初二上册英语第二单元知识点归纳

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初二上册英语第二单元知识点归纳
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
知识点讲解
1.How often do you exercise?你多久锻炼一次?
【解析】本句是含有特殊疑问词how often 的特殊疑问句。

how often 多久一次,用于对动作发生的频率进行提问。

回答应该是频度副词或表示频率的词组,如always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly,ever,never,every day,once a week,three times a day 等。

Eg.—How often do you go to the movies?你多久去看一次电影?
—Once a week. 一周一次。

how often: 多久一次,用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数,答语有never, sometimes, often, usually, always, three times a year等。

how long: 多长时间,用来对“for + 一段时间”提问,强调时间的延续,其谓语动词应为延续性动词;此外,还可用于询问物体的长度。

how soon: 需要多长时间,过多久才……对“in+一段时间”或” ,②“since+时间段+ago”等时间短语提问,答语有in a week/ month/ year等。

how far:多远,用来询问距离,答语常用“数字 + miles/ kilometers”等。

由how形成的特殊疑问词
·基本用法
由how形成的特殊疑问词很多,具体提问内容不同,主要有:
1. how often 提问事情发生的频率。

How often do we do this?
我们多长时间做一次这事?
2. how long 提问事情持续时间的长短。

How long have you had it?
你有这个毛病有多久了?
3. how soon 意为“还要多久”,是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问常用在一般将来时态的句子中。

How soon could you get back to me?
你多快能给我回话呢?
4. how fast 提问多快。

How fast can this car go?
这车能跑多快?
5. how many 提问可数名词的数量多少。

But how many of us achieve all these goals?
但是我们中有多少人实现了所有这些目标呢?
6. how much 提问不可数名词的数量多少以及询问价钱;
当询问价格时,后面一定是跟物品而非价格,如How much are the shoes?
How much money do you owe him?
你该他多少钱?
7. how far 提问距离多远。

How far can you chunk a pumpkin?
你能把一个南瓜扔多远呢?
3)how often 表示“多久一次”,是对动作的频率进行提问。

其回答通常有: 频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never how often 次数+时间段:
如:once or twice a week
every +时间段:
every day (每天) 区别:everyday (每天的;日常的) 注意:表示“一次或两次”时,一般用once 和twice 表示。

如:once a month(一个月一次)
而表示“三次或以上”时,则用“数词+times ”结构。

如:five times a year (一
年五次)
4) 由how 构成的疑问词组的用法
(1many+ 可数名词复数 如:how many programs how much+不可数名词。

如:how much coffee
但how much=what ’s the price of..? 还有“多少钱”的意思 如:
How much are those pants?
(2)how many times: “多少次”. 其答语表示次数。

如:once ,twice ,three times 等
(3) How old...? 询问年龄 如:How old are you? I am five.
多久(时间) 常用 for two days ,for three hours 等回答。

(某物的长度) 如:---How long is the river? --- 10 kms.
(5)how soon 用来询问过多久,多久以后,其答语是in two hours ,in three days 等。

如:How soon wil he come back ? In an hour 。

【解析】exercise v 锻炼 =do sports= play sports
【短语】take /have/do exercise 做运动 do morning exercise 做早操
do eye exercise 做眼保健操
【拓展】exercise 作名词时,意为“锻炼;运动”时是不可数名词,意为“体操;练习”时是可数名词。

例如:
I should eat less food and take more exercise.
我应该少吃饭,多锻炼。

We do morning exercise every morning.
我们每天早上都晨练。

2. help with housework 帮助做家务
(1) help with sth. 意为“帮助做某事”拓展:help sb. with sth.= help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
Eg: I often help him with his English.= I often help him (to) learn English. 我经常帮他学习英语。

(2)housework 意为“家务劳动”。

不可数名词。

· 基本用法
n. housework 家务事,是不可数名词,do housework 相当于do chores 。

She often helps her parents do housework.
她经常帮助父母做家务。

· 知识拓展---相关单词
homework n. 家庭作业
do one's homework 做家庭作业
He usually does his homework at 6:00 o'clock every day.
他每天六点做作业。

1. They have housework to do.A. many B. much
3、What do you usually do on weekends? 你在周末做什么?
“ I usually play soccer.”“我通常踢足球。


解析:第一个do为助动词,在这起帮助构成疑问的作用;而第二个do则是实义动词。

Eg1)What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.
Eg2)What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking.
1. 这些副词在句子中的位置基本相同,一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。

