2021高考译林版英语一轮复习讲义：第1部分 必修4 Unit 3 Tomorrow's world

Unit 3Tomorrow's world
Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写
1．accuse v t. 控诉，控告；谴责2．function v i. 起作用，正常运转
n. 作用，功能；职能3．escape v i.&v t. 逃跑；被遗忘
n. 逃离，逃脱
4．master n. 主宰；主人；大师
v t. 精通，掌握；控制
5．hire v t. 聘用，雇用；租用，租借6．chief adj. 最重要的，首要的，主要的
n. 首领
7．amaze v t. 使惊奇，使惊诧
→amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕，惊诧
→amazing adj. 令人惊奇的
→amazed adj. 大为惊奇
8．confident adj. 自信的；肯定的，有把握的
→confidently ad v. 自信地
→confidence n. 信心，信任
9．disappoint v t. 使失望
→disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的
→disappointing adj. 令人失望的
→disappointment n. 失望
10．impress v t. 给……以深刻印象，使铭记
→impression n. 印象，感想
→impressive adj. 印象深刻的
11．present v. 颁发；展示；赠送；呈献
→presentation n. 展示，介绍；颁发；提交，出示12．disable v t. 使残疾
→disabled adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的
→disability n. 残疾
13．advantage n. 优势
→disadvantage n. 缺点；不利因素，障碍14．secure adj. 平安的；有把握的；稳固的，巩固的
v t. 获得；使平安
→security n. 平安
15．real adj. 真的，真实的
→reality n. 现实，事实
→really ad v. 真地，真实地
16．injure v t. 伤害，损害
→injury n. 伤害，损害；负伤
17．social adj. 社交的，交际的；社会的
→society n. 社会
→socialism n. 社会主义
→socialist adj. 社会主义的
→socialize v. 交往，交际
18．terror n. 惊慌；恐惧
→terrify v t. 使恐惧
→terrified adj. 惊慌的
→terrifying adj. 令人惊慌的
Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记
19．passive adj.被动的
20．neighbourhood n. 街区；邻近的地方
21．constant adj.连续发生的，不断的；恒定的22．fade v i.逐渐消失；(使)变淡；走下坡路，衰落23．exit n. 出口；离去，退场
v i.&v t.出去，离去，退场
24．float v i.漂浮，漂流；(空中)飘移25．sightseeing n. 观光，游览
26．urban adj.城市的，城镇的
27．mushroom n. 蘑菇
28．dinosaur n. 恐龙
29．frost n. 霜；霜冻
30．network n. (互联)网络
高频短语——会默写
1．add to 使增加，使增强，使扩大2．connect with/to 与……连接
3．give out/off 放出(声、光、气等)；公布
4．put forward 提出，提议
5．in the long term/run 从长远来看
6．compared with 与……比拟起来
7．as to 至于，关于
8．set up 设立，建立
9．last but not least 最后但同样重要的
10．speak of 说起，谈到
11．be filled with 充满
12．blow up 爆炸；使爆炸
教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用1.Not only will he or she feel every step
of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment...
(not only 位于句首，所在的分句使用局部倒装) 1.他们不但做了音乐表演，而且简短地介绍了西方铜管乐器的历史。

Not only a musical performance， a brief introduction to the history of western brass instruments.
2.This kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical，compared with the way most urban planning is done today.(过去分词短语作状语) 2.和汽车相比，自行车对我们的安康更有益。

，bikes are of greater benefit to our health.
3.In my opinion，it is about time we had new computers.
(It's (about/high) time (that) sb.
did/should do sth.“是某人该做某事的时候了〞) 3.是我们应该把厨房重新粉刷的时候了。

It's about time that
we .
【答案】
精讲6个考纲单词
amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊诧
[高考佳句]I made friends with the natives，and their reaction amazed me.(2021年浙江高考·完形填空)我与当地人交朋友，他们的反响让我惊讶。

