柯林斯词典版-人教版高中英语选修7U1词汇表

M7 Unit 1
1. disability[dɪsə'bɪlɪtɪ] ( disabilities )n. 伤残；无力；无能
1. N-COUNT A disability is a permanent injury, illness, or physical or mental condition that tends to restrict the way that someone can live their life. (身体或精神方面的) 残疾
例：Facilities for people with disabilities are still insufficient.
供残疾人使用的设施仍然不足。

2. N-UNCOUNT Disability is the state of being disabled. 残疾状态
例：Disability can make extra demands on financial resources because the disabled need extra care.
残疾会增加额外经济需求，因为残疾人需要特别护理。

2. disabled [dɪs'eɪbld]adj.伤残的
1. ADJ Someone who is disabled has an illness, injury, or condition that tends to restrict the way that they can live their life, especially by making it difficult for them to move about. 残疾的
例：...an insight into the practical problems encountered by disabled people in the workplace. …对残疾人在工作场所遇到的实际困难的深入了解。

2. N-PLURAL People who are disabled are sometimes referred to as the disabled. 残疾人例：There are toilet facilities for the disabled.
有供残疾人使用的盥洗设施。

3. hearing ['hɪərɪŋ]（hearings ) n. 听力；听觉
1. N-UNCOUNT A person's or animal's hearing is the sense which makes it possible for them to be aware of sounds. 听力
例：His mind still seemed clear and his hearing was excellent.
他的头脑看来依然清醒，而且听力极好。

2. N-COUNT A hearing is an official meeting which is held in order to collect facts about an incident or problem. 听证会
例：After more than two hours of pandemonium, the judge adjourned the hearing until next Tuesday.
在两个多小时的混乱之后，法官暂时中止了听证会，将其延至下周二。

3. PHRASE If someone gives you a fair hearing or a hearing, they listen to you when you give your opinion about something. 发表意见的机会
例：Weber gave a fair hearing to anyone who held a different opinion.
韦伯让任何持有不同意见的人有发言的机会。

4. PHRASE If someone says something in your hearing or within your hearing, you can hear what they say because they are with you or near you. 某人听得见的范围内
例：No one spoke disparagingly of her father in her hearing.
没有人在她跟前说过她父亲的坏话。

4. eyesight /ˈaɪˌsaɪt/ n. 视力
1. N-UNCOUNT Your eyesight is your ability to see. 视力
例：He suffered from poor eyesight and could no longer read properly.
他视力不好了，再也不能正常地阅读。

5. △syndrome /ˈsɪndrəʊm/( syndromes ) n. 综合病征；综合症状
1. N-COUNT/N-IN-NAMES A syndrome is a medical condition that is characterized by a particular group of signs and symptoms. 综合症状
例：Irritable bowel syndrome seems to affect more women than men.
肠易激综合症对女性比对男性影响更大。

6. △infantile paralysis
poliomyelitis /ˌpəʊlɪəʊˌmaɪəˈlaɪtɪs/小儿麻痹
1. N-UNCOUNT Poliomyelitis is the same as . 同polio[医学]
7. △Rosalyn n. 罗莎琳（女名）
8. lap /læp/( lapping, lapped, laps ) n. 跑道的一圈；重叠部分；（人坐着时）大腿的上方1. N-COUNT If you have something on your lap when you are sitting down, it is on top of your legs and near to your body. (人坐着时的) 大腿部
例：She waited quietly with her hands in her lap.
她双手放在大腿上静静地等候。

2. N-COUNT In a race, a competitor completes a lap when they have gone around a course once. (跑道的) 一圈
例：...that last lap of the race.
…比赛的最后一圈。

3. V-T In a race, if you lap another competitor, you go past them while they are still on the previous lap. 比…领先一圈
例：He then built a 10-bike lead before lapping his first rider on lap 14.
他领先了10辆自行车的距离，然后在第14圈又超过了前一个车手一圈。

4. N-COUNT A lap of a long journey is one part of it, between two points where you stop. 一段行程
例：I had thought we might travel as far as Oak Valley, but we only managed the first lap of the journey.
我原以为我们可以到达橡树谷，但是我们仅仅完成了行程的第一段。

