高中英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解

英语阅读理解解题策略与技巧

1. 理解文章主旨和要义；

2. 理解文中具体信息；

3. 根据上下文推断生词词义；

4. 作出简单的推断和判断；

5. 理解文章篇章结构；

通过详细分析历年高考英语试卷，我们可将阅读理解归纳为以下几种题型：主旨大意题，细节理解题，推理判断题（含写作意图、目的等），词义猜测题。英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略是学生提高阅读理解多需要具备的。

一、细节理解题（比例较大）

考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等；议论文中例证细节；定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。

解题：定信息区间，比对定答案。

技法：题干定位法、转换法、首尾排除法、查读分析法。

1. 事实细节题→题干定位法（先读题，带着题干信息快速浏览全文）

分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。常见命题形式有：

①What can we learn from the passage?

②All the following are mentioned except .

③Which of the following is mentioned (not mentioned)?

④Which of the following statements is true/right/false/wrong about…?

★真题范例

(2012江西卷)

………

Mark had been scolded before for touching his father’s equipment. But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.

………

56．Why did Mark touch the computer against his father’s warning?

A．He wanted to take a voyage. B．He wanted to practice his skill

C．He was so much attracted by it. D．He was eager to do an experiment.

(2016 全国III卷)

Music…

Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference). Big name shows all summer long!

..........

24. How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places?

A. It has seats in the open air.

B. It gives shows all year round.

C. It offers membership discounts.

D. It presents famous musical works.

2. 排列顺序题→首尾定位法（找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，用排除法缩小范围）

常出现在记叙文和说明文中，一般按事件发生的顺序。常见命题形式有：

①Which of the following is the correct order of…?

②Which of the following shows the path of signals described in Paragraph…?

★真题范例

（2011山东卷）

Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.

…….

The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.

……..

73. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?

A. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair

B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair

C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair

D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair

3.细读分析法→查读分析法

根据题目所给的信息，在原文中寻找答案

★真题范例（2016 江苏卷C）

2. Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.

3.…