人教版复习学案：Unit5《Canada-“The True North”》(必修3)

一轮复习学案：Unit5《Canada-“The True North”》（必修3）
【重点单词】
1. Work in pairs and answer this quiz分组进行回答下面的小测试。

◆quiz(1) n.测验；问答比赛(2) vt.盘问；查问；询问；质问；测试（学生）
Have a quiz in 进行..测试give sb a quit on 对某人进行…测试
e.g. The quiz show on CCTV last night was exciting.
昨晚中央电视台的那个问答比赛节目很让人兴奋。

e.g. Then I’ll quiz you on writing. 那我现在考一下你们的写作。

同类辨析quiz/test/exam
quiz 指事先没准备，随时进行的问答或小测验。

也指广播或电视中的知识竞赛。

Please take out of paper. We will have a quiz.
test 指非正式的考试或测试，以达到某种标准。

有“考查”之意。

After ten months of hard work, he has passed the driving test.
examination通常指正式的“考试”，如期末考试、入学考试等。

2.describe (vt)描述、叙述（N）description 描写、描述、形容(adj)descriptive Describe… as…把…说成是、把...称作give a description of 描述... beyond description难以形容
2. On the way to the station, he chatted about their trip. （p34）
在去火车站的路上，林丹尼聊起她们的旅程。

◆chat
(1) vi.聊天；闲聊：e.g. It is pleasant to chat with friends.和朋友聊天是愉快的。

(2) n.聊天；闲聊：e.g. Ask him to stop by for a chat。

请他来坐坐, 聊聊天.
chat about sth. 谈论某事chat with/to sb. 同某人聊天have a chat 聊天
同类辨析conversation，chat，dialogue，discussion和talk的区别
(1)conversation指“无拘束或非正式的谈话”。

e.g. We had a long telephone conversations. 我们通过谈话做了长时间的交谈。

(2)chat指“闲谈”、“聊天”。

e.g.We need less chat and more work if we're to finish this job today.
如果我们打算今天完成这件工作的话，那就要少聊天，多工作。

(3)dialogue指“对白，对话或戏剧的对白”。

e.g.The dialogue remained light and friendly. 谈话一直保持轻松愉快和友好的气氛。

(4)discuss 指“讨论”、“商议”。

e.g. I had a long discussion with my friends about the matter. 这件事我跟朋友们商讨了很久。

(5) talk指“非正式谈话”，用于较随便的场合。

e.g. I met Mrs. Jones at the shop and had a long talk with her.
我在商店遇见了琼斯夫人，同她谈了很长时间。

3. surround
①环绕，围绕The city is surrounded on all sides by hills.这个城市四面环山。

【拓展】surrounding adj.附近的，四周的surroundings n. 环境
be surrounded by/with...被……环绕、包围；周围都是……
④The school was surrounded by /with a fence.学校四周围着篱笆。

surround... with... 用……把……包围/围住surround oneself with 与…为伍，和…在一起
同类辨析surroundings, condition和environment 区别
(1) surroundings作“环境”讲时，要用复数形式，主要指周围的物质环境。

e.g. Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings.动物园里的动物不是生活在自然环境中。

(2) condition的复数形式conditions可表示“环境，情况”等意思，但它主要指抽象意义上的。

e.g. The house was in terrible condition. 房子的情况非常糟糕。

(3) environment作“环境”讲时，是集合名词，既可表示抽象概念也可表不具体意义，包括周围
环境、外界环境、自然环境、社会环境等。

e.g. Children need a happy home environment.孩子需要一个幸福的家庭环境。

典例精析Their school is situated in very pleasant ___, with green trees and flowers in blossom all year round. A. environment B. condition C. surroundings D. state
1.________by a group of children，the old man was delighted.
A．Surrounded B．Surrounding C．To be surrounded D．To be surrounding
4. Its population is increasing very rapidly. （p34）这个城市的人口增长很快。

◆population / pɔpju'leiʃən/ n.居民；人口
e.g. The density of population in this city is very high. 这个城市的人口密度非常高。

