高三一轮定语从句涵盖最全面最精炼的复习
高三英语一轮复习---定语从句讲义.doc
定语从句（一）基本概念1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。
关系词的分类和基本用法表一分类指代引导词关系代词人who, whom, that, as事物which, that, as 人或物（表所属关系）whose关系副词地点where 时间when 原因why表二关系代词指代例句解释who人The man who helped you is MrWhite.在定从中作主语whom That is the person(whom/who/that)you want to see.在定从中作宾语，可省略whose He is the father whose son studiesvery well in our class.在定从中作定语that I′m not the fool that you thought meto be.在定从中作表语as He is such a lazy man as nobodywants to work with.在定从中作宾语that事物The only thing that we can do is togive you some advice.在定从中作宾语which A dictionary is a useful book whichtells us the meaning of words在定从中作主语whose He lives in a room whose windowfaces south在定从中作定语asIt is such a big stone as nobody canlift.在定从中作宾语整句内容As is known to all, he is the beststudent.在定从中作主语表三关系副词指代例句解释when 时间Would you suggest a time when wecan have a talk?在定从中作状语where 地点The house where they live is notvery large.在定从中作状语why 原因This is the reason why he did notcame to the meeting.在定从中作状语（二）定语从句的注意点本部分的内容比较复杂，为便于考生一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。
高考英语一轮复习语法专题一定语从句讲解
专题一定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（关系代词作宾语时一般可以省略）注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which(1)The boy whose shoes are white is my friend.(2)The book whose cover is white is my friend’s.(3)The book the cover of which is white is my friend’s.2、as 的用法（1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个the same…that 表示同一个（2）as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。
Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng.二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
高中高考衡中学案一轮总复习英语专题4 第1讲 定语从句
语法专题突破
高考一轮总复习 • 英语 • 人教版
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This is the very book that I have been looking for for several days. 这正是我找了好几天的那本书。 Is there anything that you want to say about this matter? 关于这件事你想说什么呢？
语法专题突破
高考一轮总复习 • 英语 • 人教版
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①关系词指人作主语，可以用that，who引导。 ②关系词指人作宾语，可以用that，who，whom 引导。 ③关系词指物作主语或宾语，可以用that，which引导。 ④关系词指物由形容词最高级、序数词修饰，或者关系词是某些不 定代词，或关系词既指人又指物时，只能用that。
语法专题突破
高考一轮总复习 • 英语 • 人教版
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语篇导入
二 as/which/whose
As① we all know/As① is known to all，Li Hua is a student whose② name is often seen in English examinations.But this year he didn’t make us write compositions for him，which③ made many students sad. How we miss the boy for whom④ we have written many compositions and we have prepared many situations in which④ he can’t write articles himself.
高考高三英语一轮复习定语从句讲解课件
fighting against NCP.
➢ 构成要素 名词
先行词：被定语从句修饰的
代词
或
关系词：分为 关系代词 和 关系副词
从句：一般紧跟在
名词—/代—词
的后面。
➢ 结构： 先行 词+ 关系 词+从句
➢ 分类：限定性定语从句 和 非限制性定语从句
2. 关系代词与关系副词
指代人 who, whom, that, as 关
关 指代事物 which, that, as 系 所属关系 whose
系 代
词 指地点 where 关
词
指时间 when 系
指原因 why
副
词
定语从句构成要素：先行词+关系词+从句
关系词小结
关系词
指代
在从句中充当成分
关系代词 关系副词
that which who whom whose
as when where why
2. Children who are not active or ___ diet is high in fat will
gain weight quickly.
A. what
B. whose
C. which
D. that
1. I live next door to a couple children often make a
定语从句解题步骤： 1. 区分__主__句__和__从__句__ 2. 确定___先__行__词_____ 3.判断先行词指人还是物，且判断从句缺
语法成分吗？（做主语、宾语或状语）
关系代词 关系副词
10
1.Re确ad定, 主tr从an句sla2te. 找an出d 先an行aly词se
定语从句高三总复习
1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of ——— come from class two. whom them 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. whose ——— 3. This is the very pen that you gave it \ to me before. it \ 4. There is an old woman, that is holding —— who a stick.
