介词+关系代词
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1.There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English.
2. These are books by Mark Twain, one of which
（= of which one）was read to me by my father.
【知识点3】关系副词when, where, why 可以相 应地转化为：介词+which结构。
1.This is the house where I lived two years ago.
=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
2.Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
【知识点5】注意复杂介词短语+which或whom 引导的定语从句，常见有：because of; in front of, as a result of, at the back of。
1. They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen.
【知识点2】直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省 略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代 词之前时，可省。
1.The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner.
2.The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.
【知识点10】way 作先行词时定语从句的情况 • 1 “方法”，在定语从句中作主语，宾语时，关系
代词应该用that或which，作宾语时，二者可省 略。
• This is the best way which can be used to sovle the problem at present.
1.I have a small room in which I live in.
• =I have a small room in which to live.
• =I have a small room to live in.
2.He has a good friend to whom he can turn for help. =He has a good friend_t_o_w_h_o_m__t_o_t_u_r_n_f_o_r _h_e_lp_.
=Do you remember the day _o_n__ you joined our club? 3.I don’t know the reason why he said so. =I don’t know the reason _fo__r_w__h_ic_h__ he said so.
【例】This is Tom Sawyer, __o_f___ whom his teacher is proud.
【例】Can you think of a situation __in__ which this word can be used?
句。 • as可指物,在从句中作主语或宾语.也可引导非
限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句。 • 注意that&which、that&who的区别
【知识点1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是 which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介 词+whom（指人）两种结构。
1The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner. 2The service ab_o_u_t_which the students complain a lot should be improved. 3He is a library assistant fro_m__w__h_o_m_ I borrowed some books. 4It is a famous school fro__m__w__h_ich he graduated 3 years ago. 5The chair on w__h_i_c_h_ he is sitting now is made of wood.
• =He has a good friend to turn to for help.
【知识点9】介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能 会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。
• 【例】He used to live in London, from where he came .
• 【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.
【知识点4】有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配， 不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前： 【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for. 【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.
1. I live in a room whose windows are all broken.
=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.
= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.
常见动词短语：listen to,look at, depend on; look for, pay attention to, take care of, look after, take part in, call on, catch up with, get along with, hear of, look forward to...
2. Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, _in__fr_o_n_t_o_f_w_h_o_m__ sit three students.
【知识点6】不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的 定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词 结 构。其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。
• = This is my teacher
_o_f__w_h__o_m__t_h_e__h_a_n__d_w_r__it_i_n_g______ is excellent.
【知识点8】由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当 主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+ which/whom+ to do 结构。
3. She has two sons, _n_e_i_t_h_e_r__o_f_w__h_o_m_（=of whom
neither）is a teacher.
4. She has many books, none of which ( of which none)
is interesting.
【知识点7】关系代词whose+名词 引导的定语从 句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。
• 关系代词引导的定语从句 • 关系副词引导的定语从句
（when\where\why） • 限制性定语从句 • 非限制性定语从句 • as引导的定语从句 • 介词+关系代词的定语从句 • way引导的定语从句
关系代词:
• who指人：在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 • whom指人：在定语从句中作宾语。 • whose可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。 • that 可指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语. • which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语. • which引导的非限制性定语从句可修饰整个主
【知识点11】如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定 语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与 介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。
【例】The picture __f_o_r__which he paid $100 was once owned by a king.
【析】定语从句谓语是pay some money；先行词为 the picture；还原句子即：He paid $100 ____ the picture.在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语：pay some money for something。
2. This is my teacher __w__h_o_s_e___ handwriting is excellent.
• = This is my teacher
_th__e_h__a_n_d_w__r_it_i_n_g__o_f_w__h_o_m____________ is excellent.
• You can do it in a way that nobody likes here .
• 2 “方式”，关系词在句中作状语，关系词用that, in which或省略
• I don’t like the way (in which ,that , / )you speak to your mother .
3.He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from.
4.It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.
