常见银行英语词汇汇总

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常见银行英语词汇
account number 帐目编号
depositor 存户 pay-in slip 存款单 a deposit form 存款单 a banding machine 自动存取
机
deposit receipt 存款收据 certificate of deposit 存单
cheque book 支票本
order cheque 记名支票bearer cheque 不记名支票crossed cheque 横线支票blank cheque 空白支票rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根outstanding cheque 未付支票canceled cheque 已付支票forged cheque 伪支票Bandar's note 庄票，银票president 行长
Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行
Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行
Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行
discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 委托开证银行
issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行
advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行
negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行
consigned banker of collection 委托银行
clearing bank 清算银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行
trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行
trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司
trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部
commercial credit
company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行
credit bureau 商业兴信所land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行
bank of communications 交通银行
mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行
post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行
mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行
industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行
reserve bank 准备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行
merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行
investment bank 投资银行import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄
credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所
depreciation accounting 折旧会计
computerized accounting 电脑化会计
general ledger 总帐subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐
cash account 现金帐journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐
bad debts 坏帐
surplus 结余
idle capital 游资
economic boom 经济繁荣economic recession 经济衰退
economic depression 经济萧条
economic recovery 经济复苏devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 货币增值international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差adverse balance 逆差
hard currency 硬通货
soft currency 软通货international monetary system 国际货币制度
the purchasing power of money 货币购买力
money in circulation 货币流
通量
note issue 纸币发行量national gross product 国民
生产总值
public bond 公债
stock, share 股票
debenture 债券
treasury bill 国库券
debt chain 债务链
direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇
indirect exchange 间接（三
角）套汇
cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率
foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备
foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动
foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机
discount rate, bank rate 贴现率
gold reserve 黄金储备money (financial) market 金融市场
stock exchange 股票交易所broker 经纪人
commission 佣金bookkeeping 簿记bookkeeper 簿记员
an application form 申请单bank statement 对帐单letter of credit 信用证strong room, vault 保险库equitable tax system 等价税则
specimen signature 签字式样banking hours, business hours 营业时间
常见职位、职务英文译名
Accounting Stall会计部职员
Accounting Supervisor会计主管
Administrative Clerk行政办事员
Advertising Staff广告工作人员
Airlines Sales Representative航空公司定座员
Assistant Manager副经理Bond Analyst证券分析员
Bond Trader证券交易员Business Controller业务主任
Business Manager业务经理
Cashier出纳员
Civil Engineer土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist职员／接待员
Copywriter广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理
Economic Research Assistant经济研究助理Electrical Engineer电气工程师
Engineering Technician
工程技术员
English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师
Export Sales Manager
外销部经理Financial Controller财务主任
F.X.(Foreign Exchange) Clerk外汇部职员
F.X.Settlement Clerk外汇部核算员
