2020-2021学年北京市166中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案

2020-2021学年北京市166中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Bob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.
Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.
Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.
1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?
A. Because they often fail in exams.
B. Because they lack time and money.
C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.
D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.
2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.
A. parents should stop buying anything for their kids
B. parents should develop a good relationship with their kids
C. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kids
D. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses
3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A. Hard Life of College Freshmen
B. Approaches to Trouble in College
C. Freshmen’s Adaptation Problems
D. A Strange Phenomenon in College
B
Kids often admire well-known celebrities, putting posters of their favorite musicians, movie stars and athletes on their bedroom walls. But rarely does a young person get to meet or talk to their idol. Yet for one young tennis player - Coco Gauff - her chance to do just that happened in an amazing way!
Coco was born on March 13, 2004. At the age of 4, she developed an interest in tennis after watching Venus Williams win the Australian Open on TV. Coco began playing at 7 and showed a real talent for the sport. When young Coco turned 10, she began training at a tennis centre run by Venus's coach, Patrick Mouratoglou. He still remembers the first time he met Coco. He says, “She impressed me with her determination and fighting spirit. ” Convinced of her talent, Mouratoglou sponsored（资助）Coco to attend his academy in France. While she was preparing to go to the academy in 2019, she received a call that would change her plans and her life!
Wimbledon（温布尔顿网球比赛）organizers called and offered Gauff entry to the tournament（联赛）as a wildcard（外卡选手）.This madeher one of the youngest players to ever qualify. Before she knew it she was on her way to London. After arriving, she received another surprise. For her Wimbledon debut（首次登场），she would be playing her lifelong hero, Venus Williams! The tennis legend is 24years older than Gauff.
The world watched with amazement as young Gauff beat Venus in two straight sets! Afterwards, Gauff shook Venus's hand, thanked her and said, “I wouldn't be here if it wasn't for you. " After the match, Venus said of Gauff, “I think the sky is the limit；it really is. " Venus said, “I feel honored that I was on her wall [as a poster] at some point in her life. Soon she will be on other girls' walls. It's nice because it will keep going from the next generation to the next generation. "
4. What can we learn about Coco from the text?
A. She took up tennis as career at the age of 4.
B. She went to academy at the age of 7.
C. She had played against William before 10.
D. She beat William at the age of 15
5. Which of the following can best describe Coco?
A. Talented and modest.
B. Lucky and responsible.
C. Proud and hard-working.
D. Respectful and cheerful.
6. What can we infer from Venus's words?
A. Coco had reached her limits.
B. Coco would rise to fame after the match.
C. Coco's poster would be passed on.
D. Coco had once visited her home.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text ?
A. Coco Gauff：Tennis's Next Superstar.
B. Coco Gauff：A Poster on the Wall.
C. What Posters Mean to a Young Girl.
D. The Significance of Admiring an Idol.
C
Some of the oldest art in human history is being damaged, scientists say. And climate change may be speeding up its loss. Newresearch reports that ancient rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time, as bits of rock slowly break off from the walls. It's a huge loss for human history.
Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem, the study suggests. These salt crystals go into the cave walls, changing sizes as temperatures rise and fall. This process causes the rock to slowly break down.
Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods of drought. These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.
In particular, the researchers say, climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future. These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debating the exact influence of climate change on El Nino, a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming and cooling in thePacific Ocean.
The new study, led by Jillian Huntley, examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites. It's merely a small part There are more than 300 known eave art sites around the region. The researchers note that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem, adding that climate change is a growing threat, one that deserves more attention.
8. What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?
A. Weather patterns.
B. Salt crystals.
C. Wet conditions.
D. Drought Periods.
9. Which of the following may researchers agree with?
A. El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.
B. Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.
C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.
D. Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.
10. Which word best describes Huntley's attitude to climate change?
A. Worried.
B. Curious.
C. Doubtful.
D. Positive.
11. What can we learn from thelast paragraph?
A. The formation and patterns of salt crystals.
B. The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.
C. The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.
D. The threats of human activities to ancient eave art sites.
D
Japan's prime minister encouraged the decision to ban viewers, even family members, by issuing a state of emergency order in Tokyo earlier this month in response to rising COVID-19 case numbers.