引导定语从句的关系词
指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，of which 指地点 where 关 指时间 when 系 指原因 why 副 词 关 系 代 词
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
5. He built a telescope through which he could study the stars. under which stands our 6. There is a tall tree outside, teacher. to whom 7. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 8. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. most ______
高考英语一轮复习之定语从句详细解析讲义
2024年高中英语一轮复习之定语从句详细解析一.定义 :在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二.特点:1.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词2.关联词 :1)引出定语从句，并作从句的一个成分。
可作主语、宾语、定语、状语，作宾语可省略.2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose 代指先行词二、关系副词:when,wherewhy作时间状语三.基本结构:先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分四.关系代词的用法:1.that 和whichthat指人或物，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能Which 指物，不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意:The roomin which Ilive is verybig.(在个词后面不能用that)2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:1)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从只能用thatThis is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2)先行词被序数词修饰时，定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about "The Football Match"3)先行词被the only，the very 或the same等修饰，定语从句只能用that引导It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.4)先行词为everything，something ,anything ，all,none,much, little, few等不定代词定语从句只能用that时时。
高考英语一轮复习 定语从句课件
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
注意： ① 一定要在理解的基础上记忆关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中所作的成分。 ② what 不能引导定语从句, 但能引导名词性从句。 ③ that不可引导非限制性定语从句。 ④被动语态的谓语动词不需要宾语。 ⑤关系代词that不能作介词的宾语。
二. 定语从句中的重点, 难点, 易混点和高考中的考点
A
D
高 考 衔 接
4.定语从句与强调句型及其它复合句的结合
It is John who runs a website where he encourages people to protect the environment. The village where we spent our holiday last month lies in what is now part of Hubei Province.BFra bibliotek高 考 衔 接
3. 几个特殊先行词后的定语从句:
① reason 为先行词时, 如果定语从句中缺少状语,则用 why 引导, 如果缺少主 语\宾语\表语,则用that\which 引导。 ② the way 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用that\in which 引导, 也可以省略, 如果 缺少主语\宾语\表语,则用that\which 引导。 ③ situation\ case\ point\ spot\ scene 为先行词时, 如果定语从句中缺少状语, 则用 where 引导。 ④ occasion 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用 when 引导。
高考英语一轮复习定语从句课件
一. 定语从句的基本知识
定义： 修饰\限制某一名词或代词的句子为定语从句。一般翻译为:“……的”。 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。 位置： 放在被修饰名词或代词的后面。 关系词：定语从句必须有一个关系词引导，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两类，但关系代词作宾语、表语时可以省去。 关系词之间的区别请看下面两幅图。
高三一轮复习定语从句总结课件
02
定语从句的分类
限定性定语从句
总结
示例
限定性定语从句对先行词进行限定， 不可省略，否则会影响句子的完整性 。
The man who was standing by the window is my teacher.
例子
I will never forget the days when we spent together.
特殊引导词引导的定语从句
where
01
用于指代地点的先行词
描述
02
当先行词是表示地点的名词或代词，且从句中缺少地点状语时
使用。
例子
03
This is the place where my grandparents used to live.
03
定语从句的引导词
关系代词引导的定语从句
who
用于指代人的先行词
描述
当先行词是表示人的名词或代词，且从句中缺少 主语时使用。
例子
The man who spoke at the meeting is our teacher.
关系副词引导的定语从句
when
用于指代时间的先行词
描述
当先行词是表示时间的名词或代词，且从句中缺少时间状语时使用 。
详细描述
这种类型的定语从句通常包含表示因果或条件的连词（如because、if等），例如“the reason why he was late was that the bus was delayed”表示项
引导词的选择和使用
高考一轮复习-定语从句(最完整+高考题)
定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定 语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there? 2) The girl that/who/whom we were talking about is Joan. 3) He told me the date when he joined the League. 4) The place where he lives is far away from here. 总 结 句型：
A.whom B. who C. what D. Which
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意: 幸福与成功 通常降临于那些擅长于认识到自己的长处的人。 who在句中引导定语从句, 且在从句中作主语, 符合 题目结构。whom引导定语从句也修饰人, 但是在 从句中作宾语或用于介词+whom结构中。
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there? 2) The girl that/who/whom we were talking about is Joan. 3) Did you see the pen that/which I lost yesterday?
