新概念英语第二册笔记-第84课

Lesson 84 On strike停工
【Text 】
Busmen have decided to go on strike next week. The strike is due to begin on Tuesday. No one knows
how long it will last. The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is
reached about pay and working conditions. Most people believe that the strike will last for at least a
week. Many owners of private cars are going to offer 'free rides' to people on their way to work. This
will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent. Meanwhile, a number of university students have
volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts.All the students are expert drivers, but before they
drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test. The students are going to take the test
in two days' time. Even so, people are going to find it difficult to get to work. But so far , the public has expressed its gratitude to the students in letters to the Press. Only one or two people have objected that the students will drive too fast!
【课文翻译】
公共汽车司机决定下礼拜停工。

停工定于礼拜二开始，谁也不知道会连续多久。

司机们宣称此次停工将向来持
续到就薪资和工作条件问题完成全面协议的时候为止。

多半人以为此次停工起码会连续一个礼拜。

好多个人汽车的车主正准备为搭车上班的人们提供“免费搭车”的服务，这将在某种程度上减少对火车的压力。

与此同时，有一部分大学生自发在停工时期驾驶公共汽车。

全部的学生都是开车的好手，但在驾驶公共汽车以前，他们一定经过一项特意测试。

学生们准备在两天后就接受测试。

即便这样，人们仍会感觉上班有困难。

但到当前为止，民众已经向新闻界写信表达他们对学生们的感谢之情了。

只有一两个人提出反对建议，说学生们会把车开得太快！
New words and expressions生词和短语
strike n.停工busman n.公共汽车司机
state v. 正式提出，宣告agreement n.协议
relieve v. 减少pressure n.压力，麻烦
extent n.程度volunteer v. 自动提出，自发
gratitude n.感谢Press n.新闻界
object v. 不同意，反对
【生词解说】
1. strike
1 ） n.停工
a general strike大停工；be on strike在停工
be out on strike举行停工；go on strike举行停工
go out on strike推行停工
eg: It is not clear yet when the teachers on strike will return to their classrooms.
当前还不清楚停课的教师何时会回到教室去。

2 ） n. 攻击、侵袭
eg ： They made a strike on the enemy.
3 ） v. 殴打、打击、攻击
strike the keys敲击琴键；strike the keyboard敲击键盘
eg ： The clock will strike 12 in 5 minutes.
五分钟以后这个钟会敲响12 点。

eg ： I've struck my foot on a stone.
我把脚踢在石头上了。

eg ： He struck the table angrily.
他气得拍（或锤）桌子。

4)vt. （钟）敲响报时
eg ： The clock has just struck three.
钟刚敲过三点
5)vt. 划（火柴等）；打（火）
eg ： These matches are too wet to strike.
火柴太湿，划不着。

6)vt. 使感觉；使忽然想；给以印象
eg ： An idea suddenly struck me.
我忽然想到一个想法。

eg ： I was struck by her beauty.
她的美貌给我留下了深刻的印象。

be struck on sb/sth特别喜爱某人/ 某事物
eg: He is struck on his new girlfriend.
他特别喜爱他新交的女朋友。

7)vi. 停工；闹停工
strike for/against（工人）停工
eg: The workers at the factory are striking for more pay.
工厂工人为提升薪资正在停工。

strike a chord with sb与某人惹起共识，感动某人
eg: The speaker obviously struck a chord with his audience.
那位演讲者明显感动了听众。

2. busman n.公共汽车司机
bus stop公共汽车站；
miss the bus错过公共汽车、失去时机
a school bus校车；
a double-decker bus双层公共汽车
3. state v.正式提出，宣告
eg ： She stated her opinion.
她正式提出她的建议。

eg ： She stated the date of her departure.
她宣告她走开的日期。

state + that..以/wh开头的特别疑问句
eg ： The Prime Minister stated that he would visit Canada the next year .
总理说，他将在明年接见加拿大。

eg ： He didn’t state whether the article was true .
他没有说明，这篇文章是不是真切的
statement
1 ） n.陈说、申明、言明
make a false statement作出虚假陈说
make a correct statement作出正确的陈说
eg ： I couldn’ t believe his statement.
我几乎不敢相信他的讲话
2 ）（政府等的正式）申明
issue an official statement官方申明
3）陈说句
a simple statement简单的陈说句
a compound statement并列句
a complex statement复合句
state n.州、状态
the United States of America美利坚合众国
eg ： How many states are there in the universe？
宇宙中有多少物种存在的状态？
4. agreement
1 ）（建议等）一致、同意、赞同←→disagreement
eg ： We’ re all in agreement on that point .
我们都赞同这一点
nod to show one’ s agreement点头表示赞同
by mutual agreement经相互赞同
2 ） n.协议
eg ： The meeting ended when we reached an agreement.
会议结束时我们完成了协议。

＝The meeting ended when we came to an agreement .
＝The meeting ended when we arrived at an agreement .
a trade agreement between China and the U.S.
中国和美之间的贸易协议
break an agreement违约＝violate an agreement违反协议
5. relieve
1 ） v. 减少
eg ： The drug relieved my toothache.
2 ）使（人）放心、放心、松一口气
eg ： The news relieved me.＝ I was relieved at the news .听到这个信息,我感觉放心了。