(1)amazing adj.令人惊奇的
It's amazing that... 令人惊讶的是……
(2)amazed adj.吃惊的，惊奇的
be amazed at/by... 对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶
(3)amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕
to one's amazement 令某人大为惊奇的是
in amazement 惊愕地
①It's amazing how stupid people can be.
让人吃惊的是人们竟然会如此愚笨。

②We were amazed to learn (learn) that she had left the hospital $18 million.得知她把1 800万美元留给了医院，我们感到很惊讶。

③To their amazement(amaze), their first CD sold over two million copies.
让他们吃惊的是，他们的首张CD卖了二百万张。

confident adj.自信的；肯定的，确信的，有把握的
[教材原句]This encouraged him to become more confident around others.
这鼓励了他在其他人面前更加自信。

(1)confidence n．信心，自信
have confidence in 对……有信心
(2)be confident in 相信，信任
be confident about/of sth./that... 确信……
①In my opinion，while we are confident in ourselves，we should recognize strengths in others and show respect for them.我认为，尽管我们有自信，我们也应该成认别人的长处并尊敬他们。

②From her smile, I knew that she was confident of victory.从她的微笑我看出她对胜利有信心。

③I had confidence(confident) in my own youth and energy.我对自己的青春和精力充满了信心。

disadvantage n. 缺点；不利因素，障碍
[高考佳句]Besides，every student may have different weak and strong subjects，so they should learn from each other so that they can have more advantages than disadvantages.(2021 年广东高考·总分值作文)此外，每个学生都有不同的弱势学科和优势学科，因此他们应该彼此学习，从而有更多的优点而不是缺点。

(1)advantage n．优势；有利条件
take advantage of 利用
have an advantage over 胜过
(2)at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
advantages and disadvantages 利与弊
①A man who can think will always have an advantage over others.
能动脑子的人总是会胜过别人。

②He took advantage of the good weather to go for a walk.他趁着天气好，出去散散步。

accuse vt.控诉，控告；指责；谴责
[教材原句]He was accused of piracy by the music industry.音乐界控告他盗版。

(doing)sth. 控告/指责某人(做了)某事
＝charge sb.with(doing)sth.
accuse sb.as... 控告某人为……
accuse...for... 因……而责怪……
①Though this young man was accused as a thief，he was very calm.
尽管这位年轻人被指控为小偷，但他非常镇静。

②He accused his boss of having broken (break) his word.他指责老板不守信用。

function vi.起作用，充当，正常运转(工作)，活动n. 作用，功能；职能，职责
[一词多义]写出句中function的词性和含义
①Successful product design takes into consideration a product's function，purpose，shape，form，color and so on.(2021年上海高考·阅读填词) n.功能
②The brain performs a very important function—it controls the nervous system of the body. n. 作用
③Research suggests that night owls feel most alert and function best in the evenings and at night. v i. 活动
④You know I can't function without a coffee in the morning. v i. 正常工作
function as... 担任/起……作用，具有……
function well(properly)/normally/efficiently
运转良好/正常/高效
⑤The building functioned as a movie theater until 1952.
直到1952年，这栋建筑物一直是座电影院。

escape vi.逃跑，逃离，逃脱vt.避开，防止；被遗忘，被忽略n. 逃离，逃脱
[教材原句]It was too fast for them to escape.
对他们来说这太快了，无法逃离。

escape from 从……逃走；逃脱，逃跑
escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
have a narrow escape 幸运逃脱，九死一生
escape sb. 想不起来……，……被遗忘
①Last year he had a narrow escape in a big fire，and he doesn't want to risk his life a second time.
去年他在一次大火中死里逃生，因此他不想再去冒生命危险了。

②It is said that he narrowly escaped being killed(kill) in the traffic accident.
据说他在那场交通事故里死里逃生。

