变否定句规则

变否定句规则
一、一般现在时变否定句的规则。

（a) 含有am is are 的句子，变否定句时, 只需在am is are 后加not.
例1 This is a book.
否定句This is not a book 。

例2 I am a teacher .
否定句I am not a teacher .
例3 These are pens .
否定句These are not pens 。

(b) 含有实义动词的句子,变否定句分两步.
（1)如果主语是第三人称单数时，要在实义动词前加doesn’t,后面的动词用原形。

例1 He eats an apple.
否定句He doesn’t eat an apple。

例2 Jim does his homework.
否定句Jim doesn't do his homework.
例3 Marry goes to school。

否定句Marry doesn't go to school。

(2）如果主语不是第三人称单数时,只需在实义动词前加don't.
例1 I teach English。

否定句I do n’t teach English。

例2 They go to school.
否定句They don't go to school。

例3 We sing a song。

否定句We don't sing a song.
（c) 含有情态动词的句子,变否定句时,只需在情态动词后加not。

例1 I can dance.
否定句I can not dance. 或I can't dance.
例2 They can speak English.
否定句They can not speak English。

或They can't speak English.
例3 He must go home。

否定句He must not go home。

或He mustn't go home。

例4 He must be on the playground.
He can not be on the playground.
析：当must be用来表示推测，有“一定”的含义时，
否定式要用can not.
例5You must say something at the mecting。

You needn't say anything at the mecting。

析：当“must+行为动词"用来表示“必须”的含义时,
其否定式可用needn’t 或mustn't表示“不需要”,“不必”,
语气委婉,must not表示“禁止”,“千万别"语气生硬。

例6 You may come in now。

You mustn’t come in now。

析：may作为情态动词表示“可以”时，其否定式用must not，而不用may not.
例7 He may watch TV .
He mustn't watch TV.
注意:
（1）见到some 变否定句时，要换成any.
例1 I eat some apples.
否定句I don’t eat any apples。

例2 He has some books。

否定句He doesn't have any books.
例3 He does his home work.
否定句He doesn't do his home work.
（2）见到and 变否定句时，要换成or.
例1 There is some air and water on the moon.
否定句There isn't any air or water on the moon.
例2 He has some brothers and sisters。

否定句He hasn’t any brothers or sisters.
例3 He eats apples and oranges。

否定句He doesn’t eat apples or oranges.
（3) 见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either。

例1. Tom goes to school too.
否定句Tom doesn’t go to school either.
too和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换.
（4)见到already变否定句时,要换成yet.
例1 He has had supper already。

He hasn't had supper yet。

随着对谓语动词的否定,某些副词也要作相应的变动。

英语句型转换错误分析：肯定句变否定句
1。

I think she is there.
误:I think she isn't there。

正：I don’t think she is there。

析：英语中think, believe, expect，suppose等表示信念和揣测的动词，后接that从句时,习惯上将从句中的否定形式转移到主句上,
即否定主句谓语，不否定从句谓语.
2. He can sing this song and that one。

误：He can not sing this song and that one。

正；He can not sing this song or that one.
析：肯定句中的连词and在否定句中一般要改为or。

3。

Tom went to school too。

误：Tom didn’t go to school too。

正:Tom didn’t go to school either.
析:too和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。

4. He has had supper already。

误：He hasn’t had supper alre ady.
正：He hasn’t had supper yet.
析:随着对谓语动词的否定，某些副词也要作相应的变动。

5. He had a good rest just now.
误:He hadn’t a good rest just now.
正:He didn’t have a good rest just now。

析：have在表示开会、吃饭、休息、进行体育锻炼等词组中是行为动词，否定句用助动词来完成。

6。

Let's do it。

误：Let’s don't do it.
正:Don’t let's do it。

或Let’s not do it。

析：let后接的是不带to的不定式,变为否定式，
直接在句首前加Don’t或在不定式前加not。

7。

He always gets there on time。

误:He doesn't always get there on time.
正：He never gets there on time.
析：He doesn’t always get there on time意为
“他并非老是准时到那儿”，是部分否定，
习惯上把句中的副词改为相应的表示否定的副词即可。

如：
It often rains here。

It seldom rains here.
8. Be here early tomorrow。

误：Be not here early tomorrow.
正：Don’t be here early tomorrow.
析：祈使句的否定,一般在谓语动词前加do not的缩写don’t。

