Book 6 Unit 2

Ⅰ.读句品词——阅读下列句子，写出加黑单词的词性及汉语意思
1．Many students with a great deal of pocket money may not know how to use it appropriately.
ad v.适当地2．Have you got any concrete thoughts on how to find a permanent job？adj.具体的
其他意义：n.混凝土3．The boy is so aggressive that he isn’t afraid of being teased in public. v i.& v t.取笑；戏弄4．What a coincidence! The exhibition was sponsored by my old friend. v t.发起；举办
其他意义：n.赞助人；主办者；倡议者5．Dance expresses love and hate，joy and sorrow，life and death，and everything else in between.
(2018·全国Ⅲ)
n．悲伤；悲痛Ⅱ.语境填词
背一背
1．pattern n．模式；式样；图案
2．branch n．枝条；支流；部门；分行
3．bare adj.赤裸的；光秃的；稀少的n．最基本的要素
4．exchange n．交换；交流；互换v t.& v i.调换；交换
5．diploma n．毕业文凭；学位证书
6．blank n．空白adj.空白的；茫然的
7．compass n．指南针；罗盘；(复数)圆规
8．load n．负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)；大量
练一练[从左栏中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空]
1．The driver didn’t possess a pair of shoes，so he had to press the brake with one bare foot. 2．The young painter attempted to exchange ideas with the expert，but failed.
3．The old man predicted that the small factory would have a number of branches soon. 4．Loads of animals were carved on the wall of the hole，which appealed to many visitors. 5．Some scholars refused to sign their names on the blank wall of the museum.
Ⅲ.拓展提升
背一背
1．salty adj.含盐的；咸的→salt n．盐
2．minimum n．最低限度；最少量；最小数→maximum n．最大限度；最大量3．translation n．翻译；译文→translate v．翻译→translator n．译者
4．transform v i.& v t.转化；转换；改造；变换→transformation n．转化；转变
5．bride n．新娘→bridegroom n．新郎
6．darkness n．黑暗；漆黑→dark adj.黑暗的
7．warmth n．暖和；温暖→warm adj.温暖的；暖和的
8．scholarship n．奖学金；学问；学术成就→scholar n．学者；奖学金获得者
练一练[用所给单词的正确形式填空]
1．The cook put so much salt in the dish that it tasted too salty.(salt)
2．Most of the translator’s spare time was devoted to the translation of those works.(translate) 3．She went into a warm room，attracted by the warmth(warm) of the fire.
4．It was so dark in the room that I couldn’t see the figure in the darkness clearly.(dark)
5．My grandfather transformed the room into a reading room and he was satisfied with his transformation.(transform)
Ⅳ.选词填空
背一背
1．give sb.a strong impression给某人一个深刻的印象
2．make sense讲得通；有意义
3．take it easy轻松；不紧张；从容
4．run out of用完
5．be made up of由……构成
6．be popular with受……的欢迎
7．in particular尤其；特别
8．by chance偶然；碰巧
9．try out测试；试验
10．let out发出；放走
练一练[从左栏中选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空]
1．He predicted that his son would return home if he ran out of his money.
2．I don’t think it would make sense if we were the only beings in this whole world.
3．It is typical of him to try out some new ideas while he comes back from work.
4．The football team is made up of superb football players from all over the world.
5．He told himself to take it easy and attempted to achieve his final aim.
6．Seeing several bunches of fresh flowers on the desk，the girls let out a cry.
Ⅴ.仿写运用
背一背
1．There are various reasons why people write poetry.
人们写诗的原因是多种多样的。

2．Some rhyme (like B) while others do not (like C)．
有些押韵(像B首诗)而有些不是这样(像C首诗)。

3．And (he) said though strange they all were true.
而且(他)说虽然这有些离奇，但却真实。

4．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
有了这么多不同的可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最后也许想写自己的诗了。