3 ）排除（负担、重担）；使快乐
relieve sb of使某人挣脱某事
eg ： My assistant relieved me of all the chores.
我的助理分担了我我全部的杂事。

eg ： Let me relieve you of your suitcase.
我来帮你拿手提包吧。

relieve one s’feelings（以哭等）宣泄感情
relieve oneself去洗手间、去方便一下、（本意）放松一下
relief
1 ）宽慰、放心
give a sigh of relief大舒一口气＝have a sigh of relief松了一口气eg ： It is a great relief to find they are safe .
得悉他们平安无事, 我感觉极大的宽慰。

eg ： Will this medicine give immediate relief from pain？
吃了这药能立刻止痛吗?
to one’ s relief令感觉放心的是；relief works失业救援工程
6. pressure
1 ） n.压力（精神上的）、深重压力
eg ： Is he suffering from pressure of work？
他患了工作的压力？
2 ）（社会的）压力
the pressure of a politician政治的压力
3 ）压力、压迫
eg ： I felt the pressure of his hand on my shoulder.
我感觉他的手压在我肩上
a pressure of 60kg to the square foot
每平方英里60 公斤的压力
blood pressure血压
有关短语：
at high pressure用力干(处于高压)；at low pressure紧张
put pressure on（upon）sb
＝ bring pressure on（upon）sb对某人施加压力
eg ： They put pressure on me to sell my precious land.
他们施加压力要我卖掉我的可贵的土地。

＝They brought pressure on me to sell my precious land .
under the pressure of在...的压力下；pressure cooker压力锅
press v.
1）压、按
press the button按按钮
eg ： The bag pressed hard against my back.
袋子重重压在我的后背。

2 ）敦促（某人）、逼迫（某人）
eg ：Please don’t press me.不要逼我。

eg ：He pressed his father to buy him a car.
他要求他父亲为他买一辆新汽车
press for higher wages要求提升薪资
press for reforms逼迫改革
7. extent
1 ）n.程度、限度
to some extent＝to a certain extent在某种程度上
to a great extent＝ to a large extent大多半
eg ： I was amazed at the extent of his knowledge.
我对他知识的渊博感觉诧异.
to the extent that＝to such an extent that达到这样的程度致使..., 2 ）宽度、大小 a vast extent of land广大的土地
eg ： The road is about 20 miles in extent.
障条路约20 英里长。

eg ： From the hill we can see the full extent of the town.
从山上我们能够看到城市全景。

8. volunteer
1)v. 自动提出，自发
volunteer help主动辅助；volunteer to do志愿做某事
eg ： The man volunteered to stop/prevent/keep the drunken men from fighting.
该名男子自发去劝止醉汉从战斗。

volunteer for自发做..；
volunteer for the army志愿军
eg ： I volunteer for his election campaign.我自发为他的竞选活动。

2) n.志愿者
eg ： Are there any volunteer for the event？这件事情有志愿者吗？
9. gratitude n.感谢←→ingratitude背恩忘义
eg ： I’ d like to express my gratitude to you for your advice.
对您的建议我想表达我对您的感谢。

out of gratitude出于感谢；with gratitude感谢地
10. Press
1 ） n.新闻界
freedom of the press第一版自由；the daily press日报
2 ）记者群、报道者的声势
eg ： The president will meet the press this evening.
今日夜晚布什总统将会见记者。

eg ： The press was / were shut out from the summit meeting.
在高级会议上记者被拒于门外。

3 ）第一版社oxford University press牛津第一版社
press conference记者款待会；press release新闻稿
press agency通信社；press agent新闻广告员
11.object[? b ?d ?ekt]
1)v. 不同意，反对
eg ： The boss doesn’t object if you smoke in his office.
object to反对、厌烦（to是介词）+doing sth
eg ： Some members of the committee.
委员会的一些成员
eg ： He objects to being treated like a child.
他厌烦对像对孩子似地对待他。

object that提出异议
eg ： They objected that the schedule was too tight.
他提出异议，说时间也太紧了。

2) n.object
1 ）东西、物体
eg ： I could see a shining object in the sky.我能够看到一个物体在天空中闪烁。

eg ： What ’ s that strange object in th e box ？
在箱子里有什么奇异的东西吗？
2 ）对象、目标
an object of interest风趣得东西＝an object of pity怜悯的对象
3 ）目的、目标＝aim / propose
eg ： His object in life is to become rich.
他的生活目标是致富。

eg ： What ’ s object of your visit？
你来访的目的是什吗？
objection[ ?b ?d ?ek ?? n] n.反对，异议；反对的原因
eg ： Do you have any objections？
你有任何异议？
eg ： He raised an objection to what I proposed.
他提出了一个反对我的建议。

eg ： I ’ ve got no objection to his going there.
我没有反对他去那边。

【课文解说】
1. Busmen have decided to go on strike next week.
※ go on strike举行停工；be on strike在停工
2. The strike is due to begin on Tuesday.
due adj.
1 ）定于（某时做某事）
be due to do将要做
eg ： He is due to start this evening.
他将于今日夜晚开始
eg ： His new novel is due next month.
他的新作小说将于下月第一版刊行。

