专八复习爱默生《论友谊》中英对照（阅读、写作、翻译经典）5则范文

专八复习爱默生《论友谊》中英对照（阅读、写作、翻译经
典）5则范文
第一篇：专八复习爱默生《论友谊》中英对照(阅读、写作、翻译经典)
大家网英语专八论坛
I do not wish to treat friendships daintily, but with roughest courage.When they are real, they are not glass threads or frostwork, but the solidest thing we know.For now, after so many ages of experience, what do we know of nature, or of ourselves? Not one step has man taken toward the solution of the problem of his destiny.In one condemnation of folly stand the whole universe of men.But the sweet sincerity of joy and peace, which I draw from this alliance with my brother’s soul, is the nut itself, whereof all nature and all thought is but the husk and shell.Happy is the house that shelters a friend!It might well be built, like a festal bower or arch, to entertain him a single day.Happier, if he know the solemnity of that relation, and honor its law!He who offers himself a candidate for that covenant comes up, like an Olympian, to the great games, where the first-born of the world are the competitors.He proposes himself for contests where Time, Want, Danger, are in the lists, and he alone is victor who has truth enough in his constitution to preserve the delicacy of his beauty from the wear and tear of all these.The gifts of fortune may be present or absent, but all the speed in that contest depends on intrinsic nobleness, and the contempt of trifles.There are two elements that go to the composition of friendship, each so sovereign that I can detect no superiority in either, no reason why either should be first named.One is Truth.A friend is a person with whom I may be sincere.Before him I may think aloud.I am arrived
at last in the presence of a man so real and equal, that I may drop even those undermost garments of dissimulation, courtesy, and second thought, which men never put off, and may deal with him /index_61.html
with the simplicity and wholeness with which one chemical atom meets another.Sincerity is the luxury allowed, like diadems and authority, only to the highest rank, that being permitted to speak truth, as having none above it to court or conform unto.Every man alone is sincere.At the entrance of a second person, hypocrisy begins.We parry and fend the approach of our fellow-man by compliments, by gossip, by amusements, by affairs.We cover up our thought from him under a hundred folds.I knew a man, who, under a certain religious frenzy, cast off this drapery, and, omitting all compliment and commonplace, spoke to the conscience of every person he encountered, and that with great insight and beauty.At first he was resisted, and all men agreed he was mad.But persisting, as indeed he could not help doing, for some time in this course, he attained to the advantage of bringing every man of his acquaintance into true relations with him.No man would think of speaking falsely with him, or of putting him off with any chat of markets or reading-rooms.But every man was constrained by so much sincerity to the like plaindealing, and what love of nature, what poetry, what symbol of truth he had, he did certainly show him.But to most of us society shows not its face and eye, but its side and its back.To stand in true relations with men in a false age is worth a fit of insanity, is it not? We can seldom go erect.Almost every man we meet requires some civility,--requires to be humored;he has some fame, some talent, some whim of religion or philanthropy in his head that is not to be questioned, and which spoils all
conversation with him.But a friend is a sane man who exercises not my ingenuity, but me.My
friend gives me entertainment without requiring any stipulation on my part.A friend, therefore, is a sort of paradox in nature.I who alone am, I who see nothing in nature whose existence I can affirm with equal evidence to my own, behold now the semblance of my being, in all its height, variety, and curiosity, reiterated in a foreign form;so that a friend may well be reckoned the masterpiece of nature.译文：
我不想用轻巧的方式对待友情，我愿以最狂热的勇气去对待它。