思维拓展(1)表示某地拥有人口数量，一般用“地点名词+ has a population of +基数词或“the population of + 地点名词+ is + 基数词”结构。

e.g. The population of this village is 582．这个村子的人口总数是582。

(2) 询问或打听某地人口数要用what，而不能用how many或how much，有时可用how large。

e.g. What’s the population of Ireland? 爱尔兰有多少人口?
How large is the population of China? 中国有多少人口?
(3) 表示“人口多”常用a large ( great ) population；表示“人口少”常用small population.而不用a lot of, many. much, few, little等修饰。

e.g. This village has a small population．这个村子人口少。

(4) population做主语时，若表示某地的全体人口，谓语动词用单数；若表示部分人口，谓语动词用复数。

e.g. Two-thirds of the population here are peasants．这里三分之二的人是农民。

(5) 两地人口相比较，表示“多”用larger，而不用more；表示“少”用smaller而不用less或fewer。

e.g. The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国的人口比日本多得多。

典例精析______population is the population of this country?
A. What
B. How many
C. How much
D. How
5.some measuring over 90 metres
measure n. [U] 量度，测量，尺寸；[C]措施vt.&vi.测量，丈量，计量；衡量；判定
思维拓展make clothes to one‘s own measure 量体裁衣by measure 按尺寸
take measures (steps) to do sth.采取措施beyond measure 无法估量，极度，过分
be measured in 以……来计算measure sth. out取出（或量出）所需量
measure（sth. ) up测量；量度/达标、合格in full measure最大程度地；最大限度地
in some measure 在某种程度上take measures against sth. 采取措施防范某事
take one’s measure 给某人量尺寸measure by 用…衡量
典例精析1.If we don’t _____solve the problem, we well destroy our plan.
A. take measure to
B. take measures to do measure to do measures to
2.Do you think that bridge __________ 2,000 meters long? It doesn't appear ________ long. A．measures; that B．is measured; so C．is measured; such D．measures; much
3.All the measures we have ___ against the price rising have proved completely right.
A. put
B. make
C. taken
D. acted
6.they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats
Manage:成功做成（某事）、完成（困难的事）、应付（困难的局面）+with/without
与can/could/be able to连用：能对付
●用法拓展
manage about设法处理，解决manage with以……设法应付
manage without在没有……的情况下应付过去
manage on(靠少量的钱)勉强生活下去、支撑、凑合着活下去
●易混辨析
manage to do和try to do
两者都表示“努力做某事”，但是manage to do表示经过努力做成了这件事，强调结果，而try to do 只强调做出努力，并不强调结果。

如：
Although they were very poor，they managed to send their sons to school.
尽管他们很穷，但还是尽力将儿子们送去上学。

(儿子们都去上学了)
The man tried to escape but failed.那人努力逃跑，但没成功。

单项填空
①I don't see how I could possibly________ to do it A．try B．tried C．manage D．managed
②A small dog had somehow________ to survive the fire.
A．tried B．puzzled C．combined D．managed
3.Your house is always so neat---how do you___ it with three children?
A. manage
B. serve
C. adapt
D. construct
7. At school, they had learned that most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometers of the USA border, and Canada’s population is only slightly over thirty million, …在学校她们就了解，大多数加拿大人居住在靠近美国的几百公里内的边境地带，加拿大的人口也只有三千万多一点……
on the border of 将要，接近于，在…的边界上border on sth. 接近某物，毗邻某物；几乎相同；近似
同类辨析border, boundary与frontier的区别
(1)border意为“边境；边界”，常指沿两国边界的地区。

e.g. They were near the border between France and Germany. 他们在法德边界附近。

(2)boundary意为“边界线；分界线”，常指分隔两国人的天然的山脉、河流等界线。

e.g. The river is the boundary between the two countries. 这条河是两国的分界线。

(3)frontier意为“边疆；国境”，指一个国家的边界，还可指领域，指领域时要用复数形式。

e.g. Professor Field is devoted to the exploration of the frontiers of medicine.
菲尔德教授致力于探索医学研究的新领域。

