新标准大学英语3(第二版)(综合教程)参考答案

Unit 1
Active reading 1
First reading Task 1
C
First reading Task 2
BCCDCA
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1
1.attendance
2.ambitious
3.productive
4.resistance
5.script
6.acceptance
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2
1.mortgage
2.deck
3.surf
4.(1)coastal (2) defy
5.clamped
6.criticized
7.hauled
8.preceding
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3 BABBB BABB
Active reading 2
First reading Task
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1 1. (1)elapsed (2) cemetery
2. (1)rear (2) crammed
3triple
4. (1)budding (2) biography
5.finite
6.dwellers
7.invest
8.skip
9.inevitable
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2 ABAAA BAAAB BAABB BA
Guided writing
Writing Task 1
1-b,2-c,3-a
Writing Task 2
1-c,2-a,3-b
Unit test
Part I: Vocabulary and Structure
Section A
1.ingenious
2.promotion
3.surf
4.provisiona
5.Chronologically
6.ambitious
7.Inevitably
8.skip
9.impromptu
10.resistance
11.untimely
12.defy
13.permanently
14.attendance
15.prologue
16.allot
17.acceptance
18.uncertainty
19.productive
20.humiliation
Section B
21.on
22.out
23.for
24.to
25.about
26.in
27.of
28.at
29.out
30.under
Part II: Banked Cloze
31.promotion
32.transition
33.sidelines
34.lengthy
35.rear
36.dwellers
37.mortgage
38.finite
39.budding
40.coastal
Part III: Reading Comprehension
CBDDA
Unit 2
Active reading 1
First reading Task 1
1.The parents couldn't afford to give the children expensive
presents,so they would buy presents after Christmas at a reduced price.
2. Other children's parents told them that their presents were left by Santa Claus and made in the North Pole.In fact,the presents
were made in Japan and left by the parents.
3.They celebrated Christmas about a week later,because at that time they could get Christmas trees,wrapping paper,decorations,and
presents more cheaply,or even for free.
4.One child went into the desert with the father each time.
5.They went to see the stars because the father wanted to"give" each
child a star or planet.He said that these were their Christmas presens.
6.According to the father,the stars didn't belong to anyone,so
they could be claimed by the children.
7.Betelgeuse and Rigel are stars,while Venus is a planet,not a star.
Venus is smaller than a star and doesn't make its own light.
8.The stars last much longer than toys.The father says that when
the toys are all broken and forgotten,the stars will still exist.
First reading Task 2
C
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1
1.twinkle
2.horizon
3.deceive
yer
5.descendants
6.magnetic
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2
1.marbles
2.junk
bel
4.mythical
5.logical
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3
B A B B A A A
Active reading 2
First reading Task 1
1.expected to be good and industrious
2.developing a process of acquiring thought,reason and understanding
3.regularly beaten and told off by parents and older siblings until they develop social competence,seen as being very naughty.
4.trcated with great care and reverence,believed that they are
in contact with the spirit world.
5.seen as incompetent and irresponsible; playing not working,going to school not labouring,consumption instead of production
petent and responsible; expected to work
petent and responsible; girls expected to work from a young age,
be married and have children at 12 or 13; boys have fewer
responsibilities and get married later
First reading Task 2
DABDCC
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1
1.contact
2.harsh
3.consumers
4.knitting
5.colonies
6.take exception to
7.impose
8.perspect ive
9.intervene
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2
1.continual
2.dependent on
3.ethnic
5.outsiders
6.reluctance
7.external
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3
A A A
B A B B A
Language in use
Task 1
1.The star ofthe play is a Hollywood actor.
2.I couldn't refuse his offer.
3.Columbus claimed America in the name of Queen Isabella.
4.He touched the hot dish and burmed his fingers.
5.We laughed about all the kids who believed in Santa.
6.Our ideas about childhood have undergone changes over the years.
7.Our view about children is that they are incompetent and dependent.
8.Social anthropologists have questions about the role of childhood in the community.
1.irreplaceable
2.irrational
3.unacceptable
4.ineffcient
5.inaccurate
6.unlikely
Task 3
The clauses that usually follow rather than are main clauses,
subordinate clauses and-ing form clauses.
Note: Nouns can also come after rather than.
Task 4
1.Rather than celebrating Christmas on December 25,they waited
a week.
2.Her father offered her the planet Venus,rather than traditional Christmas present.
3.Venus is a planet,rather than a star.
4.Rather than broken junk,they would always have their stars.
5.Rather than work,a child's li fe today is characterized by play.
6.Parents treat their children with leniency, rather than reasoning with them.
1.core competence
2.(1)imposes (2)ban
3.tight-knit
4.(1)knit (2 )brows
5.(1)knit (2) jumper /hat
6.energy consumption
Task 6
在西方，做父母的非常了解受父母过度保护的孩子的弱点:这些孩子害怕冒险，缺乏决断力，缺少在现实生活中获得成功的手段; 上大学时，许多人无法较好地适应大学生活的严苛，退学是常有的事。