5. V-I When water laps against something such as the shore or the side of a boat, it touches it gently and makes a soft sound. 轻拍[书面]
例：...the water that lapped against the pillars of the boathouse.
…水轻拍着船屋的柱子。

例：With a rising tide the water was lapping at his chin before rescuers arrived.
在救生员到达之前，上涨的潮水打着了他的下巴。

6. lapping N-UNCOUNT轻拍
例：The only sound was the lapping of the waves.
惟一的声音是浪涛的拍打声。

7. N the act or sound of lapping 拍打; 拍打声
8. V-T When an animal laps a drink, it uses short quick movements of its tongue to take liquid up into its mouth. (动物) 舐食
例：It lapped milk from a dish.
它从一个盘子里舐食牛奶。

9. PHRASAL VERB Lap up means the same as . 舐食
例：She poured some water into a plastic bowl. Faust, her Great Dane, lapped it up with relish. 她往一个塑料碗里倒了些水，她的丹麦大狗福斯特津津有味地舐食起来。

9. ambition /æmˈbɪʃən/( ambitions ) n. 雄心；野心
1. N-COUNT If you have an ambition to do or achieve something, you want very much to do it or achieve it. 理想
例：His ambition is to sail around the world.
他的理想是航行环游世界。

2. N-UNCOUNT Ambition is the desire to be successful, rich, or powerful. 雄心
例：Even when I was young I never had any ambition.
即使当我年轻的时候我也从未有过什么雄心。

10. ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/ adj. 有雄心的；有野心的
1. ADJ Someone who is ambitious has a strong desire to be successful, rich, or powerful. 雄心勃勃的
例：Chris is so ambitious, so determined to do it all.
克里斯是如此雄心勃勃，如此坚决地要把它做完。

2. ADJ An ambitious idea or plan is on a large scale and needs a lot of work to be carried out successfully. 宏大的
例：The ambitious project was completed in only nine months.
这个宏大的项目在仅仅9个月之内就完成了。

11. dictation /dɪkˈteɪʃən/ n. 口授；听写（的文字）
1. N-UNCOUNT Dictation is the speaking or reading aloud of words for someone else to write down. 口授; 听写
例：...taking dictation from the dean of the graduate school.
…记录研究生院院长的口述。

12. △Sally n. 萨利（女名）
13. noisy ['nɒɪzɪ] ( noisier, noisiest ) n. 吵闹的；嘈杂的
1. ADJ A noisy person or thing makes a lot of loud or unpleasant noise. 喧闹的; 有噪音的例：...my noisy old typewriter.
…我的噪音大的旧打字机。

2. noisily ADV喧闹地; 有噪音地
例：The students on the grass bank cheered noisily.
学生们在草堤上喧闹地欢呼。

3. ADJ A noisy place is full of a lot of loud or unpleasant noise. 嘈杂的
例：It's a noisy place with film clips showing constantly on one of the cafe's giant screens.
这是一个嘈杂的地方，电影片断不停地在咖啡厅其中一个大屏幕上放映。

例：The baggage hall was crowded and noisy.
行李大厅拥挤而嘈杂。

4. ADJ If you describe someone as noisy, you are critical of them for trying to attract attention to their views by frequently and forcefully discussing them. 过分渲染的; 哗众取宠的
例：It might, at last, silence the small but noisy intellectual clique.
它或许最终能让那个人数不多却哗众取宠的知识分子群体安静下来。

14. suitable /ˈsuːtəbəl/ adj. 适合的；适宜的
1. ADJ Someone or something that is suitable for a particular purpose or occasion is right or acceptable for it. 适合的
例：Employers usually decide within five minutes whether someone is suitable for the job.
雇主们通常在5分钟内判断出某人是否适合那份工作。

2. suitability N-UNCOUNT适合
例：rmation on the suitability of a product for use in the home.
…有关一项产品家庭适用性的信息。

15. entry ['entrɪ] ( entries ) n. 项目；进入；入口
1. N-UNCOUNT If you gain entry to a particular place, you are able to go in. 进入许可
例：You can gain entry to the club only through a member.
你只有通过一位会员才能进入该俱乐部。

