2020届高考英语 分类题库 解析第23集 完形填空命题点4 说明夹叙述01

2020;2020届高考英语分类题库解析第23集：完形填空命题点4
说明夹叙述01
本类考题解答锦囊
高考完形填空中非常具有特色，难度也很高的一种文体就是把说明和叙述融为一体
的文章。

这类文章类似于夹叙夹议的文章，它往往是先提出要说明的话题，然后通
过叙述具体的事件或故事来说明作者要说明的问题，因此大家做好这类题材的完形
填空的关键，还是应该抓住作者要说明的话题，然后读懂作者叙述事件或故事的用意，把握说明和叙述之间的关系。

Ⅰ高考最新热门题
1 (典型例题 What is intelligence(智力)anyway?When 1 was in the army I 1 an intelligence test that a11 sOldiers took，and，against
2 Of 100，scored 160．
I hadanauto-repair man once，who，on these intelligence tests，COHldnot 3 havescoredmorethan 80． 4 ，when anythinS went wrong with my carI hurned to him-and he a1ways 5 it．
Well，then，suppose my auto-repair man 6 questions for some intelligence tests. By every one of them I'd prove myselfa 7 . In a world where l have to work with my 8 , I'd do poorly.
Consider my auto-repair man 9 . He had a habit of telling 10 . One time he said,"Doe, a deaf-and-dumb (聋哑) man 11 some nails. Having entered a store, he put two fingers together on the counter and made 12 movements with the other hand. The clerk brought him a hammer. He 13 his head and pointed to the two fingers he was ham mering. The clerk 14 him some nails. He picked out the right size and left. Well, Doc, the 15 man who came in was blind. He wanted scissors(剪刀). 16 do you suppose he
asked for them? "I lifted my right hand and made scissoing movements with my first two fingers. He burst out laughing and said,"Why, you fool, he used his 17 and asked for them. I've been 18 that on all my customers today, but I knew 19 I'd catch you. "Why is that?" I asked. "Because you are so goddamned educated, Doc. I knew you couldn't be very 20 ."
And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there.
1. A. failed B. wrote C. received D. chose
2. A. an average B. a total
C. an exam
D. a number
3. A. always B possibly
C. certainly
D. frequently
4. A. Then B. Thus C. Therefore D. Yet
5. A. fixed B. checked C. drove D. changed
6. A. answered B. practiced
C. designed
D. tried
7. A. teacher B. doctor C. winner D. fool
8. A. brains B effort C. hands D. attention
9. A. again B. asusual C. too D. as well
10. A. lies B. jokes C. news D. tales
11. A. bought B. tested C. found D. needed
12. A. cutting B. hammering
C. waving
D. circling
13. A. nodded B. raised C. shook D. turned
14. A. brought B. packed C. sent D. sold
15. A. clever B. other C. right D. next
16. A. What B. How C. Who D. Which
17. A. imagination B. hand
C. voice
D. information
18. A. trying B. proving
C. practising
D. examining
19. A. for sure B. at once
C. in fact
D. right now
20. A. clear B. silly C. slow D. smart
命题目的与解题技巧：本文是完形填空中的说明的夹叙述题材，主要考查学生的综合逻辑能加此类文章往往无提出(要)说明的话题，然后通过叙述具体的事件或故事来说明作者要说明的问题。

本文作者通过自己与汽车修理工的对话来说明所谓的“智力测验”并不一定总是科学的，做好此类题型的关键是应该抓住作者要说明的话题，然后读懂作者叙述事件或故事的用意。

答案：
1．C 解析：receiveanintelligencetest接受智力测试。

根据宾语anintelligencetest和下文中所得分数160分，可以确定作
者“接受了一次智力测验”，而不是没有通过智力测验。

2.A 解析：介词against在这里表示对比关系，平均成绩(an average)100分与作者得到的160分相比较，说明作者的智力水平高，为下文自己被一个他估计在这种智力测验中可能得不到80分的汽车修理工提出的问题难住埋下了伏笔。

3．B 解析：根据所提供的情境when anything went wrong withmycarlhurriedtohim 可以判断出这位汽车修理工不是一名军人，他没有参加上文提到的那次智力测验，这是作者的估计，所以要填possibly。