2. hardly和never均为否定副词,有二者的句子不需再加no或not构成否定,因其本身就是否定句。

3. 就这些表示拼读的副词提问时,常用how often。

【拓展】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes
【口诀】:分开是一段,合起是某时;分开s 是倍次,合起s是某时
(1)some time一段时间,做时间状语
It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间
sometime adv 在某个时候,
()I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.
A. sometimes
B. some times
C. sometime
D. some time
(3) some times 名词词组,“几次,几倍”
sometimes=at times 有时(一般现在时的标志词)
-______ do you write an English article for our school newspaper? —Sometimes.
A. How long
B. How often
C. How much
D. How far
【解析2】
【解析】on weekends = on Saturday and Sunday 在周末
on weekdays= from Monday to Friday 在工作日
( ) The teachers never arrive late for work from Monday to Friday.
A. on weekdays
B. on weekends
C. every day
D. five times a week.
辨析:sometimes ,some times ,sometime , some time
sometimes 是频度副词,意为“有时;间或”,表示动作发生的频率,相当于at times提问。

常用于一般现在时与一般过去时。

提问用how often
some times 是名词短语,意为“几倍、几次”。

time作可数名词时可作“次数”解;表示“时间”时是不可数名词。

How mang times
sometime 某个时候。

可指过去或将来的某个时候。

提问用when
some time 一段时间。

常与for连用。

对它提问用how long 。

口诀记忆:分开“一段时间”;相聚“某个时候”。

Eg:Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。

I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某个时候我要去上海。

He reads the story some times. 他读这个故事几遍了。

I’ll stay here for some time. 我将会在这儿呆一段时间。

练习:
① We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我们打算在海南呆一段时间。

② I am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。

③ I have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。

4. Hardly ever 几乎从不
【解析】hard (1)adv 努力地,猛烈地 work hard 努力工作 study hard 努力学习
(2) adj. 困难的,艰难的 =difficult
◆It’s hard/difficult for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是困难的
It’s hard for us ____________(finish) the work without other’s help.
【拓展】hardly adv “几乎不,从来不”,表否定意义,常与can ,any ,ever 连用。

I can hardly believe it.
( ) It’s raining ____ .People can _____ go out.
A. hard; hardly
B. hardly; hard
C. hard ; hard
D. hardly ; hardly 【注】形容雨雪下的大用hard/heavy
辨析:hard/hardly
1. hard可充当形容词和副词两种角色。

(1)用作形容词有“硬的”,“困难的、艰难的”的意思。

其中用作“难的”讲时,在口语中与difficult通用。

The problem is too hard, I can't work it out.
这个问题太难了,我算不出来。

(2)用作副词,意为“努力地、刻苦地”,“猛烈地”,hard用作“猛烈地”讲时,同heavily 相同。

He works hard only before exams.
他只在考试前努力学习。

It is raining hard outside. You can't go out.
外面正下着大雨。

你不能出去。

2. hardly只用作副词,意思是“几乎不”、“仅仅”、“才”,表示否定概念,常和any连用。

hardly any相当于 almost no(not)。

hardly是具有否定意味的词,
它不能再与其它否定词一起连用,在由它构成的反意疑问句中,尾句的疑问式须用肯定式。

Hardly anybody(Almost nobody) came to the meeting.
几乎没有人来开会。

hardly 几乎不,一般位于动词之前。

hard 努力,位于动词之后。

eg:He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。

He works hard. 他工作努力。

5. use the Internet 用互联网
use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事eg:I use a knife to cut bread. 我用刀切面包。

短语:on the Internet 在网上, surf the Internet 网上冲浪,上网
5. What’s your favorite program?你最喜欢的节目是什么?
句型:What’s your favorite...?=What... do you like best?你最喜欢的......是什么?
1.What’s your favorite animal?你最喜欢的动物是什么?= _______________________
【解析】favorite adj. 最喜欢的 = like …..best
one’s favorite + 名词某人最喜欢的 ___________(I) favorite subject is English.
--- What’s your favorite ______, Bob? --- Cats. They’re so lovely.
A. plant
B. job
C. sport
D. animal
6. Are you free next week?你下周有空吗?
free 意为“空闲的,有空的”,反义词busy。

be free 意为“闲着,有空”
eg::He is free now.他现在有空。

拓展:free还可译为“免费的”
Eg:The tickets are free. 票是免费的
【解析】free ①adj. 空闲的 be free = have time 有时间
② adj. 自由的,免费的
be free to do sth 随心所欲的做某事
7.twice a week一周两次
【解析】英语中,once表示“一次”,twice表示“两次”,从三次或三次以上通常用“基数词+times”表示,time 在这里是可数名词,
意为“次数”,复数形式直接加“s”,如:“六次”six times,“十次”ten times。