例：Entry to the museum is free.
这座博物馆免费参观。

2. PHRASE No Entry is used on signs to indicate that you are not allowed to go into a particular area or go through a particular door or gate. 禁止入内
3. N-COUNT You can refer to someone's arrival in a place as their entry, especially when you think that they are trying to be noticed and admired. 驾到; 莅临
例：He made his triumphal entry into Mexico City.
他胜利进入了墨西哥城。

4. N-UNCOUNT Someone's entry into a particular society or group is their joining of it. 加入例：...China's entry into the World Trade Organization.
…中国的入世。

5. N-COUNT An entry in a diary, account book, computer file, or reference book is a short piece of writing in it. (日记中的) 简短记录; (账簿中的) 账目; (计算机文档或参考书中的) 条目
例：Violet's diary entry for April 20, 1917 records Brigit admitting to the affair.
维奥莉特1917年4月20日的日记简短记录着布里吉特承认此事。

6. N-COUNT An entry for a competition is a piece of work, a story or drawing, or the answers to a set of questions, which you complete in order to take part in the competition. 参赛作品; 参赛答卷
例：The closing date for entries is December 31.
参赛作品提交的截止日期是12月31日。

7. N-SING Journalists sometimes use entry to refer to the total number of people taking part in an event or competition. For example, if a competition has an entry of twenty people, twenty people take part in it. 参加总人数
例：Our competition has attracted a huge entry.
我们的比赛已吸引了大量参赛者。

8. N-UNCOUNT Entry in a competition is the act of taking part in it. 参加
例：Entry to this competition is by invitation only.
此次竞赛的参赛只凭邀请函。

9. N-COUNT The entry to a place is the way into it, for example a door or gate. 入口例：...the towering marble archway that marked the entry to the Pelican Point development. …标志着鹈鹕顶开发区入口的、高耸的大理石拱门。

16. beneficial [benɪ'fɪʃ(ə)l] adj. 有益的；受益的
1. ADJ Something that is beneficial helps people or improves their lives. 有帮助的例：...vitamins that are beneficial to our health.
…有益我们健康的维生素。

17. △Marty 马蒂?菲尔丁
18. in other words 换句话说
19. clumsy ['klʌmzɪ] ( clumsier, clumsiest ) adj. 笨拙的
1. ADJ A clumsy person moves or handles things in a careless, awkward way, often so that things are knocked over or broken. 笨拙的
例：I'd never seen a clumsier, less coordinated boxer.
我还从未见过更加笨拙、更不协调的拳击手。

2. clumsily ADV笨拙地[ADV with v]
例：In the sudden pitch darkness, she scrambled clumsily toward the ladder.
在突如其来的一片漆黑中，她笨手笨脚地爬向梯子。

3. ADJ A clumsy action or statement is not skilful or is likely to upset people. 笨拙的; 不得当的
例：The action seemed a clumsy attempt to topple the government.
那个企图推翻政府的行动似乎并不得当。

4. clumsily ADV笨拙地; 不得当地
例：If the matter were handled clumsily, it could cost Miriam her life.
如果问题处理不当，可能会断送米里亚姆的性命。

20. bump vi. [bʌmp] ( bumping, bumped, bumps )碰撞；撞击
1. V-T/V-I If you bump into something or someone, you accidentally hit them while you are moving. 撞上
例：They stopped walking and he almost bumped into them.
他们停下了脚步，这下他几乎撞到他们。

例：She bumped her head against a low branch.
她的头撞到一根低矮的树枝上。

2. N-COUNT Bump is also a noun. 碰撞
例：Small children often cry after a minor bump.
小孩子们在轻微的碰撞后常常会哭。

3. N-COUNT A bump is the action or the dull sound of two heavy objects hitting each other. 碰撞; 碰撞声
例：I felt a little bump and I knew instantly what had happened.
我感到了一下轻轻的撞击，立刻就明白发生了什么。

4. N-COUNT A bump is a minor injury or swelling that you get if you bump into something or if something hits you. 肿块
例：She fell against our coffee table and got a large bump on her forehead.
她撞到了我们的咖啡桌跌倒了，前额起了一个大包。

5. N-COUNT A bump on a road is a raised, uneven part. (路面) 隆起部分
例：The truck hit a bump and bounced.
卡车开到了路面上一块隆起的地方，颠簸起来。