4．D 解析：yet是并列连词，表示转折，意思是“然而”。

在智力测试中不可能得高分，但是，在修理汽车方面却很在行。

5．A 解析：fix安装，修理。

不言而喻，汽车修理工的工作是修理汽车，每当作者的汽车出了毛病急急忙忙去找他时，他都能把汽车修理好。

check检查，只检查解决不了问题。

6．C 解析：design设计。

假如我的汽车修理工为智力测验设计题目。

根据uestions
的定语for some intelligence tests 很容易排除其他三个选项。

7．D 解析：根据下文中这位汽车修理工的话“Why，you fool，”可以确定答案。

byeveryoneofthem中的介问by说明手段或方式，them指代questions，用汽车修理工所设计的每一个问题，都证明“我”是一个笨蛋。

8. C 解析：从上下文可以看出作者是一名智商很高的医生，是脑力劳动者。

比较I'd d。

poorly+可知作者假设用自己的双手工作，会做得很差。

where l have to work with my hands是定语从句，作world的定语。

I'dd。

poorly．是虚拟语气。

9．A 解析：第二段作者谈论了他的汽车修理工在智力测验中可能得比较低的分数，但是，在修理汽车方面却很在行。

第三段是作者对自己如果从事体力劳动可能会很差的假设。

所以，在第四段再次讲述修理工的故事，要用again．too和as well 的意思基本相同，表示“也，还”；asUsual像平常一样。

10．B 解析：下文所讲述的聋哑人买钉子和盲人买剪刀的事都是笑话(jokes)．tales 传说，谎言。

11．D 解析：needed作行为动词的意思是“需要”。

needed some nails是这位聋哑人进入商店的原因。

选项A (bought)有很大的迷惑性。

一些考生认为这位聋哑人到商店的目的是买钉子，所以填了bought．但是，bought somenails(买了一些钉子)表示结果，如果他买钉子了，就不会再进入商店了。

12．B 解析：因为这位聋哑人到商店买钉子，所以他走进商店，把两个手指放在柜台上做夹钉子的动作，另一只手做锤子敲打的动作(hammeringmovement)．
13．C 解析：售货员给他拿出了锤子，他摇了摇头，表示售货员误解了他的意思。

14．A 解析：根据上文Theclerkbroughthimahammer．可确定应填brought．售货员给他拿了钉子。

pack包装；send 送；sell卖。

都与下文中所提供的情境He picked out the rightsizeandleft．不符。

15．D 解析：thenextman下一个进来的人；theotherman剩下的另一个，表示只有聋哑人与盲人两个人；therightman合适的人；the cleverman聪明的人。

都与上下文的意思不符。

16．B 解析：how表示方式，如何。

这是一个特殊疑问句。

do yousuppose是插人
语。

heasked for them是一个完整的句子，所以不能填what，who或which，它们在特殊疑问句中都充当主语、宾语或表语。

17．C 解析：voice说话的声音。

盲人会说话，他们买东西时用自己的话语表达自己的意思就可以了。

18．A 解析：trysth．。

n sb．用某事耍弄某人。

修理工讲这个故事的目的是开玩笑。

我今天用这个故事和我的所有顾客开玩笑。

prove证明；practising作及物动词的意思是“练习，实习”；examine检查，考试。

19．A 解析：for sure肯定地，有把握地。

汽车修理工在下文中所说的话说明他有把握使作者上当受骗。

alonce马上，立刻；infact事实上；rightnow就在现在。

20．D 解析：smart除了有“聪明，伶俐”的意思外，还有“滑头，诡”的意思。

从上文的内容我们可以看出，作者是一位医生，在部队里的一次智力测验中得过高分，但是，正因为如此，他才会按常规思维。

所以汽车修理工说：“因为你受过足够的教育，我知道你不可能很滑头。

”goddamned表示褒义时，意思是“十分的，完全的”；表示贬义时，意思是“该死的，讨厌的”。

2.(典型例题
Farmers, as we all know, have been having a hard time of it lately, and have turned to new ways of earning income from their land. This involves not only planting new kinds of crops, but some 1 ways of making money, the most unusual of which has got to be sheep racing. Yes,you heard me 2 !
A farmer now holds sheep races on a regular basis, and during the past year over 100 000 people have 3 to watch the race. "I was passing the farm on my way to the sea for a holiday, "one punder(赛以经纪人)told me,"and I thought I'd have a look. I didn't believe it was serious, to tell you the truth. "According to a regular visitor, betting on sheep is more interesting than betting on horses. "At proper horse races everyone has already studied the form of the horse 4 ,and there are clear favourites. 5 nobody has heard anything about these 6 ! Most people find it difficult to tell one
from another in any case." I stayed to watch the races, and must admit that I found it quite 7 ,In a usual sheep race, half a dozen sheep race down hill over a course of about half a mile. Food is waiting for them at the other end of the 8 just to give them some encourage ment,I ought to add! The sheep run surprisingly fast, 9 they have probably not eaten for a while. Anyway, the crowd a- round me were obviously enjoying their day out at the races, 10 by their happy faces and the sense of excitement.
1. A. common B. strange C. swift D. illegal
答案：B 指导：strange奇怪的。