Fund Manager财务经理General Auditor审计长General Manager/President 总经理
Hardware Engineer（计算机）硬件工程师
Import Liaison Staff进口联络员
Insurance Actuary保险公司理赔员
International Sales Staff 国际销售员
Legal Adviser法律顾问Line Supervisor生产线主管
Maintenance Engineer维
修工程师
Management Consultant
管理顾问
Manufacturing Engineer
制造工程师
Market Analyst市场分析员
Market Development Manager市场开发部经理Marketing Executive销售主管
Marketing Representative 销售代表
Marketing Representative Manager市场调研部经理Mechanical Engineer机械工程师
Mining Engineer采矿工程师
Naval Architect造船工程师Office Clerk职员Operational Manager业务经理
Package Designer包装设计师
Passenger Reservation Staff乘客票位预订员
Plant/Factory Manager厂长
Promotional Manager推销部经理
Proof-reader校对员Purchasing Agent采购（进货）员
Real Estate Staff房地产职员
Recruitment Coordinator
招聘协调人
Regional Manger地区经理
Sales Coordinator销售协调人
School Registrar学校注册主任
Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员
Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问
Simultaneous Interpreter
同声传译员
Trade Finance Executive 贸易财务主管
Trainee Manager培训部经理
Trust Banking Executive
银行高级职员
常用金融英语词汇的翻译
acquiring company 收购公司bad loan 呆帐
chart of cash flow 现金流量表clearly-established ownership 产权清晰
debt to equity 债转股diversity of equities 股权多元化
economy of scale 规模经济emerging economies 新兴经济
exchange-rate regime 汇率机制
fund and financing 筹资融资global financial architecture 全球金融体系global integration, globality 全球一体化，全球化
go public 上市
growth spurt （经济的）急剧增长
have one's "two commas" 百万富翁
hedge against 套期保值housing mortgage 住房按揭holdings 控股，所持股份holding company 控股公司initial offerings 原始股
initial public offerings 首次公募
innovative business 创新企业intellectual capital 智力资本inter-bank lending 拆借internet customer 网上客户investment payoff period 投资回收期
joint-stock 参股
mall rat 爱逛商店的年轻人means of production 生产要素
(the)medical cost social pool for major diseases 大病医疗费用社会统筹
mergers and acquisitions 并购
mobile-phone banking 移动电话银行业
moods 人气
net potato 网虫
non-store seling 直销offering 新股
online-banking 网上银行业online-finance 在线金融online client （银行的）网上客户
paper profit 帐面收益physical assets 有形资产project fund system 项目资本金制度
pyramid sale 传销recapitalize 资产重组regional corrency blocks 地区货币集团
regulate 调控
sell off 变现
share(stock) option 期权，股票认购权
smart card 智能卡
slash prices 杀价
spare capacity 闲置的生产能力
strong growth 强劲的增长势
头
switch trade 转手贸易take…public上市
tap the idle assets 盘活存量资产
transaction （银行的）交易transfer payment from the exchequer 财政转移支付venture-capital 风险资本virtual bank 虚拟银行
wire transfer 电子转帐
国际会计术语英汉对照
Account 帐户American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会Audit 审计Balance sheet 资产负债表Bookkeepking 簿记Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测Certificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师External users 外部使用者Financial accounting 财务会计Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会Financial forecast 财务预测Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则General-purpose information 通用目的信息Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室Income statement 损益表Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会Integrity 整合性Internal auditing 内部审计Internal control structure 内部控制结构Internal Revenue
Service 国内收入署Return of investment 投资回报Return on investment 投资报酬Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会Statement of cash flow 现金流量表Statement of financial position 财务状况表Tax accounting 税务会计Accounting equation 会计等式Articulation 勾稽关系Business entity 企业个体Capital stock 股本Cost principle 成本原则Creditor 债权人Deflation 通货紧缩Disclosure 批露Financial statement 财务报表Financial activities 筹资活动Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设Liabilities 负债Negative cash flow 负现金流量Operating activities 经营活动Owner's equity 所有者权益Partnership 合伙企业Positive cash flow 正现金流量Retained earning 留存利润Revenue 收入Sole proprietorship 独资企业Solvency 清偿能力
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设Stockholders 股东Stockholders' equity 股东权益Window dressing 门面粉饰
经济金融术语汉英对照表
按可比口径on comparable basis
按轻重缓急to prioritize
暗补implicit subsidy
暗亏hidden loss