◆slightly / 'slaitli/ adv.稍微；略微
e.g. My interest in music has languished slightly. 我对音乐的兴趣有点减退。

Her handkerchief has a blue , which makes it special in the room.
A. Border
B. line
C. map
D.sign
词汇派生slight adj. 轻微的；略微的；细小的；纤细的
e.g. He has got a slight headache.他有点儿头疼。

同类辨析slightly, narrowly与lightly的区别
(1)slightly用来表示在程度上很轻、很弱。

e.g. White wine should be slightly chilled. 白葡萄酒应稍微冰一下。

(2) narrowly指“勉强地”或“以毫厘之差”而失败等。

e.g. The child narrowly escaped drowning. 小孩险些被溺死。

(3) lightly指动作很轻或数量很小。

e.g. If you walk lightly, your footsteps will not be heard. 如果你轻轻地走,别人就听不见你的脚步声了。

典例精析The child had only a ______ temperature, but the doctor regarded the illness as serious enough for hospital treatment.
A. slightly
B. lightly
C. slight
D. light
8.mix v．混合；调配mixture 混合物mixed 混合的
mix up 搅和；混淆；弄乱mix... with 与……混合；交往；相处get mixed up 弄糊涂了
be mixed with... 与……混在一起be mixed up in... 参与某事；牵涉进去
We heard our steps ________ the rain.
A．mixed with B．lived with C．stayed with D．gone with
9. …there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada. （Para. 1, Line 2）地面覆盖上了一篇薄霜，表明加拿大的秋天已经到来了。

◆confirm （vt）.证实；证明；批准confirmation n．证实；确认书；证明书
confirmed adj．习惯的；根深蒂固的、已被证实的；确定的
e.g. He looked around to confirm that he was alone. 他四处张望, 要确定周围没人。

confirm one‘s belief 坚定信confirm a project 批准某个项目
It has been confirmed that... 已经确定……
同类辨析confirm与prove 的区别
(1) confirm“证实，肯定，进一步确定”，指证实已知的事实、原有的想法。

e.g. The written order confirmed his telephone message. 公文证实了他电话中的消息。

(2) prove“证明”，指通过经验或试验证明事务的确切性或原理的可靠性。

e.g. Can you show me any evidence to prove your innocence? 你能提供任何证据证明你无罪吗？
典例精析I called the airline to _______ my flight reservation a week before I left for Canada.
A. appoint
B. submit
C. confirm
D. promote (2009·泉州质检)He looked around nervously to _______ that there was nobody following him.
A．defend B．confirm C．doubt D．insist
10. In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.远处，她们可以看到湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升起的雾霭。

湖水流入尼亚加拉河，再经过大瀑布流向大海。

distance n.
①远处：We saw a light in the distance.我们看到远处有灯光。

②距离：What is the distance to London?到伦敦有多远？
③冷淡、疏远：There has been a great distance between us since our quarrel.我们争吵后便很疏远。

distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；久远的
【拓展】keep one’s distance 客客气气，不亲近keep a safe distance 保持适当距离
a distant look 茫然的表情at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远in the distance 在远方
out of distance from 离……太远，达不到keep sb. at a distance 对……冷淡，与……疏远
keep one‘s distance from 与……保持距离；避开，不接近
distance yourself from 不介入；与……疏远
at a distance of +数字。

在多远处。

be distant towards sb.对某人冷淡
I can see you at a distance of 10 metre.在10米远的地方，我能看到你
EG：1. —How much farther shall we have to go? —Another five miles until we reach the mountain .A. at a distance B. in a distance C. at distance D. in the distance
2.One can see the ancient ruins at a ________of 20 miles.
A. distance
B. space
C. length
D. stretch
11. Most of us speak both English and French, but the city has French culture and traditions.
我们大多数人既说英语也说法语，但是这座城市具有法国文化和传统。