通常人们通过赛马赚钱，而现在农民通过“绵羊比赛”赚钱。

这种赚钱的方式的确出奇。

2. A. honestly B. surprisingly
C. completely
D. correctly
答案：D 指导：correctly正确地。

这篇短文讲述了农民通过“绵羊比赛”赚钱，这是一件奇怪的事，作者为了强调自己说的是真事，用了Yes，you heard me correctly!这样的句子。

3. A. showed off B. brought up
C. turned up
D. looked forward
答案：C 指导：turn叩来到，到达。

在过去的一年里，有100 000人来观看比赛。

showoff炫耀，卖弄；hrightup(使车辆等)突然停下；lookforward期待。

4. A. behind time B. in progress
C. in advance
D. in time
答案：C 指导：inadvance预先。

在“赛马”前，人们已经预先对马匹的情况进行了研究。

behind time在原定的时间之后；in progress在进展中；in time及时。

5. A. But B. Therefore
C. Moreover
D. Otherwise
答案：A 指导：分析这两个简单句可判断出“在‘赛马’前，人们已经预先对马匹的情况进行了研究”，“与‘赛羊”前人们对参加比赛的羊一无所知”是转折关系。

6. A. horses B. sheep C. races D. stories
答案：B 指导：比较上文人们对参加赛马的马匹进行研究可判断出人们对参加赛羊的“羊”没有任何研究。

7. A. exciting B. dangerous
C. boring
D. peculiar
答案：A 指导：exciting激动人心的。

根据下文中Anyway，thecrowd around me were obviously enjoying their day out at the races．可判断出作者认为这种比赛是激动人心的。

dangerous危险的；boring无聊的；peculiar奇特的。

8. A. race B. hill C. track D. field
答案：C 指导：track跑道。

参加“赛羊”的羊群不像参加“赛马”的马匹那样便于驾驭，所以人们在跑道上放了一些食物，吸引羊群向前跑。

race赛跑；hill小山；field田地。

9. A. if B. so C. yet D. although
答案：D 指导：although虽然，引导让步状语从句。

比较run surprisingly fast 和have probably not eaten for a while可判断出它们之间是转折关系。

10. A. observing B. judging
C. considering
D. inferring
答案：B 指导：judgingby根据……判断。

根据他们高兴的面孔和活动的情绪可判断出我周围的人都喜欢出来看这场比赛。

所给的三个干扰项中的非谓语动词都表示主动，都指人们正在做的事，容易被排除。

Ⅱ题点经典类型题
(典型例题)
How could you fulfill (实现) your dream? Begin doing the work you love as soon as possible, 1 you don't get paid for it,or you can only work at it in your spare time. When Albert Einstein failed to get a job as a physics professor,he 2 have said to himself,"Now, I didn't manage to have the work relative to 3 . I should give up on it and begin to settle for some other
career." 4 , he worte the two well-known papers while 5 as a patent office worker. After that , there was not any major university in the world that would not have 6 him to work for them as a professor.
If you want to work as an artist while you are making a life as a(an) 7 ,don't think of yourselfas a waiter who 8 one day to become an artist. That will put the work you love somewhere 9 in the future. Rather, think yourself as an artist, 10 yourself by waiting the tables ad paint or draw as much as you can. It is 11 to earn a living wage as a waiter working 20 hours a 12 . That will leave plenty of time to 13 to training or developing your craft(手艺)in the 14 hours.
While seeking the work you love,you will find it 15 to expand your awareness (认识) into the universe of all possibili- ties. You don't want to be 16 the ideas of what you should do or what you have done before. Having 17 to all possibili- ties, you can make a final 18 and select the work you love as your own.
Doing the work you love requires that you should be 19 devoted to the imaglnanve and the 20 . That s to say It requires not only the ability to dream big dreams but also the a bility to face and master all the little details that make dreams come true.
1. A. because B. although C. even though D. now that
2. A. shouldn't B. could C. couldn't D. must
3. A. science B. professor C. physics D. university
4. A. Therefore B. However C. Instead D. So
5. A. invited B. employed C. worked D. recognized
6. A. chosen B. hoped C. made D. wanted
7. A. waiter B. worker C. artist D. officer
8. A. decides B. supposes C. imagines D. hopes
9. A. far off B. close C. forward D. ahead
10. A. keeping B. supporting
C. imagining
D. caring
11. A. important B. impossible
C. reasonable
D. possible
12. A. day B. week C. month D. year
13. A. spend B. kill C. pay D. devote
14. A. off B. working C. valuable D. extra
15. A. interesting B. easy C. diffcult D. helpful
16. A. worried about B. interested in
C. limited to
D. curious with
17. A. led B. opened C. shown D. stepped
18. A. decision B. plan C. conclusion
D. judge
19. A. honestly B. fully
C. equally
D. carefully
20. A. thoughtful B. possible
C. necessary
D. practical
答案：
1．C“即使”，表示让步，其他不符合题意。