6. V-I If a vehicle bumps over a surface, it travels in a rough, bouncing way because the surface is very uneven. 颠簸行驶
例：We left the road, and again bumped over the mountainside.
我们离开公路，又一次在山坡上颠簸行驶。

21. outgoing['aʊtgəʊɪŋ] adj. 外向的；友好的；外出的；离开的
1. ADJ Outgoing things such as planes, mail, and passengers are leaving or being sent somewhere. 往外去的[ADJ n]
例：All outgoing flights were grounded.
所有的离港航班都停飞了。

2. ADJ Someone who is outgoing is very friendly and likes meeting and talking to people. 友好的; 喜欢交际的
例：She's very outgoing.
她非常友好。

3. ADJ You use outgoing to describe a person in charge of something who is soon going to leave that position. 行将离职的[ADJ n]
例：...the outgoing director of the International Folk Festival.
…即将卸任的国际民俗节负责人。

22. adapt /əˈdæpt/( adapting, adapted, adapts ) vt. 使适应；改编
1. V-T/V-I If you adapt to a new situation or adapt yourself to it, you change your ideas or behaviour in order to deal with it successfully. 适应
例：The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change.
这个世界将会不同，所以我们必须准备好适应变化。

2. V-T If you adapt something, you change it to make it suitable for a new purpose or situation. 改装
例：Shelves were built to adapt the library for use as an office.
做了个书架，以便将这个图书馆改作一个办公室用。

3. See Also: adapted
23. adapt to 适合
24. bench n. [ben(t)ʃ] ( benches )长凳
1. N-COUNT A bench is a long seat of wood or metal that two or more people can sit on. 长凳
例：He sat down on a park bench.
他在一条公园的长凳上坐下来。

2. N-COUNT A bench is a long, narrow table in a factory or laboratory. (工厂、实验室的) 工作台
例：...the laboratory bench.
…实验室工作台。

3. N-SING-COLL In a court of law, the bench is the judge or magistrates. 法官
例：The chairman of the bench adjourned the case until October 27.
首席法官将该案延至到10月27日。

25. cut out 切去；省略；停止（做某事）
1. ADJ If you are not cut out for a particular type of work, you do not have the qualities that are needed to be able to do it well. 合适的
例：I left medicine anyway. I wasn't really cut out for it.
我还是不再从医。

我不太合适干那个。

2. PHRASAL VERB If you cut something out, you remove or separate it from what surrounds it using scissors or a knife. 剪下
例：I cut it out and pinned it to my studio wall.
我把它剪了下来，钉在我工作室的墙上。

3. PHRASAL VERB If you cut out a part of a text, you do not print, publish, or broadcast that part, because to include it would make the text too long or unacceptable. 删掉
例：I listened to the programme and found they'd cut out all the interesting stuff.
我听了那个节目，发现他们已经删掉了所有有趣的内容。

4. PHRASAL VERB To cut out something unnecessary or unwanted means to remove it completely from a situation. For example, if you cut out a particular type of food, you stop eating it, usually because it is bad for you. 戒除
例：I've simply cut egg yolks out entirely.
我已经根本不吃蛋黄了。

5. PHRASAL VERB If an object cuts out the light, it is between you and the light so that you are in the dark. 遮挡
例：The curtains were half drawn to cut out the sunlight.
窗帘拉上了一半以遮挡阳光。

6. PHRASAL VERB If an engine cuts out, it suddenly stops working. 突然熄火
例：The helicopter crash landed when one of its two engines cut out.
直升飞机两个发动机中的一个突然熄火时，直升机撞地着陆。

26. microscope ['maɪkrəskəʊp] ( microscopes ) n. 显微镜
1. N-COUNT A microscope is a scientific instrument which makes very small objects look bigger so that more detail can be seen. 显微镜
27. out of breath 上气不接下气
28. absence /ˈæbsəns/( absences ) n. 缺席；不在某处
1. N-V AR Someone's absence from a place is the fact that they are not there. 缺席
例：...a bundle of letters which had arrived for me in my absence.
…我不在的时候寄给我的一捆信。

2. N-SING The absence of something from a place is the fact that it is not there or does not exist. 不存在
例：The presence or absence of clouds can have an important impact on temperature.
云的有无对气温会产生重要影响。