◆tradition n.传统；风俗
e.g. The old tradition are dying out.旧传统正在消失.
traditional adj．传统的；习俗的；守旧的traditionalist n．传统主义者
keep up fine tradition 保持优良传统follow old traditions 沿袭旧习
by tradition 照传统；据口传true to tradition 名不虚传地
It's a/the tradition to do sth.做某事是传统
同类辨析tradition 与habit和custom的区别
(1) tradition则指一个民族所共同拥有的某种品质或做法，意为“传统”。

(2) habit指个人长期形成的“习惯”或动物的“习性”。

e.g. He has a bad habit of smoking.他有抽烟的坏习惯。

(3) custom指一个地区的人们共同遵循的“风俗；习俗”。

e.g. Social customs vary greatly from country to country.国与国之间的社会习俗有很大差异。

典例精析The little boy _____ of playing games on the Internet.
A. got into the tradition
B. got into the habit
C. got into the use
D. got into the custom (2009·天津卷)I'm trying to break the _______ of getting up too late.
A．tradition B．convenience C．habit D．leisure
The old man got into the ________ of storing money under the bed.
A．tradition B．habit C．use D．custom
12. The idea that there will be an earthquake terrifies many people.将有一次地震的想法使许多人害
怕。

◆terrify vt. 使惊恐，使害怕terrified adj. 感到恐怖的；害怕的terrifying adj. 吓人的，可怕的
e.g．The child was terrified at the noise.这个小孩听到噪声很害怕。

思维拓展be terrified of ...对……感到恐惧、害怕；恐惧……
be terrified at/by ... 被……下一跳terrify sb. into （doing）sth. 恐吓某人做某事同类辨析terrify与be afraid of, fear和frighten 的区别
(1)terrify常用作及物动词，意为“使害怕，使惊恐”，这种恐惧是由客观环境造成的。

e.g. The thunderstorm terrified the child. 雷雨把那个小孩吓坏了。

(2)be afraid of是最广泛的说法，表示害怕或担忧，程度也最轻。

e.g. Don't be afraid of snakes. 别怕蛇。

(3)fear最普通，它可以表示对某事感到不安，也可以表示“怕”受到某事物的侵扰，常用作及物
动词。

e.g. She feared that she might not find him in his room. 她担心可能在他的房间里找不到他。

(4)frighten常用做及物动词，意为“使害怕”，常指没有精神准备。

突然受到惊吓而害怕、恐惧，
常用于be frightened of the./to do sth.的结构中。

e.g. The ghost story frightened the child. 这个鬼怪故事使孩子十分惊恐。

典例精析1.Everybody was _________ by the earthquake which happened last week.
A. spotted
B. terrified
C. frightening
D. fleeing
2. The little girl was ______ out of her wits by the ______ snake.
A. terrifying; terrified
B. terrifying; terrifying
C. terrified; terrified
D. terrified; terrifying
13. impress vt. 使铭记；铭刻；给……留下极深的印象
①The teacher impressed the importance of English on/upon me.老师让我铭记（向我强调）英语的重要性。

②My father impressed me with the value of hard work.父亲让我牢记努力工作的重要性。

③The audience were deeply impressed by the actors’ wonderful performance.观众对演员们的精彩表演印象深刻。

④What impresses me most is the beauty of the West Lake.给我留下印象最深刻的是西湖的美impress vt. 使某人有印象，使铭记；使意识到
My father impressed me with the importance of hard work.我父亲使我明白了努力工作的重要性。

impression n. 印象，感觉impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的；感人的
impress sth. on / upon sb. 使某人铭记某事物
make / leave an impression upon / on sb. ＝impress sb. 给某人深刻印象
impress... on/upon 使铭记impress... with... 用……给人印象
be impressed with/by/at 对……有印象
have the impression that... 有……的印象；觉得……
(2012·太原五中月考)The___ the young man left on us is that he was from a respectable family. A．sight B．appearance C．impression D．expression
(山东实验中学)One story in his books that left the deepest__ on me was Peddle in the Sky.
A．expression B．appeal C．impression D．image
14. figure V.
①认为、以为：I figured that he was drunk and shouldn’t be allowed to drive.我认为他喝醉了，不应该让他开车。

