名嘴英语

名觜英语
INTRODUCTION (1)
Finance is a jungle in which even expert hunters are mauled or eaten. Amateurs stand little chance unless they arm themselves with a few weapons. Prod people in the City with the right phrases and they may believe you are too well armed to be consumed.
The novice needs to learn just enough to realize when there is wool in front of his eyes, and to ask questions that will keep the experts feeling they are being watched. For instance, if you ask advice about which shares to buy you are liable to meet condescension and the suggestion that unit trusts may be the wisest move for the small investor. At this point a disingenuous little bluff can warn them to be a bit more careful — something like asking whether the P/E is too low for the sector but the yield below the opportunity cost. That may stop them patronizing you.
On the other hand if you ask whether suggested investments provide a return with an adequate net present value, and what discount rate has been used in the DCF calculations and why, you are liable to leave many a financial adviser floundering.
This of course is the essence of all bluff; to hint that you know, but to get the expert sufficiently off his home territory that he cannot be sure whether you are too knowledgeable to tangle with or too sharp to be robbed. With an expert on Rembrandt you steer the conversation to, say, Velazquez (if that is what you know a little about) and he will become ill at ease and wary of flatly contradicting you. With an economist you discuss shop-floor working practices. With City people you discuss economics while knowing just enough not to be caught before the subject is changed
引言(1)
金融世界就像凶险的热带丛林，专业猎手在里面也难免受伤或被吃掉，生手生存的机会就更少，除非他们用武器把自己武装起来—即用正确的行话来对付金融城里的人，这样他们才会认为对你太难下口而放过你。

新手要学会辨别什么时候别人在糊弄你，还要学会提使专家感到不大自在的问题。

比如，你向他们请教买什么股票比较好时，很可能遭到他们轻视，说小额投资者最好去买单位基金。

这时那个假装虚心的小小说客就要放出一些让人不能小看的话头来，像问这一类投资的市盈率是否太低了一点，收益还不如银行存款等等。

这可以阻止专家们摆出一副教训人的样子。

如果你继续问他们建议的投资项目是否有足够高的兑现值，进行DCF计算时用什么折扣率，以及为什么要使用这个折扣率，准保让那些金融顾问难以招架。

当然这些都是说客的花招，旨在表示你懂行，可以有效地使专家们感到不安，吃不准你是懂得大多不好糊弄呢，还是大机敏不肯乱投资。

对于伦布朗的专家，你要把话题转到委拉斯凯茨（如果你对这方面有所了解的话），他会变得不自信，不敢贸然反驳你。

跟经济学家，你大侃生产部门的实际操作，跟金融城里的人，你大谈经济学，而实际上你懂的只是刚够在话题转变之前不露馅的那部分。

INTRODUCTION (2)
You do, however, have to take care; the world of finance is itself full of people bluffing for a living, so watch out when these ploys are used on you. An effective counter-play if you suspect you have met a professional bluffer is to insist on his speaking plain English and explaining every term precisely. This is not unreasonable for if they want your cash the least they can do is to speak a language you can understand and not hide behind vaporous double-talk.
If, despite that, they still bury you in jargon, be alert. They may be peddling an idea so obvious, or so false, its fragility needs to be wrapped in verbal fluff to protect it. So arm yourself with a good enough command of the vocabulary to know when others are bluffing and to provide ammunition for the perfect riposte.
Defensive bluffing, especially on the stock exchange, is to avoid advertising oneself as a sucker. The aggressive bluff however is called fraud and is frowned on if detected and you are within the jurisdiction. In the City you can get away with a lot if you are a smooth unostentatious operator. People will often love you even after you have pocketed their cash. Not to be one of the mugs requires knowledge about what happens and why, so a would-be investor needs to have a firm grasp of the basics if only to show that you know this is not a very serious place and the people in it clever hucksters.
引言(2)
但你还是要小心，金融界里充满了靠游说谋生的人，小心这些人找上你。

