
admiration钦佩；羡慕
composition作品；作文
connection连接；联系
construction建设
pollution污染
3.“v.＋on”短语小结
depend on依赖；依靠
get on进展；进步
go on继续
put on穿上；(体重)增加
rely on依赖；依靠
take on具有；呈现
try on试穿
carry on继续；坚持
———————————◄考点串讲·重点突破►———————————
1．behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①I was quite pleased with his behavio(u)r (behave)．
②If parents do not teach their child how to behave himself(him), he will do anything at will.
|考点归纳|
(1)behave badly/ well to/towards sb.对待某人差/好
behave oneself守规矩；表现得体
(2)badly-behaved adj.表现差的
well­behaved adj.表现好的
(3)behavio(u)r n．举止；行为
mind one's behavio(u)r注意某人的举止
|能力提升|——完美写作·背诵
③(2018年全国卷Ⅰ)就我个人而言，我们大家都应该在公共场所注意自己的举止。

As far as I'm concerned, all of us should mind our behaviour in public places．
2．observe vt.看到；注意到；观察；遵守；庆祝
|对接高考|——写出下列黑体单词的含义
①Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country？庆祝
②The police observed a man enter the bank.看到；注意到
③Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守
|考点归纳|
(1)observe sb.do sth.观察/看到某人做某事(全过程)
observe sb.doing sth.观察/看到某人正在做某事
observe that...观察……
(2)observe the traffic rules遵守交通规则
(3)observe Christmas庆祝圣诞节
(4)observation n．观察；观察力；观测
under observation在监视下
|能力提升|——完美写作·背诵
④(2016年江苏卷书面表达)因此，规则应该被制定出来并且严格遵守。

Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed．
3．respect vt.尊重；尊敬n．尊重；尊敬；敬意；问候；方面
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①(2017年全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解)We were respectful(respect) of craft(技艺)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.
②(浙江卷阅读理解)Arriving late is considered disrespectful (respectful)．
③I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service.
④This proposal is excellent in all respects.
|考点归纳|
(1)respect sb. for...因……而尊敬某人
(2)have/show respect for sb.尊重某人
give/send one's respects to sb.向某人表示敬意
(3)in all/many respects在各个方面/在许多方面
in respect of关于；就……而言
(4)respected adj.受人尊敬的；受敬重的
respectable adj.可敬的；正派的；体面的
respectful adj.有礼貌的；恭敬的
|能力提升|——句型转换
⑤We should respect the workers who devote themselves to beautifying our city.
→We should show respect for the workers who devote themselves to beautifying our city. (respect n．)
4．argue vt.& vi.争论；争辩；劝说；提出理由
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①(2017年浙江卷阅读理解)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.
②He drew his readers into the argument (argue) by drawing them into the story.
③We tried many ways to argue him into accepting (accept)our advice, but in vain.
④It's no use arguing about/over the question with him for he won't change his opinion.
|考点归纳|
(1)argue with sb.over/about sth.就某事与某人争辩
argue for...为……据理力争
argue against...据理反对……
argue sb. into doing sth.说服某人去做某事
argue sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事
argue that...主张/认为……
(2)argument n．争辩；争论
beyond argument无可争辩
|名师点睛|
表示“说服某人做某事”的其他表达还有：persuade sb. to do sth.；persuade sb. into doing sth.；convince sb.to do sth.；talk sb. into doing sth.等。

|能力提升|——一句多译
⑤我终于说服他戒烟了。

→I argued him out of smoking eventually. (argue)
→I persuaded him into giving up/ to give up smoking eventually. (persuade)
→I convinced him to give up smoking eventually. (convince)
→I talked him into giving up smoking eventually. (talk)
5．intend vt.打算；计划；想要；意指
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①(2017年天津卷阅读理解)You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send(send) it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you're discussing.
②(2016年全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解)The journey was intended (intend) to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.
③These books are intended for children only.
④He left England with the intention (intend) of travelling in Africa.
|考点归纳|
(1)intend doing/to do sth.打算/想要做某事
intend sb. to do sth.计划让某人做某事
be intended for/to do...旨在……；预定……用途；为……打算
had intended to do...＝intended to have done...本打算做……
(2)intention n．意图；目的；打算
with the intention of... 打算……；抱有……的目的
|能力提升|——句型转换
⑤They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
→They intended to have gone into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
6．refer to 查阅；参考；提到；指的是；关系到
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①I will go to the bookstore to buy some reference (refer) books.
②You should refer this matter to our teacher for a decision.
③The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.
|考点归纳|
(1)refer...to...把……提交给……；让……参考……
refer to...as...把……称为……
(2)reference n．提及；涉及；参考；参考书
in/with reference to...关于……
for reference以备查阅；以供参考
|名师点睛|
“查字典”的多种表达：refer to the dictionary；look up a word in the dictionary；consult the dictionary。