②想（某事物），估计：I figured that you wouldn’t come.我料理你不会来。

③是重要部分，是…的部分
My feelings about the matter didn’t seem to figure at all.我对这个问题意见似乎根本无足轻重。

④数字、图形、图案、体型、身材、人影、画像、肖像
He has an income of six figures.他有六位数的收入。

2、figure out
①计算出，解决：He figured out the problem at last.他终于做出这道题了。

②领会，理解：I couldn’t figure out who he was.我想不出他是谁。

③合计为：the money figures out at 200 Yuan.这笔钱钱合计为200元。

【拓展】figure for企图获得figure on 指望figure up 计算
15.pleased adj. 欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的
We will be pleased to offer any assistance you need.我们将非常乐意提供你需要的任何帮助。

We have made pleasing progress in our talks.我们的会谈已经取得了令人满意的进展。

be pleased to do 高兴做be pleased with 对……满意be pleased at/about 因/对…高兴
be pleased that... 高兴……be pleasing 令人愉快的；令人高兴的
have a pleasant time 开心；玩得愉快find pleasure in 从……中找到乐趣
for pleasure 为了好玩；为了取乐with pleasure 很乐意(回答对方的请求)
It's a pleasure.＝My pleasure. 不用谢。

(回答感谢) It's a pleasure to do sth. 做某事很愉快
pleasant 表示“令人愉快的，使人高兴的”，指某物具有吸引力而使人产生一种愉快的心情，而pleasing 表示“令人满意的，使人高兴的”，强调取悦于人。

—Could you do me a favour and take these books to my office?—Yes, ________.
A．for pleasure B．I could C．my pleasure D．with pleasure
【重点短语】
1. That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats. （p34）
那天下午表姐妹才登上火车落了座。

settle
V. ①安居，使定居
After returning from abroad they settled in Chicago.从国外回来后他们就在芝加哥定居。

②结束（争论、争端），解决（纠纷、分歧等）
It’s time you settled your differences with your father.现在你该解决同你父亲之间的分歧了。

③使平静，使镇静，放松
When the children had settled, the teacher began the class. 孩子们静下来后，老师开始上课。

④（最终）决定，确定，安排好
It was settled that Jim would visit us on the weekend.已经确定下来了，吉姆周末来探访我们。

【拓展】settle down①使安坐，（使）停止讲话，（使）安静下来
She settled herself down in a chair with a book.她拿着一本书，舒适地坐在椅子上。

②安居，安顿下来
They’d like to see their daughter settle down, get married, and have kids.他们希望看到女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。

③安下心来，全神贯注于（工作等）
They settle down to a serious discussion over coffee.他们喝着咖啡，开始认真讨论问题。

思维拓展
settle for 接受、同意settle up/upon同意、决定settle into习惯于，适应（新工作等）settle up 结帐，付清settle one’s affairs安排好自己的事情settle on sth. 选定；决定
settle (down) to sth. 开始认真对待；定下心来做
settle in/ into sth. 安顿下来；习惯于（新居）；适应（新工作）
典例精析—What do you know about Darwin after he returned from the trip by sea?
—Well, he got married and ______ down to live in Kent.
A. got
B. worked
C. took
D. settled
2.they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats
catch sight of 看见；瞥见on/at sight 一见(就) at(the)sight of 一看见
at first sight 乍一见out of sight 看不见in/within sight 在看得见的地方
lose one's sight 失明come into sight 出现在眼前、进入视野
At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was ___.
A. out of sight
B. out of reach
C. out of order
D. out of place
3. have a gift for有做某事的天赋、对……有天赋
I have a gift for talking people into doing something.在说服别人上我有天赋
思维拓展have a gift for 有礼物给……make a gift of sth. to sb. 把……作为礼物送给某人
have a talent for sth. 在……方面有天赋gifted =talented with gift=with talent
He is a gifted boy.===He is a boy with gift.他是个有天赋的孩子
He is a ________person, so he will succeed.
A. talented
B. talent
C. gift
D. decided
4. a government member who is in charge of a government department
一个掌握政府部门的政府成员
◆in charge of负责；主管
e.g. You’re responsible to whoever is in charge of sales. 你要向主管销售的人负责.
思维拓展put sb. in charge of 让某人全权负责take charge of 控制（局面或人群）
be in sb’s charge 有某人照看free of charge 免费
get a charge out of sth. 从某物中获取乐趣
同类辨析in charge of 与in the charge of的区别
(1)in charge of的主语为sb.，of后面是被管理者；
(2)in the charge of的主语是sth.，of后面是管理者。

e.g. The organization is in the charge of David who is capable enough to be in charge of it.
这个组织是由戴维掌管的，他是一个能够负起责任的人。