因此，父母非常注重培养孩子独立自主的能力。

他们给孩予提供大量的学习独立思考技能的机会，让孩子认识到独立自主的能力可以提升他们在课堂内外的学习效率及表现。

此外，他们还给孩子有限的选择，尊重孩子的偏好，帮助孩子出色地完成各项任务，以这种方式鼓励他们独立自主。

他们还让孩子参与筹划和决策的过程，让他们提出自己的看法。

尤其重要的是，他们鼓励孩子独立完成各项任务一一包括日常家务活，并经
常给予正面的鼓励，避免对他们的行为吹毛求疵。

Task 7
Compared with the childhood of their parents,children now do enjoy a far better material life,but their emotional life scems less satisfying.They are less lik ely to play with their peers,for toys have replaced their
playmates as their most loyal friends.Their parents can always afford to buy them al l kinds of expensive toys.The good thing about this is that
they no longer pester their parents to play with them all day long,
because toys and video games have lessened their feelings of
loneliness.But there are also negative effects; The child's addiction to
toys and video games may cause a eyesight to deteriorate or result in
reluctance to communicate with others.These phenomena should
demand the attention ofboth parents and schools.
Guided writing
Writing Task 1
B A
C A C
Writing Task 2
A A A A
B B
Writing Task 3
Mr and Mrs Wang are a couple and both were my teachers when Iwas in secondary s chool.Mrs Wang taught me English and Mr Wang used to
teach me maths.Because our school was an all-age school,both of
them taught me for about seven years.When I heard about Mr Wang's
deathI was so sorry,I could only guess what that must mean to Mrs
Wang.Iremember the stories Mr Wang would tell in the maths classes,
not always about maths,actually,but about life,and these are the
kinds of things all of us remember now.WhenI was struggling for
one of the exams,Mr Wang took me for a walk round the playing fields.He told meI was good at maths.Me?I couldn't believe he was saying that.In those daysI was getti ng such low marks and felt1was a certain failure."Look," he said,"you've got ability but you don't really believe it.I'm telling you,not only can you pass maths,you can d o very well." Well,I did do well.That comment really helped me to turn the corner an d there was no problem after that.Sometimes apparently small comments are like g old,and Mr Wang had the art of making those ments.I alsoremember on e year Mrs Wang
told me that one of my pictures
from the art class had been sent to the city museum for an
exhibition.She was not the art teacher,but her way of telling me
the news was like Mr Wang's
comment,a complete turning point.in the A picture from our small
school ... pained by me ... in the museum ... how could that be?
They two made me believe in museum myselfand gave me a picture
of the wholeness of life and of how to be a better person,not just
suceed at school subjccts.
So I am really grateful to them.I am working hard here and seem to be getting on quite well at university.I thinkI will be a teacher or maybe a writer.
Part I: Vocabulary and Structure Section A
1.B
2.D
3.A
4.B
5.C
6.A
7.A
8.D
9.B
10.A
11.C
12.B
13.C
14.D
15.C
16.C
17.D
18.D
19.A
20.A
Section B
Part II: Banked Cloze
21.over
22.to
23.with
24.with
25.on
26.off
27.with
28.of
30.on
Part III: Reading Comprehension
31.villain
rgely
arre
34.resemblance
35.barren
36.giggled
37.helpless
38.whirled
39.blaze
40.twilight
41.C
42.D
43.A
44.C
45.B
Unit 3 Active reading 1
First reading Task 1
BCBBBA
First reading Task 2
CACABB
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1
poser
2.constitutes
3.capacity
4.qualified
5.sufficiently
6.rhythm
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2
1.proclaim
2.analogy
3.clarity
4.for the sake of
5.potent
6.costumes
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercisesTask 3
ABAABAAA
Aetive reading 2
First reading Task 1
1.August 1945 was special for the Americans because it marked the end of the war against Japan and the end of the Second World War.
2.They were looking for an exceptional photo that would capfure the experience of the end of the war for the American public and for future gencrations.
3.He searched the streets ofTimes Square.
4.The square was filled with people celebrating.They were laughing and moving around.
5.The photo came to represent victory at the end of the Second
World War.
6.It is so evocative because the photographer took the shot at the most moving mo
ment.Also,it is a romantic image and it appeals to the senses.
7.No,we don't know what happened to them,though viewers made up
many theories.
8.It was important because it was published at an optimistic time,with
the war ending and the promise of a better life ahead.
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1
1.scenario
2.pose
3.collapse
4.surrenders
5.marvels
6.prosperous
7.await
8.exceeds
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2
1.prominent
2.obliging
3.perception
4.swayi ng
5.distracts
6.multiple
7.suspending
8.devises
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3
BABAAABA
Language in use
Task 1
1.songwriter
2.film director
3.headscarf
4.backpack
5.lipstick
6.shoela cc
7nail polish
Task 2
1.Swooping in on a shorter woman,the sailor kissed her.
2.Acting impulsively and aiming accurately,he commanded that the camera's shutter close at the most poignant moment.
3.Grabbing the viewer's attention,the photo never seems to let go.
4.Closing her eyes,she was content to remain unaware of her
pursuer's id entity.
5.Never know ing the truth,they glossed over the war's miseries and
romanticized life.
6.One assumes that the couple will live in a split-level home, driving big
cars and producing lots ofchildren.
Task 3
1.Regardless of the task set by the magazine which employed him,the
photographer always managed to get the best picture.
2.He kept looking for the photo,regardless of the crowds.
3.Rcgardless of how perfectly the pose of the sailor and the woman
was arranged,he didn't have to set up this shot.
4.Regardless of the facts,people know that life will be good from now on.
5.Regardless of what people still remember of photos in the past,this one reminds us that we felt better as a nation and as individuals.
Task 4
1.
(a)It needs to attract more listeners by having more popular programmes.
(b)They are liked by many pcople.
(c) It asks people to give money,probably for a charity.
(d)They would have a special event like a TV broadcast in which they
ask the public to come forward with any relevant information
2.
(a)I have lots of medical qualifications.
(b)It expects people with degrees in engineering and relevant work experience to a pply.
(c)They are experts on the topic for which they are asked to give an
opinion.
3.
(a) l could get a fine and penalty points if I were caught speeding.(b)The owner would try to cut spending.
(c)They have performed better than expected.
4.
(a)I find it extraordinary.
(b)They are good.
(c)He is a good father.
5.
(a)I fecl threatened.
(b)It is only thought to be an advantage.
(c)No,it is not something I've told him.
Task 5
1.marvel at
2.popular appeal
3.fully-qualified
4.(1)pereived (2)as
5.(1)exceeded (2)expectations
Task 6
《格尔尼卡》是西班牙艺术家巴勃罗。