颁发营业执照to license;to grant a licence to
办理存款业务to take deposits
保护农民的生产积极性to protect farmers'incentive to produce
备付金（超额准备金）excess reserves
本外币并账consolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccounts
本外币对冲操作sterilization operation
本位利益localized interest;departmentalism
奔小康to strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-do
避税（请见“逃税”）tax avoidance
币种搭配不当currency mismatch 币种构成currency composition
变相社会集资disguised irregular（or illegal）fund raising
表外科目（业务）
off-balance-sheet items （operation）
薄弱环节
weaknesses;loopholes
不变成本fixed cost
不变价at constant price;in real terms
不动产real estate
不良贷款problem loans；non-performing loans
财务公司finance companies 财政赤字fiscal deficit 财政挤银行fiscal pressure on the central bank（over monetary policy）财政政策与货币政策的配合coordination of fiscal
and monetary policies 采取循序渐进的方法in a phased and sequenced manner 操作弹性operational flexibility 操纵汇率to manipulate exchange rate 产品构成product composition;product mix 产品积压stock
pile;excessive inventory 产销率current period inventory;（即期库存，不含前期库存）sales/output ratio 产销衔接marketability 产业政策industrial policy 长期国债treasury bonds 敞口头寸open position 炒股to speculate in the stock market 承购包销underwrite （securities）成套机电产品complete sets of equipment;complete plant（s）城市信用社urban credit cooperatives（UCCs）城市合作银行urban cooperative banks;municipal united banks 城市商业银行municipal commercial banks 城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅real growth in household income 持续升温persistent overheating 重复布点duplicate projects 重置成本replacement cost 重组计划restructuring plan 筹资渠道funding sources;financing channels 初见成效initial success 出口统一管理、归口经营canalization of exports 出口退税export tax rebate
储蓄存款household deposits （不完全等同于西方的savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。

）储蓄分流diversion of household
deposits 储源萎缩decline in the availability of household savings 传导机制transmission mechanism 从
价税ad valorem tax 从紧控
制tight control 存贷款比例loan/deposit ratio 存款保险体系deposit insurance system 存款货币银行deposit money banks 存款准备金required reserves
打白条issue IOU
大额存单certificate of deposit (CD)
大额提现withdraw deposits
in large amounts
大面积滑坡wide-spread decline
大一统的银行体制(all-in-one) mono-bank system
呆账（请见“坏账”）bad loans 呆账准备金loan loss reserves (provisions)
呆滞贷款idle loans
贷款沉淀non-performing loans
贷款分类loan classification 贷款限额管理credit control;to impose credit ceiling
贷款约束机制credit disciplinary (constraint) mechanism
代理国库to act as fiscal agent
代理金融机构贷款make loans on behalf of other institutions
戴帽贷款ear-marked loans 倒逼机制reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition 道德风险moral hazard
地区差别regional disparity
第一产业the primary industry 第二产业the secondary industry
第三产业the service industry;the tertiary industry 递延资产deferrable assets 订货不足insufficient orders 定期存款time deposits
定向募集raising funds from targeted sources
东道国（请见“母国”）host country
独立核算independent accounting
短期国债treasury bills
对冲操作sterilization operation;hedging
对非金融部门债权claims on non-financial sector
多种所有制形式diversified ownership 恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation 二级市场secondary market 发行货币to issue currency 发行总股本total stock issue 法定准备金required reserves;reserve requirement 法人股institutional shares
法人股东institutional shareholders
法治rule of law
房地产投资real estate investment
放松银根to ease monetary policy
非现场稽核off-site surveillance (or monitoring) 非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions
非赢利性机构non-profit organizations
分税制assignment of central and local taxes;tax
assignment system
分业经营segregation of financial business (services); division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions
风险暴露（风险敞口）risk exposure
风险管理risk management 风险意识risk awareness
风险资本比例risk-weighted capital ratios
风险资本标准risk-based capital standard
服务事业收入public service charges;user's charges
扶贫poverty alleviation
负增长negative growth
复式预算制double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary account 改革试点reform experimentation
杠杆率leverage ratio