典例精析1.The local people are now _____ Hong Kong, which was once _____ the British for one and half a century.
A. in charge of; in charge of
B. in the charge of; in the charge of
C. in the charge of; in charge of
D. in charge of; in the charge of
2. Mr Smith is ______ our department, while the other is ______ Mr White.
A in charge of; in charge of B. in charge of; in the charge of
C. in the charge of; in the charge of
D. in the charge of; in charge of
5、know about sb/sth.了解，知道…的情况
How much do you know about him?你对他了解多少？
I happened to know about him.我碰巧知道他的情况。

know of 听说过，知道
I don’t know him, but I know of him.我不认识他，但我听说过他。

【拓展】be known as 作为…而出名be known for 因…而出名
be known to sb.为…所熟知make oneself known to sb.对…自我介绍
【重点句型】
2. It is too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa. 你不能去渥太华真是太糟糕了。

as far as 有三层基本的意思：
a. 到某一指定的地点；远达。

:He walked as far as the park. 他步行到花园
b.同样的距离:We didn’t go as far as others. 我们不如别人走的远
c.程度、范围。

就----而言，至于。

也可以写做为so far as
As/ So far as I know, he isn’t coming to the party. 拒我所知，他不会出席这个晚会了
【相关短语】
As ______as I am concerned ,I agree with you..
A. far
B. long
C. much
D. many
2. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 meters. （Para. 2, Line 10）那儿湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，有一些高达90多米。

some measuring over 90 metres是独立主格结构用作结果状语。

独立主格结构是一种独特的结构。

从构成上看，它不仅有逻辑主语和逻辑谓语，而从意义上看，它又像一个句子，多在句中作状语。

e.g. Whether permitting, we’ll go outing tomorrow. 如果天气允许的话，我们明天将去郊游。

思维拓展常见的独立主格结构有以下几种：
(1) 名词/主格代词+现在分词。

名词/主格代词与现在分词之间主谓关系。

e.g. The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn't know what to say.
姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。

(2) 名词/主格代词+过去分词。

名词/主格代词与过去分词之间的动宾关系。

e.g. The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.
随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。

(3) 名词/主格代词+不定式。

名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系，且强调的是一次具体性的
动作。

e.g. He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help.
借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。

(4) 名词/主格代词+形容词。

e.g. An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。

(5) 名词/主格代词+副词：e.g. He put on his sweater wrong side out. 他把毛衣穿反了。

(6) 名词/主格代词+介词短语。

e.g. The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手里拿着书去教室。

(7) There being +名词（代词）
e.g. There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。

(8) It being +名词（代词）
e.g. It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。

语法-------名词性从句（III）同位语从句
一、定义：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。

它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。

可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。

e.g. I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。

I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里。

特别提示有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。

e.g. Several years later, word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.
几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。

二、同位语的连接词：
1. 由连接词that引导的同位语从句。

此时的引导词只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分。

e.g. There is no doubt that prices of cars will go down.毫无疑问轿车的价格会下降。

典例精析Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as
2. 由连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where ,when, why, how引导的同位语从句。

此时的引导词在从句中作相应的成分。

e.g. Nobody can explain the mystery why he suddenly disappeared.
没有人能解开他突然消失这个迷。

The question who should go abroad required consideration. (who作主语）谁该出国这个问题还需要考虑。

三、同位语从句应该注意的几个问题：
1. 表达“是否”的概念时，要用whether而不用if引导同位语从句。

e.g. I have no idea whether you are interested in working for her. 我不知道你是否愿意为她工作。

