高级口译全真试题集翻译部分习题答案及讲评2000年—2004年

习题一
2000 年3 月考题
TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
The fate of unborn millions will now depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of this army. Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission. We have, therefore, to resolve to conquer or to die.
Our own, our country‘s honor, calls upon us for a vigorous and manly e xertion; and if we now shamefully fail, we shall become infamous to the whole world. Let us then rely on the goodness of our cause, and the aid of the Supreme Being, in whose hands victory is, to animate and encourage us to great and noble actions. The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have the blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them. Let us animate and encourage each other, and show the whole world that a free man contending for liberty on his own ground is superior to any slavish mercenary on earth.
分析：
① The fate of unborn millions will now depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of this army.
译文一：苍天之下，数/ 千百万我们的后代/ 尚未出生的人，命系/ 其命运将取决于我们这支军队的勇气和斗志/ 表现。

译文二：苍天之下，我们这支军队的勇气和斗志将决定千百万我们后代的命运。

考点：转性译法：名词→ 形容词million → 千百万
形容词→名词unborn → 后代
正反译法：unborn → 后代（正译）
→ 未出生的（反译）
② Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission.
译文：敌人冷酷无情/ 铁石心肠，我们要么顽强抵抗，要么屈膝投降。

考点：合词译法——无论是英语还是汉语，都喜欢连用同义词以强调其表达的意思。

英语常用的是成对词，而中文常用的是一条前后两个部分为同一意思的四字
成语/ 俗语，或两条同义成语。

既然这些同以此表达的是同一个意思，我们
1) fair and square → 公平
2) There is a hard and fast rule against smoking. → 严格
3) He is dead and gone. → 他的确死了。

4) His father is a man who forgives and forgets. → 他父亲非常宽容。

5) wise and clever → 非常聪明；silly and foolish → 很笨
6) She shakes and trembles with fe ar. → 她吓得不停地发抖。

7) He is a man of culture and learning. → 他是个很有学问的人。

8) goal and aim → 目的
9) ache and pain → 百般疼痛
10) right and proper → 完全正确
11) cozy and comfortable → 非常舒适
12) She was surprised and taken aback. → 大吃一惊
13) really and truly → 千真万确
14) hustle and bustle → 拥挤不堪
15) cruel and unrelenting （文中）→ 残酷无情
16) 顽强抵抗，屈膝投降（文中）→ 四字格
正反译法：unrelenting→ 铁石心肠（正译）
→ 冷酷无情（反译）
转性译法：名词→ 动词resistance→ 抵抗submission→ 投降
形容词→ 动词abject→ 屈膝
③ We have, therefore, to resolve to conquer or to die.
译文一：因此，我们必须下定决心，若不克敌制胜，就得捐躯疆场。

译文二：因此，我们必须下定决心，不成功就成仁。

译文三：因此，我们必须下定决心，不想化为尘土，就得得胜归来。

考点：resolve to →decide firmly
关于to die 中的to 是跟have to 的，不是跟resolve to ，不能翻译成―我
们决定胜利或死‖。

④Our own, our country‘s honor, calls upon us for a vigorous and manly exertion; and if we now shamefully fail, we shall become infamous to the whole world.
译文：我们的荣誉，祖国的荣誉，要求我们置死地于后生/ 发扬大无畏精神，如果我们无颜战败，将羞愧于整个世界/ 在全世界名誉扫地。

考点：抽象译法：a vigorous and manly exertion→ 置死地于后生
vigorous: strong; energetic
manly: brave
exertion: effort
正反译法：shamefully→ 羞耻（正译）
→ 无颜（反译）
infamous→ 臭名昭著（正译）
⑤ Let us then rely on the goodness of our cause, and the aid of the Supreme Being, (in whose hands victory is), to animate and encourage us to great and noble actions.
译文一：因此，让我们凭借正义的事业和上帝的恩助——胜利在他手中——来激励自己伟大地战斗。

