专业英语四级模拟试卷684(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级模拟试卷684 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE
KNOWLEDGE 4. CLOZE 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITING

PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether
the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be
done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and
third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase,
with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and
during this time you should check your work.

听力原文： Popping Ears When we travel by plane, our ears pop. Our ears
pop because of the change in air pressure / as the plane ascends or descends. / At
higher altitudes air pressure is lower even though the plane is pressurized. / Our ears
are sealed off inside our heads as the plane ascends or descends. / So the pressure
outside and inside our ears is different. / This difference in pressure can distort our ear
drums, thus we will feel painful.
1． Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to
you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen
and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will
be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The
last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check
your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once
more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Now, listen
to the passage. Popping Ears When we travel by plane, our ears pop.
________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_
_____________________________________________________________________
_
_____________________________________________________________________
_
_____________________________________________________________________
_

正确答案： Popping Ears When we travel by plane, our ears pop. Our ears
pop because of the change in air pressure / as the plane ascends or descends. / At
higher altitudes air pressure is lower even though the plane is pressurized. / Our ears
are sealed off inside our heads as the plane ascends or descends. / So the pressure
outside and inside our ears is different. / This difference in pressure can distort our ear
drums, thus we will feel painful.
PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk
ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in
is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet
for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.

听力原文： Sleep Deprivation Good morning, everyone. Welcome to
today’s lecture. Now tell me, do you have a good night’s sleep last night? How are
you feeling now? I’m always on the lookout for ways to transform my life and that of
my students. Sometimes we all go to great lengths to find the newest skill, habit or
capability to change our life. But if we looked a little closer to home we would find
one very simple, often overlooked thing we can do to make us happier, increase our
performance and improve our focus and attention. That thing is completely within our
control and is something we do every night. That thing is sleep. But, in today’s lecture,
I will focus on the opposite of it— What sleep deprivation will do to us. After a
bad night of sleep, we all typically feel distracted and off our mental game. But do
you really know all the ways a lack of sleep interferes with your cognitive
performance? Most of my patients are surprised to learn just how broadly it affects
their ability to think at their best. It’s difficult to identify a cognitive skill that isn’t
affected by sleep and compromised by sleep deprivation. That’s how pervasive the
effects of insufficient sleep are on the brain. Sleep deprivation can literally disrupt
levels of chemicals in the brain that affect thought, mood, and energy; leave key areas
of the brain in an “always on” state of activation; activate genes that interfere with
optimal brain activity. We’ve still got much to learn about the full effects of poor
and insufficient sleep on cognitive performance and health. But as you’re about to see,
what we know already offers many compelling reasons to make getting plenty of
sleep a top priority. First of all, you can’t focus well. Attention is especially
sensitive to the effects of sleep deprivation. You know this through experience when
you have trouble focusing on tasks after a night of poor sleep. Unfortunately, “a night
of poor sleep” is often a series of nights of poor sleep, leading to chronic sleep debt
and continually compromised attention. New research suggests that as many as
75% of people with ADHD may have a chronic, underlying sleep problem stemming
from a disruption to their circadian rhythms. Attention is about focus and
concentration— your ability to stay with tasks long enough to make meaningful
progress. For most of us, focus is key to both our performance and our sense of
purpose, in and away from work. Sleep deprivation makes focus harder to achieve.
Secondly, your reaction time slows down. Attention isn’t only about focusing on
big, thought-intensive tasks. It’s also about focusing on— and making sense of—
what’s important right now. Remember those sluggish brain cells that result from
being sleep deprived? Scientists in that recent study found that sleep deprivation
slowed down neural cells’ ability to absorb visual information and translate that visual
data into conscious thought. Research shows reaction times are dulled as much by