杠杆收购leveraged buyout 高息集资to raise funds by offering high interest
个人股non-institutional shares
根本扭转fundamental turnaround (or reversal)
公开市场操作open market operations
公款私存deposit public funds in personal accounts 公用事业public utilities
公有经济the state-owned sector;the public sector
公有制public ownership
工业成本利润率profit-to-cost ratio
工业增加值industrial value added
供大于求supply exceeding demand;excessive supply
鼓励措施incentives
股份合作企业joint-equity cooperative enterprises
股份制企业joint-equity enterprises
股份制银行joint-equity banks
固定资产贷款fixed asset loans
关税减免tariff reduction and exemption
关税减让tariff concessions 关税优惠tariff
incentives;preferential tariff treatment
规范行为to regularize (or standardize) …behavior
规模效益economies of scale 国计民生national interest and people's livelihood 国家对个人其他支出other government outlays to individuals
国家风险country risk
国际分工international division of labor
国际收支balance of payments
国有独资商业银行wholly state-owned commercial banks
国有经济（部门）the
state-owned (or public) sector 国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOEs)
国有制state-ownership
国有资产流失erosion of state assets
国债回购government securities repurchase
国债一级自营商primary underwriters of government
securities
过度竞争excessive competition
过度膨胀excessive expansion
过热迹象signs of overheating
合理预期rational expectation 核心资本core capital
合资企业joint-venture enterprises
红利dividend
宏观经济运营良好sound macroeconomic performance 宏观经济基本状况macroeconomic fundamentals
宏观调控macroeconomic management (or adjustment) 宏观调控目标macroeconomic objectives (or targets) 坏账bad debt
还本付息debt service
换汇成本unit export
cost;local currency cost of export earnings
汇兑在途funds in float
汇兑支出advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank
汇率并轨unification of exchange rates
活期存款demand deposits 汇率失调exchange rate misalignment
混合所有制diversified (mixed) ownership
货币政策态势monetary policy stance
货款拖欠overdue obligations to suppliers
基本建设投资investment in infrastructure
基本经济要素economic fundamentals
基本适度broadly appropriate 基准利率benchmark interest rate
机关团体存款deposits of non-profit institutions
机会成本opportunity cost
激励机制incentive mechanism
积压严重heavy
stockpile;excessive inventory 挤提存款run on banks
挤占挪用unwarranted diversion of (financial) resources (from designated uses)
技改投资investment in technological upgrading
技术密集型产品
technology-intensive product 计划单列市municipalities with independent planning status
计划经济planned economy 集体经济the collective sector 加大结构调整力度to intensify structural adjustment 加工贸易processing trade
加快态势accelerating trend 加强税收征管稽查to enhance tax administration
加权价weighted average price
价格放开price liberalization 价格形成机制pricing mechanism
减亏to reduce losses
简化手续to cut red tape;to simplify (streamline) procedures
交投活跃brisk trading
缴存准备金to deposit required reserves
结构扭曲structural distortion 结构失调structural imbalance
结构性矛盾突出acute structural imbalance
结构优化structural improvement (optimization) 结汇、售汇sale and purchase of foreign exchange
金融脆弱financial fragility
金融动荡financial turbulence 金融风波financial disturbance
金融恐慌financial panic
金融危机financial crisis
金融压抑financial repression 金融衍生物financial derivatives
金融诈骗financial fraud
紧缩银根to tighten monetary policy
紧缩政策austerity policies;tight financial policies 经常账户可兑换current account convertibility
经济特区special economic zones (SEZs)
经济体制改革economic reform
经济增长方式的转变change in the main source of economic growth (from investment expansion to efficiency gains)
经济增长减速economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth
经济制裁economic sanction 经营自主权autonomy in management
景气回升recovery in business activity
境外投资overseas investment
竞争加剧intensifying competition
局部性金融风波localized (isolated) financial disturbance
开办人民币业务to engage in RMB business
可维持（可持续）经济增长sustainable economic growth 可变成本variable cost
可自由兑换货币freely convertible currency
控制现金投放control currency issuance
扣除物价因素in real terms;on inflation-adjusted basis
库存产品inventory
跨国银行业务cross-border banking
跨年度采购cross-year procurement 会计准则accounting standard