9。

You had better come.
误：You didn’t have better come.
正:You had better not come。

析：had better相当于一情态动词,不可分割,
因此not应放在其后。

would rather也是如此.
10. Both Tom and Xiao Ping went to school.
误：Both Tom and Xiao Ping didn’t go to school.
正：Neither Tom nor Xiao Ping went to school.
析：一个句子中如果有不定代词both,all，every改为否定式时，
要把这些不定代词改为相应的表示否定的代词.
二一般过去时变否定句规则
(a) 含有was were 的句子，变否定句时,只需在was were 后加not.
例1 This was a book.
否定句This was not a book . 或This wasn't a book 。

例2 I was a teacher .
否定句I was not a teacher 。

或I wasn’t a teacher .
例3 These were pens .
否定句These were not pens 。

或These weren't pens
(b）含有实义动词过去式的句子，变否定句时，
只需在实义动词过去式前加didn’t,后面的动词用原形.
例1 He ate an apple.
否定句He didn’t eat an apple.
例2 Jim did his homework。

否定句Jim didn’t do his homework.
例3 Marry went to school。

否定句Marry didn't go to school.
（c）含有情态动词过去式的句子，变否定句时,只需在情态动词过去式后加not。

（can could,may might ，need need ，must must)
例1 I could dance。

否定句I could not dance.
或I couldn’t dance.
例2 They could speak English。

否定句They could not speak English.
或They couldn’t speak English.
例3 He could swim,so can I.
He could swim，neither（nor）can I
析：在“陈述句+so+助(系情态）动词+主语”结构中，
若改为否定句，除陈述部分加副词not外，还需将so改为neither或nor。

例4 He must go home。

否定句He must not go home.
或He mustn't go home。

例5 He must be on the playground。

He could not be on the playground.
析：当must be用来表示推测,有“一定”的含义时，否定式要用can not.
例6 You must say something at the mecting。

You needn’t say anything at the mecting。

析：当“must+行为动词”用来表示“必须”的含义时,
其否定式可用needn’t 或mustn't表示“不需要”，“不必”，
语气委婉，must not表示“禁止”，“千万别”语气生硬。

例7 You might come in now。

You mustn’t come in now.
析：may作为情态动词表示“可以”时，其否定式用must not，而不用may not。

例8 He might watch TV 。

He mustn’t watch TV。

注意：
（1) 见到some 变否定句时，要换成any.
(2) 见到and 变否定句时,要换成or.
（3) 见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either.
例1。

Tom goes to school too.
否定句Tom doesn’t go to school either.
too和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。

(4）见到already变否定句时，要换成yet。

例1 He has had supper already。

He hasn’t had supper yet.
三.现在进行时变否定句规则
1规则:
现在进行时变否定句时，只需在be[am is are］后加not .
例1 I am watching TV .
否定句I am not watching TV 。

或I’m not watching TV
例2 They are playing basketball 。

否定句They are not playing basketball 或The y aren’t playing basketball .
2注意：
(1) 见到some 变否定句时,要换成any。

例1 I am eating some apples.
否定句I am not eating any apples. 或I’m not eating any apples.
例2 They are singsing some songs .
否定句They are not singsing any songs . 或They aren’t singsing any songs .
(2) 见到and 变否定句时,要换成or。

例1 I am eating apples and oranges 。

否定句I am not eating apples or oranges . 或I'm not eating or apples.
(3）见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either.
例1。

Tom goes to school too。

否定句Tom doesn’t go to school either.
too和also用于肯定句中时,否定句中用either替换。

（4）见到already变否定句时,要换成yet。

例1 He has had supper already.
He hasn’t had supper yet.
四。

过去进行时变否定句规则
过去进行时变否定句时，只需在be[was were]后加not 。

例1 I was watching TV .
否定句I was not watching TV 。

例2 They were playing basketball 。

否定句They were not playing basketball 或They weren't playing basketball .
注意：(1）见到some 变否定句时，要换成any。

例1 I was eating some apples.
否定句I was not eating any apples。

例2 They were singsing some songs .
否定句They were not singsing any songs 。

或They weren't singsing any songs .
(2) 见到and 变否定句时，要换成or。

例1 I was eating apples and oranges 。

否定句I was not eating apples or oranges 。

或I wasn’t eating apples or oranges.
例2 He was speaking English and French。

] 否定句He was not speaking English or French.或He wasn’t speaking English or French。

（3）见到too和also变否定句时,要换成either。

例1. Tom goes to school too.
否定句Tom doesn’t go to school either.
too和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换.
（4）见到already变否定句时，要换成yet。

例1 He has had supper already.
He hasn’t had supper yet。

五一般将来时变否定句规则
(a) 含有will shall 的句子,变否定句时,只需在will shall 后加not .
例1 He will listen to me 。