7．carry on 继续；保持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
① At last week's Oscars ，a small number of films carried off nearly all the prizes. ②They took the trouble to offer timely help whenever he was in trouble; as a result, their efforts carried him through ．
③Carry on with your work while I'm away.
④The factory has successfully carried out the production plan.
|考点归纳|
carry on ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧with sth.doing sth.继续做某事(相当于go on with)
carry off 赢得；获得(奖品、荣誉等)
carry out 实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等)
carry through 帮……渡过(难关等)；维持；完成
8．once 引导条件状语从句
(教材佳句)Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩。

|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①You will be (be) successful in the interview once you have confidence.
②Once broadcast (broadcast), the TV play will be very popular with young people.
|考点归纳|
(1)once 引导条件状语从句，如主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时。

(2)若once 引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含be 动词的某种形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be 动词。

|能力提升|——句型转换
③Once it is lost, the good chance may never come again.
→Once lost , the good chance may never come again. (用省略句改写)
9．It hit(s) sb. (＋从句)
(教材佳句)Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.
我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。

|对接高考|——单句语法填空/单句改错
①It struck me that nobody was in favour of the change.
②It hits me the phone number I told them is wrong. me后加that
|考点归纳|
“It hit(s) me＋从句”结构，意思是“我突然想到……”，it在句中作形式主语。

类似的结构还有：
It occurs to sb. that...
It strikes sb. that...
|能力提升|——一句多译
③(2018·北京卷书面表达)我突然想到传统文化，例如茶文化非常迷人并且有巨大的价值。

→It suddenly hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.
→It suddenly struck me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.
→It suddenly occurred to me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.
●知识主线串记——————————————————————————
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The children were expected to behave themselves (they)．
2．The guard observed a young man stealing (steal) from the office, and he tried to approach him quietly.
3．After a long time of discussion they accepted the agreement without argument (argue)．
4．He carried on working as if nothing had happened.
5．I had intended (intend) to take a holiday last year，but I wasn't able to get away.
6．Do you want to get this book delivered (deliver) to your house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself?
7．Gun control is a subject about which Americans have argued for a long time.
8．There is no doubt that flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement (achieve)．
9．The teacher inspires his students to give (give) their opinions rather than just listen to him.
10．The crowd crowded into the crowded (crowd) street.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．They behaved bad to the guests，which made us very disappointed.
_________________________________________________________________ 答案：bad→badly
2．Once you form a bad habit, and it will be hard to get rid of it.
_________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉and
3．It is very easy to find a book intending for children.
_________________________________________________________________ 答案：intending→intended
4．Many teachers talk at length about educational principles without once refer to a real child.
答案：refer→referring
5．They were observed enter the manager's office last night.
_________________________________________________________________ 答案：observed后加to
———————————◄话题拓展·素养升华►———————————
Ⅰ.课文里的高考
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jane Goodall 1.has studied (study) the chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.2.Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in 3.their(they) own environment.However, this was not easy.When she arrived at Gombe in 1960, it was 4.unusual(usual) for a woman to live in the forest.Only after her mother came to help her for 5.the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.She spent many years 6.observing (observe) and recording their daily activities，and watching them wake up was her first activity of every day.She also discovered how chimps communicate 7.with each other.She has argued that they should 8.be left (leave) in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.She has helped to set up special places 9.where they can live safely.She has achieved everything she wanted to do，and she 10.is respected (respect) by many people around the world.And now she inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.
Ⅱ.话题中的写作
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。

1．露西是一位有成就的女医生。

她的一生都奉献给了病人，她的行为赢得了所有人的尊重。

(achievement)
2．露西被邀请在剑桥大学毕业典礼上发表演讲。

(deliver)
3．露西说：“照顾病人是平凡的工作，但是不要瞧不起平凡的工作。

一旦开始做一件事情，你就必须坚持下去，否则你将一事无成。

只有当你80岁回首往事时，你才会意识到你是否已经全力以赴。

如果你认为你尽力了，你会对你的一生感到满足。

”(look down upon, carry on with, only＋状语)
_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________ One possible version：
Lucy is a woman doctor of great achievements, who has devoted all her life to patients. Therefore, her behaviour has won respect of all. Recently, Lucy was invited to deliver a speech on the graduation ceremony in Cambridge University.She said, “Caring for patients is an ordinary job, bu t don't look down upon ordinary jobs. Once you begin to do something, you must carry on with it, otherwise you will never achieve anything. Only when you are eighty and looking back on your life will you realize whether you have done your best. If you think you have tried your best, you can be content with your life.”。