如果友谊是真的，它就不会是玻璃丝或者霜花，而是我们所知最坚固的东西。

今天，在我们已经有了这么多世代的经验积累之后，我们对自然，或者对自己了解了多少呢？在对人的命运问题的解答上，人类从未前进过一步。

整个人类都因为愚昧而被谴。

然而，那种喜悦与宁静中甜美的真挚，——我从与兄弟的灵魂联合中得到了它，本身就是关于整个自然的核心认识，而人类的种种思想只不过是果皮和果壳罢了。

幸福是一所为朋友遮风挡雨的房屋。

也有人将它建造得像一间节日的凉亭或拱门，只能享用一天。

如果他懂得友谊的庄严，并且尊敬它的法则，他将会更幸福。

谁主动献出自己，希望与人缔造友谊的盟约，谁就如同走入赛场的奥林匹克运动员，去参加一场伟大的运动会。

在那里面，世界首先产生的就是竞赛者。

他推举自己为参赛者，他的对手包括时间、私欲和危险。

在这场竞赛中，谁的精神中具备足够的忠诚，以护卫心中易碎的美好，战胜疲惫和泪水，谁就会成为唯一的胜利者。

幸运女神也许眷顾你，也许忘记你，但你取胜的所有机会都依赖内心的崇高以及对琐屑之
物的蔑视。

朋友就是我可以与之坦诚相待的人。

在朋友面前，我可以出声地思想。

我终于到达这样一个人面前：他如此真实、平等，以至于我可以脱下最里层的防护衣：装假、礼貌、谨慎，这些人们从未脱去的东西。

我可以直率、全心身地对待他，就像一个原子和另一个原子相遇。

真诚是一件贵重之物，就像皇冠和权力，它只授予最高阶层的人。

他们被准许说真话，如同这是他们最高的追求和服从。

每个人独处的时候都是真诚的。

一旦有另一个人走近，伪装就开始了。

我们用恭维、闲谈、消遣，或者用事务，来逃避或挡开同伴的接近。

我们用一百层折叠来掩盖我们的思想。

我认识一个人，他在一种宗教迷狂的情绪下，撕下了这幅帷幔，对每个他所遇到的人都略去所有的恭维和平常话，直接对他们的是非之心说话，并说得极其深刻而优美。

最初，他遭到拒绝，所有人都认为他疯了。

经过一段时间的坚持之后，——因为实际上他不能不坚持，他与每一个他所认识的人都建立了真实的关系。

没有人想在他面前说谎，也没有人想用任何集市中或者阅览室里的那种闲谈来疏远他。

他们当然也会同他谈对大自然的爱、诗歌、真理的象征等等。

在这样的真诚面前，每个人都不得不采取类似的坦诚态度。

但是对我们大多数人来说，我们看不到别人的脸和眼睛，看到的是人们的侧影和背面。

在一个虚假的时代，为了与人们建立真实的关系而疯狂一下是值得的，不是吗？我们很少能直来直去。

几乎每一个我们碰到的人都要求礼貌，要求别人的迎合；他有一些名声、一些才干、一些不容质疑的关于宗教或慈善事业的兴致，这些往往弄糟了谈话。

朋友应该是一个通情达理的人，他要求的不是我的聪明才智，而是我这个人。

我的朋友给我款待，不附带任何相应约束。

因此，朋友本质上是一种悖论。

我孤独地存在，原本看不到任何我能够以相同的证据证明其存在的其他事物，现在却看到了一个在高贵、丰富和求知欲上与我相同的另一个人。

所以，有充分的理由认为：朋友是大自然的一个杰作。

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第二篇：英语专八翻译练习
中文原文：
两只老虎
有两只老虎，一只在笼子里，一只在野地里。

在笼子里的老虎三餐无忧，在外面的老虎自由自在。

笼子里的老虎总是羡慕外面老虎的自由，外面的老虎却羡慕笼子里的老虎安逸。

一日，一只老虎对另一只老虎说：“咱们换一换。

”另一只老虎同意了。

于是笼子里的老虎走进了大自然，野地里的老虎走进了笼子。

但不久，两只老虎都死了。

一只是饥饿而死，一只是忧郁而死。

许多时候，人们往往对自己的幸福熟视无睹，而觉得别人的幸福很耀眼，却想不到别人的幸福也许对自己不合适。

参考译文：
Two Tigers
There were two tigers;one lived in a cage and the other in the wild.The caged one didn't have to worry about his meal while the one outside was unrestrained.The caged tiger was always envious of the freedom of the one in the wild, while the other one envied the caged one for his ease.One day, one tiger said to the other: “let's change places”.The other one agreeded.There upon the caged one went back to nature while the other came into the cage.But before long both died, one of starvation, and the other, melancholy.Sometimes one is not conscious of his own happiness and always thinks the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence, but not think over that one man's meat is another man's poison.
第三篇：英语专八翻译练习
英文原文：
The secret of being a saint
Once upon a time there lived in a country a do-gooder.The king was very appreciative of his deeds and decided to honour him as a saint by a decree.On the saint's eightieth birthday, the king was invited to his birthday celerbration.He brought with him a painter so as to do a picture of the kindly saint as a paragon for his countrymen.When the feast is over all the guests were asked
to have a look at the picture.To their great surprise, when the picture was shown, what they saw was not a kind but a ruthless and cruel look.The king was very angry at seeing this and ordered his men to beat the painter.Upon hearing the noise, the saint rushed to the scene to have a look at the picture.After viewing it, the saint knelt down and said, “your majesty, the person in the picture is none other than me.” Why?“ said the king, dumbfounded.”T his has been the very person whom I have never wanted to be."
In this world, there are no naturally born saints;only those who can do self-criticism and sel-examination, can become saints.参考译文：
成为圣者的秘诀
从前，在一个国家里，有一位做了无数善事的善心者。