否定句He will not listen to me .或He won’t listen to me .
例2 I shall study English tomorrow .
否定句I shall not study English tomorrow 。

(b) 在be going to 结构中,变否定句时, 只需在be后加not 。

例1 It is going to rain. 要下雨了.
否定句It is not going to rain。

或It isn't going to rain。

例2 We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们开会。

否定句We are not going to have a meeting today.或We aren’t going to have a meeting today .
例3 I'm going to be a teacher .
否定句I'm not going to be a teacher .
注意：
(1）见到some 变否定句时，要换成any。

例1 I shall eat some apples .
变否定I shall not eat any apples 。

或I shan’t eat any apples 。

例2 He will drink some water .
变否定He will not drink any water 。

或He won’t drink any water .
(2) 见到and 变否定句时,要换成or.
例1 We shall eat some apples and oranges 。

否定句We shall not eat any apples or oranges .
或We shan't eat any apples or oranges 。

例2 They are going to study English and Maths nest year 。

否定句They are not going to study English or Maths nest year .
或They aren’t going to study English or Maths nest year 。

（3) 见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either.
例1. Tom goes to school too。

否定句Tom doesn’t go to school either。

too和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。

（4）见到already变否定句时，要换成yet。

例1 He has had supper already.
He hasn’t had supper yet.
六过去将来时变否定句规则
(a）含有would should 的句子,变否定句时，只需在would should 后加not 。

例1 He would listen to me .
否定句He would not listen to me 。

或He wouldn't listen to me 。

例2 I should study English .
否定句I should not study English 。

或I shouldn’t study English .
（b) 在was were going to 结构中，变否定句时，
只需在was were 后加not 。

例1 It was going to rain .
否定句It was not going to rain .
或It wasn't going to rain .
例2 They were going to Shanghai .
否定句They were not going to Shanghai 。

或They weren't going to Shanghai .
注意：
a 见到some 变否定句时，要换成any.
例1 I should eat some apples .
变否定I should not eat any apples .
或I shouldn't eat any apples 。

例2 He would drink some water .
变否定He would not drink any water .
或He wouldn’t drink any water .
b 见到and 变否定句时，要换成or。

例1 We should eat some apples and oranges 。

否定句We should not eat any apples or oranges .
或We shouldn't eat any apples or oranges .
例2 They were going to study English and Maths nest year .
否定句They were not going to study English or Maths nest year 。

或They weren’t going to study English or Maths nest year 。

c 见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either.
例1. Tom goes to school too。

否定句Tom doesn’t go to school either。

too和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。

d 见到already变否定句时，要换成yet。

例1 He has had supper already。

He hasn’t had supper yet。

七现在完成时变否定句规则
现在完成时变否定句时，只需在have或has后加not.
例1 I have already finished my homework。

我已经完成了我的作业.
否定句
I have not already finished my homework。

或I haven’t finished my homework yet.
我已经完成了我的作业。

注意：
(1）肯定句中有some，already时，
改为否定句或疑问句时通常要分别改为any, yet。

例1：I have read some English books before。

否定句：I have not read any English books before。

（2) 见到and 变否定句时，要换成or。

如：
例1:He has eatten some apples and eggs 。

否定句He has not eatten apples or oreggs .
(3）见到too和also变否定句时,要换成either。

例1。

Tom goes to school too.
否定句Tom doesn’t go to school either.
too和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。

（4）见到already变否定句时,要换成yet。

例1 He has had supper already.
He hasn’t had supper yet。

八过去完成时变否定句规则
过去完成时变否定句时,只需在had后加not.
例1 I had already finished my homework.
我已经完成了我的作业。

否定句I had not already finished my homework.
或I hadn’t finished my homework yet。

我已经完成了我的作业.
注意
（1)肯定句中有some, already时,
改为否定句或疑问句时通常要分别改为any, yet。

例1：I had read some English books before.
否定句：I had not read any English books before.
（2) 见到and 变否定句时,要换成or。

如：
例1：He had eatten some apples and eggs .
否定句H had not eatten apples or oreggs 。

(3）见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either。

例1. Tom goes to school too.
否定句Tom doesn't go to school either.
（4）见到already变否定句时，要换成yet。

例1 He has had supper already。

He hasn't had supper yet。

一般现在时精炼
一将下列句子变否定句。

例1 I am a boy。

例2 You are a girl.
例3 He is a teacher.
例4 Jim is English.
例5 These are bikes.
例6 Those are maps。