如果你怀疑自己遇上一位专业说客，最有效的反愚弄的方法是坚持要他讲简单明了的英语，并把所有术语都解释清楚。

如果他们要你的钱，你就完全有理由要求他们说你听得懂的话，不要以模棱两可的话隐瞒真相。

如果他们不理你，还是用术语来对付你，你要小心。

他们兜售的东西可能太虚假，以致于要用语言的伪装来作掩护。

因此，你必须掌握足够的词汇，以识别那些牛皮，并作出漂亮的反击。

在金融界，尤其是在证券交易中，做不明确的吹嘘是为了避免被人看作是容易受骗的傻瓜。

明目张胆的吹嘘则是欺骗，招人侧目，一旦被抓住，要进班房。

在金融界里如果你是个不夸张卖弄的经营者，你会得到许多好处。

即使你把人们的钱揣进你的口袋里，他们也还是喜欢你。

别像傻瓜一样老是打听出了什么事，为什么会这样，弄得可能的投资者必须深刻理解基本情况，你所要做的只是表示出你知道这并不是人个很严肃的地方，里面的人们都是些聪明的贩子
THE STOCK EXCHANGE(1)
The first thing to remember is that you should never allow anyone to fool you into thinking there is something special or mysterious about the stock market or about shares.
Bank notes started as receipts from renaissance jewellers and financiers for gold deposited in their vaults. The receipts were therefore as good as gold but could be traded and exchanged much more easily. The stock market is a logical extension of this.
People are reluctant to lock their investment money into a company forever, so they recover the cash by selling the receipt. This ' market liquidity ' makes investors ever ready to stump up, which in turn makes it easier for busi nesses to raise capital.
什么是证券交易(1)
首先要记住股票和证券交易没什么特别或神秘的，不要让别人给吓唬住。

钞票最早是文艺复兴时期的珠宝商及金融家为储存在他们家地窖里的金子开的收据。

这些收据跟金子一样值钱，却比金子更易于使用和交换。

理论上讲证券交易市场就是这种行为的延伸。

人们不愿让投资在公司的钱永远固定在那里，于是他们卖掉收据，拿回现钱。

这种“市场流动资金”使投资者总是有能力做再投资，反过来也有利于商业部门筹集资金。

THE STOCK EXCHANGE(2)
That at least is the case for the exchange. It seems not to have noticed that by far the greatest portion of capital used by companies comes either from retained profits or from loans. And some companies got so disgusted by constant scrutiny and criticism they bought back the shares to get rid of the quote.
Seekers after certainty or even predictability are alarmed by the market. As was very succinctly stated; 'Anyone who thinks there is safety in numbers hasn't looked at the stock market page
什么是证券交易(2)
至少证券的交易部分是这样进行的。

似乎没有人注意到，迄今为止，公司所使用的资金大部分要么来自利润留存，要么来自贷款。

有些公司对于来自股东的不停的检查和挑剔不胜其烦，干脆买回股票，不再做上市公司。

追求股票可靠性或只是想预测其可靠性的人受到证券交易市场的警告。

就像某些简明的格言所说的：“任何相信数字可靠性的人没有看过证券交易记录”
THE STOCK EXCHANGE(3)
But there is nothing like a quick and easy profit with practically no risk, to tap universal greed; a rash of share options for employees plus privatization with soaring share prices created 12-13 million shareholders in the past ten Years. Some 20% of the adult population now owns a share directly - quite apart from the ones whose pensions and life assurance depend on the stock market.
Like existing shareholders with a little more cash in their pockets, some of these new capitalists are now wondering if it might be worth dabbling a second toe in the piranha pool, but are deterred by the arrogant effrontery of the jargon, and the high commissions charged by brokers trying to recover from the small saver what they dare not charge the important institutional client.
The important thing to have is confidence, for in fact it is relatively simple, and there are ways of minimizing costs. The basic principle is: `Take as much as you can get and pay no more than you can help.
什么是证券交易(3)
但没有什么事能像快速、方便、又没有实际风险地赚钱那么能煽动起人们的贪婪。

一度风行的公司内部股加上国有企业私营化，伴随上升的股市指数，使过去10年内产生出1200万~1300万个股民。

大约百分之二十的成年人现在手中直接拥有股票，还不包括那些养老金和人寿保险金依赖于证券市场的人们。

就像所有口袋里多了一些钱的股东一样，这些新生的资本家中有些人尝到了甜头，企图再次下海，却被那些傲慢无耻的专业术语吓唬住，不知如何行动。

而且经纪人也企图对小额投资者重征高额手续费，却不敢对他们的主要大机构主顾采取同样的措施。

重要的是你要保持自信，因为事实很简单，也有办法降低开支。

基本的原理是：“以你可以支付的代价，获取尽可能多的东西。

”
The Market(1)
There are two things to bear in mind. Firstly, the stock exchange is no different from a vegetable market (nor are the barrow boys). It is just a matter of learning the share equivalent of the difference between a Cox's Orange Pippin and a Jerusalem artichoke - though it may take a long time before you spot a lemon.
Secondly, the market needs you more than you need it. You can always put your cash into a building society or a sock under the mattress but without your investment market-makers would have to work for a living.
The rules therefore are: keep a grip on your impulse to spend, and be positive. Stockbrokers are like useful hounds; they have to be trained, so will need the occasional firm hand to ensure that they know who is boss
什么是证券交易市场(1)
关于证券交易市场有两件事要记住。