·知识拓展---其他用法
1. once 作时间副词,once upon a time“从前”,多用在过去时中;介词短语at once 意为“立刻、马上”。

2. 用于状语从句中,表示“一旦……”。

如:
Once the sun had set, the air turned cold.
太阳一落,空气就变冷了。

3. 就“次/倍数”名词提问用how many times, 就“次数+a+week/month等”提问用how often。

4. twice以及“基数词+times”还表示倍数,即“两倍或几倍”。

2)表示“……几次”的表达方法是:
once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year
twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year
8. Hmm...next week is quite full for me,Jack.呣……下周我很忙,杰克。

quite full 很忙,相当忙.
拓展:1.full 还可译为“满的,充满的”。

Eg:The bus was full when they got there. 翻译______________________________________ 2.full 还可译为“饱的”。

Eg:I can’t eat any more,I am quite full. 我不能再吃了,我相当饱了。

【解析】 full adj. 忙的 = busy
adj. 满的;充满的 be full of = be filled with 充满This shelf is full of / filled with books.
— Help yourself to some more meat,Linda.
— ___________.
A. I’m full, thanks
B. It’s my pleasure
C. It doesn’t matter
D. Very well, thank you
adj. full 满的;充满的;充分的,充足的,完全的
The glass is full.
杯子满了。

full-time job 全职工作
·知识拓展:常用短语be full of = be filled with“充满的,富有的”
This shelf is full of / filled with books.
The room is full of people. We can't go in.
房子里满是人,我们进不去。

反义词 empty “空的”
full adj. 吃饱的;过饱的,其反义词是hungry,意为“饥饿的”。

Eg. Are you hungry or full?你饿了还是饱了?
词义辨析:fill/full
1. fill为及物动词,表“使……满”,常与介词with搭配,表达“被……充满”时用be filled with结构。

如:
The bottle is filled with water.
这只瓶子装满了水。

He was filled with joy at the news.
听到这个消息,他内心充满了喜悦。

2. full是形容词,多作表语,表示主语所处的状态,常见于be full of结构中。

如:
The schoolbag is full of books.
书包里装满了书。

注:be filled with = be full of,但介词with与of 不能混淆。

如:
The room is full of people. = The room is filled with people.
9、She sometimes goes shopping. 她有时去购物。

【解析】 shop ① n 商店= store
②v 购物 go shopping 去购物 do some shopping 购物
I often go with my friends on weekends. (shop)
【拓展】go +动词ing
go swimming 去游泳 go skating 去滑冰 go fishing 去钓鱼
go boating 去划船 go hiking 去远足 go hunting去打猎
( ) — It’s a fine day. How about ______? — Sounds great!
A. go hiking
B. go to hike
C. going hiking
D. to go to hike 【解析】sometimes为频度副词,意为“有时候”,多用于一般现在时或一般过去时中。

辨析: sometimes, sometime, some time与some times
Sometimes意为“有时”,可放于句首或句中。

(How often提问)
Sometime表示在某个时间段内的某个时候,既可以表示过去某个时间也可以表示将来的某个时间。

(When提问)
Some time 名词性短语,意为“一些时间”,time是不可数名词,意为“时间”。

(How long 提问)
Some times表示“几次”,time是可数名词,表示“次;次数”。

(How many times提问)
Eg. Even friends sometimes disagree. 即使是朋友,有时也会意见不合。

I hope to see you again sometime next year. 我希望明年的某个时候能再见到你。

Please give me some time to red this passage.请给我一些时间看这篇文章。

I have been to Beijing some times before. 我以前去过北京几次。

10、 How come? 怎么会?怎么回事?
How come?是固定表达,意为“怎么回事?/怎么会?”表示某件事情很奇怪,有点想不通;可单独使用,也可引导一个问句,相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。

How come Tom didn’t come to the party? = Why didn’t Tom come to the party?
11. I have dance and piano lessons. 我要上舞蹈课和英语课。

have 在此意为“上……课”。

Eg: They’re having an English lesson. 他们正在上英语课。

扩展:have lessons 上课, Lesson One 第一课
12. Well ,how about Tuesday?哦,那周二呢?
How about...? (=What about...?) 意为“……怎么样?”,用来征求对方的意见。