来料加工processing of imported materials for export 离岸银行业务off-shore banking (business)
理顺外贸体制to rationalize foreign trade regime
利率杠杆的调节作用the role of interest rates in resource allocation
利润驱动profit-driven
利息回收率interest collection ratio
联行清算inter-bank settlement
连锁企业franchise (businesses); chain businesses
良性循环virtuous cycle
两极分化growing income disparity;polarization in
income distribution
零售物价指数retail price index (RPI)
流动性比例liquidity ratio
流动资产周转率/流通速度velocity of liquid assets
流动资金贷款working capital loans
流通体制distribution system 流通网络distribution network 留购（租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物）hire purchase
垄断行业monopolized industry (sector)
乱集资irregular (illegal) fund raising
乱收费irregular (illegal) charges
乱摊派unjustified (arbitrary) levies
买方市场buyer's market
卖方市场seller's market 卖出回购证券matched sale of repo
贸易差额trade balance
民间信用
non-institutionalized credit
免二减三exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax reduction for thefollowing three years
明补explicit subsidy
明亏explicit loss
名牌产品brand products
母国（请见“东道国”）home country
内部控制internal control
内部审计internal audit
内地与香港the mainland and Hong Kong
内债domestic debt
扭亏为盈to turn a
loss-making enterprise into a
profitable one
扭曲金融分配distorted allocation of financial resources
农副产品采购支出outlays for agricultural procurement
农村信用社rural credit cooperatives (RCCs)
泡沫效应bubble effect
泡沫经济bubble economy
培育新的经济增长点to tap new sources of economic growth
片面追求发展速度excessive pursuit of growth
平衡发展balanced development
瓶颈制约bottleneck (constraints)
平稳回升steady recovery
铺底流动资金initial (start-up) working capital 普遍回升broad-based recovery
配套改革concomitant (supporting) reforms
配套人民币资金local currency funding of…
企业办社会enterprises burdened with social responsibilities
企业集团战略corporate group strategy
企业兼并重组company merger and restructuring 企业领导班子enterprise management
企业所得税enterprise (corporate) income tax
企业效益corporate profitability
企业资金违规流入股市irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market
欠税tax arrears
欠息overdue interest
强化税收征管to strengthen tax administration
强制措施enforcement action 翘尾因素carryover effect
切一刀partial application
清理收回贷款clean up and recover loans
（破产）清算liquidation
倾斜政策preferential policy 区别对待differential treatment
趋势加强intensifying trend 权益回报率returns on equity (ROE)
缺乏后劲unsustainable momentum
绕规模贷款to circumvent credit ceiling
人均国内生产总值per capita GDP 人均收入per capita income 人民币升值压力upward pressure on the Renminbi (exchange rate)
认缴资本subscribed capital 软贷款soft loans
软预算约束soft budget constraint
软着陆soft landing
三角债chain
debts;inter-enterprise arrears 善政廉政good governance 商业贷款commercial loans 上市公司(publicly) listed corporations
设备利用capacity utilization 社会保障social safety
net;social security (insurance) 深层次矛盾deep-rooted structural imbalance
审批金融机构to license financial institutions
审慎监管prudential supervision
生产能力闲置unutilized capacity
生息资产interest-bearing assets
实际利用外资disbursement of foreign capital;actual inflow of foreign investment
实际有效汇率real effective exchange rate
实时real time
实收资本paid-in capital
实现利润realized profit
市场分割market segmentation
市场经济market economy
市场占有率（市场份额）market share
市场准入market access（指商品和劳务的进入）；market entry（指机构的审批）市价总值market capitalization
适度从紧appropriately tight 适时调节timely adjustment 收回对金融机构贷款to recall central bank loans (to financial institutions)
税后还贷amortization (repayment of loans) after tax 税收流失tax erosion
税源不足weak tax base
私营经济（私人经济）the private sector
私有制private ownership
所有者权益owner's equity
逃税（请见“避税”）tax evasion 套汇（1）指合法：currency swap;arbitrage（2）指非法：illegal purchase of foreign exchange
剔除季节性因素seasonally adjusted
调节流动性to influence liquidity level
贴现窗口discount window
同比on year-on-year basis;over the same period of the previous year
同业拆借（放）inter-bank borrowing (lending)
同业拆借市场利率（中国）CHIBOR (China inter-bank offered rate)
同业融通票据inter-bank financing bills
同业往来inter-bank transactions
透支overdraft
退税tax refund (rebata)
头寸position
吞吐基础货币adjustment of monetary base
