外贸英语实务 Unit 4 Description of Commodities

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Description of Commodities Whether the sample is a buyer’s sample, a seller’s sample or a counter sample, the quality of the commodities should be strictly the same as the sample.
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Description of Commodities
Quality of Commodity
Quality terms are often hard to define, so great care needs to be taken to avoid any disputes2. In international transactions, there are different ways of showing quality. Sale by sample Samples can be offered either by the seller or the buyer, i.e., sale by seller’s sample or sale by buyer’s sample. There is another sample called “counter sample”. When the sample is offered by the buyer, the seller may not be very sure whether he could supply the goods in conformity with it. In order to make sure of this, he may first provide a sample produced according to the buyer’s original sample and send it to the buyer for confirmation3. This sample is a counter sample.
是一个全球性的非政府组织,其成员由来自世界上100多个国家的国家标准化团体 组成｡ISO的主要功能是为人们制订国际标准达成一致意见提供一种机制｡目前
ISO已经发布了9000多个国际标准,如ISO的集装箱系列(目前世界上95%的海运集
装箱都符合ISO标准)和ISO9000质量管理系列标准等｡
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CENTURY BUSINESS ENGLISH 世纪商务英语
外贸英语实务
Unit 4
Description of Commodities

Contents
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Warming Up
Reading
Sample Conversations
Warming Up
Reading
Description of Commodities
Words and Expressions
Name of commodity is a main part of the description of commodity. As a basis of a transaction, it concerns the rights and obligations of the buyer and the seller. If the goods delivered by the seller are not in accordance with the agreed name of commodity, the buyer has the right to lodge a claim, refuse the goods or even cancel the contract. Therefore, as a main condition of sale, the name of commodity in a contract should be clearly stipulated1. in accordance with 按照 外贸英语里常见的表达方式还有：in compliance with 和 in conformity with, 如： In compliance with your request, we’ve sent you our samples. 应你方要求我们已经将样品寄出。 The L/C stipulations are in strict conformity with the contract terms. 信用证的规定与合同条款是严格一致的。
是一个全球性的非政府组织其成员由来自世界上100多个国家的国家标准化团体组成iso的主要功能是为人们制订国际标准达成一致意见提供一种机制目前iso已经发布了9000多个国际标准如iso的集装箱系列目前世界上95的海运集装箱都符合iso标准和iso9000质量管理系列标准等国际标准化组织internationalorganizationforstandardization简称isoreadingdescriptionofcommoditiesreadingsalebybrandortrademarkcocacolagmsalebynameoforiginexample
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Description of Commodities If the counter sample is confirmed by the buyer, it will be the basis of the seller’s delivery, i.e., sale by counter sample. It should be noted that sometimes the seller may send a sample to the potential buyer before the contract is concluded. This
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Description of Commodities
1. What are the activities in trade? Is it easy to describe all the
responsibilities and obligations of both the seller and the buyer in a contract for every business? Then what do we do? 2. Have you ever heard of CIF or FOB?
kind of sample is the reference sample and often labeled “for reference only”. Such
a sample is not the basis of delivery by the seller. However, the parties may agree to deliver the goods in conformity with it in the contract, and then it will be the basis of delivery.
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Description of Commodities In order to promote the development of international trade, some international organizations established the international standards of products, such as the famous ISO standard. So the quality could be described in the contract by the international standard, or the national standard either of the seller’s or the buyer’s country which is agreed upon by the parties. ISO: 国际标准化组织(International Organization for Standardization)简称ISO,
Description of Commodities Sometimes, FAQ or GMQ is used for this standard. FAQ means a quantity of a product that is offered not on a particular quality specification but on the basis that is equal to the average quality of the current group or recent shipment . While GMQ refers to the sound quality that is free from defects7 and is good enough to satisfy the purpose for which the buyer intends to use the goods or for which the seller
Otherwise, it should be stipulated clearly in the clar to
sample submitted4 by the seller on ... (date)” or “the goods to be delivered shall be about equal to seller’s sample No....” Sale by specifications
The specification is often expressed by some indexes5. For example, the
specification of iron ore may be expressed as “the content of iron > 80%”.
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the commodity is understood identically6 by the parties if they want to sell by grade.
Sale by standard Almost every country has the national standard of almost every kind of products. The products manufactured and sold in the country must meet its national standards.
intends that they should be used. Both terms are rather too general and unclear.
When in use, specific wording should be added in sales contract. shipment n. 装运的货物，与consignment同义, Shipment还有“装运”和“装运 的期限”等意。如： Please arrange shipment immediately. 请立即安排装运。 Please extend shipment 30 days. 请延长装运期30天。
Description of Commodities Sale by grade Some products are usually classified into different grades based on different specifications. For example, the fresh eggs weighed 55-60g are classified into Grade A, 50-55g Grade B, 45-50g Grade C. However, the grade of the same product may be different in different countries. Therefore, it is necessary to make sure that the grade of