首先，证券交易市场跟农贸市场没什么两样（交易员跟小贩也没什么两样）。

你只是要学会识别股票中的高级考克斯苹果和耶路撤冷洋藓——即使你要花好长时间才能找到柠檬。

第二，市场需要你远甚于你需要市场。

你随时都可以把钱存到房屋互助协会或塞在袜子里藏到床垫下，而离开了你的投资，股票中间商们只好去摆地摊。

因此，你的行为准则是：控制你的购买欲，掌握主动权：股票经纪人就像好的猎狗，需要调教，你要时不时地收紧皮带，让他们知道谁是主人
The Market(2)
The stock market employs a number of professionals. When the dealing was personal, the Stock Exchange motto
`Dictum meum pactum' (my word is my bond) meant something, not just because most of them were gentlemen in those days, but because deals worth large sums of money were done on no more than a brief word and a jotted aide memoire in two notebooks. Now all is done via computer and such reliance on enlightened self-interest is unnecessary
什么是证券空易市场(2)
证券交易市场中有大量专业人员。

以前当交易还是通过私人关系进行时，证券交易格言“一言为定”还真有那么点作用，不仅因为那时的专业人员都是些正人君子，还因为大笔交易的成交只是以一个简单的字以及一些潦草的符号记在两本笔记本中完事。

如今，所有的交易都通过电脑进行，因此对于这种自律的要求也消失了。

Market-makers (1)
Dr Johnson was scornful of jobbers (the market-makers' predecessors) as 'an unnecessary collection of low fellows who speculate in the Funds and are of no benefit to anyone but themselves' . He might have been less charitable about their successors
什么是股票中间商(1)
约翰逊博士对股票批发商（中间商的前身）十分鄙视，称他们为“一群没有必要存在的，素质极差的人，他们对资金进行投机，只顾自己，不顾别人”。

可能约翰逊博士对他们的继承者更不仁慈
Market-makers (2)
A market-maker buys and sells on his own account and for his own profit. As a result he acts as a buffer to the surges of buying and selling from investors. When all the pressure is to sell, he markes down prices until the sellers are deterred and others smell a bargain. And the other way about.
The market-maker has two prices, say 108-112, which means he buys at 108p and sells at 112p. Prices that are quoted in the newspapers represent teh average of these two, the 'middle-market pric', just as published currency exchange rates are the mid-point of buying and selling prices.
The difference (between 108p and 112p), known as 'the spread', pays for his risk, his profit and his daily sandwiches. To say the market-maker has a big spread is a comment neither on his belly nor the farm he uses as tax-dodge, but a criticism of his market greed
什么是股票中间商(2)
股票中间商为自己的利益自行买卖股票。

