初四全册复习资料

Unit 1 When was it invented?
一、重难点解析
1.be used for doing sth. = be used to do sth. 被用来做某事eg. It is used for planting trees.
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事eg. He is used to living in the city.
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事eg. He used to live in the countryside.
2.pleasure n. 高兴，愉快
pleasant adj. 令人高兴的，使人愉快的
pleased adj. 高兴地，满意的
短语: my pleasure=it’s my pleasure 用来回答别人的感谢“不用谢，不客气”
with pleasure 回答别人的请求“乐意效劳，非常愿意”
用在完整的陈述句中作状语eg. He did the work with pleasure.(高兴地)
3.谓语动词前添加辅助动词do，用来表示强调。

常用语肯定句和祈使句中，“的确，确实，
真的”eg. I do hope you can come to my birthday party.(去掉do不影响句子结构)
4.have a point 指别人的说法或想法“有道理”
eg. Your parents seem to have a point. We should study hard in order to achieve our dreams.
5.mention v. 提到，说到
mention+名词/代词eg. He didn’t want to mention the painful past.
mention+doing sth. eg. Whenever I mention playing football, he says he’s too busy.
mention+宾语从句eg. Did Mike mention how much money he made last year?（陈述句语序）Don’t mention it. 用来回答感谢或类似于感谢的句子，“不用谢，不客气”
6.by accident “偶然，意外地”，指纯因运气而致=by chance
by mistake “错误地，无意中”，指因错误或错失而致eg. make a mistake/mistakes 犯错7.It is said that…据说，人们说=People say that…
It is believed that…人们认为，大家相信=People believe that…
It is reported that…据报道=People report that…
It is known that…众所周知= People know that…
It is supposed that…据猜测=People suppose that…
it+be+过去分词+that从句（it 是形式主语，that从句为句子真正的主语）
8.be the + 序数词+ 名词/代词+ to do sth. 是第几个做某事的…
eg. By now Mo Yan has been the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature.(诺贝尔文学奖)
9.sometime 副词，“某个时候”，用于一般过去或一般将来时eg. We’ll visit the zoo sometime next week.
some time 名词短语，“一段时间”，与延续性动词连用eg. I’ll take some time to finish my homework.
sometimes 频度副词，“有时”，回答”how often”问句eg. My father sometimes goes to work by bike.
some times 名词短语，“几次，几倍”，多用于完成时态eg. The Greens have been to Hainan some times. （times 可数名词，“次数，倍数”）
10.not … until “直到…才”，表示直到某一时间，某一行为才发生，主句中谓语动词可延续
可短暂eg. I did not study English until 9 o’clock last night. （9点才开始学）
( do sth. ) until…“做某事直到…”，表示某行为一直持续到某个时间，谓语动词必须为延续性动词eg. I studied English until 9 o’clock last night. （一直学到9点）
11.take place “发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性的发生
eg. Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last few years.
happen 具体，偶然，突发性事件的发生eg. The story happened in 2003.(事作主语) 某事发生在某人身上eg. A car accident happened to her this morning.(事作主语)
碰巧做某事happen to do sth. eg. I happened to meet Mary in the street yesterday.
PS: happen 与take place 都不能用于被动语态，并且不能与一段时间连用
12.divide…into…把…分成… = separate…into…被动形式：be divided into
eg. In order to play the game, the children are divided into four groups.
13.stop sb.(from) doing sth.= prevent sb.(from) doing sth.= keep sb. from doing sth.
keep 短语中的from不能省略，在被动语态中，from都不能省略
eg. People must stop/prevent/keep from polluting the environment.
stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事/stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
eg. Mr. Green asked us to stop talking, so we stopped to listen to him at once.
14.dream of/about doing sth. 梦想做某事dream n.梦想
eg. She dreams of/about running her own business.
15.the number of + 复数名词“…的数量”，谓语动词用单三
a number of +复数名词=many “许多”，谓语动词用复数
16.look up to “钦佩，仰慕”eg. They look up to him for his knowledge.