From the perspective of sports psychologists, an Olympics without fans is a real-life science experiment that is helping researchers and clinicians to comb through the true impact of a crowd of fans on its players—and on viewers at home. The strange circumstances under which the games are held may place unexpected pressure on some athletes. On Tuesday, superstar gymnast Simone Biles dropped out of the women's team event, telling teammates and reporters she wasn't in the right “headspace” to compete. “It's been really stressful this Olympic Games. There are a lot of different variables going into it,” Biles told the Washington Post.
The 2020 Summer Olympics bears similarities and differences to other major sporting events without viewers. The English Premier League supplemented (增加) game broadcasts with crowd noise from the soccer video game FIFA 20, mixed with game audio in real time. A Taiwanese baseball team and German soccer team began populating stands with cardboard cutouts of fans, and the trend caught on internationally.
Jamey Houle, the lead sports psychologist for Ohio State University Athletics and a former Al-American gymnast, says competitive athletes are trained in visualization— imagining performing a certain action or motion, such as doing a roundoff back handspring in gymnastics. Without moving a muscle, players using visualization can solidify neural (神经的) connections and activate their motor cortex (皮层). To visualize most effectively, Houle says, athletes working with sports psychologists will try to simulate as closely as possible the conditions of actual gameplay. Empty stadiums may thus have a measurable impact on players' performance. This phenomenon is
grounded in a psychological concept called “social facilitation”, referring to a change in a person's performance that occurs when others are around compared to when a person is alone.
12. What caused Biles to drop out of the women's team event?
A. The poor physical condition.
B. The absence of the audience.
C. The fiercely competitive event.
D. The influence of crowds of fans.
13. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A. The Taiwanese baseball team is a success.
B. The tendency mentioned is popular among some sporting events.
C. The 2020 Summer Olympics is stricter in preventing the pandemic.
D. The crowd noise plays a leading role in the English Premier League.
14. How does Houle explain the impact of empty stadiums on players' performance?
A. By doing a roundoff back handspring.
B. By simulating the conditions of actual gameplay.
C. By using the concept called social facilitation.
D. By changing the viewers of a player.
15. What message does the author mainly convey in the text?
A. Athletes should be trained in visualization.
B. Audience should be admitted to the Olympics.
C. Social facilitation is helpful to sporting events.
D. Viewers present may influence players' performance.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项The global medical community has debated the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for decades. In the midst of the still-unfolding novel corona-virus pandemic,___16___.
Michael Lai, general manager of AstraZeneca-a British-Swedish pharmaceutical giant China, said at a recent forum on Chinese medicine internationalization that Western medicine is based on the science of pharmacology(药理学) and toxicology(毒理学) while___17___. Chinese herbal medicines have complex chemical makeups, and thus require a lot of effort to understand which component is effective, and how components interact with each other to contribute to easing certain symptoms.
“To enhance the global presence of Chinese medicine, the most important factors are strong science, consensus, quality, and investment in relevant clinical studies,” Lai told CGTN.
Understanding the benefits of Chinese medicine and expanding its use in conjunction with Western remedies are key to increasing global acceptance for herbal drugs. “With the whole COVID-19 epidemic,___18___. But
building science behind drug products is very important, and we are generating more data for efficacy,” Lai added.
The corona-virus disease has stoked Western countries’ interest in TCM, but it remains hard for TCM to gain traction worldwide. “I’m not that optimistic about widespread recognition of Chinese medicine. But at least, people have come to know that Chinese medicine can treat acute viral infections through the pandemic,” said Zhang Boli, an academician at the ChineseAcademyofEngineering.China’s come along way in regulating TCM plantation and marketing, and now relevant products have reached a qualification rate of over 80 percent. But___19___.
Lai believes that the role of Chinese medicine will increase. “Chinese medicine has its uniqueness and advantages, especially in preventing and treating chronic diseases. It has a strong fit when we look at the macro trend of an aging population. The internationalization of TCM will happen;___20___.”
