高一英语译林版必修5：课时达标训练4 含解析

Unit 1课时达标训练(四)
Ⅰ.根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式
1．He ________ (犹豫) before he took the last cake.
2．If you export nothing but raw materials you're at the ________ (怜悯) of world prices.
3．Without ________ (停顿) for breath he walked straight to the office.
4．What she ________ (意思是) is that there's no point in waiting here.
5．She is new here, so naturally she is ________ (热切的) for friendship.
6．It's not his work that bothers me. It's his a________.
7．She a________ the morning news for seven years.
8．I think I'm l________ to get the job if Bob doesn't apply for it.
9．He continued speaking, r________ of my feelings on the matter.
10．I asked him his name, but he didn't r________.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．男孩和女孩似乎对友谊持有不同的态度。

Boys and girls seem to ________________________________________________________________________.
2．友谊意味着对别人忠诚。

Friendship means ________________.
3．足球对我很重要，友谊也是如此。

Football is important to me, and ________________________________________________________________________.
4．如果你有什么困惑，尽管向老师求助，不要犹豫。

If you have any puzzle, please don't ________________________________________________________________________.
5．多亏你的帮助，我才能通过考试。

________________，I was able to pass the exam.
Ⅲ.完形填空
After working many years in a big hospital, my work as PM charge nurse in a small local hospital yielded (产生) many frustrations.Occasionally we __1__ supplies or equipment and sometimes the food was __2__ desirable.The biggest __3__ was the lack of qualified help.__4__，everyone working there had a genuine love for the patients, and did their best to care for them.
Alice, a tiny elderly lady with bright blue, twinkling eyes was everyone's __5__. Her only living relative was her son Jack, a large，__6__ man.Tattoos(文身)covered his arms and his loud and rough manner __7__ most of the staff.
But this monstrous man loved his tiny mother. He sometimes visited at __8__ hours so he could surprise anyone he __9__ of not taking proper care of his mother.Yet, his __10__ with her amazed me.
And I, like everyone else, truly loved his mother. One particularly bad evening at the hospital, three __11__ called in sick.Jack came in at suppertime, as usual, to help his mother with her __12__.He stood gawking (盯着看) at me in the nurses' station as I __13__ tried to do the work of three nurses.Overwhelmed (不知所措的), and near tears, I __14__ his stare.
After the patients were finally __15__，bathed and put to bed I sat at the desk and put my head down on my arms for a few moment's __16__.Suddenly, the front door burst open.Startled, I thought, oh no! Here comes Jack, __17__ on us again! As he stepped in, I looked up to see him __18__ a pickle (泡菜) jar and in the jar was the __19__，long stemmed red rose I'd ever seen.Jack handed it to me and said, “I noticed what a __20__ time you were having tonight.This is for you, from me and m y mother.”
1．A.broke B．lacked
C．demanded D．misused
2．A.as much B．rather than
C．more than D．less than
3．A.problem B．doubt
C．fact D．reality
4．A.Besides B．Otherwise
C．Still D．Instead
5．A.favorite B．headache
C．topic D．pride
6．A.ridiculous B．funny
C．polite D．tough
7．A.annoyed B．terrified
C．frustrated D．impressed
8．A.unreasonable B．unbelievable
C．unpredictable D．unbearable
9．A.suspected B．accused
C．warned D．reminded
10．A.confidence B．patience
C．fairness D．gentleness
11．A.patients B．students
C．doctors D．assistants
12．A.sleep B．trouble
C．meal D．cooking
13．A.busily B．willingly
C．slowly D．angrily
14．A.feared B．met
C．turned D．avoided
15．A.checked B．fed
C．comforted D．calmed
16．A.silence B．satisfaction
C．relaxation D．recreation
17．A.checking up B．keeping watch
C．picking up D．dropping in
18．A.decorating B．carrying
C．holding D．covering
19．A.expensive B．cheapest
C．thinnest D．loveliest
20．A.long B．bad
C．boring D．sad
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Although we may not realize that when we talk with others, we make ourselves understood not only by words, we send messages to the people around us also by expressions and body movements. We call it “body
language”，which is a kind of nonverbal communication. A smile and a handshake show welcome. Waving one's hand is to say goodbye, nodding the head means agreement, while shaking it means disagreement. Putting up a hand means “May I ask a question？” These gestures are accepted both by Chinese and Americans as having the same meanings.