毕加索1937 年为抗议轰炸西班牙北部一个小村庄而作的一幅巨型壁画。

这幅大型壁面高3.49 米，宽7.76 米，展示了暴力和混乱给人和动物带来的苦难以及对建筑物的破坏。

令人吃惊的是，整个壁画的色调由灰、黑、白组成，没有用鲜艳的红色来表现血腥的场面，但恐怖的景象却历历在目。

画面上的人物并非用写实主义的画法来表现，而是采用立体派和抽象派的画法，但无辜平民惨遭屠杀的惨象却一目了然:一位母亲怀抱死婴，张嘴尖叫，她仰面朝天，伤心欲绝;一位士兵横尺地上，手里还紧握着一把断剑;
另外三个人也都处于震惊和痛苦之中。

画面中的动物一一包括匹受伤的马和一只哭泣的鸟一一也都被描绘成这次屠杀的无率受害者。

毫无疑问，描绘这些扭曲变形的骇人惨象的目的就是让观众感到震惊。

这种对人类悲苦惨状的描绘是对战争的残酷和荒谬的深刻控诉。

Task 7
In the Mogao caves in Dunhuang,the murals with "flying apsaras"are
one ofthe most well-known artefacts.The flying apsaras in the
Dunhuang Grotto Murals are a product of the intermixing of Indian and
Chinese culture.In India,flying cclestial beings called "flying apsaras"
appear mostly in murals in Buddhist caves,while in the Chinese
Daoist tradition,flying cclestial beings are known "flying immortals".
During the Wei,Jin,and Northerm and as Southern dynasties,
when the introduction of Buddhism in China was at an carly stage,
people began to use the term "flying apsaras" to refer to the
flying immortals in the ter,with the development of Buddhism
in China,the artstic images of Buddhist flying apsaras and Daoist
flying immortals merged with each other.The flying apsaras in theDunhuang Grotto Murals are a most ingenious creation of ancient Chinese
artists,and a marvel in the history of world art.
Guided writing
Writing Task 1
l-c,2-a,3-b
Writing Task 2
Beethoven completely changed the course of Western music,in a
number of ways.First,he introduced a new expressive style which
became known as"romantic".Second,he changed the form of orchestral
music,especially the symphony.Third,he pushed the possibilities of
solo instruments,such as the piano and the violin, to new limits.
He wrote most of his greatest works when he was deaf.
Writing Task 3
1.Among the most renowned painters in contemporary Chinese
art are Xu Beihong,Qi Baishi,Zhang Daqian etc.
2.Traditional Chinese painting can be divided into severalcategories:
landscape painting,flower and bird painting,and so on.
Writing Task 4
Ifyou are visiting the Chinese Painting Gallery in the Shanghai Museum,
you may find that the sheer number of paintings on view is
overwhelming.Perhaps you havejust a limited amount of time and are
wondering what to try to take in on a brieftour.One solution is to take a
quick look round to get a general impression and then spend more time
withjust a few of the great works on display.In that case,here are my recommendations for three works.
3.
First,from the Tang and Song dynastics,look carefully at he Eight
Noble Monks( 《八高僧故事图》)by Liang Kai to notice the detailed
portrayal ofthe monks in their tasks of sweeping and getting Water from the river,a nd so on,in the landscape.Then,moving on to the Yuan
dynasty,look at another detai led painting Retreat in the Qingbian
Mountain( 《青卞隐居图》)by Wang Meng,where you can trace the
running streams,find the houses far on the left and admire how the
hills make cloud-forms at the top.Now,third, move to the Ming
dynasty for another vertical landscape,Dense Green Cvering
the Spring Mountains( 《春山积翠图》) by Dai Jin (1388-1462);
this is a much simpler landscape with a different feeling for space,
and at the bottom the two small figures walking uphill and the line ofthe trees take our gaze upwards to the misty clouds.
4.
In these three paintings you will noticc changes from one period to another,but perhaps more surprisingly,you will get the feeling that
a strong tradition continues in a similar spirit and feeling for nature.
Unit test
Part I; Vocabulary and Structure