“仰起头看”eg. The girl is so short that she has to look up to her elder sister.
“将…尊为榜样”eg. We look up to him as a hero.
二、词形转换与短语归纳
1.invent <v.>--invention <n.>发明--inventor<n.>发明家
2.music<v.>--musical<adj.>音乐的—musician<n.>音乐家
3.sudden<n.>--suddenly<adv.>突然地hero—heroes(复数) nearly=almost 几乎，差不多
4.professional<adj.>职业的，专业的--profession<n.> 职业—professor<n.>教授
5.the style of……的款式，风格，样式the pioneers of……的先驱们
6.the saint of tea 茶圣make tea 沏茶，制作茶tea trade 茶贸易tea culture 茶文化
7.in our daily lives 在我们日常生活中seem to do sth. 好像做某事
8.fall into…落入(fell) more than 多于less than 少于，不到national drink 国饮
9.the popularity of……的普及even though= even if 即使without doubt 毫无疑问
10.the nature of tea 茶道drop into…落入…里面
11.at a low price 以低价all of a sudden= suddenly 突然，猛地
12.advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人（不要）做某事= suggest doing sth.
13.translate…into…把…翻译成…work on…从事，忙于…
14.in the end = finally 最后in history 在历史上work together 协作
15.not only… but also…不但…而且…(就近原则) decide on 决定
16.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事be encouraged to do sth.
e up with…想出意见，想法等lead to…导致，通向，引起
18.at the same time 同时，一起
三、语法：一般过去时的被动语态
主语+was/were +done(动词的过去分词)+其他
Unit 2 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
一、重难点解析
1.No way! “不行，不可能，门儿都没有”，表示直接拒绝There is no way…
2.safety n. 安全，安全性(反:danger) eg. Food safety is becoming more and more important.
safe adj. 安全的(反:dangerous) eg. I think that it’s safe to travel by train than by plane.
safely adv. 安全地(反:dangerously) eg. The plane landed safely yesterday.
carry sb./sth. to safety 把某人/某物带到安全地地方
3.get/have sth. done “使…被做，让某人做某事”eg. I must get my hair cut.
4.regret doing sth. 对做过的事情感到遗憾，后悔eg. I regret telling her what I thought.
regret to do sth. 对将要做的事感到遗憾，抱歉eg. I regret to do it, but I have no choice.
5.keep away from…=stay away from…远离…eg. You must keep away from the dog.
keep…away from…让…远离…eg. Keep the children away from the dog.
cate v. 教育，教导，训练education n. 教育educated adj. 受过教育的，有教养的
educational adj. 教育的，有教育意义的
educate sb. 教育/教导某人
educate sb. to do sth. 教育某人做某事eg. Our teachers often educate us to care for the old.
be educated to do sth. 被教育做某事eg. The young should be educated to keep/stay away
from drugs.
7.be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
be strict in/about sth. 对某事要求严格
be strict with sb. in sth. 在某事上对某人要求严格eg. My parents are strict with me in my
handwriting.
8.in the way “挡道的，妨碍人的”
get in the way of +n./代词/v.ing eg. Please don’t get in the way of me doing my homework.
on the way “在…途中，在去某地的路上”+ to
by the way “顺便说一下”
9.against 逆，对着eg. We sailed against the wind. 我们逆风航行
依，靠，碰，撞eg. His desk is against the wall.
防备，预防eg. We wore some heavy clothes against the cold weather.
be against 反对；be for 支持；has nothing against…毫不反对…
10.end up doing sth. 到头来/最终做某事eg. We were going to go out, but ended up watching TV at home.
end up as…最终成为… eg. He ended up as head of the company.
end up with…以…结束begin/start with 以…开始eg. The English song party began with an English song and ended up with a piano music.
11.only位于句首，后面跟副词，介词短语或从句等状语时，主句用倒装结构（一般疑问句
语序），成为局部倒装
eg. Only at night of a fine day can you see the stars in the sky.
