中考英语复习之过去完成时课件-人教版九年级英语全册

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( 1 )宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作 先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如: She said that she had seen the film before.
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( 2 )状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动 作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在 后的要用一般过去时。如:
3. 根据上、下文来判定。 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each
other since he went to Beijing.
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三、过去完成时的主要用法
1.过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经 完成或结束,即发生在“过去的过去”。如: When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 我醒来时,雨已经停了。(主句的动作发生在“过去的过去”)
Where did you study before you came here? After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
(3)表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示“原本…,未能…” We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
中考英语语法专题
专题七 verb(动词)
本专题内容适用于7—9年级学生 本专题一般共需完成时
一、过去完成时构成 二、过去完成时用法 三、巩固练习
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过去完成时
一.过去完成时的概念与结构特点
1.概念:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动
作,即“过去的过去( past-in-the-past )”。
When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
注意: before, after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动 作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。如:
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二、过去完成时的判断依据
1.由时间状语来判定 一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成 时连用的时间状语有: ( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。如: I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如: We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
She had finished writing the composition by 10 :00 this morning. 今早十点前她已经写完了作文。
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3.基本结构
主语+had+过去分词 vpp.(done)
①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
②否定句:主语+ had+ not+过去分词. I hadn’t been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came
③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词? Had you been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came
( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。如: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
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2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一
动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系 ,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。 这种用法常出现在:
肯定回答:Yes,主语+had. Yes, I had. 否定回答:No,主语+had not . No, I hadn’t.
④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词)? How long had you been at the bus stop when a bus finally came?
2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有 和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。如: He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在 told 之前 )
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3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用,它不 能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与 already , yet , still , just , before , never 等时间副词及 by , before , until 等引导的短语或从句连用。如:
----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|---------------------------->
那时以前
那时
现在
2.构成:过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成,其中 had 通用于各 种人称。
eg. They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. 他们到宾馆前就已经吃了早餐。
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