Section A
1.feature
2.distract
3.sake
4.analogy
5.escalate
6.theatrical
7.procl ai m
8.multiple
9.rhythm
10.exceed
Section B
11.A
12.B
13.D
15.A
16.B
17.C
18.C
19.A
20.D
Section C
21.on
22.to
23.up
24.from
25.down
26.with
27.off
28.of
29.from
30.so
Part II: Banked Cloze
31.hypothetical
mission
33.mythologi cal
34.expressive
35.precisely
36.qualified
37.meantime
38.instinctively
39.sufficient
40.consolation
Part III: Reading Comprehension 41.C
43.B
44.B
45.D
Unit 4
Active reading 1
First reading Task 1
B
First reading Task 2
CADCCC
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 10
1.recall
2.lodge
3.installing
4.assembling
5.appliances
6.coarse
7.device
8.furnished
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2
1.identical
2.blossom
3.fainted
4.crossroads
5.vanish
6.resent
7.decay
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3
BABAA BABB
Active reading 2
First reading Task 1
1.Summer camp was the first time that the children were away from
home for a significant period oftime.
2.They cried themselves to sleep because they missed their mothers
and homes.
3.Because it is usually during childhood that homesickness is first experienced.
4.It was believed that homesickness was a dangerous disease, and that singing Swiss songs would make it worse.The songs would make them lose their skills and courage.
5.People were encouraged to move westwards because there was no place for them in their homeland.
6.Favourite pieces of music and food can prompt homesickness among adults.
7.Nostalgia makes people think about their childhoods back
home,which causes homesickness.
8.She phoned her mother and flew back to the US as often as possible.
9.She moved back to Rhode Island,where she had grown up,and
lived in an apartment similar to her parents' barn.She also married
the man she loved at school and had children.
10.The writer suggests that you can accept that homesickness is nothing to be ashamed of when you make your own home and have
your own family.
First reading Task 2
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1
1.immature
bat
3.diagnosed
4.exiled /exiles
5.manifest
6.provoked
7.coping
8.indulgence
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2
1.restlessness
2.prompted
3.cautioned
4.adventure
5.occurrences
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3
1.prone
2.ideal ized/ idealised
3.virtuous
4.suppress
5.nostalgic
6.cynical
7.immigrated
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 4
ABAAA
Language in use
Task 1
1.From around the house came the sound ofchildren playing.
2.On top of the hill stood more houses.
3.In front of the house passed horseless carriages.
4. Here lived two middle-aged women.
5.At the front of the house stops a lorry.
6.Round the bend comes a large crane.
Task 2
1.Contact your parents too often when you go to university and you're more likely to miss home.
2.Say you're homesick and people might think you're immature.
3.Travel a great deal and you're likely to become homesick.
4.Offer them the choice between a comfortable hotel room and a walk in
the park with their children and they'll choose the walk in the park.
5.Acknowledge you're homesick and it's possible to avoid anxiety and depression.
Task 3
1.pick and choose
2.prim and proper
3.back to front
4.peace and quiet
5.sooner or later
6.Take it or leave it
Task 4
1.(1)abandon (2)belief
2.newly built
3.financial crisis
4.(1)provoke (2 )outcry
5.look into
6.take in
Task 5
在欧洲，家庭是近几十年来发生变化最大的领域之一。