二、词形转换与短语归纳
1.choose v. 选择—chose(pt.)—chosen(pp.) choice n. 选择
2.part-time adj./adv. 兼职的full-time 全职的
3.manage v. 完成，应付—manager n. 经理
4.society n. 社会—social adj. 社会的social problem 社会问题
5.enter v. 进去，进入—entrance n. 入口
6.shopping center 购物中心shopping list 购物清单go shopping 去购物
7.driver’s license 驾照the young 年轻人at night= in the evening 在晚上
8.be worried about one’s safety 担心某人的安全be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
9.need time to do sth. 需要时间做某事spend time with sb. (on sth.) 与某人共度时光
10.take photos 拍照all night= the whole night 整夜make sure 确信，确保，务必
11.lift up 举起feel about 揣摩talk back 回嘴，顶嘴think back 回想
12.make one’s own decision 自己做决定agree with 同意move out/in 搬出去/进来
13.take care of= look after 照顾，照料
14.continue to do sth. 继续做某事（强调继续做另外一件事）
continue doing sth.= go on doing sth. 继续做正在做的事情
15.take the test 参加考试/pass the test 通过考试/fail the test 考试不及格
16.grow up 长大，成长achieve/realize one’s dream 实现某人的梦想no matter 不管
17.think about…考虑keep off 不接近，挡住，关掉
18.be serious about (doing) sth. 对（做）某事认真practice doing sth. 练习做某事
19.care about 关心have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事
三、语法：含有情态动词的被动语态
主语+情态动词（can/may/must/could/should）+ be done + 其他
四、综合Unit1和Unit2，各时态的被动语态汇总
1.一般现在时：am/is/are + done
2.现在进行时：am/is/are + being done
3.现在完成时：have/has + been done
4.一般过去时：was/were + done
5.过去进行时：was/were + being done
6.过去完成时：had + been done
7.一般将来时：will/shall + be done
8.将来完成时：will/shall + have been done
9.过去将来时：would/should + be done
10.过去将来完成时：would/should + have been done
Unit 3 It must belong to Carla
一、重难点解析
1.belong to 属于…，附属，为…所拥有，为…的成员（通常没有进行时态，也不能用于被
动语态）belong to sb= be sb’s eg. The iPad belongs to Mary= This iPad is Mary’s.
2.attend 出席，参加（+party, meeting, show, wedding, lecture, school, church），句子的主
语只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积极作用
join 加入，参加，加入党派，团体组织，成为成员之一，入党，参军(join the army) 和某人一起做某事join sb. in (doing) sth. eg. Will you join us in discussing?
take part in 参加，参与，指参加会议或群众性活动，说明主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用eg. We often take part in physical labour(体力劳动). (take part in doing sth.)
3.must have done “一定做过某事”对过去发生的事情作肯定的推测
eg. Her son is playing outside. He must have finished his homework already.
4.pick up 拾起，捡起（动+副结构，代词出现放中间）pick it up
5.noise “噪音，喧闹声，嘈杂声”make a noise 发出噪音
voice 一般指人的声音，嗓音，有时可指鸟鸣声
sound 泛指自然界的各种声音/系动词“听起来，听上去”
eg. Don’t make any noise. The baby is sleeping.
Huo Zun has a sweet voice, and many people love to listen to his songs.
I love the song by the band Wild and Windy. It sounds nice.
6.either “也”，用于否定句句尾eg. Lily doesn’t like fruit. I don’t like fruit, either.
also “也”，比较正式，用于句中（be动词之后，实义动词之前）eg. He also works in that factory.
too “也”，用于肯定句句末eg. He speaks English, and he knows French, too.
7.There must/may/can’t be…一定/可能/不可能有…(对现有情况的推测)
eg. There must be something wrong with the computer.
There must/may/can’t be… doing.. 一定/可能/不可能有…在做…
eg. There may be someone crying in the room.
8.much too 副词短语，“太…，过分”+adj./adv. eg. Your son is much too fat.
too many “太多”，修饰可数名词eg. Don’t eat too many candies.
too much 名词词组，作主语或宾语eg. You gave me too much.