国王非常欣赏他的善举，便封他为圣者。

有一天，圣者过八十大寿，国王前来庆贺，特别带来一位画家，想通过画家的笔，将这位圣者慈祥的容貌画下来，作为世人的典范。

用完晚餐之后，众多的嘉宾前来观赏这幅慈爱的画。

肖像画家将这幅画像拿出来的时候，所有人大吃一惊。

因为画里的人根本没有慈善的面貌，反而充满暴戾，粗野，邪恶的气息。

国王一看，生气地要人把画家拖出去鞭打。

这时，圣者听到惊呼声，跑了过来，他看到这幅画后，跪倒在地：“国王，这画里的人，才是真实的我啊。

”国王惊诧地问：“为什么?”圣者道：“这就是我一生挣扎着，不想去做的那个人啊。

”
在这世上，没有天生的圣者，惟有能时时刻刻自我反省，自我检视的人，才能成为圣者。

第四篇：2014年专八翻译及答案
2014年英语专八考试汉译英部分真题（网友回忆版）
当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。

我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的勤劳困苦。

可是，我也
愿意升学。

我偷偷的考入了师范学校——制服，饭食，书籍，宿处，都由学校供给。

只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。

入学，要交十圆的保证金。

这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。

她不辞劳苦，只要儿子有出息。

当我由师范毕业，而被派为小学校校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。

我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。

中译英部分参考译文（沪江网校版）
After I graduated from primary school, relatives and friends all suggested that I should drop out and learn a trade to help my mother.Although I knew that I ought to seek a livelihood to relieve mother of hard work and distress, I still aspired to go on with study.So I kept learning secretly.I had no courage to tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school which provided free uniforms, books, room and board.To enter the school, I had to pay ten Yuan as a deposit.This was a large sum of money for my family.However, after two weeks’ tough effort, mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to school in tears afterwards.She would spare no pains for her son to win a bright future.On the day when I was appointed the schoolmaster after graduation, mother and I spent a sleepless night.I said to her, “you can have a rest in the future.” but she replied nothing, only with tears streaming down her face.点评：本题是一篇典型的文学翻译，原文选自老舍名篇《我的母亲》。

老舍的作品生活气息浓郁，语言朴实直白。

因此，在翻译本篇时不仅要注意忠实于文字意义，更要忠实地再现原文的语言风格，所以要避免用过于高级的词汇表达和句子结构，用平实的语句表达出原文的精神面貌。

另外，关于散文汉译英，推荐阅读张培基教授译注的《英译中国现代散文选》，书中各篇均为汉英对照，并附详细注释及对原作者的一些必要的简介。

对翻译过程中可能遇到的问题，如语言难点、翻译方法、历史背景等，编译者也作了一些分析讲解，对于文学翻译的学
习大有裨益。

第五篇：专八写作解题策略
专八写作解题策略
一、审题
1.2004班《英语专业八级考试大纲》要求考生“按题撰文”。

2.抓提示信息
(1)固定信息
一般情况下，题意要求规定了作文的大致结构与各段落的主要内容。

（可取任意真题中作文的题意要求为例；“按题撰文”，任意发挥，必然失分）
（2）具体信息
（以2001年专八真题为例）
二、筹划
1.45分钟内一般没有足够的时间写出较为完整的草稿。

2.具体步骤
（1）提出自己的观点，确定文章的中心句。

（2）搜集相关资料，并对资料进行分类，从而形成从不同侧面证明主题句的段落雏形。

（3）对材料进行取舍。

（取舍标准：既与每个段落的主题句相关，又能提供最为充足的证据证
明主题句。

）
（以2008年专八写作真题范文为例。

）
三、写作
打破陈旧开头式、句句紧连丝丝扣、段段逻辑组一体、层次分明条理晰、字迹清楚加整齐。

四、检查
文章的标题是否得当、句法结构有无错误、语法是否正确、过渡词使用是
否恰当、标点符号使用的是否恰当、字母大小写是否存在问题。