中考各种时态的被动语态举例与专项练习

中考各种时态的被动语态举例与专项练习
各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）
1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）
English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。

Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。

The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。

2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)
The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。

He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。

My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。

3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)
A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。

A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。

I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。

4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)
The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。

The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。

A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。

5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)
Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。

The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。

6．过去完成时(had been+done)
They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。

She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。

He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.
他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。

7.含有情态动词的被动语态
情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。

如：
Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。

Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。

（一般过去时）
Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
动词的主动形式表示被动之意
系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意
常见的系动词有：
① be动词
②……起来（7个）：look/seem/appear, feel(感觉，摸起来), sound, smell, taste
e.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells terrible.
③ (逐渐)变得/变成：become, grow, get, turn, come, go
e.g. His wish has come true.
People often went hungry in the old days.
The tree is growing tall.
④保持：keep, stay
e.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room.
下列动词（词组）没有被动式：
1、happen, take place, break out, belong to
2、不及物动词sell, wash, read , write,等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。

○1、An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。

An accident happened yesterday.
○2、The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。

○3、The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。

○4、This book sells well.这本书畅销。

○5、The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。

○6、The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。

被动语态专项练习
Ⅰ单项选择
1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed
B. should be read
C. must read
D. ought to read
2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked
B. looked after
C. were looked after
D. looked
3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen
B. was given, wasn't listened
C. give, wasn't listened
D. was given, didn't listen
4. When____ the accident _____ ?
A. was, happen
B. did, happen
C. is, happen
D. was, happened
5. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss
B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed
D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded
B. was built
C. builds
D. has been built
7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up
B. have been set up
C. were set up
D. set up
8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished
B. have finished
C. had been finished
D. have been finished
9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown
B. is…grew
C. was…grew
D. was…grown
10. He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised
B. praises
C. have been praised
D. always is praised
11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ .
A. have taken, have been opened
B. take, are open
C. are taken, open
D. have been taken, are opened
12. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking
B. had been taken
C. was taken
D. had taken
13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired
B. is repairing
C. is repaired
D. is being repaired
14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown
B. showed
C. have shown
D. was showing
15. The war______ in 1941.
A. broke out
B. had been broken out
C. was broken out
D. had broken out
16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapor(蒸汽).
A. is heated
B. heating
C. has heated
D. heats
17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .
A. locked
B. locks
C. is locked
D. is locking
18. They ______day and night.
A. are made work
B. are made to work
C. made to be worked
D. are making to work
19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.
A. filled
B. fill
C. full
D. fulled
20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.
A. was sent up
B. is sent up
C. have been sent up
D. has been sent up
21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children.
A. is, singing
B. is, sung
C. will, sing
D. was, sung
22.The windows of our house _____once a week.
A. must clean
B. have cleaned
C. is cleaned
D. are cleaned
23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?
A. was, found
B. was, founded
C. did, found
D. does, found
24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended
B. has mended
C. was mended
D. mended
25. Your exercise books _____ after class.
A. will hand in
B. must hand in
C. handed in
D. must be handed in
26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.
A. be planted
B. plant
C. are planted
D. will be planted
27. The sun _____ at night as usual.
A. can be seen
B. can't see
C. can't be seen
D. doesn't see
28. A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on
B. will be put on
C. is going to put on
D. will be putted on
29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened
B. has been happened
C. happened
D. was going to happen
30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken
B. is broken, was broken
C. was broken, broke
D. has been broken, broken
Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态
1. I saw the boy run yesterday.
2. He told me that he would come back soon.
3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
4. Do you water your flowers every day?
5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.
6. I think that he is right.
7. He had not thrown the bad food.
8. Mother was not mending the trousers.
9. They would not take him to Beijing.
10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.
二、英语书面表达专项训练
2．2019年2月20日，中央宣传部授予北京榜样优秀群体“时代楷模”称号。