脱媒现象disintermediation 外部审计external audit
外国直接投资foreign direct investment (FDI)
外汇储备foreign exchange reserves
外汇调剂foreign exchange swap
外汇占款the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings
外向型经济export-oriented economy
外债external debt
外资企业foreign-funded enterprises
完善现代企业制度to improve the modern enterprise system 完税凭证tax payment documentation
违法经营illegal business
委托存款entrusted deposits 稳步增长steady growth
稳健的银行系统a sound banking system
稳中求进to make progress while ensuring stability
无纸交易book-entry (or paperless/scriptless) transaction
物价监测price monitoring
吸纳流动性to absorb liquidity 稀缺经济scarcity economy 洗钱money laundering
系统内调度fund allocation within a bank
系统性金融危机systemic financial crisis
下岗工人laid-off employees 下游企业down-stream enterprises
现场稽核on-site examination 现金滞留（居民手中）cash held outside the banking system
乡镇企业township and village enterprises (TVEs)
消费物价指数consumer price index (CPI)
消费税excise (consumption) tax
消灭财政赤字to balance the budget;to eliminate fiscal deficit
销货款回笼reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system
销售平淡lackluster sales
协议外资金额committed amount of foreign investment 新经济增长点new sources of economic growth
新开工项目new
projects;newly started projects
新增贷款incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion
新增就业位置new jobs;new job opportunities
信贷规模考核review the compliance with credit ceilings
信号失真distorted signals
信托投资公司trust and investment companies
信息不对称information asymmetry
信息反馈feedback (information)
信息共享系统information sharing system
信息披露information disclosure
信用扩张credir expansion
信用评级credit rating
姓“资”还是姓“社” pertaining to socialism or
capitalism;socialist orcaptialist
行政措施administrative measures
需求膨胀demand expansion; excessive demand
虚伪存款window-dressing deposits
削减冗员to shed excess labor force
寻租rent seeking
迅速反弹quick rebound
养老基金pension fund
一刀切universal application;non-discretionary implementation
一级市场primary market
应收未收利息overdue interest
银行网点banking outlets
赢利能力profitability
营业税business tax
硬贷款（商业贷款）commercial loans
用地审批to grant land use right
有管理的浮动汇率managed floating exchange rate
证券投资portfolio investment 游资（热钱）hot money
有市场的产品marketable products
有效供给effective supply
诱发新一轮经济扩张trigger a new round of economic expansion
逾期贷款overdue
loans;past-due loans
与国际惯例接轨to become compatible with internationally accepted
与国际市场接轨to integrate with the world market 预算外支出（收入）off-budget (extra-budgetary) expenditure (revenue)
预调pre-emptive adjustment 月环比on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
再贷款central bank lending 在国际金融机构储备头寸reserve position in international financial institutions
在人行存款deposits at (with) the central bank
在途资金fund in float
增加农业投入to increase investment in agriculture
增势减缓deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
增收节支措施
revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
增长平稳steady growth
增值税value-added tax (VAT) 涨幅偏高
higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
账外账concealed accounts
折旧depreciation
整顿
retrenchment;consolidation
政策工具policy instrument
政策性业务policy-related operations
政策性银行policy banks
政策组合policy mix
政府干预government intervention
证券交易清算settlement of securities transactions
证券业务占款funding of securities purchase
支付困难payment difficulty
支付能力payment capacity 直接调控方式向to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
间接调控方式转变职能转换transformation of functions 职业道德professional ethics 指令性措施mandatory measures
指令性计划mandatory plan;administered plan
制定和实施货币政策to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
滞后影响lagged effect
中介机构intermediaries
中央与地方财政delineation of fiscal responsibilities
分灶吃饭重点建设key construction projects;key investment project
周期谷底bottom (trough) of
business cycle
周转速度velocity
主办银行main bank
主权风险sovereign risk
注册资本registered capital 逐步到位to phase in;phased implementation
逐步取消to phase out
抓大放小to seize the big and free the small (to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition)