Eg: How about this book? 这本书怎样?
How / What about doing sth. ...? 做……怎么样?
Eg:---What will we do on Sunday?星期天我们什么?
---How about visiting the museum?去参观博物馆咋样?
1. It’s sunny today,What about ________(play)tennis?
13.I go to the movies maybe once a month.我可能一月去看电影一次。

【解析】maybe adv. 大概;或许;可能
Eg. Maybe that man is a police man. 或许那人是警察。

【解析1】go to the movies = go to the cinema = see the film 去看电影
【解析2】maybe/may be辨析:
(1) maybe =perhaps adv 也许,可能,表示推测,通常用于句首,在句中作状语。

( ) ______ Li Hua wants to be an astronaut like Yang Liwei.
A. May be
B. May
C. Also
D. Maybe
(2)may be 是“情态动词may +动词原形be”, 或许,可能是,也表示推测,在句中作谓语。

可以和maybe 互换。

Tom’s pen may be in his backpack.
=Maybe Tom’s pen is in his backpack
Now all of us exercise at ____ least ____ hour a day in and outside school.
A. the ; a
B. a; an
C. /; a
D. /; an
⑶although是连词,意为“虽然,尽管,即使”。

例如:
Although he is young, he knows a lot.虽然他很年轻,但是他知道很多。

【注意】although=though,汉语中可以说“虽然……,但是……”,但英语中although/though 与but不能同时出现在同一个句子中。

14.He plays at least twice a week.他至少一周踢(足球) 两次。

【解析】least adv.最小;最少adj.& pron.最少的;最小的,它是little的最高级。

Eg. He has least money of all of us. 在我们所有人中他的钱最少。

She works least. 她工作最少。

We have least time.我们时间最少。

at least 至少;不少于;起码,其反义短语为:at most 至多
15. On Wednesday and Friday. 在周三和周五
【解析】介词at/ in /on /for表示时间:
1)at.表示某一具体时间点,某一时刻/ 年龄
at six o’clock at noon at that time at the moment at the age of at night 2)in表示时间段,一天的三个时间段以及月份,年,季节,世纪,人生的某个时期(某人几十岁时)
In the morning/afternoon /evening in spring /in 2007/in March
in the twenty-first century in his fifties
3)on表示星期几/某一具体的日子/具体某天的上午/下午/晚上,表示一天中的三个时间段名词前有修饰语或后有修饰语时.
On Monday on New Year’s Day on Sunday morning on a rainy night
g. At least he should say thanks. 他至少应该说声谢谢。

16.“What’s your favorite program?”
“It’s Animal World.”“你最喜欢什么节目?”“动物世界。


【解析】favorite adj. 最喜欢的 = like …..best
one’s favorite + 名词某人最喜欢的 ___________(I) favorite subject is English. --- What’s your favorite ______, Bob? --- Cats. They’re so lovely.
A. plant
B. job
C. sport
D. animal
17. I watch TV every day. 我每天都看电视
【解析】 (1) every day 每天= each day 做状语,放在句末,
对其提问用 how often
He exercises every day.
(2) everyday adj. 每天的,作定语,修饰名词,放在名词之前
everyday English 日常英语
18.As for homework , most students do homework every day .
解析:as for...意思是“至于;关于”,常用于句首作状语,其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式(即动名词)。

如:As for him,I never want to see him here. 至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到。