时代楷模充分体现“爱国、敬业、诚信、友善”的价值准则。

某网站正在开展以“向时代楷模学习”为主题的英语征文活动。

假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈生活中你该怎么做，以及这样做的意义。

提示词语：pick up, rubbish, study, honest, important
提示问题：● What should you do in your daily life? ● Why do you do so?
As a middle student, I can do a lot to learn from our role models.
【答案】例文
As a middle student, I can do a lot to learn from our role models. First, we can protect the environment. For example, we can pick up the rubbish, recycle things in our daily life, and so on. Second, we shall respect people around us. Respect others to start from small things. Third, behave well. We should be kind to others, warm-hearted to everyone, and generous to our friends. By doing so, our world will become more and more beautiful.
【解析】
【详解】
题干解读：该题目属于应用文写作，但写作时要按照应用文格式写，写作时承接短文开头，具体写出怎样做以及这样做的意义。

例文点评：例文采用的是一段式，人称用的是第一人称复数形式，时态主要用的是一般现在时，描述具体怎么做时，描写细致，条理清晰。

高分亮点：
短语：protect the environment；pick up the rubbish；behave well；be kind to sb；more and more beautiful。

句型：By doing so, our world will become more and more beautiful；we can pick up the rubbish, recycle things in our daily life, and so on。

3．手机在生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，许多中学生沉迷于手机无法自拔，比如你的好友Miller.请根据以下提示点写一篇短文：
1. 去年，Miller对手机游戏非常入迷，而且花大量时间用手机聊天看电影；
2. Miller与家人和朋友交流甚少，离开手机会很焦虑；
3. 昨天还因为走路看手机被自行车撞了，膝盖受伤；
4. 你的建议……
参考词汇：mobile games手机游戏anxious焦虑be crazy about对……入迷要求：
1字数80-100个2开头已经给出不计入总词数3要点齐全，行为连贯，适当发挥
Today more and more people are addicted to(沉迷）playing the mobile phones. Last year, My friend Miller was
【答案】Today more and more people are addicted to(沉迷）playing the mobile phones. Last year，My friend Miller was crazy about mobile games as well. He spent too much time in chatting and watching films on the phone. Miller hardly talked with his family and friends. He lived in his own world. He felt very anxious without mobile phones. Yesterday he was hit by a bike,
because he was watching his phone at that moment. As a result, he hurt his knees badly.
In my opinion, I think we can’t use the mobile phones for a long time, I mean, no more than half an hour a day. Don’t take mob ile phones to school. A mobile phone is just a kind of tool, not our whole life.
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇给材料作文。

首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；再紧扣要点，动笔写作，可适当发挥。

在写作时，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。

同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。

最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。

4．书面表达
初中就要毕业了，校报“英语角”栏目向同学们征集毕业晚会的计划。

假定你是李华，请根据要点写一封信，说说你的计划。

要求：1.要点完整，可适当发挥，使句子通顺，连贯; 2.正确使用语态，语法正确，书写整洁。

3.80词左右，开头结尾己给出，不计入总词数; 4.文中不得出现真实姓名和地名。

Dear editor,
I am very happy to have the chance to show my plan for the graduation party.
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________
Best wishes,
Yours Lihua
【答案】Dear editor,
I'm very happy to have the chance to show my plan for the graduation ceremony. The ceremony will be held in our school hall at 7 o’clock on June 28th.I have planned three activities for it. First of all, we would like to invite our headmaster to make a speech and give us his best wishes for a bright future. After that, every one give each other gifts and blessings. And then each class will give a wonderful performance. In the end, some pictures will be shown to share the happy time we have had together.
This is what we will do. I hope you will choose my plan.
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li hua
【解析】
【分析】
这篇书面表达主要是推荐自己的毕业晚会计划。

【详解】
这是一篇给材料作文，介绍毕业典礼活动计划。

结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般将来时，人称为第一，三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。

写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。

5．回首三年，相信你有满满的回忆。

在你将踏上新的旅程之际，请给新入学的学弟学妹们两则初中生活的建议，并说说原因，让他们的初中生活更加精彩。

请参考下面的思维导图用英语写一篇80词左右的短文。

School life Teachers and friends Schoolwork and activities
My Advice for Junior High
【答案】例文Junior high is an important stage in your life. As a student who is about to enter
junior high, your heart must be filled with expectation. To help you get used to the junior high life, I will share you two pieces of advice. First, establish your routines. By doing this, you can quickly fall into a pattern that feels familiar and comfortable. Second, be sure to try new things. You can join new clubs or take up a new hobby. This will not only get you out of the stressful schoolwork, but also help you make more friends. I hope my advice can be helpful to you and make you enjoy your life in the junior high school.
【解析】
【详解】
这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如as a student，must be，filled with，get used to，relax ourselves，two pieces of advice，fall into，join new clubs，take up，not only…but also，make more friends，be helpful to等。