副词词组，修饰动词eg. He talks too much.
形容词词组，修饰不可数名词eg. I have too much homework to do.
9.have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事有乐趣eg. We had great fun in traveling to Italy.
10.prevent sb./sth. from being done 阻止某人/某物被…
eg. We should prevent the environment from being polluted.
11.both… and……和…都，两者都eg. Both she and I are good at drawing.(谓语动词用复数)
neither… nor…既不，也不；两者都不eg. Neither she nor I am good at drawing.
either… or…或者…或者… eg. I f you want more information; you can either ring or e-mail us.
not only… but also…不但…而且…eg. Not only she but also I am good at drawing.
neither…nor…, either…or…, not only… but also…都遵循就近原则
12.arrive in +大地点；arrive in + 小地点；reach直接加地点；get to + 地点（地点副词省to）
二、词形转换与短语归纳
1.value n. 价值—valuable adj. 贵重的，宝贵的
2.noise n. 噪音—noisy adj. 吵闹的，有噪音的—noisily adv. 吵闹地
3.sleep v. 睡觉—sleepy adj. 困倦的，瞌睡的—asleep adj. 睡着的
4.express v. 表示，表达—expression n. 表达方式，词语，表情（facial expression）
5.history n. 历史—historical adj. 历史的，历史上的—historian n. 历史学家
6.medical adj. 医疗的，医学的—medicine n. 医学，药（take medicine 吃药）
7.listen to music 听音乐at the picnic 在野餐the rest of…余下的…
8.each other 相互something unusual 不同寻常的事情next-door neighbor 隔壁邻居
9.anything else 其他任何事too…to…太…而不能…feel uneasy 感到不安
10.have no idea 不知道run away 逃跑take a shower 洗淋浴（have a bath 洗澡）
11.run after 追赶communicate with…与…交流point out 指出
12.prevent illness 防治疾病keep healthy 保持健康 a group of…一群…
13.catch a bus 赶公交wait for a bus 等公交at work 在工作to/from work 上下班
14.on the phone 在电话上，通过电话（on TV，on computer）
三、语法：情态动词表推测
情态动词表示说话人的语气或情态，常常带有一定的感情色彩。

在英语中，must, can, can’t, may(not), could(not), might(not) 表示对某人或某事的推测
1.must 表示可能性最大的推测，在肯定句中表示“一定，准是”。

mustn’t 表示禁止
eg. The textbook must be Jim’s book. Look! It has his name on it.
2.may/might/could 表示可能性较小的肯定推测，“也许，可能”
eg. I am not sure where my mom is. She may be at home.
3.can’t 表示很有把握的否定推测，“不可能”
eg. The coat can’t be David’s. David is tall but the coat is too small.
4.在疑问句中常用can 或could 表推测，“可能”
eg. I found a pink schoolbag. Whose can/could it be?
（复习回顾情态动词can/may/could 表示请求许可的用法）
Unit 4 I like music that I can dance to
一、重难点解析
1.prefer sth./ prefer doing sth. 更喜欢（做）某事
eg. I prefer the teacher who is patient with us students.
prefer sth. to sth. eg. I prefer coffee to juice.
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. eg. He prefers hanging out to doing his homework.
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.= would rather do sth. than do sth. 宁愿做…而不愿做…
eg. They prefer to go hiking rather than go boating.
prefer—preferred –preferred “更喜欢”两者之间进行比较
2.stick to + 名词/代词/动名词（doing）
eg. We stick to speaking English in the morning every day.
3.down adj. 悲哀，沮丧，情绪低落be/feel down
adv. （坐，倒，躺）下，向下，下至…sit/write/turn down
介词从高处向下，在…的下方，沿着…向下go down the street
4.cheer up 使振奋，使高兴（代词出现放中间）
eg. He has been really down since his son died. Nothing could cheer him up.
