常见从句的翻译

22. She insisted on buying another pair of roller skates, which she had no use of.
她坚持要再买一双溜冰鞋，尽管她还用不着。（译成让步状从）
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23. Rose took Chinese medicine which relieved her symptoms. 罗斯服了中药，结果缓解了症状。（译成结果状从） 24. There is no bad habit that may not be cured by a strong willpower.
aloof and arrogant.
他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，而不喜欢冷漠高傲的
哥哥。
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II . 译成后置定语
A、一些结构比较复杂，或者意思上有较强的独立性的 限制性定语从句，通常可译为后置的并列句。采取这 种译法往往要重复关系代词所代替的词，比如：有时 可在此词之前加指示词“这”、“这些”或人称代词 “他”、“他们”等等，来使译文明确。 7. This volume is prepared as examples for writing compositions which, as it were, has been taken as a
purchased by a course of unmerited fatigue, and by
victories which almost exceeded belief. 他们对那些酬劳看来是很得意的，那些酬劳是他们历 经千辛万苦，通过取得令人难以置信的胜利得来的。
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15. I told the story to John, who to his brother.
只有你才能做这件事。
19. He has a son of twenty who is now at the college.
他有个二十岁的儿子现在正上大学。
20. This was the first time I had serious trouble
with my leader.
这是我第一次和领导发生严重纠葛。
据我所知， 英语里并没有这个单词。
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II. 状语从句译在主句之前
4. She is sure to come unless she has some urgent business. 除非她有急事，她一定回来的。
5. Please turn off the light when you leave the dormitory
离开宿舍，请关上电灯。
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III. 状语从句转译成其他类型的状语从句
11. Skill and patience will succeed where force fails.
在体力做不到的时候，技巧和耐心会帮助人成功。 （地点状从译为时间状从）
12. Though not in substance, yet in form, economic reforms are at first a nation-wide revolution. 如果不就内容而就形式而言，经济改革首先就是一场 全国性的革命。（让步状从译为条件状从）
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常见句型的翻译——状语从句的翻译 练习 1. You may do as you please.
2. When you have tanks of air on you, you can stay in deep water for a long time.
3. Where there is a will, there is a way.
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IV. 译成状语
有些定语从句从形式上看是定语，但在意义上与主句有逻辑状 语关系，对主句其原因、结果、目的、条件、让步等状语作用， 翻译时应尽可能按照其语法功能，译成与汉语相对应的复句。 21. The computer, which seems to play the role of a human brain, is often called an electronic brain. 由于计算机起着类似人脑的作用，所以常常被称作电脑。（译成 原因状从）
定语从句的翻译 Translation of Attributive Clauses
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I、译成前置定语
一般说来，限制性的定语从句可提前译成定语。还 有一些定语从句，虽然并不明显地带有限制性质，但本 身较短，和被修饰语的关系紧密，也可译成前置定语。 1. To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who need them. 诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也许能为许多需要工作的人 提供就业机会。 2. This is the solider who just returned from the front. 这是刚从前线回来的战士。
collection, I picked up in American.
这些书是我在美国买的,它们在我的藏书中只占一小部分。
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13. She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心，而她丈夫却很少这样。 14. They seem to enjoy those rewards which they had
(=and he) told it
我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟 弟。
这种采取后置的办法来处理非限制性定语从句， 一般也使用指示代词来重复英语关系代词所代 表的含义。
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III、溶合译法
溶合法就是把原句子中的主语和定语从句溶合 在一起译成一个独立句子的翻译方法。另外， 由于限制性定语从句与主句的关系密切，所以， 限制性定语从句似乎更适合采用溶合法。英语 中突出的 “there be” 句型就是这样处理的。
10. Day light comes from the sun, which is a mass of hot, glowing gas.
日光来自太阳，太阳是一团炽热、发光与先行词的关系不十分密切，只 是对先行词加以说明、描述或解释，或对整个句子所陈 述的事实或现象加以总结、补充说明，其前都有逗号分 开。在汉译时一般译为后置并列分句。如： 11.He blamed me for everything, which I thought very unfair. 他把一切错误都归罪于我，我认为这很不公平。 12. These books, which are only a small part of my
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13. Why did you give up when you could make it? 既然你能成功，干嘛要放弃呢？（时间状从译 为让步状从） 14. She sang resonantly, if slightly nasally. 她唱歌声音洪亮，尽管鼻音略显重了些 （条件状从译为让步状从）
difficult task.
本书旨在为写作提供范例，可以说写作是一个难题。
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8. Matter is composed of molecules that are composed of atoms. 物质是由分子组成的，而分子又是由原子组成的。 9. But listen, I met a man, who said you could solve this problem. 听着， 我遇见一个人，这个人说你是有权解决这个问 题的。
只要有坚强的意志，就没有什么坏习惯改不掉。
（译成条件状从） 25. The newswoman wishes to write an article that will attract public attention to shipwreck. 这位女记者想写篇文章， 以便能够引起公众对那起沉 船事件的注意。（译成目的状语从句）
可是，近几年来人们开始意识到城市也是问题 成堆的地方。
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当然，有些起附加说明作用的非限制性定
语从句，对先行词也有不同程度的修饰限制作 用，有时也可以译为前置定语。 5. He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was
4. We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door. 5. Tragedies can be written in literature since there is tragedy in life.
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常见句型的翻译——定语从句的翻译 练习
1. A rocket engine can work in space where there is no air. 2. She has invited me to visit her family, which is very kind of her . 3. He would be a short-sighted man who did not look beyond. 4. There is something original, independent and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. 5. Here is the man whom you have been looking for. 6. Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing.
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18. As he had lots of time, he decided to go to the embankment first. 时间还早，他决定先到河岸大道去一下。 （内含因果关系的并列句） 19. I was just going to explain, when the bell rang. 我正要解释，铃声响了。（译成并列句）
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16. There are many people who want
to select this major.
许多人要选这个专业。 17. There is a man downstairs who
wants to see you.
楼下有人要见你。
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18.You are the only person who could do it.
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3. 成都——一个你来了就不想离开的城市。
Chengdu—A city you will never want to say goodbye after arrival.
4. In recent years, however, people have begun to become aware that cities are also areas where there is a concentration of problems.
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IV. 状语从句译成非状语从句
• 16. The boy shouted as he ran.
那个男孩一边跑，一边喊。（译成并列句）
• 17. If you melt two or more metals
together, you can get a new metal. 将两种以上的金属熔化在一起，就可以产生一种 新金属。（译成复合句的主语）
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状语从句的翻译 Translation of Adverbial Clauses
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状语从句的翻译
I. 按照原文顺序译出状语从句
1. If you do not mind, I will turn off the heating. 如果你不介意，我就把暖气关上了。
2. As far as I know, there isn’t such a word in English.