3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
分析关系词在定语从句中的作用
1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there?
指人 作主语
2) The girl (that/who/whom) we were talking about is Joan.
高考英语一轮复习之定语从句知识汇总
高考英语一轮复习：定语从句知识汇总概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)引导定语从句的是关系代词that,which,who,whose,whom和关系副词when,where,why。
关系代词或关系副词既起连接作用,又充当从句中的一个成分。
3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1. 形式不同限制性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。
高考英语定语从句考点总结最全面精华版
高考靠近仍为英语犯愁？这里有份连老外都点赞地定语从句技巧高考必胜在这个穷得只剩下梦的时候你一定要比别人更努力，概念在复合句中，修饰名词或代词地从句叫定语从句；引导定语从句地词叫关系词; 被修饰地名词或代词叫先行词；定语从句一般放在先行词地后面；二，引导词(1)关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as(2 )关系副词：when/where/why三，分类依据定语从句与先行词地关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句；1,限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不行省去；例如：Any man that / who has a sense of duty won ' t do such a thing.任何有责任感地人都不会做这样地事；2,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整；例如：The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.这幢房子很美丽，为我们上个月买地.留意：非限定性定语从句中不能使用关系代词that ；.F 1> 尸A，G & A4ENGLISH >R b 卜 Q £ ° L♦四，关系代词地用法1,that:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语；（指人时，相当于who 或whom;指物时，相当于which）（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不行置于介词后作宾语）如：（1） A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read.（主语）（2）Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now.（3）You can take anything （ that） you like.（宾语）（4）What is the question （that/which） they are talking about.（5）Here is the man （ who/whom/that ） you want to see.（6）She's no longer the girl （ that） she used to be before.（表语）（6）Our hometownis no longer the one （that） it used to be.= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from whatit used to be.= Our hometown is not what it used to be.2,which:指物;在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语；如：（1）The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）（2）2. The book （which/that） I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语）（3）The factory in which his father works is far from here.（4）He was proud, which his brother never was.（表语）（5）Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learnedFrench.（定语）（6）He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.3,who, whom, whose:who:主格，在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语；只可指人whom:宾格，在从句中作宾语；只可指人whose:属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物；（1）I like the students who/that work hard.（主语）（2）All who heard the story were amazed.（代词如he, they, any, those, all, one 等后多用who.）（3）Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor.（宾语）（4）He's a man from whom we should learn. = He's a man （whom/who/that） we should learn from. -I比较: He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your praise.He is the student who you think is worth praising.（5） A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.（指人）I'd like a room whose window faces south.（指物）=I'd like a room of which the window faces south. =I'd like a roomthe window of which faces south.There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to come关系代词作介词宾语：关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时，介词可放于从句之首，也可放于从句之末.但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必需留意不影响动词词组地含义；关系代词who 与that用作介词宾语时，介词必需放在句末.）如：（6）This is the book for which you asked.=This is the book （that/which） you asked for.（2）Doyou knowthe person with whomI shook hands.= Doyou knowthe person（whom/who/that） I shook hands with. I（3）The beginning of agriculture was a big step in human progress with which nothing could compare until our information age. I（4）In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.Is this the factory to which you paid a visit last week.Is this factory the one to which you paid a visit last week.（5）This is the girl whom they are looking after.（介词after 与look构成固定词组，不行前置；再如：look at, look for, look after, take care of等）4,as地用法:（as引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语）（1）如为限制性地，多用于the same as ; the same as;such as ; as many/much as;so as 等结构中；如：I have the same book as you （have）. 