译文二：因此，让我们凭借正义的事业和上帝的恩助来激励自己伟大地战斗，因为胜利站在上帝这边。

考点：定语从句的翻译：融合法（表原因）
转性译法：名词→ 形容词goodness→ 正义的
名词→ 动词actions→ 战斗
action: military fighting 参考译文翻得不好，―业绩‖
形容词→ 副词great and noble→ 伟大地
合词译法：animate and encourage→ 激励great and noble→ 伟大的
⑥The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have the blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them.
译文：全国同胞都在关注我们，如果我们有幸能够拯救他们脱离强加于身的暴政/ 把他们从强加于身的暴政中解救出来，那将得到他们的祝福和赞颂。

考点：转性译法：介词→ 动词upon→ 关注from→ 脱离
省词译法：instrument: person or thing that brings sth about 引起某事的人或物
happily: fortunately medicate: consider
合词译法：blessings and praises
⑦Let us animate and encourage each other, and show the whole world that a free man (contending for liberty on his own ground) is superior to any slavish mercenary on earth.
译文：让我们彼此激励，昭告全天下：在祖国为自由而斗争的自由人民，会战胜世上任何盲从的雇佣军。

考点：合词译法：animate and encourage
转性译法：形容词→ 动词superior→ 战胜
ground: land→ 祖国
mercenary: n. soldier hired to fight in a foreign army 雇佣兵
adj. interested only in making money 图利
TRANSLATIONS TEST (2) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
祖国和平统一，乃千秋功业。

台湾同胞可安居乐业，两岸各族人民可解骨肉分离之痛，在台诸前辈及大陆去台人员亦可各得其所，且有利于亚太地区局势稳定和世界和平。

当今国际风云变幻莫测，台湾上下众议纷纭。

岁月不居，来日苦短，夜长梦多，时不我与。

试为贵党计，如能依时顺势，负起历史责任，毅然和谈，达成国家统一，则两党长期共存，互相监督，共图振兴中华之大业。

分析：
①祖国和平统一，乃千秋功业。

译文：The peaceful reunification of the motherland is a great undertaking of lasting importance.
考点：成语的翻译
②台湾终必回归祖国，早日解决对各方有利。

译文一：Taiwan is bound to return to (the embrace of) the motherland. An early settlement of the issue will be in the interest of all.
译文二：Taiwan is bound to return to (the embrace of) the motherland. An early settlement of the issue will be beneficial to each party.
考点：对…… 有利
be beneficial/helpful/advantageous/favourable/good/wholesome/salutary/conducive
③台湾同胞可安居乐业，两岸各族人民可解骨肉分离之痛，在台诸前辈及大陆去台人员亦可各得其所，且有利于亚太地区局势稳定和世界和平。

译文：The compatriots in Taiwan will live in peace and work happily, the people of all nationalities on both sides of the Taiwan Straits will no longer endure/suffer from the
pains of family separation//will be exempt/released from the pains of family separation.
The elders/senior in Taiwan and people moving from the mainland will be properly
provided for//get what they want, which is conducive to the stability of the Asian-Pacific
region and the peace of the world at large.
考点：正反译法：可解骨肉分离之痛→be exempt/released from the pains of family
separation （正译）
→will no longer endure the pains of family
separation （反译）
④当今国际风云变幻莫测，台湾上下众议纷纭。

译文一：The current/present international situation is changeable. The opinions of the people in Taiwan are widely divided.
译文二：The current/present international situation is changeable. People in Taiwan disagree on their future.
考点：变幻莫测→changeable/un predictable/volatile/capricious/fickle.
⑤岁月不居，来日苦短，夜长梦多，时不我与。

译文：Time does not stay and brief is the day. A long night is fraught with dreams//A long delay may mean trouble. Time and tide wait for no man.
⑥试为贵党计，如能依时顺势，负起历史责任，毅然和谈，达成国家统一，则两党长期共存，互相监督，共图振兴中华之大业。