因此他像说客一样在股市中兴风作浪，劝说投资者买他的股票。

如果大部分人要卖，他就把股价降低，直到卖的人认为不合算而停止抛售，另一些人则认为有利可图而开始买迸。

然后进入另半个升股价的过程。

中间商有两个价，比方说108一112，这表示他的买价是108便士，卖价是112便士。

报纸上登出的股价是这两个价钱的中间价，即“市场帄均价”，就像外汇牌价是它的买价和卖价的中间值一样。

差价（即108便士与112便士之间的4便士）称为”差额”，用来支付他的风险、他的利润以及他的日常开销。

形容一个股市中间商有个大差额，并不是指他的肚子大，也不是指他有逃税的农场，而是批评他对股市的贪婪。

Market-makers (3)
What a Market-maker does (2)
It is important to remember that market-makers are the sniff-the-breeze type of instinctive dealers. They have little idea what lies behind names like Shell or Barclays Bank and do not care. From newspapers, the gossip, and a feel for the ways markets behave even when being irr-ational, they sense the atmosphere and juggle their prices and their dealings.
They used to get very rich indeed but competition, nervous markets and being part of large conglomerates have dented the business. Market problems of this kind are the favourite topic of conversation. It will not be out of place to enquire
whether there may be too many market-makers, or to suggest, in a casual way, that there has not been enough growth in turnover to sustain them all, adding that the recent wariness of investors could ensure the difficulty continues. You might ask which may be the next to fall over.
Do not expect to deal with them direct. Market-makers have problems enough without having to cope with every eager small investor ringing up to negotiate each transac- tion, so they confine themselves to trading with brokers. If you are the British Rail pension fund or the Prudential they may deign to talk to you but if you have under a million pounds in your palm, forget it.
什么是股票中间商(3)
中间商的作用(2)
要记住股票中间商是一些靠嗅觉行事的商人。

他们对股票代表的公司（如壳牌公司，巴克莱银行）是什么样的公司知之甚少，也不感兴趣。

他们从报纸，小道消息，市场正常和不正常的表现中捕捉气氛的变化，从而制定他们的股票价格和交易方式。

他们曾经确实很富，但是竞争，市场波动以及大型联合企业的吞并使这个行业出现萎缩。

这一类股市问题现已成为热门话题。

你完全可以很得体地提出中间商是否太多了，或在谈话中顺便指出市场的成交量已不足以维持这么多中间商，并补充道，近来投资者的谨慎只会使这种困境持续下去。

你甚至可以说、这可能是下一个遭淘汰的行业。

你别指望跟股票中间商直接做交易。

即使不跟急吼吼的小投资者在电话中讨论交易，中间商们也已问题成堆，因此他们规定自己只跟经纪人打交道。

如果你管理英国铁路养老金基金或是谨慎保险公司的人，他们可能会放下架子跟你谈谈，但如果你手中没有个上百万镑的资金，趁早打消这个念头。

什么是股票中间商(3)
中间商的作用(2)
要记住股票中间商是一些靠嗅觉行事的商人。

他们对股票代表的公司（如壳牌公司，巴克莱银行）是什么样的公司知之甚少，也不感兴趣。

他们从报纸，小道消息，市场正常和不正常的表现中捕捉气氛的变化，从而制定他们的股票价格和交易方式。

他们曾经确实很富，但是竞争，市场波动以及大型联合企业的吞并使这个行业出现萎缩。

这一类股市问题现已成为热门话题。

你完全可以很得体地提出中间商是否太多了，或在谈话中顺便指出市场的成交量已不足以维持这么多中间商，并补充道，近来投资者的谨慎只会使这种困境持续下去。

你甚至可以说、这可能是下一个遭淘汰的行业。

你别指望跟股票中间商直接做交易。

即使不跟急吼吼的小投资者在电话中讨论交易，中间商们也已问题成堆，因此他们规定自己只跟经纪人打交道。

如果你管理英国铁路养老金基金或是谨慎保险公司的人，他们可能会放下架子跟你谈谈，但如果你手中没有个上百万镑的资金，趁早打消这个念头。

Brokers (1)
Brokers are the middlemen who do the buying on your behalf. As Disraeli said `It is well known what a middle-man is: he is a man who bamboozles one party and plunders the other'
What a Broker Does (1)
When you telephone a broker he or she swivels round to the computer screen with the Topic service, on which the SEAQ prices pages can be called up. There is no point trying to remember what all the acronyms stand for - the market men haven't got a clue, so why should you. You need only ask whether SEAQ is showing a large volume and whether market- makers are raising their limits
什么是经纪人(1)
经纪人是代你去买股票的掮客。

就像迪斯瑞里所说的：“众所周知捐客就是瞒骗一批人，抢劫另一批人。

”
经纪人的作用(1)
当你要买股票时，你打电话给经纪人，他们会去查看电脑的信息服务系统，从中查到SEA。

你没有必要记住这些简称代表的意思，连中间商、经纪人都不清楚，你干吗还非要知道呢？你所要问的只是SEAQ是否显示出大的交易量以及股市中间商是否在提高他们的成交规定
什么是经纪人(1)
经纪人是代你去买股票的掮客。