5.许多many= a number of= numbers of 只修饰可数名词复数
much 只修饰不可数名词
plenty of= a lot of= lots of 可修饰可数名词和不可数名词
6.once in a while 偶尔地，间或（sometimes, at times）
eg. Nobody is perfect. Everyone may make mistakes once in a while.
7.marry sb.= get married to sb. “嫁，娶”
marry为及物动词，直接加宾语eg. Jane married John.
与时间段连用表示状态eg. She has been married for ten years and now he has a lovely
baby. (be married )
be/get married to sb. 表示与某人结婚eg. Mr. King want to get married to Rose, so he
often gives gifts to her in order to make her happy.
8.It is a pity (that)+ 句子“很遗憾…，…真是遗憾”it 为形式主语
eg. It’s a pity that you have lost a good chance to go to university.
What a pity! 真遗憾！（口语）
9.in total “总共，合计”= in all totally 完全地
eg. Excuse me, how much are the apples and watermelons in total?
10.praise sb. 表扬某人
praise sb. for (doing) sth. 表扬某人做某事
be praised for (doing) sth. 因做某事而被表扬
eg. The teacher praised me for the great progress I had made.
二、词形转换与短语归纳
1.smooth adj. （音乐）悦耳的，平滑的—smoothly adv. 悦耳地，平滑地
2.shut v. 关上，关闭—shut(pt./pp.)—shutting shut up 闭嘴
3.sadness n. 悲伤，悲痛—sad adj. 悲伤的，悲痛的
4.pain n. 痛苦，疼痛—painful adj. 痛苦的，疼痛的
5.move v. 使感动—moving adj. 动人的，令人感动的—moved adj. 被感动的
6.sing along with music 和着音乐一起唱dance to music 伴着音乐起舞
7.different kinds of 不同种类的electronic music 电子音乐smooth music 舒缓的音乐
8.spare time 空闲时间in that case 那样的话，既然那样
9.World War II 第二次世界大战have a happy ending 有一个美满的结局
10.feel like doing sth. = would like to do sth. 想要做某事
11.depend on 依靠，取决于try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大的努力去做某事
12.a way to do sth. 做某事的方式/方法（a good way to do sth.）
13.in time 及时on time 准时be afraid of （doing sth.）害怕
14.sit back 背靠，放松look up 查阅，抬头看be born 出生such as 例如
15.move sb.= make sb. moved 感动某人be known for 因…而众所周知
16.develop an illness 患病make money 赚钱in this way 这样，以这种方式
17.a piece of music 一首曲子sad beauty 凄美in the past 在过去
三、语法：定语从句
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

1.关系代词：修饰人who/that 在从句中作主语
who/whom/that 在从句中作宾语
whose 在从句中作定语
修饰物which/that 在从句中作主语/宾语
whose 在从句中作定语
2.关系副词：when(时间)；where(地点)；why(原因)
3.注意：关系代词that既可指人，又可指物，指人时可与who互换，指物时可与which
互换。

4.只能用that作关系代词的情况
先行词是all, much, little, few, something, anything, everything, nothing, none等不定代词当先行词被the only，the last，the very等修饰时
当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时
当先行词被最高级修饰时
当先行词前有all, no, little, few, any等词修饰时
当先行词既有人又有物时
当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时
5.只能用which作关系代词的情况
当关系词前有介词时
当先行词本身为that/those时
Unit 5 You’re supposed to shake hands.
一、重难点解析
1.shake hands with sb. 与某人握手（强调双方的动作）shake—shook—shaken
eg. I do not usually shake hands with people I know well.
2.to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是to one’s great surprise
be surprised at…对…感到吃惊eg. They were all surprised at the result.
in surprise 惊奇地，吃惊地eg. He looked at me in surprise.
be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶eg. I am surprised to hear the news.
3.kiss v./n. 亲吻kiss sb. (+ on +亲吻部位)
eg. She kissed me on both sides of my face.
4.relax v. 放松，休息
relaxed adj. 放松的，主语是人eg. He looks very relaxed.
relaxing adj. 令人放松的，修饰物eg. They had a relaxing vacation.
be relaxed about/at + 名词/代词/动名词doing 对…放松，随意
eg. He is relaxed about/at his breakfast.
