限定词及不定限定词具体用法搭配详解

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限制词（ determiner)
限制词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、泛指、定量或不定量等限制作用的一类词。

一、英语限制词种类
1.定冠 ,不定冠 ,零冠。

如： the, a
2.名属格。

如：my friend ’s, Tom ’ｓ⋯
3.物主限制。

如 : my, your ⋯
4.指示限制。

如： this, that, these,those, such ⋯
5.疑限制。

如： what, whose, which⋯
6.关系限制。

如： which, whose ⋯
7.不定限制。

如： some, any, each, every, either, neither, all
8.数 (基数、序数、倍数、分数 )
9.量。

如： a lot of, lots of ,a great/good deal of ,
a great/large/good number of⋯
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二、限制与三名的搭配关系
限制按它意可分特指限制、泛指限制、定量限制、不定量限制四大。

四限制有的能与数、复数可数名搭配，也可与不行数名搭配
1 ）能与三名搭配的限制主要有：
the; my, John’ s,the old man’ s⋯; some, any, no,all, other, such, what（ever）, which (ever), whose⋯
eg. the book----the books----the money,
my book----my books----my money
John ’ s book--- John’ s books---- John’s money
2)能与数名搭配的限制。

如:
a (n) , each, every, another,either ,one,neither, many a,such a (n)⋯
eg. each worker ， every student， either book ， another book
3)能与复数名搭配的限制。

如：
both,two,another two(three),many, （ a) few,several,these, those, a (great) number of⋯如：
two girls ，（ a） few words，several students
4)能与不行数名搭配的限制,如：
a bit of, a large amount of, a great deal of, (a)little
much, less, (the) least⋯
a bit of water， a large amount of money ， much noise
5)能与复数名搭配的限制。

如：
the first, the second, the last, the next, the other⋯
the first rose ， the first roses ， the last man, the last men
the next meeting，the next meetings，many a ship，many
ships ⋯
注意：用了many a +数可数名作主，只管是复数意，后来的是要用数形
式。

6)能与数名和不行数名搭配的限制。

如（ the） least ， this ， that ⋯
the least knowledge,this/thatwork,this/that job
7)能与复数名和不行数名搭配的限制。

如 :
a lot of,lots of, plenty of, enough,more, most, such, other⋯.如：
a lot of books, a lot of money, lots of chairs, lots of food,such men, such bread ⋯
Ex: 下边的，要求注意限制与三名的搭配关系。

1.Why is there___traffic on the streets in February than in May?
A. less
B. fewer
C. few
D. little
2.On account of the typhoon____shipmentwill arrive
this week.
A.neither
B. all
C. both
D. these
3.They paid___money for the machine than I expected.
A. little
B. less
C. much
D. fewer
are trees on ___side of the street.
A.such a
B. both
C. some
D. each
you got___copies to go round?
A.the other
B. enough
C.a little
D. much
6.I saw ___cars outside the building .
A.a little
B.any
C. lots of
D.neither
7.There ’ s____water in the bottle.
A.few
B. a number of
C. plenty of
8.I ’ d like ____paper.
A.a few
B.several
C. a bit of
D. these
are ___mistakes in the paper.
A. the
B. a little
C. much
D. a few
they have____air-conditioners for cooling the rooms
in summer?
A. many a
B. enough
C.a great deal of
D. a bit of
11. Don’ t worry about the seats.There are ___chairs in
the room.
A. plenty of
B. any
C. both
D. most
12. There is___iron in this mine than in that one.
A.much
B. a great deal of
C. less
D. a lot of ___work has to be done before the plant goes into operation.
A. Much
B. Double
C. A number of
D. Neither
14.He wrote___ essays on Victorian novels in his class.
A. the next
B. the most
C. the other
D. the more
15.The model worker had ___thought of his own interests.
A. the last
B. less
C. the least
D. another
must be___empty talk but more hard work .
A.fewer
B. no C .the least D. less
17.He has published ____short stories in English.
A. a great amount of B .a number of
C. another
D. many a
18.We had___rainfalls last summer.
A. too much
B. little
C. a little
D. only several
三、限制词与限制词之间的先后次序关系
在名中心以前假如有两个或两个以上限制出,就会生限制的先后序。