专款专用use of funds as
ear-marked
转贷on-lending
转轨经济transition economy 转机turnaround
转折关头turning point
准财政赤字quasi-fiscal deficit 准货币quasi-money
资本不足under-capitalized 资本充足率capital adequacy ratio
资本利润率return on capital 资本账户可兑换capital account convertibility
资不抵债
insolvent;insolvency
资产负债表balance sheet
资产负债率liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
资产集中asset concentration 资产贡献率asset contribution factor
资产利润率return on assets (ROA)
资产质量asset quality
资产组合asset portfolio
资金成本cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
资金到位fully funded (project) 资金宽裕to have sufficient funds
资金利用率fund utilization rate
资金缺口financing gap
资金体外循环financial disintermediation
资金占压funds tied up
自筹投资项目self-financed projects
自有资金equity fund
综合国力overall national strength (often measured by GDP)
综合效益指标overall efficiency indicator
综合治理comprehensive adjustment (retrenchment); over-haul
总成交额total contract value 总交易量total amount of transactions
总成本total cost
最后贷款人lender of last resort
企业和经济管理专业英语名词
Activity-Based Costing 业务量成本法/作业成本法 ACRS (Accelerated cost recovery system) 快速成本回收制度 Action Message 行为/措施信息 AIS (Accounting information system) 会计信息低?nbsp; Allocation 已分配量 Anticipated Delay Report 拖期预报 A/P (Accounts Payable) 应付帐款 APICS (American Production & Inventory Control Society) 美国生产及库存控制协会 AQL
(Acceptable quality Level) 可接受质量水平 A/R (Accounts Receivable) 应收帐款 Automatic Rescheduling 自动重排产 Available T o Promise (APT) 可签约量 Backflush 倒冲法 Backlog 未完成订单/未结订单 Back Scheduling 倒序排产 BE analysis (Break-even analysis) 盈亏临界点分析，保本分析 Bill of Material (BOM) 物料清单 Business Plan 经营规划 B/V (Book value) 帐面价值 Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP) 能力需求计划 CBA (Cost-benefit analysis) 成本效益分析 CEO 首席执行官 CFO (Chief Financial Officer) 财务总裁 Closed Loop MRP 闭环物料需求计划 CPM (Critical path method) 关键路线法 CPP accounting (Constant purchasing power accounting) 不变购买力会计 Cumulative Lead Time 累计提前期 Cycle Counting 周期盘点 Demand 需求 Demand Management 需求管理 Demonstrated Capacity 实际能力 Dependent Demand 非独立需求 DFL (Degree of financial leverage) 财务杠杆系数 Direct-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing 直接增减库存法 Dispatch List 派工单 DOL (Degree of operating leverage) 经营杠杆系数 ELS (Economic lot size) 经济批量 EOQ (Economic
order quantity) 经济订货批量 FIFO (Fist-in,Fist-out) 先进先出法 Firm Planned Order 确认计划订单 FISH/LIFO (Fist-in,Still-here) 后进先出法 Fixed Order Quantity 固定订货批量法 Flow Shop 流水车间 Focus Forecasting 集中预测 Full Pegging 完全跟踪 Generally Accepted Manufacturing Practices 公认生产管理原则 Independent Demand 独立需求 Inpu/Output Control 投入/产出控制 Interplant Demand 厂际需求 Inventory Turnover 库存周转次数 Item 物料项目 Item Record 项目记录 Job Shop 加工车间 Just-in-time (JIT) 准时制生产 Lead Time 提前期前置期，指订单从收到具体明细到货到货仓收到落货纸这一段时间，可以用评估工厂的综合实力。

Level 层 Load 负荷 Lot for Lot 按需订货法 LP (Linear programming) 线性规划 Machine Loading 机器加载 Make-to-order Product (MTO) 面向订单生产的产品 Make-to-stock Product (MTS) 面向库存生产产品 Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II) 制造资源计划 Master Production Schedule (MPS) 主生产计划 Material Requirements Planning (MRP) 物料需求计划 MBO (Management by objective) 目标管理 Net Change MRP 净改变式物料需求计划 Net
Requirements 净需求 Oliver Wight MRP-II理论的创始人 On-hand Balance 现在库存量 Open Order 未结订单/开放订单 Order Entry 订单输入 Order Promising 订货承诺 Pegging 反查 Picking 领料/提货 Picking List 领料单 Planned Order 计划订单 Post-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing (Backflush) 后减库存处理法/倒冲法 Pre-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing 前减库存处理法 Production Planning 生产规划编制 Projected Available Balance 预计可用库存 Gueue 队列 Gueue Time 排队时间 Regeneration MRP 重生成式物料需求计划 Rescheduling Assumption 重排假设 Resource Requirement Planning 资源需求计划 Rough-cut Capacity Planning 粗能力计划 Routing 工艺路线 Safety Stock 安全库存 Safety Time 保险期 Scheduled Receipt 预计入库量 Scrap Factor 残料率/废品系数 Service Parts 维修件 Shop Floor Control 车间作业管理 Shrinkage Factor 损耗系数 Time Bucket 时间段 Time Fence 时界 VE (value engineering) 价值工程 Vendor Scheduling 采购计划法 Work Center 工作中心 Work in Process (WIP)。