就像迪斯瑞里所说的：“众所周知捐客就是瞒骗一批人，抢劫另一批人。

”用(1)
当你要买股票时，你打电话给经纪人，他们会去查看电脑的信息服务系统，从中查到SEA。

你没有必要记住这些简称代表的意思，连中间商、经纪人都不清楚，你干吗还非要知道呢？你所要问的只是SEAQ是否显示出大的交易量以及股市中间商是否在提高他们的成交规定
什么是经纪人(1)
经纪人是代你去买股票的掮客。

就像迪斯瑞里所说的：“众所周知捐客就是瞒骗一批人，抢劫另一批人。

”的作用(1)
当你要买股票时，你打电话给经纪人，他们会去查看电脑的信息服务系统，从中查到SEA。

你没有必要记住这些简称代表的意思，连中间商、经纪人都不清楚，你干吗还非要知道呢？你所要问的只是SEAQ是否显示出大的交易量以及股市中间商是否在提高他们的成交规定
Brokers (2)
What a Broker Does (2)
If it is a popular company like Marks & Spencer or ICI there may be a dozen or more market-makers on the `page' displaying the buying and selling prices and also the size of `parcel' in which they are prepared to deal; 1 000 shares or 200 000, for instance. The broker merely looks down the screen, picks the market-maker displaying the best price and, if it is a piddling order, uses the SAEF automatic dealing system for small bargains just by pressing a few buttons. On a larger deal, a bit of horse-trading may take place over the phone especially if the trade is larger than the limit the market-maker has set.
That is all there really is to it. One may be forgiven for thinking that stockbroking requires neither skill nor intelligence, or wondering how they have the gall to demand high commissions.
Major financial institutions have their own SEAQ terminals and deal directly, small savers are obliged to use brokers. The only fun you can have is to vary your instructions. You can give full discretion to buy and sell on the price and even the timing, or instruct the broker to buy or sell ` at best' , or even within set limits
什么是经纪人(2)
经纪人的作用(2)
比较行俏的公司，如马莎公司或IC1，可能会有十几个中间商在SEAQ中报出他们的买价和卖价以及成交的最低股数——“包裹”，比如一次需买1000股或20万股。

经纪人看着屏幕，挑选其中最合适的、价格，如果是小额交易，只需转换到SAEF自动成交系统，按几个键就行了。

如果是大额交易，尤其是超过中间商设置的成交上限的大交易，可能还要在电话中进行一番讨价还价。

这就是经纪人要做的全部事情。

如果人们由此认为做股票经纪人既不需要技术也不需要智慧，或奇怪他们怎么还有脸收那么高的手续费，也是不足为奇的。

大的金融机构有他们自己的SEAQ终端，可以直接进行交易，小投资者必须通过经纪人做交易。

你唯一可以耍耍威风的地方是在指令上出花头。

你可以严格规定买价和卖价，甚至规定交易时间，或者要经纪人在“最好”的价格买或卖，还要在规定的股数之内，等等
Brokers (3)
Chinese Walls
Under the market roles brokers must deal at ` best execution' - i.e . the best price available at the time of dealing. The authorities keep a computer record of prices displayed throughout the day to enable them to check back on details at the time of the deal.
This is to ensure the broker does not bill you for a higher price than he paid, and to prevent the deal being put through the associated market-making firm at a rigged price. It certainly reduces the incidence but sharp lads can usually find a way. At least the range of ways the client can be exploited has been reduced.
The intention is to erect walls between various parts of a company to prevent the broker, market-maker, fund manager, and financial adviser within the one organisation getting an unscrupulous advantage. Why 'Chinese walls' nobody knows, but it is worth observing that the original is highly visible and expensive but failed in its primary task
什么是经纪人(3)
什么是中国长城
根据证券交易市场的管理法规，经纪人必须进行“最佳操作”——即按交易当时的最佳价格成交。