例7 They are buses。

例8 We are Chinese。

二将下列句子变否定句。

例1 I’m a boy.
例2 You’re a girl。

例3 He’s a teacher.
例4 It’s a pen。

例5 These are some bikes。

例6 Those are maps and pencils.
例7 They’re some buses and cars。

例8 She is your teacher.
三将下列句子变疑问句。

例1 I am a boy.
例2 You are a girl.
例3 He is my teacher.
例4 Jim is our English。

例5 These are some bikes。

例6 Those are my maps。

例7 They are some buses.
四将下列句子变成疑问句。

例1 I’m a boy.
例2 You're a girl.
例3 He’s my teacher。

例4 It’s a pen。

例5 These are some bikes。

例6 Those are maps and pencils.
例7 They’re some buses and cars.
例8 She is your teacher.
五将下列句子变否定句。

例1 I teach English.
例2 They go to school。

例3 We sing a song.
例4 He spells it.
例5 She goes to school.
例6 He does his homework..
例7 They do their homework。

例8 I do my homework.
六将下列句子变否定句。

例1 He teaches my English。

例2 They speak English and French。

例3 We eat some apples。

例4 Jim spells it。

例5 She goes to our school。

例6 He does some homework..
例7 They do their homework.
例8 We do some homework。

七将下列句子变疑问句。

例1 I teach English.
例2 They go to school。

例4 He spells it。

例5 She goes to school。

例6 He does his homework..
例7 They does their homework。

例8 I do my homework。

八将下列句子变疑问句。

例1 He teaches my English。

例2 They speak English and French。

例3 We eat some apples.
例4 Jim spells it.
例5 She goes to our school。

例6 He does some homework。

例7 They do their homework.
例8 We do some homework。

九将下列句子变否定句。

例1 I can dance。

例2 They can speak English.
例3He must go home。

例4 He must be on the playground。

例5 You must say something at the mecting。

例6 You may come in now.
例7 He may watch TV .
例8 We need speak English。

十将下列句子变否定句。

例1 I can dance and sing.
例2 They can speak some English.
例3You must go home.
例4 They must be on the playground.
例6 Jim may come in now.
例7 They may watch TV .
例8 We need speak English and English。

十一将下列句子变疑问句。

例1 I can dance.
例2 They can speak English.
例3He must go home。

例4 He must be on the playground。

例5 You must say something at the mecting。

例6 You may come in now.
例7 He may watch TV .
例8 We need speak English.
十二将下列句子疑问定句。

例1 I can dance and sing。

例2 They can speak some English。

例3You must go home。

例4 They must be on the playground.
例5He must say something at the mecting.
例6 You may come in now。

例7 They may watch TV 。

例8 We need speak English and English.
十三写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。

1 go
2 spell
3 speak 4like 5teach
6 Be
7 are
8 study
9 have 10 do
十四将下列名词变成复数。

1 apple
2 orange
3 map
4 pen
5 pencil
6 desk
7 dog
8 tomato
9 photo 10 knife
十五将下列名词变成复数。

1 man
2 woman
3 child
4 person 5people
十六写出人称代词主格。

十七写出人称代词宾格。

十八写出形容词性物主代词.
十九肯定回答和否定回答。

1 Is this your book ?
2 Are you a teacher ？
3 Is there any water in the cup ？
4 Are there any books or pens on the desk？
5 Does he do his homework ?
6 Does Jim go to school ?
7 Do you like your English teacher ?
8 Do they study English ?
9 Can you dance ？
10 May he go home ？
11Must you come in time.
12 Need I finish the work today？
13 Do you study English ？
14 Do they speak English？
二十写出一般现在时的四种构成。

1
2
3
4
一般现在时精炼答案
一将下列句子变否定句.
例1 I am not a boy。

或I’m not a boy.
例2 You are not a girl.或You aren’t a girl。

例3 He is not a teacher。

或He isn’t a teacher
例4 Jim is not English.或Jim isn't English
例5 These are not bikes。

或These aren’t bikes。

例6 Those are not maps.或Those aren’t maps
例7 They are not buses.或They ar en’t buses.
例8 We are not Chinese。

或We aren’t Chinese
二将下列句子变否定句.
例1 I’m not a boy.
例2 You're not a girl。

或You aren’t a girl。

例3 He's a teacher.或He isn’t a teacher.
例4 It’s not a pen。

或It isn't a pen。

例5 These are not any bikes。

或These aren't any bikes。

例6 Those are not maps or pencils.
或Those aren’t maps or pencils。

例7 They’re not any buses or cars。

或Theyaren’t any buses or cars.
例8 She is not your teacher.
三将下列句子变疑问句。

例1 Are you a boy？
例2Are you a girl？
例3 Is he your teacher？
例4 Is Jim your English？
例5 Are these any bikes？
例8 Are you Chinese？
四将下列句子变成疑问句.
例1 Are you a boy?
例2 Are you a girl？
例3 Is he your teacher？
例4 Is it a pen.？
例5 Are these any bikes？
例6 Are those maps or pencils？
例7 Are they any buses or cars？
例8 Is she your teacher？
五将下列句子变否定句.
例1 I don’t teach English.
例2 They don’t go to school.
例3 We don’t sing a song.
例4 He doesn't spell it。