按其不一样的搭配地点，限制可分
前位限制 :all, both, half;double,twice,three times; one-third,two fifths; what, such (a /an)⋯
中位限制 :
(1)定冠和不定冠;
(2)物主限制(my, your⋯
（3 ）指示限制 (this, that, these,those);
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(4)’ s 属格名 ;
(5)不定数目 (如 some, enough ,no, any, every, each, either, neither);
(6)疑限制 what, which, whose;
(7)关系限制 which, whose;
(8)ever 的 wh-,如 whatever, whichever, whoever。

后位限制 (1):
(1)基数 ;
(2)序数和一般序数next, last,(an) other, additional, further;
(3)封数目 (a) few, fewer, several, most, more, many, much, (a) little, less,
least;
后位限制 (2):
plenty of, a bit of , a lot of , lots of, a great deal/quantity/amount /number
of⋯
假如一个名有上述三限制，其搭配关系是
依据“前位—中位—后位”的序摆列。

如：
all the four teachers
前中后
all your three books
前中后
all these last few days
前中后后
假如只有上述两限制，其搭配关系仍依据上述序half his lecture
前中
those last few months
中后后
all other students
前后
such a misfortune
前中
some such alloy
中后
ADHERE
such 既属于前位限制,又可后位限制。

在such 前位限制 ,而在与其余限制some, any, no, all, one, many a ⋯和 such
等搭配
an ⋯搭配中属于
, such是后位限
定。

由上述例子能够看出，中位限制之和前位限制之是相互排挤的，即一个名中心以前不行并用两
其中位限制或两个前位限制。

所以“我的那本” 不是“ my that book 而是 that book of mine ，因
my 和 that 同是中位限制，不行同并列。

但后位限制
”
词的使用却不受此限制。

如:
many more copies,three other girls, his last two books,the first two chapters等都是后位限制词重叠使用的实例。

Ex. Choose an appropriate combination of determiners to
fill in each black:
The He
additional work will take ____weeks.
A. the other
B. another five
C. other
did it in ___time it took me.
A. the one-third
B. half a
C.the double
five D. the more
D. one-third the
I saw ___ boys at the cinema.
A. the both
B. many a
C. both the
D. the several
___candidates are girls.
A. Half the
B. The half
C. Their half
D. Half a
5.He was on leave ___ days.
A. the few last
B. few another
C. few other
D. the last few
6.___friends usually speak highly of him.
A. His some many C.Many his D.Some his
7.Please serve me___soup.
A. more some
B. the less
C. more the
D. some more
8.____ alloy many be used to replace copper.
A. Such a
B. Some such such
9. Please send __samples to London by air.
A. these enough these
C. enough these
D. these five
10.Are you going to buy ___rice?
A. all these
B. these all
C. all this
D. both these
11.They want at least ___salaries.
A. their double
B. double their
C. enough their
D. their enough
___dictionary is enough for me .
A. Such one
B. One such
C. Such a one
D. One such a
13.___factors should be considered.
A. These all all C. All such D. Some these
14.___evenings he did enjoy himself immensely.
A. The first few few first
C. The first some
D. Some the first
四．疑问限制词
不论是做疑问代词仍是疑问限制词，which (哪个，哪些 )和 what所指的范围不一样。

what 所指的范围是无穷的，而which则指在必定的范围内，比如：
1.Which girls do you like best?你喜爱哪几个姑娘？
2.What girls do you like best?你喜爱什么样的姑娘？
3.Which university do you like best？
4.What university do you like best？
五. 关系限制词
关系代词whose既充任指引词的作用，又对先行词起限制作用，在定语从句中作先行
词的定语。

eg. A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.
六 . 不定代词
不定代词及其基本用法
1.all, each, both,either,neither, some, any, one, (a) little, (a) few, many, much, other(s), another,主语,宾语,表语,定语（既可用作名词，也可用作形容词）
2. everyone, everybody,everything；
somebody, someone,something；
anyone ,anybody ,anything；
nobody,nothing, no one
主语 ,宾语 ,表语，能够后跟else，并且可用作全部格（- ’ s 形式）主语、宾语,表语
4 .every, no （这两个不过形容词）定语
不定限制词与各种名词的搭配
all, each, both,either, neither, some, any,
one, (a) little, (a) few,many, much, other(s),
another,
1.只与复数可敉名词搭配的不定限制词both, many, (a) few
2.只与不行敉名词搭配的不定限制词much, (a) little
3.只与单数可敉名词搭配的不定限制词each (every, one), either, neither, many a,
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4.既可与复数可敉名词，又可与不行敉名词搭配的不定限制词all,some,any, many, other, another,
不定限制词的详细用法
some 和 any既可用作限制词,也可用作不定代词,起名词词组的作用;但 no 只好用作限制词,不可以独自使用。