As for the story,you'd better not believe it. 关于那故事,你最好不要相信。

As for myself, I don’t want to go now. 至于我自己,我现在不想去。

As for the man, I know nothing about him. 至于那个人,我什么都不知道。

19. They often help with housework. 他们经常帮忙做家务。

【解析】help v 帮助→helpful adj 有帮助的
=My mom helps me with my homework.
② My teacher’s words are ________(help) to me.
( )③A lot of vegetables can help us ____ in good ____.
A. keep; health
B. to keep; healthy
C. keeping ;health
D.keeps; health
20. —What kind of dance are you learning ? 你在学什么舞?
— Swing dance 摇摆舞
【解析】kind (1) n 种类 kind of +adj.有点,有几分,kind of cold 有点冷
a kind of 一种的,某种的 all kinds of 各种各样的 different kinds of 不同种类的What kind of…?哪种…?
. - What______ bowl of noodles would you like, small, medium or large?
- A large bowl of beef noodles, please. A. color B. price C. size D. kind (2) adj. 友好的 be kind to sb. =be friendly to sb. 对某人友好
It's kind _ you _ help me with my English.
A. of; to
B. for; to
C. of; for
D. to; to
【解析2】swing n 秋千 There is a kid playing on the swing. v. 摆动,荡秋千swing dance 摇摆舞【记】s + wing(翅膀) →swing
21.no adj. (1)没有的= not any/not a /not an
There is no chalk on the teacher’s desk. = There is not a chalk on the teacher’s desk.
(2) no 不要,禁止
No swimming !禁止游泳No parking! 禁止停车!No photos! 禁止拍照!
22. How about Tuesday? 那么周二呢?
【解析】 How about = what about... ......怎么样?(用来询问对方的情况或征求意见) How about doing sth = what about doing sth?
① How about _______________(go) swimming?
②— What about ____ a rest?
— OK! Let’s go for a walk.
A. to have
B. had
C. have
D. having
23. How often do they stay up late? 他们多久熬一次夜?
【解析】stay up 熬夜 = sit up
.stay up与stay up late区别
1)stay up “熬夜、不睡觉”
如:He stayed up all night to write his story.他熬了一整夜写他的小说。

2)stay up late“熬夜到很晚,迟睡”
如:Don’t stay up late next time.下次不要再熬夜很晚了。

stay at home 呆在家里 stay away from 远离
( ) If you stay up , you will be tired.
A. go to bed late
B. don’t go to bed
C. work hard
D. sleep early
24. How often do you eat junk food? 你多久吃一次垃圾食品?
【解析】 junk food 垃圾食品 green food 绿色食品
natural food 天然食品 healthy food 健康食品
25. 频度副词
【解析】频度副词表示经常性的动作或情况,常和一般现在时连用,表示现在经常或反复发生的动作,按其频率发生的高低分别是:always 总是; usually 通常;often 经常; sometimes 有时;hardly ever 几乎不;never 从不。

对这些频度副词进行提问时,用特殊疑问词how often,意为“多久一次”。

Eg. They always go to the park by bus. 他们总是乘公共汽车去公园。

Kate is often late for school. 凯特经常上学迟到。

I sometimes_watch TV programs.(对画线部分提问)
How often do you watch TV programs? 你多久看一次电视节目?
26. But my mother wants me to drink it. 但我妈妈想让我喝它。

w ant为及物动词,意为“想要”,其后接名词或动词不定式,相当于would like, 但would like 的语气更为委婉。

want sb. to do sth.= would like to do sth. 意为“想让某人做某事”,否定形式为want sb. not to do sth. 意为“不想让某人做某事”。

Eg:She wants me to bring him some pens. 她想让我给她带些钢笔。

拓展:1.want sth. 想要某物Do you want any story books?你想要些故事书吗?
ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
2.want to do sth. 想要做某事I want to visit my uncle. 我想去看望我的叔叔。

Do you want (tell)me anything?
27.She says it's good for my health. 她说它对我的健康有益。

·基本用法
be good for “对……有益,对……有好处”,介词for 后接名词或代词。

It's not good for your eyes to read books in the sun.
太阳底下看书对眼睛不好。

·知识拓展
反义词
be bad for “对……有害”
It's bad for the environment to throw rubbish everywhere.
到处扔垃圾对环境不好。

词义辨析:be good(bad) to/be good(bad) for/be good(bad) at
1. be good to意为“对……友好”。

My friend was good to me when I was ill.
我生病的时候,朋友对我很好。

2. be good for意为“对……有好处”.
Eating more vegetables is good for your health.
多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。

3. be good at 意为“擅长……”,后接名词、代词或v-ing形式.
I'm good at playing chess.
我擅长下象棋。

4. be bad to 对...态度不好,对…差劲
He is bad to me.
他对我不友好。

5. be bad for 对…有害处.
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
太阳底下看书对眼睛不好。

