人教版英语八年级上册第二单元必考知识点

Unit2 How often do you exercise?
1. exercise （v/n）的用法
1）（动）:锻炼. 如：He exercises every day.
2) (可数名词)：“...操;练习”. 如：do morning/ eye exercises; do math exercises
(不可数名词):“锻炼;运动”讲：如：We often do / take exercise on weekends.
2. go shopping 意为“去购物”。

Go+ v- ing : 表示进行某项活动。

如：
Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking
3.频率副词：always=all the time一直, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never
4.sometimes: 有时候；sometime：某时；some times：许多次/倍; some time: 一段时间
5. hard:(1)硬的；困难的；严厉的；勤奋的（形容词）a hard writer
(2) 努力地；猛烈地（副词）study/rain hard
6.注意：表示“一次或两次”时，一般用once和twice表示。

如：once a month(一个月一次)
而表示“三次或以上”时，则用“数词＋times”结构。

如：five times a year (一年五次)
7.由how构成的疑问词组的用法
(1)how many+ 可数名词复数如：how many programs
(2)how much+不可数名词如：how much coffee
但how much=what’s the price of..? 还有“多少钱”的意思如：How much are those pants?
(3)how many times: “多少次”. 其答语表示次数。

如：once ,twice，three times等
(4)How old...? 询问年龄如：How old are you? I am five.
(5) how long多久(时间) 常用for two days，for three hours等回答。

多长（某物的长度）如：---How long is the river? --- 10 kms.
(6)how soon 用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是in two hours，in three days等。

9. full (1)“满的；饱的” …be full of… : The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。

(2)“忙的”=busy He had a full life
10.与good相关的短语
(1）be good for：“对……有好处”。

如：Doing exercise is good for our health.
（2）be good at：“擅长于……” 如：He is good at playing football.
(3) be good to sb./sth: “对……好” 如：The old woman is good to us.
(4) be good with: “与……相处好” 如：The teacher is good with his students.
11．go online = use the Internet ：上网
12. more than two hours=over two hours:超过
13. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health: 保持健康
14 与ask相关的短语
（1）ask sb. to do : 叫…做某事Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.
ask sb. not to do sth.: 叫…不要做某事Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.
(2)ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求… 如：ask teacher for help
15.help sb. with sth. 如：They help me with this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。

help sb.（to）do. 如：They help you (to) solve this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。

16. surprise: n) 惊讶: to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是in surprise 惊讶地
17. 基数词+percent of the +名词
18. although(conj):“尽管；虽然”，表示转折关系，同义词有though, 不能与but同时使用。

19 spend(1)度过（时间）如：spend the weekend with family
(2)花费（时间、钱）如：He spent 20 yuan (in) buying the magazine.
同义句：He spent 20 yuan on the magazine.
He paid 20 yuan for the magazine.
It took him 20 yuan to buy the magazine.
The magazine cost him 20 yuan.。