例5 She doesn’t go to school.
例6 He doesn't do his homework。

.
例7 They don't do their homework。

例8 I don’t do my homework。

六将下列句子变否定句。

例1 He doesn’t teach my English.
例2 They don't speak English or French。

例3 We don’t eat any apples。

例4 Jim doesn’t spel l it。

例5 She doesn't go to our school。

例6 He doesn’t do any homework。

.
例7 They don’t do their homework。

例8 We don’t do any homework。

七将下列句子变疑问句.
例3 Do you sing a song?
例4 Does he spell it？
例5 Does she go to school？
例6 Does he do his homework？
例7 Do they do their homework。

？
例8Do you do your homework？
八将下列句子变疑问句。

例1 Does he teach your English？
例2 Do they speak English or French？
例3 Do you eat any apples?
例4 Does Jim spell it?
例5 Does she go to your school？
例6 Does he do any homework？
例7 Do they do their homework。

？
例8 Do you do any homework？
九将下列句子变否定句.
例1 I can not dance。

或I can’t dance.
例2 They can not speak English.
或They can’t speak English
例3 He must not go home.
或He mustn't go home.
例4 He can not be on the playground。

例5 You must not say something at the mecting。

或You needn’t say anything at the mecting 例6 You mustn’t come in now.
例7 He mustn't watch TV .
例8 We need not speak English。

十将下列句子变否定句。

例1 I can’t dance or sing。

或I can not dance or sing.
或They can not speak any English
例3You must not go home。

例4 They can not be on the playground.
例5He must not say something at the mecting.
或He needn’t say anything at the mecting 例6 Jim mustn’t come in now。

例7 They mustn’t watch TV 。

例8 We need not speak English or English。

十一将下列句子变疑问句.
例1 Can you dance？
例2 Can they speak English？
例3Must he go home？
例4 Must he be on the playground？
例5 Must you say something at the mecting。

例6 May I come in now？
例7 May he watch TV ？
例8 Need you speak English？
十二将下列句子疑问定句。

例1 Can you dance or sing？
例2 Can they speak any English？
例3 Must you go home?
例4 Must they be on the playground？
例5 Must he say something at the mecting?
例6 May I come in now？
例7 May they watch TV ？
例8 Need you speak English or English？
十三写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。

1 goes
2 spells
3 speaks 4likes 5teaches
6 is
7 is
8 studies
9 has 10 does
十四将下列名词变成复数。

6 desks
7 dogs
8 tomatoes
9 photos 10 knives
十五将下列名词变成复数。

1 men
2 women
3 children
4 person 5people
6 fish
7 sheep
8 deer
9 feet 10 teeth
十六写出人称代词主格。

I 我you 你he 他she她it它；
we我们you 你们they 他（她它）们
十七写出人称代词宾格。

me我you你him他her她it 它
us我们you 你们them他（她它）们
十八写出形容词性物主代词。

my 我的your 你的his 他的her 她的its它的；
our我们的your你们的their他（她它）们的
十九肯定回答和否定回答。

1 Is this your book ?Yes，it is。

No，it isn't.
2 Are you a teacher ? Yes ,I am. No，I’m not。

3 Is there any water in the cup ? Yes ,there is。

No,there isn't。

4 Are there any books or pens on the desk？Yes，there are. No ，there aren’t。

5 Does he do his homework ? Yes ,he does. No,he doesn’t。

6 Does Jim go to school ？Yes，he does。

No,he doesn’t.
7 Do you like your English teacher ？Yes，I do 。

No，I don’t.
8 Do they study English ? Yes ，they do. No，they don’t。

9 Can you dance ? Yes ，I can。

No，I can't。

10 May he go home ? Yes,he may。

（肯定回答）
No，he mustn't。

（否定回答）
11Must you come in time。

Yes, I must. （肯定回答）
No,I needn’t. (否定回答）
12 Need I finish the work today？Yes,you must.
No，you needn’t。

13 Do you study English ？Yes ,I do. No，I don't。

14 Do they speak English？Yes，they do. No，they don’t。

二十写出一般现在时的四种构成.。