2．B这里是虚拟语气，意思是：既然爱因斯坦不能得到物理学教授的工作，他本来
是可以对自己说放弃物理，从事其他的事情。

而相反，他没有放弃，却写出了两篇
著名的论文。

3．C根据上下文得知。

4．C表示相反，由后面的两篇论文得知。

5．B 这里是非谓语动词，表示“被雇用”；若用work，则用working．
6．D hope不能说成hopesb to do．
7．A本句的while表示转折，所以这里填waiter．
8．D hope和decide相比，前者更合适，因为成为艺术家并非是“决定”的事情。

9．A 本句意思是：那会使你热爱的工作在将来离你更远。

10．B 靠做服务员来养活自己，而把时间用在绘画上，这样做是可行的。

11.D hispossibletodosth．表示可能性。

reasonable则表示“有道理的”；important表示“重要的”，与题意不符。

12．B一周工作20小时比较合理。

13．D devoto．．．to(doing)ste“投身于……，致力于……”。

14．A用off表示工作之余的时间。

15．D 一边工作，一边重新认识世界，所以说，这样寻找工作当然是有帮助的了。

16．C 不要让自己的思想只局限于现在或过去从事的工作。

17．B opento面对、向……开放。

18．A makeadecision作出决定。

19．C 两者同等重要。

20．D重视想象，也要重视实践。

Ⅲ新记考命题探究
Cloze 1
Most people often dream at night. In dreams we do things which we would never do when we're awake. Why are dreams so strange and unfamiliar? Where do dreams come from? No one has produced a more 1 answer than a man called Sigmund Freud. When Freud was a child he cared about the 2 of others, so
it isn't 3 that he became a doctor when he grew up. He learned all about the way in which the human body 4 . But he be came more and more 5 about the human mind.
At that time it seemed that no one knew very much about the 6 . If a person went mad, or "out of his mind", there was not much that could be done 7 it.
In 1886 Freud began to work as a doctor in nerve (神经) diseases. Most of the 8 who came to see him were women. They were over-excited and anxious, 9 in mind rather than in body 10 did not help them. Freud was full of sympathy (同情) but he coulcl do 11 to make them better.
Then one day a friend, Dr Josef Breuer, told him about a girl he was 12 . The girl seemed to get 13 when she was allowed to talk about herself. She told Dr Breuer every thing that 14 into her mind. And each time she talked to him she remembered more about her life as a little child.
Freud was 15 when he heard this. He began to try to 16 his patients in the same way. He asked about the 17 of their early childhood. He himself 18 very little. The doctor did not make any 19 to stop them. He quietly 20 whatever they told him, the good things and the bad.
1. A. doubtful B. satisfying
C. correct
D. mysterious
答案：B 指导：表示SigmundFreud的答案最令人满意，比较级表达最高级概念。

doubtful“令人生疑的”，mysterious“神秘的”，不符合下文的逻辑：correct"正确的”，没有比较级。

2. A. happiness B. conditions
C. sufferings
D. spirits
答案：C 指导：从下文SigmundFreud成为医生看，他是关心人们的“疾苦”，故用sufferings．A．“幸福”不合题意；a“状况”太笼统；Cspirits当“情绪”讲，也不合题意。

3. A. wise B. reasonable
C. right
D. surprising
答案：D 指导：从前面的叙述，因为SigmundFreud关心人们的“疾苦”，所以成为医生是很自然的事情，即不令人吃惊。

4 A. works B. runs C. suffers D. forms
答案：A 指导：成为医生以后，SigmundFreud了解了人类身体的一切机能。

work 当动词用，意为“运行”讲。

B项干扰性很大，run也可当“运行”讲，但多指“商业、机器”等的运行情况；C项suffer"遭受…折磨”；D项forms"构成”，意思都太片面。

5. A. worried B. curious C. careful D. thoughtful
答案：B 指导：由前面的转折词but以及后文Sigmund Freud成为精神病医生这点分析，可知此处是指他后来成为精神病医生的原因，对人的精神方面感到“好奇”。