2. 分隔同位语从句：有时同位语从句与其先行词被其他成分隔开来，这种分隔主要出于修辞原因，即为了保持句子结构平衡。

e.g. His promise was along with the letter that he would visit me this coming Christmas.
信中他承诺在即将到来的圣诞节他会来拜访我。

3. 若被同位语从句说明的名词是下列词语时，同位语从句的谓语常“should + do”, should常常被省略。

这些词有：建议advice, suggestion, proposal；要求demand，request, requirement；决定decision；命令order；劝告recommendation等。

e.g. I made the suggestion that the meeting（should）be brought to an end.我提议闭会。

The decision that a new bridge（should）be built has spread. 修建一座新桥的决定已经传开了。

4. 名词doubt（怀疑）后的同位语从句用whether引导；no doubt（不怀疑）之后的同位语从句用that引导。

e.g. We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.
我们怀疑他们是否能按时完成任务了。

There is no doubt that he will keep his promise. 他将遵守他的诺言，这一点是毫无疑问的。

四、同位语从句与定语从句的区别。

1. 同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。

e.g. The news that l have passed the exam is true. 我通过了考试这个消息是真的。

The news that he told me just now is true. 他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。

2. 关系词在句中是否做成分。

e.g. The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。

（that在从句中不充当任何成份。

）
The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。

（that在从句中作gave的宾语。

）
3. 从句是否有疑问的意义。

e.g. Do you remember the day when i told you that I loved you?(when引导的从句不表示疑问，所以
这是一个定语从句。