传统的欧洲核心家庭由一对已婚父母和几个孩子构成，但现在这种家庭只是诸多选择中的一个。

日益下降的结婚率、离婚人数的增加、人们对同居的普遍接受、同性婚姻的合法化、日渐下降的生育率让欧盟家庭的平均人口数下降到了2.4 人。

家庭对人们来说依然是至关重要的。

84%的欧洲人认为家庭非常重要，这个数字是那些认为朋友很重要的人数的两倍。

也许影响最为重大的一些变化和生育有关，因为随着时间的推移这些变化会引发人口结构上的重要改变。

在整个欧洲，人们不再把生育子女看作是对社会的责任，而是把它视为诸多生活选项中的一个。

在很多国家，丁克的法被广泛接受。

这些改变背后的推动力似乎是个体化。

追求独立自主、隐私、自我实现和个人幸福的价值观已经变得越来越重要，这让那些注重集体目标的价值观失去了容身之所。

Task 6
China,with the largest population of elderly people in the world,has become anageing society.Meanwhile,China is also a country undergoing social transition.It will be a long time before a sound social welfare system can be established,which means that China
is in a unique situation when it comes to care of its ageing population.It is predicted that in the next 50 years,family care for
the aged will still be the dominant practice in China.Filial piety
has always been a significant part of traditional Chinese ethics.In today's ageing society,it will be all the more important to promote the virtue of filial piety,as it will continue to play a crucial role in encouraging pcople to take good care of their elderly family members by providing daily care and emotional support.
Guided writing
Writing Task 1
AABAABBA
Writing Task 2
1.Gcnerally spcaking,students stay in dormitorics.
2.In most cases,young unmarried pcople continue to live at home
with their parents.
3.Broadly speaking,young couples live in rented flats.
4.In general,couples with a child live in their own home.
ually,elderly pecople live in their own home or with their children.
6.Typically people who cannot afford to buy their own home live in rented accommodation.
Writing Task 3
1.Property prices are rising,so it is usually a good thing to buy a flat if you can afford to.If you don't have enough money to buy,you will
have to put up with renting.
2.Old homes can look attractive,but they tend to lack modern facilities. New homes can be expensive and not everyone likes high-rise living, but the materials are better and there are usually fewer maintenance problems.
3.Typically,it makes economic sense for an older person to live with younger relatives.Elderly parents can help with the housework
and are good with children,and the young can take care of their elderly parents as well.But as Chinese homes are generally not
very large,living sO close together may often result in disagreements.
4.Broadly speaking，council housing is high-rise.The apartments
are relatively small,but affordable.
Writing Task 4
With China's large population and the growth of its cities in recent years,housing is in great demand and there has been a huge
building boom.Broadly speaking,the older housing stock has
been demolished,as it is not of good quality and needs to be replaced by highrise buildings which can accommodate more people.A high percentage of urban residents own their own flats.
This is typically the case with a married couple with a child.In
most cases,young unmarried people continue to live at home with their ter,when they get marricd they may buy their first home or move to a rented place.As soon as they can,they will
purchase a better flat.At the top end of the market there are villas in gated estates,and fully fitted high-quality apartments with many facilities.In the middle range,there are more ordinary apartment buildings where the majority live.Economically affordable blocks which are subsidized by he government meet the needs of families with lower incomes.There is also a large rental scctor.Some companies which use migrant labour supply dormitory accommodation for their workers.
Unit test
Part I: Vocabulary and Structure
Section A
1.C
2.B
3.D
4.C
5.A
6.B
7.D
8.A
9.D
10.C
11.A
12.C
13.C
14.D
15.B
16.A
17.B
18.D