29. fellow ['feləʊ] adj. 同伴的；同类的
1. Adj. is a written abbreviation for . 形容词
30. annoy [ə'nɒɪ] ( annoying, annoyed, annoys ) vt. 使……不悦；惹恼
1. V-T If someone or something annoys you, it makes you fairly angry and impatient. 使心烦例：Try making a note of the things that annoy you.
试着把让你心烦的事记下来。

例：It annoyed me that I didn't have time to do more ironing.
没有时间熨更多的衣服让我心烦了。

2. See Also: annoyed, annoying
31. annoyed [ə'nɔɪd] adj. 颇为生气的
1. ADJ If you are annoyed, you are fairly angry about something. 恼怒的
例：She is hurt and annoyed that the authorities have banned her from working with children.
她因当局禁止她做儿童工作而伤心恼怒。

32. annoyance [ə'nɒɪəns] ( annoyances ) n. 烦恼
1. N-UNCOUNT Annoyance is the feeling that you get when someone makes you feel fairly angry or impatient. 厌烦
例：To her annoyance the stranger did not go away.
让她厌烦的是这个陌生人没有离开。

2. N-COUNT An annoyance is something that makes you feel angry or impatient. 烦人的事物
例：Snoring can be more than an annoyance.
打呼噜不只是一桩烦人的事。

33. all in all 总而言之
34. firm [fɜːm] ( firmer, firmest, firms ) n. 公司adj.结实的；坚固的；坚定的
1. N-COUNT A firm is an organization which sells or produces something or which provides a service which people pay for. 公司
例：The firm's employees were expecting large bonuses.
这家公司的雇员们正期待着大笔的奖金。

例：...a legal assistant at a Chicago law firm.
…一家芝加哥律师事务所的一名法律助理。

2. ADJ If something is firm, it does not change much in shape when it is pressed but is not completely hard. 结实的
例：Fruit should be firm and in excellent condition.
水果应该硬实且完好无损。

3. ADJ If someone's grip is firm or if they perform a physical action in a firm way, they do it with quite a lot of force or pressure but also in a controlled way. 强有力的
例：The quick handshake was firm and cool.
那次迅速的握手有力而冷静。

4. firmly ADV强有力地[ADV after v]
例：She held me firmly by the elbow and led me to my aisle seat.
她使劲抓着我的胳膊肘，把我领到靠过道的座位上。

5. ADJ If you describe someone as firm, you mean they behave in a way that shows that they are not going to change their mind, or that they are the person who is in control. 坚定的
例：She had to be firm with him. "I don't want to see you again."
她不得不坚定地对他说：“我再也不想见到你。

”
6. firmly ADV坚定地[ADV with v]
例："A good night's sleep is what you want," he said firmly.
“好好睡上一晚才是你需要的，”他坚定地说。

7. ADJ A firm decision or opinion is definite and unlikely to change. 确定的
例：He made a firm decision to leave Fort Multry by boat.
他作出了明确的决定，要乘船离开穆尔特里堡。

8. firmly ADV确定地
例：Political values and opinions are firmly held, and can be slow to change.
政治价值观和主张是根深蒂固的，要改变可能会很慢。

9. ADJ Firm evidence or information is based on facts and so is likely to be true. 确凿的; 确切的[ADJ n]
例：This man may have killed others but unfortunately we have no firm evidence.
这名男子可能还杀过别的人，只可惜我们没有确凿的证据。

10. ADJ You use firm to describe control or a basis or position when it is strong and unlikely to be ended or removed. (控制) 牢固的; (根基等) 稳固的
例：Although the Yakutians are a minority, they have firm control of the territory.
虽然雅库特人是少数，但他们却牢牢地控制着这个地区。

11. firmly ADV牢固地; 稳固地
例：This tradition is also firmly rooted in the past.
这个传统也牢固地植根于过去。

12. ADJ If something is firm, it does not shake or move when you put weight or pressure on it, because it is strongly made or securely fastened. 稳固的
例：If you have to climb up, use a firm platform or a sturdy ladder.
如果你必须爬上去，就用一个稳固的平台或者一个结实的梯子。

13. firmly ADV稳固地
例：The front door is locked and all the windows are firmly shut.
前门被锁，所有的窗户都关得牢牢地。