2 ）到期的、满期的
eg ： He didn’ t pay the rent when it was due.
到期的时候，他没有支付租金。

due to因为.. 归因于、归罪于
eg ： The game was postponed due to rain.
竞赛因下雨缓期.
eg ： Her word-wide fame is due to his support .
她的举世有名归因于他的支持。

eg ： The accident is due to your careless driving.
此次事故归罪于没有当心开车。

3.No one knows how long it will last.
Last 连续
eg: The lecture will lasted for 2 hours.
这个讲座连续了 2 个小时
4. The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is
reached about pay and working conditions.
general agreement全面协议
reach/arrive at an agreement完成协议
5. Most people believe that the strike will last for at least a week. Many owners of
private cars are going to offer 'free rides' to people on their way to work.
※At least起码
eg ： I have not seen him for at least a week.
我起码有一周没看见他了
※offer
1 ）供给、提出议案、推选
offer a bribe to向贿赂；offer to do建议将做
eg ： He offered to help us.
他提出要帮助我们。

offer+ sb + sth＝offer + sth + to sb向某人供给
eg ： She offered him a cup of tea .
＝She offered a cup of tea to him .
她给他端上一杯茶。

2）（卖方对买方）开价（销售物件）
eg ： She offered＄800 for the antique print .
这幅古画她开800 美金。

eg ： He offered an old camera at a reasonable price.
他以合理的价钱销售了一台的旧相机。

※free adj.免费的、不要钱的、无税的（非常较级变化）
duty free免税的；
a free ticket to the concert一张免费的音乐会入场券
ride n.
eg ： Could you give me a ride？
我能搭个满废的车吗？、能载我一程？
eg ： An hour’ s ride in the bus wi ll take you to your destination.
一个小时的车程后您将到目的地。

rider n. 骑马的人；搭车的人
6.This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent.
※ to some extent＝to a certain extent在某种程度上
7. Meanwhile, a number of university students have volunteered to drive buses while
the strike lasts.
※ volunteer to do sth自发做..
※last
1) adj.最后的
eg ： You are the last one I want to see.你是我最不想见的人。

2) v.连续
eg ： The war lasted（for）8 years .战争连续了8 年。

8. All the students are expert drivers, but before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test. The students are going to take the test in two days' time.
take the test接受测试。

pass the test经过测试、考试及格
make a test＝carry out a test进行实验
※ in two day’s time＝in two days两天后
9. Even so, people are going to find it difficult to get to work.
Find it difficult/easy to do sth以为做某事困难/简单eg ： He thought it easy to pass the examination.
他以为经过考试是很简单
eg ： He considered it wrong that she should have to wait.
他以为她不得不等候是不对。

eg ： I feel it right that he should be punished .
我以为他应当遇到处罚。

eg ： I think it wrong for people to behave like that .
我以为人们那样做是不对。

10.But so far, the public has expressed its gratitude to the students in letters to
the Press.
publicadj. 公然的
the public民众、大众；in public公然地
11. Only one or two people have objected that the students will drive too fast!
※ only只是
only修饰主语，放在句首，句子的为语其实不倒装语序。

eg ： Only you can do it .你是独一能够做这事的人
eg ： Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation here .
只有这样，才能你有希望改良这里处境。

only +状语放句首、句子的为语采纳倒装语序。

【重点词组摘录】
1.decide to do sth 6.at least
2.go on strike7.relieve pressure on
3.be due to8.to some extent
4.general agreement9.volunteer to do sth
5.pay and working conditions10. pass a special test
【Key structures：时态的系统梳理-一般未来时】
一般未来时（拜见12, 36, 60课）
will（ shall）do；be going to
be + to do；.be about to
【 Special Difficulties】
it作先行宾语
在主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语的句型中，常用it作先行宾语，真切的宾语为后边的动词不定式或从句：eg: People are going to find it difficult to get to work.
常用这类构造的动词有：find，think，consider， feel，make， keep等：
eg: She felt it right for them to arrest the thief.
eg: They consider it impossible to finish the work in three days.
【Exercise 】
1.The strike is due to begin on Tuesday. That’ s when it a .
a. is going to begin
b. began
c. has begun
d. will have begun
2.The strike will last for a week. That’ s what d people believe .
a. most of
b. the most of
c. the more
d. most
3.It will last for at least a week. So it might be a than a week .
a. more
b. less
c. much less
d. a good deal less
4.We were struck by the extent a which teachers’ decisions served the interests of the
school rather than those of the students.
＊ extent[ik ?stent] n.程度，范围，限度；广度，宽度，大小
a. to
b. for
c. in
d. with
谚语：
1.Tomorrow is another day.明日是新的一天、明日总有希望
2.Too many cooks spoil the broth.( 谚 ) 厨子多了做坏了汤 ( 人多反倒耽误事情 )。