而非谓语动词结构To help you get used to the junior high life, I will share you two pieces of advice.和As a student who is about to enter junior high, your heart must be filled with expectation./ By doing this, you can quickly fall into a pattern that feels familiar and comfortable./ I hope my advice can be helpful to you and make you enjoy your life in the junior high school.等复杂从句结构的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。

在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。

【点睛】
书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。

它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。

所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。

6．近年来，各大城市雾霾（haze）情况越来越严重，整个国家的空气污染状况令人担忧。

请分析空气污染的现象，原因，应对措施，写一份英文的倡议书，呼吁大家保护环境，减少对空气的污染。

要点提示：
（1）我国空气污染的现象。

（至少写2点）
（2）空气污染产生的原因。

（至少写2点）
（3）减少空气污染的措施。

（至少写2点）
要求：
（1） 80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。

（2）文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。

Dear students ,
As we all know , hazy days have been influencing our lives a lot in recent years . That warns us of the serious
airpollution_____________________________________________________________________ _______
【答案】Dear students,
As we all know, hazy days have been influencing our lives a lot in recent years. That warns us of the serious air pollution. Big factories, power plants and cars all can cause air pollution. For example, chemicals in the smoke from power stations cause a lot of damage. Besides, the people's activities are also the sources of air pollution such as throwing the rubbish and smoking. What's more, the more trees are cut down, the less polluted air can absorb. Air pollution is becoming more and more serious, so we should take some measures such as planting more trees and stop factories from sending out waste air, what's more, we had better walk or take a bus. Protecting the environment is our duty. Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇材料作文，根据材料中的相关信息介绍一下整个国家的空气污染状况。

所提供的材料中列举了近年来，各大城市雾霾（haze）情况越来越严重，主要从空气污染的现象，原因，应对措施三个方面去介绍。

时态为一般现在时。

注意作文中必须包含材料上的所有信息，并适当发挥。

写作时，避免使用汉语式的英语，尽量使用我们熟悉的句子或短语。

语法要正确，表达要符合英语习惯，注意时态、时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问题。

写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系，表达具有条理性。

【高分句型一】
We had better walk or take a bus. 我们最好步行或乘公共汽车。

这里had better表示最好，后面跟动词原形，take a bus表示乘公共汽车。

【高分句型二】
Protecting the environment is our duty. 保护环境是我们的职责。

这里Protecting the environment 做主语，用的是动词的ing形式。

7．书面表达
以“我是…… 的一员”为题，写一篇80-100字的短文，标点符号不占格。

提示：你可以作为任意兴趣小组或社团的一员，或者作为家庭、班级、社区的一员，写出你的经历、感受等。

内容可以包括以下几方面：
Are you glad to be a member of...?
What do you do in it?
How do you feel as such a member?
I’m a member of... (请将题目自行补充完整，已给的单词不计入总词数)
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________
【答案】I’m a Member of the Singing and Dancing Club
Hello, everyone! I’m very glad I'm a member of the Singing and Dancing Club. I have been in this club for 2 years. I’m an actor in the club. Ma ny students in our school have joined the club, so I also have made a lot of friends.We have many activities on campus.Each week,we have two times of training. I sing and dance with my classmates on weekends. Though I am very tired, but I am always happy when I dance.All the members in the club are just brothers and sisters. I like this
club very much.
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇给材料作文。

要求以“我是…… 的一员”为题，写一篇短文。

首先考生需要把题目补充完整，然后根据所给出的材料提示，动笔写作。

文章时态主要用一般现在时和现在完成时，人称主要用第一人称。

在写作时，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。

同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。

【点睛】
首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；同时注意语句要通顺，词汇书写无误，不要出现语法错误。

最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。

8．假设你是来自中国的中学生李华,打算参加当地组织的国外冬令营,看完了这个网页后,你打算给Liz Payne留言,表达你在冬令营期间想去London Canal Museum参观的愿望。