14. PHRASE If someone stands firm, they refuse to change their mind about something. 立场坚定
例：The council is standing firm against the protest.
市政会对抗议毫不让步。

15. V to make or become firm 使坚固; 确实
35. software ['sɒf(t)weə]n. 软件
1. N-UNCOUNT Computer programs are referred to as software. Compare . 软件[计算机] 例：...the people who write the software for big computer projects.
…大型计算机项目的软件开发人员。

36. sit around 闲坐着
37. as well as 和；也
38. parrot /ˈpærət/( parroting, parroted, parrots ) n. 鹦鹉
1. N-COUNT A parrot is a tropical bird with a curved beak and brightly-coloured or grey feathers. Parrots can be kept as pets. Some parrots are able to copy what people say. 鹦鹉
2. V-T If you disapprove of the fact that someone is just repeating what someone else has said, often without really understanding it, you can say that they are parroting it. 鹦鹉学舌般地重复例：Generations of students have learned to parrot the standard explanations.
一届又一届的学生学会了鹦鹉学舌般地重复标准的解
39. tank /tæŋk/( tanking, tanked, tanks ) n. （盛液体、气体的）大容器；缸；大桶
1. N-COUNT A tank is a large container for holding liquid or gas. (盛放液体或气体的) 罐; 箱; 槽
例：...an empty fuel tank.
…一个空的燃料罐。

例：Two water tanks provide a total capacity of 400 litres.
两个水箱的总容量为400升。

2. N-COUNT A tank is a large military vehicle that is equipped with weapons and moves along on metal tracks that are fitted over the wheels. 坦克
3. V-I If something such as a stock price or a movie tanks, it performs very badly, for example because it loses a lot of money. 表现得很糟糕[非正式]
例：Tech stocks have tanked.
科技股票已经表现得很糟糕了。

例：The movie, which cost $137 million, tanked, grossing only $32 million.
这部电影，花了1.37亿美元，表现得很糟糕，票房总收入只有3200万美元。

例：His career tanked after the show left the air.
这个节目不再播放后，他的事业就变得很糟糕。

40. tortoise ['tɔːtəs; -tɒɪz] ( tortoises ) n. 陆龟；龟
1. N-COUNT A tortoise is a slow-moving animal with a shell into which it can pull its head and legs for protection. 龟
in many ways 在很多方面
41. psychology [saɪ'kɒlədʒɪ] n. 心理（学）
1. N-UNCOUNT Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and the reasons for people's behaviour. 心理学
例：...Professor of Psychology at Haverford College.
…海沃福德学院的心理学教授。

2. N-UNCOUNT The psychology of a person is the kind of mind that they have, which makes them think or behave in the way that they do. 心理
例：...a fascination with the psychology of murderers.
…对谋杀犯心理的强烈兴趣。

42. psychologically [saɪkə'lɑdʒɪkli]
43. make fun of 取笑
44. encouragement [ɪn'kʌrɪdʒm(ə)nt] ( encouragements ) n. 鼓励；奖励
1. N-V AR Encouragement is the activity of encouraging someone, or something that is said or done in order to encourage them. 鼓励; 起鼓励作用的事物
例：Friends gave me a great deal of encouragement.
朋友们给了我极大的鼓励。

45. conduct ( conducting, conducted, conducts ) n. 行为；品行vt.指挥；管理；主持
动词读作kənˈdʌkt。

名词读作ˈkɒndʌkt。

1. V-T When you conduct an activity or task, you organize it and do it. 组织并实施
例：I decided to conduct an experiment.
我决定做一项实验。

2. V-T If you conduct yourself in a particular way, you behave in that way. (以某种方式) 表现
例：The way he conducts himself reflects on the family.
他的行为方式折射出他的家庭。

3. V-T/V-I When someone conducts an orchestra or choir, they stand in front of it and direct its performance. 指挥(交响乐、合唱等)
例：Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting opera.
丹尼斯最近成功地开始了指挥歌剧的生涯。

例：Solti continued to conduct here and abroad.
佐尔蒂继续在国内外指挥。

4. V-T If something conducts heat or electricity, it allows heat or electricity to pass through it or along it. 传导(热、电) [no cont]
例：Water conducts heat faster than air.
水比空气导热快。