译文：For the sake of your party, if you would keep up with the tide to shoulder the historical responsibility and resolutely join in the peace talks for our national reunification, our
two parties will coexist for a long time to come, supervising each other and joining in
tremendous efforts to revitalize/rejuvenate China.
考点：转性译法：动词→ 介词达成→for
习题二
2000年9月考题
TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
The biggest problem of the third industrial revolution is as easy to explain as it is difficulty to solve. Technology is creating a global economy that is rapidly supplanting our old national economies. National governments cannot control this new economy, yet no one, least of all Americans, wants to create the form of global government that might be able to control it. As a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system. The difficulties of containing the 1997 Asian economic meltdown are just the first of many such difficulties we can expect.
National governments, which used to worry about managing and maintaining their economic systems, are slowly being pushed out of business. Changes in global finance overwhelm all but the largest governments. Governments have lost much of their influence over the movement of information and capital. They cannot control who crosses their borders either physically or culturally.
Conversely, the power of global business is growing with companies‘ ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects.
分析：
①The biggest problem of the third industrial revolution is as easy to explain as it is difficulty to solve.
译文：第三次工业革命的首要问题容易说明，却很难解决。

考点：又……；这里有转折
英语的比较结构是非常复杂的，其表现形式是多样性的。

就其等级而言，有原级（positive degree）、比较级（comparative degree）、最高级（superlative degree）。

就其性质而言，有强化性质的比较，递增和递减性质的比较、否定性质的比较、选择性质的比较、限制性质的比较、含蓄性质的比较等。

一、强化语势的比较
more than+原级：表示强调
She is more than charming and lovely.
译文：她分外多娇。

You do me more than pride.
译文：你使我感到不胜荣幸。

After all these years of working together, he is more than a friend to me.
译文：他和我共事那么多年，岂只是我的普通朋友//我们已成莫逆之交。

as…as…：不仅……而且……；既……又……
Your composition is as concise as potent.
译文：你的文章短小精悍
still less=much less：更谈不上，何况，甚至……还
For the sake of scientific research, we spare no sacrifice of life, much less time and energy.
译文：为了科学研究，我们甚至不惜牺牲生命，还舍不得付出实践与精力吗？
far/much/considerably/appreciably/a lot/a good deal/+比较级：远胜于；远比……多
In a sense, translation is considerably more difficult than composition. As an English proverb goes, ―a genuine translator must necessarily be ‗a man of common sense‘.‖
译文：从某种意义上说，翻译比写作难得多，正如英语谚语所说的那样，―一个真正的翻译家必定是有‗常识的人‘。

‖
no+比较级：并不；一点也没有
He is no better after taking the pills.
译文：他吃完药后一点也没好。

second to none：比……毫无逊色；最好的
China is a highly civilized nation. She cherishes a time-honored cultural tradition. Chinese architecture is second to none in artistic style.
译文：中国是一个高度文明的国家，她有历史悠久的文化传统，其建筑在艺术风格方面，与其他国家的相比毫无逊色。

二、递增级和递减级
the more…the more：越……越……；愈……愈……
The more developed is industry, the more serious is environmental pollution.
译文：工业越发达，环境污染越严重。

more…, less…：越……，反而更……
More haste, less speed.
译文：欲速则不达。

最高级……最高级：越……越……；最……最……
He who smiles last smiles best.
译文：谁笑到最后，笑得最好。

all the+比较级：反而更……
He is suffering from insomnia. Hence, he usually takes overdose of methaqualone, and that is all the worse for his health.
译文：他患失眠症，因而时常服用过量的安眠酮，但这对他的健康，反而更加不利。

no less than：不但……而且……
He is no less proficient in astronomy than in geography.
译文：他不仅精通天文，而且精通地理。

more than：很……；……有余
He is more than a gentleman, who will give his seat to the elderly on the bus.
译文：他很绅士，在公交车上会给老年人让座。

三、否定性质的比较
比较级+than+原级：……有余而……不足；有……而无……
The commander is more brave than wise.
译文：司令官有勇无谋。