Culture influences communication and different countries have different cultures, so the way people in different countries communicate is different too. For example, Arabs often greet each other by kissing on both cheeks. In Japan, people greet each other by bowing. In the United States, people shake hands to show their greeting. And in Thailand, if you want to signal a person to come near, you should move the fingers back and forth with the palm down. But in the United States, you ask someone to come by holding the palm up and moving the fingers towards our body.
Because of cultural differences, we should pay attention to how we use body language. In Turkey, putting one hands in one's pockets is a sign of disrespect when speaking to others. In some Asian countries, you must not touch the head of another person. And in China, people don't kiss or hug each other, except his/her love.
All of the above shows it is important to know the meaning of gestures and movements. In foreign countries, we should follow their customs and learn their cultures, so that we can communicate with local people in a correct way, not only by words, but also by body language.
1．All of the following body languages mean the same in Chinese and American culture EXCEPT ________.
A．shaking hands with each other
B．nodding one's head
C．putting up a hand
D．touching the head of another person
2．Which of the following is a polite way to ask someone to come up to you in Thailand?
A．Holding your palm up and moving towards you.
B．Holding your palm down and waving your hand slowly.
C．Holding your palm up and waving your hand slowly.
D．Holding your palm down and moving the fingers back and forth.
3．The third paragraph is mainly written to ________.
A．inform the readers about some interesting body languages
B．warn readers that some body languages may lead to misunderstandings
C．tell the readers not to put their hands in their pockets when communicating
D．explain the differences in body language in certain Asian countries
Ⅴ.任务型阅读
Questions you should ask yourself when you fail
The more new things we try the more failure we are likely to have. 1.________ Experiencing failure can be a learning experience and an opportunity for a fresh start. A good way to begin this process is by asking yourself some tough questions.
What can I learn from this?
Take responsibility for what went wrong. OK, so it was not all your fault — but some of it was. Successful people don't make excuses or blame others. 2.________ So you should look at the experience objectively (客观地)．
Do I need to acquire or improve some skills?
Did the problem reveal some lack of skill on your part? How could you learn or improve those skills? Perhaps there are books or courses or people you could turn to. 3.________ Who can I learn from?
Is there someone to whom you can turn for advice？Did a boss, colleague or friend see what happened? 4.________ Most people do not ask for help because they believe it to be a sign of weakness rather than strength. It's not.It shows that you are ready to learn and change.
What will I do next?
Now draw up an action plan. Will you try something similar or something different? Revisit your goals. Failure doesn't mean you have to give up; maybe you just need to change it in another way. 5.________
A．You can now reset your sights on your destination and plan a new course.
B．Make them stepping stones to future success.
C．They take responsibility for the failure.
D．In fact the only way to avoid failure is to do nothing new.
E．The important thing is how we deal with failure.
F．the skills and experiences you need.
G．If they are constructive and supportive then ask them for some feedback and guidance.
课时达标训练(四)
Ⅰ.1.hesitated 2.mercy 3.pausing
4．means 5.eager 6.attitude7.anchored
8．likely9.regardless10.respond
Ⅱ.1.have different attitudes to/towards friendship 2.being committed to others 3.so is our friendship 4.hesitate to turn to your teacher 5.Thanks to your
help
Ⅲ.语篇解读：作者在一家小医院工作，设备简陋，人手紧缺，但大家对病人都很负责。

一位老妇人非常受大家喜欢，但她儿子相貌粗狂，经常出其不意地检查护士是否对母亲的照料有疏漏，大家都有点害怕他。

有一次作者忙碌了一天，在休息时，他送给作者玫瑰花以表谢意，使作者深受感动。

1．解析：根据前文“a small local hospital”可推断出，这个小医院设备简陋紧缺。

第3空后的the lack of ...是提示。

misuse“滥用”，不合题意。

答案：B
2．解析：根据语境判断，此处还是强调医院条件差，因此食物也不那么令人满意，因此用less than，说明达不到一定的程度。

more than表示非常令人满意，rather than表示“而不是”。

答案：D
3．解析：前面都在说医院的问题，由后文作者一个人干三个人的活可知，医院人手紧缺是最大的难题。

答案：A
4．解析：前后形成转折关系，说明尽管条件不好，但医护人员对病人很尽责。

still表示“但是”，instead也表转折，但意思是“而不是，反而”。

答案：C
5．解析：从下文第四段“And I，like everyone else, truly loved his mother.”可推断，这个老妇人深受大家喜爱。