诠释2个核心短语
add to使增强，使增加，使扩大
[教材原句]To add to the virtual world of RealCine，the headsets even have small openings that give out smells to match the environment.
给RealCine虚拟世界锦上添花的是，耳机上甚至还有一些小孔，可以释放出与环境相匹配的气味。

add up 合计，相加
add up to 合计为，结果是
add...to... 把……加到……中
活添加快乐，使生活更有意义。

②Please add all the figures up，and you will get the total.
请把所有数字加起来，这样你就会得到总数。

put forward提出，提议；推荐；将……提前；拨快(时钟指针) [高考佳句]The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.(2021年天津高考·单项填空)
经理提出一个建议：我们应该有个助手。

[一词多义]写出句中put forward的含义
①My watch was slow, so I put it forward three minutes. 拨快
②They are to put forward the date of our meeting by one month. 提前
③Newton put forward three laws of motion in the book. 提出
put away 把……收拾好，整理；储蓄
put aside 把……放到一边；暂不考虑
put down 放下，写下，记下；镇压
put on 穿上；上演；增加
put off 推迟，延期
put up 搭建；张贴；为……提供住宿
put through 接通；完成
put out 扑灭；熄(灯)
④Put aside this question for a moment.
这个问题先撇开不谈。

⑤First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.
首先他开了家商店，然后他在商店外面挂了一个条幅来吸引顾客。

【导学号：92872064】
突破2个高考句型
(教材P42)Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment...
使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音……
句中“not only...but(also)．..〞连接的是两个并列分句，意为“不仅……，而且……〞。

①She speaks English not only in class but (also) at home.
她不仅在课堂上讲英语而且在家也讲。

(1)连接两个对称的并列成分，此时also可以省略。

(2)not only 引导的分句放在句首，此分句要局部倒装。

但but also连接的分句不倒装。

(3)连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致(即就近原那么)。

②Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy schoolwork，it also promoted the friendship among us.
它不仅使我们接近大自然，摆脱繁重的功课得以放松，而且还能促进我们之间的友谊。

③Not only the student but also the teacher is/was(be) against the plan.
不仅学生们，连这位教师也反对这个方案。

[名师点津]适用于“就近原那么〞的构造还有：either...or...，neither...nor...，not...but...等。

(教材P53)In my opinion，it is about time we had new computers.
在我看来，我们应该有新的电脑了。

句型“It's about time sb.did sth.〞意为“是某人该做某事的时候了〞，该句型还可以改为“It's(about/high) time(that)sb.should do sth.〞构造。

①It is high time that we cheered for our favorite football team.
是我们为最喜欢的足球队呐喊加油的时候了。

由time构成的其他句型还有：
It's time(for sb.)to do sth.是该(某人)做某事的时候了
It/This/That is/was the...time……次做某事
，had won(win)a gold medal in a Winter Olympics.
那是第一次一个加拿大人在冬奥会上赢得金牌。

③It is time for the government to take(take) effective measures to control the house prices.
该到政府采取有效措施来控制房价的时候了。

[链接写作]一句多译
到了他考虑如何处理这笔钱的时候了。

①
(It's time that...)
②(It's time for sb.to do...)
【导学号：92872065】【答案】①It's time that he considered/should consider what to do with the money. ②It's time for him to consider what to do with the money.
[多角快练]——练单词练短语练句型——————————————
根底考点全面练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Last not least, I'd like to thank all the catering staff.
2．When seeking for a job, a college graduate is at disadvantage in terms of working experience. 【导学号：92872066】
3．Being (confidence)is the first step toward becoming successful.
4．Palm trees far away look as if they (float) in the sky.
5．I find it hard (master) a foreign language.
6．You can exit the system by (press) the F3 button.
7．It's reported that the driver tried to escape (punish) after knocking four people to death.
8．(compare) with conducting an interview by QQ online, a face­to­face interview in person can provide people with more reliable details.
【答案】
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．He rejected all the proposals that put forward by the committee.
2．I think her outstanding performance at the party was really amazed.
3．It's high time that we must set about doing our homework.
【导学号：92872067】
4．When we read newspapers, we often come into such English words as “AIDS〞and “PK〞．
5．He held on the rock to stop himself slipping.
6．The office is furnished with modern furniture.
7．We are constant wondering and trying to find out what's over the hill and beyond the horizon.
8．There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and disappointing.
【答案】
重难考点多维练
1．accuse万花筒
(1)介词填空
①We accused him immoral conduct toward her.
②Six days later, the police arrested him and charged him murder.
(2)句式升级
③He was accused of cheating in the examination and he was in low spirits.
→(用过去分词短语作状语)
【答案】①of②with③Accused of cheating in the examination，he was in low spirits.
2．add短语全接触
(1)用add 短语的正确形式填空
①I don't think these facts anything.
②Well，I could be wrong，but it all seems to ．
③The letter tensions between western and eastern EU members.
(2)翻译句子
④大雨增加了营救被掩埋群众的困难。