19.A
20.C
Section B
21.from
22.away
23.UP
24.with
25.to
26.in
27.with
28.as
29.with
30.down
Part II: Banked Cloze
31.orchard
32.synomymous
33.territory
34.howli ng
35.creak
36.gang
37.conquer
38.incredible
39.ironically
40.cease
Part III: Reading Comprehension
41.A
42.C
43.D
44.B
45.C
Unit 5 Active reading 1
First reading Task 1
1.The story is set in Joanne's,a famous restaurant in New York, on Christmas Eve.
2.Josh is a smart,hard-working lawyer in his early thirties.He is
African-American.
3.He has an appointmcnt at Joanne's.
4.Jo Rogers is a senior Senator in Washington and well-known
person in America.
5.He greets Josh very unpleasantly.He has a disdainful，superior
attitude towards Josh and behaves rudely.
6.At the back of the restaurant,closc to the bathroom,near a half-opened
window through which an icy brceze is blowing.
7.Everybody becomes silent and turns to look at her and greets
her with silent applause.
8.He suggests that they sit at a better table in the middle of the
restaurant, from where she can sce everybody,or everybody can see her.
9.No一she says the waiter brought her friend to that table,so they will
First reading Task 2
C
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1
1.progressive
2.intense
3.donations
4.recruits
petent
6.intimidated
7.sophisticated
8.democratic
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2
1.stepped out
2.were heaving with
3.in charge of
4.track down
5.think on his feet
6.knew inside out
7.in the running for
8.refrained from
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3
1.agreeable
ughable
3.corruption
4.curl
5.doubtful
7.impati ent
8.applause
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3
ABAABAAA
Active reading 2
First reading Task 1
CBDCAD
First reading Task 2
1.They want to work with an individual that they know and trust.
2.A company is a "they" group unless it is a small company.
3.Families in collectivist societies are usually "extended", they consist of a larger number of people living closely together.
4.By being a focus of loyalty and through the help that members give to each other.
5.In individualist soc ieties.
6.They are supposed to be able to stand on their own feet.
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1
1.dependent
2.invest m ent
4.loyalty
5.management
6.eable
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2
1.core
2.membership
3.threatened
4.dwell on
5.prevail over
6.lifelong
7. psychological
Reading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3
BAAA ABAA
Language in use
Task 1
1.She was in favour of the possibility of having an abortion.
2.She was against the death pecnalty.
3.These words are formed using the prefixes pro- and anti-.
4.They indicate a person's political and social ideas.
Task 2
1.0anti-racist
2.pro-devolutionist
3.anti-interventionist
4.anti-environmentalist
5.pro-market conomist
6.pro-governmentalist
1.I needed to see him not just to tell him about the new contract,but to check whether he was still interested in working with us.
2.People went to Joanne's not just to see who their fellow diners were, but to be seen themselves.
3.Matthew decided to climb Mount Kilimanjaro not just to face this personal challenge,but to raise money for a children's charity.
4.I agreed to go to Egypt not just to sce an old friend,but to take a much-needed break from the northern winter.
5.Florence left home not just to find a job in this area,but to escape from family life,which she was beginning to find oppressive.
Task 4
1.to which
2.ofwhich
3.with whom
4.by which
5.in which
6.to whom
Task 5
1.No,in fact,the food was often maligned.
2.He knew it by reputation,ie he had heard or read good comments。