You are more cautious than decisive.
译文：你谨慎有余而果断不足。

比较级+of+名词+than+被比较的名词：与其说……不如说……
He is more of a strategist than a statesman.
译文：与其说他是一个政治家，不如说他是个战略家。

more than+名词：非……
His feeling is more than words can describe.
译文：他的感情非语言所能描绘。

more than+动词：毫不……
He more than hesitated to undertake this task and expressed his firm resolution to overfulfill it ahead of time.
译文：他毫不迟疑地承担了这项任务，而且表示决心，一定要提前超额完成。

否定词+than(prep)：并不；并非
Through his lack of experience, he is no more skillful than Alice in practical operation.
译文：由于缺乏经验，他在实际操作方面，并不比艾丽丝熟练。

四、选择性比较和限制性比较
had better：最好……；以……为妙
You‗d better look before you leap.
译文：凡事要三思而后行。

prefer to…rather than…：宁可……不愿……；与其……不如……；宁……毋……
The hero preferred to die standing rather than live kneeling.
译文：这位英雄宁可站着死，不愿跪着生。

so/as far/long as：只要
So long as my lingering gasp lasts, I will never cease studying.
译文：只要我一息尚存，就要学习不止。

②Technology is creating a global economy (that is rapidly supplanting our old national economies.)
译文：科技正在创造一种全球经济，来迅速代替我们陈旧的国民经济体制。

考点：单独出现technology不要翻译成―技术‖，最好翻译成―科技‖。

定语从句：前置╳省略法★
具体译法：national economies→国民经济体制
③National governments cannot control this new economy, yet no one, least of all Americans, wants to create the form of global government (that might be able to control it).
译文：各国政府无法掌控新经济，也没有人想要建立能够掌控这种新经济的全球性政府机构/形式，就更别提美国人了//美国人就更不用说了。

考点：增词译法：government s→各国政府
比较级表否定：least of all: to an insignificant degree 最不
eg. Least of all would I lie to you. 我绝不会对你撒谎。

定语从句的翻译：前置法
④As a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system.
译文：从而我们可能/似乎要生活在一个根本没有管理/无法掌控的经济体制中。

考点：were going to=would 表示假想的现在的动作或事件
eg. It would be a pity to miss the film. 要是赶不上电影就可惜了。

1）与imagine，say，think各词连用表示偏爱
eg. I would be only too glad to help you. 我非常高兴能帮忙。

2）用来评述特有的行为
eg. That‘s just what he would say. 那正是他会说的话。

It would rain on the day we chose for a picnic. 我们选定野餐的那天偏
要下雨。

3）用于so that，in order that之后，以表示目的
eg. She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.
她把那些信都烧了，这样她丈夫就永远看不到它们了。

⑤The difficulties of containing the 1997 Asian economic meltdown are just the first of many such difficulties we can expect.
译文：抑制/遏制1997年亚洲经济灾难/崩溃所遇到的麻烦，只不过是我们可以预料到的溃堤蚁穴/麻烦的开始。

考点：meltdown: catastrophe 彻底垮台；灾难
具体译法：just the first of many such difficulties→溃堤蚁穴
⑥National governments, (which used to worry about managing and maintaining their economic systems), are slowly being pushed out of business.
译文：过去常常为各自经济制度的管理和维系而殚精竭虑的各国政府，正渐渐地变得无所作为//正日渐没落。

考点：定语从句的翻译：前置法（如像参考文那样翻译，则主语削弱）
转型译法：动词→名词manage→管理maintain→维系
转态译法：被主交换are slowly being pushe d out of business→日渐没落
out of business→破产
⑦Changes in global finance overwhelm all but the largest governments.
译文一：世界上只有最大的几个政府才能在全球金融动荡中屹立不倒。

译文二：全球金融瞬息万变，唯一难不倒全球最大的几个政府。

考点：change不要翻成―变化‖，因为―金融变化‖搭配不好。

转性译法：名词→形容词change→瞬息万变
正反译法：overwhelm→屹立不倒；难不倒（反译）
换序译法
⑧Governments have lost much of their influence over the movement of information and capital. 译文：政府对信息和资本流动的影响已丧失大半/微乎其微。