我有一本与你地一样地书；Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been.（关系代词as与指示代词same连在从句中用作表语,先行词为same.）用，Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now.I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning.We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests.Don't do such things as you are not sure about.There is no such place as you dream of in all this world.比较:I live in the same house that he used to live in.I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday.比较：Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.（定语从句）Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）（2）如为非限制性地，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为"正如，这一点"；（动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.）As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . （as 作宾语）=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health . （as 作主语）=It's knownto all that smoking is harmful to one's health. 或:Smoking is harmful to one's health , as we all know .（as 作宾语）或：Smoking, as we all know, is harmful to one' health. IHe was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.（宾语,先行词为前面整个句子）5，but地用法：but用作关系代词，其意思相当于who/that not ,"没有不",如(1)There is not one of us but wishes to help you.(2)There is no tree but bears some fruit.(3)There are very few but admire his talents.五，关系副词地用法1,when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语；例如：This was the time when he arrived.这为他到达地时间；(when=at which)2,where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语；例如：This is the place where he works.这为他工作地地点；(where=at /in which)3,why指缘由，其先行词为缘由，起缘由状语作用；例如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到；(why=for which)。
高三英语一轮复习定语从句（一）
高三英语一轮复习定语从句（一）高三英语定语从句（一）一、【知识点】定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1.who指人在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to.如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
高三一轮复习定语从句总结
引导定语从句的关系代词
先行词 人
物
句子成分
作主语
who which /that /that
作宾语 Who(m) which/ /that that
人+物 是否可略
that
否
that
是
作定语
whose/ whose
否
of which
作表语
that /
that which
是
在定语从句中用什么关系词的方法
定语从句 关系副词在定语从句中时间状语。
• This is the place where my mother was born. 先行词 关系词 定语从句
• I关d系on副't k词n在ow定t语he从re句aso中n地w点hy状sh语e。looks unhappy today 先行词 关系词 关系副词在定语从句中定原语因从状句语。
关系代词与介词
1. 当介词放在关系代词前时，介词宾语只能 用which代物，whom代人。且关系代词一律 不能省略。(固定短语中的介词不可提前)
例如：I want to find the pen with which I wrote that letter.
2.介词在末尾时，可用that/which（代物）， that/whom/who（代人）做介词的宾语，且 这个介词宾语的关系代词往往省略。
The bike and its rider _t_h_a_t_ had run over an old woman were held up by the police. 4 .先行词是all, much, little, few, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词用that，而不用which
高考英语一轮专题复习 通用版 考定语从句
定语从句1.定语从句的定义：用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。
定语从句一般是由关系代词或关系副词来引导的。
相当于名词和形容词的作用。
eg: 1. Do you know the man who see Xiao Yang this morning?1.The day is not far off when we will make a trip to Britain.II. 关系代词和关系副词的作用：(1)、引导作用：引导后面的定语从句(2)、替代作用：替代先行词(3)、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用eg: 1. Those who want to go please sign your names here.2.This is the house where h e was born.3. Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions.III：关系代词引导的定从：1.例题讲解：1. He is the model worker that/whom/ /we should learn from.2. A dictionary is a book which/that often helps us to know the meanings of the words.3. This is the film which/that/ /I like best.4. The boy whose father is a professor is one of my best friends.5. The house will be rebuilt soon.2. as 用作关系代词，即可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做主语，宾语，表语。