5. N-SING The conduct of a task or activity is the way in which it is organized and carried out. 进行实施
例：Also up for discussion will be the conduct of free and fair elections.
还需讨论的是公平自由的选举如何进行。

6. N-UNCOUNT Someone's conduct is the way they behave in particular situations. (某人在某情形中的) 行为方式
例：For Europeans, the law is a statement of basic principles of civilized conduct.
对欧洲人来说，该法律是对基本文明行为原则的表述。

46. △mainstream ['meɪnstriːm] ( mainstreams ) n. 主流；主要倾向
1. N-COUNT People, activities, or ideas that are part of the mainstream are regarded as the most typical, normal, and conventional because they belong to the same group or system as most others of their kind. 主流
例：...people outside the economic mainstream.
…经济主流之外的人们。

47. fulfilling adj. [fʊl'fɪlɪŋ] ( fulfilling, fulfilled, fulfils )令人满意的；令人愉快的
1. V-T If you fulfil something such as a promise, dream, or hope, you do what you said or hoped you would do. 实现(承诺、梦想、希望等)
例：President Kaunda fulfilled his promise of announcing a date for the referendum.
卡翁达总统实现了他的关于宣布投票公决日期的诺言。

2. V-T To fulfil a task, role, or requirement means to do or be what is required, necessary, or expected. 完成(任务、角色); 达到(要求)
例：Without them you will not be able to fulfil the tasks you have before you.
没有他们你将不能完成你面前的任务。

3. V-T If something fulfils you, or if you fulfil yourself, you feel happy and satisfied with what you are doing or with what you have achieved. 使感到满足
例：The war was the biggest thing in her life and nothing after that quite fulfilled her.
那场战争是她一生中最重大的事，在那之后没有什么颇使她感到满足过。

4. fulfilled ADJ感到满足的
例：She has courageously continued to lead a fulfilled life.
她已勇敢地继续过一种心满意足的生活。

48. never mind不必担心
49. politics /ˈpɒlɪtɪks/ n. 政治（学）
1. N-PLURAL Politics are the actions or activities concerned with achieving and using power in a country or society. The verb that follows politics may be either singular or plural. 政治
例：Many people think Nixon transformed American politics.
许多人认为尼克松改变了美国的政治。

例：He quickly involved himself in local politics.
他很快就参与到地方政治活动中去了。

2. N-PLURAL Your politics are your beliefs about how a country ought to be governed. 政治观点
例：My politics are well to the left of centre.
我的政治观点很靠左翼。

3. N-UNCOUNT Politics is the study of the ways in which countries are governed. 政治学例：He began studying politics and medieval history.
他开始学习政治学和中世纪史。

4. N-PLURAL Politics can be used to talk about the ways that power is shared in an organization and the ways it is affected by personal relationships between people who work together. The verb that follows politics may be either singular or plural. 权术
例：You need to understand how office politics influence the working environment.
你需要明白办公室权术怎样影响工作环境。

50. abolish [ə'bɒlɪʃ] ( abolishing, abolished, abolishes ) vt. 废除；废止
1. V-T If someone in authority abolishes a system or practice, they formally put an end to it. 废除
例：An Illinois House committee voted Thursday to abolish the death penalty.
伊利诺伊州议院的一个委员会在星期四投票废除了死刑。

51. △abolition [æbə'lɪʃ(ə)n] n. 废除；废止
52. resign [rɪ'zaɪn] ( resigning, resigned, resigns ) vi. & vt. 辞职；辞去（工作、职位等）1. V-T/V-I If you resign from a job or position, you formally announce that you are leaving it. 辞职
例：A hospital administrator has resigned over claims he lied to get the job.
一位医院主管因为有人声称他的职位是骗来的而辞职了。

例：Mr Robb resigned his position last month.
罗布先生上个月辞去了他的职位。

2. V-T If you resign yourself to an unpleasant situation or fact, you accept it because you realize that you cannot change it. 使屈从
例：Pat and I resigned ourselves to yet another summer without a boat.
帕特和我将就着又过了一个没有船的夏天。

3. See Also: resigned
53. slavery /ˈsleɪvəri, ˈsleɪvri/ n. 奴隶制
1. N-UNCOUNT Slavery is the system by which people are owned by other people as slaves. 奴隶制
例：My people have survived 400 years of slavery.
我的民族历经400年的奴隶制度后幸存了下来。