1)some
a .some 主要用于必定句。

但当说话人期望必定回答时，
some 也能用于疑问句。

Are there some letters for me？
I ’ m expecting some.
b.当购物时向售货员发问或主人咨询客人表示招待时,也可
在疑问句顶用some 。

Could I have some letters for me
Would you like some chocolate cake?
c.当 some与单数可数名词连用时，相当于ａcertain某(一)个”的意思。

Some boy has broken a window
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d. 当 some修饰复数可数名词或不行数名词,表“几个”,“一些”的意思。

如
some questions,some children ,
some water ,some ink
2)any
a.any 主要用于否认句、疑问句、条件句、if或whether指引的宾语从句，或用于带有半
否认词或拥有否认含义的动词、形容词或介词的句子。

如：
1. Are they any stamps in the drawer ？
2.You haven ’ t any work to do
3.He never had any luck
4.Let me know if you hear any news
5. If you have any news, call me up right away.
b. any也用于必定句,意味“任何” 。

往常重读，修饰单数可
可数名词和不行数名词。

如：
any day you like.
time you want me, just send for me .
c. any+复数可数名词/ 不行数名词
,表“一些”
any books,any water
d.any+ 单数可数名词 ,表示“ every ”的含义
Any child could answer that question.
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3 ） no 可修饰单复数可数名词和不行数名词。

用法以下：
a ）用于 there is （are), have (has), have(has) got以后,等于not any
are no letters for you today.
2.He has no books I ’ v got no home.
b)用于连系动词以后 ,等于 not a , 但语气很强 .
girl was no beauty.
2.He is no friend of mine.
c)用于其余动词以后
1.I took no part in these negotiations.
2.He could expect no sympathy from Joan.
d)用于修饰其余句子成分
boy at school had ever seen the sea.
2.I ’ m in no mood for jokes.
e ）用于警示、命令等表记
No smoking！
f ）用于表示程度,not any, 用作状语 ,修饰形容词原级、
比较级和副词比较级
this is no unimportant question, my dear John
2.She was no older than Li Ping.
g)用于固定习语
are no longer at the mercy of nature.
2.There ’s no such thing as ghosts.
not 与 no 的差别 :
a)not 可用于否认动词 ,no 则没有这类功能。

b)no 是拥有形容词性质的不定代词 ,只好与名词或相当于名
词的词连用 ,如 no time, no telephone, No spitting!
c) no 等于 not any ，所以不可以用于 a ，the ， all, both,
every 等词以前 ;在这些词以前必修用 not , 如 not a chance ,not the least, not all of us, not everyone, not enough。

d) no 也不与姓名、副词、介词等连用。

但not 可与这些词
连用，如me，not George ； not wisely ；not on Sundays.
e)some ， any ， no 以及它们的合成词。

这些复合词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

something （ -body ， -one ， -where ）
anything（-body，-one，-where）
nothing（-body，-where），后者不是限制词
all, both, none, no one, neither ,either, every, each
1)all “全体”的意思。

Both :俩
1.All students went to the classroom.
2.Both his parents are teachers.
2 ） none
假如要表示“全体都不”的意思，就用none( 指“物或人” ，
三个以上 )。

none后常跟of短语,作主语时谓语动词可用单数
或复数。

可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。

1.None of the dogs was (were) there.
2.None of the money was ever recovered.
3 ） no one=nobody
no one只指人,不指物，作主语时，谓语用单数。

跟none有同样之处。

如：No one was here.
4 ） neither
假如要表示两个人或物“都不”，往常要用neither 。

可作主语、宾语、定语。

作主语时.谓语用单数可跟of短语。

1.Neither of my friends has come yet.
2.Neither brother has been abroad.
5 ） either
跟 neither 意义相反，意思是“二者之中任何一个” ，在句子中作主语、宾语，表示单数观点，作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式。

1.Either of the plans is equally dangerous.
2.The news did not shock either of them.
6 ） every
表示全体中的“每个” ，假如这个“全体”包括三个或更多
的人或物，往常用every ，与单数名词连用。

1.Every student in the class took part in the performance
2.Every time I ring you up, I find you engaged.
7)each
两个或两个以上的人或物就用each 。

与单数可数名词和单数动词连用
1.Each side of the street was crowded with people.。