⑨They cannot control who crosses their borders either physically or culturally.
译文：无论是外人入境，或是文化入侵，政府都已无能为力。

考点：physically: using violence 使用暴力地；动武地
eg. Are you going to cooperate or go we have to get physical?
你是跟我们合作，还是我们非得动武呢？
转性译法：副词→名词physically→外人culturally→文化
换序译法
⑩Conversely, the power of global business is growing with companies‘ ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects.
译文：截然相反的是，全球性大公司利用近水楼台先得月/迁往最有利的地方，唆使国与国之间为争取有吸引力/诱人的投资项目而鹬蚌相争，权力不断增长。

考点：play A off against B: cause two people or groups to oppose each other, esp. for one‘s own
advantage. 挑拨离间（从中取利）
具体译法：play off against→唆使……鹬蚌相争
TRANSLATIONS TEST (2) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
知识和技术创新是人类经济、社会发展的重要动力源泉。

中国将致力于建设国家创新体系，通过营造良好的环境，推进知识创新、技术创新和体制创新，这是中国实现跨世纪发展的必由之路。

中国政府支持科学家为了国家需求和科学发展开展基础研究，尊重科学家独特的敏感和创造精神，鼓励他们进行―好奇心驱动的研究‖。

在未来的50年甚至更长的时期里，中国的发展将在很大的程度上依赖于今天基础研究和高技术研究的创新成就，依赖于这些研究所必然孕育的优秀人才。

分析：
①知识和技术创新是人类经济、社会发展的重要动力源泉。

译文：The innovation in knowledge and technology//Knowledge and technological innovation is/constitutes an important source of motive for/impetus to /incentive to/driving force
for the economic and social development of mankind.
②中国将致力于建设国家创新体系，通过营造良好的环境，推进知识创新、技术创新和体制创新，这是中国实现跨世纪发展的必由之路。

译文：Through creating a favorable background, China will be devoted to building a national system for innovation to promote/further the innovation in knowledge, technology and
system, which is the only path/indispensable/essential for China to achieve
cross-century/trans-century/century-crossing/turn-of-the-century development.
考点：致力于→be devoted/dedicated/committed to
必由之路→ind ispensable/essential/vital/required/crucial/requisite/key to
换序译法
转性译法：名词→形容词必由之路→indispensable
定语从句的翻译：重复法→―这‖
③中国政府支持科学家为了国家需求和科学发展开展基础研究，尊重科学家独特的敏感和创造精神，鼓励他们进行―好奇心驱动的研究‖。

译文：The Chinese government supports scientists in carrying out fundamental research to meet the national demand, respects scientists‘ unique sensitivity and
creativity/originality/ingenuity, and encourages them to carry out/conduct
curiosity-driven research//research driven by curiosity.
④在未来的50年甚至更长的时期里，中国的发展将在很大的程度上依赖于今天基础研究和高技术研究的创新成就，依赖于这些研究所必然孕育的优秀人才。

译文：During/Within/In the period of next 50 years or even longer, China‘s development will depend, to a large extent, on the innovative achievements in the field of today‘s
fundamental and high-tech research and on the elites who are bound to be nurtured/bred
in the course of//in the researches.
习题三
2001 年3 月考题
TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart. ―Eventually, being ‗poor‘ won‘t be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.‖ That was Bill Gates talking in 1992. Way back then, the Microsoft chairman‘s image was that of a rather harsh, libertarian-leaning fellow who proudly declare his products alone would ―change the world‖.
Yes, even Bill Gates, the iconic capitalist of our day, seems to have come around. The
self-assured Gates of 1992 was obviously a man of his times, confident of his industry‘s ability to change the world, certain that the power of markets and new technology, once unleashed, would address most of the world‘s ills. But the most skeptical Gates of the new m illennium is someone who evinces a passion for giving and government aid. He shares a growing realization, even in the multibillionaire set, that something is amiss with the ideology that has prevailed since the end of the cold war: global-capitalism-as-panacea.
分析：
①Considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart. ―Eventually, being ‗poor‘ won’t be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.‖
译文：我们可以体会一下同一个人在相隔八年前后的说词。