6. be bad at 不善于,拙于
She is bad at keeping secrets.
她不善于保守秘密。

7、 be good with 与……相处融洽
The teacher is good with his students. 这位老师和他的学生相处融洽。

. be good to 对……友好
My new deskmate is good to me. 我的新同桌对我很友好。

health n. 健康,是不可数名词。

I think health is more important than money. 我认为健康比金钱更重要。

be in good/poor health 身体状况好/不好
My grandparents are both in good health. 我祖父母身体都很好。

healthy adj.健康的
We should eat healthy food. 我们应当吃健康的食物。

unhealthy adj.不健康的
Junk food is unhealthy. 垃圾食品是不健康的。

keep healthy = keep fit = stay healthy=keep in good health 保持健康
【拓展】n+y=adj. windy , cloudy, sunny, funny , snowy.
① Doing sports can help us keep ___________(health)
② They eat very ____________(health).
③ Mike is good for our ____________(health).
④ I think eating more _____ food can help us keep _____.
A. health; healthy
B. healthy ; health
C. healthy; healthy
28.How many hours do you sleep every night?你每天晚上睡几个小时?
【解析】how many 和how much
how many和how much都可以表示“多少”,但how many后接可数名词复数,而how much后接不可数名词。

Eg. How many girls can you see? 你能看见多少个女孩?
How much milk do you want? 你想要多少牛奶?
29. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 上个月我们向学生询问了他们业余活动的情况。

ask sb. about sth. “询问某人关于某事”
Eg:I asked my teacher about today’s homework. ____________________________。

【解析1 】ask sb about sth 向某人询问有关……的情况
ask sb to do sth请/要某人去做某事(否定形式)ask sb. not to do sth
ask sb. for sth 向某人要某物
【解析2】active adj. 活跃的→activity n 活动My friend is _______________(active).
30. Although many students like to watch sports. 虽然许多学生喜欢看体育节目
【解析】although=though conj 虽然,即使;不能与but 连用,引导让步状语从句
.although=though虽然<不能与but连用>
如:Although he is old, he is quite strong.(He is old, but he is quite strong.) 解析:句子中,有although或though就不可再用but,但可用yet或still“仍然,还”;与之类似的情况:有because就不能再用so.
( ) ①_____ he isn’t rich enough, he often gives away money to some poor children.
A. Though
B. When
C. Because
D. If
( ) ②____ he is very tried, he still tries ______.
A. Because ; work
B. Because; to work
C. Although; working
D. Although ;to work
my father isn’t pleased with his working environment, he still works hard.
A. And
B. Although
C. But
D. Before
31. Here are the results. 这是(调查)结果。

here 位于句首,句子要倒装。

当主语是名词性短语时,要用全倒装,即“here +谓语+主语”;当主语是人称代词时,要用半倒装,即“here+ 主语+谓语”。

Eg:Here is your jacket. 这是你的夹克。

Here he comes. 他来到这儿。

Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。

32、.…twenty percent students don’t exercise at all. …百分之20的学生根本不锻炼。

①. 百分数由percent来表示,构成:基数词+percent 。

Eg:Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. 男生中70%喜欢完电脑游戏。

② not... at all 意为“一点儿也不,根本不”。

用来加强否定语气。

Eg:I don’t know about it at all. 对那件事我一点也不知道。

拓展:not at all = you are welcome 意为“不用谢,不客气”用于答谢的礼貌用语。

—Thank you for all your help. 谢谢你的帮助。

—Not at all. 别客气。

33、. Although many students like to watch sports,game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看运动类节目,但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。

although 连词。

意为“虽然,尽管”。

but 意为“但是”。

英语中,although与but不能同时使用。

Eg:Although it rained,the boys still played outside.
= It rained,but the boys still played outside. 尽管天下雨了,但男孩们仍在外面玩耍。

1. My cousin knows a lot about geography, he is only four years old.
A. because
B. so
C. although
34.It's good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows,but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.尽管通过上网或观看游戏节目对放松很有好处,但是我们认为锻炼是最好的放松方式。

【解析】这是一个“It’s+adj++to do sth.”的句型结构,意为“做某事是…..”。

其中it 是形式主语,真正主语是动词不定式 to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows;
拓展:It’s + adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary) +(for sb.) to do sth.
It’s+adj+(for sb.)+to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”。

该句中的形容词用于描述事物的特征,表客观情况,如difficult(困难的),hard(困难的),easy(容易的)
Eg:It’s very important to listen carefully in class. 上课认真听讲很重要。

It’s easy for us to swim. 对我们来说游泳很容易。

It’s +adj( kind, honest, friendly, )+(of sb) to do sth.:意为“某人做某事是…….”,该句中的形容词用于描述人物的品质,表主观情感和态度。