A项“担心"、C项“细心”、D项“周到的、体贴的”显然都不符合题意。

6. A. body B. patients C. diseases D. mind
答案：D 指导：此处指当时人们对“精神”方面理解得不多，为Sigmund Freu 成为精神病研究方面的先驱做好铺垫。

A项“身体”不合逻辑；B项“病人”和C 项“疾病”都太笼统。

7. A. with B. about C. for D. on
答案：B 指导：doabout．．．意为“对…采取措施”。

此处指当时人们对精神病人几乎无能为力。

do with意为“处置、处理”，后面多搭配表示“物”的名词；do for 表示“为…做”；on不搭配。

8. A. patients B. nurses C. workers D. assistants
＊＊A 指导：因为SigmundFreud是精神病医生，所以此处只能是指他的“病人”。

其他三个选项“护土”、“助手”和"212人”都不符合逻辑。

9. A. angry B. sound C. sick D. mistaken
答案：C 指导：从前面的“兴奋过度”和“焦虑”可以断定，此处指的是精神病人，故用sick in mind"精神有病”。

angry，sound“良好的”都不合题意，mistaken"错误的”，干扰性较大，但多指人们行为、判断等方面的“错误”。

此处另外一个正确说法是wrong in mind或out of mindo
10. A. Freud B. Medicine C. Doctors D. Hospitals
答案：B 指导：此处指给这些精神病人用“药”不起作用。

此处不能理解为“医生”和“医院”不帮助这些精神病人，而是“医生”等不知道怎样去治疗他们。

11. A. much B. more C. little D. something
答案：C 指导：从前面Sigmund Freud对精神病人充满“同情”以及转折词but 判断，一开始他也几乎对精神病人无能为力。

故用little表示否定。

通过前后文的逻辑关系，可以排除其他选项。

12. A. looking for B. caring about
C. looking after
D. dealing with
答案：C 指导：前面提到，Sigmund Freud的朋友也是医生，故只有“照料”合乎逻辑。

look for不合题意；care about"关心”表达不准确；deal with"对付”，不符合医生的身份。

13. A. worse B. crazy C. happier D. better
答案：D 指导：从后文Sigmund Freud医生也采取“谈话”疗法看，此处医生让病人谈话应该是起了作用，因此状况有了改观，即变得“更好”。

通过上下文的这一逻辑关系，可以有效排除其他选项。

happier"更幸福的”，说明原来很幸福，指精神病人显然不符合逻辑。

14. A came B. occurred
C. poured
D. happened
答案：A 指导：comeinto／to one'smind是固定用法，意为“出现在某人脑海中”。

这种固定搭配在高考中也有考查，牢记搭配就能有效排除其他选项。

15. A. excited B. surprised C. ashamed D. moved
答案：A 指导：听到朋友的介绍，SigmundFreud医生受到启发，应该会很“兴奋”。

B项surprised"吃惊的”，C项ashamed“羞愧的”显然不合逻辑；D项moved"被感动的”用在此处语境中也不确切。

16. A. cheat B. comfort C. cure D. calm
答案：C 指导：SigmundFreud医生开始用“谈话”疗法治疗精神病人。

A项cheat “欺骗”显然不合逻辑；B项comfort"安慰”和D项calm"使……镇定”都有片面性。

17. A. memoriesB, events C. dreams D. friends
答案：B 指导：Sigmund Freud医生让病人谈论她们儿时的“事情”。

events当“事件、大事件”讲。

memories"记忆”与前面的talk about不搭配；dreams"梦想”太片面；friends也是太片面。

18. A. did B. said C. thought D. acted
答案：B 指导：此处指Sigmund Freud医生总是在耐心倾听，而自己说得很少。

把握特定的语境可以排除其他选项。

19. A. attempt B. plan C. sign D. movement
答案：A make at tempt是固定搭配，当“试图、努力”讲，此处表示Sigmund Freud 医生不去试图阻止病人谈话。

把握好了题意，可以排除其他选项，不是做“手势”，更不是指定“计划”或不“运动”。

20. A. heard B. admitted C. noticed D. accepted
答案：D 指导：承接上文的逻辑，Sigmund Freud医生仅仅倾听精神病人的谈话，即“接受”他们的谈话内容。

hear仅仅是“听到”；admit是“承认”错误等；notice"注意到”指的是眼睛的动作。