美国砖混教材第三章
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Chapter 3
The Architectural Drawings
Paper Sizes
Architects and Engineers refer to paper sizes
by letters.
A – 8 ½” X 11” B – 11” X 17” C – 18” X 24” D – 24” X 36” E – 30” X 42”
Typical Information on Floor Plans
Walls
Adjacent patios, terraces, porches, exterior steps, ramps and walks
Structural grid lines, if any Door symbols and door swings Window symbols
Interior Elevations show the following:
Cabinets, doors, drawers, shelving, chalkboards, display cases, lockers, wall-mounted telephones and communication equipment, and wardrobes Wall trim, paneling, and wainscots Catwalks, ladders, handrails, nosings, pass-thru windows, interior shutters and rolling doors Rolling, folding, or coiling partitions Dimensions, notes, and reference keys to details
Typical Architectural Drawings
Floor Plan Elevations Building Sections Wall Sections Details Reflected Ceiling Plan
Roof Plan
Interior Elevations Schedules Stairs & Elevators
Page 51 Drawing, Break lines are used
Reflected Ceiling Plan
Objects that are attached to or penetrate the ceiling
are the important objects to pay attention to. What’s on a reflected ceiling plan:
Roof Plan
Not to be confused with structural roof plan.
Major purpose of roof is to shed water. Items shown on a roof plan:
Indication of roof surfaces Skylights and roof scuttles Roof drainage including high and low points and slopes to drains, scuppers, edges, or gutters Roof cornices and parapet walls Roof pavers and other walkable surfaces Ladders, splash blocks, stair and elevator penthouses, flagpoles, snow guards, and lightening rods Dimensions of elements not dimensioned elsewhere Notes and detail references
The Floor Plan
Not just the beginning but a key to all other
drawings and methods.
Reflected Ceiling Plan Architect Roof Plan Architect Foundation Plan Structural Engineer Roof Framing Plans Structural Engineer Roof Framing Plan Structural Engineer Lighting Plan Electrical Engineer HVAC Plans Mechanical Engineer Plumbing Plans Mechanical Engineer Furniture Plan Interior designer *** Who else uses these the floor plan??
/sweetha ven/BldgConst/Carpentry01/lessonMa in.asp?iNum=010102
Specifications Broken down into Parts
Part 1
Key Plan
Section cut Lines
Elevations
Convey the appearance of the building
Elevation information
Floor to Floor heights, window heights, and heights of special
Interior Elevations
Drawings of wall on the inside of a building that have
features that need to be identified and dimensioned. Bathroom and kitchen wall are best example.
Not the job of the architect/Engineer to determine the construction means, methods, techniques, sequences, and procedures required to construct a building. THAT IS WHAT YOUR JOB IS!!! Page 50 Drawing
features such as stacks, chimneys and towers. Dimension of overhangs Door and window symbols Louvers and other wall and roof openings that would appear on sloped roofs Line indicating finished grade Exterior materials and notes Roof slope, if applicable Section and detail references Exterior steps, platforms, porches, and railings Exterior columns Flashing, gutters, and downspouts Shutters, dormers, and other special features
Interior stairs, steps, and ramps
Plumbing fixtures Built-in cabinets, shelves and shelf rods Mechanical equipment and vertical chases Fireplaces Roof overhangs Location of fire extinguishers Access to roof or plenum spaces Structural Columns Dimensions of walls and other plan elements
Schedules
Use by Architects to convey the size,
materials, types, hardware, and special features of doors windows etc. Used to get further information not shown on drawings.
Wall Section
Window Section
/sweetha ven/BldgConst/Carpentry01/lessonMa in.asp?iNum=010102
Details
/sweetha ven/BldgConst/Carpentry01/lessonMa in.asp?iNum=010102
Profile of the walls Exposed beams and other structural elements Light fixtures, diffusers, access panels, skylights, drapery tracks, and track lighting Ceiling trip, reveals, and valances at walls, columns, and changes in ceiling heights Sprinkler heads, sensors, and alarms Ceiling hung exit and other signs Ceiling patterns and textures Dimensional locating fixtures in critical areas ****** Many trades use this for coordination,.. which ones???
Wall Sections
Vertical dimensions from the foundation to the roof or parapet
Entire composition of wall with materials rendered
Reinforcing, attachment details, wall flashing Entire composition of floors and roof Notes identifying all materials, components, and asHorizontal framing in the plane of the wall and framing perpendicular to the wall that intersects it. Elevations above sea level or other reference point for floors and roof Dimensions of features and components relative to these elevations. References to larger scale drawings shown elsewhere
The Architectural Drawings
Paper Sizes
Architects and Engineers refer to paper sizes
by letters.