5.现在分词（v.ing）短语作状语，表示伴随，指谓语动作发生时另一个动作伴随着同时发
生eg. The teacher came into the classroom, holding a book in his hand. (with)
6.drop by 顺便访问，随便进入，后接地点名词（drop by one’s home）
eg. We often drop by our friends’ homes if we have time.
7.make an/every effort to do sth. 作出努力
eg. Please make an/every effort to finish it on time.
8.avoid +n./代/ doing 避免，逃避eg. You had better avoid reading on the subway.
9.Some girls would never go out without taking time to dress themselves up. 双重否定，表达
肯定的意义
10.point at 指着离说话人较近的人或物eg. The teacher pointed at the blackboard and said, “Carefully.”
point to指向离说话人较远的人或物/表明/钟表的指针的指向eg. She said that it was the place where she lived, pointing to the house on the other side of the river.
point out 指出问题，要点，优点，错误等eg. Do you mind me pointing out the mistakes in your work?
11.except 表示一种排除关系，“除了什么之外，不再有…”，不包括后面的内容，常与表
示整体的肯定词all, everything, everyone, every或全部否定词nothing, nobody连用
eg. Everyone except Tom and Mike has been to Thailand.（同类排除）
besides 表示一种累加关系，“除了什么之外，还有…”，包括后面的内容，常与also, another, other, else等词连用，besides还可以作副词，“此外，而且”
eg. Besides his wife, his daughter also went to see him.
except for “除了”，表示整体与部分的关系，后面排除的内容往往与主语不是一类eg. The movie is wonderful except for the ending.（异类排除）
12.find it +adj.+ to do sth. 发现做某事怎么样( it为形式宾语) eg. I find it hard to learn English.
find+宾语+n./adj. 发现某物怎么样eg. She finds this book very interesting.
13.be worth +n. “…值得…”eg. His words are worth notice.
be worth + 钱数或类似的词语，“值多少钱”eg. This picture is worth 100 dollars.
be worth doing “…值得做”eg. He isn’t worth getting angry with.
It +be worth doing sth. “做某事是值得的”eg. It isn’t worth repairing the bike.
PS: worth 后面的动词必须是及物动词，用主动式表示被动意义，“非常值得”，worth前
面用well, really, very much, hardly 等修饰，不能用very修饰
14.go out of one’s way to do sth. “特地，格外努力”
eg. He went out of his way to teach me how to learn English well.
15.You wouldn’t/would never/would hardly believe…你无法想象…，你绝不会相信…
eg. You wouldn’t believe that I found my long-lost uncle in Tai-wan.
二、词形转换与短语归纳
1.north, south, east, west 北，南，东，西—northern, southern, eastern, western (adj.)
2.behave v. 表现，举止—behavior（behaviour）n. 行为举止
3.gradually adv. 逐渐地—gradual adj. 逐步的
4.for the first time 第一次be expected to do sth. 被期盼做某事go abroad 去国外
5.hold out one’s hand 伸出某人的手on both sides of…在…的两边take off 脱下，起飞
6.in our everyday life= in our daily lives 在我们的日常生活中table manners 餐桌礼仪
7.greet sb. 问候某人find out 弄清楚，查明as soon as…一…就…
8.rush around 东奔西跑after all 毕竟get mad 大动肝火，气愤
9.make plans/a plan to do sth. =plan to do sth. =plan on doing sth. 计划做某事
10.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事it’s not (a) big deal 没什么大不了的
11.eat with one’s hands/ chopsticks and spoons 用手拿东西吃/用筷子和勺子吃东西
12.face challenge 面临挑战be a bit/little nervous 有点紧张at first 起初
13.make sb. feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归be different from…与…不同cut up 切碎
14.feel good about…对…感觉很好best wishes 美好的祝愿show up 出席，出现，露面
15.knock at/on the door 敲门house rules 家规
三、语法：be supposed to do sth. 句型
be supposed to do sth. “理应/应该做某事”= should/ought to do sth.