// 请思考一下同一个人现在及八年前说的话。

―说到底，‗贫穷‘与其说是生活在贫穷的国家里，还不如说是所
拥有的技术低劣/ 拥有低劣的技术/ 技艺不精。

‖
考点：转性译法：形容词→ 名词poor→ 贫穷
比较级的用法：not as/so much A as B = not A as much B→ 肯定B ，否定A
eg. It is not advice as much as approval that he seeks.
与其说他在征求意见，不如说他在期望得到赞同/ 首肯。

a matter of sth/doing sth→ 与…… 有关的情况或问题
eg. Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience.
处理这些问题全凭经验。

正反译法：having poor skills→ 拥有低劣的技术（正译）
→ 技术不精（反译）
②That was Bill Gates talking in 1992.
译文：那是比尔·盖茨1992 年的说词/ 说的话。

③Way back then, the Microsoft chairman‘s image was that of a rather harsh, libertarian-leaning fellow (who proudly declare his products alone would ―change the world‖.)
译文：想当年，微软公司董事长的形象雷厉风行/ 不苟言笑、天马行空/ 有自由论倾向，他得意地宣称仅靠自己的产品就能―改变世界‖。

考点：chairman: permanent president of a committee, board of directors of a company, etc.
董事长
libertarian: One who believes in freedom of action and thought. 自由论者：信仰
行动和思想自由的人
正反译法：har sh→ 雷厉风行（正译）
→ 不苟言笑（反译）
具体译法：成语法harsh→ 雷厉风行；不苟言笑
libertarian-leaning→ 天马行空
定语从句的翻译：重复法
④Yes, even Bill Gates, the iconic capitalist of our day, seems to have come around.
译文：诚然如此，即使身为当代资本家楷模/ 典范的比尔• 盖茨，也似乎改变了想法// 似乎也不可能一成不变。

考点：icon: one who is the object of great attention and devotion; an idol: 偶像
转性译法：形容词→ 名词iconic→ 偶像
正反译法：come around→ 改变了想法（正译）
→ 不可能一成不变（反译）
⑤The self-assured Gates of 1992 was obviously a man of his times, confident of his industry‘s ability to change the world, certain that the power of markets and new technology, once unleashed, would address most of the world‘s ills.
译文：1992 年那个踌躇满志的盖茨显然是属于那个时代的，他坚信他从事的行业有能力改变这个世界，（坚信）市场和新技术的能量一旦得到释放，就可以解决世上大
多数问题。

考点：增词译法：confident of→ （他）坚信
his industry→ 他（从事）的行业
转性译法：名词→ 动词his industry‘s ability→ 他从事的行业有能力
形容词→ 动词confident, certain→ 坚信
unleash: set off address: deal with ill: problem
⑥But the most skeptical Gates of the new millennium is someone (who evinces a passion for giving and government aid.)
译文：但新千年盖茨对此持怀疑态度，热衷于施舍和政府援助。

考点：skeptical→ 偏向于不相信
suspicious→ 偏向于相信
evince: show or demonstrate clearly; manifest.
eg. He evinced great sorrow. → 他表示遗憾。

His conversation evinces great courage. → 他的谈话显示了很大的勇气。

句式转换：形容词短语→ 主谓短语the most skeptical Gates→ 盖茨对此
持怀疑态度
转性译法：名词→ 动词passion→ 热衷于
定语从句的翻译：省略法
⑦He shares a growing realization, even in the multibillionaire set, that something is amiss with the ideology (that has prevailed since the end of the cold war: global-capitalism-as-panacea.) 译文：即便拥有数十亿资产// 即便已成为亿万富翁，盖茨越来越意识到冷战结束以来盛行的意识形态即/ ——―全球资本主义是万灵药‖是欠缺的/ 不完善的/ 一定有不
当之处。