句型“It is+adj.+(for sb)to do sth."和“It is+adj.+(of sb)to do sth.区别
"两个句型中,for sb和of sb怎么区别,在使用时要注意adj是说明sb的品质特点的还是说明to do sth的就可以了.
即:说明sb的品质特点用of sb;说明to do sth用for sb.,
简单一句话说就是:说人的用of sb.;说事的用for sb。

1)for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,important
,impossible等;
如:It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

如:It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。

例:It is difficult for him to finish the task within two hours.(difficult 说明完成任务难)
It is kind of you to help me.(kind说明你善良)
By在此处表示方式、方法、手段,意为“凭借;靠;用;通过”。

其后通常接名词或动名词,作方式状语,可放在句首也可放在句末。

By作为介词用法:by+交通工具乘…. by+时间在….之前,到….为止 by+地点在…..旁边;靠近…..
35、Although many students like to watch sports. 虽然许多学生喜欢看体育节目
【解析】 although=though conj 虽然,即使;不能与but 连用,引导让步状语从句
【解析】through + 手段、媒介“以,凭借,穿过” by + ving/ 工具名词
【辨析】through/across
(1)through “从……中经过”,强调动作发生在立体空间,指从物体的空间内部穿过,如门、窗、洞、森林等
(2) across “横越,穿过” , 指从表面走过或从一边到另一边。

( )①_____ he isn’t rich enough, he often gives away money to some poor children.
A. Though
B. When
C. Because
D. If
( )②____ he is very tried, he still tries ______. A. Because ; work B. Because; to work C. Although; working D. Although ;to work
across/along/over/through/past
这些词均有“横过、穿过”之意。

across 指“从……的一边到另一边”,强调横过,多与动态动词连用。

along 指沿着一条直线在水平方向上运动。

一般表动态,有时也与静态动词连用。

over 常和动态动词连用,指“从……上面越过”或“横越”;表静态时,指“在彼处”。

through 侧重从一端穿到另一端。

past (时间、数量等)过;通过,经过;(范围、程度、能力等)超过
She walked across the floor and lay down on the bed.
她走过地板躺在了床上。

Pedro walked along the street alone.
佩德罗独自一人沿着这条街走。

The plane is flying over the bridge.
飞机正在从桥上飞过。

The car slushed through the village.
汽车在泥泞中穿过了村庄。

The boys walked past our house.
孩子们走过我们的房子。

Some of his poems are past comprehension.
他的某些诗作无法理解。

36.Exercise such as playing sports is fun,and you can spend time with your friends
and family as you play together.像参加体育运动这样的锻炼是有趣的,并且你可以与你
的朋友和家人一起花费时间进行锻炼。

【解析】such as 例如;像……这样表示举例,相当于like。

Eg. I like animals such as cats and dogs. 我喜欢动物,像猫和狗。

such as结构既可表示为“名词+such as+例子”,也可表示为“such+名词+as+例子”。

Eg. I enjoy songs such as this one.=I enjoy such songs as this one.我喜欢像这首歌
一样的歌。

【解析1】such as/ for example辨析:
(1)such as “例如,像……一样”常常列举同类人或物中的几个例子,放在被列举的事
物与前面的名词之间。

I like all kinds of sports such as running and swimming.
(2)for example 一般只列举同类人或物中的“一个”,做插入语,位于句首、句中或句末。

such as/such…as…
1. such as是短语连词,意为"诸如","例如",引出的是such前面的词的同位语。

John likes to make furniture, such as chairs and tables. 约翰喜欢做家具,如桌子
和椅子之类。

2. such…as…意为"像……那样的","如……之类的"。

such之后可跟可数名词,也可跟不
可数名词。

名词前还可以加其他形容词作修饰语。

I want to buy such books as are about science and technology.
我想买有关科技方面的书。

Don't read such books as you can't understand.
He didn’t spend much time on his homework. 他没在作业方面花很多时间。

I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. ____________________________________
②spend time\money (in) doing sth.花费时间或金钱做某事
Don’t spend too much time watching TV. 不要花费太多时间看电视。

He always spend his time playing football. ________________________________
Eg: I enjoy playing computer games,but I can’t too much time that.
A.take, doing
B.spend, doing \
C.spend, for doing
D.take, to do
37.And remember,“old habits die hard”.请记住:“旧习惯是很难摈弃的”。

【解析】die v. 消失;消灭;死亡
(1)作“死亡”讲,是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态,强调动作,是瞬间动词,不能与。

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