内容包括：
1.简单介绍自己；
2.留言目的(包含冬令营的时间,听Liz Payne的讲座)；
3.预期收获。

作文要求：
1.不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名；
2.语句连贯,词数80个左右。

作文的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数,也不必抄写在答题卡上。

Dear Liz Payne,
I’m Li Hua,
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua 【答案】Dear Liz Payne,
I’m Li Hua, a middle school student learning in Grade 3 in China. I’m writing to tell you that our city will have a Winter Camp during this winter vacation. I hope to have a chance to visit London Canal Museum. From , I know yo u will have a report “An Update on the Cotswold Canals”February 6th, which will happen during the same period of our Winter Camp. And I also hope to listen to your talk so that I can know more about the Stroudwater Canal, the Thames and Severn Canal. What’s more, I hope to learn more about London Canal Museum and
even more about the UK.
I’m looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua 【解析】
这篇作文要求我们以中学生李华的身份，给Liz Payne写一个留言。

文章内容主要包括三个部分：首先是介绍自己的身份；然后写留言的目的，包括冬令营的时间、想要去参观London Canal Museum以及听Liz Payne的讲座；最后简单介绍一下你的预期的收获。

写作时，应根据题目的这些要求，组织语言，串联成一篇短文。

通过分析可知，这篇短文应使用第一人称I来叙述，时态应以一般将来时态和一般现在时为主。

注意英语句子的表达和汉语习惯是不同的，不能逐词翻译，而应从句子的整体考虑，使用正确的句式结构以及适当的词汇、短语和句型，保证句子的准确性和语言的地道。

另外还应注意语句之间使用恰当的连接成分，使文意连贯。

穿插一些高级词汇和复杂句式，提升文章档次和水平，使表达更加流畅。

点睛：这是一篇优秀的作文。

首先短文内容完整，包含了题目要求的所有信息，没有遗漏要点。

作者主要从三个方面叙述：首先介绍了自己的身份和写留言的目的；接下来详细介绍了自己参加这次冬令营的愿望；最后是一个简单的结尾。

如果分段叙述效果则会更好，那样会使文章的层次更加清晰。

其次短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，文章以第一人称、一般将来时和一般现在时为主，谓语动词形式准发，语法规范，符合英语句子的表达习惯。

短文以简单句结构为主，也使用了一些复合句和较高级的句型，如I’m writing to tell you that our city will have a Winter Camp during this winter vacation.中使用了宾语从句；From , I know you will have a report “An Update on the Cotswold Canals” February 6th, which will happen during the same period of our Winter Camp.中有一个非限制性定语从句；And I also hope to listen to your talk so that I can know more about the Stroudwater Canal, the Thames and Severn Canal.中有一个结果状语从句等。

整篇文章语句通顺、意思连贯、表达流畅。

9．书面表达
一日之计在于晨。

同学们，沐浴在晨光中，行走在上学路上，当我们有充足的时间安排一天的学习生活时，你会发现每天早起一点点会给我们带来许多好处。

请你以“ It’s good to get up early”为题，写一篇90词左右短文。

要求：
1. 包含所给信息，并适当发挥。

2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写整洁。

3. 词数90词左右。

开头已给，不计入总词数。

It’s good to get up early
Getting up early is a good habit. It’s good for us in many ways.
______________________________________________________________________________【答案】It’s good to get up early
Getting up e arly is a good habit. It’s good for us in many ways. Firstly ,we can have enough time to plan a day better .Secondly,,doing exercise is good for our health .Also, breathing the fresh air is good to our bodies and our moods, and it can help remember important things easily. Thirdly, having breakfast can help protect our stomachs ,make us have good health ,and have more energy to do all kinds of things better.
In a word, the morning is the key of a day. Everyone should get up early every day.
【解析】
【详解】
本文是一篇话题作文。

要求以“ It’s good to get up early”为题，写一篇90词左右短文。

文章时态用一般现在时，人称主要为第一人称。

本文所给材料比较详细，考生要做的就是用正确的英语把这些内容表达出来。

动笔前要认真阅读材料，不可遗漏要点，并可适当发挥。

在写作时，注意紧扣主题，连句成篇，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。

同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。

最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。

【点睛】
点睛：首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；最后，要仔细检查有无单词拼写错误、标点符号误用等，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。