考点：转性译法：名词→ 动词realization→ 意识到end→ 结束
形容词→ 副词growing→ 越来越
介词→ 动词in→ 拥有；成为
形容词→ 名词amiss→ 不当之处
multibillion→< 英> 数万亿的
< 美> 数十亿的
set: position; situation
amiss: not perfect
错误程度：blunder>bumble>falsity>balk(baulk)>slip （谈话或写作中的小错
误）>foible
过失程度：clanger>gaffe>misfeasance （不法行为；不当行为）>misstep （失
足）>lapse>defect>demerit>blame
定语从句的翻译：前置+后置法
TRANSLATIONS TEST (2) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
长期以来，科学与艺术之间的关系一直是剃头担子一头热：科学热恋着艺术，艺术却拒科学与千里之外。

许多大科学家一生钟爱艺术，且懂艺术，从中汲取养料，善养浩然之气，或得到人生最大安慰。

相反，热爱自然科学并且理解工程技术的文学艺术家真可谓凤毛麟角。

艺术家对自然科学望而生畏，敬而远之，原因之一是里面有一大堆高深的数学公式。

其实，撇开数学，绕过那一大堆公式，一门学科的基本思想还是可以被我们理解和欣赏的。

这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱，却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣，击节称赞。

分析：
①长期以来，科学与艺术之间的关系一直是剃头担子一头热：科学热恋着艺术，艺术却拒科学与千里之外。

译文：For a long time, the relationship between science and art has been that of partial /one-sided enthusiasm. That is, science is passionately in love with art while art is
arrogant and unapproachable to science/ gives science the cold shoulder/keeps away
from science.
考点：转性译法：动词→ 名词热恋着→passionately in love with
俗语的翻译
②许多大科学家一生钟爱艺术，且懂艺术，从中汲取养料，善养浩然之气，或得到人生最大安慰。

译文：Many great scientists love art fondly and cherish it//cherish and appreciate art, from which they derive rich nourishment so as to cultivate their noble spirit/loftiness/moral
force or get the greatest comfort from life.
考点：断句译法
定语从句的译法：省略法
表示―熟练‖的讲法：be good at / proficient, skilled, expert, masterly, adept,
adroit, versed, practised, accomplished in
③相反，（热爱自然科学并且理解工程技术的）文学艺术家真可谓凤毛麟角。

译文：Conversely/On the contrary, a literary artist who loves natural science and understands engineering technology is regarded as a rarity of rarities.
考点：定语从句的翻译：前置法
④艺术家对自然科学望而生畏，敬而远之，原因之一是里面有一大堆高深的数学公式。

译文：One of the reasons why artists stand in awe// are filled with awe before natural science and keep respectfully aloof from it lies in a lot of abstruse/ambiguous mathematical
formulas in natural science.
考点：定语从句的翻译
意译：一大堆→ a lot of> a huge stack
―高深的‖：abstract, ambiguous, obscure, recondite, vague, esoteric, arcane,
occult, mysterious, perplexing, incomprehensible, unfathomable,
profound, remote, subtle 黑体为正反译法的反译
⑤其实，撇开数学，绕过那一大堆公式，一门学科的基本思想还是可以被我们理解和欣赏
的。

译文：To be frank, if we leave aside mathematics and bypass/detour/go round/ round the abundant formulas, the basic principles/essence of the discipline (of natural science) are
understandable and appreciable// we can understand and appreciate the basic
principles/essence of the discipline.
考点：增词译法：增加主语和连词撇开数学→(if we) leave aside mathematics
增加定语一门学科→the discipline (of natural science)
⑥这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱，却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣，击节称赞。

译文一：This is the similar case when the main melody can resonate powerfully/evoke a strong echo for us to clap our hands in admiration despite our disability to understand
the score of Mozart‘s musical pieces.
译文二：This is the similar case when we are able to give a passionate response to its main melody and great admire the music although we are ignorant of/read nothing of the
score of Mozart‘s musical pieces.
考点：正反译法：看不懂→be ignorant of （正译）
→read nothing of/not understand
转性译法：动词→ 名词看不懂→disability to understand
换序译法。