【答案】①add up to②add up③added to④The heavy rain added to the difficulty in rescuing the buried people.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据教材P42
课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单－43
词的正确形式。

RealCine is unlike an ordinary film.The technology behind it is virtual 1. (real)．When you see the film，it 2.(excite) all your five senses.It can make you feel you are a character in the film.When you see the film 3.(set)in the Himalayas，you not only feel every step of climbing a mountain 4.you can also experience the cold，smells，sights，and sound of the 5.(surround) environment.
In order to make you feel that you are actually in the film，special headsets 6. (design) to enable you to see the world of 3-D animation and hear the sound clearly.The directions in 7.you want to go are indicated by the movements of the headsets.And these movements 8.(monitor) continuously as you move around inside the film.Smells are given out 9.the small opening in the headsets.Both the headsets and the gloves 10.(connect) to a computer network in the VR studio.
【答案】 1.reality 2.excites 3.set 4.but 5.surrounding 6.are designed 7.which8.are monitored9.through10.are connected
Ⅱ.课文短文改错
根据教材P58课文内容，对下面材料进展修改。

文中共有10处语言错误，
每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

In 1863，Professor Otto Lindenbrock found a secret message in a old book he recently bought.The message spoke of a trip to the centre of the Earth through a volcano in Iceland.Immediate, he got his things packed and went to Iceland，forced his nephew Axel to go with him.
In Iceland，the professor hired a guide names Hans.Then the three of them began their journeys in a boat.On their way, they came into many strange creatures and their boat were rushed forward into a large hole.When they reached the bottom of the hole, the water pushed themselves out into the sunlight.Their adventure was over，and a new one was about to begin.
【答案】第一句：第二个a改为an；recently 前加had第三句：Immediate 改为Immediately；forced 改为forcing第四句：names改为named第五句：journeys改为journey；第六句：into改为across；去掉were第七句：themselves 改为them第八句：and改为but
Ⅲ.高考话题微写作
根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文并背诵成文。

1．科学技术的不断开展给我们带来了许多便利。

(constant，convenience) 2．以最新的智能手机为例，我们不仅可以打，发短信，还可以用它来上网、网上聊天、收发电子邮件等。

(not only...but also)
3．借助于虚拟现实技术，我们足不出户就可以周游世界。

(sightseeing)
4．我们相信科学技术将为我们未来的生活带来更多惊喜。

(confident)
5．尽管这些创造给我们带来了快乐，在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，但我们也不能无视它们的缺点。

(function，disadvantage)
6．最后但是同样重要的是，在我们享受科技成就带给我们的这一切的同时，我们也要学会利用科学技术来保护我们的家园——地球。

(last but not least)
【参考范文】
The constant development of science and technology has brought us much convenience.Take the latest smartphones for example.Not only can we make phone calls and send text massage with it，but also we can surf the Internet，chat online and receive or send e-mails，etc.We can go sightseeing around the world by using the technology of virtual reality without leaving our homes.We are confident that science and technology will give us more surprises.Though these inventions have brought us happiness and are performing an important function in our life，we shouldn't ignore their st but not least，while we are enjoying what the scientific achievements have brought us，we have to learn to make use of the science and technology to protect our home—the earth.。