有关当局保存有全部的电脑价格记录，随时可以复查交易时的价格。

这保证了经纪人无法多收你的钱，也防止了沆瀣一气的中间商公司操纵股价。

法规减少了作假的机会〃但一些不择手段的家伙通常还是会找到对策。

但至少顾客被剥削的方法减少了。

证券交易法规的目的是在大的金融机构的不同部门之间竖起一道城墙，防止同一公司中的经纪人，股票中间商，基金管理经理，金融顾问获得本不应该得到的近水楼台的好处。

为什么把它称作“中国长城”？没人知道。

但是值得注意的是，下了这么大本钱修的这么巨大的一道城墙，却无法承担起它的最初使命。

Brokers (4)
Advice (1)
The broker's other function is to advise on investments. Being clue to the market and in touch with analysts, a broker is expected to have a better feel for what grow on i4 the market and why. But do not rely on it. Forecasting is always hazardous, especially of the future. Distrust anyone who claims to predict. it. for if they could tell you, they wouldn't, they would just grow rich themselves.
In any case, you will be lucky to find a broker who takes the trouble. For all the loud trumpeting about wider share ownership they are reluctant even to talk to small investors because time is money and fat salaries have to be justified in commission income.
Brokers issue regular circulars on companies or market sectors. These are fat booklets wing elaborate calculations on published figures and regurgitating all that the analyst was told over lunch by the company's finance director. Most professional investors file them in the nearest waste paper basket and the small investors might choose to do the same.
什么是经纪人(4)
经纪人的另一个功能是提供投资建议。

由于接近市场又跟金融分析家们很熟，人们认为经纪人一定对股市中发生的事情及其原因比较了解。

这种想法靠不住。

对市场作预测总是危险的，尤其是对期货。

不要相信任何人做的预测。

因为如果他们真的能预见到什么，他们就不会说出来了，他们要放着为自己发财。

而且，你也很难见到有经纪人干提建议的傻事。

虽然他们口头上高唱要壮大持股人的队伍，实际上都不愿搭理小投资者，因为时间就是金钱，只有手续费收入高才会带来高工资。

经纪人会定期出版上市公司或分类股市的通讯杂志。

这些厚厚的小册子提供对于已发表的数据所作的精心分析以及机械地照办财务董事在饭桌边对金融分析家说的话。

大多数专业投资者会把这些杂志直接丢到废纸篓里，小投资者也应照办
Brokers (5)
Advice (2)
Sensible people know that the big boys received the re- port long before the small-time spender caught sight of it, and if by chance there had been novelty or sound advice in the findings, they would long ago have acted, ensuring the market is no longer the one described in the report. At the very least, the price will have moved.
But brokers' circulars can be useful on occasions as background information, especially if prepared by one of the
better analysts. But keep one thing in mind: most people in broking have never done anything else. They would not know a machine tool if it bit them in the leg; working capital and debtor control are figures on a page; and a supervisor to them is a good sunshade.
To upstage a broker just ask what percentage of the analysts have industrial experience and whether the factory visits entail talking to somebody below the level of managing director. The true answers are zero and no, but listen carefully to the .elaborate justifications before you smile knowingly
什么是经纪人(5)
建议(2)
明事理的人都知道大投资者远比小投资者早拿到报告，万一它里面真有一些新点子或好主意，他们早就采取了行动、以确保市场已不像报告所说的那样。

至少，价格已经变化了。

有时可将经纪人的通讯杂志作为基础知识来读，尤其是那些好的分析家撰写的文章。

但要记住：经纪人对别的事一窍不通。

如果不是因为被割伤了腿；他们甚至还不知道什么是电动工具刀，对他们来说，可周转资金和债权控制只是纸上的数据，看管这些数据的，是一副好的太阳眼镜。

要想迫使经纪人就范，你只需问他那些金融分析家有多少人具有工业生产的实践经验，而且他们参观工厂时是否与管理层以下的员工作过交谈。

真正的答案应该是零和没有，然而你要先认真听取一番强词夺理的狡辩，然后报以一个意味深长的微笑
Brokers (6)
Advice (3)
If you want to be even more wounding you might ask how many analysts have recently been lost to poaching from other firms. This is snide but reflects the constant musical chairs. If the smug reply is ` none' ( rare if the person is truthful) you can trump it by wondering what was wrong with them, or by remarking that it must have cost the fine a bob or two to hang on to them. Never accept disclaimers about this for untruths are told internally about salaries to prevent a mutiny.
However, discussing your `portfolio' (you must always call your investments a portfolio even if the term covers just the minimum number of British Telecom shares) with a broker can help to clarify your own thoughts. The same applies to their macroeconomic forecasts
什么是经纪人(6)
建议(3)
如果你想进一步制服他们，你可以问最近有多少分析家被其它公司挖走了。

这很卑鄙，但点到了公司内走马灯般换人的实情。

如果回答是很体面的：“没有”（如果说话人诚实的话，这是不可能的），你可以打出你的王牌，说这些人都怎么了，或说公司肯定花了不少钱留住这些人。

别相信他们的抵赖，因为假话已间接证明了这种情况确实存在。