文学术语1

文学术语1、Romance: It is a narrative verse of prose singing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds. Romances are popular in the medieval period.

2Ballad: :A story told in song, usually in four line stanzas, with the 2nd and the 4th lines rhymed.

3、Renaissance--a thristing curiosity for classical literature;--a keen interest in life and human activities.

4、Humanism--individualism; the joy of the present life; reason; the affirmation of self-worth--Humanism emphasizes the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life. Humanists voiced their beliefs that man was the center of the universe and man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of the present life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.

5、Sonnet: : It is a poem of 14 lines that follows a strict rhyme scheme and specific structure; it expresses a single idea or theme. (Thomas Wyatt first introduced it to England)

6、Shakespearean sonnet: : A Shakespearean sonnet consists of three four-line stanzas (called quatrains) and a final couplet composed in iambic pentameter with the rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg.

7、iambic pentameter:is a form of rhythm that appears in poetry, songs, and some prose compositions. It is most closely associated with poetry, especially English poetry, which lends itself very well to this particular form of rhythm

8、Blank verse: having a regular meter, but no rhyme. (Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey)

9、Spenserian stanza斯宾塞诗体: : Each stanza contains nine lines in total: eight lines in iambic pentameter followed by a single 'Alexandrine' line in iambic hexameter. The rhyme scheme of these lines is "ababbcbcc."

10、--Sonnet 18 by Shakespeare (“Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day”): time, mortality, immortality

11、Cavalier poets骑士诗人: --Reflected the royalist values;--Themes: beauty, love, loyalty, morality;--Style: Direct, short, frankly erotic--Motto: “Carpe Diem”“Seize the Day”

12、Metaphysical school:玄学派--the founder of the Metaphysical school: John Donne--conceit: an extended metahpor involving dramatic contrasts or far-fetched comparisons;

13、Enlightenment启蒙运动--an intellectual movement in Europe in the 18th century;--Reason as the guiding principle for thinking and action;--the belief in eternal truth, eternal justice, natural equality ;--a continuation of Renaissance; (Belief in the possibility of human perfection through education).

14、Neo-classicism:新古典主义--A revival of classical standards of order, harmony, balance, simplicity and restrained emotion in literature in the 18th century.

15、Sentimentalism--the middle and later decades of the 18th c.;--definition: passion