它通常在the same …as,such…as/so…as等固定句型中使用（考点四）1.Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.2.Let’s discuss only such questions as concern every one of us.3.Would you please buy me the same novel as you bought for brother yesterday, Mum?4. As we all know, John is an honest man.比较：She wore the same dress that she wore at Marry’s wedding.3.限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况：IV．关系代词which和that的区别：A.关系代词必须用that的情形：1、当先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰that I have ever seen.2、当先行词被序数词修饰that arrived at the destination was driven by John.3、当先行词被the only, the very等修饰that I got yesterday.This is the very book that I’m looking for.4、当先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时Is there anything that I can do for you?All that you have to do is to press the button.There is no time that we can waste.5、当先行词既指人又指物时The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.6. 当句子本身有特殊疑问词时，只能用thatWhich is the thing that I know？B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用whichThis is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.II．关系副词引导的定从：III．介词+which/whom：1.关系代词和关系副词的区别：When=in/at/on/…+which;Where=in/at/on/…+which;Why=for /…+which2.“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom。
北师大版高三一轮复习定语从句精讲
定语从句①定语：是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
②从句：复合句中不能独立成句，但具有主语局部和谓语局部。
〔与主句相对〕③定语从句：在复合句中作定语的从句；说明主句中某一名词或代词(有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一局部)而起定语作用的句子。
④先行词：定语从句的引导词前面的被定语从句所修饰的名词、代词。
⑤关系词：引导定语从句的词，可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间，且作为定语从句的一个成分。
关系代词主要有：which that who whom whose as；关系副词主要有：when where why。
试分析：Her sister has become a layer which she wanted to be.考点一：关系代词的用法1. 关系代词的作用①. 连接作用：关系代词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；②. 替代作用：关系代词在从句中替代它前面的先行词；③. 成分作用：关系代词在从句中总是充当句子成分〔主语，宾语或表语〕；Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.主句关系代词从句〔连接主句和从句，在从句中代替“an old man〞，在从句中充当主语〕2.关系代词的用法分类从句关系代词格用于限制性和非限制性定语从句只用于限制性定语从句指人指物既指人又指物主格词who which that宾格词who(m)属格词whose/of whom whose/ of which whose〔在从句中作定语〕※限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句①. 限制性定语从句起修饰限制的作用，是主句不可少的一局部，与先行词无逗号隔开，翻译成中文常译成前置定语----- “...的人〔或东西〕〞。
从句不能省略，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；Those who want to go, sign their names on the paper.②. 非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明的作用，可有可无，省去不影响句子的意思，常用逗号隔开，翻译成并列分句。
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Revision of attributive clauses
Step 1: The basic elements and sentence structure in attributive clauses.
Halloween is a festival (that people are interested in). . . . . Step 2: Relative pronouns.
Step 3: Relative adverbs.
Step 4: The usage of “that”.
Which 和 that 在指代物的情况下可互换，以下情况只用that:
(1)先行词为不定代词, 如等。
(2)先行词被等修饰.
(3)先行词是时.
(4)先行词是时.
(5)先行词用that
(6)如果已经有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已经用which,另一个关系代词则宜用 .
(7)主句是 ,定语从句宜用that引导.
(8)关系代词本身是定语从句的时,关系代词宜用that.
(9)在以的句子中,为了避免重复,关系代词用that.
(10)当先行词被等表示唯一概念的词修饰时.
Step 5: The usage of prepositions in attributive clauses.
Halloween is a festival people are interested in.
Halloween is a festival people are interested.
President Obama is the person I’d like to speak to.
President Obama is the person I’d like to speak.
注意：1. 根据定语从句中的动词的习惯搭配来选择合适的介词。
2. 根据句子所表达的意思确定介词。
如：with, without等。
3. 有些动词短语不能拆分，因此介词不能前置于关系代词前。
如：care for, deal with, get through, hear
from/about/of, look for, look after, take care of, see to, send for等。
4. 名词/代词+介词+关系代词的结构，常见结构为 .
.
例： .
例： .
5. 介词+whose+名词+句子例： .
6. 介词+which+名词+句子例： .
Ste p 6: The usage of “as”.
see/know/hear/watch/remember/say/tell/show/expect/guess/announce/report等连用。
3. as构成的常用短语：众所周知 . 正如所料 . 如上所述 . 如下 . 如前所释 . 业已证明 . 通常如此 . 我记得 .
Step 7: Attributive clauses with special structures.
例： . 3. 插入式定语从句：关系代词与从句中插入I think/ I believe/ I guess/ we expect/ they say等插入语。
例： . 4. 多重定语从句：两个或以上的定语从句同时修饰一个先行词，如关系代词在从句中做宾语，则第一个定
语从句中的关系代词可省略，其他均不可省略。
例： . 5. 先行词为等名词表人、
物所处的情况、发展的阶段或表达事物某个方面时，用where引导定语从句（前提是从句缺状语）。
例： . 6. from where 用法：where为关系代词，指代地点状语而非某个先行词。
例： . 7. since/ by/ before when用法：when为关系代词，意为“那时”。
例： . 8. 集体名词充当先行词，强调整体用which，强调各成员用who.
例： . 例： . 9. 关系代词在定语从句中做主语，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
Tom is one of the engineers who (send) abroad.
Tom is the only one of the engineers who (be) intelligent.
Step 8: Differences between attributive clauses and some other clauses.
Step 9: Exercises.
Part A Multiple choice.
Part B Writing.。