练一练[用左栏中的句式结构完成下列句子]
1．我不养猫的原因是我对猫过敏。

(why)
The reason why I didn’t keep a cat was that I was allergic to it.
2．我偏爱红色，而我妹妹更喜欢绿色。

(while)
I have a preference for red while my sister likes green better.
3．虽然他的队友给了他几次机会，但这个足球运动员没能进球。

(省略句)
The footballer didn’t succeed in scoring，though given several chances by his teammates.
4．有这么多问题要解决，我不能和你外出看电影。

(with复合结构)
With so many problems to settle，I can’t go out to see a film with you.
1．以后缀-th结尾的名词荟萃
(1)warmth暖和；温暖
(2)length长度
(3)width宽度
(4)depth深度
(5)strength力量；力气
(6)truth真相
2．四个“合适的”单词
(1)appropriate adj.适当的；正当的
(2)proper adj.适当的
(3)suitable adj.合适的
(4)right adj.正确的；合适的
3．“用完；耗尽”短语小结
(1)run out(某物)用完
(2)run out of用完(某物)
(3)use up用完；分发
(4)give out用完
convey vt.传达；运送；传送
(convey...(to sb.)(向某人)表达/传递/传达……
convey...from A to B把……从A处运到B处
单句语法填空
(1)In this letter，I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your help.
(2)Your luggage will be conveyed from the airport to your hotel.
(3)After submitting it online，your order will be conveyed(convey) to you within three days.
句式升级
(4)I couldn’t understand the meaning which was conveyed between the words.(用过去分词改写)
I couldn’t understand the meaning conveyed between the words.
The message conveyed to us here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”
这里传达给我们的信息是明确的：“行动胜于言语。

”
transform vt.& vi.转化；转换；改造；变换
(1)transform...into...使……变成……
transform...from...into...把……从……变成……
(2)transformation n．转化；转换；改造；变换
单句语法填空
(1)Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation(transform) of these atoms is talking moonshine.(2017·北京)
(2)The movie transformed her almost overnight from an unknown schoolgirl into a megastar.
(3)Having been transformed(transform) into a powerful one，the firm decided to extend business to Europe.
(1)It was an event that would transform my life.
那是能够改变我一生的一件事。

(2)The volunteers were determined to transform the desert into a garden.
这些志愿者们决心把这片沙漠变成一个花园。

exchange n．交换；互换；交流；兑换
v．调换；交换；交流；兑换
(1)exchange A for B拿A换B
exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物
(2)in exchange (for) 作为(对……的)交换
exchange student交换生
make an exchange交换
单句语法填空
(1)I’ve offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a week’s accommodation.
(2)Could you please help me to exchange this shirt for a bigger one?
(3)When he is interested in others’ books instead of his own，he tries to make an exchange.
一句多译
(4)他用一个苹果换了我一块蛋糕。

①He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.(exchange n．)
②He exchanged an apple with me for a piece of cake.(exchange v．)
用法点拨
(1)若交换的对象为可数名词，通常要用复数形式，如：exchange seats交换座位。

(2)exchange A for B用A换B，其中A是被更换的东西，B是要换来的东西。

(1)I have offered to teach him English in exchange for his help in math.
我提出教他英语，作为交换他教我数学。

(2)All the participants can get what they want.Meanwhile，they exchange ideas and feelings with each other.
所有的参与者都能得到他们想要的东西。

与此同时，他们彼此交流想法和感受。

load n．负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)
vt.装载
(1)take a load off one’s mind卸下心头重担；如释重负
loads of (＝a load of)许多
(2)load...with...用……装载……
load...into/onto...把……装入(到)……
be loaded with负载……
单句语法填空
(1)When we turned around the corner，we saw a big truck loaded(load) with sheep.
(2)Knowing that they had arrived safely, I took a load off my mind.
(3)The ship sank，because it was loaded with too many passengers and goods.
(4)There are(be) a load of great places to see in Australia.
句型转换
(5)The workers were loading a truck with timber.
→The workers were loading timber into/onto a truck.
用法点拨
a load of/loads of后可跟可数或不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后名词的数一致。