）
I have asked the question why it was true just now.(why引导的从句表示疑问，所以这是一个同
位语从句。

）
【语法专练】
1. Mr. Frank asked me a question__ I could go with him to __ he called the Treasure House the next week.
A. that; which
B. whether; that
C. whether; what
D. that; where
2. The idea has widely been accepted ____ man should live in harmony with nature.
A. that
B. how
C. if
D. when
3. What do you think of his proposal _______ we ________ a play at the English party?
A. what; put up
B. that; put on
C. which; put up
D. that; put off
4. An amazing discovery was made ____ the worn Chinese painting was actually a treasure map.
A. about
B. that
C. from
D. what
5. ---What made her so upset?---______she failed in her examination
A. Because of
B. That
C. Because
D. Whether
6. can be judged form his facial expression that he is terribly sorry for what he .
A．That; had done B．It; has done C．As; has done D．As; did
7. Once you enter the university, you will be free to study _______you.
A. whatever that interests
B. whatever which interests
C. what ever interesting
D. whatever interests
8. surprises us most is that she doesn’t even know the difference between the two lies.
A. What; where
B. All; which
C. What; that
D. That; where
答案：1~5 CABBB 6~8 BDA
【高考零距离】
1、（2012·重庆卷）. Evdence has been found through years of study______ children’s early sleeping problem likely to continue when they grow up.
A. why
B. how
C. whether
D. that
2、（浙江卷）I made a promise to myself this year ,my first year in high school ,would be different. A whether B what C that D how
3、（江苏The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postphoned. A when B that C whether D how
4.（辽宁卷）When the news came the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.
A. since
B. which
C. that
D. because
5.（天津卷）Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
6.（上海卷）There is clear evidence ___ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.
A. what
B. if
C. how
D. that
7.（2010·上海卷·T30）In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only
travelled the local market.
A. longer than
B. more than
C. as much as
D. as far as
8.（2009·安徽卷·T31）China has got a good for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.
A. reputation
B. influence
C. impression
D. knowledge
9. （2009·湖北卷·T28）The questionnaire takes ______ ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview.
A. mainly
B. punctually
C. approximately
D. precisely
10. （江The fact has worried many scientists __ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. though
11.（2009·天津卷·T10）The art show was _______ being a failure; it was a great success.
A. far from
B. along with
C. next to
D. regardless of
知识要点考查
1. He stood by the window looking __ and found that the ___ view toward the mountains was spectacular.
A. westward; eastwards
B. eastwards; eastward
C. westwards; eastwards
D. westward; eastward
2. When the wounded soldier woke up in the hospital，he found ______ by doctors and nurses.
A. it to surround
B. himself surrounded
C. to be surrounded
D. himself surrounding
3. That river _______ 250 kilometres long and 60 metres wide.
A. measures
B. is measured
C. calculates
D. is calculated
4. The hostess said with a smile to the passengers in the cabin, “Welcome __ flight BA345 to Tokyo.”
A. aboard
B. on board
C. transport
D. attend
5. Tommy might have cut himself. You shouldn’t have left the knife _______ his reach.
A. out
B. within
C. at
D. on
6. The Ohio River forms the ______ between Kentucky and Indiana.
A. border
B. boundary
C. frontier
D. borders
7. The boss decided to pass over his ______ mistakes.
A. slightly
B. lightly
C. slight
D. light
8. Most people would agree that nuclear science should be developed to benefit the human beings__ harm them.
A. more than
B. rather than
C. other than
D. better than
9. Sheila seems to have _______ more since school started.
A. settled down
B. settled for
C. settled for
D. settled up
10. They were poor, but they ______ a computer for their son.
A. managed buying
B. tried buying
C. managed to buy
D. tried to buy
高考真题对接
1. (12重庆
A. comparing
B. compares
C. to compare
D. compared
2. (12山东)It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _______ easy reach.
A. near
B. upon
C. within
D. around
3. （11四川）News came from the school office ______Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
4. 江西）The fact has worried many scientists ____ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. though
5. (09重庆)We should consider the students’ request ___the school library provide more books on
popular science. A. that B. when C. which D. where
6. （08天津）At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was
_______. A. out of sight B. out of reach C. out of order D. out of place
7. （09湖北）In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a_______
for everyone to stand up.
A. signal
B. chance
C. mark
D. measure
8. (07湖北)She devoted herself __ to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.
A. strongly
B. extremely
C. entirely
D. freely
9. . （07天津）The final score of the basketball match was 93-94.We were only ________ beaten.
A. nearly
B. slightly
C. narrowly
D. lightly
10. （07湖北）The _______ on his face told me that he was angry.
A. impression
B. sight
C. appearance
D. expression
达标训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The house was ________ (围绕) by high walls.答案：surrounded
2．Our boat stayed in the ________ (海港) during the typhoon.答案：harbour
3．Our monitor helps our teacher ________ (管理) the class.答案：manage
4．What he observed ________ (证实) his judgement.答案：confirmed
5．Air is a ________ (混合物)，not a compound of gases.答案：mixture
6．When you go on a trip，you'd better not carry too much ________ (行李)．答案：luggage
7．At ________ (黎明)，a scream for help woke up the people living next door.答案：dawn
8．This city has a small population，only __ (稍稍) over four hundred thousand.答案：slightly
9．I'm ________ (惊恐的) of losing you.答案：terrified
10．There has been a great ________ (距离) between us since our quarrel.答案：distance
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．She ______ _____ ____ ____ music.她在音乐方面有天赋。

答案：has a gift for
2．I'll go with you ________ ____ ____ the seaside.我要一直陪你到海边。

答案：as far as
3．A small boat can be seen ______ ____ ___.远处有一艘小船。

答案：in the distance
4．Six years later，the Black family ________ ________ in Australia.
六年后，布莱克一家在澳大利亚定居下来。

答案：settled down
5．He ________ ________ avoid an accident.他设法避免了一场事故。

答案：managed to
Ⅲ.单项选择
1．______ you keep on working hard，I don't mind whether you get good marks in your class.
A．As long as B．As soon as C．As well as D．As far as
2．(2012·太原模拟)—Would you like to have a drink?—No，thanks.I ________.
A．would rather not B．wouldn't like C．would like to D．prefer to have one
3．_ I know，the place where we used to___ our flag has become a modern teaching building.
A．So far as；rise B．As far as；raise C．As long as；rise D．So long as；raise
4．(2012·郑州模拟)—Sorry to keep you waiting for long.I'll make short work of this.
—________.I'm not in a hurry.。