答案：A
6．解析：从下文“Tattoos covered his arms and his loud and rough manner”可推断，这位女病人的儿子高大强壮。

tough表示“强健的，健壮的”，其他三项均与语境不符。

答案：D 7．解析：从前面对儿子相貌的描述可推断，大家都害怕他。

annoy意为“使恼怒”，不合语境。

答案：B
8．解析：结合下文的“he could surprise anyone”可推知，他有时会出其不意地来检查。

unreasonable“不合情理的”；unbelievable“不可思议的”；unbearable“不可忍受的”，均不合语境。

答案：C
9．解析：从他出其不意来查岗，可以推断他怀疑母亲不能得到好的照料。

accuse“谴责”，不合题意。

答案：A
10．解析：根据上文可知儿子对母亲十分爱护。

gentleness表示“仁慈的，和善的”，符合语境。

答案：D
11．解析：从下文13空后“tried to do the work of three nurses”可推断，有三个助手生病请假了。

assistant表示比较正式的“助手”，一般用在专家、教授身上。

答案：B 12．解析：从前面的suppertime可知选meal。

cooking“做饭”，用在医院不合适。

答案：C
13．解析：因为是一个人干三个人的活，所以作者很忙碌。

答案：A
14．解析：从前面作者不知所措，几乎掉泪判断，作者在逃避对方的眼光。

答案：D 15．解析：根据前文的“suppertime”以及此处的并列关系判断，应该是吃饭、洗澡、睡觉。

答案：B
16．解析：从前文可知，作者干完活以后很累，因此休息一会。

recreation意思是“娱乐”，不合逻辑。

答案：C
17．解析：前文有提示，作者以为这位儿子又来查岗，keep watch on sb.“一直监视某人”；pick up on“了解；注意到”；drop in on“顺便拜访”，均不合语境。

答案：A 18．解析：根据下文可知瓶子里插着玫瑰花，显然这位儿子是把瓶子拿在手中，而不是携带，因此不选B。

答案：C
19．解析：作者受到病人家属的理解和感激，此情此景，玫瑰花在作者眼中这应该是最可爱的。

答案：D
20．解析：这位儿子已经看到作者的辛苦，因此知道作者很不容易。

boring“乏味的”，不合语境。

答案：B
Ⅳ.语篇解读：我们应该了解不同的国家有着不同的肢体语言，这样才能避免交流产生误会。

1．解析：细节理解题。

文章第一段所列举的中美两国具有同样意义的肢体语言中包含
了A、B、C三项，而不包含“触摸别人的头”，因此排除选项D。

答案：D 2．解析：细节理解题。

从第二段的“And in Thailand, if you want to signal a person to come near, you should move the fingers back and forth with the palm down.”可知答案为D。

答案：D 3．解析：主旨大意题。

本段内容都是围绕第一句话展开的。

既然有些肢体语言应该引起我们的注意，就说明它们在不同的国家会有不同的含义，如果不了解这些可能会造成误解，因此选B。

答案：B
Ⅴ.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

主要说明了假如失败了，要从哪几个方面找原因。

1．解析：根据下文“Experiencing failure can be a learning experience and an opportunity for a fresh start.A good way to begin this process is by asking yourself some tough questions.”可推知，重要的是我们如何处理失败。

答案：E
2．解析：根据上文“Successful people don't make excuses or blame others.”可知，成功人士不会找借口或责备别人。

他们承担失败的责任。

答案：C
3．解析：根据上文的叙述可知，挫折是否也代表你能力不足呢？该怎样弥补？或许，你可以读书、上课或向人请教。

制定一个获取技能和经验的自我提升计划。

答案：F 4．解析：根据上文“Who can I learn from？”、“Is there someone to whom you can turn for advice？Did a boss, colleague or a friend see what happened？”可知，我能向谁学习呢？身边有没有可以求助的人？如果上司、同事或朋友能够理解，你可以多征求他们的意见。

答案：G
5．解析：根据上文“Will you try something similar or something different？Revisit your goals. Failure doesn't mean you have to give up; maybe you just need to change it in another way.”可知，你想一如既往还是有所不同？好好审视自己的目标吧。

失败并不意味着你要放弃，或许你只需换种方式而已。

所以，你应重新审视目标，调整实施计划。

答案：A。