The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load of parents has received little attention，especially from their own children.
多年来学生的负担是一个热门话题，但父母的负担，尤其是来自子女的负担，却没有多少人重视。

take it/things easy轻松；不紧张；从容(指心理上)
take one’s time不匆忙；别着急(指时间上)
take...seriously认真对待……
take...for granted认为……理所当然
完成句子
(1)—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow.
—Take it/things easy.
——我对明天的全国英语演讲竞赛感到很紧张。

——放松些。

(2)Take your time—it’s just a short distance from here to the restaurant.
别着急，从这儿到餐馆距离很短。

(3)Don’t joke with Linda；she takes everything far too seriously.
不要和琳达开玩笑，她对待每件事都过于认真。

(4)I take it for granted that parents should do everything for us，which is wrong.我想当然地认为父母应该为我们做好一切，其实这是错误的。

You should not take it for granted that you can do the work perfectly.Take it seriously and make enough preparations.
不要想当然地认为你能把这项工作做得十分完美。

认真对待它，并做好充分准备。

run out of(人)用完；从……流出/跑出
(1)run out 用完；耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态)
give out用完；筋疲力尽；发出
use up用完；耗尽
(2)run across偶然遇见
run after追捕；跟踪；追求
run away跑开；逃走
run into撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等)
run for竞选；匆匆去取
run through浏览；快速穿越
完成句子
(1)I has run out of/used up(用完) sugar.Could you help me to buy some in that shop?
(2)The car stopped when the petrol gave out/ran out/was used up(用完)．
一句多译
(3)我们的钱快用完了，我们必须削减开支。

①Our money was running out.We had to cut down expenses.(run out)
②We were running out of our money，so we had to cut down expenses.(run out of)
③We were using up our money，so we had to cut down expenses.(use up)
用法点拨
run out＝give out用完，不及物短语，give out一般不用于进行时；run out of＝use up用完，及物短语。

I’d like to run for the vice president of the English club in our school.
我想竞选我们学校英语俱乐部的副主席。

let out发出；放走；释放；(把衬衣、外套等)放大，放长，加宽；泄露
一词多义——写出下列句子中let out的汉语意思
(1)Throwing their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.发出
(2)However，some feel that animals should not be kept in cages，but should rather be let out in the wild.放走
(3)If I were you，I would not let out the secret.泄露
(4)He has grown so much that his mother has to let out his coat.放大
let in允许进入；容许；改小
let off放出；使爆炸
let alone更不用说；不管
let...down使……失望
根据句意用let短语的正确形式填空
(5)They did not want to admit to any problem，let alone discuss them with foreigners.
(6)If you fail in the exam，you will let him down.
(7)We opened the windows and let in the fresh evening air.
(8)We should stop the factories from letting off a large number of harmful chemicals.
For most people ，it ’s almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse ，let alone surf the Internet.
对于大多数人来说，没有鼠标来操作电脑几乎是不可能的，更不用说上网了。

the reason why...
There are various reasons why people write poetry.人们写诗的原因是多种多样的。

reason 常用句式：
the reason ⎩⎪⎨⎪
⎧
for sth./doing sth.is/was that...
why/for which...is/was that...
that/which ＋定语从句＋is/was that...
the reason 后是用why 或for which 还是用that 或which ，取决于其在从句中所担任的句子成分。

从句缺少主语、宾语、表语用that 或which ，缺少状语用why 或for which 。

单句语法填空
(1)The only reason why I came was that I wanted to meet your friends.
(2)The reason that/which he gave for being late was that he forgot to set the alarm clock. (3)The reason for the party is that it ’s Sue ’s birthday. 句型转换
(4)The reason why he was late was that his car was held up. →The reason for his being late was that his car was held up.
The reason for failing the driving test is that he lacks practice. 他没有通过驾驶考试的原因是缺乏训练。