表示按规定，计划或传统习惯应该做的事，be随人称，时态变化，to为不定式符号，加动词原形
1.肯定句式：主语+ be supposed to do sth.
eg. You are supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom.
2.否定句式：主语+ be+ not+ supposed to do…
eg. You are not supposed to eat in class.
3.疑问句式：Be+ 主语+ supposed to do…?
eg. Is he supposed to take away the book from the library?
Unit 6 Sad movies make me cry.
一、重难点解析
1.would rather do/ would rather not do “宁愿，宁可做（不做）…”（没有人称和数的变化）
would rather do sth. than do sth.= would do sth. rather than do sth.
= prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做…而不愿做…
eg. I’d rather stay at home than go shopping on Sunday.
rather than “并非，而不是”eg. She enjoys singing rather than dancing.
2.drive sb. crazy/ mad “使某人发疯/发狂”drive v. 逼迫，迫使，开车，驾驶
eg. It will drive you mad/crazy if you are stuck in a traffic jam during the rush hour.
3.the + 比较级…，the +比较级…“越…，就越…”
eg. The more we do for the people, the happier we will be.
比较级+and+比较级/ more and more +原级“越来越…”
eg. The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
the +比较级+ of the two “两者中较…”eg. He is the taller of the two students.
4.have… in common 有共同之处—have nothing/something /a lot in common
5.leave out “不包括，不提及，忽略”left out 被忽略—feel left out 感到被冷落
eg. She left out three words when she recited this poem.
leave for +地点“动身去某地”leave behind 留下，遗留leave alone 不管，任凭6.neither…nor…既不…也不…，两者都不（就近原则）
either… or…或者…或者…（就近原则）
7.to start with “起初，开始时”，常放于句首eg. To start with, where and when did it happen?
start with = begin with “从…开始，先从某事做起”反义词：end up with “以…结束”
eg. The meeting started with the national song and ended up with the best wishes.
8.could have done “过去本能做某事却未做”，包含责备的意思
eg. How could he have missed scoring that goal?
9.miss doing sth. 没能做某事，错过做某事
eg. I missed catching the early bus because of getting up late.
10.let sb. down = disappoint sb. = make sb. disappointed
eg. I have to work hard to enter a famous university in order not to let my parents down.
二、词形转换与短语归纳
1.drive v. –drove(pt.)—driven(pp.)—driver n. 司机
tely= recently 最近，不久前wealth n. 财富—wealthy adj. 富有的
3.power n. 权利，力量—powerful adj. 有力量的
4.fame n. 名声，声誉—famous adj. 著名的，出名的
5.weight n. 重量，分量—weigh v. 称重，重…pull v. 拉，拖push v. 推
6.agreement n. 一致，同意—agree v. – disagree v. 不同意in agreement 意见一致
7.disappoint v. 使失望—disappointment n. 失望—disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的
8.so… that…如此…以至于…have fun with sb. 和某人玩的开心
9.get to know sb. 逐渐了解某人be friends with sb. 成为某人的朋友
10.call in 召来/叫来（call sb. in/call in sb.）in one’s mind 在脑海中，在意识里
11.be worried about 担忧lose one’s power 失去权力clean up 打扫干净
12.be followed by sb. 被某人跟随take one’s position/place 占据某人的位置，取代某人
13.get sth. back 取回/要回某物hand back 退还，归还in one’s heart 在某人心中
14.keep one’s eyes on…盯着…kick sb. off 开除某人with courage 有勇气，鼓起勇气
15.be/come close to doing sth. 几乎，差一点就…，离…近
eg. They were close to winning the football game.
16.put pressure on sb. 向某人施加压力give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事
17.get into/have a fight with sb. 与某人打架be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻，要求严厉
三、语法：make 的用法
1.make sb. do sth. 让/使某人做某事eg. My parents make me do some other homework.
被动语态中加to ，sb. be made to do sth.