54. literature ['lɪt(ə)rətʃə] ( literatures ) n. 文学（作品）；著作；文献
1. N-V AR Novels, plays, and poetry are referred to as literature, especially when they are considered to be good or important. 文学
例：...classic works of literature.
…古典文学作品。

例：I have spent my life getting to know diverse literatures of different epochs.
我花费一生时间来逐渐了解不同时代形形色色的文学。

2. N-UNCOUNT Theliterature on a particular subject of study is all the books and articles that have been published about it. 文献
例：...the literature on immigration policy.
…关于外来移民政策的文献。

3. N-UNCOUNT Literature is written information produced by people who want to sell you something or give you advice. 印刷品
例：I am sending you literature from two other companies that provide a similar service.
我在给你邮寄来自另外两家提供类似服务的公司的宣传单。

55. △Barry Minto 巴里?明托
56. △Mount Kilimanjaro n. 气力马扎罗山（位于坦桑尼亚；非洲最高山）
57. companion /kəmˈpænjən/( companions ) n. 同伴；伙伴
1. N-COUNT A companion is someone who you spend time with or who you are travelling with. 同伴; 旅伴
例：Fred had been her constant companion for the last six years of her life.
弗雷德是她生命最后六年里经常跟她在一起的伴侣。

2. N-COUNT A raised frame on an upper deck with windows to give light to the deck below 上层甲板带窗的升高框架，能让下层甲板透光
58. assistance [ə'sɪst(ə)ns] n. 协助；援助
1. N-UNCOUNT If you give someone assistance, you help them do a job or task by doing part of the work for them. (通过分担一部分任务而给予的) 帮助[oft with poss]
例：Since 1976 he has been operating the shop with the assistance of volunteers.
自1976年以来他一直在志愿者的帮助下经营着这家商店。

2. N-UNCOUNT If you give someone assistance, you give them information or advice. (通过提供信息或建议而给予的) 协助
例：Any assistance you could give the police will be greatly appreciated.
您能给警方的任何帮助都将受到不胜感谢。

3. N-UNCOUNT If someone gives a person or country assistance, they help them by giving
them money. (通过给予资金而提供的) 援助[oft supp N]
例：...a viable programme of economic assistance.
…一项切实可行的经济援助计划。

4. N-UNCOUNT If something is done with the assistance of a particular thing, that thing is helpful or necessary for doing it. (某物提供的) 帮助
例：The translations were carried out with the assistance of a medical dictionary.
这些翻译是在一本医学词典的帮助下完成的。

5. PHRASE Someone or something that is of assistance to you is helpful or useful to you. 有助益
例：Can I be of any assistance?
我能有所帮助吗？
6. PHRASE If you come to someone's assistance, you take action to help them. 来援助某人例：They are appealing to the world community to come to Jordan's assistance.
他们正呼吁国际社会来援助约旦。

59. congratulate [kən'grætjʊleɪt] ( congratulating, congratulated, congratulates )
vt. 祝贺；庆贺
1. V-T If you congratulate someone, you say something to show you are pleased that something nice has happened to them. 祝贺
例：She congratulated him on the birth of his son.
她对他儿子的出生表示了祝贺。

2. congratulation N-UNCOUNT祝贺
例：We have received many letters of congratulation.
我们收到了许多祝贺信。

3. V-T If you congratulate someone, you praise them for something good that they have done. 称赞
例：I really must congratulate the organizers for a well run and enjoyable event.
我真的必须称赞这次组织良好且有趣的活动的组织者们。

60. congratulation [kəngrætjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)n] n. 祝贺；贺词
61. bowling ['bəʊlɪŋ] n. 保龄球
1. N-UNCOUNT Bowling is a game in which you roll a heavy ball down a narrow track toward a group of wooden objects and try to knock down as many of them as possible. 保龄球例：I go bowling for relaxation.
我玩保龄球放松自己。

2. N-UNCOUNT In a sport such as cricket, bowling is the action or activity of bowling the ball toward the batsman. 投球
例：Much of the bowling today will be done by Phil Tufnell.
大多数投球今天将由菲尔·塔夫内尔完成。