A – 8 ½” X 11” B – 11” X 17” C – 18” X 24” D – 24” X 36” E – 30” X 42”
Typical Information on Floor Plans
Walls
Adjacent patios, terraces, porches, exterior steps, ramps and walks
Structural grid lines, if any Door symbols and door swings Window symbols
Interior Elevations show the following:
Cabinets, doors, drawers, shelving, chalkboards, display cases, lockers, wall-mounted telephones and communication equipment, and wardrobes Wall trim, paneling, and wainscots Catwalks, ladders, handrails, nosings, pass-thru windows, interior shutters and rolling doors Rolling, folding, or coiling partitions Dimensions, notes, and reference keys to details
Typical Architectural Drawings
Floor Plan Elevations Building Sections Wall Sections Details Reflected Ceiling Plan
Roof Plan
Interior Elevations Schedules Stairs & Elevators
Page 51 Drawing, Break lines are used
Reflected Ceiling Plan
Objects that are attached to or penetrate the ceiling
are the important objects to pay attention to. What’s on a reflected ceiling plan:
Roof Plan
Not to be confused with structural roof plan.
Major purpose of roof is to shed water. Items shown on a roof plan:
Indication of roof surfaces Skylights and roof scuttles Roof drainage including high and low points and slopes to drains, scuppers, edges, or gutters Roof cornices and parapet walls Roof pavers and other walkable surfaces Ladders, splash blocks, stair and elevator penthouses, flagpoles, snow guards, and lightening rods Dimensions of elements not dimensioned elsewhere Notes and detail references
The Floor Plan
Not just the beginning but a key to all other
drawings and methods.
Reflected Ceiling Plan Architect Roof Plan Architect Foundation Plan Structural Engineer Roof Framing Plans Structural Engineer Roof Framing Plan Structural Engineer Lighting Plan Electrical Engineer HVAC Plans Mechanical Engineer Plumbing Plans Mechanical Engineer Furniture Plan Interior designer *** Who else uses these the floor plan??
/sweetha ven/BldgConst/Carpentry01/lessonMa in.asp?iNum=010102
Specifications Broken down into Parts
Part 1
Key Plan
Section cut Lines
Elevations
Convey the appearance of the building
Elevation information
Floor to Floor heights, window heights, and heights of special
Interior Elevations
Drawings of wall on the inside of a building that have
features that need to be identified and dimensioned. Bathroom and kitchen wall are best example.
Not the job of the architect/Engineer to determine the construction means, methods, techniques, sequences, and procedures required to construct a building. THAT IS WHAT YOUR JOB IS!!! Page 50 Drawing
features such as stacks, chimneys and towers. Dimension of overhangs Door and window symbols Louvers and other wall and roof openings that would appear on sloped roofs Line indicating finished grade Exterior materials and notes Roof slope, if applicable Section and detail references Exterior steps, platforms, porches, and railings Exterior columns Flashing, gutters, and downspouts Shutters, dormers, and other special features
Interior stairs, steps, and ramps
Plumbing fixtures Built-in cabinets, shelves and shelf rods Mechanical equipment and vertical chases Fireplaces Roof overhangs Location of fire extinguishers Access to roof or plenum spaces Structural Columns Dimensions of walls and other plan elements
Schedules
Use by Architects to convey the size,
materials, types, hardware, and special features of doors windows etc. Used to get further information not shown on drawings.
Wall Section
Window Section
/sweetha ven/BldgConst/Carpentry01/lessonMa in.asp?iNum=010102
Details
/sweetha ven/BldgConst/Carpentry01/lessonMa in.asp?iNum=010102
Profile of the walls Exposed beams and other structural elements Light fixtures, diffusers, access panels, skylights, drapery tracks, and track lighting Ceiling trip, reveals, and valances at walls, columns, and changes in ceiling heights Sprinkler heads, sensors, and alarms Ceiling hung exit and other signs Ceiling patterns and textures Dimensional locating fixtures in critical areas ****** Many trades use this for coordination,.. which ones???
Wall Sections
Vertical dimensions from the foundation to the roof or parapet
Entire composition of wall with materials rendered
Reinforcing, attachment details, wall flashing Entire composition of floors and roof Notes identifying all materials, components, and asHorizontal framing in the plane of the wall and framing perpendicular to the wall that intersects it. Elevations above sea level or other reference point for floors and roof Dimensions of features and components relative to these elevations. References to larger scale drawings shown elsewhere