2.make sb./sth. +adj. 使某人…eg. The news made us happy.（状态）
3.make sb./ sth. + n.短语/介词短语使某人/物成为…eg. She made him her assistant.
4.make sb./sth. + v.过去分词使某人/物被… eg. Can you make yourself understand in English?
5.make it adj. +to do sth. 使做某事变得怎么样
eg. Wechat makes it convenient to communicate with each other.
6.make sb. sth. =make sth. for sb. 为某人制作某物
7.牢记常用的make 短语
make sure 确信，证实make up 弥补，组成，化妆make full use of 充分利用
make friends with 交朋友make a difference 有影响，有关系
make good use of 充分利用make a decision 做决定make money 挣钱
make a living 谋生
Unit 7 Life is full of unexpected
一、重难点解析
1.by the time “到…时候，在…以前”，引导时间状语从句，常用于过去完成时
eg. By the time I got to the station, the train had already left.
2.leave sth. +地点状语“把某物落在某地”eg. I left my homework at home.
forget 不加地点状语“忘记”eg. I am sorry I was late for school because I forgot the time.
3.luckily “幸运的是”，副词，修饰后面整个句子= fortunately
4.give sb. a lift= give sb. a ride 捎某人一程eg. Could you give me a lift/ride?
5.be about to do sth. “正要做某事，即将做某事”
be about to do sth. when…“正要做某事，突然…”
eg. I was about to leave for work when the telephone rang.
6.stare “目不转睛地盯着看，凝视”，stare at sth./sb. 盯着…
eg. Don’t stare at people like that, it’s impolite.
in disbelief “不信任的，怀疑的”，常与stare at sb./shake one’s head 搭配使用
eg. I stared at him in disbelief, shocked at what he said.
7.show up “到场，出现，露面”，不及物动词短语，不能直接跟宾语
eg. Uncle George didn’t show up for our wedding because he forgot.
8.embarrass v. “使尴尬，使窘迫”—embarrassed adj. 修饰人—embarrassing adj. 修饰物
-ed 修饰人，-ing 修饰物，同类词：interest, surprise, excite, move, disappoint, relax, bore, amaze
9.dress sb. 给别人穿衣服（动作），eg. He is too young to dress himself.
get dressed 穿上衣服（动作），eg. I went to work quickly after I got dressed.
be dressed in 穿着…衣服（状态），eg. Mary was dressed in blue yesterday at the party.
dressed up as 装扮成…（动作），eg. Tom dressed up as Mickey Mouse at the costume party.
10.sell out 售完，卖光，被动语态be sold out
sell well 销路好，卖得好，无被动语态
eg. The delicious cakes you want sell well and all have been sold out by now.
11.so + adj. + that…/such + n. +that…“如此…以至于…”，引导结果状语从句
so that “以便，为了”，引导目的状语从句，从句里一般含有can/could等词
eg. The problem was so difficult that none of us worked it out.
Jimmy is such a young boy that he can’t dress himself.
He got up early so that he can catch the first bus.
二、词形转换与短语归纳
1.belief n. 信念，信任—disbelief n. 不信任，怀疑—disbelieve v. 不相信（believe）
2.live v. 生存，存活—alive adj. 活着的，有生气的be alive 活着的
3.fool n. 蠢人，傻瓜—foolish adj. 愚蠢的April Fool’s Day 愚人节
4.be full of…= be filled with…充满，装满the unexpected 意外的东西或事件
5.go off 闹钟响起/发出响声wake up 醒来，叫醒put on…穿上at least 至少
6.rush out of…冲出turn into 变成the World Trade Centre 世贸中心
7.wait in line 排队等候in line with 与…成一排think to oneself 心中想
8.hear about…听说有关…的情况hear from 收到某人的来信by the end of 在…以前
9.stay up （late）熬夜costume party 化妆舞会take place 发生
10.play a joke on sb. 和某人开玩笑play a trick on sb. 作弄某人
11.across the country= all over the country 全国（world 全世界）。