5.The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.
2. These are books by Mark Twain, one of which
（= of which one）was read to me by my father.
【知识点3】关系副词when, where, why 可以相 应地转化为：介词+which结构。
1.This is the house where I lived two years ago.
=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
2.Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
【知识点5】注意复杂介词短语+which或whom 引导的定语从句，常见有：because of; in front of, as a result of, at the back of。
1. They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen.
【知识点2】直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省 略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代 词之前时，可省。
1.The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner.
2.The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.
【知识点10】way 作先行词时定语从句的情况 • 1 “方法”，在定语从句中作主语，宾语时，关系
代词应该用that或which，作宾语时，二者可省 略。
• This is the best way which can be used to sovle the problem at present.
1.I have a small room in which I live in.
• =I have a small room in which to live.
• =I have a small room to live in.
2.He has a good friend to whom he can turn for help. =He has a good friend_t_o_w_h_o_m__t_o_t_u_r_n_f_o_r _h_e_lp_.
=Do you remember the day _o_n__ you joined our club? 3.I don’t know the reason why he said so. =I don’t know the reason _fo__r_w__h_ic_h__ he said so.
【例】This is Tom Sawyer, __o_f___ whom his teacher is proud.
【例】Can you think of a situation __in__ which this word can be used?
句。 • as可指物,在从句中作主语或宾语.也可引导非
限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句。 • 注意that&which、that&who的区别
【知识点1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是 which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介 词+whom（指人）两种结构。
1The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner. 2The service ab_o_u_t_which the students complain a lot should be improved. 3He is a library assistant fro_m__w__h_o_m_ I borrowed some books. 4It is a famous school fro__m__w__h_ich he graduated 3 years ago. 5The chair on w__h_i_c_h_ he is sitting now is made of wood.
• =He has a good friend to turn to for help.
【知识点9】介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能 会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。
• 【例】He used to live in London, from where he came .
• 【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.
【知识点4】有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配， 不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前： 【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for. 【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.
1. I live in a room whose windows are all broken.
=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.
= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.
常见动词短语：listen to,look at, depend on; look for, pay attention to, take care of, look after, take part in, call on, catch up with, get along with, hear of, look forward to...
2. Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, _in__fr_o_n_t_o_f_w_h_o_m__ sit three students.
【知识点6】不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的 定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词 结 构。其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。
• = This is my teacher
_o_f__w_h__o_m__t_h_e__h_a_n__d_w_r__it_i_n_g______ is excellent.
【知识点8】由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当 主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+ which/whom+ to do 结构。
3. She has two sons, _n_e_i_t_h_e_r__o_f_w__h_o_m_（=of whom
neither）is a teacher.
4. She has many books, none of which ( of which none)
is interesting.
【知识点7】关系代词whose+名词 引导的定语从 句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。
• 关系代词引导的定语从句 • 关系副词引导的定语从句
（when\where\why） • 限制性定语从句 • 非限制性定语从句 • as引导的定语从句 • 介词+关系代词的定语从句 • way引导的定语从句
关系代词:
• who指人：在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 • whom指人：在定语从句中作宾语。 • whose可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。 • that 可指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语. • which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语. • which引导的非限制性定语从句可修饰整个主
【知识点11】如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定 语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与 介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。
【例】The picture __f_o_r__which he paid $100 was once owned by a king.
【析】定语从句谓语是pay some money；先行词为 the picture；还原句子即：He paid $100 ____ the picture.在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语：pay some money for something。
2. This is my teacher __w__h_o_s_e___ handwriting is excellent.
• = This is my teacher
_th__e_h__a_n_d_w__r_it_i_n_g__o_f_w__h_o_m____________ is excellent.
• You can do it in a way that nobody likes here .
• 2 “方式”，关系词在句中作状语，关系词用that, in which或省略
• I don’t like the way (in which ,that , / )you speak to your mother .
3.He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from.
4.It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.
5.The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.