A. it is just a matter of when
B. more needs to be done
C. none of these ambulances were ever used
D. TCM has once again become the bone of contention(争论的焦点)
E. TCMis based more on experience through a history of thousands of years.
F. there’s a very good combination of Chinese and Western medicines being used
G. TCM treatment was widely used on patients showing mild or moderate symptoms
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项On a hilltop in southeast Brazil, 4,500 feet above the surrounding landscape, is a coffee plantation with a history of more than 150 years—five generations. The owner is Ellen Fontana, a woman____21____to both her land and her family. A respect____22____nature contributes to her business; she employs sustainable (可持续的) practices to____23____water, avoid pesticides and____24____greenhouse gas emissions. Her devotion and attention helped her____25____award-winning specialty coffee and a successful coffee business, which she hopes will____26____through future generations.
But in the past few years, her vision of the future has been____27____. The planet is changing____28____and whether coffee production will continue in her area in 20 or 50 years is naturally a____29____.
“I heard from my grandparents that it used to rain a lot in January, and the dry and rainy seasons were more clearly_____30_____,” Fontana says. “But now, for a few years, we have
noticed_____31_____rainfall, high temperature and hail (冰雹).”
In 2014, Fontana’s home experienced its worst_____32_____in nearly a century, leading to a rare water crisis. And February 2020 was the rainiest month in the region’s_____33_____history, resulting in floods.
_____34_____Fontana has earned more than many, thanks to her hilltop location and a significant area of natural forest that she and her family have_____35_____on their land.
She says, “We are in a region with a lot of preserved forest, and we have a lot of coffee. This climate_____36_____a lot in the balance of crops. I think that living in a balance between coffee production and the environment that we live in provides a_____37_____not only for our family but for all the other people who will_____38_____these resources. I think this_____39_____is good for the business, good for the_____40_____and good for our soul.”
21. A. related B. addicted C. devoted D. used
22. A. to B. for C. about D. in
23. A. make the best of B. run out of C. keep track of D. give way to
24. A. reserve B. reject C. reduce D. replace
25. A. design B. invent C. harvest D. create
26. A. stop B. return C. appear D. continue
27. A. improved B. shaken C. recognized D. cleared
28. A. frequently B. rapidly C. gradually D. definitely
29. A. concern B. factor C. mission D. principle
30. A. conducted B. listed C. pursued D. defined
31. A. irregular B. increasing C. mild D. average
32. A. drought B. sandstorm C. flood D. earthquake
33. A. hidden B. recorded C. short D. brief
34. A. Otherwise B. Also C. Thus D. But
35. A. cut B. covered C. maintained D. produced
36. A. fades B. changes C. punishes D. helps
37. A. benefit B. career C. freedom D. convenience
38. A. remove B. enjoy C. waste D. observe
39. A. access B. approach C. balance D. behavior
40. A. friends B. climate C.atmosphere D. family
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live longer than those who dropped out of high school.____41.____the average American's expected span has been flat in recent years, and____42.____surprising）even fell between 2015 and 2017, that of the one- third with a bachelor's degree has continued to lengthen.
This difference is growing, according to the new research____43.____（publish）in the National Academy of Sciences. Scientists found that the life spans（寿命）of those with and without a bachelor's degree started to____44.____（different）in the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even____45.____（wide）in the 2010s.
What is the link____46.____schooling and longevity? Some argue that better-educated people develop various healthier____47.____（lifestyle）：each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more,____48.____in turn is associated with greater health.
Researchers argue that changes in labour markets____49.____（reduce）the supply of well-paid jobs for____50.____（that）without a degree in the past few years. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other "deaths of despair" .
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When I was in high school, most of my friend had bicycles. I hoped I could also have it. One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan. I asked my father the money. But he said he could only give me half the money. I should find the other half myself. So I went to sell newspapers after the school. My father was pleasing when I showed him the money a month after. He gives me the other fifty. You can imagine how happily I was when I rode to school by my own bicycle.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将举行“减少碳足迹，创建绿色校园”活动。

请你写一封倡议书刊登
在校英语报上，内容如下：
1.活动目的；
2.具体措施；
3.发出倡议。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. D
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B
12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D
16. D 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. A
21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32.
A 33.
B 34. D 35.
C 36.
D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
41. Although/Though/While
42. surprisingly
43. published
44. differ 45. wider
46. between
47. lifestyles
48. which 49. have reduced
50. those
51.(1).friend→friends
(2).it→one
(3).that→which
(4).father后加for
(5).after the school 去掉the
(6).pleasing→pleased
(7).after→later
(8).gives→gave
(9).happily→happy
(10).by→on
52.略。